ASME B31.3 Interpretation

Interpretations No.1 to ANSI/ASME B31.
3
(This supplement is not part of the ANSIIASME 831.3. It is included for infonnation only.)
It has been agreed to publish Interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3 as part
of the subscription service. This supplement includes Interpretations concerning B31 J issued between
January 1,1980, and December 31,1982. Future versions of this supplement will cover inquiries issued
over 1 year periods. Each Interpretation applies to the lat~st Edition or Addenda at the time of issuance of
the Interpretation. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply.
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B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-1,1·:
Interpretation: 1·1
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;. . ~ Subject: Table 327.4.IA, Umitations on Imperfections in Welds
Date Issued: February 8. 1980
File: 1426
Question: Does Note F to Table 327.4.1 A al10w concavity of the root surface of a depth equivalent
to the actual external weld reinforcement, prOVided the reinforcement does nol exceed the maximum al·
lowed by the Code?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee thaI Note F to Table 327.4.1 A allows concavity of the rOOl
surface of a depth equivalent to the actual external weld reinforcement, provided the reinforcement does
not exceed the maximum allowed by the Code.
Subject: 337, Pressure Tests
Date Issued: April II, 1980
File: 1428
Question (1): When pressure testing, does 337 reqUire the test pump to be isolated from the piping
being tested when the test pressure has been attained?
Reply (l): It is the opinion of the Committee that the Code does not require isolation of the test
pump. It is not the intent of the Code to require specific equipment which may be necessary to perform the
examinations and tests required by the Code.
Question (2): What are the acceptance criteria for pressure tests performed in accordance with
ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that the acceptance criterion is a visual examination for
leakage to verify that there are no leaks in the tested piping.
Question (3): In reference to 337.1, what are some examples of "minor repairs or additions"?
Reply (3): It is the opinion of the Committee that minor repairs or additions are those which would
not affect the load carrying ability or leak tightness when precautionary measures are taken to assure sound
construction.
3
1·3 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Interpretation: )-3
Subject: 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations
Date Issued: April 11, 1980
File: 1434
Question (1): What is the reason for allowances for occasional variations of pressure and tempera-
ture above design conditions in ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Reply (l): As stated in ANSI/ASME B31.3. "Occasional variations of pressure or tempera ture. or
both, above operating levels are characteristic of certain services". It is the opinion of the Committee that
this Code recognizes that occasional loads do not require the same factor of safety on stress as long time
sustained loads. ANSI/ASME B31.3 allows an increase in allowable stress when designing for such varia·
tions prOVided all of the limitations of 302.2.3 (now 302.2.4) are adhered to.
Question (2): Is the allowance normally used in refinery and offshore facilities design?
Reply (2): The Committee does not have statistics on the frequency of application of various Code
provisions by users. It is the opinion of the Committee that occasional variations are normally designed for
in certain services in petroleum refineries and offshore facilities.
Question (3): Is it permissible to apply 302.2.3 (now 302.2.4) to offshore piping installations de-
signed in accordance with ANSI/ ASME B3I.3?
Reply (3): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that all provisions of ANSI/ASME B31.3 are ap-
plicable to all facilities covered by the scope of the Code unless there is a specific statement to the contrary.
The reader is directed to the Introduction and Scope of the Code which state, "The designer is cau.
tioned that the Code is not a design handbook. The Code does not do away"With the need for the designer
or competent engineering judgement" and "Where service requirements necessitate measures beyond the
Code ~imum, such measurts shall be specified by the engineering design. Where so specified, the Code
requires that they be accomplished."
4
831.3 Interpretations No.1 1-4, 1·5
r Interpretation: 1-4
" Subject:
Date Issued:
337.1, Pressure Tests
April II, ]980
File: ]435
Question (]): Does the test referred to in 337.1 apply only to newly constructed piping systems?
Reply (1): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that the test required by 337.J applies only to
newly constructed piping systems, whether in the original installation or replacement in or of existing
facilities.
Question (2): Does the test referred to in 337.1 apply only to leakage to the environment?
Reply (2): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that the test referred to in 337.] applies only to
leakage to the environment.
Interpretation: 1-S
Subject: 336.6.1 (c), Progressive Examination
»ate Issued: April 11, 1980
File: 1444
Question: At what percentage repair rate does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit one to revert to spot
radiography, upon improvement of the quality of welds, in a piping system requiring spot radiography of
welds but which has been subjected to 100% radiography due to poor weld quality?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not set down a repair rate percentage at which time the user may reo
tum to a random or spot percentage. 336.6.l(c), Progressive Examination, requires that all welds represented
by the original examination be repaired or replaced as per 336.6.](c)(]) or 336.6.I(c)(2). It is the opinion
of the Committee that when this is completed, one may revert (0 the original examination requirements.
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1-6 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: 319.3.6, Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: 1446
0i.. ~. , Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME 831.3 provide specific stress intensification factors for unreinforced
or reinforced fabricated pipe intersections which intersect at other than 90 deg.?
Reply (1): It is the opinion of the Committee that ANSI!ASM E B31.3 does not provide specific stress
intensification factors for lateral connections at other than 90 deg.
Question (2): What is the co~rect flexibility and stress intensification factor for welded elbows at
angles less than 90 deg.?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that, in the absence of more directly applicable data,
the flexibility characteristics and stress intensification factors specified for welding elbows and pipe bends
in Appendix D may be applied to welded elbows and pipe bends at angles less than 90 deg. in accordance
with 319.3.6.
The reader is directed to the Scope and Introduction to the Code which state, "Engineering require-
ments of this Code. while considered necessary and adequate (or safe design. generally employ a simplified
approach to the subject. A designer capable of applying a more rigorous analysis shall have the latitude to
do so," The designer is cautioned that the Code does not do away with the need for the designer or com-
petent engineering judgement.
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B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-7. 1-8
Interpretation: 1-7
Subject: Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors for an ANSI B16.9 Butt-Welding Tee ((
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Date Issued: April 11,1980
File: 1450
Question (1): What are the ANSI!ASME B31.3 flexibility and stress intensification factors for an
ANSI B16.9 butt-welding tee with a crotch radius less than 12.5% of the branch outside diameter?
Question (2): What are the ANSI/ASME B31.3 flexibility and stress intensification factors for an
ANSI Bi 6.9 butt·welding tee with a crotch thickness less than 150% of the nominal wall thickness of the
header pipe?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that extruded ANSI B16.9 welding tees with a crotch
radius less than 12.5% of the branch diameter may use flexibility characteristics and stress intensification
factors for an extruded welding tee, provided the crotch thickness is less than 150% of the nominal wall
thickness of the header pipe. If the crotch thickness is greater than 150% of the nominal header wall, or the
ANSI B16.9 tee is fabricated by methods other than extrusion, the designer has the responsibility to deter-
mine the proper flexibility characteristics and stress intensification factors.
The reader is directed to the Introduction and Scope of the Code which state: "Engineering require-
ments of this Code, while considered necessary and adequate for safe design, generally employ a simplified
approach to the subject. A designer capable of applying a more rigorous anaJysis shall have the latitude to do
so. He must be able to demonstrate the validity of his approach."
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Interpretation: 1-8
Subject: Compressors and Internal Piping
!)ate Issued: May 23, 1980
FUe: 1465
Question: Are compressors and internal piping excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: Compressors and internal piping are excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3 as indi-
cated by 300.1.4(d) [now 300.1.3(c)] and Fig. 300.1.1. However, the Code does not prohibit equipment
not within the scope of the Code from being designed to ANSI/ASME 8313. This is a contractual matter
between the manufacturer and customer.
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Subject: Table 3:!7.4.IA, Limitations on Imperfections in Welds
Date Issued: June 20, 1980
File: 1449
Question (l): Is it the intent of Notes Band C of Table 327.4.1 A to require evaluation of porosity by
(a) summing the areas of the individual pockets in any square inch of projected weld and rejecting
the weld if the sum exceeds three times the area of a single maximum pocket allowable; or
(b) summing the diameters of the individual pockets in any square inl:h of projected weld and reo
jecting the weld if the sum exceeds the diameter calculated for a circle with an area equal to three times the
area of a single maximum pocket?
Reply (l): It is the opinion of the Committee that the total area of porosity projected radially through
the weld is the sum of the areas of all the individual areas. Neither the greatest dimension of an individual
pocket nor the total projected area shall exceed the limits set forth in Notes Band C, that is part (a) of
Question (I) is the corre!:t me thod.
Question (2): The Inquirer requests that porosity charts be sent to him.
Reply (2): The Committee does not have porosity charts. As a result of your inquiry, the Committee
will consider the addition of SUdl charts to future Addenda to the Code.
Question (3): Are tungsten inclusion imperfections classified as nonfusion or porosity'?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not specifically classify tungsten inclusion imperfections. As a
result of your inquiry, the Committee will consider specific classification for future Addenda.
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B31.3 In terpretations No. 1 1-10
Interpretation: 1-10 ....

Subject: Radiographic Examination in 336
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File: 1457
Question: What records are required by 336 for radiographic examinations performed? How long must
the records be retained?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that 336.1.3 requires the manufacturer, the erector, and
the fabricator to prepare suitable records of radiographic examinations performed for the Inspector's use.
336.4.S(b) requires the radiographic methodology to be in accordance with Article 2, Section Vof
the ASME SPV Code. T-236, System of Identification, of Section V states that:
. A system shall be used to produce permanent identification on the
radiograph traceable to the contract, component, weld or weld seam,
or part numbers, as appropriate. In addition, the Manufacturer's sym-
bol or name and the date of the radiograph shall be plainly and per-
manently included on the radiograph.
T·292, Evaluation by Manufacturer, of Section V states that:
Prior to being presented to the Inspector for acceptance, the radio-
graphs shall be examined and interpreted by the Manufacturer as com-
plying with the referencing Code Section. The Manufacturer shall record
on a review form accompanying the radiographs the interpretation of
each radiograph and disposition of the material examined.
T·293, Radiographic Setup Information, of Section V states that:
To aid in proper interpretation of radiographs, details of the radio-
graphic examination setup used shall accompany each group of radio-
graphs if the same information applies. Reference to a standard setup is
acceptable if descriptions of this standard setup are readily available to
the Inspector. As a minimum, the information shall include:
(a) number of rums;
(b) the data specified in T-236 and T-237.
336.S.1(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 requires that the welds selected for random radiography include at
least one weld of each individual welder or welding operator doing the production welding. A record of this
is required so that the Inspector can verify this requirement.
Records are required to be retained to allow the Inspector reasonable time to exercise his rights deline-
ated in 336.3.
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1-11,1-12 831.3 Interpretations No.1
Interpretation: 1-11
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Subject: Use of MSS SP-75 Fittings
File: 1458
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the usc of ASTM A 633 Gr. E material to be used in the
manufacture of fittings in accordance with MSS SP·75?
Reply: MSS sp· 75 does not list specific materials of construction for fittings covered by that specifi-
cation. It is the opinion of the Committee that it is the responsibility of the designer to insure that the ma-
terial used conforms with the requirements of both MSS SP·75 (Section 6) and ANSI/ASME B31.3.
Chapter III of ANSI!ASME B31.3 provides a basis for establishing allowable stresses and lists some of the
factors to be considered in evaluating the suitability of an unlisted material, such as ASTM A 633 Gr. E.
Subject: Tables 323.2.1 and 323.2.2
File: 1460
Question: What impact tests does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require for solution-annealed Type 304 S5
(0.08 maximum carbon) for:
(1) weld procedure qualification;
(2) welder performance qualification;
(3) production welds?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the impact test requirements for weldments are
covered in Column A of Table 323.3.1 modified by 3b of Column A of Table 323.2.2 to exclude testing
of the heat affected lone. On this basis weld procedure qualification requires one test piece (3 specimens)
for impact testing of the weld for each welding procedure, type of electrode or filler metal (Le., AWS E·XXXX
classification), and each flux to be used. Additional test piece(s) (3 specimens) are required if the material
thicknesses to be welded are outside the range 1/2 to t + 1/4 where t is the thickness of the test piece. Test
pieces are not required for welder performance qualification or production welds.
As a result of your inquiry, the Committee will review present impact requirements for possible
clarification. Ally revision will appear in a subsequent Addenda to the Code.
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B31.3 Interpretations No. 1 1-13.1-14
Subject: Allowable Stresses for ASTM A 587
Date Issued: June 20,1980
File: 1461
Question: Why does ANSl/ASME 831.3 limit allowable stresses in Appendix A to 650°F for ASTM
AS8??
Reply: At the time that ASTM A 587 was added to Appendix A. it was the opinion of the Com-
mittee that a maximum temperature of 650°F was adequate to cover applications of this material in
chemical plant and petroleum refinery piping. It should be noted, however, that this does not preclude the
use of this material at higher temperatures, and procedures for establishing upper temperature limitations
are given in 323:2.1.
As a result of your inquiry, the Committee will review the need for providing allowable stresses at
higher temperatures. Any revision will appear in a subsequent Addenda to the Code.
Subject: Umitations on Undercutting in Table 327.4.1A
. Date Issued: June 20, 1980
Fue: 1466
Question:- Table 327.4.1 A lists the limitations for undercutting on girth welds as the lesser of 1/32
in. or Tw/4 for the depth. Is there a limitation on the length or width of undercutting?
Reply: No. It is the opinion of the Committee that the limiting dimension is only applicable to the
depth of undercutting.
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1-15.1·16 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: 323.1.1, Listed or Published Specifications
D'Jte Issued: August 1, 1980
File: 1477
Question: What is meant by the term "published specification" as used in 323.1.1?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that a published specification for material is one that con·
tains all of the information outlined in 323.1.1 and is available to the public. In addition, a published speci-
fication is one that has been prepared for continuing usage as opposed to a single or very limited application
such as might be covered in a design specification. Examples of published specifications include manufac-
turer's specifications for proprieury material, federal military speCifications, and unlisted ASTM specifica-
tions.
lnterpretatkln: 1-16
Subject: Expansion Joints
Date Issued: August 22, 1980
File: 1455
Question: Is an expansion joint that is used to provide for relative movement between the inner and
outer shells of a refrigerated ammonia storage tank, and to seal the space between them. considered to be
piping within the scope of ANSI/ASME 831.3, and therefore subject to the rules of 319.77
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that such a flexible component used in this manner is not
within the scope of ANSl/ASME 831.3 under the provisions of300.1.4(d) [now 300.1.3(d)]. Such exclusion
does not bar contractual agreement between purchaser and manufacturer to apply the provisions of ANSI!
ASME 831.3 to such tank parts insofar as the provisions may be suitable.
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B31.3 In tcrpretations No. I 1-17. \-\8
Subject: Use of Brazed Joints for Flammable Service
File: 1474
Question: The 1976 Edition allows the use of brazed joints for flammable service. whereas the 1973
Edition prohibits brazed joints in this service. \\'hy are these provisions different?
Reply: The use of brazed joints in flammable service is allowed in the 1976 Edition only if
appropriately safeguarded :IS outlined in Appendix G. Without the consideration for safeguarding. the
1976 Edition prohibits the use of brazed joints in flammable service. which is the same requirement as in
the 1973 Edition. Recognition of safeguarding was not incorporated in the 1973 Edition.
Subject: 302.3.2 Bases for Allowable Stresses
File: 1475
Question: Are the allowable stress values in tension that are listed in Table 1 of Appendix A the
lowest values obtained by applying all of the criteria listed in 302.3.2(d)?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that, in the majority of cases, the allowable stress values in
tension listed in Table 1 of Appendix A are the lowest values obtained by applying all of the criteria listed
in 302.3.2(d), multiplied by the appropriate quality factor (see Note 46 to Table I). For some materials
where it was not possible to obtain allowable stress values based on the criteria of 302.3.2, a more conser·
vative basis was used (e.g., ASME BPV Code, Section VIlI, Division I and ANSI B31.3-1966).
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1-19,1-20 B31.3 Interpretations No.1 ,
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Subject: Code Exclusions
Date Issued: August 22,1980
File: 1478
Question: 300.J.4(c) and (d) [now JOO.l.3(c) and (d)] set out, and Fig. 300.1.1 illustrates, a num-
ber of pieces of equipment that are excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B3I.3. Often the equipment
listed as well as other equipment. sometimes of a proprietary nature, is assembled on skids or is packaged in
a manufacturing facility. When such skids or packages containing two or more of the excluded pieces of
equipment are for installation in a facility that is to be in accordance with ANSI!ASME B3I.3, is it the
intent of the Code also to exclude the piping that interconnects the equipment?
Reply: No, such interconnecting piping is not excluded. It is the opinion of the Committee that
neither the assembly method nor the point of assembly are pertinent. Whether skidded or packaged, and
whether assembled in a manufacturing facility or in the field, the intercoMecting piping must comply with
the requirements of the Code any time the ultimate installation must comply. Some examples of where
such piping must conform to the Code are: compressor interstage piping, heater external crossover piping,
and lube oil console piping.
Subject: Th.ickness Allowances in 302.4
D.lte Issued: August 22,1980
File: 1480
Question: Should thickness allowances for items listed in 302.4 (corrosion, erosion, and thread
depth or groove depth) be included in the thickness used in the calculation of longitudinal stresses SL
in 302.3.5(c)?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the thickness allowances described in 302.4 shall no~
be included in the waIl thickness used in the c:aIculation oflongitudinal stresses SL in 302.3.5(c). The
reader is referred to the last sentence of 302.3.5{c).
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B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-21, 1-22, 1'~3
interpretation: 1-21
Subject: Extruded Outlet Headers
Date Issued: August 22; 1980
..' File: 1482
Question: Are the rules for pressure design of extruded outlet headers in 304.3.4 applicable to ex-
truded outlets that do not fall within the definition of an "extruded outlet header" given in that paragraph?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the rules of 304.3.4 are not applicable to extrudet!
outlets that do not fall within the definition of an extruded outlet header as specified in that paragraph.
Pressure design of branch connections must meet the requirements of 304.3.
Subject: Value of R 1 in 304.2.3
File: 1483
Question: In the pressure design ofeniter bends, is the correct value of R 1 to be used in Eq. (4b) of
304.2.3 the actual bend radius of the value obtained from Eq. (5)1
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the correct value of R 1 to be used in the pressure de·
sign of miter bends in accordance with Eq. (4b) of 304.2.3 is the actual effective bend radius of !T1iter bend
as defmed for Fig. 304.2.3. In addition, compliance with the Code requires that the value of R 1 be equal to
or greater than the value given by Eq. (5).
Subject: Bends '"
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Date Issued: August 22. 1980
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Fde: 1485 :'.
Question (1): How does a bend with buckles differ from a corrugated bend?
Reply (1): It is the opinion of the Committee that a corrugated bend has intentional geometrically
spaced corruptions placed at the inside radius, whereas buckling associated with pipe bends is uninten-
tional and random.
Question (2): Define "substantially free of buckles" as used in 329.1.
Reply (2): The Code does not define "substantially free of buckles."
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1-24. 1·25 831.3 Interpretations No.1
Int~rprC'tation: 1·24
Subject: 336.5 and M336.5. Extent of Required Examinatiuns
File: 1486
Question: What is the technical basis for the varied p~rcentages of required examinations stated in
336.5.l(b), M336.5.1(b), 336.5.3(b). and M336.5.3(bX2)? [NOTE: M336.5.3(bX2) was deleted in ANSl/
ASME B31.3e·1980.]
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the Code sets forth what industry considers to be the
minimum requirements for the safe design and construction of piping systems. The increasing NDE require.
ments are consistent with the increasing potential for hazards. The designer has the responsibility to specify,
and the owner to require, more stringent requirements when considered necesl'ary to increase the required
level of safety.
Subject: 337.6, Sensitive Leak Test
Date Issued: September 5, 1980
File: 1484
Question: Does demonstration of the sensitivity requirement of 337.6 apply to the gas and bubble
formation testing method specified in Article 10, Section V of the ASME BPV Code?
Reply: No. It is the opinion of the Committee that demonstration of the sensitivity requirement of
337.6 is required only if a testing method other than the gas and bubble formation testing method specified
in Article 10, Section V of the ASME BPV Code is intended to be used.
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B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-26
Subject: Examination and Inspection
Date Issued: October 10, 1980
File: 1488
An equipment fabricator is contracted by an owner to construct a palletized assembly of components

and interconnecting piping to meet ANSI!ASME B31.3. Some of the components (e.g., heat exchangers)
are supplied by the owner and some of the components (e.g., valves) are purchased by the fabricator. The
engineering design is the owner's.
Question (I): With regard to 300(b)(I) and 336.1.2, does the owner have the overall responsibility,
exercised through the Authorized Inspector, to verify that compliance with all the applicable requirements
of ANSI!ASME B31.3 and the engineering design have been met by the fabricator? (NOTE: The term
A.uthorized Inspector is now Owner's Inspector.)
Reply (1): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that under the conditions given, the owner is also
the designer and has overall responsibility for compliance with Code requirements both for the engineering
design and the required examinations and tests.
Question (2): With regard to 336.5.l(d), does the certification referred to apply only to components
and materials, or also to fabrication, examination, inspection, and test?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that the certification applies only to components and
materials.
Question (3): With regard to 336.1.1, under the conditions defined above, is the fabricator respon-
sible for fulm.ling the requirements of the examiner?
Reply (3): It is the opinion of the Committee that the fabricator is responsible for fulfilling the re-
quirements of the examiner unless otherwise specified by the owner or the engineering design.
Question (4): With regard to 336.5.1(d), if the fabricator and the examiner cannot or will not provide
the owner (Authorized Inspector) with a written certification on the materials and components, is it in
compliance with the Code if the Authorized Inspector certifies that the components and materials meet the
requirements of ANSI!ASME B31.3, provided that supporting certifications, records, or other evidence have
been reviewed by the Authorized Inspector and found satisfactory?
Reply (4): It is the opinion of the Committee that this is in compliance with the Code.
Question (5): With regard to 336.5.J(d), are the fabricator and the examiner required to furnish a
certification only for the materials and components that the fabricator supplied, or are they also reqUired
to furnish I certification for the owner supplied components?
Reply (5): The Code requires that I certification be furnished for alJ materials and components. Nor-
mally the certification is furnished by the entity providing the materials or components, but since specific
contractual agreements can modify that, it is not a matter of Code interpretation.
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/J-26. 1-27. 1·28 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
l Question (6): With regard to 300.1.4(d) [later changed to 300.1.3(d)]. arc pressure vessels, heat ex·
changers. pumps. and other fluid handling or process equipment, including intcTIlal piping and connections
for external piping. excluded from ANSl/ AS~1l~ 831.31
Reply (6): It is the opinion of the Committee that pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps, and
other fluid handling or process equipment. including internal piping and connections for external piping,
are excluded from ANSl/ASME 831.3. as indicated in 300.1.4(d) (later changed to 300.1.3(d)}.
Subject: Random Radiography in 336.5.1(b)
File: 1489
Question (1): Is it the intent of 336.5.1(b) that. in addition to the required radiography of 5% of
circumferential buttwelds for a designated lot of piping, a minimum of 5% of each welder's welds be also
radiographed?
Reply (1): No. It is the opinion of the Committee that it is the intent of the Code that each welder's
work be included in the 5% examination required in 336.S.1(b). It is not the intent to require examination
of 5% of each welder's work.
Question (2): Who selects the random welds to be examined?

., Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that 336.1,3 places the responsibility for performing
examinations on the manufacturer, the fabricator, or the erector; and therefore, in the absence of any con-
tractual arrangement between the owner and the manufacturer, the fabricator, or the erector giving the
owner the right to select welds for examination, the choice of selected welds would be the prerogative of
the manufacturer. the fabricator, or the erector.
Subject: Defmition of Tin Fig. 327.4.2B
Date Issued: October 10. 1980 t· :

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File: 1491
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Question: Figure 321.4.2B refers to the symbol T. What is the definition of T?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the definition of the symbol Tis Jiven in Appendix J. "
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B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1·29,1-30
Interpretation: ) ·29
Subject: Allowable Stresses for Austenitic Stainless Steel H Grades
Date Issued: November 3, 1980
File: 1492
Question: May the allowable stresses for ASTM A 312 Grade TP 347H pipe shown in Appendix A,
Table I be used at 1000°F and below for material that has had a stabilizing heat treatment at ISOO°F to
enhance corrosion resistance following the required solution anneal?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the allowable stresses in Appendix A, Table 1 for
all austenitic stainless steel H grades are applicable whether or not the material has received a I500°F heat
treatment.
It should be noted, however, that heat treatment to enhance corrosion resistance is not a Code mat·
ter, and as indicated in Appendix F [F323.2(c)(2»), the designer has a responsibility to consider the pos·
sible adverse effects of any heat treatment that he might specify.
Subject: Change of Wording in 337.1
File: 1495
Question: What is the reason for changing the rust sentence in 337.1 of ANSI B31.3·1976 from
"Prior to initial operation, installed piping shall be..." To "Prior to initial operation, each piping system
shall be ..."? This change is in Addenda ANSI/ASME B31.3d·1980.
Reply: This change was made because "installed piping" was not dermed and "piping system" is
dermed in 300.2.
19
C',
1-31. 1-3:! B31.3 Interpretations No. I
.. ...."
Subject: 336.1, Qualification of the Owner's Inspector .>
I)Jte Issued: November 3, 1980
File: 1499
Question: May the piping erector ofa facility designed in accordance with ANSI/ASME 831.3 also
act as the Authorized Inspector?
Reply: As stated in 336.1, the Authorized Inspector shall not represent nor be an employee of the
piping erector unless the owner is also the erector. Please note that the term Authorized Inspector has been
changed to Owner's Inspector in ANSI!ASME 831.3e·1980.
Subject: Pressure Relief Devices
Date Issued: January 9.1981
File: 1490
Question (l): What specific rules govern the setting of pressure relief devices in ANSI/ASME 831.3?
Reply (I): ANSI/ASME 831.3 does not give specific rules for determining the set pressure on pres·
sure relief devices. The exact set pressure is the responsibility of the designer.
Question (2): May the limitations in 302.2.3 be used as the basis for determining the setting of pres-
sure relief devices?
Reply (2): The limitations in 302.2.3 may not be used as the only basis for determining the set pres-
sure of relief devices. The pressure setting of relief devices shall be such as to safely relieve excessive pres·
sures above those for which the piping system has been designed, considering all design conditions specified
in 302, including the allowances for pressure·temperature variations iit 302.2.3, as well as such considerations
as pressure accumulation and relief device capacity.
The designer is cautioned that pressure relief devices are only capable of limiting pressure. Assurance
of compliance with the limits on frequency and duration used by the designer in the design is the responsi·
bility of the owner [see 300(b)] .
20
•
B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-33,1-34
(.... '"
',"""
'/
Subject: 319.4.1, Requirements for Analysis '<.,'
Date Issued: January 9,1981
File: 1507
Question (1): 319.4.l(c) of ANSI B31.3-1976 lists an empirical equation that can be used to exempt
piping systems from the requirement fora formal analysis of adequate flexibility. The statement is made
that in order to apply Eq. 19 (Eq.16, 1980 Ed.), the system must be "of uniform size". Please provide an
interpretation on what is meant by "uniform size".
Reply (1): Uniform size refers to a piping system of a single nominal diameter and thickness.
Question (2): In a footnote, a warning is given listing additional criteria to be considered. Contained
in the warning is a reference to "near straight sawtooth runs". Please provide an interpretation of what
"near straight sawtooth runs" are.
Reply (2): Near straight sawtooth runs occur in piping systems containing more than one small U, L.
or Z shaped expansion loop, or bends between two anchor points.
Question (3): Considering the limitations referenced, is it the opinion of the Committee that the
formula is in general use?
Reply (3): The Committee cannot offer any specific information concerning the frequency or use of
the formula; however, the Committee is aware that the formula is still used.
The reader is referred to a paper by A. R. C. Madel, "Piping Flexibility Analysis," published in the
ASME transactions, 1955, for additional information.
Subject: Appendix D on Stress Intensification Factors
Date Issued: February 23,1981
File: 1470-1
Question: Is it the intent that the stress intensification factors shown in Appendix D of each reo
spective Code be applied for sustained and occasional loads as weD as for expansion loads?
Reply: Stress intensification factors (SIF's) listed in Appendix D of the various Code Sections
are intended for design against fatigue failure and were to a large extent developed from cyclic bending
tests of piping components. Therefore, the application of the SIF for cyclic bending and torsion loads is
appropriate. Sustained and occasional loads may not be cyclic loads; however, it is the intent of the various
Codes to provide adequate protection from component collapse. It has been shown that the SIF of 0.75;
(but not less than 1.0) found in ANSI/ASMEB31.1 applied to sustained and occasional bending and torsion
loads provides a conservative margin against component collapse.
21
t
1-35, 1-36 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
( Interpretation: 1·35 .........
Subjcct: Hydrostatic and Pneumatic Testing
Date Issued: March 6. 1981
File: 1508
Question: If piping designed for external pressure is tested hydrostatically or pneumatically in

accordance with 337.4.3(a) or 337.4.4, is it necessary to use the ratio of the allowable stress at test tem-
perature to the allowable stress at design temperature in establishing the test pressurc, as in Eq. 27 (now
Eq. 24) of 337.4.I(b)?
Reply: No.
Subject: 337.5.2, Alternative Test for Category 0 Fluid Service
Date Issued: March 6, 1981

File: 1509
Question (1): What pressure should be used for the preliminary check required in 337.5.2 if the op-
erating pressure of the system does not exceed 25 psig?
Reply (1): It is the intent of 337.5.2 that the preliminary check be conducted at a pressure less than
the operating pressure to minimize the consequences of gross leakage or failure dUring the test. The value
to be used shall be selected by the designer after consideration of such consequences.
Question (2): What test fluid does 337.5.2 require for the preliminary check?
Reply (2): 337.5.2 does not define the test fluid requirements for the preliminary check.
Question (3): May the preliminary check be waived if the operating pressure is less than 25 psig?
Reply (3): No.
Please note that the test may be conducted during or prior to initial operation.
22
Subject: Use of Term, "Radius of allY Arc Sector of Approximately 45.deg." in 304.3.4(c)
File: 1496
Question: In 304.3.4(c)(3), what is intended by the expression "radius of any alC sector of approxi·
mately 4S deg."?
Reply: The approximate 45 deg. arc sector is specified as a practical necessity for establishing maxi·
mum and minimum radii limits on a die controlled contour that may have a continuously varying radius of
curvature. The current Edition of the Code does not address the limits of radii at any specific point on the
surface, although the intent of the Code is met if the radius of curvature is nowhere less than the specified
minimum. The best fit radius to any 45 deg. arc shall be within the minimum and maxinlum radii limits
specified in 304.3.4.
Subject: Yield Strength Values for ASTM A 570 Gr. C
File: 1510
Question: Using the criteria of ANSI/ASME B31.3, what values of yield strength for ASTM A 570
Gr..C are suitable for establishing allowable stresses for this material from -20°F to 750°F?
Reply: Suitable yield strength values for ASTM A 570 Gr. C from -20°F to 750°F are:
Temperature, eF Yield Strength, ksi
-20 to 100 33.0
200 30.1
300 29.3
400 28.3
500 26.7
600 24.4
6S0 24.0
700 23.8
750 23.1
Note that the yield strength does not govern in estabUshing allowable stresses in this temperature range.
It should be noted also that the only pipe specification listed in Appendix A using ASTM A 570 material is
A 134, which is limited to Category D Fluid Service (see 30S.2.l).
23
c
1·39. 1-40 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Subject: 331.3.6. Thickness Effect on Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 1517
Question (1): In ANSI/ASME B31.3, is postweld heat treatment required for an NPS 2 or smaller
socket or seal weld if the fitting is A 182·F5, the pipe is A 33S·PS, a 350°F preheat is used, and the mlet
weld size is less than Yo: in.?
Reply (I): No, if the provisions of 331.3.6(b) (2) are met.
Question (2): Same, except the fitting is A 182·Fsa?
Reply (2): Postweld heat treatment is required by 331.3.6(b) (2). Exceptions to this requirement are
in 331.1.1 and 331.3.6(b) (3).
Question (3): In ANSI!ASME B31.3, is postweld heat treatment required for an NPS 2 or smaller
socket or se~ weld if the fitting is A 182·Fs or A 182·Fsa, the pipe is A 33s·Ps, and the weld is made with
metal that is not air hardening?
Reply (3): No, provided the requirements of 331.3.6(b) (3) are met.
Interpretation: 140
Subject: Defmition of Category M Fluid Service in 300.2
File: 1518
Question: What constitutes "a very small quantity" in the defi~ition of Category M Fluid Service,
in 300.21
Reply: "A very small quantity" is the amount determined by the owner to be significant in his
identification of a Category M Fluid Service. See 300(b) (I).
24
B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-41,1-42,1-43
Interpretation: 141
Subject: Table 327.4.1A, Umitations on Imperfections in Welds
File: 1522
Question: Arc different type imperfections as listed in Table 327.4.1A permitted in the same area, as
long as each specific imperfection is within its own respective limitation?
Reply: Yes.
Interpretation: 142
Subject: Joint Factors
Date Issued: May 22,1981
File: 1527
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require the use ofa joint factor Ej other than 1.0 when estab·
lishing SE values for calculating the required thickness (304.1) of seamless pipe containing a circumferential
weld(s)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Why doesn't Table 302.3.4 list a joint factor for a circumferential or girth butt weld?
Reply (2): Table 302.3.4 does not list a joint factor for a circumferential or girth butt·weld because
none of the design rules covered in ANSI/ASME B31.3 require the use of such a factor.
Interpretation: 143
Subject: 337.4.4, Pneumatic Testing
Date Issued: May 22.1981
File: 1531
Question: Should a temperature correction such as that given in Eq. 24 of 337.4.2 (Eq. 27 of the
1976 Edition) be applied to a pneumatic pressure test in 337.4.4?
Reply: The requirement for a temperature correction does not apply to pneumatic pressure testing
in 337.4.4.
25
144, 145 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Interpretation: 144 "

,',
Subject: Components and Material Manufactured to an Edition of a Standard or Specification

Which Has Been Superseded
File: 1526 (3)
Question: Dated component standards and materials specifications which are acceptable for use are
listed in Appendix K. Under what conditions is it permissible to use components and material manufactured
to a superseded or later edition of these standards and specifications?
Reply: Components and material manufactured to an edition of a standard or specification which has
been superseded in the ANSI/ASME B31.3 Code may be used in piping systems designed and constructed to
the edition of the Code in which they were listed.
Components and material manufactured to an edition of a standard or specification which has been
superseded or has a later date than in the edition of ANSI/ASME B31.3 under which the piping system(s) is
being designed and constructed shall be evaluated as an unlisted component (302.2.3) or unlisted material
(323.1.1).
Interpretation: 145
Subject: 336.5 and M336.5, Type and Extent of Required Examination
Date Issued: July 21,1981
File: 1542
Question: 336.5.1 (b) requires that random radiography be used to examine the full length of at least
5% of the circumferential butt welds in a piping installation. M336.5.l (b) increases the minimum to 20%
and includes other types of welds. Referring only to circumferential butt welds, if 100% radiography is ap-
plied, may the user omit the visual examination of these welds which is required by 336.5.1 (a) and
M336.5.1 (a), respectively?
Reply: No.
26
• 0·" ..
---------- ---~------,- ---- -~----- -----

