Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Science
PRIMARY
PRIMARY
TEACHER’S RESOURCE BOOK
Natural Science 3 is a collective work, conceived,
designed and created by the Primary Education
department at Santillana, under the supervision
of Antonio Brandi Fernández.
WRITER
Carmen Gutiérrez
MANAGING EDITOR
Sheila Tourle
PROJECT EDITOR
Geona Edwards
EDITORS
Beatriz García Hipólito
M.ª Antonia Oliva Pérez-Andújar
PROOFREADING
Sheila Klaiber
Vassilia Katte
ILLUSTRATIONS
Juan Carlos Carmona, Mar Ferrero,
Carlos Gallego, Jose Luis Navarro,
El Ojo del Huracán, Jorge Salas,
José Santos, Carolina Temprado Battad
Contents Nombre Fecha
Worksheets
Animals .............................................................................................................. 38
Invertebrates ...................................................................................................... 46
Plants ................................................................................................................ 62
Matter ................................................................................................................ 78
Name Date
REINFORCEMENT
4
REINFORCEMENT
c. Do regular .
e. Have good
.
relevant section in the Student’s Book, before 6 Write two sentences in the correct order.
preparation for the Unit assessment. ill make Dirty food can you
3 Read these sentences about doing exercise. Write T (true) or F (false). 7 Use the code and find out a healthy habit.
complete the worksheets with or without a. Exercise makes you more flexible.
d. By practising a team sport you learn to work in a group. ≈◊⊃⊂∩♠∪∧ ∧∪∪∩ ∗∨ ∅⊂∪∪★ ∗∪∧ ◊∨♥♠∅ t ∩t∆
e. Swimming is not very good for your lungs and heart.
classroom or at home, individually or in pairs. 30 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 31
Your senses
Name Date
EXTENSION
Your senses
Name Date
EXTENSION
Extension worksheets
Guide dogs Sign language
Guide dogs act as eyes for people who are blind.
They help blind people move from one place
to another. They can help a blind person cross
People with sight and hearing disabilities use different languages to communicate
with other people. Sign language is a language that many deaf people use to
communicate. Braille is a system of printing for blind people.
There are twenty-four Extension
the road, avoid obstacles or go to the shops. Guide
dogs stay with their owners at all times.
Most guide dogs are Labradors or Golden
worksheets. These worksheets can
be used for fast finishers or to expand
Retrievers. They receive special training starting
when they are puppies. Then, they are assigned
to a blind person. Guide dogs wear a harness to
do their job.
Guide dogs work approximately six years before
they retire.
1
on the material covered in class.
Use the sign alphabet. Learn to say your name
with your hands. Take turns with a partner
1 Write T (true) or F (false). to spell out your name.
Equipment:
Years of service:
16 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 17
Name Date
Instructions
1. In pairs, select five or six different foods,
These worksheets provide opportunities for students to carry out for example, an apple, chips, a banana,
biscuits, a carrot, bread or cheese.
Cut them into pieces.
diameter
food fat no fat
of grease spot
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 29
IV
Assessment worksheets Name
Plants
Date
ASSESSMENT
4
ASSESSMENT
1 Label the plant. Then, answer the question. carbon dioxide – photosynthesis – roots – raw sap
the topic has been completed, as a revision t *TUIFTUFNPGUIJTQMBOUXPPEZPSIFSCBDFPVT &YQMBJO 5 Find and circle five parts of the flower. Then, complete the sentences.
p c o r o l l a
test, or to check progress at any point 2 Label the parts of the leaf. Then, read and tick (✓).
e
t
q
l
y
p
w
i
q
s
b
t
p
i
z
l
y
x
s
t
e
e
p
i
a
g
l
f
s
s s t a m e n s
a. Classify the leaf according to the edge.
smooth lobed jagged a. It is the female part of the flower. It contains the ovary. It is the .
b. Classify the leaf according to the shape. b. The are the small green leaves that protect the flower.
palmate heart-shaped needle-shaped c. The are the male parts of the flower. They produce pollen.
66 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 67
Name Date
TEST Tests
1 Carbohydrates and fats are examples of…
2
a. proteins.
3 Calcium…
a. is a very important protein.
the topic has been studied. The tests provide
students the opportunity to revise the main
b. makes up your bones and helps you to grow.
c. provides your body with energy.
5
a. sufficient. b. active.
28 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
s e a b i r d f p PAGE 75
5. Read the text and complete.
x s n a k e l i s
Some aquatic animals live in the sea. They are marine
z f w t q x i s n animals. Others live in fresh water, in lakes or rivers.
Aquatic animals spend most of their lives in water. Many
s t a r f i s h a of them breathe in oxygen from the water through gills.
Others come to the surface of the water to breathe in air,
s q u i r r e l i
through lungs.
o o c t o p u s l 6. Circle the correct animal.
a. bat; b. mussel; c. skater; d. snake; e. duck.
5. Classify these marine animals.
7. Read, then write the correct word.
They breathe through lungs: whales, seals, turtles.
a. trees; b. slither; c. underground.
They breathe through gills: sharks, sardines, tuna.
6. Write T (true) or F (false). TEST
a. T; b. T; c. F; d. F; e. T; f. F.
PAGE 76
1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. b; 5. c; 6. b; 7. a; 8. a; 9. b; 10. a.
EXTENSION
PAGE 72 INVESTIGATE
1. Read the text and circle the correct word. PAGE 77
a. Tundras are found in the Arctic. OA
b. In the summer, there are 24 hours a day of sunlight.
c. The top layer of the soil is the permafrost.
d. Winter in the Arctic tundra is extremely cold.
e. Global warming is harming the Arctic tundra.
V
Your body REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
head trunk
limbs
brain lung
arm heart
leg stomach
intestines
c. a lower limb ▶
6 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
a. We need energy and nutrients to live, and we get them from food.
d. Children look like their parents because they inherit their physical characteristics.
A B C D
t /PX XSJUFUIFTUBHFTPGMJGFJOPSEFS
1st 2nd
3rd 4th
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 7
Your body EXTENSION
Name Date
2 Search the Internet or magazines for photos of three famous people with different skin
colour. Write their names and the continent they come from.
8 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Your body EXTENSION
Name Date
Broken bones
Bones are hard, strong and rigid, but they can sometimes break or
fracture. However, broken bones can repair themselves. There are
many different types of fractures. The most common type is a
simple fracture, which happens when a bone breaks cleanly. In
order to help bones heal correctly, it is important that they are
realigned. Broken bones can be put back into position by a doctor.
