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* Oils must be specifically formulated for gas engines using highly refined mineral oil base stocks. The ash requirements are a percentage by
weight with both metallic and ashless additive systems. A maximum of 0.10% zinc is recommended.
** Oil with 0.35% ash or less may be used in naturally aspirated and catalyst-equipped naturally aspirated or turbocharged engines with the
understanding that valve recession may occur, thus shortening the normally expected valve and seat life.
*** Use 1.0% ash oil for the VHP and AT engines only if needed due to higher than normal valve recession rates.
Do not confuse the concentration of these elements in NOTE: See Table 1 for lube oil sulfated ash
the exhaust gas flow AT THE CATALYST INLET with recommendations for Dresser Waukesha gas engine
the concentration of these elements in the lube oil models.
itself. Additions to the list of approved lube oils may be made
with substantiating data for a lube oil meeting the
LUBE OIL FILTRATION REQUIREMENTS following criteria:
The quality of oil filtration will directly affect engine • Used in similar applications with 212° – 265°F (100°
component life. Dresser Waukesha’s basic filtration – 129°C) jacket water temperatures.
requirement is 90% efficient at 15 microns for all full-
• A minimum of 6 months operation with documented
flow sock and paper elements, and 98% efficient at 25
engine inspection data.
microns for fiberglass disposable and cleanable full-
flow metal mesh elements. Mesh or screen sizes • No signs of lube oil degradation, carbon or
larger than 25 microns are not acceptable. lacquering problems (based on normal lube oil
change intervals, the engine should be clean).
Lube oil filter elements should be changed when the
lube oil is changed or when the pressure drop across
the lube oil filter exceeds values stated in specific
engine maintenance manuals.
Dresser Waukesha’s complete oil filter performance
specifications are shown in Dresser Waukesha
Standard Sheets S-08486 and S-08486-1. Always see
the latest available version.
Table 2: Recommended Lube Oils for Cogeneration Applications (Using Pipeline Quality Gas)
BRAND TYPE PERCENT OF SULFATED ASH
Chevron HDAX Low Ash SAE 40 0.50
Estor Super
Exxon Co. USA, SAE 40 0.45
Exxon Co. International
Estor Elite (Synthetic)
Esso Imperial Oil, SAE 20W40 0.45
Exxon Co. USA
Estor Select 40
Esso Imperial Oil, SAE 40 0.95
Exxon Co. USA
Mobil Pegasus 1 (Synthetic) SAE 15W40 0.51
Mobil Pegasus 1005 SAE 40 0.54
Mobil Pegasus 905 SAE 40 0.54
Mobil Pegasus 805 SAE 40 0.54
Mobil Pegasus 710 (89) SAE 40 0.94
Petro Canada, Sentron CG40 SAE 40 0.92
Petro Canada Sentron LD 5000 SAE 40 0.57
Roloil Mahler HA (USA)
Roloil Mogas - AC (Italy) SAE 40 0.90
Q8 Mahler HA (rest of world)
Roloil Mahler MA (USA)
Roloil Mogas (Italy) SAE 40 0.50
Q8 Mahler MA (rest of world)
Shell Mysella MA
SAE 40 0.90
SIPC (Outside USA only)
Shell Mysella XL SAE 40 0.50
Repsol YPF
SAE 40 0.50
Vectis LA-540
Citgo Pacemaker GEO 1640 SAE 40 0.50
Conoco Elmar LA4 EXD SAE 40 0.50
76 Triton 5005 EXD SAE 40 0.50
Valvoline GEO LA40 SAE 40 0.58
12V/18V 220GL INSTALLATIONS It is especially important that the lube oils used in
cogeneration applications utilize virgin base stocks
Dresser Waukesha does not ordinarily recommend with good thermal stability. The lube oils listed in
lube oils by brand name for specific products. Table 3 are known to give satisfactory performance in
However, based on actual field experience, the lube high-temperature cooling system applications.
oils listed in Table 3 are specified for all 220GL
installations.