B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-46
Interpretation: 146
Subject: Stress Intensification Factors
Date Issued: August 7.1981
File: 1537
Question: When applying the equations given in Appendix 0 for determining the stress intensifica·
tion factor for a reinforced fabricated tee with a pad, what limits does the Code place on the width of the
reinforcing pad?
Reply.: The Code does not place any limits on the width of reinforcing pad used other than those reo
quired by 304.3 for pressure design.
The reader is referred to the transactions of the ASME Vol. 74, No.3, "Fatigue Tests of Piping
Components" by A. R. C. Mark! for a more complete discussion of the technical basis for the Code rules.
(
27
. '.".:.'
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-:
------ _ _-
.. -
Subject: 1331.3 and 1331.4, Comparison orCodes
l)Jte IsslIed: Septcmber 4, 1981
File: 1538
Question: Why cannot the two piping Code Sections B31.3 and 831.4 be combined into a single
Code Section?
Reply: It is the opiniun of the BJ 1 Cummit tce that it is appropriate to continue publishing ANSI!
ASME 1331.3 and ANSI/ASME B31.4 as separate Cude Sectiuns for the folloWing reasons.
(a) Estahlislu:d Practice. Publication of separate Code Sections began in 1952. In 1955, the B31
Committee decided, after review of pertinent factors, that other industry Sections should also be published
separately. The last edition of a combined Code for Pressure Piping, ASA B31.1·1955, appeared that same
year.
(b) Basis for Decisions. Questions of combining Code Sections, as well as developing new Sec·
tions, have been rais~d periodically during the past 25 years and, in fact, decisions to combine two Sections
have been made in two instances. Decisions to merge, or to develop separate Se..:tions, have been based on
similarities and differences in the folloWing factors:
(1) Services - fluids handled, range of pressure and temperature, etc.
(2) Environments - surroundings which may impact on piping safety, or which may be affected
by possible piping failure.
(3) Application - how the Code is used; actual or potential regulatory jurisdictions.
These factors, where they differ substantially as in the case of piping for refineries and chemical
plants versus piping for cross-country oil transportation, account for crucial differences in philosophy reo
lating to design. construction, operation, and maintenance of piping - which in turn necessita te separate
Sections.
(c) Diffm:llL'cs vs. Similarities. Similarities among different Code Sections are natural and encouraged
because of similarities in the basic subject matter. Several technical Committees are maintained by the B31
Committee to exploit opportunities for common practice among all Code Sections. But these similarities do
not warrant merging one Section with another where basic differences in services, environment, and applica·
tion exist.
(d) Specific Differences. A few of the major differences between B31.3 and B31.4that arise from
basic differences outlined above arc listed here. There are many others..
(1) Allowable Stress Basis. The more extensive and complex criteria in B31.3 are necessitated by
the extreme range of temperatures and material of construction.
(2) Unlisted MateriJlls and Cumpcments. nlese are not permitted under B31.4 because services
are of limited diversity. They arc permitted, with rules for qualifying them, in B31.3 because unanticipated
service can be expected to require them. .
(3) Umi/atiuns un Components and Joints. These are expressed as straightforward rules in 831.4.
In B31.3 they require complex guidelines (e.g.• the safeguarding and severe cyclic conditions concepts) be·
cause of the diversity of services and environments. .
(4) Operation and Maimelw"cc. nlese are not dealt with in B31.3 because the complexity of
activities is too great for effective codilication (e.g., corrosion can take so many forms and result from so
many sources that the designer must rely on expertise not found in the Cllde). In 831.4 the fruits of many
years of experience are summed up in useful rules (e.g., for corrosion protection and monitoring) which also
aid in protecting the public.
28
B3I.3 Interpretations No. 1 148,149,1'50
Interpretation: 148
," :
Subject: Carbon Sleel Pipe C
. ~',
<~~:., ,
Date Issued: September 8, 198 I
File: 1549
Question (1): For carbon steel pipe made from plate (such as ASTM A671) for service below -20°F, is
normalizing the plale acceptable or does the pipe require normalizing?
Reply (I): Either approach is acceptable as long as the finished product meets the impact require-
ments of the Code.
Question (2): What are the allowable B31.3 stresses for ASTM A671 Classes 30, 31, and 32?
Reply (2): The allowable stresses for unlisted materials may be determined in accordance with
323.1.1.
Interpretation: 149
Subject: 321, Design of Pipe Supporting Elements
File: 1552
Question: Does 321.1.4(d) permit plastic materials approved for pressure piping to be used as pipe
support elements in tension at pipe temperatures above ambient?
Reply: Yes, provided the other reqUirements of 321.1 have been satisfied.
Interpretation: I-SO
Subject: Loads Due to Pressure Surges
Date Issued: September 8. 1981
PUe: ISS3
Question: How shall longitudinal piping stresses due to unbalanced loads from pressure surges which
result in anchor displacements be evaluated in ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: Loads due to pressure surges are considered as primary loads. and longitudinal stress limits
must comply with 302.3.3(c) for sustained loads or 302.3.6 for occasional loads. Pressure-temperature
limits of 302.2 must also be met.
29
(
1·5 I, 1·52 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Intcrprcbtioll: 1-S 1
(".
Subject: Use of Aluminum Flanges
Date Issued: October 19. 1981
File: 1554
Question: Will ASME B31 reinstate ANSI BI6.31, "Non·Ferrous Pipe Flanges 150,300,600,900,
1500 and 2000 lb" that has been dropped from ANSI/ASME B31.3·1980 Edition, Addenda ANSI/ASME
B31.3a-198I ?
Reply: Since the American National Standards Institute has withdrawn ANSI B16.3 I, the Com-
mittee considers it inappropriate to reference it. Please refer to 304.7.2 for qualifying unlisted aluminum
flanges.
Interpretation: I-52
Subject: B31.1 and B31.3, Synfuel Plant Piping
File: 1541
.. Question: What section of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31, may be used for materials, de-
•j
sign, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection, and test of piping within coal based syn fuels
plants for the production of electric power and/or industrial steam?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies to piping associated with power boilers and subject to ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section 1inspection and stamping. (See B31.1, 300.1.3 (b) and Fig.
300.1.1.)
Either ANSI/ASME B31.1 or B31.3 is applicable to other piping associated with the production or
distribution of industrial steam or production of electric power. (See B31.3, Fig. 300.1.1.)
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applies to all other piping.
30
B31.3 Interpretations No. I I-53, I-54
Subject: Ddinition of "Substantially Free of Buckles"
Date Issued: February 10, 1982
File: 148SR
Question: Since ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not specifically define the phrase "substantially free of
buckles," is it intended that the definition of "substantially," given in Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary,
be applicable?
Reply: It is appropriate to use a recognized English language dictionary for each of the words in a
phrase, in the absence of any specific definition in the Code.
Subject: Definition of "d" in 304. l.l (b)
FUe: 1566
Question: In accordance with 304. l.l (b), what is the correct definition of d, inside diameter of pipe,
given in equation form?
Reply: The correct dermition of d for pressure design is given by the following equation: ,.
d -D- 2(T- c)
where D and care dermed in 304.1.1 and T = pipe wall thickness, measured or minimum per purchase
specification (see Appendix 1).
31
}-55 B31.3 Interpretations No. }
Subject: 304.3.4 and Appendix D
[}Jte Issued: February 19, 1982
File: 1567
Question (1): Maya "drawn tee" be considered as an extruded outlet header in accordance with
304.3.4?
Reply (I): Yes, provided that it is extruded using a die or dies to control the radii of the extrusion
and that all of the limits on geometry required by 304.3.4 are met.
Question (2): Are the stress intensification factors given in Appendix 0 for welding tees valid for
fabricated tees and/or for tees formed by an extrusion process?
Reply (2): The stress intensification factors given in Appendix 0 for welding tees are not valid for
fabricated tees employing intersection welds. Stress intensification factors for fabricated tees are given
separately in Appendix 0 in the description column.
The stress intensification factors for welding tees formed by an extrusion process are given in Appen·
dix 0 both for tees in accordance with ANSI B16.9, with the geometry limits specified, and for extruded
welding tees with other geometry limits.
Question (3): Is the flexibility characteristic h specified in Appendix 0 for an extruded welding tee
valid only within the geometry limits for, given in 304.3.4(c)?
Reply (3): Yes. Refer to Note 2 in Appendix D. .'
Question (4): When the geometry limits specified for the components listed in Appendix D are not
met, what equations should be used in calculating the respective flexibility characteristic h?
Reply (4): ANSl/AsME B31.3 does not specifically address the requirements for flexibility charac·
teristic h outside the geometry limits specified in Appendix D. Refer to 319.3.6 for components not covered
. in Appendix D.
Question (5): Are the geometry limitations specified for components listed in Appendix D intended
to be mandatory for manufacturing such components?
Reply (5): No; unless specifically required elsewhere in ANSl/ASME B31.3, the geometry limitations
given in Appendix 0 are intended only to provide limits on the specific applicability of the equations for
flexibility characteristic h.
Question (6): Can the limitations on,x required in 304.3.4(c) and Appendix D both be met in all
instances?
Reply (6): In certain instances, for large diameter welding tees for ANSI BI6.9. all of th~ geometry
limits specified for,x in Appendix D and in 304.3.4(c) cannot be met, in which case the flexibility char-
acteristic II specified for B16.9 welding tees is not directly applicable. Appendix 0 also provides an equa-
tion for flexibility characteristic h for extruded welding tees with other than B16.9 geometry limitations.
Refer also to 319.3.6 for components not covered in Appendix D.
32
~ ,!
B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1·56
Interpreta tion: 1·56
Subject: Appendix D, Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: 1443
Question (1): What is the basis for the formulas for stress intensification factors and flexibility f3ctors
given in Appendix D?
Reply (J): Basic background material for derivations of formulas for flexibility characteristics can be
found in the following:
(0) "Fatigue Tests of Welding Elbows and Comparable Double-Mitre Bends," by A. R. C. Markl,
Trans. ASME Vol. 69, n 8, 1947, pp. 869·879.
(b) "Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies," by A. R. C. Markl and H. H. George, Trans. ASME
Vol. 72,1950, pp. 77-87.
(c) "Fatigue Tests of Piping Components:' by A. R. C. Markl, Trans. ASME Vol. 74, 1952,
pp.287.303.
(d) "Piping Flexibility Analysis," by A. R. C. Markl, Trans. ASME Vol. 77,1955, pp. 127·149.
(e) "-Effects of Internal Pressure on Flexibility and Stress·Intensification Factors of Curved Pipe
or Welding Elbows," E. C. Rodabaugh and H. H. George, Trans. ASME Vol. 79, 1957.
if) "Comparisons of Test Data with Code Methods for Fatigue Evaluation," by E. C. Rodabaugh
and S. E. Moore, Phase Report No. 115·10, ORNL·TM·3520, Nov. 1971.
Question (2): What is the effect of relative branch to run diameter on the flexibility characteristic h
···l).....
' .. ,'.
;~
in Appendix D? "~"
e·
I. . . \
. .'
Reply (2): The relative effect of branch diameter to run diameter on flexibility characteristic h for
branch outlets is being investigated at the present time. When properly substantiated design criteria are
available, they will be considered for inclusion in the Code.
Question (3): Is f shown in Appendix D for extruded welding tees the nominal wall thickness of
the fitting or the matching pipe?
Reply (3): The T to be used is the wall thickness of the matching pipe.
Question (4): What is the effect of external crotch radius,x and crotch wall thickness Tc on flexibil·
ity characteristic h or extruded outlets?
Reply (4): The effect of crotch radius,x on flexibility characteristic h for extruded welding tees
within specified thickness limits is given in Appendix D. From a practical standpoint both the external
radius of curvature 'x and the crotch wall thickness Tc have influence on the flexibility characteristic h.
The formulated relationship has not been developed at the present time.
33 c:
I-57, I-58 831.3 Interpretations No.1
Interpretation: 1·57 , . -~'.
Subject: 304.1.2, Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
File: 1559
Question (1): In accordance with 304.1.2, may the Lame Eq. (3c) be used instead ofEq. (3a) for the
internal pressure design of straight pipe?
Reply (1): Yes, Eqs. (3a), (3b), and (3c) are all permissible.
"
Question (2): When the pipe wall thickness t is equal to or greater than 0.385, may the Lame theory
be used for calculating the stresses due to internal pressure?
Reply (2): Yes, the Lame theory may be used for the determination of elastic pressure stresses; how·
ever, in the pressure design of piping components, other factors need to be considered such as those listed
in 304.1.2(b).
A discussion concerning the bursting strength of thick walled cylinders is contained in the ASME
publication, "Pressure Vessels and Piping: Design and Analysis., A Decade of Progress," B. F. Langer Com·
memorative Volume, Vol. One, 1972.
. ", J
Subject: Note 2 of Appendix A .. "
File: 1568
Question: Why does Note 2 of Appendix A specify a temperature of 800°F relative to the onset of
. graphitization rather than 775°F as in ANSI/ASME B31.1 ?
Reply: Since the disassociation of the metastable iron carbide to graphite and iron is influenced by
many factors in addition to temperature (including time of exposure), it is difficult to be very precise in
specifying a temperature above which prolonged exposure will cause graphitization. The Committee con·
siders the value of 800°F to be reasonable.
34
I
831.3 Interpretations No. I 1-59,1-60
Interprctation: I-59
Subject: 331.3.6, Thickness Effect on Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 1577
Question: 331.3 .6(a) of ANSI/ASME 831.3·1980 gives formulas for calculating thickness of various
branch welds to determine if the weld requires heat treatment. For detail (I) of Fig. 327.4.40, the thickness
is given as Tb + te. The value of te is defined in 327 .4.4(b) as "the smaller of 0.7 Tb or Y.a in." For most, the
nIlet size te is usually larger than y~ in. What value is reqUired to be used for te when determining heat treat-
ment requirements?
Reply: 327.4.4(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.3-1980 states, "Welds shall be calculated in accordance with
304.3.3 but shall not be leSs than the sizes shown in Fig. 327.4.40." The value for te to be used is the
greater of the minimum required in 327.4.4(b) (the smaller of 0.7 Tb or Y.a in.) or the size calculated for-the
design.
Subject: 336.5.1, Examination Normally Required
~'.'
1'.;
. . :-:,;.1""
" .
File: 1569 '.
Question: 336.5.1(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.3-1980 Edition requires a minimum of 5% of circumferen-

tial butt welds to be examined fully by random radiography ~n accordance with 336.4.5 or by ultrasonic
examination in accordance with 336.4.6 when piping is intended for service at temperatures above 366°F
(l86°C) or gage pressure above 150 psi (1030 \cPa). If the fluid is toxic or flammable and exceeds neither
150 psig nor 366°F service, does the 5% minimum examination apply?
Reply: The 1981 Addenda, ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1981, requires the 5% minimum examination if the
fluid is toxic or flammable without regard to the pressure or temperature. Prior to issuance of the above
Addenda, the 5% minimum examination did not apply. Also, please note that if specified in the engineering
design. in-process examination may be substituted on a weld-for-weld basis for the radiographic or ultrasonic
eXJrtlination.
3S
._-- ---
c- •...,.- .• Interpretation: 1·61

t ' .
\~. Subject: 337.4.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Internally Pressured Piping
Date Issued: June9,l982
File: 1576
Question (l): 337.4.1 (c) allows the hydrostatic test pressure to be reduced to the maximum pressure
that will not exceed the yield strength at test temperature. Does the Code require a weld joint qu:di'ty factor
to be applied when calculating this maximum pressure?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Is this considered safe?
Reply (2): Yes, when all applicable requirements of the Code have been fulfilled; but no single reo
quirement can be considered as the sole criterion for safety.
36
B31.3 Interpretations No. 1 1-62
(S "'.
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Subject: 336.5, Types and Extent of Required Examinations .. .
;-",
File: 1578
Question (1): The third sentence of 336.5 states, "when the required examination of a spot or
random type reveals a defect requiring repair, two additional examinations of the same kind of item (if of a
weld, others by the same welder or welding operation)."
Is it the intent of the Code that "same kind" encompass all of the following?
(0) same type of base material;
(b) same type of weldment;
(c) same size of butt weld;
(d) same method of welding operation.
Reply (1): No. This is a general statement applying to all spot and random examinations, Le., it is
not limited to welds. "same kind" examples are supports, threaded joints, bolted joints, alignment, cold
spring, and welds. With respect to welds, the Code is not specific as to what criteria determine "same kind"
except for the same welder or welding operator, but leaves such factors as base material, welding procedure,
size of pipe, etc., to the requirements of the engineering design.
Question (2): Please refer to the progressive examination delineated in 336.5. For 5% radiography, at
the point of original examination, a 5% sampling has been represented (1 out of 20). Should that radiograph
fan to meet specification, two additional examinations are required, which represents a 15% (3 out of 20)
sampling.
(0) If any of the second group faUs to meet Code, is it mandatory, as the Code implies, that
further examinations are required? Is the alternative available whereby all welds of that given group of 20
may be totally repaired without subsequent radiographs?
(b) If any of the third group of radiographed welds fails to meet Code, does one progress to a
fourth group?
Reply (2):
(0) No to both questions. The following options are available.
(1) Replace all items in the group. Examinations performed on items which are subsequently
replaced may not be counted as contributing toward the required percent random examination.
(2) Continue progressive examination, repair and reradiograph all defective welds until they
are acceptable. Only the first weld in the group may be counted toward the required percent.
(3) Repair and radiograph all welds in the group until all are acceptable. Only the fust weld
in the group may be counted toward the required percent.
(b) No. At this point in the progression. aU welds in the group (20) shall be replaced or repaired
and radiographed until acceptable.
Question (3): When a weld representing the 5% random radiography required by 336.5.1 (b) is de·
fective, 336.5 requires radiographic examination of two additional welds by the same welder or welding
operator and so on.
When a weld in the third group of the progression is found defective, the Code states, "all comparable
items may be replaced or they shall be fuUy examined and repaired to meet applicable quality requirements."
37
1-62,1-63,1-64 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
(0) If the welder was terminated after welding a total of II wclJs. docs replacement of the 11
' .. ,.
welds or repair and examination of the II welds until the)' are acceptable terminate the proglcssion?
(b) Is this c.;hanged if the total was 31 welds and the weld representing the first .20 welds was
found acceptable?
Reply (3):
(0) Yes.
(b) No. Only the group of II weld~ is required to be replaced or repaired and examined until
acceptable, Le., finding a defect in one group does not affect the status of another group.
Subject: 337.4.2, Hydrostatic Testing Piping With Vessels as a System
File: 1579
Question (l): For calculating the hydrostatic test pressure, 337 .4.2(b) conditionally allows a factor
of 1.15 to be substituted for the 1.5 factor in Formula (24) [337 .4.1(b)}. Is this considered safe for sub-
sequent operation?
Reply (1): Yes, if the owner has authorized the use of this conditional clause.
Question (2): If so, why can't one use 1.1 5 for all pressure tests? .,-~
,I
Reply (2): The factor of 1.5 is required where feasible. The lower factor represents the Committee's
best judgment for the special case of integrated equipment and piping which cannot be readily isolated for a
separate test. Also, the Owner must approve its use for each specific case.
Subject: 336.5, Type and Extent of Required Examination
File: 1580
Question: For PoNos. 3,4, and 5 materials, does radiographic examination performed before heat
treatment satisfy the ANSIIASME 831.3 Code requirements?
Reply: No. 336.5 requires the examination to be performed after heat treatment.
38
Subject: Impact Testing
File: 1587
Question (J): Under ANSI!ASME 831.3 can austenitic stainless steel having OJ I::Hbon content of
0.10% and below (including "H" grades) be used at -lOO°F without impact testing?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is impact testing required for deposited filler metal of production welds, welded to a
qualified welding procedure with nIler metal impact tested at -300°F?
Reply (2): No. See Note I, Table 323.2.2.
Question (3): Is heat treatment for austenitic stainless steel reqUired after welding?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: 327.s, Qualification for Welding
FDe: 1588
Question: If a procedure for the GTAW or SMAW welding process is qualified in accordance with the
requirements of 327.5 and the welder is qualified in both the uphill and downhill position, is it acceptable
to the Code for the production welds to be made in either the uphill or downhill position?
Reply: Yes. Please note that when the Supplementary Essential Variables - Notch Toughness of the
ASME BPV Code Section IX are applicable, the progression for welding the qualification test is reqUired to
be uphill.
39
(
--------
1-67. 1-68 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: A304.5. Pressure Design of Flanges
Date Issued: June 9. 1982
File: 1589
Question: In accordance with A304.5.1(d), what is the correct Appendix in Section VIII. Division 1
of the ASME BPV Code for the design of full face gaskets?
Reply: The correct Appendix in Section VIII , Divison 1 of the 1980 Edition of the ASM E BPV Code
for the design of full face gaskets is Appendix Y. Section Vlll recently reorganized portions of Division 1
and the existing reference in Addenda (a) of B31.3 is to an earlier edition of the ASME BPV Code.
Any revisions to tltis section of A."lSI/ASME B31.3 will appear in future Addenda.
Subject: High Pressure
FUe: 1592
.."""\
Question: What calculation method shall be used for the pressure design of pipe with t :> D/6, or
P/SE> 0.3857 .•. J'
Reply: The Code does not have a specific design procedure for designs in the high pressure range at
this time.
The ASME B31.3 Subgroup on High Pressure Piping is a Committee currently working on specific
design rules for the High Pressure range. These rules, when approved, will appear in a future Addenda of
ANSI/ASME B31.3. The reader is referred to the following publications for a discussion of pressure design
in the high pressure range:
(a) Welding Research Council Bulletin #95/AprU 1969, "PVRC Interpretive Report of Pressure
Vessel Research: Section I Design Considerations," B. F. Langer
(b) ASME Paper No. S5· PET· I, "Yield and Bursting Characteristics of Heavy-Wall Cylinders,"
J. H. Faupel
40
B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-69,1-70
Interpretation: 1-69 :-
Subject: Table 331.3.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment
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File: 1593
Question (I): Docs ANSI/ASME B31 .3 require specific heating rates when performing heat treatment?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the cooling rate at the bottom of Table 331.3.1 apply only to P-No. llA, Group
No.1 materials?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: 304, Pressure Design
Fue: 1594
Question (l): What is the correct value of D for calculating the required pressure design thickness of
an externally reinforced extruded header by Eq. (3a)1
Reply (1): The correct value D is the outside diameter of the header (see Fig. 304.3.4). The Commit-
tee will give consideration to future revision of these diagrams.
Question (2): Is it permissible to calculate the required pressure design thickness of an externaily
reinforced extruded header on the basis of the inside diameter?
Reply (2): Yes. The following equation is equivalent to Eq: (3a) for an externally reinforced extruded
header using inside diameter d:
P(d+ 2c)
t -= 2 (SE - P (l - Y)]
where nomenclature is as dermed in 304.1.1 of ANSI/ASME B31.3a·1981.
41
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1-71, )-72 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Interpretation: 1-7 J

r·
I
File: 1597
Question: Are the stress intensification factors for tees given in Appendix D applicable to both the
branch as well as the run or header?
Reply: Yes, the stress intensification factors for tees given in Appendix D are applicable to both the
branch and run or header. The computation of stress using those stress intensification factors must be based
on the appropriate section modulus. Equation 21 gives the appropriate formula for the "effective section
modulus of the bran'ch:,f ., '.""'"
File: 1609
Question: What are the requirements for pressure testing of discharge piping in ANSI!ASME B31.3?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 requires discharge piping to be tested in accordance with 337 unless ex-
cluded from Code coverage by 300.1.3.
42
".
---------
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B31.J Interpretations No. 1 1-73.1·74
I ..... ,;:.' •
JI"erpret3tion: 1·73
subject: Category M Fluid Service
Date Issued: September 8.1982
File: 1596
Question: Is a "Category M Fluid" in ANSI!ASME B31.3 the same as a "lethal substance" in the
ASME BPV Code Section VIII?
Reply: The Committee points out that the term used in ANSI!ASME B31.3 is "Category M Fluid
Service," not "Category M Fluid." This distinction is very important in understanding the intent of ANSI!
ASME B31.3. "Fluid Service" is much broader in concept in that it encompasses the complete handling and
control of the fluid. It takes into consideration not only the fluid properties (such as flammability, toxicity,.
etc.) but also the service conditions.(such as pressure, temperature, quantity ,location, etc.) as they affect
an aspects of the piping system.
Finally, in developing "Category M Fluid Service," it was not the intent of ANSI!ASME B31.3 to
parallel the "lethal substance" reference in the ASME BPV Code Section VIII. Division 1.
Subject: 327.4.4, Welded Branch COMections
Date Issued: October 26,1982
File: 1598
Question (1): For branch connections, 327.4.4(c) requires a cover fillet weld with a minimum throat
dimension of tc. Figure 327.4.40 shows te in the longitudinal plane of the header (run) which bisects the
branch. When the branch and header (run) are the same nominal pipe size, (a) what is the required cover
rillet at the transverse plane of the header (run) which bisects the branch; and (b) in those branch bisecting
planes moving from the transverse of the header (run) toward the longitudinal of the header (run)?
Reply (1):
(a) A rillet weld is not applicable as the weld, in that plane, is a groove butt joint.
(b) The Code does not define rillet weld size at this location of the joint, but weld geometry
should provide a smooth transition between the weld and the groove weld with added fillet weld.
Question (2): What is the required cover rillet weld at the longitudinal plane of the header (ron)
which bisects the branch when beta [see 304.3.3 (a)] is less than 90 deg. (angular branch)?
Reply (2): The Code does not dermc nllet weld size reqUired for this joint configuration, but weld
geometry should provide a smooth transition between the branch and header (run) surfaces.
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1·75. 1·76 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: Definition of til in 304.3.4(d)
File: 1613
Question: In 304.3.4(d). is th the nominal wall thickness?
Reply: No. th is the pressure design thickness of the header. Refer to Appendix J for nomenclature
and 304.3.3(a) for determination of th for reinforcement calculation.
SUbject: Impact Testing
Date Issued: October 26.1982
Fue: 1615
Question (1):
(a) Does ANSI B31.3-1976 including Addenda through ANS1/ASME B31 .3e·1980 require the
fabricator and assembler to perform impact testing of the deposited weld metal and heat affected zone in
accordance with 323.3 when the material is either carbon steel. low alloy steel, intermediate alloy steel, or
high alloy (ferritic or martensitic) steel, and the Engineering Design specifies a design temperature below
-20°F (-29°C)?
(b) Note 2 of Table 323.2.2 of ANSI B31.3·1976 including Addenda through ANSI/ASME
B31.3e·1980 allows an exclusion from impact testing. For one to take advantage of this exclusion, is per-
mission required from the Design Engineer?
Reply (1):
(a) Yes.
(b) Yes, the design engineer is responsible for evaluating the piping system and authorizing the
exclusion. . .
Question (2): Does ANSI B31.3·1976 including Addenda throughANSI/ASME B31.3e·1980 require
the fabricator and assembler to perform impact testing of the deposited weld metal in accordance with
323.3 when the material is austenitic stainless steel and the Engineering Design specifies a design tempera·
ture below _20°F (_29°C)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Is specification of a design temperature below -20°F (-29°C) for the above materials
sufficient [see 327.s.1(d)] to require the impact testing of weld specimens in qualifying weld procedure
specifications? .
Reply (3): Yes.

B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-77.1-78
C·'"
Interpretation: J. 77
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Subject: Note 30 of Appendix A
File: 1616
Question: Appendix A, Note 30 specifies a reduced tensile strength (70.0 ksi rather than 75.0 ksi)
for pipe of NPS 8 and larger with wall thickness of schedule 140 or heavier. Is this Note correctly referenced
in the stress tables for pipe made in conformance to ASTM A 312 and A 403 specifications?
Reply: No. These references are erroneous and will be corrected in future Addenda.
Subject: Use of API 5L Grades A and B Double Submerged Arc Welded Pipe
FDe: 1623
Question (1): Is API 5L, Grades A and B double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe acceptable
under ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2):
(a) Does this material fall under the "Electrical Fusion Welded Pipe" (straight seam) classification?
(b) In future Editions of ANSI/ASME B31.3, will API SL DSAW pipe be formally listed with a
DSAWclassification and listing of allowable stresses?
Reply (2):
(a) Yes.
(b) There are no plans to include a separate DSAW classification. The reader is referred to Table
302.3.4, Nos. 3b and 4b, for additional Ej weld joint quality factors which can apply to this pipe specifica·
tion.
Question (3):
(a) For API SL DSAW pipe with wall thickness greater than ~ in., does the manufacturer's weld
require postweld heat treatment to meet the requirements of ANSI/ASM'E B31.3?
(b) Can hardness testing be substituted for stress relieving?
Reply (3):
(a) Yes, except as provided for in 331.1.1.
(b) No.
45
(
... . ...
Interpretations No.2 to ANSI/ASME B31.3

(This supplement is Dot part of ANSIIASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.)
of the subscription service. This supplement includes Interpretations concerning B31.3 issued between
January 1, 1983 and December 31, 1983. They have been assigned Interpretation numbers in chronologi-
cal order. Each Interpretation applies to the latest Edition or Addenda at the time of issuance of the
Interpretation or the Edition or Addenda stated in the reply. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have
superseded the reply.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters, except for a few typographical and
editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity. In some instances, a review of the
Interpretation revealed a need for corrections ofa technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply, bearing
the original Interpre~tion Number with the suftix R, is presented.
ASME proc:edures provide for reconsideration of these Interpretations when or if additional infor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might aft'ect the Interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
by an Interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated in the
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approvc," "certify," "rate," or "endorse"
any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
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B31.3 Interpretati+s No. 2 2·1, 2-2
Interpretation: 2-1
Subject: 323.1.1, Listed or Publis~ Specifications
Date Issued: January 27, 1983
File: 1624
Question (1): Docs 323.1.1 perinit the use of seamless pipe manufactured to AS1'M A 537 for
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applications using the allowable stresses as given in Appendix A, Table 17
Reply (1): No. ASTM A 537 is a plate specification, not a pipe specification.
Question (2): Why is ASTM A 537 Class 2 not listed in Table 1 of Appendix A?
Reply (2): Materials are listed only after it has been shown that there is sufficient general use of
the material in piping. The Committee docs not believe that there is sufficient need for this material to
merit its inclusion in Appendix A. Provision is made in the Code for the qualification of unlisted
materials in 323.1.1.
Interpretation: 2·2.
Subject: P-No. 1 Materials
File: 1625
Question (1): Please refer to 329.3(a) and 330.2 of ANSI/ASME B31.3. Is postbend heat treatment
required for P·No. 1 JX¥lterials?
Reply (I): No. Postheat treatment is not required for any thickness ofP·No. 1 materials after hot
bending or hot forming.
Question (2): Docs ANSI!ASME B31.3 require hardness tests and have hardness limitations for
P·No. 1 after the heat treatment of bends and welds?
Reply (2): No, provided the weld metal analysis A-Number is 1.
3
1-3, 2-4, 2·5 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Interpretation: Z·3
Subject: Selection of Design Conditions '.
File: 1626
Question: What are the ANSI/ASME B31.3 design conditions for a piping system in which the
required pipe wall thickness is detennined by one set of coincident pressure-temperature conditions, and
the required component rating, for components with established ratings in accordance with component
standards listed in Table 326.1, is determined by another set of coincident pressure-temperature condi-
tions?
Reply: The design condition for any component in a piping system is the most severe condition of
coincident pressure and temperature which results in the greatest required thickness and the highest
required rating. It is possible, under some circumstances such as in the example in the inquiry, to have
more than one Set of design conditions which apply to the same piping system.
Interpretation: 2-4
Subject: Radiographic Examination of Welds
File: 1627
Question: If the engineering design specifies radiographic examination of welds in API SL Grade
B and API SLX Grade XS2 pipe, does ANSI!ASME B31.3 require such examination to be performed
before or after completion of iny heat treatment?
Reply: ANSI!ASME B31.3 has no requirements as to whether the radiographic examination of

welds in API SL Grade B or API SLX Grade XS2 pipe is performed before or after the completion of
any heat treatment.
Interpretation: 2-5
.;'~'
Subject: Use of Washers
File: - 1628
Question: Does ANSI!ASME B31.3 require the use of washers when bolting metallic flanges?
Reply: No.
4
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831.3 Interpretltions No.2' 2·6,2·7
Subject: 337.3, Test. Preparation
File: 1631
Question: Paragraph 331.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 states, "All joints, including welds, are to be
left uninsulated and exposed for examination during the test .. ." May the joints be primed and painted
prior to hydrotest?
Reply: Yes.
Interpretation: 2-7
File: 1632
Question: When determining stress intensification factors for branch connections in piping systems
constructed in accordance with ANSI!ASME B31.3, may the thickness and diameter of the branch be
used in the equations in Appendix D for determining the stress intensification factor for the branch?
Reply: No. Stress intensification factors are a function of the header (run) thickness, and the
thickness of the reinforcing, if any. Any change in wall thickness of the run pipe or change in reinforcing
pad or saddle thickness will result in a change in the computed flexibility characteristic h as shown in
Table 319.3.6. A changd in h will cause a change in the intensification factor. .
The inquirer is referred to Eqs. 19 and 20 in 319.4.4(c). The values for i" and i; would be the same
for both the branch and the header (run). The resulting bending stress will be a function of the remaining
variables.
5
1-8,1·9 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: Table 327.4.IA
Date Issued: May II, 1983
File: 1663 (B31 83-016)
Question (I): Table 327.4.1A of ANSI/ASME B31.31imits undercutting for girth and miter joint
butt welds to the lesser of lin in. (0.8 mm) or nv/4. When components with di1ferent thicknesses are
joined by welding, what thickness is used for Twl . ,
Reply (I): Tw is the nominal wall thickness of the thinner component (sec Appendix J, Nomencla-
ture).
Question (2): Does the Code describe evaluation of undercutting, revealed on a radiograph, by use
of the film density differential?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Charpy Impact Absorbed Energy Data
Date Issued: May 19, 1983
File: 1633
Question: Under the rules of ANSIIASME B31.3, may Charpy impact absorbed energy data be
substituted for the lateral expansion criteria of 0.01S in.?
Reply: No.
6
',',
B3 1.3 In~rpretations ~o. :2 2·10, 2·11, 2.12

\ '
Interpretation: 2.10
SUbject: 327.4.4; Welded Branch Connections

File: 1639
--
Question: Figure 127.4.8(F) of ANSI/ASME B31.1 shows a "Typical Partial Penetration Weld
Branch Connection for 2 in. NPS and Smaller Fitting," and 127.4.8(C) allows its use by taking exception
to the requirement for full penetration groove welds. Paragraph 321.4.4(c) of ANSIIASME B 31.3 does
not contain this exception. However, 327.4.4(a) states, "No attempt has been made to show all acceptable
types of construction ..." Does 327.4.4(a) allow partial penetration types of branch construction?
Reply: No. Only full penetration groove weld types of branch construction are allowed. The
Committee will consider Fig. 127.4.8(F) of ANSI/ASME B31.1 for inclusion in ANSI/ASME B31.3.

