SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

ACING YOUR SPM 2018

ARTS
STREA
M
Pernial
l Prin gaan
sip Pe
rakau
l Scie nan
nce
l Eko
nomi

techniques
The right ea ve r y s
time for
tressful jaran
ela
n can b n it is for Sijil P l
m seaso e il
THE exa what more wh l SPM grades w niversities,
d en ts , our fin a s an d u
stu (SPM). Y ge g
for colle chievin
Malaysia e your options t your all into a
in p u
determ cial that you ppleme
nt
ru 2018 su you on
so it is c esults. r S P M
r You n
the best rSpecial Acing aims to enlighte
The Sta rt series that pap er s. t
e-pa bjective 2018, ge
is a thre ore on your su cing Your SPM of
sc A ts
how to second issue of stream subjec i and
In this ps for the Arts nan, Ekonom
ul ti kau
insightf n, Prinsip Pera
Pern iag a a e sort of
. er gr asp of th iliarise
Science n to have a bett face and fam
Read o ou are likely to g techniques. e
sy erin ut for th
question ith good answ e stream, look o 18 next
w c 0
yourself re in the Scien ing Your SPM 2 f Biology,
If you a nal issue of Ac the subjects o tics.
d fi s on ma
third an hich will focu ditional Mathe
n d a y, w an d A d
Su s
y, Physic
Chemistr
2 Acing Your SPM 2018 SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

Perniagaan 3766
Format Instrumen Mata Pelajaran Perniagaan 3766

Perkara Kertas 1 (3766/1) Kertas 2 (3766/2) Kertas 3 (3766/3)

Jenis instrumen Ujian objektif Ujian subjektif Projek

Jenis item Aneka pilihan Respon terhad Tugasan perniagaan

Respon terbuka

Bilangan soalan 40 soalan wajib Bahagian A Tugasan perniagaan

Enam soalan: pilih lima (50
markah)
Bahagian B
Tiga soalan: pilih dua (30 markah)
Bahagian C
Satu soalan wajib (20 markah )

Jumlah markah 40 100 80

Tempoh ujian 1 jam 15 minit 2 jam 15 minit Tingkatan 5 (Mac hingga Mei)

Wajaran 20% 60% 20%

Konstruk - Mengingati dan memahami - Mengingati dan memahami - Kemahiran mengaplikasi,

- Kemahiran mengaplikasi
- Kemahiran mengaplikasi, menganalisis, menilai,
menganalisis dan menilai mencipta, menyelesaikan
masalah, membuat keputusan
dan kebolehkerjaan
- Nilai

Cakupan konteks Bidang pembelajaran Tingkatan 4 dan 5

Aras kesukaran R:S:T

5:3:2

KERTAS 2
Kos tetap
Bahagian A TPM =
• T erdapat enam soalan diberikan dan calon perlu menjawab lima soalan sahaja. Harga seunit – Kos berubah seunit
• Peruntukan markah ialah 50 markah – 10 markah bagi setiap soalan.
• Cadangan masa bagi menjawab bahagian ini adalah 70 minit. Kos berubah = Bahan mentah RM20 + Upah RM10
• Dalam Bahagian A: = RM30
- Sebahagian menguji pengetahuan dan kefahaman. Kos tetap = Sewa RM18,000+ Gaji RM100,000 + Bil elektrik dan air RM2,000
- Sebahagian lagi menguji kemahiran seperti membuat keputusan, menilai dan = RM120,000
menganalisis.
- Berdasarkan format pentaksiran, komposisi item adalah 70% berkaitan 120,000
TPM =
kemahiran berfikiran aras tinggi manakala 30% lagi berkaitan kemahiran pada 80 – 30
tahap pengetahuan dan kefahaman.
• Kalkulator diperlukan. = 2,400 unit
Syarikat perlu menjual 2,400 unit.
Contoh soalan dan jawapan Bahagian A

1. (a) Jelaskan maksud titik pulang modal. [3 markah] ii. Jika harga jualan dinaikkan kepada RM130, apakah kesan kedudukan titik pulang
modal? [2 markah]
• Suatu kaedah yang digunakan untuk merancang dan mengetahui hasil yang
diperolehi bersamaan dengan jumlah kos yang ditanggung. Kos tetap
• Volum pengeluaran yang tidak memberi sebarang untung ataupun rugi. TPM =
Harga seunit – Kos berubah seunit
Kos tetap
TPM = 120,000
TPM =
Harga seunit – Kos berubah seunit 130 – 30
= 1,200 unit

(b) Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan Syarikat Maju Sdn Bhd.

2. (a) Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan satu pernyataan bagi Syarikat Minyak Hitam
T-TAM.
Syarikat Maju Sdn Bhd menghasilkan kasut sekolah untuk pasaran tempatan. Berikut adalah
maklumat tentang kos pengeluaran yang ditanggung oleh syarikat ini dalam proses pengeluaran
dalam tempoh setahun. “Untuk menjadi pembekal minyak yang terkemuka bukan sahaja di negara Malaysia,
malah di peringkat antarabangsa.”

Kos bahan mentah untuk sepasang kasut RM20

i) Wajarkah pernyataan Syarikat Minyak Hitam T-TAM tersebut sebagai suatu visi?
Kos upah untuk menghasilkan sepasang kasut RM10 Kemukakan alasan anda. [4 markah]
Gaji kakitangan dan pengurus (setahun) RM100,000
Tip: Jika soalan berkaitan dengan pernyataan, jawapan calon mestilah
Sewa premis (setahun) RM18,000 berkaitan dengan pernyataan yang diberikan.

Peruntukan bil elektrik dan air (setahun) RM2,000 • Ya.

• Merupakan perancangan yang ingin dicapai.
• Contoh ayat menjadi pembekal minyak yang terkemuka di negara Malaysia.
• Membantu organisasi membuat keputusan dengan memastikan hala tuju syarikat
tidak terpesong.
i. Berapakah unit kasut yang perlu dikeluarkan untuk mencapai titik pulang modal jika • Visi syarikat dinyatakan dalam satu pernyataan dan beberapa patah perkataan.
harga sepasang kasut RM80? [5 markah]
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018 Acing Your SPM 2018 3

Jawapan alternatif Cik Julita telah memulakan perniagaannya dengan menjual cendawan goreng di taman
• Tidak. perumahannya pada tiga tahun lepas. Beliau telah berusaha mengembangkan
Kenyataan tersebut merupakan misi kerana ia merupakan tujuan utama syarikat perniagaannya demi memenuhi keperluan dirinya. Kini beliau telah berjaya membuka
tersebut. Misi ditulis dalam berberapa patah perkataan sahaja. dua buah kedai yang menjual cendawan goreng pelbagai perisa seperti keju, pedas
rangup dan masam manis sehingga mendapat sambutan yang sangat menggalakkan.
ii) Huraikan tiga ciri objektif yang baik. [6 markah]
Tip: Jika soalan berkaitan dengan pernyataan, jawapan calon
Guna akronim SMART. mestilah dikaitkan dengan pernyataan yang diberikan.

• Specific (Khusus)
- Objektif dinyatakan dengan jelas. • Berani mengambil risiko
- Contoh ayat: Menjadi pembekal minyak yang terkemuka bukan sahaja - Cik Julita menjual cendawan goreng di taman perumahannya.
di Malaysia malah di peringkat antarabangsa.
• Kreatif dan inovatif
• Measurable (Boleh diukur) - Cik Julita menjual cendawan goreng pelbagai perisa seperti pedas rangup,
- Boleh diukur sebelum dan selepas. keju dan masam manis.
- Boleh diukur secara kualitatif atau kuantitatif.
• Yakin pada diri sendiri
• Attainable (Boleh dicapai) - Membuka dua buah kedai baharu cendawan goreng dan mendapat sambutan
- Objektif perlu selaras. yang menggalakkan.

• Realistic (Munasabah)
- Objektif syarikat boleh dicapai dengan mudah dan tidak mustahil.
• Time frame (Jangka masa)
- Objektif mempunyai tempoh masa yang sesuai untuk dicapai.
3. (a) Berdasarkan pernyataan di bawah, terangkan dua ciri usahawan yang ada pada
Cik Julita. [4 markah]
b) Huraikan dua kelebihan menjadi usahawan kepada diri sendiri dan
masyarakat. [6 markah]
• Diri sendiri
- Sumber pendapatan sendiri
- Membentuk diri yang sentiasa berfikiran positif, berdikari dan rajin
berusaha
- Cik Julita mengembangkan perniagaannya untuk memenuhi kehendak
diri sendiri

• Masyarakat
- Memenuhi keperluan dan kehendak masyarakat
- Mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan
- Meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat
- Cik Julita menjual cendawan goreng di taman perumahan beliau

Prinsip Perakaunan 3756

Teknik menjawab soalan penyata kewangan milikan tunggal Maklumat tambahan:
(i) Inventori pada 30 Jun 2018 dinilai seperti berikut:
SOALAN:
Harga kos (RM) Harga pasaran (RM)
Alieya Enterprise adalah sebuah perniagaan yang beroperasi di Pekan Meru, Klang, Selangor.
Berikut adalah Imbangan Duga perniagaan tersebut pada 30 Jun 2018.
Kad Inventori A 3,380 3,180
Kad Inventori B 3,710 4,710
Imbangan Duga pada 30 Jun 2018
Kad Inventori C 4,100 4,200
Debit (RM) Kredit (RM)