Table 3: Recommended Lube Oils for All 220GL Applications (Using Pipeline Quality Gas)
SULPHATED ASH (%W)
SUPPLIER BRAND NAME TYPE
ASTM D 874
Nateria MH 40 SAE 40 0.45
Total Nateria P 405 SAE 40 0.42
Nateria X 405 (Synthetic) SAE 15W40 0.45
Mobil Pegasus 705 SAE 40 0.49
Mobil Pegasus 805 SAE 40 0.54
Exxon Mobil Mobil Pegasus 905 SAE 40 0.54
Mobil Pegasus 1005 SAE 40 0.54
Mobil Pegasus 1 (Synthetic) SAE 15W40 0.51
Mysella LA SAE 40 0.45
Shell Mysella XL SAE 40 0.50
Texaco Geotex LA SAE 40 0.45
Chevron HDAX LA SAE 40 0.50
Castrol Duratec L SAE 40 0.45
BP Energas NGL SAE 40 0.45
Idemitsu Appolloil GHP 40L SAE 40 0.45
Petro-Canada Sentron LD 5000 SAE 40 0.57
Contact Dresser Waukesha Application Engineering Alternative fuel sources are attracting increasing
for the potential for additions to the list of approved interest today as a low-cost fuel or because of their
220GL oils. environmental benefits. However, there are issues that
arise due to the sulfur compounds (H2S, etc.),
SOUR GAS, DIGESTER GAS, siloxanes and halide constituents in these fuels.
ALTERNATIVE FUEL GAS AND LANDFILL Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), siloxanes and total organic
GAS RECOMMENDATIONS halide as chloride (TOH/CI) bring with them totally
different challenges for the engine and lube oil. See
the current version of S-07884-7, Gaseous Fuel
! WARNING Specification for Waukesha Engines, for additional
information.
Dresser Waukesha assumes no
!
liability or responsibility for The use of landfill, digester or other waste gas makes
potential damage to the the selection of an engine lube oil, lube oil analysis
environment or any personal injury and lube oil drain intervals far too complicated to
caused by using landfill gases or address completely here because the lube oil
sour gases as fuel. It is the engine requirements change as the TOH/Cl level increases.
owner’s/customer’s sole Anyone operating with landfill, digester or other waste
responsibility to carefully analyze gas must review the current version of S-07884-7,
any fuel gases they choose to use. Gaseous Fuel Specification for Waukesha Engines, to
Use of these gases is at the fully understand the ramifications of operating an
owner’s/customer’s own risk. engine with that type of fuel gas.
!
the same as sulfur compounds.
The best approach to improving engine life cycle is to
filter out or absorb contaminants in the fuel gas before Therefore, the 30% TBN depletion
they reach the engine. There are various companies (50% TBN depletion on 220 GL
manufacturing and promoting gas filtration and engines) as an indicator of a
absorption processes. However, Dresser Waukesha change interval only applies to the
makes no endorsement of these products or services. applications where fuel gas does
Their performance is solely the responsibility of their not contain halides.
manufacturers.
The following lube oil recommendations will minimize RECOMMENDATION #3
corrosion problems normally encountered with fuel
gas containing H2S and TOH/CI: Increase the jacket water temperature to 210° – 235°F
(99° – 113°C) and lube oil temperature to 185° –
RECOMMENDATION #1 200°F (85° – 93°C). 275GL/GL+ and AT25/27GL
Select a gas engine lube oil with a high alkalinity series engines are limited to a maximum of 180°F
reserve, 7 to 13 TBN (Total Base Number). Alkalinity (82°C) lube oil temperature. 220GL series engines are
reserve in the lube oil is measured in TBN. The higher limited to a maximum of 212°F (100°C) jacket water
the TBN, the more reserve. outlet temperature, and 176°F (80°C) lube oil inlet
temperature. Increased temperatures will reduce
Contact your lube oil supplier for an appropriate condensation which will reduce the concentration of
choice. Also follow the appropriate ash content acids within the crankcase. High-temperature
percent by weight for the specific engine model. thermostats are available for most models.
Any question on lubricants to be used with alternative
fuel gases should be directed to the Field Service
Department or Sales Engineering Department prior to
selecting a lube oil.
LUBE OIL CONDEMNING LIMITS Lube oil condemning limits are established by the
engine manufacturer’s experience and/or used lube oil
testing. Laboratory testing, using the parameters
! WARNING shown in Table 5, will help determine the used lube
oil’s suitability for continued use.
Engine lube oil is extremely hot
and is under pressure. Use caution Before taking a lube oil sample, clean the sample
when sampling engine lube oil for outlet valve. This prevents any debris in the sample
analysis. outlet valve from contaminating the lube oil sample.
Draw the lube oil sample at engine operating
temperature before the full-flow lube oil filters.