The bones are then immobilized with a plaster cast, so they can
start to heal. Simple fractures usually take about 6 to 8 weeks to
heal, although large bones take longer.
f. A fracture of the femur takes the same time to heal as a fracture of the radius.
2 Have you ever broken a bone or do you know someone who has? Complete
the medical card.
medical card
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 9
Your body ASSESSMENT
Name Date
a. head ▶
b. trunk ▶
c. limbs ▶
brain kidney
lung bone
stomach muscle
3 Draw two people and say how they are similar or different.
a. sexual characteristics ▶
b. body constitution ▶
c. height ▶
d. personal traits ▶
10 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
"44&44.&/5
b. During the life process of living things take in food and absorb
essential nutrients.
b. We take in food.
t .JMLUFFUIGBMMPVU
BOEQFSNBOFOUUFFUIHSPX
childhood
t "CPZTWPJDFHFUTEFFQFS
t 5IFGJSTUTUBHFPGMJGF
adolescence
t :PVSCPEZQSFQBSFTUPCFDPNFBOBEVMU
t .BOZDIBOHFTUBLFQMBDF
adulthood
t 8FDBOIBWFDIJMESFO
t 0VSCPOFTCFDPNFGSBHJMF0VSNVTDMFTBSFXFBLFS
old age
t 8FHSPXWFSZSBQJEMZ
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 11
Your body TEST
Name Date
1 The main parts of the body are the head, the trunk and the…
a. thorax. b. limbs. c. thighs.
6 Thanks to reproduction, …
a. we can have offspring.
b. our body can obtain nutrients.
c. our brain can respond to changes.
12 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Your body INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in small groups.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 13
Your senses REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
2 Circle the five parts of the ear and complete the sentences.
arca nalcochleasmall
v e e bo
r nes
audito ryne eardr
um
b. The vibrates.
14 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 15
Your senses EXTENSION
Name Date
Guide dogs
Guide dogs act as eyes for people who are blind.
They help blind people move from one place
to another. They can help a blind person cross
the road, avoid obstacles or go to the shops. Guide
dogs stay with their owners at all times.
Most guide dogs are Labradors or Golden
Retrievers. They receive special training starting
when they are puppies. Then, they are assigned
to a blind person. Guide dogs wear a harness to
do their job.
Guide dogs work approximately six years before
they retire.
Guide dogs
Job description:
Equipment:
Years of service:
16 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Your senses EXTENSION
Name Date
Sign language
People with sight and hearing disabilities use different languages to communicate
with other people. Sign language is a language that many deaf people use to
communicate. Braille is a system of printing for blind people.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 17
Your senses ASSESSMENT
Name Date
light passes.
the .
18 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
b. The cochlea sends the sound through the ear canal / auditory nerve to the brain.
a. cochlea ▶ d. iris ▶
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 19
Your senses TEST
Name Date
7 Umami is…
a. the most important taste bud.
b. the fourth basic flavour.
c. a flavour found in strong cheeses.
20 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Your senses INVESTIGATE
Name Date
1 What happens when you can’t see what you are tasting? And when you can’t see or
smell what you are tasting?
3. Dip a plastic spoon in one of the foods and let your partner taste it.
5. Repeat the experiment in a different order. This time your partner holds their nose.
6. Can you identify the food? Complete the table with the results. Take turns
and compare the results.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 21
Food and nutrients REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
2 Label the food wheel. Write carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins,
water and exercise, and calcium.
3 Why are water and exercise in the centre of the food wheel?
22 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 23
Food and nutrients EXTENSION
Name Date
Name:
Ingedients:
Main nutrients:
24 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Food and nutrients EXTENSION
Name Date
a. Based on weather / culture, people eat different foods around the world.
d. Foods like reindeer meat and insects mainly provide carbohydrates / proteins.
e. In England, fruits and nuts are symbols of fertility / prosperity and good fortune.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 25
Food and nutrients ASSESSMENT
Name Date
a. This helps our digestive system work correctly. carbohydrates and fats
b. We need them to grow. fibre
c. We need them to stay healthy. proteins
d. They give us energy. vitamins and minerals
c. bread ▶ f. pasta ▶
A B C
26 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
r x p v d s m z
s o g i l a i v
p r o t e i n s
g s w a e t e b
f k t m x y r p
y i p i a n a j
r t a n q d l w
f a t s l c s o
t 8IJDINBJOOVUSJFOUJTNJTTJOHGSPNUIFXPSETFBSDI
8 Cross out the least healthy food for each meal. Write a healthier option.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 27
Food and nutrients TEST
Name Date
3 Calcium…
a. is a very important protein.
b. makes up your bones and helps you to grow.
c. provides your body with energy.
28 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Food and nutrients INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. In pairs, select five or six different foods,
for example, an apple, chips, a banana,
biscuits, a carrot, bread or cheese.
Cut them into pieces.
2. Cut some brown wrapping paper into five
10 cm squares.
3. Rub a piece of each food on a square until
it leaves a mark. Label the squares and allow
them to dry.
4. When dry, hold the squares against the light.
If there is a greasy spot, the food contains
fat. Measure the diameter of each grease
spot with a ruler. The size of the grease spot
tells us how much fat there is in the food.
5. Complete the table.
diameter
food fat no fat
of grease spot
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 29
Keeping healthy REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
a. Get enough .
c. Do regular .
A B C
D E F
30 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
b. adding preservatives You preserve food in the fridge or freezer to make it last longer.
5 Which of these foods are fresh and which are processed? Classify.
processed fresh
a.
b.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 31
Keeping healthy EXTENSION
Name Date
1 Put the words in order to make sentences. Then, find and underline
these sentences in the text.
2 Koalas sleep 22 hours a day! Search the Internet and find how many hours
your favourite animal sleeps.
3 Keep a dream journal for a week. Write your dreams and share them with your
classmates.
32 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Keeping healthy EXTENSION
Name Date
e. Think of an art museum you have visited. What type of paintings did you see?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 33
Keeping healthy ASSESSMENT
Name Date
34 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
a. natural foods ▶
b. processed foods ▶
6 What stages does the food go through? Complete the words and match.
A B C
f i s p
7 Read the sentences and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false
sentences.
c. You must brush your teeth after every meal to avoid tooth decay.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 35
Keeping healthy TEST
Name Date
7 Heating…
a. is called refrigeration.
b. means adding preservatives.
c. helps to eliminate organisms that spoil food.
36 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Keeping healthy INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in groups.