Modal pada 1 Julai 2017 88,000 (ii) Insurans dibayar adalah untuk setahun mulai 1 September 2017.
Inventori 1 Julai 2017 9,900 (iii) Pemilik mengambil alat tulis bernilai RM80 untuk kegunaan sendiri, tetapi belum
direkodkan dalam mana-mana buku.
Tunai 1,720
(iv) Hutang seorang pelanggan yang telah diisytiharkan muflis perlu dihapuskira
Belian dan Jualan 85,180 164,885 sebanyak RM1,500 sebagai hutang lapuk. Perkara ini belum dicatatkan dalam
Sewa 7,700 mana-mana buku.
Pinjaman (kadar faedah 4%) 15,000 (v) Peruntukan hutang ragu diselaraskan pada kadar 5% atas Akaun Belum Terima
bersih.
Akaun Belum Terima dan Akaun Belum Bayar 15,500 12,850 (vi) Polisi susut nilai adalah seperti berikut:
Ambilan 3,600 - Lengkapan 10% setahun mengikut kaedah garis lurus.
Pulangan 250 700 - Kenderaan 20% setahun mengikut kaedah baki berkurangan.
Simpanan Tetap (matang pada 30 September 2018) 6,000 (vii) Pinjaman berkadar faedah 4% akan tamat tempoh matangnya pada 30 Jun 2020.
Gaji 14,500
Angkutan masuk 650 Anda dikehendaki menyediakan :
Komisen 1,800 a) Akaun Perdagangan dan Untung Rugi bagi tahun berakhir
30 Jun 2018. [14 markah]
Premis (kos) 95,000
b) Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan pada 30 Jun 2018 (Tunjukkan
Bank 12,500 modal kerja). [11 markah]
Lengkapan (kos) 15,300
Susut nilai terkumpul lengkapan 2,295
40,000 Tip: Pelajar mesti ingat format Akaun Perdagangan dan Untung Rugi serta format
Kenderaan (kos)
Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan dengan baik.
Susut nilai terkumpul kenderaan 14,400
Insurans 3,600
Faedah atas simpanan tetap 400
Akaun Perdagangan dan Untung Rugi bagi …………..
Hutang lapuk 500
Faedah atas pinjaman 400 Jualan 280
Alat tulis 280 Tolak : Kos Jualan (80) Akaun Perdagangan
Cukai atas belian 650 UNTUNG KASAR 200
Angkutan keluar 850
Tambah : Hasil 100
Peruntukan Hutang Ragu 950
Kadar bayaran 2,600 300
Akaun Untung Rugi
Tolak : Belanja 70
308,980 308,980
UNTUNG BERSIH 230
4 Acing Your SPM 2018 SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

(iii) Insurans Prabayar

Penyata Kedudukan Kewangan pada ……
ASET BUKAN SEMASA 300 Insurans yang dibayar adalah untuk tempoh setahun mulai 1 September 2017.

ASET SEMASA 100 Pengiraan

Insurans Prabayar = RM3,600 x 2 bulan = RM600 [PKK-AS]
TOLAK : LIABILITI SEMASA (50)
12 bulan
Mesti tunjukkan
MODAL KERJA 50 Insurans = RM3,600 – RM600 = RM3,000 [AUR-B]
Modal Kerja
350
Dibiayai Oleh : Huraian
• Insurans dibayar mulai 1 September 2017 hingga 31 Ogos 2018. Tapi ingat,
EKUITI PEMILIK 250 tempoh kewangan adalah 1 Julai 2017 hingga 30 Jun 2018. Oleh itu, insurans
telah terlebih bayar untuk Julai 2018 dan Ogos 2018 = 2 bulan.
LIABILITI BUKAN SEMASA 100
• Insurans Prabayar (terlebih bayar) adalah belanja insurans untuk tempoh
350 akan datang, jadi ia tidak boleh lagi diiktiraf sebagai belanja tahun semasa
(perlu ditolak daripada insurans). Ia direkod sebagai Aset Semasa kerana
perniagaan berhak ke atas insurans yang telah dibayar itu.

LANGKAH MENJAWAB: (iv) Sewa Diterima

1. Kaji soalan bersama maklumat tambahan yang diberikan dalam soalan. Gariskan item Sewa bulanan ialah RM700.
dalam Imbangan Duga (ID) yang ada pelarasan. Kelaskan setiap item dalam ID kepada AP,
AUR dan PKK. Pengiraan
Sewa Diterima = RM700 x 12 bulan = RM8,400 [AUR-H]
Dalam ID, Sewa Diterima adalah RM7,700. Ini bermakna sewa terkurang terima

Debit (RM) Debit (RM) Sewa Belum Terima = RM8,400 – RM7,700 = RM700 [PKK-AS]

Modal pada 1 Julai 2017 [PKK-EP] 88,000 Huraian

• Sewa belum terima adalah hasil sewa tahun semasa, jadi ia boleh diiktiraf
Inventori 1 Julai 2017 [AP] 9,900 Jualan sebagai hasil (perlu ditambah kepada sewa). Ia juga direkod sebagai Aset
Belian Semasa kerana perniagaan berhak ke atas penerimaannya.
Tunai [PKK-AS] 1,720

Belian dan Jualan [AP] 85,180 164,885 (v) Alat tulis

Akaun Belum
Sewa [AUR-H (berada di Kredit)] Terima - AS Akaun Belum 7 700 Pemilik mengambil alat tulis RM80 untuk kegunaan sendiri, tetapi belum
Terima - AS direkodkan dalam mana-mana buku.
Pinjaman (kadar faedah 4%) [PKK-LBS] 15,000
Pengiraan
Akaun Belum Terima dan Akaun Belum Bayar [PKK] 15,500 12,850
Alat tulis = RM280 – RM80 = RM200 [AUR-B]
Ambilan [PKK-Kontra EP] 3,600
Ambilan = RM3,600 + RM80 = RM3680 [PKK-Kontra EP]
Pulangan Pulangan Huraian
Jualan Belian
• Alat tulis akan berkurang dengan ambilan yang dibuat oleh pemilik.
Pulangan [AP] 250 700 Manakala Ambilan akan ditambah kerana pemilik mengambil alat tulis untuk
kegunaan sendiri.
Simpanan Tetap (matang pada 30 September 2018) 6,000
[PKK-AS] (vi) Hutang lapuk
Gaji [AUR-B] 14,500
Hutang seorang pelanggan yang telah diisytiharkan muflis perlu dihapuskira
Angkutan masuk [AP] 650 sebanyak RM1,500 sebagai hutang lapuk. Perkara ini belum dicatatkan dalam
mana-mana buku.
Komisen [AUR-H (berada di Kredit] 1,800
Pengiraan
Premis (kos) [PKK-ABS] 95,000
Akaun Belum Terima = RM15,500 – RM1,500 = RM14,000 [PKK-AS]
Bank [PKK-AS] 12,500
Hutang Lapuk = RM1,500 + RM500 = RM2,000 [AUR-B]
Lengkapan (kos) [PKK-ABS] 15,300
2,295 Huraian
Susut nilai terkumpul lengkapan [PKK-Kontra ABS] • Hutang lapuk yang baharu akan meningkatkan jumlah hutang lapuk. Nilai
Kenderaan (kos) [PKK-ABS] 40,000 Akaun Belum Terima (ABT) perlu ditolak dengan nilai hutang lapuk yang
baharu.
Susut nilai terkumpul kenderaan [PKK-Kontra ABS] 14,400 • Nilai ABT yang baharu disebut sebagai Akaun Belum Terima bersih.

Insurans [AUR-B] 3,600 (vii) Peruntukan Hutang Ragu

Faedah atas simpanan tetap [AUR-H] 400
Peruntukan hutang ragu (PHR) diselaraskan pada kadar 5% atas Akaun Belum
Hutang lapuk [AUR-B] 500 Terima bersih.

Faedah atas pinjaman [AUR-B] 400 Pengiraan

280 Peruntukan Hutang Ragu = RM14,000 X 5% = RM700 [PKK-Kontra ABT]
Alat tulis [AUR-B]

Cukai atas belian [AP] 650 Bandingkan nilai PHR yang baharu dengan nilai PHR dalam ID

Angkutan keluar [AUR-B] 850 RM700 RM950

Peruntukan Hutang Ragu [PKK-Kontra AS] 950
Pengurangan Peruntukan
Kadar bayaran [AUR-B] 2,600 Hutang Ragu = RM950 - RM700 = RM250 [AUR-H]

308,980 308,980 Huraian :

• - Pengiraan PHR perlu berdasarkan nilai Akaun Belum Terima bersih iaitu
selepas ditolak hutang lapuk yang baharu. Nilai PHR yang baharu
menunjukkan penurunan berbanding nilai PHR lama (iaitu dalam ID).
Penurunan/ pengurangan ini direkod sebagai Hasil dalam AUR.

2. Selesaikan pelarasan satu persatu. (viii) Susut nilai Lengkapan dan Kenderaan
(i) Inventori pada 30 Jun 2018 dinilai dengan mengambil nilai terendah antara harga kos
dan harga pasaran. (Pilih nilai inventori akhir yang terendah). Lengkapan 10% setahun mengikut kaedah garis lurus
(ii)
Kenderaan 20% setahun mengikut kaedah baki berkurangan.
Harga kos (RM) Harga pasaran (RM) RM3,180
Pengiraan
RM3,710 Susut nilai Lengkapan = RM15,300 X 10% =RM1,530 [AUR-B]
Kad Inventori A 3,380 3,180 +RM4,100 Susut nilai terkumpul Lengkapan = RM2,295 + RM1,530 = RM3,825
Kad Inventori B 3,710 4,710 RM10,990 [PKK-Kontra ABS]

Kad Inventori C 4,100 4,200 Susut nilai Kenderaan = [RM40,000 – RM14,400] X 20% =RM5,120
[AUR-B]

Susut nilai terkumpul Kenderaan = RM14,400 + RM5,120 = RM19,520

[PKK-Kontra ABS]
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018 Acing Your SPM 2018 5

Huraian
• Susut nilai yang baru dikira akan direkod dalam AUR sebagai belanja dan
susut nilai yang baharu ini juga perlu ditambah kepada susut nilai terkumpul
(dalam ID) untuk mendapatkan nilai susut nilai terkumpul yang baharu dan
direkod dalam PKK sebagai kontra kepada ABS tersebut.
(ix) Faedah atas pinjaman
Pinjaman berkadar faedah 4% akan tamat tempoh matangnya pada 30 Jun 2020.
Pengiraan
Faedah atas pinjaman = RM15,000 X 4% = RM600 [AUR-B]
Dalam ID, Faedah atas pinjaman yang telah dibayar ialah RM400.
Ini bermakna faedah atas pinjaman terkurang bayar.
Faedah atas pinjaman belum bayar = RM600 – RM400=RM200 [PKK-LS]
Huraian
• Faedah atas pinjaman ialah RM600 yang perlu dibayar. Berdasarkan ID,
hanya RM400 yang telah dibayar. Jadi perbezaan RM200 adalah faedah atas
pinjaman belum bayar - direkod sebagai liabiliti semasa (LS) dalam PKK.
• - Pinjaman berkadar faedah 4% pula akan direkodkan sebagai Liabiliti
Bukan Semasa dalam PKK kerana hanya akan selesai dibayar dalam masa dua
tahun.

