On behalf of Altinco SL

Giovanni Miglio
Crop-protection Specialist
Office: Via Pietro Canonici, 6
40141 Bologna (I)
giovanni.miglio@hotmail.it
 DORMAN & DORCAL
Some preliminary info’s

In the last 4-5 years, a dramatic drop of peach and nectarines transfer-price at farm-
level was observed in Italy

Front to a production cost of 19-26 €cents (depending upon area and variety) the
average retail price (data 2014) was in the order of 20-25 cents.

The operative margin for farmers become close to zero, when not negative and
thousands hectars of peach and nectarines-orchards have been scraped...

In a situation like this, the only way to escape is a strong reduction of productive-
costs and among them fruit-thinning is the most expensive.

Finding a reliable and economic way for chemical peach-thinning become therefore a
crucial and strathegic matter……………………………………………………..

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…Let’s do a few-balances…

If we suppose a peach-orchard with an average production of 40 tons/hectar, saving

2 €cents/kg for hand-fruit-thinning labour could mean 800 Euros

Adding other 2-3 cents/kg for extra-price due to improved quality/size of fruits could
produce other 800-1200 Euros

An additional gain of 800-2000 Euros/hectar can do the difference between the

survival of a peach-nectarine orchard or not…

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…First-off-all, how do they work..?

G. Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…First-off-all, how do they work..?

It has been supposed (M. Pascual, 2014) that D&D acts penetrating into the base of the winter flower-
buds, “cutting” them from the branch and producing a consequent bloom/fruit reduction

Contact action
To be applied on winter, widely before blooming
G. Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
The original application-protocol from Altinco

WATER The reference phenologic-stage:

100 liters

+ English: “swollen wood”

Spanish: “yema hinchada”
Italian : “gemma mossa”

DORMAN
3 liters

+ 40-60 days

DORCAL
7 liters = 110 liters

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
Several trials made in Italy in the years 2014-2016

Faenza-Ravenna-Cesena

Cerignola

Castrovillari

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
Experimental activity in gross numbers

Fifty-three different applications at standard rate between 2014 and 2016

Nine different applications at increased rate of 30 %

Ten different locations in three Regions

Fourteen different varieties

For each trial :

Rottura Fiori per metro Eff.

Cod. loc. GPS (Google Earth) rif. gps località varietà data tratt gemme protocollo UTC Tratt. %

AL1502 44°36’95.59”N– 11°88’99.37”E - Cotignola RA Ambra 12/01/2015 ± 23/02 singolo tratt. 42,0 32,0 -23,8

AL1503 44°16’52.93”N – 12°7’31.68”E 04 Durazzano RA Honey Glow 13/01/2015 ± 28/02 a finestre 42,4 19,2 - 54,7
23/01/2015 20,8 - 50,9
03/02/2015 38,7 - 8,7

Giovanni Miglio
 Rappresentazione sintetica prove dirado
pesco Dorman_Dorcal in Italia

Classi di efficacia proposte: 2014

< 20 % = nulla o trascurabile
20 -40%= scarsa
40 - 60%= media
> 60% = elevata
Rottura Fiori per metro
rif. gemme
Cod loc. GPS (Google Earth) località varietà data tratt protocollo UTC trattato dirado
gps

AL1401 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Big bang 30/12/2013 singolo tratt. 14,89 12,85 13,7
AL1402 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Big bang 13/01/2014 singolo tratt. 14,89 10,94 26,5
AL1403 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Ambra 30/12/2013 singolo tra tt. 21,43 22,90 + 6,9
AL1404 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Ambra 13/01/2014 singolo tratt. 21,43 15,47 29,7
AL1405 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Honey Glow 30/12/2013 singolo tratt. 10,00 12,58 20,5
AL1406 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Honey Glow 13/01/2014 singolo tratt. 8,84 12,58 26,5
AL1407 41°21’49.51”N - 15°51’51.45”E * Cerignola FG Royal pride 30/12/2013 singolo tratt. 9,64 10,28 6,2
AL1408 41°21’49.51”N - 15°51’51.45”E * Cerignola FG Royal pride 13/01/2014 singolo tratt. 9,54 10,28 7,2
AL1409 41°21’49.51”N - 15°51’51.45”E * Cerignola FG Nectaprima 30/12/2013 singolo tratt. 10,71 14,03 23,6
AL1410 41°21’49.51”N - 15°51’51.45”E * Cerignola FG Nectaprima 13/01/2014 singolo tratt. 13,08 14,03 6,77
AL1411 44 ° 14’48.21”N – 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Garciga 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt. 19,0 22,0 + 15,8 %
AL1412 44 ° 14’48.21”N – 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Romagna Red 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt. 26,5 18,5 - 30,2 %
AL1413 44 ° 14’48.21”N – 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Romagna Big 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt. 31,0 33,5 + 8,6 %
AL1414 44°15’14.15”N – 11°56’49.84”E * Faenza RA Orion 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt . 27,5 27,0 - 1,8 %
AL1415 44°15’14.15”N – 11°56’49.84”E * Faenza RA Sweet Red 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt . 34,5 29,0 - 15,9 %
AL1417 44°17’43.20N – 12° 11’4.56E * Campiano RA Honey Glo w 21/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt . 19,3 15,5 - 19,7 %
AL1418 44°19’19.90”N – 12°11’32.08”E * S. Stefano RA Ambra 21/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt . 56,2 45,8 - 18,5 %
AL1419 44°16’52.93”N – 12°7’31.68”E * Durazzano RA Sinfony 21/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt . 27,7 27,0 - 2,5 %
 2015