File: 1640
Question: For the pressure design of straight pipe under internal pressure, in accordance with
304.1.2 of ANSI/ASME B3L3, what equations apply when t is less than DI6 and when t is equal to
or greater than D16?
Reply: When t is less than DI6, the minimum wall thickness for pressure design shall be based
on Eq. 3a, 3b, or 3c.
When t is equal to or greater than D16, the Code does not require that a specific equation be used
in design. If Eq. 3a is used for design, the correct value for Y is dl(d + D). As stated in 304.L2(b),
the design of high pressure heavy wall pipe requires special considerations, and the final design is the
responsibility of the designer.
Subject: Random Radiography

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Date ISSued: lune 8. 1983
File: 1650 (B31 83'()()3)
Question: What is the recommended or preferred practice for administration of random radiogra-
phyas required by 336.4.5, 336.5, and 336.5.1(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.31
Reply: The Code does not set forth administrative practices.
7
2·13, 2·14, 2·15 831.3 In~erpretations No: 2
SUbject: Limitations on Tubing Size in Categol'y M Fluid S'ervice
File: 1652 (B31 83-(05)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 prohibit the use of tubing * in. through 2 in. O.D. with
proprietary fittings from use in Category M fluid service?
Reply: No; however, there are limitations on tubing size for instrument piping in M322.3. Also,
proprietary fittings must meet the requirements of M326.
Subject: 302.3.5(d), Allowable Displacement Stress Range
File: 1658 (B31 83-011)
Question: Is it a correct interpretation of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to apply the allowances for occa-
sional pressure and temperature variations contained in 302.2.4 to the allowable displacement stress
range SA of 302.3.5(d)?
Reply: No.
SUbject: 302.3.5(c), Longitudinal Stresses
File: 1659 (B31 83-012)
Question: In accordance with 302.3.5(c), the longitudinal stresses due to pressure and weight are
computed, assuming the pipe to be in the corroded condition. Is it a correct interpretation of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 to also calculate stresses from occasional loads, such as wind and earthquake,
assuming the pipe to be in the corroded condition?
Reply: Yes.
8
\
B3 1.3 Interpretations No. 2
1·16,2-17
Subject: 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads

Date Issued: June 8, 1983 .
File: 1660 (831 83~13)

--
Question: Paragraph 302.3.6(a) concerning stresses due to occasional loads states, "Where the
allowable stress value exceeds 2/3 of yield strength at temperature. the allowable stress value must be
reduced as specified in Note (3) in 302.3.2." Is it a correct interpretation of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to
assume that the above sentence is only concerned with potential leakage rather than reduction of the
life of the piping system due to creep?
Reply: No.
SUbject: Seismic Loads
File: 1661 (831 83-014)
Question: How shall stresses in a piping system due to restraint deftections from seismic motions.
and those due to seismic inertial loadings, be applied in accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: It is the inten~ of 302.3.6 that the inertial loads from earthquake be included in the
calculations of stresses due Ito occasional loads. The effects of displacement of restraints due to earth-
quake may be treated as an externally imposed displacement in accordance with 319.2. I(c).
..
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2.18,2.19 B31.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: Weld Repair Requirements .. . .. .,
File: 1651 (B31 83-(04)
Question (1): In lieu of repairs to weld defects which exceed Code limitations, does ANSI/ASME
B31.3 permit the application of analysis methods, such as fracture mechanics, in the evaluation of ~d
defects with a "fitness for purpose" concept?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Will the Committee take under consideration the principles set forth in such docu-
ments as BSI PD6493 as possible alternative rules to existing Code rules?
Reply (2): Ye5. The Committee continually considers relevant information and is currently in
receipt of the documents referenced by the inquirer.
Question (3): Will the ComuUttee consider any further relaxation of weld defect limitations in view
of current research ·publications, such as WRC or BSI, on this subject?
Subject: Table 323.2.2 1
File: 1638
Question: When welding ASTM B 241 Grade 6061·T6 seamless aluminum pipe for service temper-
ature of - 32O"F using a filler wire designated 5356 or 4043, does the filler metal being "outside the range
of composition for the base metal" require testing in accordance with Column B, box 5, Table 323.2.2
of ANSI/ASME B31.3? .
Reply: No, since filler wire designated 5356 or 4043 is in the range of composition for welding
ASTM B 241 Grade 6061-T6.
10
B31.3 Interpretations Not 2·20,2-21
Subject: Factor E in Appendix A..
File: 1670 (B31 83-023)
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the use of an E value of 1.0 for A 234 fittings,
Grades WPB and WPC, for both seamless and welded construction?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): A 312 pipe is listed as having E values of 0.8 and 0.85. Is it correct to assume that
these values are taken from Table 302.3.4 and depend on whether the pipe has a single butt weld (3a)
or a double butt weld (3b)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Fittings to A 403 are listed as having E values of 1.0, 0.8S, and 0.80. Is it correct
to assume the following, and that reference to Note. (14) is irrelevant?
f!&!Qr Description of Fjttin.
1.0 CIasa WP-WX
0.8S CIasa wp.W manufactUred from
A 312 pipe, double bun .wcld
0.80 CIasa WP-W manufactured from
A 312 pipe, single butt weld
Reply (3): Yes.
File: 1671 (B31 83-024)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 have wording similar to UG.126(a) and UG-12S(h) of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, which defines a pressure relieving
device more precisely, or which defines the types of devices or systems that do not meet the requirements
of the Code?
Reply: No.
.. ~"
11
B31.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: Notch Sensitive Materials
File: 1641
Question (I): Will the Committee identifY which materials are notch sensitive for proper applica-
tion of 314.2.17
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): What is the meaning of the term "notch sensitive" as used in 314.2.17
Reply (2): The definition of "notch sensitive" is given in 300.2.
Subject: Minimum Hydrostatic Test Pressure
Fl1e: 1676 (B31 83-(29)
Question: When the minimum hydrostatic test pressure of internally pressured metallic piping, as
calculated in aCCordance with Eq. 24 of ANSI!ASME B31.3-1980, exceeds the hydrostatic test pressures
listed in Table 3 of ANSI B16.S-1981, may the minimum hydrostatic test pressure be reduced to those
listed in ANSI B 16.S7
Reply: No, except as allowed by 337.4.1(c).
12
.... ",!",'1'
I
\
InterpretJltion: 2-24
SUbject:
Date Issued:
September 7, 1983
File:
--
• 'I
1677 (1331 83-030)
~°nlan .. Witll
ll.ply (3),ofIntil. "'.!<:bing
"'a11 thiclm... pipe No,. (2), APl'eodix D of ANSI/;\SAfE B31.3, lhe COlTeet Valu. of
for lees.
Ih. "all thicIm... Tis the n..,iOa/ "'a11 thickn... of til. filling for eIbo,., and nriter bends or the no",inal
Question (4), A filting is Provided Witll. short Iengtll of pipe Witll n00linal "'a11 thickn... eqUal
m ,h., of the filling On each 0>Ul mbe ioin';d to til. header. atbIched m tIl.litring by WO/ding or int.graJ
detetnlinatiOJ> the !lOnunaI
tJe.ibility
""h the filling.ofMay " for leesorintil.
"'a1Ilhrc:kn..,
characteristic shOtt /enstJr
AI>PendLt D1 of "'.!ching pipe be USed in the
Q~ti~n
Reply (4), Yes. 7lre derenninaru", or SUBicien'lengtll is 'he ....Ponsibility of til. designer.
~
lnn
(5): 10 ""<:ordanc. Wi", 302.3.5• ..hat is the COrrect aIIOVVab1e stress 10 be -Pared Witb
'h. 8lIUdlOa/ Sir &on, the ....lnlin, of the SOil OJ> til. tIlermaI "'0_ , ofburi<d pipe?
Reply (5): 7lre resulling &on, tIl• .....t>in, of til. SOil OJ> "'ermaI "'0_ ,ofbUried pipe
st..... is S" til. a1IolYaJ>l.'"thor
.... chsplacemen, displacemen, stress Iengi,UdinaI
than SUStained rang., in 302.3.S(d).
Slresses. ACCordingly, lb. COlTect .llow.bl.
,,
2·25,2·26 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Interpretation: 2·25 ,,,'j
Subject: Radiographic Examination

... ' ... ..... '~~ ~'. '.
'
"
((
;/. '
.
File: 1667 (B31 83-020)
Question (1): A certain piping system has 100 welds made by the same welder and welding
procedure. Ten percent radiography was required. Ten welds were radiographed, ,..r which one was
defective. The subsequent second and third progression groups also had defective welds. Does 336.5 of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 require radiographic examination, repair, and radiographic reexamination of all the
welds other than the 9 found acceptable or of the 10 welds represented by the one original defective weld?
Reply (1): The first alternative is correct if the lot size has been established as 100 and the selection
is truly random. The second is correct if the lot size has been established as 10 and each is represented
by 1 of the 10· welds radiographed at random.
Question (2): What is intended by "all comparable items" as used in 336.5?
Reply (2): Comparable items contained in a designated lot.
Subject: Synfuel Plant Piping
File: 1541R
Question: What section of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31, may be used for materials,
design, fabrication, assem~ly, erection, examination, inspection, and test of piping within coal based
synfuels plants for the production of electric power and/or industrial steam primarily for use within the
plant?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies to piping associated with power boilers and subject to the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, inspection and stamping. [See 831.1, 100.1 and Fig.
l00.1.2(A) and (8).]
Either ANSI/ASME B31.1 or B31.3 is applicable to other piping associated with the production
or distribution of industrial steam or production of electric power primarily for use within the plant.
(See B31.3, Fig. 300.1.1.)
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applies to all other piping primarily for use within the pIanL
14
831.3 Interpretations NJ 2 2·27
( ",
Subject: Area of Reinforcement fer Contoured Integrally Reinforced Branch Connections
File: 1681 (B31 83-034)
Question: Do the rules for extruded outlets apply to contoured integrally reinforced fittings? If not,
what are the cOr:'~t equations, indicated in ANSI!ASME B31.1, B31.2, B31.3, B31.4, and B31.8, to
be used in determining the limits of area reinforcement for contoured integrally reinforced branch
connecting fittings (e.g., Weldolet) and extruded outlets?
Reply: The contoured integrally reinforced fitting is not an extruded outlet. The equations set forth
in the B31 Codes for determining the reinforcing limits of an extruded outlet do not apply in determining
the reinforcing limits of a contoured integrally reinforced fitting.
...
15
831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: 336.4.2, Visual Examination .•
Date Issued: December 2, 1983
File: 1682 (B3l 83-035)
Question (1): 336.5.l(a) of ANSIIASME B31.3-l980 Edition requires visual examination in ac-
cordance with 336.4.2. Is it intended that 336.4.2(c), In-Process Examination, be included as part Qfthis
visual examination?
Reply (1): No. This was clarified in ANSI/ASME B31.3b-1982 by changing 336.4.2(c) to 336.4.7.
Question (2): M336.5.l(a)(1) of ANSIIASME B31.3-l980 Edition requires that all fabrication,
including the welds, be visually examined.
(a) Is this visual examination required for welds which are radiographed as required by
M336.5.l(b)?
(b) Is this visual examination required if in-process examination as allowed by M336.5.l(c) is
substituted for required radiography?
Reply (2): (a) Yes. (b) Yes. The visual examination is included in the in-process examination.
Question (3): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3-l980 Edition require written procedures for visual exami-
nation?
Reply (3): Yes. Refer to 336.4.l(c).
Question (4): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3-1980 Edition require a record of the visual examination
results by individual weld?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does ANSIIASME B31.3-1980 Edition allow production workmen to perform the
visual examination?
Reply (5): Refer to T-94O(b), Article 9, Section V of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
which states, "Where impractical to use specialized visual examination personnel, knowledgeable pro-
duction workmen may be used to perform the examination and to sign the report forms."
16
c
B31.3 IntJretations NO: 2
Interpretation:. 2·29 .. -.
Subject: 301.2.1. Required Pressure Containment or Relief
Date Issued: December 20, 19~3
File: 1687 (B31 83.(40)

; ".'. Question: Docs any device or system, such as pressure reducing valves or similar mechanical or
electrical interlocks and/or control instruments, satisfy the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3, 301.-
2.1, to safely relieve any excess pressures?
Reply: The Code requires that provision be made to contain or safely relieve excessive pressure,
but does not address acceptable types of pressure relieving devices.
.... Interpretation: 2-30
Subject: Use or Term "Owner"

File: 1688 (.831 83~1)
Question (I): Is the final owner always the "owner" referred to in ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.

,' ....
Question (2): Is the engineering construction contractor the "owner" until the piping is erected,
mechanically complete, tested, and subsequently "sold" to the final owner?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Who is responsible for determining pressure test methods and media on jobs where
the engineering and construction are performed by dift'erent contractors?
Reply (3): The owner is responsible.
......
17
------
2·31,2-32 B31.3 Interpretations No. 2
0:,..'"
Interpretation: 2·31 ,",i;·"·
Subject: 337, Pressure Tests ..... '.,. ';;,l:;;
File: 1691 (B31 83-044)
Question: Since ANSI/ASME B31.3b-1982 does not exclude piping systems designed for internal
°
gage pressures at or above psi if the fluid handled is flammable, toxic, or damaging to human tissue,
nor does it exclude any fluid outside the design temperature range of from -2o-F through 366°F, must
the following piping systems be pressure tested in accordance with 3377
(a) Discharge piping for pressure-relieving safety devices designed for steam at a design temperature
of 375°F and a design pressure of a psi, discharging directly to atmosphere.
(b) Drain piping handling a toxic fluid at a design temperature of 80"F and a design pressure of
° psi discharging directly to atmosphere (e.g., an atmospheric pressure holding tank).
. '.-
Reply: The minimum hydrostatic test gage pressure is as calculated by Eq. 24, which for 0 psi,
design pressure is O. Note that a pressure differential is required for fluid flow.
Subject: Random Examination Requirements
File: 1693 (B31 83..(46)
Question (1): Are "same lkind" groups of items which are represented by an acceptable randomly
selected and examined item (or which are represented by the acceptable completion of the progression
of examinations as a result of an unacceptable randomly selected and examined item) considered
acceptable by ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the selection and examination of additional items from "same kind" groups
previously accepted by random examination (in compliance with the Code and engineering design)
considered as being beyond ANSI!ASME B31.3 requirements for random examinations?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the minimum quantities of examination have been performed and found
acceptable.
18
~.. '.,:.

(This supplement is not part of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.)
Interpretation revealed a ne~d for corrections ofa technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply, bearing
the original Interpretation Number with the suffix R, is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these Interpretations when or if additional infor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the Interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endorse"
19
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 3-1, 3-2, 3-3
Interpretation: 3-1
j
Subject: Scope of the B31 Codes .. . ....
File: 1607
Question: What ANSI/ASME B31 Code is the applicable Code for a steam line transferring steam
from a power house to the interior of a tobacco plant?
Reply: ANSI!ASME B31.1 is applicable to all power and auxiliary service piping in the power
plant.
The applicable Code for the transfer line and any distribution within the tobacco plant depends upon
its purpose. If used to generate power, ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies. If used as building services,
ANSI/ASME B31.9 applies. If used as part of a chemical process, ANSI!ASME B31.3 applies.
If the piping is clearly not within the scope of these or other B31 Codes, B31 Case 137 permits the
user to select any B31 Code System determined to be generally applicable.
Subject: Pressure-Tight Structures of Noncircular Cross Section
File: B31-84-001
Question: Does the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3 include pressure-tight structures of noncircular
cross section which may bel used to convey a fluid or transmit a fluid pressure?
Reply: Yes, unless otherwise excluded by 300.1.3. See also 300(c)(3), (4), and (5); and 304.7.2.
Subject: 337 Pressure Tests

i~f
File: B31-84-OQ3
Question: In a piping system connecting two pieces of equipment and consisting of pipe with flanges
on each end, must this piping be pressure tested in accordance with 337 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 when
the two pieces of equipment are required to be blanked off from any pressure test?
Reply: Yes.
21
3-4,3·5 B31.3 Interpretations No.3
'· ·'· .·
Subject: Design Conditions and Criteria. L·.....l":t:'.
'
File: B3l-84-005
Question (1): For the pressure design of piping in accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, is a stress
value equal to Sh (in 302.3.5) the correct allowable stress to be used for elevated temperature design,
independent of the time of exposure?
Reply (1): Yes, except as permitted in 302.2.4. Also, see 300(c)(3).
Question (2): In accordance with 301.7.2 of ANSI!ASME B31.3, how should the loads due to
thermal gradients be evaluated in the design of piping and piping components?
Reply (2): ANSI!ASME B31.3 does not give specific requirements for the evaluation of thermal
gradient effects. See the Introduction and 300(c)(3).
Question (3): .Since the ASME formula for flange design only considers axisymmetricalloads, can
these formulas be modified to account for nonaxisymmetricalloads, such as moment, torsion, and shear
force?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not give specific guidance concerning modification of flange
design formulas.
Interpretation: 3-5
Subject: Progressive Examination
File: B31-84-009
Question: In applying the ANSI/ASME B31.3 requirements for progressive examination in 336.-
5.4, random radiography is specified within "a designated lot" of piping. Is it permissible to include
piping from more than one owner in "a designated lot"?
Reply: No.
t"'.··".'.'
~ .
........
22
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 3·6,3·7
Interpretation: 3-6
Subject: Use of Flared, Flareless, and Compr~ssion Fittings
File: 1683 (B31-83-036)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 have any limitations on tubing sizes on which flared, flareless,
and compression type fittings may be used?
Reply: The only limitations on tubing sizes on which flared, flareless, and compression type fittings
may be used under ANSI/ASME B31.3 are in Category M fluid service where tubing size is limited to
¥s in. outside diameter (see M335.5, M335.6, and M322.3). In all fluid services such joints must conform
to 315.2 or 315.3.
Interpretation: 3-7
Subject: 336.S.1(c) Certification and Records for Components and Materials
File: B31-84-007
Question (1): Does visual examination of the manufacturers's markings in accordance with the
listed standard satisfy the "other evidence" requirement of 336.5. 1(c) for the following standard pressure
parts?
(a) pipe
(b) pipe fittings
(c) flanges
(d) valves
Reply (I): Yes, provided that mill test reports, certificates of compliance, or evidence of heat
treatment, examination, and testing are not required.
Question (2): Same question for Category M fluid service?
Reply (2): Yes, provided that mill test reports, certificates of compliance, or evidence of heat
treatment, examination, and testing are not required and that the material in question is not reclaimed
material (see M323.1.3).
23
3-8,3-9 B31.3 Interpretations No.3
Subject: Use of ASTM A 658 .,. .....
Date Issued: October I, 1984
File: B31-84-008
Question (I): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 Code permit the use of ASTM A 658 (36% Ni) plate for
the fabrication of pipe?
Reply (I): Yes, provided all applicable requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3 are met.
Question (2): What material category in Table 323.2.2 is applicable to ASTM A 658?
Reply (2): ASTM A 658 is an austenitic material.
Subject: Use of API SL Spiral Welded Pipe
File: B31-84-011
Question (l): May API SL Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe be used for Category D fluid service in (f;:
accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (I): The 33rd EeL of API 5L, which includes spiral welded pipe, is not yet recognized by
the Code. However, the Code recognized the 12th Ed. of API 5LS. API SLS Grade B Spiral Welded
Pipe may be used for Category D fluid service.
Question (2): May API SLS Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe be used for services other than Category
D fluid service, which are not subject to severe cyclic conditions?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): What are the limitations on the use of API 5LS Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe in
ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (3): See 305.2 and 323.2.
24
-- ---------
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 3.10, 3·11, 3·12
Subject: 337.3 Test Preparation
File: B31-84-013
Question: In ANSI/ASME B31.3, 337.3 states "all joints, including welds and bonds, are to be left
uninsulated and exposed for examination..."." Does this mean that the joints must be left unpainted
and unprimed?
Reply: No, except when a sensitive leak test (337.6) is to be performed.
Subject: Table 302.3.4, Straight and Spiral Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor Ej
File: B31-84-015
Question: Under what conditions can the weld joint quality factor Ej for the longitudinal welds in
API 5L ERW pipe exceed 0.85 for usage under the rules of ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: None. Refer to Table 302.3.4 and the Note following the table.
Subject: 336.6.1, Spot Radiographs for Metals

" ,
File: B31-84-016
Question (1): May spot radiography of girth welds in accordance with 336.6.1 of ANSI/ASME
B31.3 be substituted for required 5% random radiography or 100% radiography?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Under what conditions is spot radiography of girth welds allowed?
Reply (2): Spot radiography of girth welds is allowed only as a supplement (see 336.6) to the
examination required by 336.5.
25
1
1
.-o}," :.~_ •.
1
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 1
3·13 '
\ 1
Allowable Stresses 1
1
October 1, 1984
1
File: B31-84-019 1
1
Question: May the allowable stresseS for austenitic stainless steel in excess of two-thirds of the
specified minimum yield strength listed in Appendix A of ANSIIASME B31.3 be used as tabulated for 1
establishing pipe wall thickness? 1
1
Reply: Yes. However, the designer is responsible for assuring that slight amounts of deformation
are acceptable [see Note (3) of 302.3.2]. 1
1
1
Subject: 336.4.7 In-Process Examination 1
1
1
File: B31-84-020 1
1
Question: 336.5. 1(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 states: "In-process examination as provided in 336.4.7
may be substituted for all or part of the radiographic or ultrasonic examination on a weld-far-weld basis 1
if specified in the engineering design, regardless ·of temperature or pressure." Does this mean each weld 1
must be in-process examined or is the percentage (5%) applicable?
1
Reply: The percentage is applicable. 1

I
1
t: 1
!~" 1
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" -~
1
,.
-
~.
tI . ,:" 1
1
[: '
1
k:
f.' 1
t.\(:---
. ·.·.:.·.· 1
1
~, . 1
26 t
t
~ ,
1
"
: :.
ANSI/ASM E 831.3
Interpretations No.4'
(This supplement is not part of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.!
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3 as
part of the subscription service. This supplement includes interpretations concerning B31.3 issued
between January 1, 1985 and August 31, 1986. They have been assigned interpretation numbers in
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the latest Edition or Addenda at the time of issuance
of the interpretation or the Edition or Addenda stated in the reply. Subsequent revisions to the Code
may have superseded the reply.
editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity, In some instances, a review of the
interpretation revealed a need' for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply,
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R, is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional infor-
mation is available which the inquirer belives might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated in the
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "en-
dorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
27
B31.3
Subject Interpretation File No.
300(b) Responsibility for Categorizing Fluid Services . 4-08 831-85-003

301.5.3 . 4-07 831-84-037
302.2.4<0(1) and 301.3.2(b)(4) . 4-11 831-85-001
304.3.2 . 4-05 831-84-033
Table 323.2.2 . 4-01 831-84-028
Table 323.2.2 . 4-15 831-85-022
327.4.4(d)(2) . 4-03 831-84-031
327.S.Hdl and 327.5.2 . 4-17 831-85-031
329 . 4-02 831-84-029
331.3.6(bl . 4-06 831-84-035
337.4 . 4-04 831-84-032
337.5.1 (b)(I)(bl . 4-09 831-85-008
Allowable Stresses ................•....................................... 4-12 831-85-002
8ranch Connection . 4-14 831·85-021
Flexibility and Stress Intensity Factors . 4-16 831-85-024
limitations on Temperature and Materials for Category 0 Fluid Services . 4-13 831-85-011
Longitudinal Stresses, 302.3.5(c), and Corrosion . 4-10 831-84-038
Scope, Hot, Oil Heating System Piping . 4-19 831-86·007
Welding of'ASTM 8 337 . 4-18 831-85-033
:> ~:<.~ "

\,!:.,,>'
29
831.3 Interpretations NO.4 4-01, 4-02,4-03
Subject: Table 323.2.2
Date Issued: january 11, 1985
File: B31-84-028
Question: In Table 323.2.2, Column B, Box 2 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, does "material" in the first
paragraph refer to base l11etal?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 329
File: B31-84-029
Question: When piping which otherwise does not require heat treatment is straightened by
heating, do the requirements for bending in 329 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 apply?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 327.4.4(d)(2) ,
File: B31-84-031
Question: 327.4.4(d)(2) of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 states: "If the weld joining the added reinforcement
to the branch is a fillet weld, the throat dimension shall not be less than O.7t min [see Fig. 327.4.40 sketch
(5»)." If the reinforcement is shaped as in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (3) rather than the Fig. 327.4.40 sketch
(5) referenced, and is attached to the branch by a fillet weld only, is the O.7t min throat applicable?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of 304.3.3, including proper attachment, are satisfied.
31
4-04 831.3 Interpretations NO.4
Subject: 33704
File: 631-84-032
Question (1): Is it required to consider the static head pressure of the fluid when determining the
reduction of the minimum hydrostatic gage pressure required by 337A.Hb) of ANSI/ASME 631.3 to
the maximum pressure that will not exceed the yield strength as allowed ,by 337 A.Hc)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the combined pressure of static head of the test fluid during pressure testing and
the test pressure will produce a stress in excess of the yield strength of the material being pressure
tested, may the piping system be excluded from pressure testing?
Reply (2): No (see 337.1).
(
32
Subject: 304.3.2
File: 631-84-033
Question (1): What does the ANSII ASM E 631.3 Code mean by the term "integrally reinforced
branch connection fitting"?
Reply (1): An integrally reinforced branch connectio~ fitting is a fitting in which the pressure
retaining strength of the branch connection assembly is provided by the material within the fitting itself
and when attached as recommended by the manufacturer.
Question (2): How does one ascertain if a commercially available welding outlet fitting meets the
above description of an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
Reply (2): It is the designer's responsibility to determine the adequacy of the manufacturer's
component based on the rules of the Code.
Question (3): Does an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting as described in 304.3.2(c)
also include fittings with flanged outlets?
Reply (3): Such fittings are permitted provided that the reinforcement and other design features
meet the requirements of the Code.
Question (4): Who is responsible for assuring compliance with the testing provisions of 304.3.2
of ANSI I ASM E 631.3 when required?
Reply (4): The designer is responsible to the owner for assurance that the engineering design of
the piping complies with the requirements of this Code. See 300(b)(2).
Question (5): Can it be assumed, without calculation, that a long weldneck flange has adequate
pressure strength as described in 304.3.2?
Reply (5): No. Calculations are required by 304.7.2 to qualify the design in accordance with
304.3.2(C). However, once the design has been qualified in accordance with 304.7.2, calculations
need not be made for every branch connection. As stated in 304.7.2 "reasonable interpolations
between sizes, pressure classes, and wall thickness and reasonable analogies among related materials,
are permitted."
33
4-06, 4-07, 4-08 B31.3 Interpretations No.4
Subject: 331.3.6(bl
File: B31-84-035
Question: Is it permissible to apply the exclusions in 331.3.6(bl of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 to nonpres-
sure attachment welds other than fillet welds?
Reply: No.
Subject: 301.5.3
File: B31-84-037
Question: Does 301.5.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 require that all piping systems be designed for
earthquake induced horizontal forces?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 300(bl Responsibility for Categorizing Fluid Services
File: B31-85-003
Question: As defined in ANSII ASME B31.3, is it the responsibility of the designer to classify fluid
services as Category D or Category M?
Reply: No, the designer can recommend to the owner but the ultimate responsibility for identifying
these fluid services rests with the owner. See 300(b)(1).
34
831.3 Interpretations No. 4 4-09,4-10'
Subject: 337.5.1 (b)(l )(b)
File: B31-85-008
Question: Does 337.5.Hb)(1)(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 require liquid penetrant or magnetic parti-
cle examination of butt welds which have been 100% radiographed in accordance with
337.5.1 (b)(l )(a)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Longitudinal Stresses, 302.3.5(c), and Corrosion
File: B31-84-038
Question (1): In 302.3.5(c) of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, does longitudinal stress include sustained
stresses due to axial loads?
Reply (1): Yes.

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"
Question (2): When computing longitudinal stress in accordance with 302.3.5(c), is it required to
base the applied pipe weight on the nominal wall thickness and stress on the corroded thickness of
the pipe?
Reply (2): No; however, 300(c)(3) states in part that the Code generally employs a simplified
approach and 300(c)(5) requires unusual service requirements to be specified in the engineering design.
Question (3): For thermal flexibility analysis in accordance with 319, is it required to determine
stresses by applying the forces and moments produced by pipe of nominal wall thickness to the pipe
section in the corroded condition?
Reply (3): No. Nominal wall thickness shall be used in flexibility calculations. Refer to 319.3.5,
300(c)(3), and 300(c)(5l.
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4-11,4-12 631.3 Interpretations NO.4
Subject: 302.2.4(0(1) and 301.3.2(b)(4)
File: B31-85-001
Question (1): For occasional variations in pressure or temperature above operating levels, is it
permissible to exceed the pressure rating or the allowable stress for pressure design at the temperature
of the increased condition by up to 33%, provided that all of the requirements of 302.2.4 of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 are met?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Do the percentage temperature reduction provisions in 301.3.2 apply to the abso-
lute temperature scales as well as the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales?
Reply (2): No. The percent temperature reductions only apply to the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales.
Subject: Allowable Stresses
File: B31-85-002
(
Question (l): For the pressure design of longitudinal or spiral welded pipe under internal pressure,
a value for Sf is required. Is the correct value of Sf to be used in 304.1.2 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 that
value listed in Appendix A, Table A-1, under the pipe material specification and grade?
Reply (l): Yes.
Question (2): For the determination of the allowable longitudinal stress for circumferential welds
in accordance with 302.3.5, is it required to apply a weld joint quality factor?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Do the random examination percentages required by ANSI/ ASME B31.3 apply to
each fabricator, manufacturer, and erector individually?
Reply (3): Yes.
(, •...
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36
B31.3 Interpretations No.4 4-13, 4-14, 4-15 :
Subject: Limitations on Temperature and Materials for Category DFluid Service
File: B31-85-011
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, what is the uppenemperature limitation of
ASTM A 671, Grade CB70 pipe with stiffener rings manufactured from ASTM A 36 plate?
Reply (1): It is 750"F for the ASTM A 36 stiffener rings.
Question (2): Is the material combination limited to Category D fluid service?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Branch Connection
File: B31-85-021
Question: Maya welded branch connection fitting of the design illustrated in Fig. 127.4.8(F) of
ANSI/ASME B31.1 be used in ANSI/ASME B31.3 construction?
Reply: Yes, provided t w meets the requirements for reinforcement in ANSI/ASME 831.1. The
weld shown in Fig. 127.4.8(F) is considered to be a full penetration weld with integral backing.
File: B31-85-022
Question: When ASTM A 193 Gr B7 bolting material is furnished in the quenched and tempered
condition and is to be used at temperatures below - 20"F through - 50"F, is it required that the material
be impact tested?
Reply: No.
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37
Subject: Flexibility and Stress Intensity Factors·
File: B31-85-024
Question (1): Table 0-1 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 gives flexibility and stress intensification factors for
an unreinforced fabricated tee. Are these flexibility and stress intensification factors applicable to both
a "stub-in" unreinforcecJ fabricated tee as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (2) and a "stub-in" tee
as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (ll? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Table 0-1 gives flexibility and stress intensification factors for a reinforced fabricated
tee with pad or saddle. Are these flexibility and stress intensification factors applicable to both a
"stub-in" reinforced fabricated tee with pad or saddle as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (4) and
a "stub-on" tee as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (3)?
Reply (2): Yes.
c
Subject: 327.5.Hd) and 327.5.2
File: B31-85-031
Question (1): When qualifying welding procedures which require impact testing, is the basic
qualified thickness range Y2t to t + Y. in. rather than the range given in Section IX of the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code of the lesser of S/8 in., and t to 2t as in QW-403.6 (where t is thickness of
test coupon)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the fact that P-Numbers in Appendix A are not further divided into Group
Numbers, similar to Section IX, QW-422, to be interpretated that the Group Numbers of Section IX
need not be considered when qualifying welding procedures to Section IX for impact tested ·materials?
Reply (2): No. (See Column A of Table 323.3.1.)
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38
831.3 Interpretations No.4 4-18, 4-19
Subject: Welding of ASTM B 337
File: B31-85-033
Question (1): In Table A-1 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Note (17) is referenced for ASTM B 337
unalloyed titanium pipe. Is it intended to require welding without use of filler metal for all sizes and
wall thicknesses of pipe,?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Will the Committee consider revising Note (17) to permit use of filler metal in the
larger sizes and wall thicknesses of ASTM B 337 pipe?
Reply (2): No, unless ASTM revises B 337 to require welding procedures and welders or welding
operators to be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Subject: Scope, Hot Oil Heating System Piping
File: B31-86-007
Question: Which B31 Code Section is applicable to a hot oil distribution system used to provide
heat to vinyl manufacturing equipment?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 is the applicable Code.
39
ASME/ANSI831.3
Interpretations No~ 5
(This supplement is not p;1rt of ASME/ ANSI 831.3 or its Addenda.!
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 631 Committee concerning 631.3 as
part of the subscription service. This supplement includes interpretations concerning 631.3 issued
between September 1, 1986, and June 30, 1987. They have been assigned interpretation numbers in
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply,
bearing the original intrepretation number with the suffix R, is presented.
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons ag-
grie\(ed by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated
in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or
"endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
41
831.3
Para. 300.2, Category 0 Fluid Service . 5-03 831-85-018

Paras. 304.2.3 and 304.7.2; Use of Fillet Welded Circumferential Reinforcement
8ands; Miter 8ends . 5-11 831-86-018
Para. 304.3 and Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification Factor Tables . 5-01 831-85-030
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure-Temperature Ratings of Socket Weld and Threaded
Steel Valves '.. 5-05 831-86-001
Paras. 308.2.1 and 308.2.4; Use of Slip-On Flanges; Cyclic loading . 5-12 831-86-020
Para. 319.3.6, Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification Factor . 5-15 831-86-032
Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.5, Impact Testing Methods-Specific limitations . 5-14 831-86-022
Paras. 327.4 and 336.4, Weld Imperfections-Radiographic Examination . 5-09 831-86-016
Para. 327.4.1 and Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance Criteria for Tungsten Inclusions . 5-17 831-86-010
Paras. 331.1.2 and 331.3.4, Temperature Monitoring of Stress Relieving of Pipe Welds
In Series . 5-08 831·86-009
Para. 336.5.1 and Appendix E, Material Manufacturer's Certifications-
Specification Dates . 5-10 831-86-017
Para. 337.3, Hydrostatic Test . 5-02 831·85-017
Para. 337.5.1, Special Alternative Tests . 5-07 831-86-005
Table 323.2.2, Toughness Test Requirements-Required Heat Treatment . 5-19 831-86-044
Table 323.2.2, lower Temperature limitations : . 5-21 831-87-007
Table 327.4.1A, Definition of Tw •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5-04 831-85-036
Table 327.4.1A, limitations On Imperfections in Welds-Internal Porosity , . 5·13 831-86-021
Table 327.4.1A, Porosity limitations , , . 5-16 831-85-0368
Table 327.4.1 A, Requirements For Unexamined Girth 8uttwelds . 5-18 831-86-023
Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance Criteria For Welds . 5-20 831-86-045
Table 331.3.1 and Para. 331.3.6, PWHT-8ranch Connection Welds . 5-06 831-85-037
Hydratest Preparation . 5-23 831·86-033
Introduction and Para. 337.1, SCope and Applicability of Code ;. 5-22 831-87-011
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43
631.3 Interpretations No. S : 5-01
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.8, Paras. 831.41 and 831.6 and Table E-1 and ANSI/ASME
B31.3, Para. 304.3 and Table D-l; Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification
Factor Tables
File: B31-85-030
Question (1): What is the difference between a "welding tee per ANSI B16.9" and an "extruded
welding tee" as stated in Appendix D, Table D-l of ANSI/ASME B31.3 and Appendix E, Table E-1 of
ANSI/ASME B31.8?
Reply (1): A "welding tee per ANSI B16.9" complies with all requirements of ANSI B16.9. An
"extruded welding tee" complies with the requirements of para. 304.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or paras.
831.41 and 831.6 of ANSI/ASME B31.8.
Question (2): Is the difference related to ANSI 816.9 dimensions as defined by ANSI/ASME 831.3
and ANSI/ASME B31.8?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Is the difference related to manufacturing?
Reply (3): ANSI 816.9 does not specify manufacturing methods.

I
~. Question (4): When a "welding tee per ANSI 816.9" does not meet the radius and thickness limits
spe<!ified in Appendix D, Table D-l of ANSI/ASME 831.3 or Appendix E, Table E-l of ANSI/ASME
831 ~8, is it permissible to use the flexibility characteristic h for an "extruded welding tee" provided
r x, is greater than or equal to 0.05Db and Tc is less than 1.5 T?
Reply (4): .Yes, provided the tee is formed by an extrusion process; otherwise it is the responsibility
of the designer to determine the proper flexibility characteristic.
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5-02, 5-03, 5-04 831.3 Interpretations No.' 5
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with the ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,

(r
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Para. 337.3, Hydrostatic Test.
File: B31-85-017
Question: The piping for a project is fabricated in sections having several circumferential welds.
If these sections are then pressure tested in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/ ASME B31.3,
do these previously tested joints, which have met the requirements of' the Code, have to be left
uninsulated and exposed during the hydrostatic·test required before the initial operation of the piping
system?
Reply: No, see para. 337.3.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 300.2, Category D Fluid Service
File: B31-85-018
Question: As defined in ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 300.2 for Category D fluid service, is damage e
to human tissue caused by leakage of a fluid having a design temperature not over 366°F, considered 'ii2
to be "reversible" when the fluid is otherwise innocuous to skin, eyes, and exposed mucous mem-
branes?
. Reply: Yes. It should be noted that contact by persons with fluid contained in the piping under
design conditions is not possible because the expansion and dilution of leaking fluids reduces both
pressure and temperature. It should also be noted that the owner is responsible for identifying Category
D fluid service [see para. 300(b)(1 »).

Table 327.4.1 A, Definition of ~ .
File: B31-85-036
Question: What is the definition of ~ as used in Table 327.4.1A o( ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: ~ is defined in ANSI/ASME B31.3 as the nominal wall thickness of the thinner of the
components joined by a butt weld. The definitions for all symbols used in ANSI/ASM E B31.3 are in
Appendix J Nomenclature.
46
83 t.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-05,5-06
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure-Temperature Ratings of Socket Weld

and Threaded Steel Valves
File: B31-86-001
Question (1): May API 602-1985 be used for selecting socket weld or threaded valves in piping
subject to the requirements of ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes, provided that the requirements of para. 304.7.2 are satisfied.
Question (2): May MSS-SP-84 be used for selecting socket weld and threaded valves in piping
subject to the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3?