Jawapan akhir

Alieya Enterprise Alieya Enterprise

Akaun Perdagangan dan Untung Rugi bagi tahun berakhir 30 Jun 2018 Akaun Perdagangan dan Untung Rugi bagi tahun berakhir 30 Jun 2018

RM RM RM RM RM RM
Kos Susut Nilai Nilai
Jualan 164,885
Terkumpul Buku
Tolak: Pulangan Jualan (250)
Aset Bukan Semasa
Jualan Bersih 164,635
Premis 95,000
Tolak: Kos Jualan
Kenderaan 40,000 (19,520) 20,480
Inventori Awal 9,900
Lengkapan 15,300 (3,825) 11,475
Belian 85,180
126,955
Tolak: Pulangan Belian (700)
Aset Semasa
Belian Bersih 84,480
Inventori Akhir 10,990
Tambah: Angkutan Masuk 650
Simpanan Tetap 6,000
Cukai atas belian 650
Akaun Belum Terima 14,000
Kos Belian 85,780
Tolak: Peruntukan Hutang Ragu (700) 13,300
Kos Barang Untuk Dijual 95,680
Bank 12,500
Tolak: Inventori Akhir (10,990)
Tunai 1,720
Kos Jualan (84,690)
Sewa Belum Terima 700
Untung Kasar 79,945
Insurans Prabayar 600

45,810
Tambah: Hasil
Tolak: Liabiliti Semasa
Sewa (RM7,700 + RM700) 8,400
Akaun Belum Bayar 12,850
Komisen Diterima 1,800
Faedah Atas Pinjaman Belum Bayar 200 (13,050)
Faedah atas simpanan tetap 400
Modal Kerja 32,760
Peruntukan Hutang Ragu (RM950 - RM700) 250 10,850
159,715
90,795
Dibiayai oleh:
Tolak: Belanja
Ekuiti Pemilik
Gaji 14,500
Modal Awal 88,000
Kadar bayaran 2,600
Tambah: Untung Bersih 60,395
Insurans (RM3,600 - RM600) 3,000
148,395
Alat tulis (RM280 - RM80) 200
Tolak: Ambilan (RM3,600 + RM80) (3,680)
Hutang Lapuk (RM500 + RM1,500) 2,000
144,715
Angkutan keluar 850
Liabiliti Bukan Semasa
Faedah atas pinjaman(RM400 + RM200) 600
Pinjaman 15,000
Susut nilai Lengkapan (RM15,300 X 10%) 1,530
159,715
Susut nilai Kenderaan [(RM40,000 - RM14,400) X 20%] 5,120 (30,400)

Untung Bersih 60,395

RECEIPT
RECEIPT
RECEIP
RECEIPT

TOTAL
6 Acing Your SPM 2018 SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

Science 1511/2
SPM Science Paper 2 format Answer: The higher the temperature, the higher the number Example:
of bacterial colonies.
Item Paper 2 (1511/2)
2. A student carried out a study to determine the effect of
Type of instrument Subjective test phosphorus on the growth of orchid plants. The student
Type of item used the aerophonic method by spraying different
Subjective item
fertiliser solutions on orchid plant P and Q twice a week.
Section A: Structured questions
Section B: Structured questions State one hypothesis for this study.
Section C: Open response item and
limited response item Answer: Orchid plants need phosphorus for healthy growth/
Number of Section A: Four questions (answer all) more roots/bigger flowers/bigger leaves.
questions 20 marks
Section B: Five questions (answer all)
30 marks c) Format for writing an aim
Section C: Three questions (question To investigate/study the relationship between
10 and either question 11 or 12) manipulated variables and responding variables.

Total marks 70 Example:

Time 2 hours 30 minutes The experiment is repeated using other pairs of metals.
The voltmeter reading is recorded in Table 3.
Construct Knowledge: 20 marks
requirement Understanding: 14 marks Microorganisms such as bacteria cannot grow
without a suitable temperature. Pairs of metals Voltmeter reading (V)
Scientific skills: 30 marks
Application: 6 marks Zinc and lead 0.5
Level of difficulty L:M:H=5:3:2 Lead and lead 0.0
Answer format:
Low – L
1. To observe the effect of temperature on the growth of Table 3
Moderate – M
bacteria.
High – H
2. To study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and 1. What can you infer from the deflected voltmeter
Extra instrument Scientific calculator potassium deficiency on plant growth. needle?
3. To study the effect of alkali and acid on latex. Answer: Zinc is less electropositive than aluminium.

Techniques for answering Section A (20 marks) More examples of inferences:

d) Format for listing variables 2. Bacteria grows actively in dark conditions.
In this section, you will be tested on your knowledge of Students must be able to identify manipulated variables and 3. Antibiotic Y is more effective than antibiotic X in
science process skills including: responding variables. Variables can be identified from the: destroying bacteria.
• Observation • Question 4. Rubber Y is more elastic and has greater tensile
• Classification • Diagram strength than rubber X.
• Measuring • Table
• Inferring • Graph
• Predicting f) Format for writing an operational definition
• Communicating Operational definition is a statement of what you do
• Using space-time relation Example A: The diagram shows an experiment to study and what you observe.
• Interpreting data endothermic reaction.
• Defining operationally Example:
• Identifying 1. Write down the operational definition for the
• Hypothesis coagulation of latex.
The “what you do” is “when acid is added to
a) Format for writing an observation latex”.
Example: Diagram 1 shows the apparatus setup for The “what you observe” is “a white solid is
electroplating an iron spoon. formed”.
Answer: When acid is added to latex, a white solid is
formed.

More examples of operational definitions:

2. Bacteria is a microorganism that causes nutrient
broth to turn cloudy.
3. The iron nail rusts.

Techniques for answering Section B (30 marks)

Section B tests students on knowledge that is covered in the

syllabus. No science process skills are tested as in Section A.
The result of the experiment is recorded in Table 2.
Students should be able to:
Material Temperature (°C) 1. Name substances.
Diagram 1
Water 30
State one observation on the iron spoon after 30 minutes. Water + ammonium nitrate ..........
Answer: Brown precipitate is produced at the surface of
the iron spoon OR The iron spoon becomes thicker. Table 2

b) Format for writing a hypothesis What are the manipulated and responding variables of this Diagram 5
Can be written in these forms: experiment?
• The higher the manipulated variables, the higher/ Answer:
lower the responding variables. Manipulated variable: Presence of water/ammonium nitrate Example: Name the type of neurone in Diagram 5.
• As the manipulated variable increases, the Responding variable: Thermometer reading
responding variable increases/decreases. 2. State one characteristic of an indicated substance.
Example B: Identify the variables of an experiment to study Example: State one characteristic of X.
Hypothesis can be a scientific theory. the effect of light on the growth of bacteria.
Answer: 3. Mark on the element (tick √ on table provided).
Examples: Manipulated variable: Presence of light Example: Mark (√) on the element that can be found
1. Table 1 shows the results of an experiment studying Responding variable: The growth of bacteria OR Condition of in X.
the effect of temperature on bacterial growth. State a nutrient broth
hypothesis for this experiment. Carbon Sulphur Chlorine
e) Format for writing an inference
Number of An inference refers to a reasonable conclusion, possible √
Petri dishes Temperature (oC) bacterial colonies hypothesis drawn from data. Inference is where you
1 10 2 make an educated guess about how something works
2 20 5 based on observation. 4. Choose.
3 30 9 Example: Which food label follows the Food
4 40 10 Regulations 1985?
5 50 ---
5. Give reason.
6 60 0
Example: Give one reason for your answer.
Table 1
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018 Acing Your SPM 2018 7