Table 5: Used Lube Oil Testing and Recommended Condemnation Limits (Continued)
Natural gas fuel engine lube oil samples should be taken based on trend experience or @ 500 hours maximum
CONDEMNING LIMITS
STANDARD TEST
ANALYSIS METRICS ALL OTHER DRESSER
METHOD USED 12V/18V 220GL
WAUKESHA ENGINES
ADDITIVES:
Magnesium (Mg)
Calcium (Ca)
Additive levels are information Additive levels are information
Barium (Ba) ASTM D5185 only only
Phosphorous (P)
Zinc (Zn)
CHARACTERISTICS:
Viscosity (40°C) +50% change
ASTM D445 -20/+30% change
Viscosity (100°C) +25% change
TAN ASTM D664 2.5 rise over new oil * 3.0 rise over new oil *
ASTM D2896 (new & used oil) Drop to 30% of new TBN *
TBN or ASTM D4739 (new & used Drop to 50% of new TBN *
oil) Not applicable to TOH/Cl
Oxidation 40 Abs/cm Peak Height (Single 40 Abs/cm Peak Height (Single
ASTM E2412-04 ANNEX A2 Point Baseline) Method Point Baseline) Method
Nitration
Oxidation 25 Abs @ 1700 cm¯ ¹ Peak Area 25 Abs @ 1735 cm¯ ¹ Peak Area
Method Method
ASTM E2412-04 ANNEX A1
20 Abs @ 1625 cm¯ ¹ Peak Area 25 Abs @ 1625 cm¯ ¹ Peak Area
Nitration
Method Method
ASTM D92
Flash Point 356°F (180°C) 356°F (180°C)
(Cleveland Open Cup)
MAXIMUM MONITORED MAXIMUM MONITORED
PARTICLE COUNTS:
LEVELS ** LEVELS **
ISO Code ISO 4406 24/24/20 24/24/20
4 micron 160,000 particles/ml 160,000 particles/ml
6 micron 80,000 80,000
10 micron 30,000 30,000
14 micron 5,000 5,000
ISO 11500
21 micron 1,000 1,000
38 micron 100 100
70 micron 12 12
100 micron 8 8
* Sweeten the sump lube oil by adding new lube oil when TBN level falls below the TAN level so the lube oil can continue to neutralize acids.
Resample sweetened lube oil to verify proper TAN/TBN levels. If TAN/TBN condemning limits are reached and sump sweetening is not done,
the lube oil must be changed to reestablish proper lube oil alkalinity protection from acid formation.
** Do not condemn the lube oil based solely on particle count levels unless a severe rise in any micron level occurs in the 500 hour lube oil
sample analysis. Inspect the engine filtration system (improperly seated elements, holes in elements, a stuck open filter bypass valve, a non-
functional centrifuge, etc.) if an early hour excessive rise is seen in particle counts. Longer term, consider other lube oil condemning limits in
Table 5 along with rising particle counts in the decision to change lube oil and filters.
NOTICE
Actual lube oil change intervals must be determined
by engine inspection and lube oil analysis in
conjunction with the condemning limits.
In order to obtain a reasonable life expectancy for – Elevate the lube oil temperature to 185° – 200°F
Dresser Waukesha engines operating on fuel gas (85° – 93°C), 180°F (82°C) maximum for AT
containing some level of halogens, our experience models, and 176°F (80°C) for 220GL models.
dictates the following:
– Use of high TBN oil (7.0 – 13.0)
• To achieve a life expectancy equivalent to an engine
operating on pipeline quality natural gas, remove all – Bypass lubrication oil filtration. Dresser
halogen compounds and abrasives from the fuel Waukesha has introduced the Microspin
gas. cleanable lube oil filtering system. The Microspin
system utilizes the cleaning capabilities of a
• Reasonable life can be expected if the Total Organic centrifuge coupled with cleanable filter elements.
Halide as Chloride (TOH/CI) concentration of the The Microspin system utilizes Dresser
fuel does not exceed 8.5 micrograms per BTU (µg/ Waukesha’s current lube oil filtration canister for
BTU) (150 µg/liter). Total Organic Halide as
the cleanable elements. The centrifuge is
Chloride equals the sum of all halogenated
installed as a bypass system working in
compounds expressed as chloride (Cl) in
conjunction with the cleanable filter elements.
micrograms per BTU (µg/BTU) (or µg/liter) at
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). See the • A fuel gas containing a TOH/CI concentration above
most current version of S-07884-7, Gaseous Fuel 8.5 µg/BTU (150 µg/liter) requires pre-treatment of
Specification for Waukesha Engines. Reasonable the fuel in order to make it suitable for use in a
life can also be expected with increased Dresser Waukesha engine.
maintenance and operating adjustments to the
engine, such as: LUBE OIL VISCOSITY SELECTION
Typical changes in maintenance and operation at The operating temperature of the lube oil in the sump
this chloride level are: or header is the best guide for selecting the proper
SAE grade of lube oil. When the oil temperature is
– Decreased lube oil change interval (150 hours to unknown, add 120°F (67°C) to the ambient
start) temperature to obtain an estimated lube oil sump
– Condemn the lube oil when the 900 ppm temperature.
chlorine limit in used lube oil is reached. This will Table 6: VSG Sump Temperature and SAE Number
aid in establishing a lube oil change interval.