2. Each group has 3 pieces of clean egg shell, 3 jars, water, some lemon juice and some
cola drink.
3. Put a piece of egg shell in a jar with water, another in a jar with lemon juice and another
in a jar with the cola drink.
5. Leave them on a shelf for a week and observe how the pieces of shell change.
c. Do you think these liquids would affect your teeth in the same way?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 37
Animals REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
body covering
reproduction
breathing
38 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
d e j m q a k t o
c h a m e l e o n
e j m i o i h r n
h l x a s z c t l
i g u a n a u o o
r u e j m r b i p
u z b c v d u s e
i a i s n a k e e
b. waterfowl eagle
d. songbird penguin
▶ ▶ ▶
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 39
Animals EXTENSION
Name Date
Animal talk
Animals do not talk like people, but they still
communicate with each other. For example, birds
sing and chirp, dogs bark, cats meow and lions roar.
The blue whale is not only the largest animal
on Earth, but also the loudest. Blue whales emit
very loud and repetitive sounds that travel many
kilometres underwater. The call of a blue whale can
reach up to 188 decibels. This is much louder than
a jet engine, which is about 140 decibels. Human
shouting is 70 decibels.
Sounds over 120 decibels are painful to our ears.
1 Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentences.
d. The sound of a jet engine is louder than the call of a blue whale.
40 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals EXTENSION
Name Date
Hibernate:
Migrate:
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 41
Animals ASSESSMENT
Name Date
A B C D E
All mammals:
a. have bones. b. drink their mother’s milk.
c. are born from their mother’s womb. d. can walk when they are born.
5 Read and circle the mistakes. Then, write the correct words.
Their skin is covered with hair. Most of them live on land and slither.
42 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
It is a .
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 43
Animals TEST
Name Date
3 Carnivores…
a. feed on decaying plant and animal matter.
b. eat other animals.
c. eat food of plant and animal origin.
10 Fish are…
44 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in groups of four.
2. Search the Internet for information about an exotic animal. Draw the animal
or print out photographs and glue them onto separate pieces of card.
Animal name:
Habitat:
Vertebrate / Invertebrate
Food:
Reproduction:
Body covering:
Movement:
4. Play Guess the animal with a partner, using the information on the back of your cards.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 45
Invertebrates REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
1 Write the groups of invertebrates. Then, match them to the correct pictures.
a. They are simple aquatic invertebrates. They live attached to rocks. Their bodies are full
of pores and are sac-shaped.
They are .
b. They have got poisonous tentacles and jelly-like bodies. Jellyfish are in this group.
They are .
c. They have got long, soft bodies and no legs. Thy live in soil, in water or inside other
bodies.
They are .
They are .
e. They are marine animals. Their skeleton is made of hard plates. Starfish and sea
urchins are in this group.
They are .
They are .
46 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
4 1 2
Complete the crossword
about insects. 3
DOWN ACROSS
1. These parts help insects feel and smell. 4. This part contains wings and legs.
2. These hatch from eggs. 5. This part is divided into segments.
3. Invertebrates with six legs. 6. Insects fly with these.
Molluscs have got bodies. Most of them have got one or two
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 47
Invertebrates EXTENSION
Name Date
Head-foot
Cephalopods are animals such as squids, octopuses
and cuttlefish.
These sea creatures are unusual because their feet,
which are actually long tentacles, surround their mouth
and are attached to their heads. Cephalopod means
head-foot.
Did you know that the octopus is one of the most
intelligent of all the invertebrates in the marine world?
Octopuses also have excellent eyesight, although they cannot hear.
An octopus’s soft body looks like a large bag. It lives on the ocean floor, and its eight
tentacles help it to move about and catch food. An octopus moves by jet propulsion: it
sucks water in, then squirts it out of its head so fast that it moves through the water!
Octopuses protect themselves in two ways. They squirt dark ink which blinds their
enemies so they have time to escape. They also change the colour of their skin so that
they blend in with their surroundings. This helps them hide from their enemies.
a. b. c.
48 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Invertebrates EXTENSION
Name Date
Honey bees
Honey bees are flying insects that form
colonies and live in beehives. They work
together for the good of the community, foto
and each bee belongs to a specialized abeja
group according to its work.
In a beehive, there is one queen whose
role is to lay eggs to produce new bees.
Drones are male bees that mate with
the queen.
Worker bees are the most numerous
group. When they are young, they stay in the beehive to look after it and defend it. When
they are older, they fly outside to collect nectar and pollen from flowers to make honey for
their food. They are able to indicate to other bees where to find pollen by performing a
special dance.
Bees are necessary for plant reproduction because they transport pollen from one plant to
another. They can visit over 2,000 flowers in a day!
a. What is a beehive?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 49
Invertebrates ASSESSMENT
Name Date
A D
mollusc
arthropod
B cnidarian E
worm
sponge
C F
echinoderm
a. Jellyfish have tentacles / legs. Their bodies look like jelly / rocks.
c. Molluscs have hard / soft bodies. They usually have shells / scales.
50 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
A B C D
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 51
Invertebrates TEST
Name Date
1 Invertebrate animals…
a. always live in warm places with high humidity.
b. haven’t got a spinal column.
c. have got long, soft bodies with no legs.
2 Sponges are…
a. vertebrate animals that live in the sea.
b. aquatic invertebrates that live attached to rocks.
c. marine arthropods.
3 Jellyfish are…
a. sponges. b. vertebrates. c. cnidarians.
4 Earthworms live in…
a. the sea. b. the soil. c. trees.
5 Molluscs…
a. are oviparous invertebrates with soft bodies.
b. can only live attached to rocks in the sea.
c. have got very bright colours.
6 Starfish and sea urchins are…
a. arachnids. b. echinoderms. c. arthropods.
7 Insects, arachnids, crustaceans and myriapods are all…
a. arthropods. b. vertebrates. c. herbivores.
8 Arthropods have got…
a. many legs.
b. an articulated exoskeleton.
c. wings.
9 Insects’ bodies are divided into…
a. head, thorax and abdomen.
b. antennae, legs and wings.
c. head, trunk and limbs.
10 Spiders have got…
52 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Invertebrates INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Look for small invertebrate animals that live near your school. Identify them and write down
their names in the table below.
2. Some of them can bite or sting you, so don’t touch them. Instead, search the Internet
for pictures of them.
name
legs
antennae
articulated body
wings
head, thorax
and abdomen
exoskeleton
other body
protection
a. insects ▶
b. arachnids ▶
c. crustaceans ▶
d. myriapods ▶
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 53
Animals and people REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
2 What materials do we obtain from these animals? What things can we make
with them?