AL1501 44°20’58.99”N – 11°47’47.84”E * Castelbolognese Honey Glo 12/01/2015 ± 25/02 a finestre 26,0 17,0 - 34,6 %
22/01/2015 18,0 - 30,8 %
02/02/2015 24,0 - 7,7 %
AL1502 44°36’95.59”N – 11°88’99.37 ”E * Cotignola R A Ambra 12/01/2015 ± 23/02 singolo tratt . 42,0 32,0 - 23,8 %
AL1503 44°16’52.93”N – 12°7’31.68”E * Durazzano RA Honey Glo w 13/01/2015 ± 28/02 a finestre 42,4 19,2 - 54,7 %
23/01/2015 20,8 - 50,9 %
03/02/2015 38,7 - 8,7 %
AL1504 44°18’59.47”N – 12°08’31.45”E * S.P. Vincoli FC Ambra 13/01/2015 ± 28/02 singolo tratt . 49,9 11,3 - 77,3 %
AL1505 41°21’49.51”N - 15°51’51.45”E * Cerignola FG Nectaprima 17/01/2015 - singolo tratt. 13,2 16,2 -18,6 %
AL1506 41°20’51.71”N - 15°51’34.71”E * Cerignola FG Honey Glow 17/01/2015 - singolo tratt. 26,6 26,6 0%
AL1507 - * Castrovillari CS Nectaross 27/12/2014 ± 08/02 singolo tratt. 11,9 30,0 60,3 %
AL1508 39°44’10.21”N – 16°19’24.68”E * Castrovillari CS Laura 27/12/2014 ± 05/02 singolo tratt. 23,6 34,3 31,2 %

Giovanni Miglio
 2016

AL1603 44°20’58.99”N – 11°47’47.84”E * Castelbolognese Honey Glo w 14/12/2015 ± 08/02 a finestre 28,0 11,0 - 60,7 %
21/12/2015 14,0 - 50,0 %
30/12/2015 15,0 - 46,4 %
10/01/2016 8,0 - 71,4 %
20/01/2016 14,0 - 50,0 %
30/01/2016 18,0 - 35,7 %
AL1604 44°19’19.90”N – 12°11’32.08”E * S. Stefano RA Ambra 14/12/2015 ± 08/02 a finestre 45,8 35,8 - 21,8 %
21/12/2015 31,0 - 32,3 %
30/12/2015 44,4 - 3, 0 %
11/01/2016 34,2 - 25,3 %
21/01/2016 32,0 - 30,1 %
29/01/2016 35,7 - 22,0 %
AL1605 44 ° 14’48.21”N - 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Romagna Big 27/12/2015 ± 03/02 singolo tratt . 9,21 5,30 - 42,4 %
AL1606 44 ° 14’48.21”N - 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Romagna Red 27/12/2015 ± 28/01 singolo tratt . 4,59 4,07 - 11,3 %
AL1607 44 ° 14’48.21”N - 11° 55’49.02E * Faenza RA Garciga 27/12/2015 ± 28/01 singolo tratt . 5,47 3,64 - 20,7 %
AL1608 44°14’03.06”N – 11°55’52.94”E * Faenza RA Faralia (alb) 27/12/2015 - singolo tratt. 93,6 52,3 - 44,1 %
AL1609 44°15’14.15”N – 11°56’49.84”E * Faenza RA Angeleno (s) 27/12/2015 - singolo tratt. 130,0 110,0 - 15,4 %
XE1601 44 ° 30’15.89”N– 12° 09’08.08”E * Savarna RA Royal Glory 10/12/2015 ± 09/02 a finestre 28,7 26,8 - 6,6 %
21/12/2015 31,5 + 9,8 %
30/12/2015 31,4 + 9,4 %
11/01/2016 28,7 +0%
20/01/2016 17,1 - 40,4 %
30/01/2016 27,3 - 4,9 %
 DORMAN & DORCAL
Experimental activity in gross numbers
FOUR classes of efficacy (*)
0-15%: negligeable or poor
16-40%: medium
41-60%: high
> 60%: very high
On a total of 53 applications at standard rate(**):

