EXPLANATION OF THE ALUMINUM SPECIFICATION

w # 4 in. # (�1 # �1�) in. # 3.47 in. n 2 32

(The actual hole diameter is used since the hole is drilled.)
The net width for a diagonal failure path through two holes is:
w # 4 in. # 2(�1 # �1�) in. # 12 / (4)(1) # 3.19 in. n 2 32
Using the lesser of these widths, the net area is calculated:
A # (3.19 in.)(�1 in.) # 0.797 in.2 n 4
The allowable tensile force is the lesser of:
T # F A /n # (12 k/ in.2)(1.00 in.2) /1.65 # 7.27 k y ty g y
and:
T # F A / (k n ) # (17 k/ in.2)(0.797 in.2) / [(1.0)(1.95)] # 6.95 k u tu n t u
So, the allowable tensile force is 6.95 k.
5.1.3 Effective Net Area
Depending on how a member is connected at its ends, the entire net section
may not be effective in tension. Figure 5.5 shows an angle splice that is
connected through only one leg. The leg that is connected is effectively continuous
through the joint, but the other leg is not. How much, if any, of an
unconnected cross-sectional element may be considered effective in tension?
(See Section 5.2.2 for a definition of element).
The aluminum and steel specifications offer different guidelines to determine
effective net area. The Aluminum Specification doesn�t provide effective
net area criteria for all the cases covered by Steel Specification Section B3.
The effective net area cases for aluminum are given in Aluminum Specification
Section 5.1.7 and cover single and double angles only. A comparison
with steel is made in Table 5.1. The effectiveness of unconnected elements
is a function of the proportions of the elements and the length of the connection.
While the 8th edition of the Steel Specification introduced criteria
for the effective net area of I-beams and tees that are not connected through
their webs, the Aluminum Specification requires only a reduction on the outstanding
legs of angles.
When all elements of the cross section are not connected, the resultant
tensile force and the centroid of the section may not coincide. Examples of
this include single and double angles that are not connected through both legs
and tees that are not connected through both the flange and web. In these
Angle splice connected through only one leg.
TABLE 5.1 Comparison of Aluminum and Steel Specifications for Effective
Net Area
Case Aluminum Specification Steel Specification
Equal leg angle with 1 leg connected,
2 bolts in line
0.5 # ( ).5 # 0.67 1�3 0.75
Double equal leg angles, 2 bolts in
line
0.5 # ( ).5 # 0.83 2�3 0.75
Equal leg angle with 1 leg connected,
3 bolts in line
0.67 0.85
Double equal leg angles,3 bolts in
line
0.83 0.85
Tee with flange connected no provision 0.75 or 0.85