3 Find seven animals that can be used for transport. Then, write.
o x q e t s d a
i p o t v d o g
e l e p h a n t
a l y m l d k e
n a h o r s e v
m m w d a o y b
c a m e l e g a
r e i n d e e r
4 Which things can you use for birdwatching? Colour the words.
54 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
called farming.
poultry
cattle
sheep
pigs
goats
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 55
Animals and people EXTENSION
Name Date
1 Search the Internet to find the animal of this year’s Chinese calendar.
Find and write a list of this animal’s characteristics.
2 Look at the calendar. In which year were you born? Which animal represents that
year? Find out and write the characteristics you share with this animal.
56 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals and people EXTENSION
Name Date
Groundhog Day
Groundhog Day is a holiday celebrated each
year on the 2nd February, in the United
States of America and Canada. In the
States, thousands of people go to
Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, to see this
event. On this date, a special groundhog,
called Phil, comes out of his burrow after
hibernating all winter. Groundhog Phil
predicts the weather for the rest of the
winter. According to tradition, if it is sunny
on the 2nd February and the groundhog sees
its shadow, it returns to its burrow.
This means that winter weather will continue
for six more weeks. If it is cloudy and the
groundhog doesn’t see its shadow,
it means that spring weather will
arrive soon.
a. groundhog forecast
2 Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentences.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 57
Animals and people ASSESSMENT
Name Date
a. sheep
b. cows
c. bees
d. silkworms
e. pigs
f. chickens
58 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
a. A male sheep is a: r .
b. A baby sheep is a: l .
c. A female sheep is a: e .
e. S means to
cut off a sheep’s wool.
c. There are only two types of livestock farming: cattle and sheep.
d. Birdwatching is a hobby.
6 Draw some farm animals. Write which things we obtain from them.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 59
Animals and people TEST
Name Date
60 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals and people INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Egg labels
1 In your notebook, draw squares for each method of producing hens. Draw the hens
inside. Add the outdoor space where it corresponds. Then, answer the questions.
0:
1:
2:
3:
a. Which eggs are the most expensive?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 61
Plants REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
62 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
s c
m
w
s
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 63
Plants EXTENSION
Name Date
Floral emblems
Many countries have a flower or a plant as a national symbol. In some countries,
there are also floral emblems for each region. Floral emblems are usually plants that grow
in abundance in the country. The four countries that make up Great Britain each have their
own floral emblem.
d. What flower would you like as the floral emblem of your region?
64 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Plants EXTENSION
Name Date
1 Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentences.
2 Search the Internet for carnivorous plants. Choose one and complete
the index card.
Name:
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 65
Plants "44&44.&/5
Name Date
t *TUIFTUFNPGUIJTQMBOUXPPEZPSIFSCBDFPVT &YQMBJO
2 Label the parts of the leaf. Then, read and tick (✓).
B $MBTTJGZUIFMFBGBDDPSEJOHUPUIFFEHF
TNPPUI MPCFE KBHHFE
C $MBTTJGZUIFMFBGBDDPSEJOHUPUIFTIBQF
QBMNBUF IFBSUTIBQFE OFFEMFTIBQFE
GFSOToHZNOPTQFSNToSIJ[PJEToTFFEToBOHJPTQFSNToGMPXFSToNPTTFT
BOE BSFOPOGMPXFSJOHQMBOUT5IFSPPUT
PGNPTTFTBSFDBMMFE
5 Find and circle five parts of the flower. Then, complete the sentences.
p c o r o l l a
e q y w q b p z
t l p i s t i l
a y s e p a l s
l x t e i g f a
s s t a m e n s
b. The are the small green leaves that protect the flower.
c. The are the male parts of the flower. They produce pollen.
6 Match the sentences to the life processes that plants carry out.
sensitivity
a. Plants make elaborated sap.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 67
Plants TEST
Name Date
68 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Plants INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in groups of four. Each group
has four small plants, a paper bag,
a transparent plastic bag and water.
6. Observe the growth of the plants over the next four weeks and record your
observations. Complete the table.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 69
Animals and plants REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
A B
forest
shrubland
C grassland D
desert
high – shrubland – forest – vegetation – fertile – drought – scarce – arid – low – poor
d. Deserts do not have much water and the soil is . There is little
70 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
s e a b i r d f p
x s n a k e l i s
z f w t q x i s n
s t a r f i s h a
s q u i r r e l i
o o c t o p u s l
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 71
Animals and plants EXTENSION
Name Date
A frozen land
Tundras are one of the coldest and harshest
areas on Earth. They are found in the Arctic,
where the weather is extremely cold, dry and
windy. Trees cannot grow in tundras, but there
are many low plants. The Arctic tundra has
average temperatures of –12 ºC to –6 ºC. This
means that the top layer of soil, called the
permafrost, is almost always frozen.
In winter, the permafrost is covered with
a thick layer of snow, and no plants are visible.
In summer, there are 24 hours a day of sunlight,
and the surface of the permafrost melts. Wildflowers appear everywhere.
Many animals live in the Arctic tundra, including Arctic foxes, polar bears, caribous and
snow geese. Unfortunately, as a result of global warming, temperatures are rising. This is
causing the permafrost to melt. The Arctic tundra is in danger.
2 Search the Internet for three animal species from the Arctic tundra.
Write what they eat.
animals food
72 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals and plants EXTENSION
Name Date
animals
fast Cheetahs can run at Falcons can fly at 300 Sailfish can swim at 110
animals 100 kilometres per hour. kilometres per hour. kilometres per hour.
1 Read the text and the table. Then, answer the questions.
It moves at .
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 73
Animals and plants ASSESSMENT
Name Date
A B C D
2 Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentences.
74 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
through .
a. Squirrels live most of the time in and swing from branch to branch.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 75
Animals and plants TEST
Name Date
1 Vegetation is…
a. all the plants that live in an area, region or country.
b. all the plants and animals that live in an area.
c. the flowers that grow on trees.
6 A desert is…
a. an area where there is a lot of sand.
b. an area with arid soil and little water.
c. a kind of vegetation.
9 Terrestrial animals…
a. do not need water. b. live on land. c. have wings to walk about.
10 A bat is a…
76 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Animals and plants INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in groups.
3. Search the Internet for plants and animals that live in your habitat. Find out what
they eat and how they reproduce. Print out or draw pictures.
4. Make a poster with your pictures. Write the names of the animals, what they eat
(carnivore, herbivore or omnivore) and how they reproduce (oviparous or viviparous).