6. State the function.
Example: State one function of preservative
7. Justify the answer.
Example: Do you agree with the use of artificial
colouring in food? Justify your answer.
8. State the uses.
Example: Based on Diagram 5, state the major use of
synthetic rubber.
9. State the characteristics.
Example: State two characteristics of synthetic rubber
which is used to make shoe sole.
10. Name the process.
Example:
• What is process R?
• What is the name of the soap making
process?
11. Draw.
Example: Draw the structure of vulcanised rubber
in the space provided.
12. Arrange in a correct sequence.
Example: Arrange the following cleansing actions of
soap in the correct sequence in the boxes provided.
13. Name the labelled part.
Example: Name the part K.
14. Give opinions.
Example: In your opinion, why do most taxis in
Malaysia use natural gas as fuel?
Techniques for answering Section C – Question 10 (10
marks)
In the question, students are given a statement (responding
variable and manipulated variable). Students must answer
the question based on their science process skills.
Study the following statement.
A car crash test is a form of destructive testing performed on
cars to ensure safe design standards in related systems and
components.
Frontal impact test was done on the same type of car with
different loads. The test results show that a car with a 100kg
load caused less damage than a car with a 400kg load at the
speed of 56km/h.
a) Hypothesis – Relate the manipulated variable to the
responding variable. (1 mark)
Example: Suggest one hypothesis to investigate the
above statements.
b) (i) Aim of the experiment (1 mark)
To study (manipulated variable) on
(responding variable).
Answer:
To study the relationship between the mass of a
trolley and its momentum.
To study whether an object with bigger mass has
a bigger momentum.
3. The trolley is allowed to roll down and hit the State two factors that can cause chromosome mutation.
plasticine. 1. Radioactive/gamma radiation
4. The depth of the dent on the plasticine is observed/ 2. Exposure to high frequency waves/X-rays/ultraviolet
measured/recorded. rays (2 marks)
5. The experiment is repeated using two trolleys.
Question 12(b)
Diagram 3 shows three examples of gene mutation.
iv) Tabulation of data (1 mark)
Table must contain the manipulated variable and
responding variable.
There is no need to write the data/result of experiment. Haemophilia Sickle-cell
Answer: anaemia
Gene
Mass/Number of trolley Depth of dent (cm) mutation
Thalassaemia
Technique for answering Section C – Question 11 OR 12 (10
marks) Diagram 3
For Question 11 and 12, knowledge that is covered in the
syllabus is tested. No science process skill will be covered.
Study the information in Diagram 3 and construct the
Question 11(a) concept of gene mutation.
1. Students need to write four points. The points can be Your answer should be based on the following aspects:
written in a table (for comparison). (i) Write down the information in Diagram 3.
Example: (1 mark)
In an activity during a science lesson, you are provided with
an iron nail, a piece of zinc plate, wires, a bulb and an √ Write down all information from figure
orange. Answer: Thalassemia, sickle-cell anaemia and
haemophilia are examples of gene mutation.
Build a simple cell, using those items to light up the bulb.
Explain how the electrical energy is produced. You may use (ii) Identify three common characteristics.
diagrams to explain your answer. (3 marks)
√ Find the common characteristics based on figure/
√ Maximum 2 marks for diagram with labels. knowledge from syllabus
Answer:
The iron nail and zinc plate are put in the orange. Answers:
(1 mark) 1. Change that occurs in chemical structure of a gene
Connect the iron nail and zinc plate to the bulb with 2. Spontaneous random change
wire. (1 mark) 3. Change in characteristics of the off spring
4. Can be inherited
Question 11(b)
√ Students will answer three questions (6 marks). (iii) Give another example of gene mutation.
√ Decision-making (choose the best method to solve (1 mark)
problem).
√ Conception question (build a suitable concept). √ Give another answer (that is not in the figure).
√ Problem-solving (must state the suitable method to solve
the problem). Answer:
1. Colour blindness
A father has bought a remote-controlled car for his son. He 2. Albinism
went to a shop to buy long-life batteries for the toy. There
were three types of batteries on display on the shelf as (iv) Relate the common characteristics to construct the
shown in Diagram 1. actual concept of gene mutation.
(1 mark)
Nickel-cadmium
Dry cell battery Alkaline battery battery √ Copy the concept from the question and relate/list
two common characteristics.
Diagram 1
Answer: Gene mutation is a spontaneous random
Suggest which battery is the most suitable for the toy. change that occurs to the structure of a gene, resulting in
Your answers should include: changes in characteristics of the offspring.
(i) Aim of choice
Answer: To choose/buy a battery that can be used in the toy
car over a long term.
(ii) Explanation on the advantages of each type of battery.
Answer:
• Dry cell
• Light
• Portable
• Cheaper

(ii) Identification of variables (2 marks) • Alkaline

√ Manipulated variables • Light
√ Responding variables • Portable
√ Constant variables • Long-lasting
Answers:
Manipulated variables: Mass/weight of trolley • Nickel-cadmium battery
Responding variable: Momentum of trolley • Light
Constant variable: Velocity of trolley • Portable
• Very long-lasting
(iii) List of apparatus and materials (1 mark) • Rechargeable
Apparatus already given in the question + Three
other suitable apparatus. (iii) A list of the types of battery according to suitability.
Answer: Trolley, wooden block, track, plasticine Answer:
and metre rule. 1. Nickel-cadmium battery
2. Alkaline battery
(iv) Procedure or method (4 marks) 3. Dry
Students must use passive sentences.
√ Explain how to set the manipulated variable (iv) Explanation on why that battery type is the most
in the experiment. suitable.
√ Explain how to measure the responding Answer: Nickel-cadmium battery is the most suitable because
variable. it can be used long-term/rechargeable.
√ Students must write down the tools/apparatus
used to measure the variables. Question 12(a)
Answer: State two examples of chromosome mutation and two factors
1. A trolley is placed at the upper end of the that cause the mutation. (4 marks)
inclined track. Answer:
2. The wood/plasticine block is placed at 1. Down syndrome
the bottom end of track. 2. Klinefelter syndrome
3. Turner syndrome (2 marks)
8 Acing Your SPM 2018 SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

Ekonomi 3767/2
FORMAT SOALAN SPM

PERKARA KERTAS 1 KERTAS 1 Bandingkan Berikan persamaan dan perbezaan (ii) Jelaskan keadaan pasaran tepung gandum pada
(3767/1) (3767/1)
harga RM4.75. [4 markah]
Jenis instrumen Ujian objektif Ujian subjektif Lukiskan Lukis keluk/rajah dengan skala yang diberikan
Jenis item Aneka pilihan Respon terhad Pada harga RM4.75, berlaku ketidakseimbangan
Respon terbuka Lakarkan Lukis keluk/rajah tanpa menggunakan skala pasaran.
Kuantiti permintaan dan kuantiti penawaran tidak