Table 331.3.1 and Para. 331.3.6, PWHT-Branch Connection Welds

... "
File. B31-85-037
Question: Is postweld heat treatment required by ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 331.3.6 for branch
connection welds when the thickness of the components at the joint is greater than the nominal
thickness listed in Table 331.3.1, but the thickness through the weld in any plane is less than two times
the nominal wall thickness listed?
Reply: No, see para. 331.3.6(al.
/'1>
47
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with the ANSf/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 337.5.1, Special Alternative Tests
File: B31-86-005
Question (1): Is it permissible under the rules of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to apply the requirements of
para. 337.5.1(b) even though the conditions of para. 337.5.Ha) are not met?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, may the owner waive the requirement of
meeting the condition of para. 337.5 .1(a)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 331.1.2 and 331.3.4, Temperature

Monitoring of Stress Relieving of Pipe Welds In Series
File: B31-86-009
Question (1): When local heat treatment of welds is performed in accordance with ANSI/ASME
B31.3, para. 331.3.7, does ,each weld require temperature measurement?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Several identical welds are separately locally heat treated using electrical resistance
heaters in series. Is temperature measurement of each weld required to ensure that the required
temperature range exists over the complete circumference?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Do temperature measurements taken in accordance with para. 331.3.4 to ensure
the required heat cycle have to be documented?
Reply (3): No.
48
B31.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-0~, 5-10
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 327.4 and 336.4, Weld

Imperfections - Radiographic Examination
File: B31-86-016
Question (1): Do limitations on imperfections for 100% radiography apply when 100% radio-
graphic examination is not required by the Code, but is required by the engineering design?
Reply (1): Yes, unless the engineering' design states otherwise.
Question (2): Do the blackened areas in Figs. 327.4.1A and 327.4.1B depict lack of fusion?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition With the ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 336.5.1 and Appendix E, Material Manufacturer's
Certifications - Specification Dates
Fil~: B31-86-017
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME B31.3 that material manufacturer's certifications

must be supplied with pressure-retaining materials and components?
Reply (1): No, see para. 336.5.1 (c).
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME B31.3 that a material manufacturer's certification

shall show the edition date of the standard to which the material or component is manufactured?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): How are materials and components verified as complying with the edition dates
listed in Appendix E?
Reply (3): The Code does not specify a means for verification.
"
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49
5-11 B31.3 Interpretations No. :5
Subject: ANSI!ASME B31.3-1984, Paras. 304.2.3 and 304.7.2; Use of Fillet Welded
Circumferential Reinforcement Bands; Miter Bends
File: 631-86-018
Question (1): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3 prohibit the use of fillet welded circumferential reinforce-
ment bands to join piptng in Category D fluid service, in lieu of butt welding?
Reply (1): No, provided that the requiremehts of para. 304.7.2 are met, considering all applicable
loadings. See also para. 301.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI!ASME B31.3 what is the method (equation) for calculating
minimum wall thickness for piping using miter bends?
Reply (2): Pressure design of miter bends is covered in para. 304.2.3.
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50
831.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-12
'. '-:
'~,. . Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, With the ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,
Paras. 308.2.1 and 308.2.4; Use of Slip-On Flanges; Cyclic loading
File: B31-86-020
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASM E B31.3 permit the use of slip-on flanges in services where cyclic
loading is caused by pressure variations?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the use of slip-on flanges under severe cyclic
conditions, if safeguarded?
Reply (2); Yes.
Question (3): What is meant by safeguarding, and how is it achieved when a flange is subjected
to cyclic loading due to pressure variations?
Reply (3): See Appendix G.
Question (4): Does ANSI/ ASME B31.3 permit the use of welding methods other than those in Fig.
327.4.2B for services not listed in para. 308.2.1?
Reply (4): Yes, see para. 327.4.2(b).
Question (5): What is the difference between cyclic loading and severe cyclic conditions?
Reply (5): Severe cyclic conditions are defined in para. 300.2. Cyclic loading refers to any type
of cyclic service other 'than severe cyclic conditions.
51
1':...'
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Subject: ANSI/ ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, With the ANSI/ ASME 831.3a-1984 Addenda,
Table 327.4.1A, Limitations on Imperfections in Welds-Internal Porosity
File: 831-86-021
Question (1): In ANSI!ASME 831.3, Table 327.4.1 A, under internal porosity forfillet, socket, seal
and reinforcement attachment welds, the wording NA (not applicable) is indicated. Does this mean
that radiographic examination is not required (or this type of joint configuration?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): What limitations on imperfections for porosity are specified by the Code if the
engineering design requires radiographic examination of socket welds but does not specify limitations
for porosity as required by para. 336.6, Supplementary Examination? .
Reply (2): None.
Subject: ANSI/ASME 831.3-1984 Edition With the ANSI/ASME 831.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.5, Impact Testing Methods-Specific Limitations
File: 831-86-022
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI!ASME 831.3, is - 20°F an acceptable design temperature
for A 53 and A 106 materials without impact testing?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME 831.3, is there a minimum thickness limitation
within which carbon steel materials can be used without impact testing?
Reply (2): No.
52
831.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-15,: 5-16
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 631.3-1984 Edition With Addenda through ANSI/ ASME
631.3b-1986, Para. 319.3.6, Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification
Factor
File: 631-86-032
Question: What flexibility or stress intensification factors should be used for reinforced or unrein-
forced branch connections intersecting the run at less than 90 deg.?
Reply: The determination of the flexibility or stress intensification factors for component geome-
tries not included in Appendix 0 is the responsibility of the designer (see also para. 319.3.6).
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 631.3-1984 Edition With the ANSI/ ASME 631.3a-1984 Addenda,
Table 327.4.1 A, Porosity limitations
File: 631-85-0366
Question: In ANSI/ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1A, Note (3) specifies porosity limits using f..,.
,I. When evaluating the limitations on a radiographic image, is Tw used, or is the thickness t used as
defi~ed in 6PV Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 4?
Reply: The thickness t is used. f.., in Note (3) is used to define a division of limitations.
53
5-17,5-18 B31.3 Interpretations No.' 5
Subject: ANSI/ASME 631.3-1984 Edition, Para. 327.4.1 and Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance
Criteria for Tungsten Inclusions
File: 631-86-010
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1 A, are elongated tungsten
inclusions evaluated as'an elongated indication?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1A, what acceptance criteria
arE:! used to evaluate tungsten inclusions which are not elongated?
Reply (2): ANSI/ASME 631.3 does not address tungsten inclusions which are not elongated.
Consideration will be given for the development of criteria.

Table 327.4.1 A, Requirements For Unexamined Girth 6utt Welds

c.:.· ·
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File: 631-86-023
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME 831.3 that girth butt welds which have not been
visually examined or radiographed, in a designated lot which required only the Code's minimum 5%
radiography, be capable of complying with the limitations on imperfections as specified in Table
327.4.1A?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Assuming the Engineering Design requires fabrication to ANSI/ASME 631.3, requir-
ing the minimum' 5% visual examination and random radiography of girth butt welds, what is the
minimum weld quality required by the Code for butt welds which have not been individually examined,
but were represented by a successful random visual and radiographic examination?
Reply (2): See Question (1) and Reply (1). The Code accepts such welds subject to leak testing.
Note: The Code assumes that the 5% which were required to be examined will be representative of
the entire lot, but a guarantee of such is a contractual matter to be specified by the engineering design.
See Note (1), Table 327.4.16.
fl".
~
54
831.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-19~ 5-20
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition With Addenda Through ANSI/ASME

B31.3b-1986, Table 323.2.2, Toughness Test Requirements- Required Heat
Treatment
File: B31-86-044
Question: In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, when the conditions of Note
(2) are met, may the material be furnished in any heat treated condition that conforms to the material
specification? .
Reply: Yes.

Table 327.4.1 A, Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-86-045
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 327.4.1A, for surface porosity and
exposed slag inclusion (3/16 in. nominal wall thickness and less) imperfections, should there be some-
thing listed under "When Required Examination Is:"
Reply (1): No. S~ the requirements in para. 336.5.
Question (2): In ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 327.4.1A, for surface porosity and exposed slag
inclusion (3116 in. nominal wall thickness and less) imperfections, listed under each weld type are the
words "None permitted." Is this requirement excessively stringent?
Reply (2): No, considering the limitations of the required examination methods. (Please note that
Table 327.4.1A has been relocated and revised as Table 341.3.2A in Addenda b of ANSI/ASME
B31.3.)
Question (3): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, what acceptance criteria should be applied
°to surface porosity for wall thickness greater than 3116 in.?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address acceptance criteria for surface porosity for wall
thickness greater than 3/16 in.
I ' '}
55
5-21,5-22 831.3 Interpretations No. 5

Table 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limitations
File: 631-87-007
Question: Is it the intent of ANSI/ ASME 631.3, Table 323.2.2, Note (2), to apply to deposited
weld metal and heat affected zone in Column 6, 60x 2?
Reply: Yes.

Introduction and Para. 337.1, Scope and Applicability of Code
Date Issued: MayS, 1987
File: 631-87-011
c·
Question (1): Are current ANSI/ASM E 631 .3 requirements applicable to new construction and to
revisions and replacements of piping in existing facilities?
..,.
~
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): When applied to revisions of piping in an existing facility, what is the intent of
ANSI/ASME 631.3, para. 337.1 "Prior to initial operation ..•"?
Reply (2): It applies to the portion of a piping system on which work was performed.
Question (3): Is it intended that the current Edition of the ANSI/ASME 631.3 Code apply retroac-
tively to piping in existing facilities?
Reply (3): No. See the Introduction.
Question (4): If it has been determined that the ANSI/ASME 631.3 Code Section is applicable,
whose responsibility is it for compliance and for establishing the requirements for design, construction,
examination, and testing of piping systems?
Reply (4): The owner's.
Question (S): What is required by OSHA standards in the examination and testing of piping?
Reply (5): ANSI/ASME 631.3 does not address the application of regulatory requirements.
56
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31, Hydrotest Preparation
File: B31-86-033
Question: Mayall joints, including welds, used in piping systems covered by ANSI/ ASME 831.1,
ANSI/ASME 831.3, ASME/ANSI B31.4, ANSI/ASME 831.8, ANSI/ASME B31.9, and ANSI/ASME
B31.11 be primed and painted prior to hydrotest?
Reply: Yes.
57
ASME/ANSI831.3
Interpretations No. 6
Replies to Technical Inquiries
July 1, 1987, Through April 30, 1988
Gener~1 Inform~tion
part of the subscription service. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological order.
An interpretation applies to the Edition or Addenda stated in the interpretation or, if none is stated, to
the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation. Subsequent revisions to
the Code may have superseded the reply. The interpret~tions ~re not ~rt of the Code or its
Addend~.
mation is available· which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further:, persons ag-
grieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to
Appendix Z.
Code Reference ~nd Subject Indexes

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpreta-
tions by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume 1
up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume.
59
831.3
Paras. 300(c)(51 and 302.3.5, and Appendix 0; longitudinal Stresses and longitudinal
8ending Stresses, Sustained loads 6-03 831-87-022
Paras. 300.2 and 305.2, and Appendices A and M; Classification of
Fluid Services, and Use of API 5l 6-01 831·87-012
Paras. 302.3.5 and 321.1.1; longitudinal Stresses, Support Configurations 6-07 831-87-032
Paras. 304.3 and 304.7.2, Extruded 8ranch Connections 6-09 831-87-0268
Para. 311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Socket Welds, Cap Dimension... . .. 6-02 831·87-013
Para. 311.2.4 and Figs: 327.4.28 and C; Use of Socket Welds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-05 831-87-024
Paras. 323.1.2 and 323.2.4; Use of API 5l 6-06 831·87-031
Paras. 345.1, 345.5, 345.9 and M345.1; Category M, Alternative leak Test. . . . . . . . . . 6-08 831-87-034
Tables 341.3.2A and 8; Acceptance Criteria. . . .... . ..... . . .. .. . . .. . . . ... . .. .. .. 6-04 831-87-023
61
831.3 Interpretations No. 6 6-01, 6-02
. ....,... ,
"
(
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300.2 and 305.2, and Appendices A and
M; Classification of Fluid Services, and Use of API 5L
File: 831-87-012
,
Question (l): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 831.3, para. 300.2, are there only two categories,
namely, Categories D and M fluid services?
Reply (l): No. See the definitions for Categories 0 and M fluid services; and see para. 300.1 .1 (b),
which states that only Categories D and M fluid services are segregated for special consideration. See
also Appendix M.
Question (2): Should general hydrocarbon service be considered Category M?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In ANSI/ASME 831.3, what limitations are thereon the use of API5L Grade 8 ERW,
EFW, and SAW pipe materials?
Reply (3): See para. 305.2.3 and applicable Notes referenced in Appendix A for these materials.
c.. .:
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Subject: ANSI/ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, with theANSI/ASME 831.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Socket Welds, Gap Dimension
File: 831·87-013
Question (l): In ANSI/ASME 831.3, para. 311.2.4(b){2) states, "Weld dimensions shall not be less
than those shown in Figs. 327.4.28 and c."
In Figs. 327.4.28 and C, there is a dimension that reads
"V16 in. approx. before welding." Do the above words mean that the gap should be no larger than
1/16 in.?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): If the response to Question (1) is no, how large a gap would be acceptable?
Reply (2): The "1/'6 in." is not a "welding dimension." It is intended as an "approximate"
dimension for nominal clearance.
63
6-03 B31.3 Interpretations No. ()
Interpret~tion: 6-03
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300(c)(5) and 302.3.5, and Appendix D;
Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal Bending Stresses, Sustained Loads
File: B31-87-022
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), when calculating the
longitudinal stresses due to pressure, weight, and other sustained loads, should the thickness of pipe
used in calculating Si. be the nominal thickness minus mechanical, corrosion, and erosion allowances
but not minus the manufacturer's mill tolerance?
Reply (l): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c) and Appendix D, when
calculating the longitudinal bending stresses due to sustained loads, does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require
that the stress intensification factors from Appendix D be applied?
Reply (2): No. However, see ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 300(c)(S).
.

B31.3c-1986, Tables 341.3.2A and B; Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-87-023
,
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, can an imperfection be
evaluated by an examination method not marked with an "X," other than as a supplementary examina-
tion?
Reply (1): Yes. Table 341.3.2B does not state ANSI/ASME B31.3 requirements.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, concave root surface
imperfections can be evaluated by visual, ultrasonic, or radiographic examination. Table 341.3.2A
indicates concave root surface imperfections to be evaluated by visual examination only. What accept-
ance criteria are used for radiographic examination?
Reply (2): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address such criteria for radiographic examination.
Question (3): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, weld undercutting imper.
fections can be evaluated by visual examination. Table 341.3.2A indicates undercutting imperfections
to be evaluated by visual or radiographic examination. In this case, are the radiographic examination
acceptance criteria stated for use as a supplementary examination?
Reply (3): No.
Note: Consideration will be given to clarify Tables 341.3.2A and 341.3.2B.
65
6-0S, 6-G6 B31.3 Interpretations No. 6
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition With ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda, Para.

311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Use of Socket Welds
File: B31-87-024
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 311.2.4, is a weld strength calcula-
tion, including bending moments, required for each socket weld?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance witli ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 303, are the ratings of socket welding
components reduced in consideration of welded joint strength?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Is the use of socket welding connections prohibited for joints under pressure-
temperature conditions in excess of the ratings for ANSI B16.5 Class 900?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31 .3-1984 Edition With Addenda Through ANSI/ASME
B31.3c-1986, Paras. 323.1.2 and 323.2.4; Use of API 5L
File: B31-87-031
Question (1): Are there restrictions in ANSI/ASME B31.3 that would prohibit the use of seamless
API SL, Grade X-80?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Since API SL, Grade X-80 is not listed in ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table A-l, is it
acceptable to treat it as an unlisted material per para. 323.1.2 and use the rules of para. 323.2.4 for
developing design limitations?
Reply (2): Yes. Note: The inquirer may wish to consider alternative rules for design of high pressure
piping in Chapter IX of ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through ANSI/ASME B31.3c-
1986.
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66
831.3 Interpretations No.6 6-07, 6-08, 6-09

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 302.3.5 and 321.1.1; Longitudinal Stresses, Support
Configurations
File: B31-87-032
Question: Shall all support configurations be considered in the evaluation of longitudinal stress in
accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5k)?
Reply: Yes. See also ANSI/ ASM E B31.3, para. 321.1.1(7).

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 345.1, 345.5, 345.9, and M345.1; Category M, Alternative
Leak Test
File: B31-87-034
Question (1): ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. M345.1 refers to para. 345.1 for testing. If a hydrostatic
test is not practical, does ANSI/ASME B31.3 intend for toxic gas service piping to be alternative leak
tested in accordance with para. 345.9l
Reply (1): No. ANSI/ASME B31.3 provides the option of a pneumatic leak test in accordance with
para. 345.5. See para. 345.1 (b).
Question (2): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit piping to be put into toxic gas service following the
alternative leak test in accordance with para. 345.9l
Reply (2): Yes.

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 304.3 and 304.7.2; Extruded Branch Connections
File: B31-87-o26B
Question: Are the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 304.7.2 applicable to extruded
branch connections to which the design formulas given in para. 304.3 cannot be applied?
Reply: Yes.
67
ASME/ANSI 831.3
May 1, 1988, Through April 30, 1989
Gener~1 Inform~tion
the Code may have superseded the reply. The interpret~tions ~re not part of the Code or its
Addend~.
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical na,ture. In these cases, a revised reply,
bearing the original intrepretation number with the 'suffix R, is presented.
grieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME ,committee or subcommittee. As stated
"endorse" any item,construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Appendix Z.

,,,":"/,
1.<£::.:
69
831.3
Paras. 300, 300.1, and Fig. 300.1.1; Applicability , . 7·10 831·88·022

Paras. 300(c)(3) and (5), and 302.3.5; Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal
8ending Stresses-Sustained Loads . 6-03R 831-87-022"
Paras.'3OO(c)(3l, 302.3.5, 319.2.3, and 319.7; Piping Supports . 7-05 831-88-001
Paras. 301.2, 302.2.4, and 322.6.3; Pressure Relief Device Set Pressure . 7-01 831-87-021
Paras. 302.2.4, 302.3.5, and 319.2.3; Allowable Stress-Calculating Displacement
Stress Range . 7-04 831-87-041
Paras. 304.3.3 and 328; Spacing of Welds. . '.' 7-02 831-87-039
Para. 305.2.3, and Tables A·1 and A·1 B; Spiral Welded Pipe . 7-03 831-87-040
Para. 328.5.4(f) and Fig. 328.5.40; 8ranch Reinforcement . 7-08 B31-88-OO9
Para. A327.2.4; Qualification Test for CPVC Piping . 7-09 831-88-021
Paras. K315 and K322.3; Tubing Joints-Instrument Piping . 7-07 831-88-008
Table 327.4.1A; Weld Acceptance Criteria-Concavity and Convexity . 7·06 B31-88-002
71
831.3 Interpretations No. 7 6-03R,7-01
Interpret~tion: 6-03R
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300(c)(3) and (5), and 302.3.5;
Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal Bending Stresses-Sustained Loads
Item: B31-87-022·
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), when calculating the
longitudinal stresses due to pressure, weight and other sustained loads, should the thickness of pipe
used in calculating SL be the nominal thickness minus mechanical, corrosion, and erosion allowances
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(C) when calculating the
longitudinal bending stresses due to sustained loads, what stress intensification factors should be
applied?
Reply (2): ANSI/ ASME B31.3 does not address the application of stress intensification factors for
longitudinal stress due to sustained loads; but see ANSI/ASME B31.3, paras. 300(c)(3) and (5).
r··.-
\·~~t;. Subject: ANSI/ASME 831.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through 831.3c-1986, Paras.
301.2, 302.2.4, and 322.6.3; Pressure Relief ~vice Set Pressure
File: B31-87-021
Question: In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 831.3, paras. 301.2 and 322.6.3, may the set pressure
of a single pressure relieving device for a piping system be chosen higher than the design pressure of
the piping system provided para. 302.2.4 is satisfied for the maximum relieving pressure?
Reply: No.
73
Subject: ASME/ ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 304.3.3 and 328; Spacing of Welds
File: B31-87-039
I
Question: In accordance with ASME/ ANSI B31.3, are there requirements or guidelines on the
minimum distance between welds in a pipe?
Reply: No, except as provided in para. 304.3.3(e).
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 305.2.3, and Tables A-1 and A-1 B; Spiral
Welded Pipe
File: B31-87-040
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table A-1, does ASTM A 671 and A 672
as listed, apply for both straight welded pipes and spiral welded pipes?
Reply (1): No. ASTM A 671 and A 672 do not include spiral welded pipe. ASTM specifications
covering spiral welded pipe include "spiral welding" in their scope. These include ASTM A 134, A 139
and A 211. API-5L also includes spiral welding. See ASME/ ANSI B31.3, Table A-1 B.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME/ ANSI B31.3, para. 305.2.3, can carbon steel spiral
welded pipe be used for severe cyclic service?
Reply (2): No.
74
Subject: ASME/ ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 302.2.4, 302.3.5, and 319.2.3; Allowable
Stress-Calculating Displacement Stress Range
File: 831-87-041
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ ANSI 831.3, para. 302.3.5, should the basic allowable
stress at maximum metal temperature Sh used for calculating the allowable displacement stress range,
be for the normal upPer temperature under operatif1g conditions, and exclude all short-time excursions
above such normal operating temperature?
Reply (1): No. In accordance with para. 319.2.3, the allowable displacement stress range is based
on the maximum and minimum temperatures for the displacement cycle under analysis. .
Question (2): Are the provisions of ASME/ ANSI 831.3, para. 302.2.4 applicable for establishing
the allowable displacemeot stress range for flexibility analysis?
Reply (2): No.
i"'""'.:.
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7S
1-05, 1-06 831.3 Interpretations No. 1
Interpretation: 7-oS
6
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Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through B31.3c-1986, Paras.
300(c)(J), 302.3.5, 319.2.3 and 319.7; Piping Supports
File: B31-88-001
Question (1): When a pipe moves away from a support, should the longitudinal stresses for the
pipe in the installed po~ition, or the longitudinal stresses for the pipe in the operating position, or both,
be compared to ANSI/ASME B31.3 allowable in accordance with para. 302.3.5(c>?
Reply (1): Both. See also para. 300(c)(3).
Question (2): Does ANSI/ ASME B31.3 require the evaluation of the secondary effects of pressure,
such as pressure expansion and elongation or the Bourdon effect with bends?
Reply (2): No. See also para. 300(c)(3).
Question (3): Does ANSI/ ASM E B31 .3 address the stresses caused by axial forces in the displace-
ment stress calculations?
Reply (3): No. See also paras. 300(c)(3) and 319.7.
Question (4): What is the ANSI/ASME B31.3 definition of "displacement stress range"?
Reply (4): The displacement stress range is defined in para. 319.2.3 as tIthe algebraic difference
between the extreme displacement condition and the original (as installed) condition (or any anticipated
condition with a greater differential effect)."
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with the B31.3a-1984 Addenda, Table 327.4.1A;
Weld Acceptance Criteria-Concavity and Convexity .
File: B31-88-002
Question: Is it the intent of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to interpret concavity and convexity by radiogra-
phy on welds required by B31 .3 or the engineering design to be radiographed when this interpretation
can not be made by visual examination?
Reply: For concavity, yes. ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address convexity except as "internal
protrusion" or "external reinforcement," neither of which is evaluated by radiography.
lor
~
16
831.3 Interpretations No. 7 7-07, 7-88, 7-09
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. K315 and K322.3; Tubing

Joints-Instrument Piping
File: B31-88-008
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. K31 5 apply to process control (instrument piping) tube
fittings and tube jo!nts?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 328.5.4(f) and Fig. 328.5.40; Branch
Reinforcement
File: B31-88-009
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 328.5.4(f), is the attachment weld be-
tween the reinforcement member and the run pipe required for a full encirclement type reinforcement
installation?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not specifically address full encirclement branch reinforcement.
The Committee will be studying this item for possible future revisions.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Para. A327.2.4; Qualification Test for CPVC
Piping
Item: B31-88-o21
Question: For CPVC plastic piping, is there a discrepancy between the hydrostatic test require-
ments in para. A327.2.4 for qualifying a bonding procedure specification (BPS) and the hydrostatic
burst strength requirement for solvent cemented joints in ASTM F 493?
Reply: No. ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. A327.2.4 requires that a test assembly containing joints
withstand a hydrostatic test pressure of fo,:,r times the design pressure. ASTM F 493 qualifies the cement
used in the joint.
',' ,. ~
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77
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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300, 300.1, and Fig. 300.1.1;
Applicability
Item: B31-88-022
Question: Which section of the ASME/ ANSI B31 Code for Pressure Piping covers piping for a
transmission line between an oil terminal and a tank farm part of the piping being accessible to the
public?
Reply: ASME/ ANSI B31.3 and 831.4; see Fig. 300.1.1 of B31.3.
L:.
<
78
ASME 831.3
I
INTERPRETATIONS NO.8

May 1, 1989, Through May 31, 1990
General Information
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 831 <:ommittee concerning 831.3
as part of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Addenda stated in the interpretation,
or if none is stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect. on the date of issuance of the interpretation.
Subsequent revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply. These interpretations are not
part of the Code or its Addenda.
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented. . .
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration. of these interpretations when or if additional
information is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons
aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As
stated in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify,"
"rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
For detailed instructions on preparaion of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to
AppendixZ.
Code Reference and Subject Indexes

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating
interpretations by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover· interpretations issued from
Volume 1 up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume. .
i" ",
\.~:!. . . .
79
831.3
Subject lr.lteJflldatlon FileNo.
Fig. 328.4.4; 8ranch Pipe Projection Into Run Pipe •.••.••••••••••.•••••.•••.•••••••..•. , 8-28 831·90-008
Fig. 328.5.28; Double-Welded Slip-On Flange - Dimension ••• '.' ••••••••••••.•••••.•••• 8-27 831·90-007
Paras. 300 and 300.1 and Fig. 300.1.1, Applicability - Offshore PIatfonn ••••••••••••••••• 8-17 B31-89-017
Paras. 300(b) and 300.2 and Appendix M; Oassiflcadon of fluid 5erYlce, t.arge
Temperature Changes ••.•........•.•..••••••••••...•••••.••••••••••••••••••••••.. 8-09 B31-89-018
Paras. 3OO(c)(2) and 323.3.4; Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria
Below' - 32O"F •.•.••.•.•.••.••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.•.• · 8-30 B31·9O.()10
Paras. 300.1.1 and 300.2; Rules for In·Une Sensing Devices••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• ; 8-01 B31-88-0288
Paras. 302.2.4 and 345.4; Maximum Allowable Valve Body cavity Pressure. ••••••••••••••• 8-04 831-89-007
Para. 302.3.2 and Table A-1; Stress Value for A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2••••••••••••• , 8-25 831-89-051
Para. 302.3.5; Stresses due to Cold Spring .•••.••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-16 831-89-036
Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H; Branch Reinforcement •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• · 8-06 831-89-009
Para. 304.3.3 and figs. 304.3.3 and 1028.5.4; Area Replacement - DefInitions ••••••••••• · 8-37 831·90.()17
Para. 304.5.1 and Table A-1; MaterialslFittings - Use of Two Crades •••••••••••••••••••• 8-18 831-89-033
Paras. 318 and 328.5.4; fillet Welds . 8-13 831-89-028
Paras. 323.1.1 and 323.1.2; Material Reidentiflcatlon ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-19 831-89-043
Para. 323.1.2 and Table 326.1; Material for Valve Body and Internals . 8-07 831-89-010
Para. 330; Preheat Requirements - Welding Procedure Specification ••••••••••••••••••••• 8-21 831-89-045
Para. 330.1; Preheat Temperature - Procedure Qualification . 8-23 831-89-047
Para. 331.1.1; Postweld Heat Treatment . 8-08 831-89-013
Paras. 331.1.2, 331.3.", and 331.3.7; Temperature Monitoring of Stress
Relieving of Pipe Welds in Series •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-05 831-89-008
Para. 331.1.7: Hardness Tests - Procedure QualIftcat10n Records. .. 8-22 831-89-046
Para. 332.1; Use of Eibowiess Steel Pipe in 831.3 . 8-03 831-89-006
Para. 332.2.1: Bends - Requirements for . 8-20 831-89-044
Para. 341.3.2 and Table 341.3.2A; Acceptance Criteria - Uquid Penetrant and
Magnetic Particle . 8-32 831·90.()12
Paras. 341.4.1 and 344.2: Visual examination - Small Bare Piping. •••••••••••••••••••••• 8-26 831·90-001
Paras. 341.4.1, 341.4.3, and 344.2.1: Visual examination - Intemallnspection . 8-10 831-89-019
Para. 341.4.l(c): CertifIcations and Records ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-02 831-88-030
Paras. 341.4.2 and 341.5 and Table 341.3.2A; Category 0 Fluid SeMc:e •••••••••••••••••• 8-38 831-89-049
Paras. 345 and 345.2.2: Leak Test as Nondestructive &amlnatlon •••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-31 831·90-011
Paras. 345.1 and 345.9: Leak Testing••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-15 831-89-035
Paras: A3?4~ ~28.2.1, A328.2.5 and A328.5: Bonding QualJflcat10n Test,
JOint Umitations ' . 8-14 831-89-034
Para. A314 and Table 314.2.1: PIastlc Uned Pipe - Use of 5aeINed FIanps •••••••••••••• 8-33 831·90-013
Paras. M307.2 and MA323.4.2: Category M Fluid SeMc:e - Double Contained
Piping; Use of Valves •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-35 831·90-015
Postweld Heat Treatment - Seal Welding . 8-12 831-89-023
Table 323.3.1 and Para. 328.2.1: Impact Requirements in Qualifying
a Welding Procedure . 8-29 831·90-009
Tables 326.1 and A·1: Dual Certified Materials and Components••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 8-34 831·90-014
Table 331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.•• 8-24 831-89-050
Table A-1: Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength and Allowable Stresses for ASTM
B 464, Grade 20 Cb•••.•..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• : 8-11 831-89-020
Table A-1: Use of Plate Material for Pipe . " 8-36 831·90-016
81
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300.1.1 and 300.2; Rules for In-Une Sensing
Devices
File: 831-88-0288
Question: Shall the· pressure containing piping components of an' in-line sensing device be
designed, fabricated, examined, and tested In accordance with the rules of ASMf/ANSI 831.31
Reply: Yes; see the definitions for "plping" and "piping components" in ASMf/ANSI 831.3,
para. 300.2. See also para. 300.1.1.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.4.1 (c); CertifiCations and Records
File: 831-88-030
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI 831.3, para. 341.4.1 (c), can manufacturers' markings
I,· .
L:· on pipe, fittinp, and components be reprded as confirmation of material compliance with the
specifications1
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 332.1;
Use of EJbowIess Steel Pipe in 831.3,
File: B31-89-006
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI B31.3 is the use of pipe bending permltted1
Reply: Yes; see ASMf/ANSI 831.3, para. 332.1.
83
8-04,8-05,8-06 831.3 Interpretations No.8
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Paras.

302.2.4 and 345.4; Maximum Allowable Valve Body cavity Pressure
File: 831-89-007
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI 831.3, what is the maximum pressure buildup relative
to the pressure rating of the valve permitted in' the ~ body cavity?
Reply: 133% of the pressure rating of the valve provided that all of the requirements of ASMEJ
ANSI 831.3, para. 302.2.4 are met. Also see para. 345.4 for pressure test requirements.
Interpretation: 8-0S
Subject: ASMfJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 304.3.3
and Appendix Hi 8ranch Reinforcement
File: 831-89-009
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI 831.3, para. 304.3.3, is the weld joint factor ~ for
calculating the required thickness of the branch t. always equal to 1.0 whether the branch is lon-
gitudinally welded or notl
Reply: No. The weld joint quality factor EJ for the branch in accordanci;e with para. 302.3.4 shall
be used.
Note: Example H-2 of Appendix H will be reviewed by the. Committee for possible revision.
84
B31.3 Interpretations No. 8 8-07,8-08
,:',
'.'
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 323.1.2
and Table 326.1; Material for Valve Body and Internals
File: B31-89·01 0
Question (1): Is ASTM A487-1C (formerly A487-1Q) an,acceptable n,aterial for valve bodies
within the scope of ASMEIANSI B31.31
Reply (1): Yes, if qualified as an unlisted material in accordance withASMElANSI B31.3, para.
323.1.2.
Question (2): Are valve internal materials covered by ASMEIANSI B31.31
Reply (2): ASMEIANSI B31.3 does not cover valve internal components except by reference to
valve standards listed In Table 326.1.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 331.1.1; Postweld Heat Treatment
File: B31-89-013
Question: In accordanc,:! with ASMEIANSI B31.3, para. 331.1.1, is postweld heat treatment
required in the welding procedure specification for P-No. 1 materials when postweld heat treatment
is needed solely for the type of service1 .
Reply: Yes, and the requirements for postweld heat treatment should be specified in the engi-
neering design.
85
;~
.'
~
~, 8-10 831.3 Interpretations No. 8
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. 3OO(b)
and 300.2, and Appendix M; Classification of Fluid Service, Large Temperature
Changes
File: B31-89-018
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ASM~ANSI B31.3 that piping for liquid oxygen (LOX) at
- 2970F and 6000 psig be classified as Category M fluid service as defined in para. 300.21
Reply (1): No; it is the owners responsibility to determine which fluid services are to be
identified as Category M. See para. 3OO(b)(1). Appendix M may be used as a guide in making such
determinations.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 require that piping which undergoes a large, rapid tem-
perature change be considered to experience severe cycle conditions as ~ned in para. 300.21
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras.