5. Show your poster to your classmates and tell them about your favourite animal
or plant.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 77
Matter REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
mass
volume
3 What are the three states of water? Write solid, liquid or gas.
A B C
solids
liquids
gases
78 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 79
Matter EXTENSION
Name Date
1 Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentences.
l e m o n u c a m s
g h y u n m h n i l
k h v v p t o r n k
f g a a o y c d t c
e s s n l x o e n h
d l e i k a l a b e
a f r l j s a g v r
e m l l g f t o c r
s t r a w b e r r y
80 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Matter EXTENSION
Name Date
b. What can you see when you are standing on the bridge?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 81
Matter ASSESSMENT
Name Date
a. What is matter?
b. What is volume?
d. What is a substance?
A B C
82 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
c. Gases have a fixed volume, but the shape can vary because
they adopt the shape of the container they are in.
6 What physical change takes place? Write mixture, change of shape, change of size
or change of state.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 83
Matter TEST
Name Date
5 Gases…
a. have a fixed shape and a fixed volume.
b. have a fixed volume, but their shape can change.
c. do not have a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.
7 Contraction is…
a. combustion. b. a physical change. c. a chemical change.
9 Melting is…
a. when a gas is cooled and changes into a liquid.
b. when a solid is heated and changes into a liquid.
c. when a liquid is cooled and changes into a solid.
84 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Matter INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
Work with a partner. Do the following easy experiments.
You need a tank or large bowl of water, a dry sponge and an empty plastic bottle.
Experiment A
Squeeze a dry sponge inside a tank
or bowl of water. What do you see?
Complete the table.
Experiment B
Put an empty plastic bottle sideways
inside a tank or bowl of water. What
do you see? Complete the table.
Experiment A
Experiment B
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 85
Materials and machines REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
wood
leather
paper pottery
granite glass
a. Hemp
is used to make furniture.
b. Wood
is used to make fabrics.
c. Cotton
86 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
6 Choose two machines from Activity 5. Explain what they are used for.
a. We use to .
b. to .
ACROSS
1. A ramp (two words). 2
1
DOWN
2. A rigid bar.
3. A solid disk that turns on an axle.
4. A wheel with a rope around it.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 87
Materials and machines EXTENSION
Name Date
The wheel
The wheel is one of the most important inventions of all
time. It changed our means of transport forever.
The wheel is a simple machine that was invented over
5,000 years ago. It consists of a disk that turns on an
axle. The first wheels were simple disks made of solid
wood. Wheels with spokes were invented over 1,000
years later.
Later, wheels were made of metal. This allowed heavy
objects to be moved from one place to another.
After that, metal wheels were covered with rubber
and cork. These wheels are still used today because
they are so light and resilient.
1 Circle the illustration of the oldest wheel. Then, answer the question.
A B C D
t 8IZEPZPVUIJOLUIJTJTUIFPMEFTUXIFFM
2 Think about life before the invention of the wheel. How do you think people moved
heavy objects?
88 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Materials and machines
EXTENSION
Name Date
b. Originally, the pulp used to make paper came from boiled cloth.
2 Search the Internet. How is paper recycled? Write three or four sentences
describing the process.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 89
Materials and machines ASSESSMENT
Name Date
1 Name the materials used to make these objects. Then, write N (natural)
or M (man-made) next to each material.
a. paper ▶
b. iron ▶
c. plastic ▶
4 Name one invention for each category. Then, write what energy it uses.
invention energy
transport
communication
90 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
A B
C D
that helps steer the bicycle, and two pedals that act as .
The pedals turn a that moves a chain. The chain connects the
pedals to the back wheel. The bicycle needs energy from to work.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 91
Materials and machines TEST
Name Date
1 Natural materials…
a. come from animals, plants and minerals.
b. are manufactured from other materials.
c. are very hard and resistant.
4 Wool, leather and silk are examples of materials that come from…
a. animals. b. plants. c. minerals.
5 Machines…
a. help us to save time and energy and make our work easier.
b. are objects that we can see in museums.
c. are only used for transport.
7 A pulley is…
a. a complex machine. b. a simple machine. c. not a machine.
10 The printing press, the plane or the watermill are examples of…
92 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Materials and machines
INVESTIGATE
Name Date
Instructions
1. Work in groups of four to make a poster.
2. Use magazines and catalogues to find
pictures of simple and complex machines
used in everyday life. Cut the pictures out
and sort them into two piles: simple and
complex machines.
3. Divide a piece of card into two sections.
Write two titles: Simple machines and
Complex machines. Glue the pictures
on the corresponding section and label
them.
4. Next to each picture, write the energy
source each machine needs to work.
5. Once the poster is finished, complete
the table. You can also add other
machines which do not appear on
your poster.
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 93
Energy and the environment
REINFORCEMENT
Name Date
DOWN 3
5. Energy in a ball that
is falling.
6. Energy from a lamp.
4
94 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
REINFORCEMENT
4 How do we know these things have got energy? Write an example for each.
a. the wind
b. a football player
Wind, water and sunlight are energy sources. They will run out soon!
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 95
Energy and the environment
EXTENSION
Name Date
2 Explain how the steam engine works. What kind of energy does water vapour
have?
96 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Energy and the environment
EXTENSION
Name Date
d. Think of modern wind farms. How are modern wind turbines similar to the
old windmills?
e. Are modern wind farms used to grind grain? What are they used for?
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 97
Energy and the environment
ASSESSMENT
Name Date
b. c e. n
c. t f. l
a. fuel d. wind
b. uranium e. water
c. sunlight f. fire
A B C
A B C
98 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
ASSESSMENT
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 99
Energy and the environment
TEST
Name Date
3 Food contains…
a. light energy. b. chemical energy. c. electrical energy.
4 In a lamp, …
a. mechanical energy transforms into thermal energy.
b. electrical energy transforms into light energy.
c. electrical energy transforms into chemical energy.
6 Coal is…
a. renewable. b. non-renewable. c. a pure substance.
a. practise the three ‘Rs’. b. use a lot of water. c. use plastic bags.
100 Natural Science 3 Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing
Energy and the environment
INVESTIGATE
Name Date
b. We reuse .
c. We recycle .
plastic bag
cardboard box
Photocopiable material © 2014 Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing Natural Science 3 101
Answer key
c. The vibration of the eardrum moves the three right column: optic nerve, retina.
small bones. 3. Read and complete.
d. The sound then goes to the cochlea. a. The eyes are the sense organs of sight.
e. The cochlea sends the sound through the auditory nerve b. The eyelids, eyelashes and eyebrows protect the eyes.
to the brain. c. The pupil is the hole in the centre of the iris through
which light passes.