Bilangan 40 wajib Bahagian A Mengapakah Beri sebab/alasan/tujuan sama.
soalan 3 Soalan (wajib) – 60 markah Wujud lebihan penawaran sebanyak 45 unit
Tentukan Kira dan nyatakan jenis (keanjalan/imbangan/
Bahagian B apabila kuantiti di tawar (170) lebih dari kuantiti
belanjawan)
4 Soalan (pilih 2) – 40 markah • Keanjalan – anjal/tidak anjal/anjal satu diminta (125).
• Imbangan dagangan – lebihan/ Harga cenderung jatuh untuk mencapai
Jumlah markah 40 100 keseimbangan pasaran.
kurangan/seimbang
• Belanjawan – lebihan/kurangan/
Jenis kata tugas dan jawapan yang diperlukan seimbang Soalan 4
Jelaskan faktor-faktor yang menggalakkan globalisasi di
Contoh Malaysia. [5 markah]
Apakah Apakah maksud kos sosial dalam konteks
Beri maksud, ekonomi? Hasil kerajaan = RM500 bilion
Perbelanjaan kerajaan = RM250 bilion Faktor-faktor penggalak globalisasi adalah:
ciri tanpa • Kos sosial merupakan kesan eksternaliti
huraian negatif kepada pihak ketiga, iaitu kos • Peranan kerajaan (fakta)
kepada pihak ketiga yang tidak termasuk • Tentukan jenis belanjawan negara Dasar ekonomi terbuka negara yang
dalam harga pasaran. • Hasil kerajaan – Perbelanjaan kerajaan menggalakkan pelaburan asing seperti insentif
• Contoh: pembuangan sisa toksik kilang • RM500 bilion – RM250 bilion = fiskal, liberalisasi perdagangan, pelaksanaan blok
ke dalam sungai menyebabkan RM250 bilion perdagangan, polisi mesra pelanggan dan
pencemaran alam sekitar. • Jenis belanjawan negara ialah belanjawan pelonggaran pemberian visa mengalakkan
lebihan kerana hasil kerajaan melebihi kemasukan syarikat multinasional.
Apakah inflasi? [5 markah] perbelanjaan sebanyak RM250 bilion.
• Kenaikan tingkat harga umum [1 markah] • Insfrastruktur teknologi maklumat dan
• Secara berterusan [1 markah] CONTOH SOALAN KERTAS 2 (3767/2) komunikasi yang maju (fakta)
• Disebabkan terlalu banyak wang dalam SPM PERCUBAAN 2018 Kemajuan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi
ekonomi [1 markah] BAHAGIAN A ICT memudahkan dan mempercepatkan urus
• Permintaan yang tinggi [1 markah] niaga, aliran maklumat dan idea antara negara.
• Penurunan nilai wang [1 markah] Soalan 1
Maryam : Ibu, boleh belikan Maryam kasut baharu dan baju • Pelancongan (fakta)
Nyatakan/ Nyatakan objektif makroekonomi yang baharu untuk Hari Raya? Kerajaan memberi galakan dan insentif untuk
Senaraikan/ kerajaan perlu capai. Ibu : Maryam, ibu tak ada wang yang cukup untuk membangunkan sektor pelancongan serta
Berikan • Mencapai tingkat guna tenaga penuh
membeli kedua-dua barang tu, ibu belikan Maryam perkhidmatan atas talian yang cekap dan hotel
Ciri tanpa • Mengekalkan kestabilan tingkat harga
kasut baharu dulu ya. bertaraf antarabangsa bagi menarik para
huraian umum
• Mencapai tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi pelancong dari luar negara.
berterusan Jelaskan bagaimana ibu Maryam menyelesaikan masalah
• Membaiki imbangan pembayaran ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh keluarganya. [4 markah] • Infrastrukur pengangkutan yang baik (fakta)
Negara yang mempunyai rantaian pengangkutan
Terangkan/ Jelaskan kos sosial yang akan ditanggung *Kata kunci soalan ini adalah “masalah ekonomi” dan iaitu satu siri aktiviti logistik yang mengurus cara
Jelaskan akibat daripada pertambahan penggunaan “keluarga”. Ini bermakna murid perlu jelaskan ketiga- pengangkutan dan terminal seperti sistem
Beri fakta kenderaan bermotor. [3 markah] tiga masalah ekonomi yang dihadapi oleh isi rumah. pengangkutan jalan, rel, maritim dan udara yang
serta huraian/ menyambungkan rantaian penawaran di
contoh Penggunaan kenderaan bermotor Ibu Maryam menghadapi masalah kekurangan pendapatan/ peringkat antarabangsa.
menyebabkan: wang. Ibu Maryam perlu membuat pilihan untuk membeli kasut
• Pembebasan asap menyebabkan baharu/baju baharu yang memberi kepuasan yang Soalan 5
pencemaran udara maksimum. Kos lepas bagi ibu Maryam adalah baju baharu Gambar di bawah menunjukkan suatu fenomena yang
• Meningkatkan kos hidup iaitu barang kedua terbaik yang terpaksa dilepaskan. berlaku dalam negara.
• Perbelanjaan untuk perubatan meningkat
• Kesesakan lalulintas
Soalan 2
“Keluk kemungkinan pengeluaran menunjukkan had
Huraian Huraikan dua fungsi wang. [6 markah]
maksimum tingkat pengeluaran yang dapat dicapai oleh sebuah
Beri satu • Alat perantaraan pertukaran [fakta]
fakta dan • Untuk membeli barang dan perkhidmatan ekonomi dengan menggunakan faktor pengeluaran yang ada
banyak [huraian]/tidak memerlukan kehendak dan tingkat teknologi tertentu.” [6 markah]
huraian serentak [huraian]/Contoh
• Alat ukururan nilai [fakta] Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, lukiskan pembentukan keluk
• Mengukur nilai dalam sebutan harga kemungkinan pengeluaran (KKP).
[huraian]/Contoh
Syarat pemarkahan Kadar penggunaan
Kadar penggunaan kenderaan bermotordidi
kenderaan bermotor jalan
jalan raya
raya
• Calon mesti membina jadual KKP telah
telah menunjukkan berlakunya
menunjukkan berlakunya peningkatan
peningkatan yangyang
Bagaimanakah Bagaimanakah bank pusat melalui surat
Langkah/cara/ jaminan kerajaan mengawal inflasi? • Keluk KKP amat besaramat
pada besar pada masa kini.
masa kini.
tindakan dan [5 markah] • Nilai menurun berada di paksi Y dan nilai meningkat di
kesan • Menjual surat jaminan kerajaan [1 paksi X. (Barang A –­ X, Barang B – Y)
markah] Apakah maksud kos sosial dalam konteks ekonomi?
• Menyebabkan bank perdagagan kurang Kombinasi Barang A Barang B
[2 markah]
mampu memberi pinjaman [1 markah] pengeluaran (unit) (unit)
Kos sosial merupakan kesan eksternaliti negatif kepada
• Pinjaman orang ramai berkurang [1 P 0 22 pihak ketiga iaitu kos kepada pihak ketiga yang tidak
markah] termasuk dalam harga pasaran.
• Penawaran wang dalam ekonomi Q 5 21
berkurang [1 markah] R 10 19 Contoh: Pembuangan sisa toksik kilang ke dalam sungai
• Kuasa beli masyarakat berkurang [1 S 15 15 menyebabkan pencemaran alam sekitar.
markah]
• Permintaan terhadap barang dan T 20 0
Jelaskan kos sosial yang akan ditanggung akibat daripada
perkhidmatan berkurang [1 markah]
• Harga barang dan perkhidmatan jatuh [1 fenomena di atas. [3 markah]
markah] Soalan 3
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan permintaan dan penawaran bagi Penggunaan kenderaan bermotor menyebabkan:
Bersetujukah Puan Amalin bercadang untuk memilih tepung gandum. • Pembebasan asap menyebabkan pencemaran
anda?/ pekerjaan yang berhampiran dengan udara
Harga Kuantiti diminta Kuantiti ditawar • Meningkatkan kos hidup
Wajarkah? rumahnya tanpa mengambil kira upah yang (RM) (unit) (unit)
Nyatakan akan diterima. • Perbelanjaan untuk perubatan meningkat
pendirian anda 4.00 200 110 • Kesesakan lalulintas
sama ada “ya” Adakah anda bersetuju dengan tindakan Puan 4.25 175 130
atau “tidak” Amalin? Berikan alasan [2 markah] Soalan 6
4.50 150 150 Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan nilai keanjalan bagi dua
Hitungkan 1 langkah = 1 markah 4.75 125 170 jenis barang
Tunjukkan jalan 5.00 100 190
kira yang Barang Pekali keanjalan harga permintaan
lengkap
(i) Nyatakan harga dan kuantiti keseimbangan [2 markah] P 0.6
Bezakan Lukis jadual atau guna perkataan “manakala” Harga keseimbangan RM4.50 Q 1.5
dalam ayat jawapan Kuantiti keseimbangan 150 unit

SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
Jelaskan jenis keanjalan bagi barang P dan barang Q
[2 markah]
BARANG P
Tidak anjal
• Peratus perubahan harga melebihi peratus
perubahan kuantiti diminta
• Nilai keanjalan kurang dari 1 (Ed < 1)
• Keluk lebih curam
• Terdiri daripada barang keperluan
BARANG Q
Anjal
• Peratus perubahan harga kurang daripada
peratus perubahan kuantiti diminta
• Nilai keanjalan lebih dari 1 (Ed > 1)
• Keluk lebih landai
• Terdiri daripada barang kehendak/mewah
*Murid perlu lihat pada nilai keanjalan yang diberikan
dan yang wajib diingati ialah % perubahan bagi kuantiti
dan harga.
Soalan 7
Gambar di bawah menunjukkan perbualan Cik Lily dengan
penjual kereta.
Jika Cik Lily membeli kereta tersebut secara kredit,
berapakah jumlah faedah yang dikenakan dan bayaran
ansuran setiap bulan? [5 markah]
Bayaran pendahuluan 10% x RM50,000 = RM5,000
Baki selepas pendahuluan = RM45,000
Faedah 3% setahun x RM45,000 = RM1,350
Jumlah faedah dikenakan (RM1,350 x 7 tahun) = RM9,450
Jumlah keseluruhan pinjaman
= (9,450 + 45,000) = RM54,450
Jumlah ansuran bulanan
=RM54,450/84 bulan = RM648.21
Rumus Asas yang perlu dihafal : Jumlah faedah : Pokok (nilai
pinjaman asal) x kadar x tempoh.
BAHAGIAN B
Maklumat di bawah berkaitan dengan Indeks Harga
Pengguna
Indeks Harga Pengguna naik 3.9 peratus
Sumber: Berita Harian Online, Oct 26, 2017
(a) Berdasarkan situasi di atas, bagaimanakah keadaan ini
berlaku? [8 Markah]
Situasi diatas terjadi disebabkan oleh peningkatan
permintaan masyarakat. Situasi ini dinamakan inflasi
tarikan permintaan. Inflasi tarikan permintaan
merujuk kepada kenaikan tingkat harga umum apabila
permintaaan masyarakat terhadap barang dan
perkhidmatan meningkat melebihi penawarannya di
dalam pasaran.
Inflasi tarikan permintaan wujud apabila
peningkatan permintaan berlaku semasa ekonomi
negara berada pada tingkat guna tenaga penuh.
Ekonomi yang telah mencapai guna tenaga penuh
sukar menambahkan tingkat pengeluaran dengan cepat
untuk memenuhi permintaan yang melambung kerana
semua faktor tenaga buruh dan bahan mentah telah
digunakan sepenuhnya.
Lebihan permintaan terhadap sesuatu barang dan
perkhidmatan menyebabkan harga barang tersebut dalam
pasaran meningkat dan berlakunya inflasi tarikan
permintaan.
Punca kenaikan jumlah permintaan dalam inflasi tarikan
permintaan ialah peningkatan tingkat pendapatan dan
penambahan penawaran wang.
Peningkatan tingkat pendapatan akan meningkatkan
kuasa beli pengguna. Pengguna cenderung untuk berbelanja
dengan lebih banyak. Oleh itu, jumlah permintaan dalam
sesebuah ekonomi akan meningkat. Peningkatan tingkat
pendapatan pengguna biasanya berlaku pada masa
pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi.
Pertambahan penawaran wang dalam pasaran
disebabkan oleh perbelanjaan kerajaan secara berlebihan
dan proses penciptaan kredit yang pesat oleh bank
perdagangan. Bekalan wang yang banyak di pasaran akan
meningkatkan kuasa beli pengguna dan seterusnya jumlah
permintaan dalam ekonomi akan meningkat.
Rajah dibawah menunjukkan kenaikan harga apabila
berlaku lebihan permintaan pasaran. (Murid dapat melukis
rajah perubahan keluk permintaan.)
Markah 6–8
• Pelajar melukis rajah inflasi tarikan DD dan punca
berlaku secara ringkas.
• Pelajar dapat melukis rajah. Pada rajah yang sama
pelajar dapat melukis peralihan keluk DD.
• Huraian tepat/lengkap.
SOALAN 8
Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan kadar pertukaran antara
Ringgit Malaysia dengan Dolar Amerika.
1USD = RM3.00
1USD = RM3.80
1USD = RM5.00
Berdasarkan maklumat diatas, tunjukkan penentuan kadar
pertukaran asing antara Ringgit Malaysia dengan Dolar Amerika
melalui gambar rajah. [6 markah]
Jawapan yang diperlukan:
0
H1 – Pertukaran asing merujuk kepada mata wang negara lain
yang dimiliki oleh sesebuah negara.
H2 – Kadar pertukaran asing ditentukan melalui interaksi antara
permintaan dan penawaran mata wang asing dalam pasaran
pertukaran asing.
H3 – Keluk permintaan (DD) bersilang dengan keluk penawaran
(SS)/Keseimbangan kadar pertukaran asing.
H4 – Pada titik E (USD1.00 = RM3.80/Q0)
H5 – Jika kadar pertukaran meningkat menjadi USD1.00
= RM5.00, nilai RM mengalami kejatuhan. • Penawaran meningkat
H6 – Keadaan ini sebagai lebihan penawaran USD sebanyak
Q1Q2.
H7 – Kadar pertukaran cenderung turun sehingga mencapai
keseimbangan semula pada titik E iaitu keluk DD bersilang
dengan keluk SS pada kadar USD1.00 = RM3.80.
H8 – Jika kadar pertukaran menurun menjadi USD1.00 = RM3.00,
nilai RM mengalami kenaikan.
H9 – Keadaan ini sebagai lebihan permintaan USD sebanyak
Q1Q2.
H10 – Kadar pertukaran cenderung naik sehingga mencapai
kesimbangan semula pada titik E iaitu keluk DD bersilang
dengan keluk SS pada kadar USD1.00 = RM3.80.
Ciri pemarkahan:
* Paksi x menunjukkan kuantiti dolar USD
* Paksi y menunjukkan RM/USD
* Titik keseimbangan
* Keluk DD
* Keluk SS
* Tandaan kuantiti dolar
* Tandaan RM/USD
* Tandaan lebihan permintaan dan penawaran
* Anak panah RM meningkat
* Anak panah RM jatuh
Acing Your SPM 2018 9
SOALAN 9
Maklumat di bawah berkaitan dengan isu yang dihadapi
oleh penuntut Malaysia di luar negara.
Ringgit merudum, pelajar Malaysia
di luar negara tertekan
KUALA LUMPUR: Kejatuhan nilai ringgit dikhuatiri bukan
sahaja memberi kesan segera kepada beberapa pihak
seperti komuniti pelajar Malaysia di luar negara. Ini
memandangkan ramai kalangan pelajar yang menuntut ke
luar negara dengan biaya sendiri bertindak menangguhkan
pembayaran yuran semata-mata untuk menunggu nilai
ringgit kembali pulih. Sejarah matawang ringgit jatuh ke
paras terendah pada Isnin ke paras sebelum ia ditambat
dengan dolar Amerika pada September 1998. Ringgit
ditambat pada 3.80 sedolar Amerika ketika krisis
kewangan Asia. Tambatan itu berakhir pada Julai 2005.
Para penganalisis ekonomi menyuarakan kebimbangan
akan berulangnya situasi sama seperti yang berlaku
semasa krisis kewangan Asia 1997-98, yang menyaksikan
ramai pelajar Malaysia di luar negara terpaksa akur
dengan tekanan kewangan dan pulang dengan tangan
kosong.
Sumber: Ubahsuai Berita Harian, Jun 1, 2017
Kejatuhan Ringgit Malaysia yang berterusan bukan sahaja
memberi kesan kepada golongan pelajar diluar negara,
malah kesannya juga kepada ekonomi negara. Bincangkan.
[8 markah]
Tahap 1 [1–3 markah]
• Mendefinisikan maksud tetapi tidak tepat
• Menyenaraikan kesan kepada satu unit ekonomi
sahaja (isi rumah/firma/kerajaan)
• Memberi kesan satu sisi sahaja (positif/negatif) secara
umum
Tahap 2 [4–6 markah]
• Mendefinisikan maksud dengan tepat
• Menerangkan kesan kepada dua unit ekonomi sahaja
(isi rumah dan firma/isirumah dan kerajaan/firma dan
kerajaan)
• Memberi kesan satu sisi sahaja (positif/negatif) secara
mendalam tetapi tidak tepat
Tahap 3 [7–8 markah]
• Pemahaman yang mendalam tentang maksud
• Menerangkan kesan kepada ketiga-tiga unit ekonomi
(isi rumah, firma dan kerajaan) secara mendalam
• Memberi kesan satu kedua-dua sisi (positif/negatif)
secara mendalam
• Ada pendahuluan, rumusan dan lontaran idea yang
baik dan berkesan tentang kesan kepada ekonomi
Contoh jawapan:
Kesan positif
a) Isi rumah
• Menanam sifat berhemah dalam perbelanjaan
• Lebih patriotik/Beli barangan buatan Malaysia/Cinta
akan negara
• Memilih pusat pengajian dalam negara/Elak
pengaliran keluar matawang asing
b) Firma
• Menggunakan sumber dalam negara/Elak pengaliran
keluar matawang asing
• Menghargai sumber/Buruh tempatan
• Bersifat kreatif dan inovatif
• Permintaan keatas keluaran tempatan meningkat
• Keuntungan meningkat
c) Kerajaan
• Perbelanjaan berhemah/Bajet berhemah
• Jumlah eksport bertambah
• Jumlah import berkurang
Kesan negatif
a) Isi rumah
• Perbelanjaan meningkat
• Kos hidup meningkat
• Taraf hidup jatuh
b) Firma
• Perbelanjaan ke atas kos pengeluaran (import)
meningkat
• Sumber/Buruh tempatan yang tidak sesuai dengan
pengeluaran
• Kurang
c) Kerajaan
• Jumlah nilai eksport jatuh
• Jumlah cukai jatuh
• Pengaliran keluar wang meningkat
• Keuntungan meningkat
• Beban kewangan/Hutang negara meningkat
• Imej negara jatuh
• Imej pemerintah jatuh
• Kestabilan politik terancam
10 Acing Your SPM 2018 SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018

