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1.Ions = Na+ K+ Ca2+ (water soluble nd cant cross CM) Transcellular Fluid ( Normal 1L )
-To make the Ions cross CMwe use Proteins of CM as ION *part ofECF
CHANNELS(Tunnel proteins ) / PUMPS ( use ATP) *Present in the body cavities Eg : pleural fluid , CSF , Pericardial fluid.
2. Water uses protein called Aquaporin.
3. Sloutes eg: Sugar like Glucose , Amino acid(AA) etc, use protein as Transport Across CM
Transporters/Carriers Active Passive
GLUT = GLUcose Transporter Against gradient Along Gradient
4. Water soluble Hormones(Big Size ,water soluble ) Low to High High to Low
Eg : Polypeptide(AA linked by peptide bond) require Energy/ATP No ATP needed
- Insulin(51 AA) eg: Pumps eg: O2/CO2 diffusion
- they cant enter inside so they act from outside.
5. Act as Antigen ( ID cards)
Eg: MHC I & II Nucleus --- Chromosome -- Genes
Antigen
Self Foreign mRNA
NO antibodies fromed formed Ab against self Ag Ribosome Translation
against self Ag ( Attached to ER Polypeptide ( Protein )
RER Rough ER Post Translation modification
& Folding
Body Fluids Functional Protein(ER)
Protein into vesicles for
60-70% of body weight is water called Total Boday Water ( TBW) secretion in GA
Female & Obese have less water due to more body fat (GA lipid & steroid Synthesis)
TBW Exocytosis
ICF (2/3) ECF(1/3)
ECF Mitochondria
Plasma(25%) Interstetial Fluid(75%) * Power House
-Fluid in vessels or - Fluid Btw cells and vessels * ATP production ( Oxidative phosphorylation )
-Blood minus cells - also called Tissue Fluid
- from the Lymph
Plasma :3L
ECF : 12L (plasma x 4)
ICF : 24L(ECF x 2)
TBW : 36L (ECF + ICF )
Body weight : TBW x100/60
Body weight = 60kg
CNS - EEG & Sleep ( 100% mcq )
EEG WAVES
Awake Sleep
AWAKE
Alpha wave Beta Wave
- Eye closed - Eye open
- No disturbance (Silent - Sensory stimulation
room) - Active thinking ,
- Mind free & wandering working mind
- Freq : 8 - 13 Hz - 14 - 30 Hz
SLEEP
Light Sleep ( Theta wave) Deep Sleep ( Delta wave)
- Easily aroused - Difficult to aroused
- Freq : 4-7Hz - Freq : 0 – 3 Hz
SLEEP CYCLE
REM NON REM
(memory formation , beta waves) ( theta and Delta )
1.Rapid eye movement sleep 1. NON REM
2. Also called as Active Mind Sleep 2. Also called as Inactive mind
3. Paradoxical sleep sleep
4. Produced by PontineTegmentum 3.Hypothallamus, medulla, etc.