Name: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 TOTAL

Student No:
15 20 25 25 100
SOLUTIONS
ELE 311 MIDTERM EXAM
ELECTRONICS II December 12th , 2012

Answer all four questions. Explain your assumptions.

Q1. Consider circuit shown below,

a) Determine the output vo in terms of the input vi ,

b) Sketch vo if vi = 5 sin(ωt) V.

Note that voltage drops across the Zener diodes are 4.7 V on reverse bias and 0.7 V on
forward bias. Assume the opamp is ideal.

SOLUTION:
Q2. For the multistage amplifier shown below

VBE(ON ) = 0.7 V

hf e = hF E = 200

1/hoe = ∞

VT = γ = 26 mV

Q1 ≡ Q2

a) Find the DC parameters ICQ1 , VCQ1 , ICQ2 and VCQ2 .

vo
b) Compute the overall voltage gain Av = .
vi
Hint: Expected multistage amplifier model can be arranged as below:

SOLUTION:
Q3. For the circuit shown below, assume all transistors are identical.

a) Calculate the overall differential voltage gain Ad = vo /vd where vd = vi2 − vi1 .

b) Calculate a new value for R1 such that vo = 0 V when vi1 = vi2 = 0 V.

VBE(ON ) = 0.7 V

hf e = 100

γ = VT = 26 mV

SOLUTION:

a) Let us start with calculating the current values and hie values

VCC − VBEA − VEE 19.3

I1 = = = 0.495 mA
R1 39k
IE1,2 = I1 = 0.495 mA

IE3,4 = 2 I1 = 0.99 mA
IE3,4
IE3 = IE4 = = 0.495 mA
2
IE
IE1 = IE2 = 1,2 = 0.248 mA
2
VT 26m
hie1 = hie2 = (hf e + 1) = 101 = 10.6 kΩ
IE1 0.248m
VT 26m
hie3 = hie4 = (hf e + 1) = 101 = 5.3 kΩ
IE3 0.495m

Let us calculate the input resistance Ri2 of the second stage differential amplifier
and the input resistance Ri3 of the final stage emitter follower

Ri2 = hie3 + hie4 = 10.6 kΩ

Ri3 = hie5 + (hf e + 1)R7 ≈ (hf e + 1)R7 = 1.01 MΩ

 Let us calculate the gain of the first stage differential amplifier, where the input
resistance of the second stage is the load of the first stage, gain of the second stage
differential amplifier and gain of the final stage emitter follower.

vc1 − vc2 R2 ||Ri2 27k||10.6k

Av1 = = hf e = 100 = 71.81
vi2 − vi1 hie1 10.6k
vc4 R5 ||Ri3 10k||1.01M
Av2 = = hf e = 100 = 93.42
vc1 − vc2 2 hie3 2 × 5.3k
vo hie5 + (hf e + 1)R7
Av3 = = ≈1
vc4 (hf e + 1)R7

Thus the overall voltage gain is given by

vo
Av = = Av1 × Av2 × Av3
vd
= 71.81 × 93.42 × 1

= 6709

b) If vo = 0 then as vo = VEE + IE5 R7 = VCC − IC4 R4 − VBE,5 then

VCC − VBE,5 − vo 10 − 0.7 − 0

IC4 = = = 0.93 mA
R5 10k
IE4 ≈ IC4 = 0.93 mA

I1 = IE4 = 0.93 mA
VCC − VBEA − VEE 19.3
R1 = = = 20.76 kΩ.
I1 0.93m

4
Q4. For the circuit shown below

a) Determine the type of feedback,

b) Draw the small-signal analysis circuit without feedback (i.e. open-loop circuit),

c) Determine the open-loop (i.e. without feedback) gain A, feedback gain β, input
resistance Ri and output resistance Ro ,

d) Determine the overall closed-loop (i.e. with feedback) gain Af , input resistance Rif
and output resistance Rof .

gm = 10mΩ−1

rds = 100k Ω

SOLUTION:

a) Voltage-series feedback

b) Small-signal analysis circuit without feedback is given by

c) As ig = 0, so vi = −vgs . Also ii = −is = −id and RL = ∞. Then,

vo 
A= 
vi RL =∞
(gm rds + 1) [RD ||(R1 + R2 )]
= (or gm [RD ||(R1 + R2 )] for rds = ∞)
rds + RD ||(R1 + R2 )
= 118.23 (or 133.93 for rds = ∞)

vf
β=
vo
R1
=
R1 + R2
= 0.2


vi 
Ri = 
ii RL =∞
rds + [RD ||(R1 + R2 )] 1
= (or for rds = ∞)
gm rds + 1 gm
= 113.3 Ω (or 100 Ω for rds = ∞)


vo 
Ro = 
io RL =vo ,vi =0

= RD ||(R1 + R2)||rds (or RD ||(R1 + R2 ) for rds = ∞)

= 11.8 kΩ (or 13.4 kΩ for rds = ∞)

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d) Closed-loop characteristics (RL = RD )

vo 
Af = 
vi RL =∞
A
=
1 + βA
= 4.80 (or 4.82 for rds = ∞)


vi 
Rif = 
ii RL =∞

= (1 + βA)Ri

= 2.79 kΩ (or 2.78 kΩ for rds = ∞)


vo 
Rof = 
io RL =vo ,vi =0
Ro
=
1 + βA
= 479 Ω (or 482 Ω for rds = ∞)