PAGE 15 d. When we see an object, the information is sent to the
3. Read and complete the table. brain through the optic nerve.
smell: The sense organ is the nose. It allows you to capture 4. Label the parts of the ear.
or identify smells. left column: pinna, eardrum.
taste: The sense organ is the tongue. It allows you to right column: auditory nerve, cochlea.
capture or identify flavours.
touch: The sense organ is the skin. It allows you to capture PAGE 19
or identify different characteristics of objects. 5. Circle the correct word.
4. Match the parts of the organs to their function. a. The pinna captures the sound.
a. taste buds: capture flavours of food. b. The cochlea sends the sound through the auditory nerve
to the brain.
b. epithelium: captures smells.
c. The brain interprets the information.
c. touch receptors: distinguish hot or cold.
d. retina: captures light. 6. What part of your nose captures smells?
e. cochlea: captures sound. Smell receptors in the olfactory epithelium capture smells.
7. Complete the sentences.
5. Label the diagram of the nose.
a. Touch is the sense which allows you to identify
clockwise, starting top left: olfactory bulb, nasal cavity,
characteristics of the objects around you.
olfactory nerve, nostrils, olfactory epithelium.
b. The sense organ of touch is the skin.
PAGE 23
5. Read and complete the sentences.
a. You need fats and carbohydrates for energy.
b. You need proteins to grow.
c. You need vitamins and minerals to be healthy.
d. You need fibre for your digestive system to work well.
6. Look at the food. Circle the nutrients they give you.
top row: proteins, proteins, carbohydrates.
bottom row: fats, vitamins, fibre.
7. Tick (✓) the correct sentence.
a. Calcium is a mineral that makes up our bones.
8. Circle the healthier food in each pair of words.
top row: oil, milk, grapes.
bottom row: chicken, bread, tomato.
EXTENSION
PAGE 24
1. Read the text and answer the questions.
a. The people of Naples added tomatoes to pizzas.
b. The ingredients of Pizza Margherita are tomatoes,
mozzarella cheese and basil.
c. It is called Pizza Margherita because Queen Margherita
of Italy loved it.
d. Today pizza is eaten all over the world.
e. Pizza can have many different toppings including tuna,
mushrooms and olives.
2. Draw and write about your favourite pizza. 7. Find and circle four nutrients. Then, write.
OA
r x p v d s m z
PAGE 25
s o g i l a i v
1. Circle the correct words.
a. Based on culture, people eat different foods around the p r o t e i n s
world.
b. Reindeer meat is an unusual food eaten in Canada. g s w a e t e b
c. An unusual food eaten in Thailand is insects.
f k t m x y r p
d. Foods like reindeer meat and insects mainly provide
proteins.
y i p i a n a j
e. In England, fruits and nuts are symbols of fertility and
good fortune. r t a n q d l w
2. Search the Internet for other foods for special
celebrations.
f a t s l c s o
OA
Carbohydrates is missing in the word search.
ASSESSMENT 8. Cross out the least healthy food for each meal.
Write a healthier option.
PAGE 26
a. a piece of cake. MA. eggs.
1. Read the sentences and match. b. chips. MA. bread.
a. fibre; b. proteins; c. vitamins and minerals; c. a hamburguer. MA. an apple.
d. carbohydrates and fats.
2. Is this a healthy breakfast? Explain. TEST
MA PAGE 28
Yes, it is a healthy breakfast. There is protein in the milk, 1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c; 5. a; 6. b; 7. a; 8. a; 9. c; 10. b.
vitamins in the fruit, and carbohydrates in the cereal.
3. Circle the foods you should eat every day. INVESTIGATE
milk; fruit; meat; bread; vegetables. PAGE 29
4. What nutrients does each of these foods contain? OA
a. calcium and proteins; b. fats; c. carbohydrates;
d. vitamins, minerals and fibre; e. proteins;
f. carbohydrates.
5. Cross out the odd food in each food group.
A. milk; B. olive oil; C. carrot.
PAGE 27
6. How much should you eat? Write more or less.
a. If you are overweight, you should eat less.
b. If you are underweight, you should eat more.
c. If you do a lot of exercise, you should eat more.
d. If you are old, you should eat less.
e. If you are young, you should eat more.
TEST ANIMALS
PAGE 36 REINFORCEMENT
1. c; 2. a; 3. c; 4. b; 5. a; 6. a; 7. c; 8. a; 9. b; 10. c.
PAGE 38
PAGE 39
4. Find five vertebrates. Then, complete.
d e j m q a k t o
c h a m e l e o n
e j m i o i h r n
h l x a s z c t l
i g u a n a u o o
r u e j m r b i p
u z b c v d u s e
i a i s n a k e e
EXTENSION
PAGE 40
1. Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the
false sentences.
a. T; b. T; c. F; d. F; e. T.
A decibel is a unit for measuring sound.
The sound of a jet engine is quieter than the call of a blue
whale.
2. Use the code to find out how animals communicate. 10. Complete the table.
trumpet; chatter; quack; chirp; hiss. mammals: lungs, hair, legs, viviparous.
reptiles: lungs, scales, legs, oviparous.
PAGE 41
birds: lungs, feathers, wings and legs, oviparous.
1. Write a definition for these words.
fish: gills, scales, fins, oviparous.
MA
amphibians: lungs and skin, bare skin, legs, oviparous.
Hibernate: When an animal sleeps during the coldest
months of the year. TEST
Migrate: When animals travel long distances to find warmer
climates. PAGE 44
1. a; 2. c; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a; 6. b; 7. a; 8. c; 9. b; 10. b.
2. Use the colour key and circle the illustrations.
blue: stork, whale.
INVESTIGATE
red: frog, bear
PAGE 45
ASSESSMENT OA
PAGE 42
1. Write the five groups of vertebrate animals.
mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish.
2. What group do these animals belong to?
A. reptiles; B. birds; C. mammals; D. amphibians; E. fish.
3. Tick (✓) the correct options.
a; b; c.
4. Write an example of each type of animal.
MA
marine mammal: whale.
flying mammal: bat.
primate: monkey.
5. Read and circle the mistakes. Then, write the correct
words.
Reptiles are viviparous oviparous animals. They breathe
through gills lungs.
Their skin is covered with hair scales. Most of them live on
land and slither.