341.4.1,341.4.3, and 344.2.1; Visual Examination - Intemallnspection
File: B31-89-o19 '
Question: Is it the intent of ASME/ANSI B31.3, paras. 344.2.1, 341.4.1, and 341.4.3 that random
or 100% visual examination of weld internal surfaces requires indirect observation by aids such as
borescopes1
Reply: No. The intent of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 344.2.1 is that the phrase"•••or can be exposed
to view..." refers to direct visual examination. .
86
B31.3 Interpretations No.8 8-11, 8-12, 8-13
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Table A-1; Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength and
Allowable Stresses for ASTM 8 464, Grade 20 Cb
File: 631-89-020
. ,
Question (1): Are the correct specified minimum tensile strength (SMTS) and basic allowable
stresses listed in ASME/ANSI 831.3, Table A-1 for ASTM 8464 Grade 20 Cb (UNS N08020H
Reply (1): No. The SMTS should be 80 ksi. The basic allowable stresses are being revised for
inclusion in a future addenda to ASMEIANSI 831.3.
Question (2): For ASTM B464 Grade 20 Cb may the allowable stresses in ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Table UNF-23.3 be used ,for design of ASMEIANSI
831.3 piping.
Reply (2): Yes, but the allowable stresses must be adjusted by the appropriate weld joint factor.
Interpretation: 8-12.
f ~'"' .
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988; Postweld
Heat Treatment - seal Welding
Date Issued: November 16,1989
File: 831-89-023,
Question: What are the requirements of ASME/ANSI 831.3 regarding preheating and postweld
heat treatment of rings or similar welded parts in the manufacture of valvesl
Reply: ASME/ANSI 831.3 does not address this subject.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Paras. 318
and 328.5.4; Fillet Welds
Date Issued:' November 16, 1989
File: 831-89-028
Question: Does ASMEIANSI 831.3 pennit the use of fillet welds as the primary pressure con-
taining welds for special (proprietary) jointsl
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of ASME/ANSI 831.3, paras. 328.5.4 and 318 are met.
I .
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87
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8·14 831.3 Interpretations No. 8
(~:
"
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. A304,
A328.2.1, A328.2.5, and A328.5; Bonding Qualification Test, Joint Umitations
File: 831-89-034
Question (1): ApplYing the rules of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.2.5(a), the required bonding
qualification test assembly should consist of at. least one pipe-to-pipe joint and one pipe-to-fitting
joint. Is a pipe-ta-pipe joint required for solvent cemented joints in thennoplastic piping1
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.2.5(a), is a pipe-ta-fitting joint required for hot
gas welded joints in thennoplastic piping1
Reply (2); Yes.
Question (3): Applying the rules of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A304, the required test pressure
for the bonding qualification test assembly specified in para. 328.2.5(b) may exceed the minimum
burst pressure of the plastic components. Is this the intent of ASME/ANSI. B31.31
Reply (3): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address the issue of minimum burst strength.
Que,stion (4): Is it in violation of ASME/ANSI B31.3 to conduct hot gas bonded welds with joints
that have a root face and root gap other than Va in.1
Reply (4): No, ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.5.2(a) states recommendations for joint dimen-
sions. See the requirements of para. A328.2.1 (b).
Question (5): In ASME/ANSI B31.3, paras. A328.S.3 and A328.S.4, does the word "fillet" apply
to heat fusion joints1
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.S.3(b) states that asserriblyof the surfaces to be
joined shall produce a small fillet of cement at the outer limits of the joint. If, after the joint cures
and the cement dries, there are areas at the outer limits that do not exhibit a small fillet, is the joint
rejectable?
Reply (6): Yes.
88
__ ~ _ ~ _ ~ ~ ~ ~ __ ~ c-~~ __ ~ ~ ~ _
831.3 Interpretations No. 8 8-15,8-16
,.-
Subject: ASMEIANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda 831.3b-1988, Paras. 345.1 and
345.9; Leak Testing
File: 831·89-035
Question (1): Where leak testing a system follows guidelines under, ASMEIANSI 831.3, para.
345.1 (c), does ASMEIANSI 831.3 require that all items under para. 345.9 be performed (345.9.1,
345.9.2, and 345.9.3H
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Where tying a newly constructed ASMEIANSI 831.3 normal fluid service piping
system into an existing piping system, and the tie-in weld cannot be i$Olated for hydrostatic or
pneumatic testing, and the conditions of para. 345.1 (c) do not apply, what does ASMEIANSI 831.3
require for leak testingl
Reply (2): ASMEIANSI B31.3 does not address leak testing under these circumstances.
. ~." Subject:, ASMEIANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para.
302.3.5; Stresses due to Cold Spring
File: 831-89-036
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), is it required to indude the
stresses due to cold spring in the sustained longitudinal stress 5,1
Reply: No•
.. '
..
\;
89
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. 300
c
and 300.1 and Fig. 300.1.1, Applicability - Offshore Platform
File: B31-89-o1 7
Question: At what 'point does the coverage of ASME/ANSI B31.3 end In piping connected to a
launcher/receiver for .a pipeline pig and a pipeli!"elriser on In offshore platform?
Reply: Except as stated in para. 300.1.1 (c) and shown in Fig. 300.1.1, ASME/ANSI B31.3 does
not specify limits of coverage; it Is the owner's responsibility to specify the appropriate B31 Code
break points. See para. 3OO(b)(1). .
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 304.5.1
and Table A-1; Materials/Fittings - Use of Two Grades
File: B31-89-033
Question (1): When using stainless steel materials that meet ASTM requirements for two grades
(e.g. 304/304L or 316/316l) In B31.3 piping, may the desilP' be based on the allowable stresses
tabulated in ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table A-1 for the straight grade through 100crF and for the Lgrade
above 10000F?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): May stainless steel tlan. . and flanged fittings, that meet ASTM requirements for
two grades (e.g. 304/304L or 316/316l) be qualified by ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 304.5.1 for desilP'
temperatures above ao<rF and 85", respectively?
Reply (2): Yes; L grade stresses must be used above l00crF.
90
831.3 Interpretations No.8 8-19,8-20,8-21
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 323.1.1 and 323.1.2; Material Reidentifica-
tion
File: B31-89:'043
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 require that materials conforming to para. 323.1.1 or
323.1.2 be reidentified after cutting for fabrication?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 have qualification requirements for an individual who
reidentifies material?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 332.2.1; Bends - 'Requirements for
File: B31-89-o44
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI B31.3, para. 332.2.1, is it pennissible to reduce the
outside diameter of the bend by grinding if the wall thickness required by the design is maintainedl
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address this subject.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 330;
Preheat Requirements - Welding Procedure speeifie:atlon
File: B31-89-Q45
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI B31.3, para. 330, for temperature verifk:atIon, ~t
of preheat zone, and limitations on interruption of welding, is it required that the welding procedure
specification detail these requirements? '
Reply: No.
91
8-22, 8-23, 8-24 831.3 Interpretations No.8
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, p.,ara.

c.
331.1.7; Hardness Tests - Procedure Qualification Records
File: 831-89-046
Question: In accoroance with ASME/ANSI 831.3, para. 331.1.7, is it ~uired that hardness tests
be verified on procedur~ qualification records?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASMFJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 330.1;
Preheat Temperature - Procedure Qualification
File: 831-89-Q47
Question: In meeting the requirements of ASMFJANSI 831.3, para. 330.1.1 for preheat tem-
peratures, is it necessary to comply with the values in Table 330.1.1, or can the requirements of the
8PV Coc:Ie, Section IX be used?
Reply: ASMFJANSI 831.3, Table 330.1.1 applies, except for those values which are listed as
recommendations.
Subject: ASMFJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3c-1989, Table

331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 831-89-050
Question: In meeting the requirements of ASMFJANSI 831.3, Table 331.1.1 for heat treatment
of materials in P-Nos. SP-1 through SP-5, what heat treatment is necessary if the engineering design
does not specify the requirements?
Reply: ASME/ANSI 831.3 does not designate a specific heat treatrrient procedure for these
materials. For conformance with ASME!ANSI 831.3, the engineering design must establish proce-
dures in accordance with Note (1) of Table 331.1.1.
Iff..~
~
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92
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Para. 302.3.2
and Table A-1j Stress Value for A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2
File: B31-89-051
Question: Basic allowable stresses for listed materials ASTM A 387, Grade 9, Class 1 and Class
2 are not listed in ASMEIANSI B31.3. May the ·rules of para. 302.3.2(d) be used for calculating the
allowable stresses at 1000F for ASTM A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2 materials?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras.

341.4.1 and 344.2; Visual Examination - Small Bore Piping
File: B31-90-001
Question: Should small bore piping systems be excluded from ASMf/ANSI B31.3 because it is
impractical to conduct "direct" visual examination of internal imperfections?
Reply: No. The engineering design may specify any measures necessary to supplement visual
examination within the requirements of ASMf/ANSI B31.3, para. 344.2.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Fig. 328.5.2B;
Double-Welded Slip-On Flange - Dimension
File: B31-90-007
Question (1): Is ,it the intent of ASMf/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.5.2B sketch (1), to have the inside
fillet weld some distance below the face of the slip-on flange?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): What is the acceptable range of that dimension?
Reply (2): ASMf/ANSI B31.3 does not specify a range for that dimension.
f::~;'} I ·'a'
'~::
93
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Fig. 328.4.4;
Branch Pipe Projection Into Run Pipe
File: B31-90-008
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.4.4 sketch: (c), is there a maximum
distance that the branch pipe can project into the run pipel
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3e-1989, Table 323.3.1
and Para. 328.2.1; Impact Requirements in Qualifying a Welding Procedure
File: B31-90-009
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 328.2.1 (d), when impact testing is re-
quired by ASME/ANSI B31.3 or the enBineering desisn In qualifying a welding procedure, does this
requirement apply to both fabricators and manufacturersl
<:
Reply: Yes.
94
B31.3 Interpretations No.8 8·30,8·31
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Paras.

300(c)(2) and 323.3.4; Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria Below
-320°F
File: B31-90-010
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 ~rmit the use Of other toughness testing methods in
place of Charpy impact testing for systems with a minimum design temperature below - 320°F?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 prohibit the use of other testing methods and/or analysis
to supplement Charpy testing to evaluate materials for use below - 320°F
Reply (2): No. see para. 300(c)2.

Question (3): Can the Charpy testing requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3 be satisfied by testing
at -320°F, even though the minimum design temperature is -423°F?
Reply (3): No; see para. 323.3.4.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Paras. 345
and 345.2~; Leak Test as Nondestructive Examination
File: B31-90-011
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 345, are all forms of leak testing
described considered to be nondestructive examination?
Reply (1): No. ASME/ANSI B31.3.does not dassify leak testing as examination.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 have requirements for the personnel that perform leak
testing?
Reply (2): No; however, the examination for leaks required in ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 345.2.2
should be by personnel qualified for visual examination.
-, ..
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95
Interpretation: 8·32 r,'.:,,',

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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3·1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Para. 341.3.2
and Table 341.3.2A; Acceptance Criteria - Uquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle
File: B31·90-012
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.3.2, for' the detennination of an
imperfection using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination techniques, is it the size of the
indication or the size of the discontinuity that is used in the detennination of acceptance or rejection?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 specifies liquid penetrant and magnetic particle examination for the
detection of cracks only, and all cracks are rejectable.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3·1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c·1989, Para. A314
and Table 314.2.1; Plastic tined Pipe - Use of Saewed Flanges
File: B31·90-013
Que~on: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 prohibit the use of threaded flanges on plastic lined metallic
pipe?
Reply: No; threaded joints within the size ranges and limitations in accordance with ASME/ANSI
B31.3, Table 314.2.1 may be'used. Safeguarding may be required; see Note (4) of Table 314.2.1.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3c·1989, Tables 326.1
and A·1; Dual Certified Materials and Components
File: B31·90-014
Question (1): For temperatures not exceeding 10000F, may ASME/ANSI B31.3 piping systems
be constructed of dual certified stainless steels (e.g. 304/304U using Table A·1 stresses for the
straight grades?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): May the pressure-temperature rating for the straight grade of the corresponding
materials for components listed in ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 326.1 be used?
£
Reply (2): The requirements of the referenced standards apply. ~
96
',','
,J

M307.2 and MA323.4.2; Category M Fluid Service - Double Contained Piping;
Use of Valves
Date Issued: May 7, .1990
File: B31-90-015
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 reqIJlre the use Of double contained piping systems for
Category M Fluid Service1
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASMf/ANSI B31.3, para. MA323.4.2 permit the use of a double contained
thermoplastic piping system for category M Fluid 5ervIce1 '
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. M307.2 require the use of fire safe (fire tested)
valves for Category M Fluid Service1
Reply (3): No. .

.,1.'·
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I.
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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Table A-1;
Use of PI~ Material for Pipe
File: B31-90-016
Question: Is pipe fabricated In accordance with ASMf/ANSI B31.3, from a listed plate material
(e.g., A 516 Gr. 60) without refelence to a pipe specification (such as ASTM A 671), acceptable per
ASME/ANSI B31.31
Reply: Yes.
97
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Throush B31.3c-1989, Para. 304.3.3
and Figs. 304.3.3 and K328.5.4; Area Replacement - DefInitions
File: B31-90-017
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 304.3.3, what,is the correct value of Tit
to be used in calculation L. for the branch connection shape shown in the lower half of Fig. K328.5.4?
Is Tit based upon the reinforcing barrel of the fitting or the wall thickness of the matching branch
pipe?
Reply: The value of Tit to be used in calculation L. for the referenced fitting is the nominal
thickness of the reinforcing barrel less manufacturing mill tolerances, provided that the inaeased
barrel thickness is uniform and extends at least to the L. limit IS shown in, Fig. 304.3.3. Otherwise,
Tit is the nominal thickness of the matching branch pipe, less manufacturing mill tolerance.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 341.4.2 and 341.5 and Table 341.3.2A; eat-
egory 0 Fluid service
File: B31-89-049
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 341.3.2A, what acceptance criteria
should be used for Category 0 Fluid service pipe welds which have been radiographed?
Reply (1): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address radiography for Category 0 Fluid service welds.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, may the owner specify radiography as a
supplementary examination to be performed on Category 0 Fluid 5ervice piping?
Reply (2): Yes; in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.5.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.4.2 and Table 341.3.2A,' if ra-
diography is performed on Category 0 Fluid 5ervk:e pipe welds, and wu not specified by the
engineering design, should the radiography be disregarded?
Reply (3): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address this subject.
{.
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98
------_._- -------
ASME B31.3
INTERPRETATIONS NO.9,
, Replies to Technical Inquiries

t, June 1, 1990, Through March 31, 1991
General Information
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3
as part of the update service .to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in
or if none is stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters, except fora few typographical and
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional
For detailed instructions on preparaion of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to
Appendix z.

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating .
interpretations by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from
99
831.3
Subject hrterpretation FileNo.
Fig. 328.4.4; Branch Pipe Projection into Run Pipe ••••..••.•••• , •••••••• '" •••••••••••• 8-28R B31·90-008-
Paras. 300.1 and 300.2; Applicability to the Transportation of an Emptied System •••••••••• ~ B31·9().()30
,
... Para. 300.1.1, 300.2, MA306.5, and MA323.4; Applicability to a Textile Plant, and
Category M Fluid Service ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-02 B31·9().()26
Para. 304.5; Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
and Para. 312; Flange Joint System ••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-07 B31·9().()34
Para. 304.S.1(b); F1ange-General••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-09 B31·9().()33
Para. 331.1.1 and Table 330.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements for Attachment of
Bellows ExpansIon Joints to Piping ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,9-0S B31-90-029
Para. 331.1.3 and Table 331.1.1; Heat Treabnent Requirements
of S" Cr'Sodcet Weld •••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-03 B31-90-027
Para. 345.4.2; Test Pressure, Metallic Piping •• " •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-08 B31-90-031
Table 319.3.6 and Appendix 0; Flexibility Analysis for Branch Connections•••••••.••••.... 9-01 B31·90-2SA
Table 341.3.2A; Relnfolcenit!l1t and IntI!maI Protrusion Umits ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-04 B31-90-028
'.
,~
",
101
.j
I
831.3 Interpretations No.9 8-28R. I-en
Interpretation: 8-28R
File: B31-90-008·
Question: In accOrdance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.4.4 sket~ (c), is there a maximum
distance that the branch pipe can project into.the run pipe?
.
,. : Reply: No. The Code does not specify any requirements other than those given in Fig. 328.4.4
sketch (c). Further requirements are the responsibility of the owner.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Table

319.3.6 and Appendix D; Flexibility Analysis for Branch Connections
File: B31-9Q-2SA
Question: In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3, para. 319.3.6 and Appendix 0, is it permissible
to use the k- and j- factors for 90 deg. branch connections from Table 0-1 for branch connections
that intersect the run at angles other than 90 deg. (with or without added reinforcement)?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3does not provide specific k and j factors for branch connections at
other than 90 deg.
103
831.3 Interpretations No.9
Interpretation: 9-02 ( .. ,
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 300.1.1, 300.2, MAJ06.S, and MAJ23.4; Appl-
icability to a Textile Plant, and Category M Fluid Service
File: 831-90-026
Question (1): Is a ~Ie plant which regularly handles caustic chemicals in its manufacturing
process covered by ASME 831.3, para. 300.1.1 (c)?
Reply (1): Yes. See also the ninth paragraph of the Introduction which begins "It is the owner's
responsibility..•"
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ASME 831.3-1990 that piping for:30% sodium hydroxide
be classified as Category M Fluid Service as defined in para. 300.3?
Reply (2): It is the owner's responsibility to determine which fluid services are to be identified
as Category M. See para. 300(b)(1). Appendix M may be used as a guide in making such detenni-
nations.
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3, para. MAJ23.4.2 prohibit the use of a polypropylene flow
measuring device in Category M fluid services?
:
Reply (3): Yes, if the polypropylene is used as a pressure containing component, not as a liner
or gasket. . (->= -
•..
Question (4): Does ASME 831.3, para. MAJ06.S prohibit the use of a polypropylene insertion
flow measuring device in Cat~ory M fluid service?
Reply (4): If a flow measuring device is not a fabricated branch connection, para. MAJ06.S does
not apply.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, With Addenda Through 831.3c-1989, Para. 331.1.3
and Table 331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements of 5% Cr Socket Weld
File: 831-90-027
Question: Are the exceptions in ASME/ANSI 831.3, para. 331.1.3(b)(2) applicable to the re-
quirements of Table 331.1.11
Reply: Yes.
t~.·
~
104
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Table 341.3.2A; Reinforcement and Internal Pro-
trusion Umits
File: B31-90-028
. ,
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 341.3.2A, may heights of reinforcement
and internal protrusion be added together in determining penetrameter requirements for radiograph-
ing girth welds?
,
i .
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 331.1.1 and Table 330.1.1; Heat Treatment Re-
quirements for Attachment of Bellows Expansion Joints to Piping
File: B31-90-029
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 331.1.1, is it required to postweld heat treat
attachment welds joining austentic bellows to P-No. 1, 3, 4, and 5 piping (in thickness requiring
PWHT) when the bellows material thickness is less than or equal to V. in. and the attachment weld
is made with austentic weld material?
Reply: Yes, except as permitted by para. 331.2.2.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300.1 and 300.2; Applicability to the Trans-
portation of an Emptied System
File: B31-90-030
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987, para. 300.1.2 address the transportation of a piece of
packaged equipment which includes piping?
Reply: Yes.
lOS
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5; Pressure Design of Flanges and 81anks and
Para. 312; Flange Joint System
File: 831-90-034
Question: Does ASME 831.3 prohibit the use of raised and -flat face metallic flanges in combi-
nation 1 .
Reply: No, provided the design of both flanges meets the requirements of paras. 304.5 and
312. _
Subject: ASME 831.3-1987 Edition, Para. 345.4.2; Test Pressure, Metallic Piping
File: 831-90-031
Question: Does a component built to a manufacturer's own standard require shop pressure
testing per !'SME 831.31
Reply: ASME 831.3 does not address the pressure testing of individual unlisted components by
the manufacturer. -
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5.1(b); Flange-General
File: 831-90-033
Question: When designing aluminum flange, in accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 304.5.1 (b),
is it permissible to design them in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 2, not
considering the large difference in modulus of elasticity between steel and aluminum1
Reply: Yes, however; see also para. 300(c)(2).
106
ASME B31.3
INTERPRETATIONS NO. 10

April 1, 1991, Through March 31, 1992
General Information
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Addenda stated in the
interpretation, or if none is stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of
the interpretation. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply. These
interpretations are not part of the Code or its Addenda.
ASME procedures provide for reconsi~eration of these interpretations when or if additional
information is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons·
aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the Cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As
"rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietaIy device, or activity.
For detailed instructions on preparai~n of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to
Appendix z.

.
YO' interpretations by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from
Volume 1 up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume.
107
.' 831.3.

Para. 300.1.3(d), Exclusions ••••••••••.•••••'••••••.••.••..••.•••••••••.••••••••••••••• 10.05 831·91.Q04
Para. 301.3.1 and Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperature Design •..••.••••••••.•••••.•••• lQ.02 B31·90-052
Para. 304.1.2, Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure ••••••••••.••••.••••••••••••••••••• lQ.20 831·91-042
Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1044 831-91-024
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components; and Para. 3OO(b)(2),
Designer Responsibility .. 10-11 831·91-016
Para. 304.7.2(c), Unlisted Components and Elements ••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••• 1()..()1 B31·91-007
Para. 304.7.2(c), Unlisted Components and Elements •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. IG:18 831-91-038
Paras. 311.2.5(a) and (b), Fillet Welds; and Para. 328.5.4(d),
Welded Branch Connections •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1~ 831-9O-GS7
Para. 322.6.1(b), Stop Valve in Piping for Pressure Relieving Safety Devices •••••••••••••• 10-10 831·91-013
Para. 323.4.2(b)(I), Specific Requirements for Other Cast Irons ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1()'()1 B31·90-051
Para. 327.4.2, Fillet and Socket Welds.••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-19 831-91-039
Para. 340.3, Rights of the Owner's Inspection; Para. 341.2(c), Responsibility for
Examination; Para. 341.4.1(a)(I), Visual Examination;
and Para. 341.4.1(c), Certification and Records .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-03 831·90-056
Para. 341, Examination••••••••••••••••••••••••• : •••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• la:16 831-G91-G28
Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination ••••••..•••••.•.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-12 831-91-019
Paras 341.3.4(a) and (e), Progressive Examination ••...••••••••..•••••••••••••••••••••• 10-09 831-91-012
Para. 341.4.l(b)(I), Other Examinations; Para. 341.4.3(b), Examination - Severe
Cyclic Conditions; and Para. 344.6.2, Ultrasonic Examination. ••.•••••••••••••••••••••• lQ.17 B31·91-033
Para. 345.9.1, Exami~ation of Welds . 10-15 831-91-027
Para. A323.4.2(a)(I), Specifie Requirements for Thermoplastics ••.•.•••••••••••••••••••• 10-06 831-91-006
·Para. A328.2(a), Bonding Qualification Tests; and Para. A328.5.3(b), Solvent
Cemented Joints in Thermoplastic Piping . 10-08 831-91-G08
Table A-I, Basic Allowable Stresses in Tensidn for Metals•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-13 831-91-021
1
109
B31.3 Interpretations No. 10 . 10-01, 10-02
••
Interpretation:10-01
, Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 323.4.2(b)(1)
File: B31-90-051
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 323.4.2(b)(1), may
cast iron piping components be used in a refrigeration system, using a hydrocarbon refrigerant with
a design pressure of 300 psig.
Reply (1): No, if the owner classifies a refrigeration system using a hydrocarbon refrigerant as
a process unit. Otherwise, yes, if the system is located outside process unit limits and all other
requirements of para. 323.4.2 applicable to cast iron are met.
Question (2) What is the meaning of "process unit limit" in para. 323.4.2(b)(1)?
Reply (2): See the definition of "process unit" in para. 300.2. The owner must classify and
establish the boundaries of process units not specifically described in para., 300.2.
-;~ •
\'.
.,
' ..
Subject:
Date Issued:
File:
ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 301.3.1 and Table 323.2.2
June 14, 1991
B31-90-QS2
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 301.3.1, is the design min-
imum temperature the lowest' component temperature expected in service, which may result from
auto refrigeration?
Reply (1): Yes, unless the process design provides means to control minimum temperature.
Question (2): In accordance with Table 323.2.2, Note (2), for P-No. 1 carbon steel materials,
if the design minimum temperature is below - 200F, but not lower than - 500F, and the coincident
pressure below - 20°F does not exceed 25% of the design pressure, and the combined longitudinal
,. ! stresses do not exceed 6 ksi, is impact testing required?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): For P-No 1 materials, if the design minimum temperature is below - 500F, is
impact testing required?
Reply (3): Yes, the Table 323.2.2, Note (2) exemption applies only for design minimum tem-
peratures down to - SOOF. Also see para. 302.2.4(h). .
Question (4): If impact testing is required, is the required test temperature the design minimum
temperature, even though coincident pressure may be at or near atmospheric pressure?
Reply (4): Yes. See Table 323.2~2 Column B, Box B-3, and Para. 323.3.4.
111
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Interpretations 3-7 and 5-10, Paras. 340.3, 341.2(c),
341.4.1(a)(1), and 341.4.1(c)
File: B31-9O-056
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1(c), are individual
component markings in accordance with the applicable material specification sufficient to assure
the examiner that the material is of proper specification and.grade?
Reply (1): Yes.
Q\1estion (2): In accordance with para. 340.3, may the owner's Inspector' require that all doc-
umentation produced by the original material manufacturer, including documentation beyond the
material specification requirements, be provided?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): For an owner's inspection system, does the Code require documentation to assure
component traceability?
Reply (3): The Code does not address this subject.
Question (4): For an owner's stocking system, are warehouse markings sufficient to assure
Question (5): For componeQts which lack full identification, because of size or other reasons,
may the shipping container be properly marked instead.
Reply (5): The Code does not address this subject, except as requirements are stated in the
referenced specification.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda, Paras. 311.2.5(a) and (b) and
328.5.4(d)
File: B31-9O-057
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition and its Addenda permit ,the nse of fillet welds
as the primary pressure retaining welds for installation of a full encirclement tee ~ branch con-
nection?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition and its Addenda do not specifically address rules for
fillet welding of full encirclement tee type branch connections.
112
831.3 Interpretations No. 10 10-05. 10-06
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 300.1.3(d); ASME B31.3-1990 Edition
File: B31-91-004
Question (1): In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, p~ra. 300.1.3(d), is piping
which is contained in a p,ressure vessel exempt from the Code?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 300.l.3(d), if a pressure vessel, heat exchanger, pump,
or other piece of equipment is supplied with external piping, are the piping components exempt
from the Code?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): poes ASME B31.3-1990 Edition provide a means for qualifying the use of ASTM
A 240 TP 304 material to - 457"F if material is thinner than 0.099 in.?
Reply (3): No.
."4:;
........... Subject: ~ ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A323.4.2(a)(I), Specific Requirements for Ther-
moplastics
Date Issued: June 14, 1991,
File: B31-91-Q06
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. A323.4.2(a)(I) prohibit the use of ther-
moplastic expansion joints, such as PTFE, in above ground flammable fluid service.
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the Code permit the use of thermoplastic expansion joints, such as PTFE,
in above ground flammable fluid service if safeguarded?
Reply (2): No.
113
10-07. 10-08 831.3 Interpretations No. 10
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.7.2(c), Unlisted Components and Elements
File: B31-91-007
Question (1): Paragraph 304.7.2(c) of ASME B31.3-1990 Edition requires that the proof test
be subject to the approval of the Inspector. Is it permissible for a professional engineer or others
without the official title of inspector, but experienced in the design, fabrication, or inspection of
B31.3 piping, to approve the proof test?
Reply (1): Yes, provided that the individual has been designated by the owner and is qualified
to perform that function in accordance with para. 340 of B31.3.
Question (2): For components qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c), must the inspector
designated by the owner to approve the test also have been a witness to the proof test?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. A328.2(a), Bonding Qualification Tests; and Para.
A328.5.3(b), Solvent Cemellted Joints in Thermoplastics Piping
File: B31-91-008
Question (1): In conforming to the qualification tests per ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para.
A328.2.5(a), is a bell-end-ta-plain-end connection considered a pipe-ta-pipe joint for plastic piping?
Reply (1): Yes, if the joint connects two straight pipe sections of the test assembly.
Question (2): If a bonding procedure specification for plastic piping specifically states that it
is limited to pipe-to-fitting joints only, are both a pipe-ta-pipejoint and a pipe-ta-fitting joint man-
datory for conformance with the qualification tests per para. A328.2.5(a)? .
"
Reply (2): Yes.
.,j
Question (3): Can the lack of a small fillet as specified in para. A328.5.3(b) be considered an
unfilled area per Table A341.3.2?
Reply (3): Yes. Also see ASME B31.3, Interpretation 8-14, Question (6). The Committee will
consider future revisions to this paragraph.
114
0··.
,.
-(>
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.3.4{a) and (e), Progressive Examination
File: B31-91-012
Question (1): In complying with the requirements of ASME B31.3-199d Edition, para. 341.3.4,
must additional items examined be of the same size as the defective item?
Reply (I): No, unless otherwise specified by the engineering design.
Question (2): In para. 341.3.4{e), does the phrase "all items represented by the progressive
examinations" refer only to those items which have been examined and found to contain defects?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 322.6.1{b), Stop Valve in Piping for Pressure
Relieving Safety Devices
Date Issued; June 14, 1991
File: B31-91-Q13
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 322.6, are reduced area stop
valves permitted on both the inlet side and discharge side of pressure relieving devices protecting
piping?
Reply (I): Yes, provided the additional requirements of para. 322.6 are met.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 322.6, are reduced area stop valves permitted on both
the inlet side and discharge side of pressure relieving devices protecting pressure vessels in accord-
ance with Section VITI, Division 1 of the BPV Code?
Reply (2): The requirements of ASME B31.3 apply only to B31.3 piping.
115
10-11, 10-12, 10-13 831.3 Interpretations No. 10
Subject: ASME °B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components; and Para.
300(b)(2), Responsibility
File: B31-91-016
Question: In accordanc~ with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 304.7.2, is,the designer respon-
sible to the owner for assuring that the design of unlisted components has.been substantiated?
Reply: Yes, see also para. 300(b)(2).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination
File: B31-91-Q19
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4, is progressive ex-
amination mandatory? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is progressive examination per para. 341.3.4 considered as part of the Code
procedure to determine the acceptability of welds in a particular lot of piping?
•
~
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table A-I, Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for
Metals
Date Issued: ° June 14, 1991
File: B31-91-Q21
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is it acceptable to use the published
ASTM A 240 or ASTM A 167 Type 317L allowable stresses in Table A-I for a design based on
seamless pipe purchased to the ASTM A 312 Type 317L pipe specification?
Reply: Yes, see para. 323.1.2.
116
~;
.
;
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
File: B31-91-024
Question: Shall flanges designed in accordance with ASME B31.3a-1990, para. 304.5.1(b) or
304.5.2(b) be designed u~ing the allowable stresses from Table A-1?
Reply: Yes, except for austenitic stainless s~eels and nickel alloys whOse allowables are based
on 90% of yield strength at temperature and are shown in italics or boldface in Table A-I. In those
cases, refer to para. 302.3.2(e) for the recommended allowable stress limits.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.9.1, Examination of Welds
.Date Issued: December 2, 1991
File: B31-91-027
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.9.1, when 100% ra-
diography is performed as part of an alternative leak test for Normal Fluid Service piping, are the
acceptance criteria for Normal Fluid Service used?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): When 100% radiography, instead of 20% radiography, is required by the engi-
neering design for Category M Fluid Service and the acceptance criteria are specified to be in
accordance with B31.3, are the acceptance criteria the same as for 20% radiography?
Reply (2): Yes.
'Y. -:
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341, Examination
File: B31-91-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 341.3.3 and 341.3.4, what
method of examination is required for a weld replaced due to defect(s) observed under a visual
examination process?
Reply: The new weld requires the same examination as was required for the original weld.
117
Subject: ASMF/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 341.4.3(b), and 344.6.2 (~

"., ' ~ .~.
File: B31-91-033
I
Question (1): In accordance with ASMFJANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, paras. 341.4.1(b)(1) and
341.4.3(b), is it acceptable ~o replace radiographic examination (RT) with ultrasonic examination
(UT)?
Reply (1): Yes, but in the case ofsevere cyclic conditions [para. 341.4.3(b», such replacement
is permissible only if specified by the engineering design.
Question (2): In accordance with paras. 341.3.2 and 344.6.2, what are the acCeptance criteria
for welds examined by ultrasonic examination?
Reply (2): The requirements are specified in para. 344.6.2.
Question (3): What is the definition of "linear-type" discontinuities?
Reply (3): A discontinuity which is a least three times as long as it is wide.
Question (4): For ultrasonic examination are there types of discontinuities other than linear-
type discontinuities which are acceptable?
Reply (4): The Code does not address such discontinuities.
Question (5): For ultrasonic examination will any types of discontinuities be unacceptable if
they meet the requirements as stated in para. 344.6.2(a)1
Reply (5): The Code does not address types of discontinuities other than linear-type.
Question (6): Is there other information in B3"1.3 concerning acceptance criteria for ultrasonic
examination under para. 344.6?
Reply (6): No.
118
831.3 Interpretations No. 10 10-18. 10-19. 10-20
File: B31-91-038
I
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1990, when the pressure rating of a component
has been established in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c) by performing a proof test in accordance
with Section VIII, Division 1, para. UG-101, shall the maximum allowable working pressure be
reduced by a factor which incorporates allowanees, c, as defined in para. 304:1.1, and differences
in wall thickness due to any manufacturing tolerances?
. Reply: Yes, in addition to the other requirements of para. UG-101.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Para. 327.4.2, Fillet and Socket Welds
File: B31-91-Q39
•...
~,:.>"
..
,-.;:~.
~ ~.... "
Question: Are socket weld joints with intimate contact before welding (i.e., zero gap) between
the end o.f the pipe and the bottom of the socket weld fitting prohibited by the Code?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.1.2, Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
File: B31-91-042
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is an additional allowance required

for specified wall thickness for pipe beyond that calculated using the formulas under para. 304.1.2,
to cover manufacturing tolerances for under wall thickness? .
Reply: Yes, the requirements of para. 304.1.1 shall also be met.
c.·,.-.·
.:~:: "
119
,..,.-
r,
ASME B31.3

April 1,1992, Through March 31,1993
General Information
,It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3
as part of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have heen assigned numbers in
the interpretation. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have sup<?rseded the reply. These
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffIx R is presented.
'I
Appendix Z.