SUMP TEMPERATURE SAE NUMBER
– Perform a lube oil analysis at least every 50 210° – 250°F (99° – 121°C) 40
hours to start. 160° – 210°F (71° – 99°C) 30
– Elevate the jacket water temperature to 212° –
235°F (100° – 113°C).
Table 7: VGF / VHP Sump and Header Temperatures and SAE Number
SUMP TEMPERATURE HEADER TEMPERATURE SAE NUMBER
160° – 230°F 160° – 195°F
40
(71° – 110°C) (71° – 91°C)
Below 160°F (71°C) Below 160°F (71°C) 30
Table 8: 275GL / GL+ & ATGL Sump and Header Temperatures and SAE Number
SUMP TEMPERATURE HEADER TEMPERATURE SAE NUMBER
160° – 230°F 160° – 180°F
(71° – 110°C) (71° – 82°C) 40
Table 10: 16V150LTD / APG1000 Sump and Header Temperatures and SAE Number
SUMP TEMPERATURE HEADER TEMPERATURE SAE NUMBER
195° – 205°F 180° – 190°F
(90° – 96°C) (82° – 88°C) 40
NOTE: Do not operate engines with an oil header Synthetic lube oils are not recommended for
temperature below 140°F (60°C). Engines that exceed alternative fuel gas applications without prior approval
195°F (91°C) header temperature or 215°F (102°C) by Dresser Waukesha.
sump temperature should have reduced lube oil
change intervals based upon lube oil analysis (see LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Table 5). OPERATION
MULTI-VISCOSITY LUBE OILS At low ambient temperatures, use a lube oil which will
provide proper lubrication when the engine is hot and
Use multi-viscosity lube oils only for engines in cold working. For engines of 1,000 cu. in. (16.4 L)
starting applications. Multi-viscosity lube oil may displacement and above, operating at ambient
deteriorate in continuous operation, allowing the lube temperatures below 50°F (10°C), lube oil and jacket
oil to lose viscosity through shearing. In this state, the water heaters are required to warm oil and water for
lube oil may not supply sufficient lubricating film and/or faster starting and load application. Dresser
pressure. Therefore, utilize a lube oil analysis program Waukesha will supply information on these starting
to determine the lube oil change interval. devices upon request.
SYNTHETIC LUBE OILS 220GL APPLICATIONS
To avoid any troubles when starting under cold
Based on developments by lube oil manufacturers and
ambient conditions, and because of the extra pressure
the release of their synthetic lube oils, Dresser
drop involved by the external circuit, it is mandatory
Waukesha now recognizes these products as being
that lube oil temperature in the external circuit does
suitable for all Dresser Waukesha stoichiometric (“rich
not fall down below 68°F (20°C).
burn”) and lean burn gas engines. Table 2 and Table 3
include synthetic lube oils. This minimum temperature can be achieved by two
different means:
When synthetic lube oils are selected, Dresser
Waukesha suggests contacting the Dresser • Either the external circuit (piping, control valve and
Waukesha Field Service or Sales Engineering cooler) is located in a warm area where temperature
Departments for oil change interval recommendations never falls below 68°F (20°C), such as inside a
if lube oil analysis is not done. However, a lube oil building rather than outside.
analysis program is always recommended by Dresser
Waukesha. Actual lube oil change intervals must be • Or the external circuit is fitted with a warming
established through a lube oil analysis program and system (electrical resistance or preheaters and
circulation) which regulates lube oil temperature to a
visual inspection of engine components. Typical areas
minimum of 68°F (20°C).
to look for lube oil breakdown are exhaust valve stems,
piston ring area and piston undercrown. Synthetic lube
LUBE OIL CONSUMPTION GUIDELINES
oil change intervals are 3 to 5 times longer than those
of mineral oils. However, lube oil filter change intervals Typical gross lube oil consumption rates for all Dresser
remain at 1,000 to 1,500 hours of operation, so that Waukesha engines are:
contaminant buildup does not result in excessive lube
oil filter pressure drop.