FOR Cambridge A-Levels (CAL)

student Vythilingam Siva
Shanmugam, his time at Taylor’s
College allowed him to get the
grounding he needed to get into his
dream university – University of
Cambridge.
The shy teenager comes to life
when talking about his interests,
especially the sciences.
“I have always enjoyed learning
about science such as how the
different components of the
human body interact with one
another to ensure optimal health.
Besides that, I enjoy giving back to
the community and always look at
how I can help people.
“Therefore, it is only natural that
I choose medicine as my career. I
believe that pursuing the study of
medicine will continue to challenge
my knowledge potential
throughout my professional life,”
he says.
Vythilingam, who is an alumnus
of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan
Sultan Abdul Samad in Petaling
Jaya, shares that his life was not
just about achieving outstanding
results in his studies, but also

Avenue to the world’s

exploring his interest in sports.
“I love sports – both the physical
and online varieties. I have tried
my hand at a few sports but feel
like my calling is in futsal, chess,

table tennis and cricket, the last of
which is relatively unknown
except among avid fans of the
sport,” says the younger of two
siblings.
Vythilingam’s brother, who is
only a year older, also studied at
Taylor’s College. Their shared
experience brought the two
brothers closer.
“It was fun to be able to share
this experience with my brother.
Growing up, we were always close
and this experience allowed us to
appreciate the benefits of receiving
a quality pre-university education
as well as the effect it has on our
university applications,” says
Vythilingam.
Support and guidance
During his time at Taylor’s
College, Vythilingam was able to
nurture his love for the sciences by
participating in competitions and
helping his peers with their
assignments.
“My mathematics teacher Mr Lai
Wing Kean and chemistry teacher
Ms Kwek Saw Lian encouraged me
to participate in competitions to
gain wider exposure in my subject
areas. I owe my success in
competitions to them.
“Furthermore, I attribute my
achievements to Mr Balachandran
Palaniandy for his continued
guidance and moral support in
helping me to not only grow my
confidence and knowledge but also
make my résumé more impressive,
which contributed to my successful
application to University of
Cambridge.
Amir Irfan Mohamad Hishammudin (centre), former CAL student who is
currently studying at Brown University, the US.
best universities
If there is a will,
there is a way –
I am a testimony
to that. Just think
out of the box
and work hard to
enter your dream
university.
Vythilingam Siva Shanmugam
“I am grateful that I was able to
make such good friends at Taylor’s
College. These friends stood by my
side and cheered me on when I
was looking for ways to source
funds for my studies after learning
that I had gained acceptance into
the university. I would not have
ventured into a media campaign
and crowdfunding exercise if not
for the support of my family and
friends.
“Mr Hariandra Muthu was also
instrumental in helping me enter
my dream university as he advised
me on how to go about doing so.
Without support from him and my
friends, I would not have had the
courage to bring my story to the
Campus director Josephine Tan (fifth from left) and academic staff of Taylor’s College with Vythilingam (fourth from
left).
wider Malaysian community. That
saw me being contacted by a
representative of my current
benefactor,” says Vythilingam.
He is thankful that he never gave
up on his childhood dream to study
at University of Cambridge even
when it seemed out of reach.
“Until you know for sure that
there is absolutely no way left to
achieve your goal, always keep
trying. Do not let naysayers or even
a major factor like financing
influence your decision to apply to
the top universities.
“If there is a will, there is a way –
I am a testimony to that. Just think
out of the box and work hard to
enter your dream university,” says
Vythilingam.
University of choice
Since its inception in 1969,
Taylor’s College has provided a
platform for countless Malaysian
youth to reach their full potential.
As a pioneer in pre-university
studies in Malaysia, Taylor’s College
takes its responsibility in giving
students the best head start very
seriously.
The importance of providing the
right start through a holistic
approach to teaching, strong
student support and helping
students gain placements in
universities of their choice cannot
be overstated.
Taylor’s College has a track
record that is second to none in
preparing graduates to gain
admission to the finest universities
in the United Kingdom, the United
States, Australia and other
countries across the world.
Amir Irfan Mohamad
Hishammudin, another student
from the CAL programme,
shares that an added advantage
of studying at Taylor’s College is
the assistance provided by its
University Placement Services
(UPS) Centre. Amir found that
the process of applying to
universities was a lot smoother
thanks to the experienced UPS
personnel.
“They helped translate all
required documents during
application season and were
always there to point out mistakes
in my application,” says the JPA
scholarship recipient. Amir
secured a spot at Brown University
– a US Ivy League institution.
Amir says that even though he
was enrolled in a UK-based pre-
university programme, he was able
to gain entry to a US university
thanks to his active involvement in
extracurricular activities.
“Universities in the US look for
people who are just as involved in
extracurricular activities as they
are in their studies. The tips on
time management that I picked up
while at Taylor’s College allowed
me to be actively involved in
activities inside and outside the
classroom.
“It is precisely for that balanced
approach that I was able to get into
Brown University. I believe that my
time at Taylor’s College will stand
me in good stead in future as it has
prepared me well for university
life.
“Although I deemed the course
to be academically challenging at
first, I discovered that knowing the
A-Levels syllabus made it easier for
me to study for my SATs,” says
Amir.
Taylor’s College offers the
Cambridge A-Levels and SACE
International (previously South
Australian Matriculation)
programmes at Taylor’s Lakeside
Campus.
n For more information on the
CAL and SACE International
programmes offered by Taylor’s
College, visit college.taylors.edu.my
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018 11
12 Acing Your SPM 2018
Cultivating business-
minded individuals
AIMST University’s Faculty of Business and
Management (FBM) acknowledges that it is
no longer business as usual, with
globalisation and digitalisation having
irreversibly affected the business landscape.
The FBM’s “cultivating minds” approach
extends beyond the classroom in the form of
coaching and mentoring designed with each
student’s learning abilities and interests in
mind.
Delivered by industry experts, this
approach assists students in transitioning to
their chosen careers. The FBM further
expands students’ horizons by regularly
exposing them to the global landscape.
This is primarily done through
international collaborations and semester
exchange programmes with several
international universities, including
Kanagawa University, Japan, and PSG
Institute of Management, India.
The following are testimonials from
several 2017 FBM graduates.
l Shireen Yong (BSc Finance &
Management), who now works at Maybank,
says, “I had a wonderful experience under
FBM. The lecturers and mentors were
professional and kind in assisting me with
my learning. I would say that I gained most
in terms of decision-making and problem-
solving abilities, which I find very useful in
my work today.”
l Kesshigeen Kumar (BSc Finance &
Management), who obtained a position with
Tesco, says, “FBM is truly passionate about
creating tomorrow’s leaders by providing
students with a platform to develop
leadership and soft skills to face the real
world. Lecturers go above and beyond the
call of duty to relate the outside world to our
syllabus. I couldn’t have asked for a better
place to study than this one, where educators
are concerned about students’ welfare and
not just academic performance.”
l Jay Lim Chun Chew (BSc Marketing
& Management), who became an
entrepreneur, says, “I feel that FBM is one
big family. Our lecturers and mentors always
looked after us and I could go talk to them
when I needed assistance, which is why I
keep in touch with them. This support has
definitely helped me come up with ideas for
my business.”
FBM offers five undergraduate
programmes – the BSc (Hons) Finance &
Management, BSc (Hons) Business &
Marketing, BSc (Hons) Accounting and
Finance, BSc (Hons) Management
Information System, and BSc (Hons) Internal
Auditing & Management – which are
licensed by the Education Ministry and
accredited by the Malaysian Qualifications
Agency.
n For more information, visit AIMST
University’s campus in Kedah or call 019-644
7042/012-404 1592/04-429 8108.
Be prepared for
undergrad study
“THE most important takeaway from my
experience in the Foundation in Arts (FIA)
programme was the lifestyle, not the
academics. I believe that the programme
helped prepare me for my degree, especially
when it came to learning time management
skills,” says Jared Chong Tze Meng, former
FIA student at Sunway College.
According to Chong, the best part of the
FIA experience was the opportunity to meet
people from different states and cultural
backgrounds. He also shares that he found
the workload challenging.
“One day you’re free and the next, you
have multiple assignments to complete. It
was a challenge to learn how to balance my
workload and allocate time appropriately,”
he says.
As president of the Sunway Foundation
Programme, Chong shares that the role
greatly benefited his holistic growth.
“It challenged me to better manage my
time between studies, extracurricular
responsibilities and social life beyond the
programme. Furthermore, it sharpened my
leadership skills in connecting with people
and building teamwork. These are life skills
that are applicable not only in the present
but my future as well, especially in work,” he
says.
His advice to FIA students is, “Consistency
is important, especially since the programme
structure features numerous assignments
and tests. Being consistent can help alleviate
procrastination and stress.
“Another important skill is time
management. The most essential thing while
studying the FIA is to manage your time
wisely so that you can achieve a balance
between activities.
“Lastly, it is important to have a resilient
and curious attitude. Always go beyond the
status quo and ask the lecturers what you
can do to improve.
“Furthermore, if you hit a rough patch,
keep going. I believe that resilience can bring
you far. As Winston Churchill once said,
‘Success is going from failure to failure
without losing enthusiasm.’
“I believe that as students, we should look
beyond academics. Yes, academic
performance is important, but it is not
everything. The FIA is the perfect platform
for you to discover yourself.
“Meet new people, try new things,
share stories with your lecturers
(they can be amazing friends) and
of course, enjoy yourself. Trust me,
you will come out of this
programme smarter and with
experience and memories.”
When asked whether he would
recommend the FIA programme to
school-leavers, Chong exclaims,
“Of course! The FIA
programme has so
much to offer.
Beyond the
academic structure
of the programme,
the FIA lifestyle
plays a key role
in one’s holistic
developmental
growth. The
humility of
the lecturers
and their
willingness
Jared Chong
Tze Meng.
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
I believe that as
students, we should look
beyond academics. Yes,
academic performance
is important, but it is not
everything. The FIA is
the perfect platform for
you to discover yourself.
Meet new people, try new
things, share stories with
your lecturers (they can
be amazing friends) and
of course, enjoy yourself.
Trust me, you will come
out of this programme
smarter and with
experience and
memories.
Jared Chong Tze Meng
to lend a helping hand never cease to amaze
me.”
The former student of St Paul’s Institution,
Negri Sembilan, was a recipient of the Jeffrey
Cheah Entrance Scholarship for his studies at
Sunway College. He went on to receive the
Jeffrey Cheah Continuing Scholarship and is
enrolled in the BSc (Hons) Accounting and
Finance at Sunway University.
“I chose the BSc (Hons) Accounting
Finance for two reasons. First, I enjoyed
accounting in secondary school and FIA.
Second, I believe this programme will
provide me with a wide range of options and
skill sets for the corporate world.”
“The BSc (Hons) Accounting and Finance is
a different ball game from FIA. Assignments
and tests are much tougher and the studying
lifestyle is slightly different as it requires a
lot of self-initiative.
“Furthermore, the intensity of the
syllabus is on an entirely new level
compared to the FIA programme.
However, I enjoy the challenge and it
only drives me to be better. I can
confidently say that I am happy with
where I am and what I am studying.”
The FIA is one of two foundation
programmes offered at Sunway College.
The FIA and Foundation in Science and
Technology are Sunway College’s
homegrown programmes and
direct pathways to
undergraduate courses
at Sunway University.
Sunway College’s
foundation
programmes
emphasise the
importance of
holistic
development in
numerical and
communication skills
through structured subjects
in mathematics and English.
Students also take specialist
electives such as Information
Technology, Accounting and
enrichment electives such as
Culture and Ideas and Critical
Thinking Skills that offer them
exposure to multidisciplinary
thinking and analysis.
n Look out for the advertisement
in this StarSpecial.
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
Ready to take
on the world
EPSOM College in Malaysia’s (ECiM) 2018
school-leavers are set for international
success. With great grades in hand, each one
is primed to attend a renowned university of
his or her choice.
It has been a great summer for ECiM, what
with 73.8% of its students achieving A* to B
grades across the board and 35% of the 2018
group achieving at least three A* or A grades
in the A-Levels.
A global education
ECiM students attend universities all over
the world. This year, 79% of ECiM’s school-
leavers will be heading to the United
Kingdom for their tertiary studies at
reputable institutions such as Imperial
College London, University College London,
University of Warwick, University of
Nottingham, University of Southampton
and The University of Manchester.
Some are heading to Australia and the
United States for further study. A few
students will be studying computer
science at the prestigious University of
Washington.
Passion and ambition
ECiM knows that learning should be
approached with passion, so its students are
encouraged to pursue subjects that reflect
their talents and interests.
This year, its graduating class was