Volume 1 up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume..
121
831.3

Para. 302.3.2(f), Bases for Design Stresses - Unlisted Materials ' . 11-05 B31·92-Q02
Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . 11-10 B31-92-014
Paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, Heat Treatment for Flared Laps . 11-03 B31-91-052
Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials , . 11-20 B31-92-059
Para. 323;3.2 and Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing and Acceptance Criteria . ,11·12 B31-92·016
Para. 328.2, Welding Qualification . 11-Q9 B31-92·013
Para. 331.1.3, Heat Treatment - Governing Thickness . '11-Q6 B31-92-<>04
Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination . .11-Q4 B31·91-Q53
Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Examination . 11-02 B31-91-050
Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination . .11-01 B31·91-034
Paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2 and 344.7..1, Records of Examinations . 11·11 B31-92-Q15
Para. 341.4.1 and Table 341.3.2A, Examination Normally Required and Acceptance
Criteria ................................•..............•........................ 11-14 B31-92-Q20
Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required . 11·15 B31·92-Q21
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Testing .................•............................... 11-07 B31-92·005
Para. 345.5.2, Pneumatic Leak Testing - Pressure Relief Device . 11-19 B31·92-050
Para. A305, Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Piping
Components - Pipe . 11-17 B31·92-Q30
Para. A323.4.2(c), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Materials -
Specific Requirements . 11·18 B31-92-031
Para. K304.1.2, Eqs. (34a), (34b), (35a), and (35b), Straight Pipe
Under Internal Pressure . 11-21 B31·92-060
Table 314.2.1, Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded Components : .. 11-16 B31-92-029
Table 341.3.2a, Weld Reinforcement. , . 11-08 B31-91-051
Table A-I, Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension For Metals . 11-13 B31-92-018
123
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11·01.11·02.11-03
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination
File: B31-91-034
Question (1): In aq:ordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, para. 341.4, when applied
to the radiography of welds, what areas, in addition to the weld, are to be included in the "area of
interest" for interpretation and evaluation?
Reply (1): The Code does not specifically define "area of interest."
Question (2): Does the term "weld" include the base metal heat affected zone adjacent to the
weld deposit when applied to radiography?
Reply (2): No. See the definition for "weld" in para. 300.2.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Examination

"
File: B31-91-050
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, para. 341.3.4(a), how far back
in time should one go searehing for additional joints to examine to meet the requirements of
progressive examination?
Reply: Time is not a factor. Only piping in the "lot" under examination shall be considered for
progressive examination. See paras. 341.3.4 and 344.1.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, Heat Treatment for Flared
Laps
File: B31-91-052
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, does a
flared lap on a P-No. 1 material made at ambient temperatures and exhibiting a calculated maximum
fiber elongation greater than 50% of the specified basic minimum for the- grade of steel used, require
heat treatment under para. 332A.2(a)?
Reply: Yes, except as excluded by para. 332.4.2(a).
125
File: B31-91-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4, if a reject is found at
the second step [para. 341.3.4(c)] of progressive examination, is it required that every weld made
by the same welder since the beginning of the job be examined?
Reply: No. The progressive examination applies only to the particular lot of piping represented
by the original examination.
.
'
17,"').'),';
V
126
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 302.3.2(£), Bases for Design Stresses - Unlisted
Materials
File: B31-92-002
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition provide the basis for peterrnining average ex-
pected yield or tensile strength of unlisted matedals referred to in para. 302.3.2(£)?
Reply (1): No.
.Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 allow the use of API 5LX52 above 400°F?
Reply (2): No, see Note (55) to Table A-I.
Question (3): Does this limitation still apply even if the yield (tensile) strength is defined above
this temperature?
Reply (3): Yes; however, unlisted materials may be used above 400°F if qualified per para.
323.1.2.
Question (4): Does B31.3 provide for improving longitudinal weld joint factors through the use
of ultrasonic or eddy current testing?
.
Reply (4): No. See Table 302.3.4.
Question (5): May ultrasonic examination be substituted for radiography to attain Code required
weld joint quality factor for welde~ fittings?
Reply (5): No.
Question (6): Does B31.3 provide for a 0.95 weld joint quality factor for the longitudinal
(including spiral) welds in pipe that is 100% ultrasonically or eddy current tested and radiographed
on each end?
Reply (6): No, except as specified for certain API 5L pipe in Item 4b of Table 302.3.4.
127
11·06,11·07 831.3 Interpretations No.1 1
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 331.1.3, Heat Treatment - Governing Thickness
File: B31-92-004
Question: In accordaI}ce with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 331.1.3, i~ PWHT required when
the header thickness is greater than the limiting thickness shown in Table 3~1.1.1 but the computed
thickness through the weld is less than two times .the limiting thickness shown in Table 331.1.1?
Reply: No. See Interpretation 5-06.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Testing
File: B31-92-005
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.5, is the minimum
pneumatic test pressure considered to be the design pressure?
Reply: (1): No. See para. 345.5.4.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 345.5.4, is the 110% of design pressure considered to
be the minimum or maximum ,pneumatic test pressure?
Reply (2): The Code defines "test pressure" and does not specifically address minimum or
maximum pneumatic test pressure.
Question (3): In accordance with para. 345.5.2, is the set pressure of the relief device considered
to be the maximum pneumatic pressure?
'. Reply (3): No.
128
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11-08,11-09,11-10
Subject: B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, Weld Reinforcement
File: B31-91-051
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, what is the min-
imum height of external'weld
.
reinforcement allowed by the Code?
" .
'
Reply (1): Zero.
Question (2): Is a weld exhibiting concavity on the outside surface acceptable?
Reply (2): The Code does not address external weld concavity, but the total weld thickness
must be equal to or greater than Tw , as defined in Note (6) to Table 341.3.2A.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.2, Welding Qualification
t':· File: B31-92-013

t .,
Ques"tion: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, para. 328.2, maya contractor use a
welding procedure specification written by others provided that he produces a supporting procedure
qualification made by his ow~ organization?
Reply: Yes, see para. 328.2.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H, Reinforcement of

Welded Branch Connections
File: B31-92-014
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 304.3:3, may the groove weld
attaching an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting to the run pipe be less than fully pen-
etrated, if the depth of the groove is greater than required for adequate branch reinforcement?
Reply: No. See para. 328.5.4(d).
129
--~--- .... _ - - - -
11·11, 11-12, 11-13 831.3 Interpretations No. 11
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2, anq 344.7.1, Records of Exam-
inations
File: B31-92-015
Question: In accordan~e with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2, and 344.7.1,
are records for individual in-process examinations required only when used as a substitute for
radiographic/ultrasonic examinations in accordance with para. 341.4.1(b)?
Reply: In-process examinations, when used in accordance with para. 341.4.1(b) as a substitute
for radiographic/ultrasonic examinations, must be documented in accordarice with para. 344.2.2.
When in-process examination in accordance with para. 344.7, as opposed; to visual examination
under para. 341.4.1(a), is specified by the engineering design as the type of examination for any
other purpose, documentation is also required. Documentation is not requited for visual examina-
tions performed iI~ accordance with para. 341.4.1(a).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. 323.3.2 and Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing and
Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-92-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, when impact testing the weld and
HAZ to the requirements of Table 323.2.2, can the base material be represented by any base material
within the same P-Number group?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements for filler metal and flux are in accordance with Table
323.3.1, Box A-4.
Metals
File: B31-92-018
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, what rules are used to develop allowable
stresses for ASTM A 351 CN7M for usage over lOO°F?
Reply: The requirements of paras. 323.2.1 and 323.2.4 apply.
130
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11-14. 11-15. 11.J6
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.4.1 and Table 341.3.2A, Examination Nor-
mally Required and Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-92-020
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1, if a weld for severe
cyclic service has been accepted under visual examination and later shows surface porosity under a
subsequent liquid penetrant examination, is the weld acceptable in accordance with Table 341.3.2A?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required
File: B31-92-021
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1, for a normal fluid
service, does para. 341.4.1(b)(1) permit the in-process examination option for the 5% random ex-
amination, requirement?
Reply: Yes, if specified in the engineering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 314.2.1, Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded
Components
File: B31-92-029
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 314.2.1, does the Fluid Service
Limitation (the first column of the Table) shown as "None" mean "All fluid services"?
Reply: Yes.
131
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A305, Fluid Service Requirements for Nonme-
tallic Piping Components - Pipe
File: B31-92-030
Question: Does ASME B31-3-1990 Edition, para. A305, allow the use of thermoplastics and
RTR piping in flammable fluid service?
Reply: Yes, subject to the fluid service limitations of the pressure containing material. See para.
A323.4.2. .
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A323.4.2(c), Fluid Service Requirement for Non-
metallic Materials - Specific Requirements
File: B31-92-031
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. A323.4.2(c), allow the use of reinforced ther- e?,:,
mosetting: resin piping in flammable fluid service? ~
Reply: Yes.
"
"
'I
132
'J
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11·19. 11-20, 11-21
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5.2, Pneumatic Leak Testing - Pressure Re-
lief Device
File: B31-92-050
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345~5.2, is it permissible for
the engineering design to specify a higher pneumatic test pressure for a piping system than is
required by para. 345.5.4? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the engineering design specification of a higher test pressure subject to the
limitations of para. 345.5.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): May a pressure regulator be employed as a substitute for the pressure relief
device required by para. 345.5.2?
Reply (3): No.
Interpreta~ion: 11-20
Subject: ASME; B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials
Date Issued: November 25, '1992 .
File: B31-92-059
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, may micro-alloyed carbon steel bars
not listed in Appendix A-I be used for piping components in B31.3 piping systems?
Reply: Yes. See the requirements of para. 323.1.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. IG04.1.2, Eqs. (34a), (34b), (35a), and (35b),
Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
File: B31-92-060
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is the 1.155 factor used in the formulas
in para. IG04.1.2 technically correct?
Reply: Yes, see para. IG04.1.2 footnote (4) and IG02.3.2(b)(1).

133
ASME B31.3
General Information
aggrieved by an interpretation'may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As
Appendix Z.

(.
135
\ .
831.3
Subject Interyretation File No.

12-20 B31-93-Q41
12-05 B31-93-004
12-13 B31-93-027
,12-09 B31-93-o17
12-16 B31-93-o32
12-06 B31-93-007
'12-18 831-93-035
,12-Q4 B31-93-001
12-12 B31-93-024
12-07 B31-93-009
12-10 B31-93-022
12-21 B31·93-G44
12-03 B31·92-075
12-19 B31·93-o36
12-02 831-92-074
12-01 B31·92-072
12-15 831·93-031
12-23 B31·93-o55
12-14 B31-93-030
(' ' 12-22 831-93-051
12-11 B31·93-006
12-17 B31-93-034
12-08 831-93-010
137
831.3 Interpretations No. 12 12-01, 12.02, 12.03
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test
File: B31-92-072
Question: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, may in-process examination, in ac-
cordance with para. 344.7, be substituted for all or part of the radiographic examination requiremeIits
specified in para. 345.9.1 if so specified in the engineering design?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5.4, Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure
File: B31-92-o74
Question: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.5.4,. does the Code require
that pneumatic test pressure be adjusted according to the ratio of stress value at test temperature
.- to stress at design temperature?
f:'·
\
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.3, Preparation for Leak Test
File: B31-92-o75
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does the Code require that all radi-
ographic examination, and all owner-specified magnetic particle examination, be completed before
any leak testing is performed?
Reply: No.
139
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 322.6.3(b)(2), Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-93-001
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, if the system test pressure is
greater than 120% of design pressure, is it acceptable to set a liquid thermal relief device at the
system test pressure? . . ,
Reply (1): No; the set pressure shall not exceed 120% of design pressure, unless the require-
ments of para. 322.6.3(b)(I) are met.
Question (2): Which pressure is considered the system test pressure for a piping system where
all piping subassemblies which include all welds and components are hydrotested at 150% of design
pressure and then assembled and pneumatically tested at 110% of design' pressure?
Reply (2): 110% of design pressure.
Question (3): What is the basis for the 120% of design pressure as used in para. 322.6.3(b)(2)?
Reply (3): The Committee does not provide rationale.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch

Connections,
File: B31-93-004
Question: In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, does ~ fabricated tee, for which
the rules of para. 304 apply, that has been proof tested in accordance with ,the rules of ASME B16.9
and its references, also have to meet the requirements of para. 304.3.3 to determine the amount of
reinforcement required?
Reply: Yes, unless it meets all of the requirements of ASME B16.9
140
B31.3lnterpretations No. 12 12-06. 12-07. 12-08
,'~:' ,
I·, •
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range
File: B31-93-007
Question: In accordaI,lce with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does para. 3:19.2.3 require that the
difference between the minimum and maximum piping temperatures, whether caused by ambient
or operating conditions, be considered as one of the range of conditions for calculating the displace-
ment stress range?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.1, Welding Responsibility
File: B31-93-Q09
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 328.1, is it permissible for owner,
rather than employer, to assume responsibility for the welding done by employer's personnel; and
for owner to provide WPS, PQR, and to arrange for tests required to qualify or re-qualify welders
and welding operators?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 0-1, FleXIbility Factor k and Stress Intensification
Factori
r·
File: B31-93-Q10
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, maya tee manufactured in accordance
with ASME B16.9, that does not meet the radius and thickness requirements listed in Table 0-1 of
Appendix 0, be used in the construction of B31.3 piping systems?
Reply: Yes; however, the stress Intensification factor listed in Table 0 11 of Appendix 0 for
B16.9 tees does not apply. Refer to Notes for Table 0-1 and para. 319.3.6 for additional guidance
on stress intensification factors.
141
12·09, 12·10, 12·11 831.3 Interpretations No. 12
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition with Addenda, Para. 304.7.2(e) and Table A-I, Unlisted
Components and Elements and Basic Allowable Stresses
File: B3I-93-0I7
Question (1): In accOrdance with ASME B31.3-I990 Edition, does the Code permit the use of
pipe made from ASTM A 240 Grade 32IH plat~ in accordanCe with ASTM A 358?
Reply (1): Yes, see para. 323.1.2.
, Question (2): If so, can the allowable stresses listed for ASTM A 312 Grade TP 32IH with
appropriate joint factors be used?
Reply (2): The Code does not specify allowable stress values for unlisted materials.
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition With ASME B31.3b-I99I Addenda, Para. 328.4.2(a)(2)
and Fig. 328.4.2 Sketches (a) and (b), End Preparation
File: B3I-93-022
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition with ASME B31.3b-199I Addenda,
para. 328.4.2(a)(2) and Fig. 328.4.2 sketches (a) and (b), can the tolerance for the end bevel angle
for a groove weld exceed plus or minus 21/ 2 deg, if verifiable to the WPS?
Reply: Yes.
'Interpretation: 12-11
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition, Table 0-1, FleXIbility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: B31-93-006
Question; In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, what is the definition of "large di-
ameter thin wall elbows" mentioned in Note (7) to Table D-1? .
Reply: A large diameter thin wall elbow is one in which the pressure significantly affects the
calculated values of k and i when corrected by the equation in Note (7).
142
831.3 Interpretations No. 12 12·12. 12·13. 12-14
r.o Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 328, Welding
File: B31-93-024
Question': In accordance with ASMEB31.3-1993 Edition, if a customer invokes B31.3 in his

general specification and requires that the valves be made to ASME BI6.34, do the specific require-
ments of B16.34 in reference to welding and postweld heat treatment take precedence over the
requirements given in B31.3 for pipe welding?
Reply: B16.34 applies to the manufacture of the valve. Welding of the valve to the piping system
(including postweld heat treatment) shall be per the requirements of B31.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.3.5(d), Additional Design Considerations
File: B31-93-o27
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may the ribs and gussets referred
to in para.~ 304.3.5(d) be either internal or external?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the placement of one or more bars across the internal opening of a branch
connection contribute to reinforcement of the opening?
Reply (2): No, unless qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 304.7.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition With Addenda ASME B31.3a-I990, Table 331.1.1, Heat
Treatment Requirements
File: B31-93-o30
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-199O Edition with Addenda ASME B31.3a-I990,
Table 331.1.1, do P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater then 3% but less than 10%,
a carbon content less than 0.15%, and a nominal thickness of l/Z in. or less require postweld heat
treatment?
Reply: Yes.
·C·
143
12-15, 12·16, 12·17 831.3 Interpretations No. 12
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. M305.1, Fluid Service Requirements for Metallic
Piping Components
File: B31-93-031
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may tubing be used for process piping
in Category M Fluid Service? "
Reply: Yes; see para. M305.1 and definition of pipe in para. 300.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 306.4, Fabricated or Flared Laps
File: B31-93-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, what are, the limitations of "hot
flaring" NPS 6-12 ASTM B 106 Grade B and A 53 Grade B carbon steel pipe?
Reply: Hot flaring for NPS 6-12 is not permitted for severe cyclic conditions, Categol}' M Fluid
Services, or High Pressure Fluid Services. For Normal Fluid Service. sec paras. 306.4.2, 3321. and
G
332.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition. Table D-1. Flexibility Factor k and Stress Intensification
Factor i
File: B31-93-034
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition. Table 0-1. Appendix 0, does the use
of the stress intensification factor listedJor a welding tee per ASME B16.9 require T" == l.5T for
both full size and reducing tees?
Reply: Yes; however, see Note (11) to Table 0-1 and para. 319.3.6 for additional guidance
when the thickness limits are not met. .
144
Subject:. ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 322.6.1, Stop Valves in Pressure Relief Piping
File: B31-93-035
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 322:6.1, maya stop valve be
installed between piping being protected and its protective device or devjces, or between the pro-
tective device or devices and the point of dischl\rge?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of para. 322.6.1 (a) and (b) or (b) and (c) are met.
The precautionary consideration of Appendix F, para. F322.6, should be taken into account in the
engjneering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.4.1, Hydrostatic Leak Test
File: B31-93-Q36
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, does the B31.3 Code contain require-
\:'., ments for Ple water to be used for hydrostatic testing?
Reply: Np, except see paras. 345.2.2(c) and 345.4.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 300.1, Scope
File: B31-93-D41
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may the owner apply B31.3 to piping
containing radioactive fluids in a chemical plant?
Reply: Yes, see the Introduction which states that, "If no Section of the Code for Pressure
Piping specifically covers the installation, the owner at his discretion may select any Section deter-
mined to be generally applicable .•. It should be noted, however, that requirements supplementing
the Code Section may be necessary to provide safe piping for the intended application."
145
12·21, 12·22, 12·23 B31.3 Interpretations No. 12
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 345.1 and 345.9, Required Leak Test and Alter-
native Leak Test
File: B31-93-044
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, when parts of an existing piping
system are replaced, does the Code require that, the conditions of para. 345.1 be met?
Reply (1): ASME B31.3-1990 Edition is intended to apply to newly constructed piping. By
contractual agreement it may be applied to the repair or replacement of piping.
Question (2): Does the alternative leak test in para. 345.9 apply only to welded joints?
Reply (2): No. Also, see para. 345.2.2(a).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.13, Acceptance Criteria For Welds
File: B31-93-051
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2a, criterion value symbols
B, C, F and G, would the allowable cumulative length of a defect be prorated down for welds
containing less than the weld length shown?
Reply: The Code does not specifically address this situation.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition With Addenda ASME B31.3a-1993, Para. X3.1.3 and
Fig. X3.1.3 Design Fatigue Curve for Stainless Bellows
File: B31-93-055
QuestiQn: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition with Addenda ASME B31.3a-1993,
para. X3.1.3, shall an additional temperature correction factor be applied to the equation for N e in
Fig. X3.1.3?
Reply: No.
.;
146
,
'-i
-~._ .. -------
/.
' ..
. . _,'
ASME B31.3
INTERPRETATIONS NO. 13 1

General Information
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Aqdenda stated in the
ASME .procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional
information 'is available which· the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons
stated in the Statement of Poli~ in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify,"
Appendix Z.

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist. the user in locating
147
..
:~ '. -:
831.3
Subject Intery,retation File No.

Alteration of Existing Piping and Hot Tapping ' . 13-04 831-94-017
Certification of a Listed Material to Another Listed Material Specification . 13-10 831-94.Q34
Paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5, Design Pressure . 13-15 B31-94-042
Para. 304.1.1(a), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe . 13-07 831-94·028
Para 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components and Elements . 13'()2 831-94·015
Paras. 304,7.2 and 304.7.2(d), Pressure Design
of Unlisted Components and Elements . 13'()3 B31·94'()16
Paras. 304.7.2 and 319.3.6, Pressure Design and Flexibility Factors . '13-05 831·94.()18
Para 319.4.1, Flexibility Analysis . ,13-14 831·94-041
Para. 328.4, Preparation for Welding . 13'()1 831·93-059
Para 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections . 13·11 831·94.()37
Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing . :13.16 B31·94.()59
Para. 341.3.4(e), Progressive Examination . 13·12 831-94-039
Para. 345.4.2(a), Hydrostatic Test Requirements . 13-13 831·94-040
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Testing . 13-06 831·94.Q20
Para. A328.5.4, Heat Fusion Joints in Thermoplastic Piping . ,13.Q8 831-94-029
Appendix X, Para. X3.2.2, Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints . 13-09 831·94-031
"
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t:-: '. .,."

... .
l.:.~ ~~. '
-
~, 149
"
i;
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.4, Preparation for Welding
File: B31-93-059
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Addenda a, does the Code require
that all transitional tapers be filled with weld metal to obtain a consistent outside diameter when
welding together two weld end components that are manufactured to include all of the following:
(1) a weld bevel to nominal wall thickness;
(2) an actual outside diameter greater than the nominal outside diameter;
(3) a taper transition from the actual outside diameter to the nominal outside diameter weld
bevel per ASME BI6.25, Fig. 1. .
Reply: No, the weld must have at least the same nominal wall thickness as the thinner of the
two components.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Cqmponents
and Elements
Date Issued: Nov~mber 21, 1994
File: B31-94-015
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 304.7.2, may the maximum
allowable pressure of an unlisted component be greater than the manufacturer's rating?
Reply: Yes, see para. 300(c)(2).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Paras. 304.7.2 and 304.7.2(d), Pressure Design of Un-
listed Components and Elements
File: B31-94-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, is a proof pressure test, in accordance
with para. 304.7.2(c), required to qualify a flange design not in accordan~ with a listed standard if
the design meets the requirements of para. 304.7.2(d) as well as the introductory requirements of
para.304.7.2?
Reply: No.
151
13·04, 13.05, 13-06 B31.3 Interpretations No. 13
Interpretation: 13·04 r.\;. ·.

....
.'
',~:"
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Alterations of Existing Piping and Hot Tapping
File: B31-94-017
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition and Addenda a apply to alterations of existing
piping, including tie-in branch connections, e.g., hot taps? '
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design qfUnlisted Components
and Elements, and Para. 319.3.6 Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: B31-94-018
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, maya pressure containing piping
component, not manufactured in accordance with a listed standard, and for which the rules in para.
304 do not apply, be qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply'(1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 319.3.6, may stress intensification factors for pressure
containing piping components~ not manufactured in accordance with a listed standard listed in
Appendix D, be established by fatigue testing?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Testing
File: B31-94-020
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition and Addenda a, is it allowable to

pneumatically test above 110% of design pressure?
Reply: No, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
,',
"
152
"
B31.3 Interpretations No. 13 13-07, 13-08
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.1.1(a), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe
File: B31-94-028
Question: In accor.dance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, may the minimum pipe wall thickness
determined by measurement be used to satisfy the requirements of para,. 304.1.1(a)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. A328.5.4, Heat Fusion Joints in Thermoplastic
Piping
File: B31-94-029
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. A328.5.4, apply to electrofusion bonding of
polyolefin pipe and fittings?
Reply: No. Eleetrofusion joints are not listed; see para. A304.7.2.
153
13·09, 13·10 B31.3 Interpretations No. 13
Subject: ASME B31.3-1987 Edition, Appendix X, Para. X3.2.2, Metallic Bellows Expansion
Joints
File: B31-94-031
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1987 Edition, para. X3.2.2, is it required to
examine inaccessible surfaces of the bellows longitudinal seam weld after forming using liquid pen-
etrant?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Is a dye penetrant leak test (putting dye penetrant on :the inside surface and
developer on the weld outside surface) an acceptable alternative to liquid p~netrant examination of
the inside surface of bellows longitudinal seam welds?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Are the rules in ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 26, applicable to
bellows in ASME B31.3 piping systems?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Certification of a Listed Material to Another Listed

Material Specification.
File: B31-94·034
Question: Is it permissible under the requirements of ASME B31.3-1993 Edition for an orga-
nization to recertify a listed material to another listed material specification?
Reply: B31.3 does not establish rules for materials certification other than the requirements of
the materials specifications.
154
B31.3 Interpretations No. 13 13-11, 13.12, 13-13
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections
File: B31-94-037
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, what is the effective weld
throat thickness required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch 'connection fitting?
Reply: The thickness is as required by the manufacturer's design qualified in accordance with
para. 304.7.2 or MSS SP-94, and para. 328.5.4(d).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.3.4(e), Progressiv~ Examination
File: B31-94-039
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4(e), what is the meaning
of the phrase "all items represented by the progressive examinations."?
Reply: All items withia- the same designated lot. See para. 344.1.3 Definitions, random exami·
nations.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.4.2(a), Hydrostatic Test Requirements
File: B31-94-040
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, permit a hydrostatic test pressure less
than 1.5 times design pressure?
Reply: No, unless para. 345.4.2(c) or 345.4.3(b) applies.
155
Interpretation: 13·14 ~,"

\:1 ....
...•
"'., ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 319.4.1, Flexibility Analysis
File: B31-94-041
Question: In accordance with para. 319.4.1, how many years of operatio~ or number of operating
cycles are required to quil1ify a piping system as having a succ~ssful servic~ record?
Reply: Such determination is the responsibility of the designer. See para. 300(b)(2).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5, Design Pressure
File: B31-94-042
Question: When a valve isolates two process streams so that one condition on one side of the
valve occurs at the same time as another condition occurs on the other side of the valve, are the
requirements of paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5 met if the pressure design is based on the most severe
conditions of coincident pressure and component temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing
File: B31-94-o59
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, if a weld has not
penetrated to the inside comer of the root face on one side of the joint and the remainder of the
weld is sound, does ASME B31.3 classify this defect as lack of fusion?
Reply (1): No, refer to Fig. 341.3.2 sketch (c).
Question (2): Can lack of fusion occur at the root of a groove weld joint?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Is 1.5 in. of incomplete penetration in any 6 in. weld length for girth and miter
groove welds acceptable for normal fluid service?
Reply (3): Yes, per acceptance criteria listed in Table 341.3.2A.

156
ASME B31.3
General Information
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3 as part
of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological order.
Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Addenda stated in the interpretation, or if none is stated,
to the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation. Subsequent revisions
to the Code may have superseded the reply. These interpretations are not part of the Code or its
Addenda.
(: .<. editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity.. In some instances, a review of the
1.:,"\"
.... ..
" ~
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply bearing
the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional ihfor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to
Appendix Z.
Code Reference and Subject Indexe.

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpretations
by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume 1 up to
and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume.
IS7
831.3
Fig. 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials . 14-08 B31·9S-010
Maximum Allowable External Loads . 14-06 B31·9S.Q07
Para. 300.2 Definitions . 14-03 B31·9S.Q02
Para. 302.2.4. Design Criteria Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations, and Para.
322.6.3(c). Pressure Relieving Devices , . 14-09 B31·9S-012
Para. 304.3.3 Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections .......•...................... 14-10 B31-9S-014
Para. 328.2 Welding Qualifications . 14-13 B31-9S-02S
Para. 328.2.2(g). Procedure Qualification by Others . 14-0S B31·9S.QOS
Para. 328.4.3. Preparation for Welding Alignment - , 14-04 B31·9S.Q03
Para. 331.1.3(b) and Table 331.1.1. Heat Treatment Requirements . 14-01 B31-94-064
Para. 341.3.3 Defective Components and Workmanship . 14-14 B31·9S.Q32
Para. A304.1.1 (a). Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Piping Components . 14-17 B31·9S-037
Para. A304.I.l (a). Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Piping Components . 14-18 B31·9S-038
Para. K304.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure . .14-11 B31·9S-016
Table 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials . 14-12 B31·9S-018
Table 331.1.1. Postweld Heat Treatment . 14-16 B31·9S-036
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-02 B31-9S.QO1
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-07 B31·9S.Q09
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-lS B31·9S-034
159
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3(b), and Table 331.1.1, Heat Treatment
Requirements
File: B31·94-064
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3·1993 Edition, Addenda b, does the portion of para.
331.1.3(b) which states "the thickness through the weld in any plane" refer to the weld thickness?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does the minimum
material thickness stated in para. 331.1.3(b) refer to the requirements of Table 331.1.1?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, can the BHN (Brinell
Hardness Number) equivalent of tensile strength of material before PWHT be considered a minimum
value?
Reply (3): The Code does not address BHN equivalent of tensile strength or minimum BHN.
161
14-02 831.3 Interpretations No. 14
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds
Date Issued: June 2-2, 1995
File: B31-95-QOI
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, what does the notation
"NA" for concave root surfaces for fillet welds in Table 341.3.2A mean?
Reply (I): This indicates that there is no acceptance criterion.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does internal protrusion
or suck up apply to fillet welds?
Reply (2): No; see Note (8) in Table 341.3.2A.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, address the acceptance criteria for root
surface concavity of fillet welds?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does melt-through ofa
pressure boundary with a fillet weld constitute a violation of the Code?
162
,
\.-: .....
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 300.2 Definitions
Date Issued: JUIl:e 22, 1995
File: B31-95-OQ2
,
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, para. 300.2, is weld
considered to be a piping component?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, specifically address the areas of general
workmanship regarding squareness, levelness, and plumbness?
Reply (2): No; except as provided for in para. 335.1.
Question (3): In accordance with B31.3-1993 Edition, Add~nda b, if there are additional require-
ments specified in the engineering design, does the Code require the manufacturer, fabricator, and erector
to adhere to those requirements?
Reply (3): Yes, see paras. 300(b)(3) and 300(c)(5).
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, have requirements for the minimum
lengths of pipe sections between welds?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.4.3, Preparation for Welding Alignment
File: B31-95-OQ3
Question: In accordanee with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, how much angular deflection
can a section of piping contain after a circumferential butt weld is made?
Reply: The angular deflection shall not exceed what is permissible by para. 335.1, provided the
requirements of para. 304.2.3 are met.
163
14-06. 14-08. 14-07 831.3 Interpretations No. 14
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.2.2(g), Procedure Qualification by Others
File: B31-95-OO5
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, is the use of AWS E-6013
welding electrode permissible under the provisions of para 328.2.27
Reply: No; however, this welding material may be used if the provisions of paras. 328.1 and 328.2.1
are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Maximum Allowable External Loads
File: B31-95-OO7
Question (I): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, provide design rules for establishing
the magnitude of the maximum allowable external loads on flanged joints?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3·1993 Edition, Addenda b, allow the use of other design methods,
such as contained in ASME B31.1 or ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III for establiShing
the maximum allowable external loads for ftanged joints, considering the application and the appropriate
allowable stress basis?
Reply (2): Yes. The designer is responsible for the design approach used.
File: B31-9S-009
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, require the acceptance criteria of Table
341.3.2A for lack of fusion and/or incomplete penetration be applied to internal undercut?
Reply: No.
.. .
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164
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda. Fig. 323.2.2 Minimum Temperatures Without

Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
File: B31-95-o10
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, if ASTM A 234, Grade WPB
fittings are norm~ized or stress relieved or ASTM A 106, Grade B pipe is normalized, may they be used
at temperatures below Curve B, Fig. 323.2.2 without impact testing?
Reply: No. The requirements of box B-3, Table 323.2.2 apply.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para 302.2.4, Design -Criteria Allowances for Pressure
and Temperature Variations; and Para. 322.6.3(c), Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-95-o12
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, are the provisions of para. 302.2.4
(:' applicable for the initial design of piping systems?
,
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para 322.6.3(c), when a pr.essure
relieving device is set above the design pressure, what requirements limit the maximum allowance
relieving pressure?
Reply (2): The greater of the pressure requirements of Section VIII, Division I. Or para. 302.2.4
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.3.3 Reinforcement of Welded Branch

Connections
File: B31-95-o14
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 304.3.3, is it permissible to multiply
the required area replacement in Eq. (6) by the factor F from the ASME Section VIII, Division 1,1992,
Fig. UG-371
Reply: No. See 304.3.3(t)(1).
16S
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda, Para. K304.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal
Pressure
File: B31·95-016
Question: May Eq. (35a) in para. K304.1.2 of ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda be modified to take
into account external and internal mechanical (thread or groove depth), corrosion, and erosion allow-
ances separately?
Reply: No. See para. K304.1.1(b) for the definition of c.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperatures Without

File: B31-95-018
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition require impact testing of ASTM A 403 WP304W, B16.9
fittings manufactured from A 312 welded TP304 pipe without use if weld metal deposits and used at
design temperatures of -425"F or a b o v e . '
r::•
~
.
Reply: No. See Table 323.2.2, Column A.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.2 Welding Qualifications
File: B31-95-025
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, when a proprietary
integrally reinforced branch connection fitting is welded to the outside of run pipe, is the weld classified
as a single vee full penetration butt weld with a cover fillet weld?
Reply (1): No, see para. 328.5.4(d).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, what pipe diameter would
be used for the WPS, PQR, and WQR for NPS Ih and NPS 3/.4 proprietary integrally reinforced branch
connection fittings?
Reply (2): AU welding qualifications shall be in accordance with para. 328.2.
166
831.3 Interpretations No. 14 14-14.14-15.14-16
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 341.3.3 Defective Components and

Workmanship
File: B31-95-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, if a welder's welds which are
rejected are completely cut out and the joints are welded by a new welder, does para. 341.3.3 require
these new welds to be examined?
Reply: Yes.
File: B31-95-034
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, when 100% radiographic
.~- .. examination and no further acceptance criteria are specified, is it required that the acceptance criteria
( for severe cyclic conditions as noted in Table 341.3.2A be applied to the examination?
\~. ~~:' .".'
Reply: No, see para. 341.3.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment
File: . B31-95-036.. -
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does A 335 PS (S Cr, V2Mo) pipe require
PWHT after welding?
Reply: Yes, per Table 331.1.1.
167
r.:. :'"
\:>..
Subject: ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, Para. A304.1.1 (a), Pressure Design of Nonmetallic
Piping Components
File: B3l-95-037
Question: According to ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, do the requirements of para. A304.1.1 apply
to the reduced sections of RTR pipe outside the socket of a socket joint?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, Para A304.1.1 (a), Pressure Design of Nonmetallic
Piping Components .
File: B3l-95-038
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, can the minimum thickness ofRTR and RPM
pipe be calculated using ASTM D 2992 procedure B HOS with a service factor of 0.5 (static HDBS)?
Reply: Yes, refer to A302.3.2(c)(2).
168
,-:,.-;.' " .... '
ASME B31.3
General Information
ofthe update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological order.
Addenda. .
~. , ,j editorial cOrrections made for the'purpose of improved clarity. ,In some instances; a'Teviewof the
'd interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply bearing
the original interpretation number with the suffix R is p r e s e n t e d . " ;
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Fw:ther, persons aggrieved .
Statement ofPolicy iIi the Code documentS;ASME does not ~'approve," "certify,";~.·rate,'~;.()r~:endorse'~~~.:,:·
any item,'Construction, .proprietary device, 9"
activity. . ~;,y:< ,:.,~);;~: .."~~>.:'~,':. ?:;:··,~~'·r-~~t~0>:}:':;:-y}f}:> ,:.'.: ''',
/<..
For detailed instructions onpreparation of technic31 inquiries 'to 'the B31 a;mmittee;~'refer t():'.-·
Appendix Z.·. .

by location or by subject matter iIi the Code. They cover iIiterpretations issued from Volume. 1 up to
and iIicluding the present volume, and will be updated with, ~h volume.
169
.. ,' ..\ ... '
~ , """'-.
831.3
Fig. 328.S.2B Sketch (3), Socket Welding Flange . IS-08 B31-96-009

Hardness Testing : . IS-20 B31-96-039
Metallic Valves Lined with a Nonmetal . 15-26 B31-96-049
Para. 300.1.3, Scope; Exclusions : . IS-Q9 B31-96-01O
Para. 302.3.S, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and Displacement Strains . 15-IS B31-96-o20
Para. 304.1, Pressure Design of Components; Straight Pipe ' . IS-1O B31-96-o11
Para. 304.1.1. Pressure Design of Components; Straight Pipe . IS-Q6 B31-96-OO7
Para. 304.2. Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe ......................•...........•... IS-14 B31-96-018
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . IS-oS B31-9S-052
Para. 319.3.I(b), Thermal Expansion Data . IS-24 B31-96-045
Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials , '" . 15-04 B31-9S-048
Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . 15-12 B31-96-oIS,
B31-96-016
. Para. 323.2.2. Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . IS-2S B31-96-047
Para. 323.4, Fluid Service Requirements for Materials .....•...•..............•.......... IS-03 B31-9S-046
Para. 328.2.3, Performance Qualification by Others .......................•............. IS-19 B31-96-037
f Para. 331.1.3(b), Heat Treatment Requirements . IS-18 B31-96-o36
~ :;'".J_ ;; *'''''PanL" 332.4.2(a),·Cold Bending and Forming ~' '.. :::..' •.. : •...... :. : . .. ·IS-17-·;· B31-96-034
.'\..::.7 Para. 33S.1.1(c), Alignment; Flanged Joints ...•....••....•....•.....••.••.•..• ; .•..•... IS-07 B31-96-008
. Para. 341. Examination .'.;.• :~ •••... ;'; '.; ••••••••••• '.••••••.•••••••••. 15-13 B31-96-017
Para. 342 and Para. 344.2, Examination •.....................• : •.....•.•..•••......•.. IS-21 B31-9~1
Para. 34S.9.1(a), Examination of Welds _•....... IS-02'B31-9S-045
Para. X302.2.3. Leak Test •••......•••••••.•••...........•.••..•.•..•.•.••.•..•...... IS-22 ·B31-96-043
. Table A-I, Allowable Stresses •••.•••.••.•••.•.••••.•••.•..•••••..•.•••.•..•.••...... IS-QI B31-9S-044
.-~ :~. ·'._,YY~_ ':·~~'.:i:~.~t'·Table. 323.2..2, .~i~um ,TCD1~tures Without, Im~t. Testing for Carbon Steel Mat~ ..
" I IS·11 , . > , B31-96-014
.;,~r.·:;i.{~:f~,~t~jS1Table323.2.2; Minimum Temperatures Without ImpaCt Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
;:::";.'~".;~;;;,~';';Table 323,J.I.lmpactTesting Requirements for Metals .: ::: .;~.;'...... : ••••• :.; ••. : •• ~ •••••
•
:~:~~':~'};~,g'~ . /;~.::; :~;~ .,.; .,;~" ,
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171
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<, B31 ,3 Interpretations No.,.15. '., .... '

.~
15-01. 15-02
b.". ;~~ ",',,:" "~," '-':I~,~~~.~t.... ;,,,.·~'.'~':f'·~·~"~~";' ~" '1'J._,,,~.~,'~~~',,..:.::,,., .•, ,.~;o;.,.:&.:~.,-,~~-~•. L ':"";~';"-~.',~ "'~: ·.,col~
. ' "Interpretation:'15-O1,:, < , '. : : ' ':~~::'<." :~',::i:"'_' ,
'J'.';'."
/
," ,<. ..",,' ., ....,......':". ' . "'''{'''·~~·.'ITiIr,''';1'.:'''''''~':''''''':·-,""":; ,~"'-."
~-,: . . ",.. ;\,~:: . . ·~~·p,..":,,,,,·,.·~t·~."~:";·;·>·:·i~i''''
."Subject:;'~~~:;;~rAsMEB31.3c-199S:Addei1da;'Table A-kAllowable Stresses

"
.",
:"',h .,
. .- .'...
::. "".' ,'~: '~';' Datt;Issued: •',~,:,May }l;.l ~?6:,~~r:;.::':':::::~;~:::7:"ZC,'':,~' "~:"
,'". ~""'. ~~
,C~ '~·.,;o.·~·:,>1·~~~!.A~·.\':i~,C{"'/,;"'·,·i.'''':loj>1:'';''~:;~~''I·''.iJtr·',;~ ...

