EXPERIMENT 11

GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A CHLORIDE SALT AND PHOSPHORUS

CHEM -2131

Submitted to: Barbara Allen

Submitted by: Arshdeep Kaur
Lab partner: Ashish Pahwa
Date: 19 July, 2018
 GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A CHLORIDE SALT AND PHOSPHORUS

Objective: The main objective of this experiment is to identify the amount of chloride in
unknown sample and amount of phosphorus in a soluble fertilizer by quantitatively
analysis.
Procedure: Refers to the lab manual of chemistry II (CHEM-2131) of Durham College,
page 79-80.
Acceptance criteria:
N/A
Experimental Conditions:
Reagents Experimental conditions
Unknown Chloride Sample LOT # 5123
6M HNO3 LOT N/A
0.5 AgNO3 LOT 7714
Acetone LOT 1417
10% MgSO4 LOT 3712
2 M NH4OH LOT 11121
Isopropyl Alcohol LOT KOG301 , Expiry 07/2020
2 M NH3 LOT 11121
Soluble fertilizer Plant products Co. LTD / Lic.sure – Gro

Observations:
Set the temperature of oven at 80 degree Celsius.

Part I : Chloride salt

Table 1 : Recorded weight of unknown sample

Balance ID – lot # 4 . SNR – B140308782
Sample Weight in
number grams
1 0.2204 g
2 0.2192 g
3 0.2425 g
Table 2- Recorded Weight of filter paper and final product
Sample number Weight of dried Weight of dried Weight of final
filter paper in filter paper with precipitate in
grams. (A) final precipitate in grams. ( B-A )
grams. (B)
1 0.6319 g 0.8247 g 0.1928 g
2 0.6356 g 0.7998 g 0.1642 g
3 0.6358 g 0.9146 g 0.2788 g

Part II : Phosphorus in fertilizer

Table 3: Recorded Weight of soluble fertilizer

Balance ID – PB002
Sample number Weight of fertilizer (g)
1 1.03 g
2 1.05 g

Table 4: Recorded Weight of filter paper and final product

Sample number Weight of dried Weight of dried Weight of final
filter paper in filter paper with precipitate in
grams. (A) precipitate in grams (B-A)
grams. (B)
1 0.6290 g 2.0017 g 1.3727g
2 0.6417 g 1.9689 g 1.3272 g

LAB CALCULATIONS
ANS 1.
Sample number 1:
Mass of Cl (g) in unknown sample = (X g AgCl) weight of final precipitate x atomic mass
of Cl / atomic mass of AgCl
= 0.1928 g x 35.45 g / 143.32 g
= 0.0477 g
Percentage (m/m) of Cl in unknown original sample = mass of Cl (g) / mass of unknown
sample (in table 1) x 100%
 = 0.0477 g / 0.2204 g x 100 %
= 21.64 %
Sample number 2:
Mass of Cl (g) in unknown sample = (X g AgCl) weight of final precipitate x atomic mass
of Cl / atomic mass of AgCl

= 0.1642 g x 35.45 g / 143.32 g

= 0.0406 g
Percentage (m/m) of Cl in unknown original sample = mass of Cl (g) / mass of unknown
sample (in table 1) x 100%

= 0.0406 g / 0.2192 g x 100 %

= 18.52 %
Sample number 3:
Mass of Cl (g) in unknown sample = (X g AgCl) weight of final precipitate x atomic mass
of Cl / atomic mass of AgCl

= 0.2788 g x 35.45 g / 143.32 g

= 0.0690 g
Percentage (m/m) of Cl in unknown original sample = mass of Cl (g) / mass of unknown
sample (in table 1) x 100%

= 0.0690 g / 0.2425 g x 100 %

= 28.45 %
ANS 2.
Sample number 1:
For mass of phosphorus in grams -
= 1.3727 MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 30.97 g/mol P / 245.40 g/mol MgNH4PO4.6H2O
= 0.1732 g of P
Percentage (m/m) of P = 0.1732 g / 1.03 g x 100% = 16.82 %
For mass of P2O5 in grams -
= 1.3727 MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 141.92 g/mol P2O5 / 245.40 g/mol MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 1
mol P2O5 /2 mole P
= 0.7939 g P2O5
Percentage (m/m) of P2O5 = 0.7939 g / 1.3727 g * 100%
= 57.83 % P2O5

Sample number 2:
For mass of phosphorus in grams -
= 1.3272 MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 30.97 g/mol P / 245.40 g/mol MgNH4PO4.6H2O
= 0.1675 g of P
Percentage (m/m) of P = 0.1675 g / 1.05 g x 100% = 15.95 %

For mass of P2O5 in grams -

= 1.3272 MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 141.92 g/mol P2O5 / 245.40 g/mol MgNH4PO4.6H2O x 1
mol P2O5 /2 mole P
= 0.3838 g P2O5
Percentage (m/m) of P2O5 = 0.3838 g / 1.3272 g * 100%
= 28.92 % P2O5

ANS 3 –
In this experiment, expected value of phosphorus present in soluble fertilizer = 20% LC.
So,
Percent difference for sample number 1 is expected value – experimental value/
expected value + experimental value/2 x 100%
= 20% - 16.82 % /20% + 16.82 /2 X100 % = 17.27 %
 Percent difference for sample number 2 is expected value – experimental value/
expected value + experimental value/2 x 100%
= 20% - 15.95 % /20% + 15.95 /2 X100 % = 22.53 %

LAB QUESTIONS

ANS 1 . Initial Weight of BaSO4 sample = 0.369 g

Weight of BaSO4 formed as precipitate = 0.153 g
So,
Weight of Barium (g) = 0.153 g x 137.33 g/mol Ba / 233.39 g/mol BaSO4
= 0.0900 g Ba

Percentage of Barium = 0.0900 g/0.369 g x 100%

= 24.39% Ba

ANS 2 .
Percentage of sodium in NaCl = Atomic mass of Na / Atomic mass of NaCl x 100 %
= 22.99 g/mol Na/ 58.44 g/mol NaCl x 100%
= 39.339 % Na

ANS 3.
mg of sodium in 2.00 g of NaCl
So,
2.00 g NaCl X 1 mol NaCl / 58.44g NaCl X 1 mol Na /1 mol NaCl x 22.99 g Na/ 1mol Na

= 0.7868 g Na

Then, 0.7868 g x 1000 mg = 786.8 mg Na

1 g
ANS 4. Three sources of error are:
 The percentage yield of phosphorus sample 1 is less than the expected results
which is may be due the reason that the residue was not rinsed properly with 75%
propanol.
 However, the percentage yield of another sample of phosphorous is more because
the sample was not fully dry. There was moisture present in the sample that
accounts for the high % yield.
 Another sort of error can be the improper weighing techniques.

Reference:
Chemistry lab manual (CHEM 2131) of Durham college, 2018 page 76 - 80 .