evenly split between Science and Arts &
Humanities students.
Several ECiM students opted to undergo
the Extended Project Qualification, in which
75% of them obtained an A* or A grade.
Some chose to complete the qualification
with a 5,000-word essay while others
produced an artefact and a 1,000-word
essay. All of them found success with their
university applications. The most popular
subject among ECiM students for the second
year running was economics, followed by
computer science, architecture and law.
Many ECiM students have gone on
to pursue engineering courses in the many
avenues that the discipline can lead to,
from mechatronics to biomedical
engineering.
The school is thrilled to see the paths
that are formed from students’ early
interests.
ECiM is proud that 27% of its students
earned spots on courses ranked among the
ECiM students did extremely well in their A-Levels this year and most are pursuing further study
at renowned institutions overseas.
Acing Your SPM 2018 13
ECiM knows that
learning should be
approached with
passion, so its students
are encouraged to
pursue subjects that
reflect their talents and
interests. This year, its
graduating class was
evenly split between
Science and Arts &
Humanities students.
top 10 in the UK.
Extra experience
There is a well-established tradition
of students in the UK taking gap years.
Most universities report that between 10%
and 30% of their students have taken gap
years.
The trend is growing in the US, where
the number of students opting to take a gap
year has grown by 20% over the last few
years.
It is the same at ECiM – four of its
school-leavers have made the decision to
take a gap year before enrolling in
university.
They intend to use the time to pursue
internships and work placements to gain
valuable real-world experience (and a
financial boost) before heading back into the
academic world.
Whether they are headed to a new
city, country or workplace, ECiM
supports its 2018 school-leavers in their
endeavours and wishes them the very best
of luck.
With a solid educational foundation and
appreciation for hard work, success will
await them at every new chapter.
n For more information, call 06-240 4188,
e-mail enquiries@epsomcollege.edu.my or
visit www.epsomcollege.edu.my
14 Acing Your SPM 2018
Study hacks
for exam success
WITH the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM)
examination almost knocking on your doors,
it is time to get down to some serious
studying.
This does not mean locking yourself in
your room and spending sleepless nights
poring over your textbooks and notes,
because when it comes to working hard
versus working smart, the latter will take
you further.
By working smart, you can get better
results without wearing yourself out in the
process. Here are some smart study hacks to
help you surge ahead in the final leg of your
SPM preparation.
Chew your way to glory
Who could have guessed that the simple
act of chewing a gum while studying can
help you concentrate better?
More than one study have proven the
effectiveness of chewing a gum while
studying, with the latest one being done by a
group of psychologists from St Lawrence
University, the United States.
The experiment involved 159 students
who were asked to perform some
demanding perceptive tasks. The ones who
were given chewing gums (sugar-free as
well as with sugar) when performing the
tasks outperformed those who were not
given any gums.
As sugar had no effect on their
performance, the increased concentration
is linked to the act of chewing. Scientists
suggest that the enhanced performance
is due to “mastication-induced
arousal”.
Therefore, make
gums part of your study
essentials and chew all
you want while doing
your revision.
Teach to reach
your goal
Teaching is one of the
best ways to get a good
grasp of any topic. If
you are
wondering
why, try
teaching
a topic
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
Teaching is one of
the best ways to get a
good grasp of any topic.
If you are wondering
why, try teaching a topic
to someone who knows
nothing about it and
realise how much more
attention you have to give
to the topic.
to someone who knows nothing about it and
realise how much more attention you have
to give to the topic.
Oftentimes, we tend to overlook minute
details within a topic because when
studying, we comprehend just enough to
help us get by in a test.
On the other hand, teaching calls for
getting to the root of the topic. You cannot
effectively explain a topic to someone for as
long as you do not thoroughly understand it
yourself.
That is exactly what examiners look for in
your answer sheets – how well you can
explain what you know.
A system for long-term memory
One of the best techniques for
memorising is to create mnemonics. For
example, to remember the names of the
nine planets, a commonly used
mnemonic is My Very Educated Mother
Just Showed Us Nine Planets, which
stands for Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and
Pluto.
Mnemonics can be applied to any
set of words, phrases or ideas that
requires assistance to remember. You can
find examples on the Internet or get
creative and form your own.
Having a mnemonic
for a list or sequence of
things you need to
memorise would help
you better recall them
in the examination
hall.
> SEE NEXT PAGE
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
Practice makes perfect
> FROM PREVIOUS PAGE
The more you repeat doing something, the
better you will get at it. Besides revising your
notes, it is important to practise answering
examination questions. Find past-year
examination papers to answer, treat them
like a real test and give yourself a time limit
to answer each paper.
By practising this way, you would not
only be able to keep tabs on the amount of
time you are taking to complete a paper, but
also identify which section you need to work
on.
You would also be less stressed when
you sit for the real examination, because
you would already be a pro in allocating
time to optimally answer every section of a
paper.
Train your mind to keep calm
Examinations are stressful, especially
major ones such as SPM. However, stressing
up or panicking in the examination hall
would only work against you, making you
lose precious time that you could have used
to write down your answers.
So why not train your mind to stay calm?
One of the ways to achieve this is by
meditating. Apart from relaxing your mind,
meditation also helps increase your
concentration.
According to a study titled The effect
of meditation on brain structure: cortical
thickness mapping and diffusion
tensor imaging published in the Social
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience journal,
meditation can improve various cognitive
processes, particularly sustained attention.
The trick is to train your mind to focus.
Start by meditating for a few minutes and
increase it to about a half hour every day.
If you keep at it, you will see the positive
effect it has on your memory and
concentration.
Give your brain a break
Studying smart means understanding that
your brain is not a machine that can operate
Acing Your SPM 2018 15
According to a
study titled The effect
of meditation on brain
structure: cortical thickness
mapping and diffusion
tensor imaging published
in the Social Cognitive and
Affective Neuroscience
journal, meditation can
improve various cognitive
processes, particularly
sustained attention.
without breaks. Your mind needs sleep to
allow it to assimilate all the information you
have crammed into it.
Without sufficient rest, you would find
yourself tired and forgetting even the
simplest things when studying. Hence,
instead of staying up late every night to
study, optimise your daytime for studying so
you can reward yourself with a good night’s
rest.
Keep your mind from wandering
If you cannot seem to control yourself
from reaching out for your phone every now
and then when you are supposed to be
studying, take the help of the many self-
control apps available online.
These apps can block or limit time spent
on websites or apps that are most distracting
to you, essentially ridding you of the
temptation to check on your friends’ social
media activity every five minutes.
By studying smart in the last few days
leading up to your examination, you would
be gifting yourself a bright future full of
possibilities.
16 Acing Your SPM 2018
Building a foundation
CURTIN University Malaysia’s (Curtin
Malaysia) one-year Foundation in Arts
(Media) programme introduces students to
the fundamentals of mass communication
before they embark on the university’s
three-year Bachelor of Arts in Mass
Communication.
They are encouraged to actively learn,
experiment and experience as well as
develop knowledge and skills in effective
spoken, written and graphic communication
in a tertiary context.
The Foundation in Arts (Media), which is
accredited by the Higher Education Ministry
and Malaysian Qualifications Agency,
comprises two streams – Corporate Screen
Production and Journalism.
It includes units that are common to all
foundation programmes at Curtin Malaysia,
such as effective communication and writing
and research skills, in addition to media and
communication units relating to journalism,
information technology, travel writing,
photography, screen production and visual
culture.
Curtin Malaysia’s deputy pro-vice-
chancellor Prof Beena Giridharan says that
the university’s foundation courses provide a
solid foundation for students to adapt to
university education more confidently.
“They are provided with a wide range of
academic support designed to enhance
student development and leadership, and
teaching staff are highly skilled and
experienced academics who encourage
active and innovative learning,” explains
Prof Beena.
As of this year, Curtin Malaysia’s
Foundation in Arts (Media), Foundation in
Engineering and Science, and Foundation in
Commerce are offered on a trimester basis.
The November intake is in progress.
Students who achieve satisfactory results
in the foundation programmes are
guaranteed places in related degree
programmes, which are identical to those
offered at Curtin’s main campus in Perth and
affordable as students are charged local fees.
The degrees they earn at Curtin Malaysia
are awarded by the main campus. Students
can choose to complete their degrees at the
main campus or any of the other Curtin
international campuses in Singapore, Dubai
and Mauritius.
For school-leavers with outstanding Sijil
Pelajaran Malaysia, O-Level, Unified
Examination Certificate, Sijil Tinggi
Persekolahan Malaysia or A-Levels results,
a quality Australian education at Curtin
Malaysia can be even more affordable with
Curtin Malaysia Foundation Scholarships
and Curtin Malaysia Merit Scholarships. Full
details can be obtained at scholarships.
curtin.edu.my
Prospective students can visit the Curtin
Malaysia campus for walk-in enquiries with
student recruitment staff between 9am and
5pm on weekdays and from 9am to 1pm on
Saturdays. They are advised to bring their
examination results for assessment and
on-the-spot applications.
n For more information on Curtin Malaysia,
visit www.curtin.edu.my
Learn how to teach
MANAGEMENT & Science University (MSU)
offers school-leavers quality preparatory
courses for direct entry to the university’s
range of bachelor’s degree programmes.
MSU offers foundation programmes in
seven specialisations – science biology/health
science, information technology, law,
business, engineering and technology, visual
arts, and Teaching English as a Second
Language (TESL).
Designed to ensure preparedness for
bachelor’s-level studies, the programmes
help students develop important study skills
and improve language proficiency, cultural
awareness and subject knowledge.
If you have a keen interest in teaching,
especially in TESL, the Foundation in TESL at
MSU is a good option to start with.
This programme is aimed at providing
students with solid grounding in the English
language and basics of education theory and
practice. The course comprises development
of core language skills such as reading,
writing, speaking and listening within the
scopes of grammar, literature, education and
culture.
Upon completion of the programme,
successful candidates can pursue the
Bachelor of Education (TESL) (Hons)
or Bachelor in English Language and
Literature Studies (Hons), which are offered
by MSU’s School of Education and Social
Sciences.
Alternatively, they can opt to further their
studies in related courses such as counselling
and guidance, early childhood education and
psychology.
MSU offers programmes in critical-need
areas such as medicine, health sciences,
pharmacy, information sciences and
engineering, business management and
professional studies, education and social
sciences, tourism and hospitality, music, and
fashion.
As a top international university in
Malaysia, MSU prioritises student
development in order to enhance graduate
employability. Its highly qualified academics
and international visiting professors support
a holistic curricular framework that delivers
compelling learning experiences.
Blending technical and vocational
education and training with traditional
academic curricula, MSU enhances student
competency with industry internship,
community and creative entrepreneurship,
and global exposure, equipping MSU
graduates with the well-roundedness desired
and sought after by employers.
MSU’s award-winning programmes
meet stringent standards set by local and
Highly accredited and regionally renowned, MSU gives foundation students a grounding that
helps them develop into industry-ready professionals.
SUNDAY STAR, 14 OCTOBER 2018
As a top international
university in Malaysia,
MSU prioritises student
development in order
to enhance graduate
employability. Its
highly qualified
academics and
international visiting
professors support
a holistic curricular
framework that delivers
compelling learning
experiences.
international bodies, including the Malaysian
Qualifications Agency, Accreditation Services
for International Schools, Colleges &
Universities (the United Kingdom) and
Alliance on Business Education and
Scholarship for Tomorrow (Japan).
MSU was awarded five stars in five QS
Stars University Ratings categories –
teaching, facilities, graduate employability,
social responsibility and inclusiveness. In
addition, the university placed 217th in the
QS Asian University Rankings 2018, putting it
among the top 1.8% of all universities in the
region.
MSU was awarded 5 Star: Excellent
status in the Rating for Higher Education
Institutions in Malaysia 2017 and named
The Most Entrepreneurial Private University
2016 by the Higher Education Ministry.
It has received recognitions at the Putra
Brand Awards 2017, which was awarded by
the Association of Accredited Advertising
Agents Malaysia and endorsed by the
Malaysia External Trade Development
Corporation, and the Asia Pacific Elite of
Elites BrandLaureate Awards 2017, where it
was named the Best Brand in Education for
Leadership and Human Capital
Development.
n For details on MSU’s foundation and other
programmes offered in its coming intake,
call 03-5521 6868, e-mail enquiry@msu.edu.
my or visit www.msu.edu.my