...._~:,:1 ~:{';:'::~'';(~~(\~>~~ .~~~~~'t.~~i,:~~,:~."':'t·U(':~"·'
File: B31-95-044
QUeStion(I):'Are the materiat requirements of ASME SA-106 the same as ASTM A 106?
Reply (2): Yes. ,
Question (2): When doing an ASME B31.3 system stress evaluation, what allowable stresses are used
for ASTM A 106 or ASME SA-106?
Reply (2): Those listed in ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table A-I for ASTM A 106.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1(a), Examination of Welds
File: B31-95-Q45
", , ' ' ' t ;.~.',<,;<'t".'~"<"'>:"': Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, is it permissible to perform magnetic
\.:,,) particle examination of a circumferential weld in lieu of radiogtaphy as specified in para. 345.9.1(a)1
. .. .,', . .'. '~'/-:'~ ~:;",~,.'.:>.' , . - ;.
Reply: No.
, •• " 1 < ~. .' ;_":,)P.::";:
''''',-:.,lo-.', .•. ,::
173
,:, ..
.,' .... <. • ' ~""'.~ .,~ .......,...."'.. ~ '," ,,;} ·~- ..... i '·.'--1,'; ·v",>. '-. "
15-03. 15-04
".,"',"lnterpiet~ti~~~;1"5:03~"::'~~~-;"'7~:;:;':;,;::-~:~~;;~~:',;~~~~~i*;,:~?~::~~::~~~~~~~:::~:~~~:~~~?"~:~~;:'~:f,;~~':~:':~'''';~~':;'
~ . ....; .. , ti-·; .., .. ,/'r __ .'··'''.,~~'--:J¥,··~ ·~,,·.:'-l "\,' . ~ . ~,·.l;'-.·~·'··~.7'·.'·.~, . -::~ .'." ~'j ...-- .. ,l:-'~ --'.,1'1. 1.'';'''';':-'. ".,.
. -, ,.,::~.: ~:, ~~':7~~:,~t:;'C"J'~"~ ~,,' ~. '~. . :'1 <~:'?"" .:..:. ~'; -::';; i7··· '.:~' '~i,~"~",' !::~ ~-~t~' ~:~.-:,,:_ . ~~:.-'~- :'.:~~::~; :~(~:~~ ~~~;~~~~,;~;,~~.::;,:,~~~,'~_~.
:,,~,',~ '.. ~,,; .,;--~~.~ ~., ,~,;.: ',' ~'i~.~·'~"~l.·~~:'~t~~:<;I'-'~"~:r""'~~~:..- .l.:,•. ..; ..
SUbject: >");·:~,,t.~~;'(.::"\SldE, B31.3c-199S.Adden~p'ara. ~323.4, . Flwd Semce Requirements for,,,,,~....:i..·"~" ,,-,~~ ".,.,. \.'
,;-_ .•.. .- ,-'l,' _~~,,"",ll.ht,," Materials ~, ....""~.~ . ,, :~"':~,-.;t"",-.<,,,,.,_,~,.~·''f::7lf\'·' ~"~'i",.".~-::t~~·N:'"t~,"~::".P"'-~:.,~~:,~:.~~ '~L~.V,\ ,~".,*"·· ~l~~"l~oC""'!',~,r,."" ..",,~:,~~1'
__ ~".~'."",' ~(,~': ~',"-.,'C.'-',
"." •• •
. • "'f';<:';01,'"""'" ',~""".,!\.,,,, Date Issued: #~tt,Jvfay .21, ;1996~""')'i';~"'Ji~;JF"r;t....,,\\e''1~it>;{'~~~''''''Ji'l.'!'\'*·''~1't,.,..~w<.~,,:,""' .... "'H;r;,.·,' ,"':" ~7'''''~';:''''\'''''" . ,'.
File: B31-9S-046 \.~~ ' ..-~ .. : ..

"
Question (1): Does the ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda'permit the use of gray cast iron at tempera-
tures down to .:....150~ ,'" '
Reply (I): Yes, however, see para. 323.4.2(b) and F323.4(a).
Question (2): For temperatures below - 2<rF, are there any special toughness test requirements for
. gray cast iron? '
Reply (2): No.. See Table 323.2.2, Box B-1.
Question (3): For any temperatures below -20"F, are the allowable stresses at -20"F applicable?
Reply (3): Yes.
.r .-'
.,~'- .••
May21~ 1996
I ,"
Date Issued:
File: , B31·9S-048
(, •. - -"";'." ":' ',' ....) '"';:~'~ "."_. ..."!-
Question (2):'CaJi API SL X6S pipe beqUaIifiedfor applications above operating temperatures of
lOO"F under para. 323.2.3 for Normal Fluid Service? " .
174
.1.
·-.,!.....
831.3 Interpretations No. 15 .~< .15-05•.15-06. 15-07

" _ ... -- .. ,., . ,"". ','~
, ·':'··i':'':: ·'W.,.«if.,~,;,Or$-" '.' '~.',,";"',:.- ~ , ,"". ,. "...."._ •.: .f. -, ......
..
-,··..r~;,"t:-~~'·_,.,....;·~···.,.": .'~ :.
.·Subjectt~·'· ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda,' Parae·304.3.3, .Reinforcement /of Welded Branch ".;..,'".",....'.,•• ~.j. • . • ,.
Connections ""," "' •., """'" ( ..

~... . ~ -. ',. .<:' :,~. "", ·'"''':-:·'-'''-i;~''_:,:~.~ ;~~~~"?~~~-.~~,~~~~~r:.\'~:,~··:~',. ~~.~,~,~".: ;;.~, ..
•. ~.. • • • • .\, ". I ;...... ./
". Date Issued: ,"". May 21, 1996 ,,.. '. . ""'"'' · ·"., ..·:··c ••.••,·,··.,·.· •.•,;" ,."., . .'i';;,;..j.;: ""'~".'''':'' , •.••• ,..,:, '-.,"' ..
File: B31-95-052 ,.
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.3.3, is it permissible to
multiply the require<:!- area replacement in Eq. (6) by factor F from ASME Section VIII, Division I, 1995
Edition, Fig. UG-37? The nozzle is welded on a cylindrical header as per Fig. UW-16.1 sketch (a).
Reply: No, except as provided in para. 300(c)(3) considering the design conditions of para. 301 and
design criteria of para. 302.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Design of Components;

Straight Pipe
File: B31-96-OO7
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.1.1, shall the quality factor" '.'
E also include ligament efficienc~;, . ...
Reply: No; see para. 304.3 for the reinforcement of mult~p!e openings.
'n~;'~5:;~1;1~~:J~~i1fc?~tt;~~ij~t~~;~~~t:"i,~~i~~~~"~:1iJicf~!;~'A:iEI;!;';,
Subject: .~. ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 335.1.1(c), Alignment; Flanged Joints' ' . ,
?".~~ ".~-: '.::,.,;':.-!~~>:;-<:~~ ,:-.;~.~;;~"~~(;~ ~ ......~"~ ,~:" :~lt~; *. '- ,: 'tI~~'~" ~::; ::-f-~~~:~'i\~~17~·~~~·t~~·<~~~\.1 : ~~.~; J~ ~:~".i~:J;Y}:~:'0;:'~1~~~~' ~. .~.,;fiy;;·~·,,,';7/:-'1>i_~;"\~;,~~'
Date Issued: . ,May 21, 1996
.-'; .:.,.>.. ;.
File: ~"" .. '.... B31-96-OO8 ~'# "~"':".-; .-', ~.
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 335.1.1(c), prior'to bolting up
····a flanged joint,inay the flange faces be out of alignment from' the design plane by moreth8n V16in./ft •.. ;:.::- ','
(0,5%),. provided the misalignment is considered in the design of the flanged' asseml>ly and attached
piping in accordance with para. 300(c)(3)?' " .
.,.:", ...
':'-:.-"':<-.
175
831.3
,...,...,;-"'.
Interpretations
,- . No. .15
"':;" ,;,. '.~"'"
'::~~,~lnterpret8tion:'15"..o8 ", ,', '..' .~,,,, .. ,,. ~"~' .-~_"

..... ,~ ..~,
<,.' _ ' " • ",.,'
.~. .' ..• ' < . 1. "

. ~" ._'',;~
,
...,.....,..~'~
4 •
... ... ..:". . } ,~.~ ,:,. '*",i'~'" " . ~,C,. __ .' ,;;. . _",1".;" ~".':" .11\." ",,' •. ~ ;'.': ~,'"r" • .... ;.'. '.' ',., ';0, ~_..,.;.~,' .;>"t.,• •• " • .-'-', ~'•• ~,' " , . .. ·,<;·.~ ...;...-.I\'''':;,~~i .• ·'~U ;:"~;'i'f'''''~:''<ll~,r:"~·~:::-~,,
;: .",',.,'~"
-~;".~Ubjf:ct:;;:',:';::::~',::,~~~B31.3c,,:1~9~,1\~denWl,.Fig. }28.~.2B Sketch (3)!:,~ket:We1ding ~nge':~;;;':~;;'~~;"'T':h,,!;;~f?; .-
~;-, '., .,~. ""I ,'ilf'I'.,ti<" "~:,·"".~·;1~-I:"- _~.- -,--.". ,.•;,;, , •• '., /. ".,...., -:.•..,'.,.., ..•....•.. - •. ' '!~.~';" ~ ~ .....,.'.~ ;-"~"""'.'~~f<If(."~,".'J
_ ,""". ';"'.",';' .~:"I" .,.~,-- ... • .. ·."':-'..... ~,..",""""_I';<o .... :J;t'".~f;".~'......'...":1'1'·.. '-_·t·,',/f'
, ,.~., Date Issued::~~,I.May 21, 1996,~,,~.,,·"',··_ ..,,· .",,, """~'" .'" !,,~H~'.....-"'i>!':'~f.:":'t"~'.;~:;~~~,· .
"~ ,~'I";.;' ..• .., ' ..: ..':1'. ":" '<-1:"_.; < •• ,,,;,~~,:,!l' ".'~ ,~.' • .!~'. ""'~ ·"f,"':i;:;' ~/,,,-';,j~;,*:!;·;.lr:i.~'~~,,..;..~r
...'"~:oo;'~ .<.,",,<~
:fl;·/;.F;'..~: :',: .~. '".\f('~~,~,~.f:;,~';·~: ~": ;,r,:j.Ji;3~~~.~;'''Prl.I:"'j!;:''liIr'.:-jJa'!;,;,t{;:.~~,~,;;;~\:,-j~~~,~.("~;,,",,,~;;v.j'-o; <•• ~'".~,~;,1:;~~!i';' '- t- ...A;... "~~~-"~.l;;t",f:.~_~~lllf.o~"t:~~,,,"~-¢~~t~S«'-"~'#4-?~,~';,~"',~:;~·
.""i~i '
File: B31-96-oo9
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, may the fillet weld shown in Fig.
328.5.2B Sketch (3) (socket welding flange) be repositioned to the inside of the pipe?
Reply: No, unless qualified under para. 304.7.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 300.1.3, Scope; Exclusions
File: B31-96..QI0
Question: Does ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda apply to internal fuel gas manifolds installed in a fired
heater?
Reply: No, see paras. 3oo.1.3(c) and (d).

~~ .
.~. ' I
''-..
. Interpretation: 15-1 0
Subject:.... "ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.1, Pressure Design of-Components;-,. ,>~/,
,--.': .... '.', ..
Question:'Ma';'ihe i~~emal pressure design thickness ~ ~ comp~t~ iri"~~o~cbri~'~~h the p;~~~'c,;

sions of ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda,' paras; 304.1.1 and 304.1.2 when 'tis greater thari'orequal to"
D/6 and P/SE > 0.385? .,
.". '( . !-(,~'~.,~/~ ·:~;:Jitj,~~~~~:~'~'/L,. >:;;·,j·; ~':«' ~~,'- .'. >, ' ~." ,- '.
" . ,'Reply: Yes. However, it is the responsibility of the designer to providethespecialConsideratioii,>j":,":'~::

required in para.304.1.2(b). Alternatively, as an option to the owner, the design maybe in accordance ,.
with Chapter IX. ' . ". "
176
.. ';," .
. 831.3 Interpretations No. 15 15·11, .15-.12 .;.:,..,

'. .' .. ........
~ ~.. ~. '~. . .. , ....
' ..,.. ' .....; ...
."U J •.••• _,,~
" . Interpretation: 15-11
,Subject: .',' .. ASME B31 :3~;' i 995Add~nda: Table 323.2.2, Min'imum Temperature Wi;h1ti~-d;':::.;~~~'i;~fi;:·:Ea'· .
"'~'..J':;;";'. '\'~~ •• ~. ,:...~,:-........ .t.;;:.- ..-\; "'''I''~,''':~''''~:.~:;,~
May '21, ·1996·.~~ ..~;:;:'~--",~ > - ,h::;';·:.'" "';.': '~~'. '.~-\.~-j~ >,;;,: ~''::~ "~'~"""~1'; .
File: B31-96-014
Question (1): Does the assigned curve in the second sentence of Box B-3, Table 323.2.2, ASME
B31.3c-1995 Adden~a refer to the curve assignment from Table A-I?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the material has been heat treated per Note (2) or (3), Fig. 323.2.2, is further heat
treatment or impact testing of the base metal required for use below the original assigned curve, but above
the reassigned curve?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed
Materials
. Date Issued: May 21, 1996 ,'.' .,< .
File: ,', .' B31-96-015, B31-96-016
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-199S Addenda, when making blind flanges of ..
carbon steel plate materials which have a Fig. 323.2.2 Curve assignment in Table A-I, is the thickness:;,':; <.,>..
, .' . of the finished blind considered the nominal thickness when using Fig. 323.2.2 to establish_tlie~eedJor··'r;'~~"'~.:t~~::.'r\
. . .,,'~',:.;,".;Dn~~;;i~:~;'':;;,:~~~t:;;',c:~:):~;,;;t'~;~:~rf~~),';~~1!!~~:~~4~'~~;:
Question (2): For carbon steel materials with a letter designation in the Min. Temp. column ofTable
A-I, can flanges manufactured in accordance with ASME B16.5 be used at temPeratures down to -10°F
without impact testing regardless of thickness?
. .
;Reply (2): No, the requirements of para. 323.2.2 apply:
.... ""' ..:
177
, ' .. ." '
, Intetp;etation~'15-~ 13
./""'"
,
SUbj~;;;:'~'<;';~';2;ASME'B3C3c~1995 Addenda, Pa~. 341,.. Examination
¢..
Date Issued:"""May 21; 1996 .." ..~~.~.

",'" '::', , i'~·~.i"- .~ ."...:..... ,~.. ;
; - ..
..,- '~.-:;\'[.
File: B31-96-017
Question: If a fabricated valve meets all the requirements of ASME B16'.34, does ASME B31.3c-
1995 Addenda require that nondestructive examination in'accordance with ASME B31.3 also be per-
formed on the valve? .
Reply: No, see also Interpretation 12-12.
Subject: . ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.2, Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
File: B31-96-018
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.2.1, can the minimum
required thickness t m of a bend; after bending, be determined by taking in consideration of lower .
(pressure) stresses on the outside of a bend (and higher pressure stresses on the inside of the bend) than
..,-: ..' on a straight pipe with identical wall thickness? - IV"~'" . ·;Jr·'>~j.-.,;~,~, ......!;";_.:~t.~,,;'"~ •.. ,,-:-,~·:,-~ •.• ,
~.-/ ..... -
. Reply (l):No, except asprovided in para. 300(c)(3)~ .,
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, 'Chapter IX (High Pressure Pipit,g),
can the minimum required thickness tmof a bend, after bending, be determined by ·taking into considera-
. j , ' . '...., ,; ->,:c,._ tionlower~tresses onthe outside of a, bend (and higher stresses on the inside of the bend) than on a~~;.:,· ,i,.:.,<,-'
0'i'~,:r:c;{:"straight:P!t:~blden~Wall'~~r~~i';J·J.t~f~·[~rf(i~'!:l~~*}'~;j~ti~~~,
. . '.~ '. ... "·!il!~~~r~;
' . ,.. Reply (2):. No, except as provided in par~300(c)(3).. "<' •.•. ; ,;C,",../.,;" ........•.. ,.~.~~~<1.~.¥:t),.;;,.,:...";.: .• ':~·: .. , .•. '~.~,' ,
·"1.·.·.,;. ":_"'_'-"_'~"';'" _ ," .• >-: r. o, , ." ,."--"\';,' 'j,"',. !,',' _"': .
";-.",\" -.-.,:... ~'•. ,' ~... ~·t,,;':'·/"_1~~:¢~l,!~:~,:j:~~:::.r-:~tr~~Yf"'~:,%\~~· ;-'-~~f:.'·::'·'~::i,,-;;>,;r;-;.:~~~·~;?,~~·; .-/.~~. ~<-::~:J:2:~~:.~t'!'s-::-·~,';/::}> '·';:~;:.-·t'· . :_: i:~;
',""fl/j • • . •
178
. :--- f:'r,<·· . '.:',';
.•... '••, , ",,~ :,;. ," ;.".,__ •.." __ .' "~-' ',' • ,"" , "4 ' .,,'C' ·.r--;;,' .
,.831.3 .Interpretations No.).5 . ' 1 5·1 5. 15-16

'\- ::..' , .' . '.~,. t ~ ..
Interpretation:'15·15
, ,~. '...,'. ,: ..",..Ii -.:, "
'ASME B31.3c~I~95 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5, Limits of Calculated Stresses due to

;-., .-,-'. Sustained Loads and Displacement Strains
File: B31-96-020
Question (1): What is the definition of sustaineti loadings as intended in ASME B31.3c-1995
Addenda, para. 302:3.5(c)?
Reply (1): The Code does not offer for sustained loadings other than in the referenced. paragraph.
Sustained loads do not typically include forces resulting from applied displacements such as restrained
thermal growth. See para. 319.2.3.
Question (2): When flanges are subjected to external forces and moments, is it permissible to
calculate the stresses in the flange due to these forces and moments using BPV Code, Section VIII,
Division 1, Appendix 2, and using the equivalent pressure calculated from these forces and moments?
Reply (2): The Code does not provide specific design formulas for the design of flange joints
subjected to applied external forces and moments except as provided in para. 300(c)(3). However,
external forces and moments shall be considered in design. See paras. 319.1.1 and 321.1.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperature Without

'''File: '''''.''';;';'';'''.'' B31-96-021 ..:> . . . . . . . . . '.,' ',' ·c'.·.· ,.,. "..• """.,,.,.~ ..;-, '~"
,~> .' .,>,;;,;,:.:,;:~,~~. ~:t,~'( ,'. ,.' ." .:'<:} ·'Y:~;'./\:,.l,:< .. ', >:" .··"~·:#i{(,.-f·~'2';!';;;~.:;;;·~:{{:.9i.':i:J:;;·~,~~';";!:·;·~;;~;\:.%:.:,:.,,: ',"
'.('<. Question(I):DoeSth~ assigned curve"in the second sentence ~f Bo~ B-3': T~ble 323:'i.2, ASME'··~:;.'i' .' ..
."..... B31.3c-1995
. -;'.-, -.,
Addenda refer to the .curve
--".',; '.' .•.-:-.,.. , '.- ::', ".:' ;.,'.
"~')'.<';:' -' .,
assignment" from
.
Table
.
A-I?
....., .- .'.: ....::.
,) .": '-'::
'. ;'. ....
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the material has been heat treated per Notes (2) or (3), Fig. 323.2.2, is further heat
)
treatment or impact testing of the base metal required for use below theoriginal assigned curve, but above
the reassigned curve? . >
Reply (2): No.
179
........... ~~: '~~':"''''''~''4'f.~'''',''. .'. ..r ','" .... ~ _ •••.,:... "... I,Ji'.. '~"~ioJ;~I ... '. "':"".~ '••• _'~:'J, •..__ • _',.~ ~.~ -",~".';
·<·('-:;.}.~:.'J'1'.;':"
15·17,15·18
''''' •. ,~
..':.•;""\-,, n·· ~< ....<•• '~~',;
.831.3 Interpretations No. 15
._::i,,'.,-~:~;:~·~~,~,).-,~~.'~~'l' ", ~ ;--i.," <'~~,.;".~!"~;~.~",~~~:.:~~".--::~,.~ .. ",~,,,,;~ '.,.:,;J,..~':'''''~'''''' '.•"" .,,,...... ,
." ", ":',,::. '.' Interpretation: 15·17 ,',
. . . , - " . ;......;":;;:.;~ .. :':) . J ." :
; ,_...... ,'~~~"l·,~~ ...'. ..,':'tI·•.~,:":::~i.J',-.;'..l~,.<..:.' ..A!'l:~.•.~'.'''~i...''':.-~N ~.,..:~ . . "m;.o::...:..,·'··· ,)'..
.~t. •. ~, ,. .~ :'. ~"'''':':" ;; ,,,~,,,,:,~,:, ~. ,.;.-.'.;',,,: .; ::.~.. ,<,I . ~>. "".'".;",-;, '", ~~"">i'" :''''~.. . .. . ..... '. "':.'" I. J .....
':i;;:,~ltt~t~·~7ci~;:~;:~:,.Su~ject~,:;;~~;;:'ft!,-Sl\ffiB31.3~
19~Edition, Para: 332.4.2(a), Cold Bending and Fonning ~~::~:
~,,' ._~" .... :."",~." "4:~',~jif.· ..,:·:~ "'-"-:!'-Ilo."'''',Vf'\''I'!,o'.~''~:o('I':lt,:-~''''',.;:r;.,:'.'~'~'' "':'i'.,~,~;.~._'.' .. r.··.· ,•. ,', - .'~
c.- J';",~ . •, :,.... .-' .•. --';' "'~,'" ' •• 'Vo'·C'," ':__ :'. '" '~t.""~', .•. '''':'' . ,~T· ' __~'" ,~ .." . . ..- ....."'.; • """,' ~~ .'" -' • •
... '';''.'' ', ''''r,'' ::"

·,·.~·~,;,.,·:··,· .. ~,·~·~.:r·:;!:Date Issued: ~::"""October 30, 1996 : ~- ,~ !'!.'., '•.• _0'., •.•'.'-, , .
I .<~'-4.,:~... i,oO!;.. :..;.'";'t";.::~rt~A:1~-l.,J;·,ij-:.-~'

...... ';"!'" '1O.... ;'#,"'..~....~"l'..~.)".....' .. ,.',,~'," •., " • ",'.'!.'" -
~,.,~'6"-:";<,__,.':~:(~~~.jt[,';.;:i11~:: .......~,:jo.rtJ\1\"t·~GiL~'!-~~tt;l" .. ~~~1·lJ.' ..~'.','~~.'.:'.~,','~.,.',"':, ..... -,;·,,:;-·;,;:,~<,<,·tJ,
File: B31-96-034
. I
"""'•.~ . " "
~.-.','I."':·"·
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 332.4.2(a), cold bending and
fonning, can the elongation value for SA·I06 B reported in the Certified Material Test Report be
substituted for the s~ified basic minimum elongation in calculating the maximum fiber elongation?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3c·1993 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3(b), Heat Treatment Requirements
File: B31-96-036
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1993 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and para. 331.1.3(b),
do socket welds and seal welds with P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater than 3% but
less than 10%, a carbon content less than 0.15%, and a weld throat thickness of 0.5 in. or less require
.",.·,·",,..··;w·,,',, ,.•.•', postweld heat treatment if matching filler material is used? ,.' ", ... , ' ' , " " " ? ", ,",v" '. """.'.'"
Reply (I): Yes, unless applicable provisions of para.' 331. 1.3(b) are met~
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addend8.,-Table 331.1.1, and para. 331.1.3(b),
do Socket welds and seal welds with P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater than 3% but
,,;";;~:;""5'.'."""'''''' less thaillO%,a carbon content less than 0.15%, anda weld throat thickness·ofO.5 in. odesS require";:': ...
,~l;1~~~t~~fcn-!c'!~~:~.~1~~~~~~:;k~;~::!~:!~f~~'~~:~f<W{:~
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and paras. 331.1.3(b)
and 331.1.7, if a non-air-hardenable filler is used, is the base metal HAZ required to be 241 maximum
Brinell hardness for P-No. 5 materials with chromium content greater than 3% but less than 1O%?
. Reply (3): Yes, unless the applicable provisions of para. 331.3(b) are met.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and para. 331.1.3(b),
""',~i'"'~;":F.;:"''';;' .. ,,~ do ther~uirementsof para. 331.1.3(b) override the requirements of Table 331.1.1 relating to base metal
\'.,' ''':'''>';''''~iii".;·' . group and/or' ihe specified minimum tensile strength? '
: '. " ,_" <.' . . . __ '. , . \ ".': : .••.. ~.:1".. ~. ",',;- e', .:',:;-.........:. ....,..,.. ••
Reply (4): No, unless the applicable provisions of para. 331.1.3(b) are met.
180
. ,'.' •· ;,;B31.3!nterpretations No. 15. .' , . _•.__.:"., _. ,,>..' 15·19.15·20
~'"--'.:~~" ,-~·f~.A~i.~.~'''~~~fi\~~-,,;:':::-~~,J)4~~;'_~~~.';·~. )_··~"··~"-';·:""~;';""""'.:;'i: ....'';.·:~,·.~..,,:·,
. . .....:.:~"' . ':.: ':'-Interpretation: '15-19
. .. "'" ..,{,.' ' ...•....."..'."! .. - • <,..,.-," . '~'.. ~
."H' r;.:: ~_:~t~.~l'~~.i~:t$rY4,1.:~·::'-'·\'~~~~~~~·.;ft' . ~-r, ,,".~.~.?,~ ,..- •. :,~~.~ •. ~. "!":f"-;';~W'_: . " ", ,'~'-,,-, .. "~.' -,:" ,"~. -.-. '" .-~~ -'j.-' .".: • ~"_"'r'~'~'" ~
-:' -'-;,.. .,.
" ,:·, ....~.:;·,,:.-,'"'~,.,.SubJect:,,~;:~;<~,<~/ASME B31.3-1996 EdItIon, Para.·.328.2.3,.Performance Quahficatlon by Others'"

,-., .• - ,..'",' . -.• ",' ".- ;,··,.··-'·.;,4 ...·:..; ...•·· ;.C. '." ....
'.,.~ ,:"t.".::~,:; '.\,~, ....::tt~-,l: "J..:';. .t !,'$':'".:.... ;'<"'"-,.;~,' .......,.-' :.. . _ , ' . "'.'- ' .......
.-::.::"....: . ;:,i:,?:~11:P~t~1~su.~:~.~~~~, Qc!o'?er 30, .1996~'::~;'::':''':':~'~'' ~,:,::.._...

:,:'.1:. ,,. ::,;·,,:;;;;~'-":":;';';f,:~:~"""'~l '~-(::~:,~\~:·~."~~X*a,~~~J~~,.,..~~t-:";-.".)\ l~~!·_·,·, \""":·M~1f,.':·.~_~~... "\~.• ~",: >,I.~~ ~ '~\ .~,' . '';-' ':.~. . "'.-; .
File: B31-96-037
Question: In' accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 328!2.3, is it acceptable for an
employer to accept a welder performance qualification previously conducted by an organization whose
. welder qualification program, with the exception of testing under the full supervision and control of the
manufacturer, contractor, assembler, or installer, complies fully with the provisions of ASME Section
IX?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B3L3-1993 Edition, Hardness Testing
File: B31-96-039
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition require P-No. 1 carbon steel welds, hot bends, and
hot-formed Components locally heat treated to be hardness tested? . '>-0.'"
Reply: No.
)
-- .)
,f '.-.
181
·/ .. :..' .' ;~.~l _;.... .»;; ., ;"": '.' .-;...• '.~. , •. )...:•• ~........,'.'" r.•"", .'~1r'-·':;·1''':~.\>O ~~·...:4.•"',::·4/"":,.. ~.:'\.<,,,::~.·,;~·~ . . . ·.·o>·...':·.... U:;.l.\.:U:;:O",; ~.~:,"'.... ;o':~;:.'4...... . ;. ',.~., .'; ,.: :.~.,;",,:.'j"(.;
," . ' SUbject:;l;:;\~T'tJiM~,:;e~1

.. 3a.;.t?~3.A:ddenda; Paras~.342and 344.2, Examination
......~, ' .
',--' ";' Date Issued:,";"'~.~October30,~1996';':·.>;<·'~··"·,;"""",~,~:,,,,\,,·f""""'~;'~-,,"-:':,-..... ,•..•. '.~.:' ...:. ,- "''':
.' 'J: '"\-''' ,;",,#~-;-~;,i:~~:",\,:<ol·tt. . 't'd.l'·~i.';;~;:"~·'·'"1.":.';;'".. ~,.".",f9s.·"'-L .~. ,-.',.,-, •.• '~~. ",' "".',;' ."'.:' . '::\).. " .' . , .•', •• ' ....
.;, '~.7',\;~~..::(.'.t;.<.,., ",'-:'. ,(,~ :~~,,~·~~itjI~'f:~.I:~~.I~il~til:t~'i;;'!~ttl;';l;~,,;..~~,,:t·ii.~.;~'.,;, .. :,i.~1t'~"'''~r;:~~l:·'t'''~;~:''l.,
# ':-':·I~~.~ :-.,.·~t\:4.'~"_:"'::i~~;·~ .. '•.~ ..,," ,,.,'" ""'··'~r"r,.':;:· '. '0"
File: B31-96-041
Question (I): Does'ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda,' paras: 342 and/or 344.2 require that personnel
performing visual examinations required by paras. 341.4 artd 344.7 be qualified and certified in accord-
ance with SNT-TC-IA, Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification and
Certification? .
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda, paras. 342 and/or 344.2 require that personnel
performing visual examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be qualified and certified to AWS
QCI, Standard for Qualification and Certification of Welding Inspectors?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda, paras. 342 and 344.2 permit that the visual
examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be performed by personnel that (1) meet the physical
requirements of ASME BPV Code. Section V, Article 9, (2) are competent to perform visual examination
in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures and (3) the employer certifies and makes
available reco~ds of the examiner which show dates and results of qualifications?
'~);''-" '.' ; '~-""'" ",,:,.'
d.'...... ,'~ 'I, ,:.1 "~~'.' .~.:. .'; .~;~~::....,:.;.• ;:j1~:;;A:.t,,; ;....r:·~i~. ~:$ . ·~~~:,:···:,·,:':::... " ._ _ ."<\;:":"~~;" .; .~ ,'..•.~~, < • •
examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be performed by personnel that (I) meet the physiCal
requirements of ASME BPV Code Section C, Article 9, (2) have training and experience commensurate
' ...•;,,,,,,,,:"'.,.with
.. ,-\lIe.
the needs
''' ,,' "
~<'''~.:''_'':''''.''» l ,i.. " " ..", .'
ofthe,visual~tions
,,'., ..,•.,•.. ,"-.. '
required
. . ,'., . . ' ..
"~"""'_
by , ' paras. 341.4. and 344.7, (3) have demonstrated__ "",'
~ ):.~:'" .,~ '''''\~''.' ~. >" ",,", . ''','.. ,- " ,
- .. ·1t..t.·I¥r~~,competence t?perf0nn thevisWl1 exan1inations using th~ employer'swritten procedures througbwritten~:-., . '. . '
,,'{\;, '.' "~{~~~;"~*8nd'p~caf~tiiig1ldiDuristered bYJhe emj,ioyer,and (4) the employer certifieS and makes available'·;~,>'.} "', ~'" ".-'
.....' ", .' ., .•. ' . recordS of the eXaminer which show dates and results of qualification? .' .' . , .
:f'it,i.k~~~*~;;,;'if~t·""i~i.'ff;;;!};~~~~~*&;\f;'''i~f:;:';~;;iJ.~i:.'.~·''f4r{;~~t·",~~~(JI~¥);;:·''·~;{<;f,~J.',I,i;;'?;X S·+:¥1\;,.. !;it}\:~;:;t.~~$\;\~fi:.' ..•.,
Reply (4):.Yes. ;:,\",
....
...... J, .."; ...,-:
':.~ '
182
C. 'r .~:,' -"""" ... \,,!.,,,,...'<,,,,,·!",;:if~~~,.~~~?'~*~~~t,:;'-:\~'t")~,}.,.).,·,,~ I"~,' :'-': -
• • < ':j~';"::: ,;~~."l~: ...'rt:: ~::~~if<\,_~~'~'~I.i. ;i~~l:"(:.(:O:fi/~.: :'Z"'"-i '::;':':;~~i ,i~ci t.,;.'. -" \.,::,',:>.r,
~'~' " -",'..., _c.:'>",~ ~.,,, .•,,,• ..., •.',..y;{' .... 'l*"". ·.. ··"1 ._-~':j.t.~"I·, .... ~"'t·,;·tt:':.,;J?''!'_~·._\ ~~~~~"'~-":!>""'~'~"1'\~·-·'~<':"." .
\,' -.,
t. ,.-.}r:'· ~ ~.~~.:; ,.~at~. _~~sued~~~~;(~:r~·~ <?c~~b~~"".~~~. !!~~;;.~~;:,~:i~:7tj:~~·~~;:~':;~:·:t~:t:~;:~)~2;;f;:,::·:::t·_~/.~·~::~-~~
: .
.1l.,,".!t'- ,.-."~':-";': ·),p;.;("";1,l)!;~.'t;;!<';: ~;·~~n·.,)r~~,;:i.-t";:~,,l;),._"-~/;;"'·~~,.~.':l-tf4'\; ..~~";l~·:'~'f.~~\:"fltj~t;,'t~~jJ~~~W~.tJ:).t:~,":~j;,t,~;.~t~'i*;~;,f,~'t? {>('\.~ .,;..~.;r.t~~. 'i(,' ;'~'::~"_ ,..:~: ',\?; :<''': .'li' ,~.j,:'~;::"'ln~t-':-
File: B31-96-043
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. X302.2.a. is a pneumatic leak check
of an expansion joint at a test pressure of 110% of the design pressure, in accordance with para. 345.5,
an acceptable test? /,. '".
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-96-044
Question: In accordance with ASME B31. 3-1996 Edition, when qualifying welding procedures
which require impact testing, is the thickness range qualified to T /2 to T + V. in. rather than the range
given in ASME Section IX, QW-403.1O?
Reply: Yes, provided the criteria and thickness limits specified in ASME Section IX, para. QW-
403.10 are not exceeded. See ASME B31.3, Table 323.3.1, box A-5.
'.. _,.,:~·~.~j~:;.;.,:~;~:,;~:,lrt~~~;j!0g;';:i;!;~;;~,!~£:,;',::J;~;~~~·i~:'~ff~;S:It.\~~~:;:~;:,~r,~-~; "";" ': ".,'.,~ ,~, . ,{; .,,;,;~ ,',' ':., ;;:~:~~,:':: '",:::~_;;:, , . . 1;-
:~. ,' i. :; .":~~', :~ :~:,,,,. Subject; n.:;. >~;,.~ASME 1331.3-1996"Edition, ,Par~: 3i9~3:t(b), The~~ Expansion Data <' ; : . :
File: B31-96-045
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 319.3.1(b), must all thermal
conditions of a piping system be evaluated for reactions on equipment?
"...'.'.-
·':"'<;~';:''';"'~::'':'''·':''''';''':~~·);:?!'·Question(2):.D~ ASME B31.3 provide specific ~lowable piping load limits for end reactions on
".", ':·;.~t,,;·~;, ;~,"' ;;equipment? .:;'~,~:~:'.,:l·:~.·:·";~~,~i~~'.~::;.:.:~~;;':",~"i;:~~·:;:';:2!::;/:;·~~~:/. ~~!t "..'.. :',;'.;'",.....;, . ",'''".', __
Reply (2): No.
183
-~---~~------_ ..~ - - - -
15-25. 15-26 .{' ...,.. ...".;.. ..... ,i,.;.,.;.,..".,.\ ,,,,, ..B31.3.lnterpretations No..-15
,. ~", .
-, :'SubjeCt;':';::'~~" ''''.:ASME B31:3c-1995Add~~&:·P;;:·32i2".'2.'ici~;'T~iri~~t~ie:ii;i~:"~is~ed ,,,'" .