Table 12: Recommended Lube Oil Change Intervals for Engines Receiving Normal Maintenance and Using Natural Gas
Fuel without a Lube Oil Analysis Program
Table 12 is provided as a guide to engine lube oil change intervals when lube oil analysis is extremely difficult to
obtain by customers/end users of Dresser Waukesha engines.
ENGINES EBULLIENT COOLED
OPERATED IN OR HOT WATER
ISO STANDARD OR EXCESS OF SYSTEM WITH
ENGINE MODEL CONTINUOUS ISO STD ENGINE WATER STANDBY DUTY
POWER RATING POWER OR TEMPERATURE OF
PEAK 211°F (99°C) OR
SHAVING ABOVE
FOR ENGINES OPERATING WITH LUBE OIL SUMP TEMPERATURE OF 230°F (110°C) OR BELOW
VSG SERIES F11 300 hours or
Normal 720 hours* 300 hours N/A
Natural Gas and HD-5 Propane annually
FOR ENGINES OPERATING WITH LUBE OIL HEADER TEMPERATURE OF 195°F (91°C) OR BELOW
VGF G, GL, GLD/GLD/2 Normal 1,000 hours
500 hours or
LOW CAPACITY (Extended 1,250 500 hours 500 hours
annually
Natural Gas and HD-5 Propane hours**)
VHP SERIES
500 hours or
HIGH CAPACITY Normal 3,000 hours** – – annually
Natural Gas with Extender Package
275GL/GL+ Normal 3,000 hours (Extended 4,000
AT25/27GL SERIES hours**) or sooner by analysis. Sample every See Table 5 for condemning limits.
Natural Gas 720 hours.
APG SERIES
16V150LTD Normal 1,500 hours**** – – Not Allowed
Natural Gas
Normal 3,000 hours for
12V/18V 220GL engines shipped after 500 hours or
Natural Gas March 2011; – – annually
otherwise 1,500 hours
for filters only***, ****
* Attainable with 15.5:1 air/fuel ratio (carburetor adjusted to 1.15% CO in the exhaust). If best economy carburetor setting, 17.0:1 – 17.7:1
air/fuel ratio (1.4 – 2.1% O2 in the exhaust), is used, lube oil change hours should be reduced to 300 operating hours.
** Extended lube oil drain intervals listed are acceptable if a Microspin centrifuge that remains functional in service use in conjunction with a
Dresser Waukesha-supplied oil filtration system is utilized and a lube oil analysis program is followed (see Table 5), with visual inspection of
power cylinder components at 4,000 hrs. after start of test to determine the extended lube oil change interval. Part deposit inspection pass/fail
criteria must hinge on acceptable industry standards of deposit evaluation of varnish, lacquer and carbon on valve stems, piston ring grooves
and piston undercrown. Lube oil filter change intervals remain per the respective engines’ maintenance manual recommendations. The
extended lube oil drain interval hours shown in Table 12 above may be exceeded if all oil analysis metrics published in Table 5 remain within
specification limits using engine lube oil analysis.
*** Up to 6,000 hour lube oil change with synthetic oil on 220GL models is possible, but only based upon lube oil analysis. Filter change
intervals remain per Table 12.
NOTE: Change lube oil filter elements when lube oil is changed.
Table 13: Recommended Lube Oil Change Intervals for Engines Receiving Normal Maintenance and Using Gaseous
Fuel Containing H2S @ 0.1% by Volume (1000 ppm) or Less Based Upon Lube Oil Analysis (see Table 5)
NOTE: Change lube oil filter elements when lube oil is changed.
ISO STANDARD OR The highest load and speed which can be applied 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days per
year, except for normal maintenance. It is permissible to operate the engine at up to 10 percent
CONTINUOUS POWER overload, or the maximum load indicated by the intermittent rating, whichever is lower, for two hours
RATING: each 24-hour period.
GENERATOR STANDBY In a system used as backup or secondary source of electrical power, this rating is the output the
engine will produce continuously (no overload), 24 hours a day, for the duration of the prime power
POWER RATING: source outage.
INTERMITTENT POWER This rating is the highest load and speed that can be applied in variable speed mechanical system
RATING: application only. Operation at this rating is limited to a maximum of 3500 hours per year.
Peak shaving is operation of an engine for a limited time to meet the short-term peak power
GENERATOR PEAK SHAVING: requirements. Speed, loading and hours per year of operation will affect the recommended oil
change interval.