PAGE 43
6. Complete the sentences with Fish or Amphibians.
a. Amphibians have bare skin.
b. Fish breathe only through gills.
c. Amphibians breathe through lungs and their skin.
7. Circle the word related to birds in each pair.
top row: animals, vertebrate, feathers.
bottom row: wings, oviparous.
8. What animal is it?
It is a frog.
9. Write the name of two animals which match the
descriptions.
MA
a. dog, eagle; b. shark, tuna; c. lizard, crocodile;
d. dolphin, whale.
INVERTEBRATES PAGE 49
ANIMALS AND PEOPLE 2. Look at the calendar. In which year were you born?
OA
REINFORCEMENT
PAGE 57
PAGE 54
1. Circle the foods that come from animals. 1. Match these words from the text to their definitions.
eggs, sausages, cheese, meat, honey, milk. a. groundhog: a small, brown, furry animal with short legs.
b. burrow: a hole or tunnel in the ground where a small
2. What materials do we obtain from these animals? What animal lives.
things can we make with them?
c. hibernate: be in a dormant condition in the winter
a. Sheep give us wool. MA. We can make clothes. months.
b. Cows give us leather. MA. We can make shoes. d. predict: forecast.
c. Silkworms give us silk. MA. We can make scarves.
e. shadow: a dark shape produced when light is blocked.
3. Find seven animals that can be used for transport.
2. Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the
Then, write.
false sentences.
a. T; b. F; c. F.
o x q e t s d a
On Groundhog Day, a groundhog predicts the weather for
i p o t v d o g the rest of winter.
If the groundhog sees its shadow, it means the winter
e l e p h a n t weather will continue.
a l y m l d k e ASSESSMENT
n a h o r s e v PAGE 58
a. Farmers raise animals for their meat, milk, eggs or skins. a. Beekeeping is the farming of bees to obtain honey and
This is called livestock farming. wax.
b. In extensive farming, animals live in the open and eat b. Pisciculture is the farming of fish for food.
grass.
PAGE 59
c. In intensive farming, animals lived fenced in and farmers
feed them. 4. Complete the sentences about sheep farming.
TEST PLANTS
PAGE 60 REINFORCEMENT
1. c; 2. b; 3. a; 4. a; 5. b; 6. b; 7. b; 8. c; 9. a; 10. c.
PAGE 62
PAGE 63
5. Complete the sentences about the stages of
reproduction of a plant. Then, write a, b, c and d next
to the drawings.
a. Pollen is formed in the stamens.
b. A grain of pollen reaches the pistil of another flower.
c. The ovary matures and turns into fruit. The fruit contains
the seeds.
d. When a seed falls to the ground, it germinates and a
new plant grows.
left column: a, d.
right column: b, c.
6. What do plants need to grow? Label the drawing.
left column: sunlight, mineral salts.
right column: carbon dioxide, water.
7. Read and match.
mosses and ferns: non-flowering plants.
angiosperms and gymnosperms: flowering plants.
EXTENSION
PAGE 64
1. Read the text and answer the questions.
a. Floral emblems are usually plants that grow in
abundance in the country.
b. The floral emblem of England is the rose.
c. OA
d. OA
e. OA
2. Label the parts of the leaf. Then, read and tick (✓). d. The petals are coloured leaves. They form the corolla.
left: leaf blade. 6. Match the sentences to the life processes that plants
right: petiole. carry out.
ANIMALS AND PLANTS 2. Search the Internet for three animal species from the
Arctic tundra. Write what they eat.
REINFORCEMENT OA
PAGE 70
PAGE 73
1. Look and match the pictures to the areas.
1. Read the text and the table. Then, answer the
A. grassland; B. forest; C. desert; D. shrubland. questions.
2. Read and complete. a. the sloth; b. the cheetah; c. on land; d. in the air.
a. Trees grow in fertile soil with high humidity. Many trees 2. Find your favourite animal on the Internet.
together form a forest.
OA
b. Bushes grow in places with poor soil and low humidity.
An area dominated by bushes is a shrubland.
ASSESSMENT
c. Grasslands are areas with long periods of drought. Trees
and bushes are scarce because they need water all year PAGE 74
round.
1. Write the names of these areas.
d. Deserts do not have much water and the soil is arid.
A. desert; B. shrubland; C. forest; D grassland.
There is little vegetation. Only plants that need little
water can live in deserts. 2. Read and write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the
false sentences.
3. Where do these animals live? Explain.
a. T; b. F; c. T; d. F; e. T.
MA
Pines, oaks and beeches are types of trees.
Seabirds spend most of their lives over the sea. They only
go to land to reproduce. Deserts are areas with arid soil and low humidity.
Squirrels live most of the time in trees and swing from 3. What is vegetation? Explain.
branch to branch. Vegetation is all the plants in an area, region or country.
PAGE 71 4. Read and complete the words.
4. Find and circle eight animals. Then, write. a. vegetation; b. drought; c. savannah; d. shrubland.
s e a b i r d f p PAGE 75
5. Read the text and complete.
x s n a k e l i s
Some aquatic animals live in the sea. They are marine
z f w t q x i s n animals. Others live in fresh water, in lakes or rivers.
Aquatic animals spend most of their lives in water. Many
s t a r f i s h a of them breathe in oxygen from the water through gills.
Others come to the surface of the water to breathe in air,
s q u i r r e l i
through lungs.
o o c t o p u s l 6. Circle the correct animal.
a. bat; b. mussel; c. skater; d. snake; e. duck.
5. Classify these marine animals.
7. Read, then write the correct word.
They breathe through lungs: whales, seals, turtles.
a. trees; b. slither; c. underground.
They breathe through gills: sharks, sardines, tuna.
6. Write T (true) or F (false). TEST
a. T; b. T; c. F; d. F; e. T; f. F.
PAGE 76
1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. b; 5. c; 6. b; 7. a; 8. a; 9. b; 10. a.
EXTENSION
PAGE 72 INVESTIGATE
1. Read the text and circle the correct word. PAGE 77
a. Tundras are found in the Arctic. OA
b. In the summer, there are 24 hours a day of sunlight.
c. The top layer of the soil is the permafrost.
d. Winter in the Arctic tundra is extremely cold.
e. Global warming is harming the Arctic tundra.
MATTER 2. Find and circle six ice cream flavours. Then, write.