7%
very high

15 %
high

41 %
medium

37 %
poor

0 20 40 60 80 Occurrence %
(*) measured as % of flowers or young-fruits reduction placed UTC = 100

(**) never observed phytotoxicity at suggested rates of D&D 3+7 liters in 100 liters of water
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…And what if we improve the rate of D&D..?

∆+30% = Dorman 3,9 + Dorcal 9,1 liters in 100 liters H2O

Rottura Fiori per metro Eff.

Cod. località varietà data tratt gemme protocollo UTC Tratt. %
AL1411 Faenza RA Garciga (**) 09/01/2014 ± 15/02 singolo tratt. 19,0 8,5 -55,3
AL1501 Castelbolognese Honey Glo 12/01/2015 ± 25/02 a finestre 26,0 16,0 -38,4
22/01/2015 16,0 -38,4
02/02/2015 14,0 -46,1
AL1502 Cotignola RA Ambra 12/01/2015 ± 23/02 singolo tratt. 43,0 21,0 -51,1
AL1503 Durazzano RA Honey Glow 13/01/2015 ± 28/02 a finestre 42,4 8,4 -80,2
23/01/2015 9,4 -77,8
03/02/2015 40,9 - 3,4
AL1504 S.P. Vincoli FC Ambra 13/01/2015 ± 28/02 singolo tratt. 49,9 4,6 -90,8

…A remarcable improvement of efficacy in eight cases on nine (**).

…Warning: Indicative results. Selectivity (and treatment cost) needs further evaluation.
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A typical case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

Dose Dose Dose Dose Dose Dose

A-low B-hi A-low B-hi A-low B-hi

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
4 4 4

FIRST WINDOW (12 Jan.) SECOND WINDOW (22 Jan.) THIRD WINDOW (02 Feb.)

Total spray-window ± 30 days

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 “swollen wood”
4
25 Feb.
UTC …….. ........

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

Details (02 Feb)

Spray (22 Jan.)

Final check (01 Jul.)

 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

12 Jan. 22 Jan. 02 Feb.

Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Check

26c
24b

17a 18a
16a 16a
14a

Assessment 1: flowers X meter of Branch, 26 march 2015

 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

12 Jan. 22 Jan. 02 Feb.

Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Check

25c
20b

14a 13a
10a 10a 10a

Assessment 2: young fruits X meter of Branch, 16 April 2015

Giovanni Miglio
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

12 Jan. 22 Jan. 02 Feb.

Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Check

201f
183e 182e
161d
149c
119b

67a

Assessment 3: Hand thinning. Number of fruits removed each-tree

 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

12 Jan. 22 Jan. 02 Feb.

Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Hand

141 n.s. 136 n.s. 139 n.s. 137 n.s. 138 n.s. 137 n.s. 137 n.s.

Assessment 4: Fruit-harvest data. N° fruits/tree after pickings 7, 12, 15th August 2015
 DORMAN & DORCAL
…A concrete case of “window” trial (AL1501, Cv. “Honey Glow”)

12 Jan. 22 Jan. 02 Feb.

Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Standard dose High dose Hand

192,8 s.
178,2 n.s 173,8 n.s. 177 n.s.
165,3 n.s. 168,7 n.s. 164,7 n.s.

Assessment 4: Fruit-harvest data. Average fruit-weight (g) pickings 7, 12, 15th August 2015
 DORMAN & DORCAL
Three years of experiences in peach and nectarine-fruit thinning in Italy
- conclusions -

In 70% of cases, a thinning activity of D&D was observed on peach/nectarines

No phytotoxicity observed in more than 60 applications on different varieties and/or sites

In most cases, a reduction of labour for hand-thinning was achieved

In several cases, an improvement of quality (fruit size) was obtained as-well

Still to understand why in certain cases efficacy is good and in other cases lower

Further investigations are ongoing to optimize the use of D&D on peaches and nectarines
 Barcelona, 02-03 Nov. 2016

…Thanks for your attention..!

Giovanni Miglio