1.

PaCO2 level indicates the effectiveness of:

a. kidney function b. lung function c. phosphate buffers d. bicarbonate buffers

2. General anesthesia and narcotic analgesics for pain often lead to slow, shallow respirations after
surgery. What do you expect will be the effects of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)?
a. increased level b. no change c. decreased level

3. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances often occurs as a result of acute acidosis?
a. hypernatremia b. hyponatremia c. hyperkalemia d. hypokalemia

4. A common cause of metabolic acidosis is:

a. diueresis b. vomiting c. renal failure

5. Which of the following alterations is evidence that the kidneys are compensating for a
respiratory acidosis condition?
a. decreased carbon dioxide
b. elevated carbon dioxide
c. decreased bicarbonate
d. elevated bicarbonate

6. If your patient is breathing rapidly, his body is attempting to:

a. retain carbon dioxide
b. rid excess carbon dioxide
c. improve the buffering ability of bicarbonate
d. produce more carbonic acid

7. In general, respiratory acidosis is caused by:

a. states that induce hyperventilation
b. compensation for metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory disease causing retention of carbon dioxide
d. hormone imbalances

8. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by:

a. hyperventilation
b. pneumonia
c. pulmonary congestion
d. pulmonary edema
9. Which of the following molecules act as buffers for acid in the blood?
a. Hgb
b. albumin
c. bicarb
d. all above the above

10. If your patient has a higher than normal pH (alkalosis), you would expect to see:
a. high PaCO2 and high bicarbonate
b. low PaCO2 and high bicarbonate
c. low bicarbonate and high PaCO2
d. low PaCO2 and low bicarbonate

11. Hypoventilation leads to:

a. respiratory acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis
c. metabolic acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis

12. Compensation In response to respiratory acidosis would be:

a. kidneys secrete more hydrogen and secrete more bicarb
b. kidneys secrete less hydrogen and secrete more bicarb
c. kidneys secrete more hydrogen and secrete less bicarb

13. ABG results: pH=7.2 PaCO2= 35 HCO3= 14

a. this is an acidotic condition
b. this is an alkolotic condition

14. Which of the following blood gases would reflect metabolic acidosis?
a. pH= 7.48 pCO2=40 HCO3=29
b. 7.30 32 24
c. 7.27 38 19
d. 7.46 30 25

15. A nurse is admitting a client who has been vomiting for 24 hours. Arterial blood gases are
obtained. Based upon the laboratory findings, which of the following conditions should the
nurse expect?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis
16. A nurse is caring for a client admitted with confusion and lethargy. The client was found at home
unresponsive with an empty bottle of aspirin lying next to her. Vital signs reveal a blood
pressure of 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate of 116 beats/ minute with a regular rhythm, and a
respiratory rate of 42/ minute and deep. Which of the following arterial blood gases findings
should the nurse expect?

a. pH 7.68, PaO2 96, PaCO2 38, HCO3 24

b. 7.48, 100, 28, 23
c. 6.98, 100, 30, 18
d. 7.58, 96, 38, 29

17. A nurse is orientating a newly licensed nurse on conditions related to metabolic acidosis. Which
of the following statements by the new nurse indicates the teaching has been effective?
A. “Metabolic acidosis can occur due to diabetic ketoacidosis.”
B. “Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client with overuse of nasogastric suctioning.”
C. Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has asthma.”
D. Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has had mechanical overventilation.”
1. PaCO2 level indicates the effectiveness of:
a. kidney function
b. lung function
c. phosphate buffers
d. bicarbonate buffers

2. General anesthesia and narcotic analgesics for pain often lead to slow, shallow respirations after
surgery. What do you expect will be the effects of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)?

a. increased level
b. no change
c. decreased level

3. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances often occurs as a result of acute acidosis?

a. hypernatremia
b. hyponatremia
c. hyperkalemia
d. hypokalemia

4. A common cause of metabolic acidosis is:

a. diuresis
b. vomiting
c. renal failure

5. Which of the following alterations is evidence that the kidneys are compensating for a
respiratory acidosis condition?
a. decreased carbon dioxide
b. elevated carbon dioxide
c. decreased bicarbonate
d. elevated bicarbonate

6. If your patient is breathing rapidly, his body is attempting to:

a. retain carbon dioxide
b. rid excess carbon dioxide
c. improve the buffering ability of bicarbonate
d. produce more carbonic acid

7. In general, respiratory acidosis is caused by:

a. states that induce hyperventilation
b. compensation for metabolic alkalosis
c. respiratory disease causing retention of carbon dioxide
 d. hormone imbalances

8. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by:

a. hyperventilation
b. pneumonia
c. pulmonary congestion
d. pulmonary edema

9. Which of the following molecules act as buffers for acid in the blood?
a. Hgb
b. albumin
c. bicarb
d. all above the above

10. If your patient has a higher than normal pH (alkalosis), you would expect to see:
a. high PaCO2 and high bicarbonate
b. low PaCO2 and high bicarbonate
c. low bicarbonate and high PaCO2
d. low PaCO2 and low bicarbonate

11. Hypoventilation leads to:

a. respiratory acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis
c. metabolic acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis

12. Compensation In response to respiratory acidosis would be:

a. kidneys secrete more hydrogen and secrete more bicarb
b. kidneys secrete less hydrogen and secrete more bicarb
c. kidneys secrete more hydrogen and secrete less bicarb

13. ABG results: pH=7.2 PaCO2= 35 HCO3= 14

a. this is an acidotic condition
b. this is an alkolotic condition

14. Which of the following blood gases would reflect metabolic acidosis?
a. pH= 7.48 pCO2=40 HCO3=29
b. 7.30 32 24
c. 7.27 38 19
d. 7.46 30 25
15. A nurse is admitting a client who has been vomiting for 24 hours. Arterial blood gases are
obtained. Based upon the laboratory findings, which of the following conditions should the
nurse expect?
e. Respiratory acidosis
f. Respiratory alkalosis
g. Metabolic acidosis
h. Metabolic alkalosis

16. A nurse is caring for a client admitted with confusion and lethargy. The client was found at home
unresponsive with an empty bottle of aspirin lying next to her. Vital signs reveal a blood
pressure of 104/72 mm Hg, heart rate of 116 beats/ minute with a regular rhythm, and a
respiratory rate of 42/ minute and deep. Which of the following arterial blood gases findings
should the nurse expect?
e. pH 7.68, PaO2 96, PaCO2 38, HCO3 24
f. 7.48, 100, 28, 23
g. 6.98, 100, 30, 18
h. 7.58, 96, 38, 29

17. A nurse is orientating a newly licensed nurse on conditions related to metabolic acidosis. Which
of the following statements by the new nurse indicates the teaching has been effective?
a. “Metabolic acidosis can occur due to diabetic ketoacidosis.”
b. “Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client with overuse of nasogastric suctioning.”
c. Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has asthma.”
d. Metabolic acidosis can occur in a client who has had mechanical overventilation.”