REINFORCEMENT l e m o n u c a m s
PAGE 78 g h y u n m h n i l
1. Complete the sentences.
k h v v p t o r n k
Everything around us that takes up space is made up of
matter. All objects have two properties: mass, which is the f g a a o y c d t c
amount of matter in an object, and volume, which is the e s s n l x o e n h
amount of space an object occupies. The different types of
matter are called substances. d l e i k a l a b e
a. mixture; b. change of shape; c. change of size; 4. Complete the stages involved in making paper.
d. change of state. a. Wood is broken up into small pieces.
7. Complete the chart with solidification, condensation, b. The pieces are mixed with other substances to make
melting and evaporation. pulp.
top: melting, evaporation. c. The pulp is filtered to get rid of impurities.
bottom: solidification, condensation. d. The paper pulp is spread onto a moving belt.
e. The final product is wound onto spools.
TEST
PAGE 87
PAGE 84
5. How do these machines work? Use the key and circle.
1. b; 2. c; 3. a; 4. c; 5. c; 6. b; 7. b; 8. a; 9. b; 10. a.
red: hi-fi, fan, computer.
EXTENSION
PAGE 88
1. Circle the illustration of the oldest wheel. Then, answer
the question.
C.
t ."*UIJOLJUJTUIFPMEFTUXIFFMCFDBVTFXIFFMTXJUI
spokes and wheels made of metal were invented later.
2. Think about life before the invention of the wheel. How
do you think people moved heavy objects?
MA. People used animals to transport heavy objects.
PAGE 89
1. Read and write True or False.
a. False; b. True; c. True; d. True; e. False.
2. Search the Internet. How is paper recycled? Write three ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
or four sentences describing the process.
OA REINFORCEMENT
PAGE 94
ASSESSMENT
1. Complete the crossword about forms of energy.
PAGE 90 1. electrical; 2. thermal; 3. chemical; 4. nuclear;
1. Name the materials used to make these objects. 5. mechanical; 6. light.
Then, write N (natural) or M (man-made) next to each 2. Circle six energy sources and classify them.
material.
sun, petroleum, wind, natural gas, coal, water.
top row: plastic (M), leather (N).
renewable energy sources: sun, wind, water.
bottom row: wool (N), wood (N), rubber (M), glass (M).
non-renewable energy sources: petroleum, natural gas,
2. Write the raw materials. coal.
a. paper: wood; b. iron: minerals; c. plastic: petroleum. 3. Complete the sentences.
3. Write T (true) or F (false). a. In a toaster, electrical energy transforms into thermal
a. F; b. T; c. T; d. F; e. T. energy.
b. In a light bulb, electrical energy transforms into light
4. Name one invention for each category. Then, write energy.
what energy it uses.
c. In a torch, chemical energy transforms into light energy.
MA
invention: bicycle, radio, vacuum cleaner. PAGE 95
energy: human, electrical, electrical. 4. How do we know these things have got energy? Write
an example for each.
PAGE 91
MA
5. Complete the sentences. a. the wind: It can move the sails of a windsurf.
a. Machines save us time and effort. b. a football player: He/She can run around and kick a ball.
b. A telephone is a machine that lets us communicate.
5. Read and correct this sentence.
c. All machines need energy to work.
Wind, water and sunlight are renewable energy sources.
d. Scissors need energy from people to work. They will never run out!
6. Write what type of energy these machines use. 6. What fossil fuels are they? Read and answer.
A. energy from people; B. electrical energy; a. petroleum; b. coal; c. natural gas.
C. energy from fuel; D. energy from wind.
7. Read and match.
7. Complete the text.
a. thermal power plants; b. solar power plants;
A bicycle is a complex machine because it is made up c. wind farms; d. hydroelectric power plants.
of many operating parts. It has got two wheels, a handle
8. Look at the photos and describe the environmental
bar that helps steer the bicycle, and two pedals that act
problem.
as levers. The pedals turn a gear that moves a chain.
MA
The chain connects the pedals to the back wheel.
Pollution is the accumulation of harmful substances and
The bicycle needs energy from people to work.
waste products in soil, water and air. These harmful
substances cause many problems: harmful smoke from
TEST cars and factories, dirty soil and water, and global warming.
PAGE 92
EXTENSION
1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a; 6. b; 7. b; 8. a; 9. b; 10. c.
PAGE 96
INVESTIGATE
1. Read the text and answer the questions.
PAGE 93 a. The steam engine was invented in the 18th century.
OA b. James Watt invented the steam engine.
c. The steam engine was used in many different ways.
For example, it was used in factories, in mines and for
means of transport, especially trains.
2. Explain how the steam engine works. What kind of 8. Write three different ways to save energy.
energy does water vapour have? MA
Water vapour is produced by burning coal to heat water to Switch the tap off while brushing your teeth.
extremely high temperatures. The energy from the water
Use public transport.
vapour moves the wheel at a steady rhythm.
Control the temperature of the heating and the air
Water vapour has thermal energy.
conditioning.
PAGE 97
TEST
1. Read the text and answer the questions.
a. Windmills use energy from wind to work. PAGE 100
b. Windmills were used to grind grains of wheat and make 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b; 7. a; 8. b; 9. c; 10. a.
flour.
c. mechanical. INVESTIGATE
d. Modern windmills still have big sails. PAGE 101
e. No, modern wind farms aren’t used to grind grain. They OA
are used to generate electricity.
ASSESSMENT
PAGE 98
1. What is energy? Define in your own words.
MA
Energy is something that has the power to move or change
the position of something else.
2. Complete the forms of energy.
a. mechanical; b. chemical; c. thermal; d. electrical;
e. nuclear; f. light.
3. What type of energy have they got?
a. chemical; b. nuclear; c. light; d. mechanical;
e. mechanical; f. thermal.
4. Write energy transformations in each object.
A. chemical into mechanical; B. electrical into light;
C. electrical into mechanical.
5. Write the names of the power plants.
A. solar power plant; B. hydroelectric power plant;
C. wind farm.
PAGE 99
6. Classify the types of energy sources. Then, answer the
questions.
renewable energy sources: sunlight, wind, water.
non-renewable energy sources: coal, petroleum, uranium.
a. Renewable energy sources will never run out but
non-renewable energy sources will.
b. Fossil fuels are non-renewable because they will run out
one day.
7. Match the type of power station to its source of energy.
thermal power station: fossil fuels.
hydroelectric power station: water.
wind farm: wind.
nuclear power station: uranium.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any
form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the copyright
holders. Any infraction of the rights mentioned would be considered a violation of the intellectual property
(Article 270 of the Penal Code). If you need to photocopy or scan any fragment of this work, contact CEDRO
(Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos, www.cedro.org).
CP: 607227