r·." "-"C' , " . Materials .., ~.'" "'~'"'>"'" ,.,.,;."... ",
_", . . . ~.._~~... ";""":",'~"''''''''':'' _.,... j. _.•.• ;,,- .•.. ~.~.' ._, .:"".,~ -',0 ". _"" . . ,,_>
l .}.. ,<It' <",:.pate' ISsued: _~:. -.. . October 30, 1996 ,:.-l,:,';.:--•.: ,,~.";"'(~"'.!"';:"-~~''::'~'!''~'''':'-i,',-;'l;~!:'-:-::';::.;..o;;..:.:~'~,~-,,-:l,..tl·it~:i~~;"1,;~,~~}{~~~·in'.I;'~:';'~"'('~':";' .~,:,:>~:,,:·,·t'·;"""-~(:"':;~ ;;~. "",,; F~;!~'J,..~r:,~ ~~"",-~,\ ',,--.'
File: B31-96-047
'.' , ..•• " c .
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 323.2.2 and Table 323.2.2. does
P-No. 1 carbon steel subject to metal temperaturesbetween -20"F and -SO"F with coincident pressure
in excess of 25% of the maximum allowable design pressure require impact testing?
Reply: Yes, except as provided in Note (5) of Table 323.2.2,
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Metallic Valves Lined with a Nonmetal
File: B31-96-049
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition prohibit the use of a metallic valve lined with a·
nonmetal in Category M Fluid Service?
", .., ....... ".,.\ -~ ;'.
\
Reply (I): No. "
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition address a sensitive leak test for a metallic valve lined
with a nonmetal? --
184
ASME B31.3
General Information
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 831 Committee concerning 831.3 as part
of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological
order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Addenda stated in the interpretation, or if none is
stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation. Subsequent
revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters, except for a few typographical and editorial
corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity. In some instances, a review of the interpretation
revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases! a revised reply bearing the original
". interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional information
is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved by
an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated in' the
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to Appendix Z.
.~
" Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpretations
..;'I by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume I up to
'J
185
J~""':'
,, .
• '1
B31.3
Interpretation File No.
Para, 300(c)(3). Intent of the Code, , , . 16-12 831-97-0268

Para. 302.2.1. Prssure-Temperature Design Criteria - Listed Components 16-18 831-97-038
Having Established Ratings , ' 0 • 0 ••••
Para. 302.3.2. Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads 16-04 831-96-057
and Displacement Strains ,.,',
Parol. 302.3.5, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and 16-11 831-97-024
Displacement Strolins ,, .
Para. 304.1.1. Pressure Design of Components ' 16-14 831-97-029
Para. 328.5.2. Welding Requirements - Fillet and Socket Welds , ,. 16-06 831-96-0588
Parol. 331.1.6. Temperolture Verification . 16-09 831-97-013
Para. 332.2.2(a). 8ending Temperature . 16-08 831-97-001
Parol. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination , ,' 16-01 831-96-053
Para. 341.3.4. Progressive Examination . 16-02 831-96-054
Para. 341.3.4. Progressive Examination . 16-05 831-96-058A
Para. 344, Types of Examination , .. 16-13 831-97-028
Para. 345. Leak Testing ," ' 16-03 831-96-055
Table 302.3.5. Stress-Range Reduction Factors ' . 16-10 831-97-014
Table 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon 14-12R 831-95-018
Steel Materials ' .
Table 341.3.2A. Examination Acceptance Criteria :.. 16-07 831-96-060
Flanged 8all Valves . 16-16 831-97-036
Tapered Pipe Thread Joints . 16-15 831-97-0~2
Tubing in Category M Fluid Service . 16-17 831-97-037
to';
\!';'"
~.
• 187
~
~
"
831.3 Interpretations No. 16 14·12R, 16-01, 16-02
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for
Carbon Steel Materials
File: 831-95-018
fittings manufactured from A 312 welded TP304 pipe without the use of weld metal deposits and used at
design temperatures of -425°F or above.
Reply: No. See Table 323.2.2. Column A.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination
File: B31-96-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, if a
defective weld is repaired, found defective again, repaired a second time and again found to be defective,
is it necessary to ex.amine two additional items for each failed repair?
Reply: No. See para. 341.3.3.
(
'.',~."
,
.' ~, .'
"
File: B31-96-054
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A and para. 341.3.4, when
the engineering design specifies more stringent acceptance criteria for normal fluid service, do the
requirements of para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, still apply?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, for nonnal fluid service, when a particular
one hundred welds constitute a designated lot, welder "A" completes three welds and two are radiographed
to acceptance, and welder "B" completes ninety-seven welds and five are radiographed to acceptance, do
all welds in the lot, after visual and leak tests, meet the requirements of the Code?
Reply (2): Yes, provided no other welds in the designated lot were examined showing unacceptabel
defects.
189
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 345, Leak Testing
File: 831-96-055
,
Question (I): In accordance with AS ME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 345. I(b)', with a system design
pressure of 150 psig at 200°F, and where a hydrostatic pressure test is impractical, does a pneumatic test
at 150 psig or 110% of d,esign pressure, whichever is less, satisfy the requirements of the Code?
Reply (I): No. See para. 345.5.4.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, under the above conditions, would testing
in accordance with para. 345.9 be required?
Reply (2): No. Use of the alternative leak test is permitted only if the conditions of para. 345.1 (c) are met.
Subject: ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 302.3.2, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads
and Displacement Strains
File: 831-96-057
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, p"ra. 302.3.5, shall the longitudinal
sustained stresses, SL, be evaluated in the installed and all operating positions of the pipe relative to its
supports and restraints?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 83 I .3a- I996 Addenda, para. 302.3.5. is there an allowable
operating stress for the combination of longitudinal sustained stresses and displacement stresses, not
displacemeilt stress ranges?
Reply (2): No. See para. 319.2.3.
190
~ubject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination
File: 831-96-058A
Question (I): A welder's production welds experience some rejections. The welder is retained and
requalified. In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, does
the Code require more stringent examination of this welders welds?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, can the two additional joints
examined after a defective joint is found to be counted as part of the 5% random radiography requirement?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 328.5.2, Welding Requirements - Fillet and Socket Welds
File: 831-96-0588
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 328.5.2 and Fig. 328.5.2c, what is the
, i minimum gap acceptable in a socket-welded joint after welding?
Reply: The '116 in. approximate gap shown in Fig. 328.5.2c is "before welding." The Code does not
provide a gap dimension after welding.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, Examination Acceptance Criteria
File: 831-96-060
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, in the radiographic examination
of girth and miter groove welds, can a densitometer be used to evaluate root concavity?
Reply: The Code does not address the use of a densitometer for this purpose.
191 .
--~~--'-------------
16-08, 16·09, 16-10 831.3 Interpretations No. 16
Interpretation: 16-08 (
Subject: AS ME B31.3-1996 Edition, Para. 332.2.2(a), Bending Temperature
Date Issued: May 20. 1997
File: B31-97-001
,
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, paras. 332.2.2(a) and (b), are the transfonnation
ranges used in B31.3 considered to be the lower critical temperatures in ASME B31.1-1995 Edition, para.
129.3.1?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 331.1.6, Temperature Verification
File: B31-97-013
Question: In accordance will:} ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 331.1.6, can a thennocouple be laid
on a part being heat treated as opposed to being attached?
Reply: The Code requires only that temperature be checked by thennocouple, pyrometers, or other
suitable methods to ensure that WPS requiremeilts are met. It does not otherwise address positioning or
C'·'
attachment of thennocouples, except for a pennissive statement in para. 330.1.3(b) allowing attachment by
capacitor discharge method without procedure and perfonnance qualific:ations. ;'.
"~'r
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Table 302.3.5, Stress-Range Reduction Factors
File: B31-97-014
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, does the stress range reduction factor,
/. as listed in Table 302.3.5 and provided in equation (I c) depend on the material of construction?
Reply (I): No, except see para. 319.3.4(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Appendix D, do the stress intensification
factors. i; and ill depend on the material of construction?
Reply (2): No.
c·.;·
....
~ -
.'
~
192
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 302.3.5. Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads
File: B31-97-024
Question (I): In accordance with AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 302.3.5. is the stress range reduction
factor independent of 'the material of construction?
Reply (I): Yes; however. see para. 319.3.4(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. are the stress intensification factors
listed in Appendix D independent of the material of construction?
Reply: Yes; however. see para. 319.3.4(b).
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 3OO(c)(3), Intent of the Code
Date Issued: November 10. 1997
File: B31-97-026B
Question (I): Maya piping designer use para. 3OO(c)(3) of AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda and apply a
more rigorous analysis to qualify the design and acceptance criteria 0f piping where the Code requirements
employ a simplified approach?
Reply (I): Yes. if the designer can demonstrate the validity of the approach to the owner.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. does a piping system that has been designed
in accordance with the Code but not fabricateq or assembled as specified by the engineering design, comply
with the Code if a more rigorous analysis proves it suitable for the service intended?
Reply (2): No. See para. 300.2. Definitions - Assembly and Erection. Also, see para. 341.3.2.
r.
"
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 344. Types of Examination
".
. Date Issued: November 10. 1997
File: B31-97-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. para. 344. does the Code contain instruction
or restrictions regarding the design of a designated lot of piping?
Reply: No. other than the definition in Note 2 of para. 344. I.3.
193
--~._--~----~-_ ... __._ .. _ -----

16·14, 16·15, 16-16 831.3 Interpretations No. 16
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Design of Components
File: B31-97-029
,
Question: For subsea production systems where ASME B31.3 is required, can the internal design gage
pressure, P, in paras. 304.1.1 and 304.1.2 be interpreted as coincident internal design gage pressure minus
external gage pressure? .
Reply: Yes; however, when the coincident external gage pressure is greater than the internal gage pressure,
the design shall be in accordance with para. 304.1.3.
Subject: AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Tapered Thread Joints
File: B31-97-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, does the Code permit the use of tapered
pipe thread joints?
Reply: Yes, provided the joints comply with the provisions of paras. 314 and 335.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Flanged Ball Valves
File: B31-97-036
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, are flanged ball valves where the ball is held in
place by a threaded retainer plug in which the end of the plug forms some or all of the flange face prohibited
from use in Category M Fluid Service?
Reply: No.
194
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Tubing in Category M Fluid Service
File: 831-97-037
,
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, is tubing with flared, flareless, and compression
tubing joints prohibited for Category M lluid service in sizes larger than 16 mm <% in.) O. D. for piping
other than instrumentation signal lines in contact with process fluids and process temperature-pressure
conditions?
Reply: No. Also, see Interpretation 2-13.
Subject: ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 302.2.1 , Pressure-Temperature Design Criteria - Listed
Components Having Established Ratings
File: 831-97-038
Question: When selecting a flange on the basis of pressure-temperature rating given in AS ME 816.5.
in accordance with ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 302.2.1, is it required to consider any external
forces and moments acting on the llange?
Reply: Yes. See para. 303.
195
c......
/~
-"
ASME B31.3

April 1, 1998 Through November 31, 1999
General Information
revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply bearing the original
interpretation number with the suffix Ris presented.
an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated in the
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endor~"
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to Appendix·Z.

by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume I up to
(. ,~.
~/'
1.97 .
-- ~--~-~------------------
B31.3
Appendix V. Allowahle Variation in Elevated Temperature Service . 17-17 831-98-026

Para. JIKI.2. Defining Piping Components . 17-23 B31·99-0I2
Pam. JOI.J. Design Tempenllures . 17-07 831-98-006
Parol. 302.2.2. Listed Components Not Having 5pecilic Ratings . 17-11 831-98-017
Parol. 302.2.4. Allowances for Pressure and Temperolture Variation , . 17-12 831-98-019A
Para. 302.3.5(c). Longitudinal Stress . 17-18 831·99~004
Para. 302.3.5(dl. Limits of Calculation Stresses Due to Sustained Loads 17-04 831-97-048 '
and Displacement Strains .
Parol. 304.3.3. Reinforcement of Welded 8ranch Connections . 17-26 831-99-022
Parol. 322.3. Instrument Piping . 17-24 831-99-013
Para. 323.1.1. Listed Materials . 17-09 831-98-009
Pam. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials and Unlisted Components for Metallic 17-08 831-98-008
Piping Lined With Nonmetals .
Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials . 17-01 831·97-044
Pam. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness . 17·13 831-98-020
Para. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness . 17-21 831-99-010
Para. 335.1.1 (el. Alignment of Flanged Joints . 17-25 831-99-020
Para. 335.2.3. Boll Length . 17-20 831·99-009
Para. 340.4. Qualification of the Owner's Inspector . 17-15 831-98-023
Parol. 345. Testing . 17·30 B31·99-o28
()', Para. 345.2.3Ic). Special Provisions for Testing of Closure Welds , 17-28 831-99-025
".- Para. 345.1IIhl. Sensitive Leak Test . 17-02 831-97-046
Para. 345.9.J<al. Allernative Leak Test Examination of Welds . 17-10 831-98-011
Para. 345.9.I(h). Ahernative Leak Test Examination of Welds . 17-05 831.97-049
Para. A322.6. Pressure Relieving Devices ' . 17·29 831-99-027
Para. A3211.2.5(h)(I). Qualilication Test Pressure . 17-06 831·98-001
Pam. K3IXl(a). Applicahility of High' Pressure Piping . 17-16 831-98-025
Parol. 1014.2. Special Threaded Joints . 17-19 831-99-008
Para. K3211.2.1 (a). Welding Qualilication Requirements . 17-27 831·99-024
Tahle 302.3.4. Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor . 17-14 831-98-022
Tahle 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 17-22 831·99-011
Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds ' . 17-03 831-97-047
199
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials
File: B31-97-044
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997. does Table 300.1.1 apply to materials that are
not listed in Table A-I but are listed in ASME BPVC Section IX?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, does Table 331.1.1 apply to materials that are
Reply (2): Yes, unless the provisions of para. 331.2.2 are satisfied.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 345.8(b), Sensitive Leak Test
File: B31-97-046
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. 345.8(b), must the test pressure for a sensitive
leak test be greater than 15 psi?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-97-047
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, Table 341.3.2. is the maximum allowable height of
reinforcement or internal protrusion. in any plane through the weld. listed in "L" for each face of the ~eld?
Reply: Yes. See also Interpretation 9-04.
201
17-04. 17-05. 17-06 B31.3 Interpretations No. 17
Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5(d), Limits of Calculation Stresses Due to Sustained
Loads and Displacement Strains
File: 831-97-048
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997, para. 302.3.5(d), may the number of cycles, Nj ,
in Equation (I d) exceed 2,000,000 cycles?
Reply (I): Yes; however, see also Note (5) of Equation (Ic) for limits on the equivalent number of full
displacement cycles, N.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997, para. 302.3.5(d), Equation (Id), is it required to
combine thermal displacement cycles with displacement cycles due to other conditions such as wave motion.
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 345.9.1 (b), Alternative Leak Test Examination of Welds
File: 831-97-049
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.9. I (b). may the liquid penetrant
method be used to examine a weld on a magnetic material?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition; Para. A328.2.5(b)( I), Qualification Test Pressure
File: 831-98-001
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, can the pressure design thickness be used
instead of the nominal thickness in Equation (27) of para. A328.2.5(b)(I), to calculate the qualification
pressure?
Reply: No.
p.. . .
~'
'-.
202
B31.3 Interpretations No. 17 17-07. 17-08. 17-09
i .• ~.;.:.~
Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda; Para. 301.3. Design Temperatures
File: 831-98-006
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997. para. 301.3. should fire case temperature or pressures
be considered to satistY, the requirements of para. 301.2. in establishing the design conditions of piping
that may be exposed to an accidental fire?
Reply: The Code does not require the consideration of accidental fire cases when establishing the piping
design conditions. except as required to meet the pressure relief requirements of para. 322.6.3. See also
para. 300(c)(5).
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials and Unlisted Components for Metallic
Piping Lined With Nonmetals
File: 831-98-008
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. may unlisted metallic materials be used
in the manufacture of metallic piping components lined with non-metals?
Reply (I): Yes. See para. A323.1.
Question (2): In aC,cordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. may pressure containing metallic piping
components (lined with non-metals). not manufactured in accordance, with a listed standard and for which
"
the rules in para. 304 (other than para. 304.7.2) do not apply. be qualified for use under this Code?
Reply (2): Yes. See paras. A300(d) and 304.7.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 323.1.1. Listed Materials
"
File: 831-98-009
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997. are classes 12. 13.22. and 23 of ASTM A 671.
A 672. and A 691 the only listed materials in the Code for these specifications?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): Is it a requirement that listed pipe and tube materials in ASME 831.3 be hydrotested by
the manufacturer? .
Reply (2): Yes. See the requirements of the listed specifications and Note (76) of Appendix A.
c, "
"--
203
17-10. 17-11. 17·12 831.3 Interpretations No. 17
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1 (a), Alternative Leak Test Examination of Welds
File: B31-98-0I I
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. 345.9. I(a), is 100% UT examination an accept-
able substitute for 100% radiography?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.2.2, Listed Components Not Having Specific Ratings
Date Issued: November II, 1998
File: B31-98-0 17
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-I997, if a fitting is manufactured to ASME B16.9 and a
listed material specitication that includes a reference to Note (16) of Appendix A, may the user establish
the pressure-tempenllure rating in accordance with para. 302.2.2, without applying a weld joint quality
factor in accordance with para. 302.3.4?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variation'
Date Issued: November I I, 1998
File: B3I-98-019A
Question ( I): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3b-I997, para. 302.2.4, are the allowable variations permitted
in this paragraph only applicable when the increased pressure is less than or equal to the test pressure used
in accordance with para. 345'!
Reply (1 ): Yes.
Question (2): When establishing the maximum allowable relieving pressure permitted in accordance with
para. 322.6.3(c), may the test pressure used in accordance with para. 345 be exceeded?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the maximum relieving pressure requirements of ASME BPVC Section VIII,
Division I are met?
204
/~
,.._ F.
I\ ..... .'
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness
File: B31-98-020
Background IQuestion (1)/: An integrally-reinforced branch connection fitting is welded externally tq a

pipe that has a wall thicker than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT, and the branch pipe
has a wall thickness thinner than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT.
Question (1 a): In accordance with ASME B3 1.3b- I997, does the thickness of the branch pipe attached
to the branch connection fitting have any effect on whether the weld between the branch connection and
the main pipe requires PWHT?
Reply (I a): No.
Question (I b): Does the weld throat thickness between the branch connection fitting and main pipe have
any effect on whether this joint requires PWHT?
Reply (Ib): Yes. See para. 33 I. l.3(a).
Question (I c): Does the thickness of the branch connection fitting have any effect on whether this joint
requires PWHT?
Reply (Ic): No. See para. 33 I. l.3(a).
,./; '
", f Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3b- I997, para. 331.13, if the header has a wall thickness
less than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT, would the deciding factor for carrying out
PWHT be whether the throat thickness of the joint is greater than twice the minimum material thickness
requiring PWHT?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: AS ME B31.3-I993 Edition, Table 302.3.4, Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor
·-1
File: 831-98-022
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, is it permissible to increase Ej for ASTM
A 312 EFW pipe to 1.00 by 100% radiography?
Reply: Yes. See Table 302.3.4.
205
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 340.4, Qualification of the Owner's Inspector
File: B31-98-023
Question: In accordance with AS ME B31.3b-1997, may the owner's inspector and the installing contrac-
tor's examiner both be employed by the same organization?
Reply: Yes, provided all requirements of para. 340.4 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. K3OO(a), Applicability of High Pressure Piping
File: B31-98-025
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. K3OO(a), is it mandatory that the owner of
a piping system designate it as being in High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with Chapter IX when
the system pressure exceeds that allowed by ASME B16.5, PN 420 (Class 2500) rating?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. K3OO(a), can piping be designated by the
owner as being in High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with Chapter IX and be designed to Chapter
IX, even if this results in a wall thickness that is less than that required by design in accordance with
Chapters I through VI?
Reply (2): Yes; however, when piping is so designated, Chapter IX shall be applied in its entirety.
206
831.3 Interpretations No, 17 17-17. 17-18
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Appendix V, Allowable Variation in Elevated Temperature Service
File: B31-98-026
Question (I ): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, when evaluating variations in elevated temperature
service in accordance with Appendix V, must the design temperature established in accordance with para.
301.3 be high enough such that the corresponding allowable stress value in Table' A-I !s based on creep
criteria?
Reply (I): No; however, if the maximum temperature experienced during the variations is where the
creep properties control design, Appendix V applies. Note that the word "design" in para. V302(c) does
not apply and will be deleted by errata from a future edition of the Code.
Question (2): When some varying conditions are below the creep range and some are in the creep range,
does ASME B31.3b-1997, Appendix V require that conditions below the creep range be included in the
calculation of the usage factor in accordance with para. V303.~'?
Reply (2): No. See para. V302(c).
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, when determining if Table A-I allowable stress
values are based upon creep criteria, may the maximum temperature in Tables 2A or 2B of ASME BPVC
Section II, Part D be used as the highest temperature, which is below the range of values based upon the
creep criteria?
Reply (3): Yes. See Footnote 2 to para. 302.3.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5(c), Longitudinal Stress
.. Date Issued: July I, 1999

File: B31-99-004
Question (I): Shall longitudinal stresses due to the misalignment of piping during assembly, or intentional
cold spring, be included as a longitudinal sustained stress in accordance with para. 302.3.5(c)?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Is it required to include the stresses due to misalignment of piping during assembly or
intentional cold spring in the calculation of displacement stress range in accordance with para. 319.2.3?
Reply (2): No. See para. 319.2.I(c).
Question (3): Shall axial stresses due to the imposed displacements be considered in the evaluation of
the displacement stress range'?
Reply (3): Yes. See para. 319.2.3(c).
\'.' :.
V~~.
'.
207
.',
~--------
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Para. K314.2. Special Threaded Joints
Date Issued: July I. 1999
File: B31-99-oo8
Question (I ): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. is a hammer union. whose male and female
ends are butt welded to the piping. considered a Special Threaded Joint as defined in para. K314.2?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3- I996 Edition. can a threaded joint that does not meet
the requirements of para. K314.2 be qualified Jor High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with the
requirements of para. K304.7.2?
Reply (2): Yes. provided the requirements of para. K3I4.3 are also met.
Subject: ASME B3 I.3c- I998 Addenda. Pam. 335.2.3. Bolt Length
File: B31-99-009
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. Para. 335.2.3. if a bolt fails to extend beyond its nut
and no more than one thread is visible inside the nut. is the bolt considered acceptably engaged?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Para. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness
File: B31-99-010
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. pam. 331.1.3. if the thicker of two components is
machined before welding. in accrodance with pam. 328.4.2. to match the thickness of the thinner component.
is the resulting matching thickness at the weld joint used in determining the requirements for PWHT?
Reply: Yes.
208
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-99-0 II
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. Table 341.3.2. is surface porosity acceptable on
the crown or external surface of a groove weld that is greater than Y'c> in. in nominal thickness'!
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3I.3c-1998. Table 341.3.2. is surface porosity acceptable on
the crown of a 14 in. fillet weld'?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Para. 300.2. Defining Piping Components
File: B31-99-012
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. are pressure containing components such as strainers.
filters. knock-out pots. holding pots and other devices that serve such purposes as mixing. separating.
(, snubbing. distributing. and metering or controlling flow included in the scope of this Code?
Reply: Yes. unless the Owner specifies another code. See definition of "piping components" (para.
300.2)
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Panl. 322.3. Instrument Piping
File: B31-99-0 13
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. are instrument piping components (such as' tubing.
compression fittings. barstock valves. etc.) outside of a piping isolation valve (piping root valve) within
the scope of ASME B3 I.3'!
Reply: Yes. See para. 322.3.
':,'
,
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,
209
r.··
....
Interpretation: 17-25 ~<"-
Subj~ct: ASME 831.3-1996' Edition, Para. 335.1.1 (c), Alignment of Flanged Joints

File: 831-99-020
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 335.1.1 (c), does the specified tolerance
apply to each individual flange, measured to the design plane, or to the total misalignment between two
mating flanges?
Reply (I): It applies to each individual flange, measured to the design plane.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-.1996 Edition, para. 335. 1.1 (c), do the requirements apply
to all pipe sizes and pressure rating classes?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections
File: 831-99-022
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, can the rules in para. 304.3.3 be used for the
pressure design of a Tee, machined from stock with a remaining block shape, that does not confonn to a
listed standard?
Reply: Yes; however, see paras. 304.3.5 and 300(c).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Pam. K328.2.1 (a), Welding Qualification Requirements
File: 831-99-024
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, para. K328.2.1 (a). must the perfonnance
qualilication test coupons for each welder and welding operator be impact tested?
Reply: Yes.
210
---_.-----~~--~-- .~-
831.3 Interpretations No. 17 17·28. 17-29. 17-30
".",
t',> .
I ",
Subject: ASME B31.3- i 999 Edition, Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing of Closure Welds
File: B31-99-025
Question (I): Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345.2.3(c) require that the described examinations
be performed for closure welds connecting piping systems or components that have been successfully tested
in accordance with para. 345?
Reply (I): No. The weld may be leak tested in accordance with para. 345.1 instead.
Question (2): Can weld connecting a flange to a piping system be considered a closure weld?
Reply (2): Yes, but if the weld is to be examined in accordance with para. 345.2.3(c), the flange, as well
as the piping system must have been successfully tested.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. A322.6, Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-99-027
Question: Are pressure relieving devices installed in accordance with ASME B31.3- I999 Edition, para.
A322.6 required to meet ASME BPVC Section VIII, Division I, UO-136(b)(3)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Pam. 345, Testing
File: B31-99-028
.,
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345, may the test pressure exceed the
maximum allowable internal pressure, P"" for a miter bend in accordance with para. 304.2.3? .
Reply: Yes.
~." ,
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.;
211
ASME B31.3

December 1, 1999 through March 31, 2001
General Information
interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
For detailed instructions-on preparation of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to Appendix Z.

213
B31.3
Appendix D, Thickness of a Welding Tee ; , ,, . 18-18 831-00-044

Para. 300(c), General Statements, " 18-09 831-00-013
Para. 302.3.5(c), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and 1~16 831-00-032
Displacement Strains .....................•. , .. , .......•.......... , .
Para. 304.2.2., Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe , , .. , 18-06 831-00-010
Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range ...•.... , ," ,. 18-13 831-00-029
Para. 328.2.3, Perfonnance Qualification by Others , , . 18-08 831-00-012
Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness , " 18-02 831-00-003
Para. 331.2, Heat Treatment Specific Requirements .. , , .. 18-04 831-00-006
Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Sampling for Examination , , . 18-01 831-OO..()02
Para. 341.4.1(b)(I). Examination Nonnally Required , , 18-14 831-00-030
Para. 344. Types of Examination ,., , . 18-11 831-ClO-01S
Para. 344.2, Visual Examination , •......... , ,.,., . 18-17 831-00-043
Para, 345.2.2(a), Other Test Requirements , . 18-10 831-00-016
Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressure , " ,. 18-03 831-Q0.004
Para. 345.9.1, Alternative Leak Test , ,' , .. , ,. 18-15 831-00-031
Para. A328.2.1(b), 80nding Qualification Requirements , .. , , , , 18-05 831-00-009
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals, " , , . 18-12 831-00-028
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals , , . 17-09R 831-00-028
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds , . 18-07 831-00-011
214
Subject: ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, Para. 34l.3.4(a), Progressive Sampling for Examination
File: B3l-00-002
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, if a welding operator's weld is rejected
and the repair is made by another welding operator, does para. 341.3.3 require the repair weld be examined?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, may the two additional welds required by
para. 341.3.4(a) be examined at the same time as the above referenced repair weld?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness
File: B3l-00-003
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, para. 331.1.3, can the governing thickness
for the heat treatment of branch connection welds in Fig. 328.5.40 be calculated or determined by means
other than the formulas provided in para. 331.1.3(a)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, para. 331.1.3, shall the governing through-
weld thickness for the heat treatment of branch connection welds in accordance with Fig. 328.5.40 be
calculated in accordance with the formulas provided in para. 331.1.3(a), even if a dimension through the
weld may be greater than calculated by the formulas?
Reply (2): Yes.
215
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressure
File: B31-oo-004
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345.4.2(b), when a piping system is
constructed of different materials, shall the stress values, Sr and S, from each of the individual points in
the system be used to calculate the required test pressure for that point in the system in accordance with
Eq. (24)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, when the required test pressure for individual
points in a piping system differ, and the system is tested as a whole, may any point in the piping system
be subjected to a pressure less than its required test pressure in accordance with Eq. (24)?
Reply (2): No, except as provided for in paras. 345.4.2(b), 345.4.2(c), and 345.4.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 331.2, Heat Treatment Specific Requirements
File: B31-oo-006
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, may alternative heat treatment methods or
exceptions be specified in the engineering design?
Reply: Yes. See para. 33 I .2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. A328.2.1 (b), Bonding Qualification Requirements
Date Issued: May 3 I, 2000
File: B31-oo-009
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. A328.2.1(b), does each material type,
using the same joining method, require a separate bonding procedure specification (BPS)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. A328.2.5 is a bonder or bonding
operator required to qualify for each material type listed in the BPS?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B3 I .3- I999 Edition, can a bonder qualification test pressure
for thermoplastics when using the hydrostatic test method, be less than the calculated test pressure in
accordance with A328.2.5(c)(l)?
Reply (3): No.
216
831.3 Interpretations No. 18 18·06, 18-07, 18-08
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 304.2.2, Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
File: B3l-oo-0l0
Question (1): In accordance with para. 304.2.2, if a B16.9 elbow is modified by trimming it (e.g., a
standard 90 deg elbow trimmed to 75 or 15 deg), such that it no longer is in compliance with B16.9, must
it be qualified as an unlisted component in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the pressure rating of a B16.9 fitting determined by the actual pipe to which it is attached?
Question (3): If the ends of a B16.9 or B16.l0 component have been taper bored, such that its length
no longer meets the length requirements of the component standard, must it be qualified by para. 304.7.2?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B3l-oo-011
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Table 341.3.2, what is the acceptance criteria
for surface porosity and exposed slag inclusions for weld thickness greater than 3/16 in.?
Reply: The Code does not require welds greater than 3/16 in. nominal thickness to be evaluated for these
imperfections.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 328.2.3, Performance Qualification by Others
File: B3l-oo-0l2
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 328.2.3, is it acceptable to use the date
furnished by a previous employer for the Welder Qualification Record as the date that the individual last
used the procedure on pressure piping when that date cannot be determined?
Reply: No.
217
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 3OO(c), General Statements
File: B3l-oo-013
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, should the designer use Eq. (1d) to assess
fatigue from two or more sources (e.g., thermal plus wave action)?
Reply (1): Yes. However, see para. 3OO(c)(3).
Question (2): When determining the allowable displacement stress range of high strength materials in
B31.3 piping, does B31.3 use the allowable stresses in Appendix A in Eqs. (1a) and (1b)?
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 345.2.2(a), Other Test Requirements
File: B31-oo-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, can the requirement of para. 345.2.2(a) be
satisfied by lowering the test pressure to the design pressure (multiplied by the ratio of the allowable stress
for the test temperature to the allowable stress for the design temperature) before examination for leaks?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 344, Types of Examination
Date Issued: November I, 2000
File: B3l-oo-025
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, in a weld that is visually examined for
Category D Fluid Service, shall incomplete penetration be judged only on indications at the root and/or
surface area?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2); In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, in a weld that is visually and/or radiographi-
cally examined for Normal Fluid Service, is it required that depth of incomplete penetration be determined
by radiography?
Reply (2); No.
218
831.3 Interpretations No. 18 18-12, 17-09R
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2oo0 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-oo-028
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, may welded austenitic stainless steel
pipe and fittings, with carbon content less than or equal to 0.1 % and furnished in the solution heat-treated
condition, be used at temperatures warmer than those listed in the Minimum Temperature Column of Table
A-I for the particular alloy in question without impact testing of the base metal?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4(a) apply
to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2ooo Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4 (b) apply
to welds performed on austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings, by both the manufacturer of the component
and the fabricator of the piping?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, does para. 323.2.2(f) apply to welds
(with or without filler metal added) that are not subsequently solution heat treated?
Reply (4): Yes.
Interpretation: 17-09R (Replaces 17-09)

Subject: ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-00-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, are classes 12, 13, 22, and 23 of ASME
A671, A672, and A691 the only listed materials in the Code for these specifications?
Reply: Yes.
219
1S-13, 18-14, 1S-1S 831.3 Interpretations No. 18
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range
File: B31-oo-029
Question (1): In Accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, is it permissible for the allowable
displacement stress range calculated by Eq. (lb) to exceed the yield strength of the material at the maximum
metal temperature? '
Reply (1): Yes, see para. 319.2.3. Also, see para. 319.2.2 regarding cautions for unbalanced systems.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3a-2ooo Addenda provide specific requirements for earthquake loads
other than para. 301.5.3?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 341.4.I(b)(l), Examination Normally Required
File: B31-oo-030
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, if examination of a welder's work is satisfacto-
rily represented in accordance with the requirements of para. 341.4.1 (b)(I) when producing welds requiring
100% examination, must examination of his work also be represented in production requiring a lesser
degree of examination?
Reply: No, unless the welds requiring a lesser degree of examination are in a different designated lot.
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2oo0 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1, Alternative Leak Test
File: B31-oo-031
Question: In accordance with ASME B3I.3a-2ooo Addenda, when 100% radiography is required by
para. 345.9.1 for an alternative leak test, may 100% ultrasonic examination in accordance with para. 344.6
be used in place of radiography?
Reply: No.
220
CODE REFERENCE INDEX
(GENERAL NOTE: Code references are based on ASME 831.3-1990 or later Editions. References in brackets
are to previous Editions and Addenda.)
Reference Reference
Introduction 1-3,1-6,1-7,13-04 304.2.3 1-22,5-11

300 7-10,8-17 Fig. 304.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-22
300(b) 1-26, 1-32, 4-08, 5-03, 8-09, 10-11, 13-14 304.3 1-21,1-46,5-01,6-09
3OO(c) 3-2,3-4,4-10, 6-03R (Vol. 7), 7-05, 8-30, 304.3.2 4-05
13-02, 16-12, 18-09 304.3.3 4-03,7-02,8-06,8-37,11-10,12-05,14-10,
3OO(c) [300(e» 1-3, 1-6, 1-7 15-05, 17-26
300.1 7-10,8-17,9-06,12-20 Fig. 304.3.3 8-37
300.1.1 1-47, 1-52, 2-26, 3-1, 4-19, 6-01, 8-01, 9-02, 17-01 304.3.4 1-21, 1-37, 1-55, 1-75,2-27
Fig. 300.1.1 1-8,1-19,2-26,7-10,8-17 Fig.·304.3.4 1-70
300.1.3 [300.1.4) 1-8, 1-16, 1-19, 1-26, 3-2, 15-09 304.3.5 12-13
300.1.3(d) 10-05 304.5 3-4,9-07, 10-14
300.2 304.5.1 8-18
Category D Fluid Service 4-13,5-03,6-01 304.5.1 (b) 9-10
Category M Fluid Service. . . . .. 1-40, 1-73, 6-01, 8-09, 9-02 304.7.2 1-51, 3-2, 4-05, 5-05, 5-11, 6-09, 10-7, 10-11,
notch-sensitive 2-22 10-18, 12-09, 13-02, 13-03, 13-05, 13-11
owner 2-30 304.7.4 1-16
piping components . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-2, 8-01, 14-03, 17-23 305.2 . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-8, 3-9
piping system 1-30, 9-06 305.2.1 1-38
severe cyclic conditions 5-12,8-09 305.2.3 6-01,7-03
301 5-11 306.4 12-16
301.2 , 2-3, 7-01 306.4.2 11-03
301.2.1 2-29, 13-15 308.2.1 5-12
301.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-3, 17-07 308.2.4 5-12
301.3.1 10-02 311.2.4 6-02, 6-05
301.3.2 4-11 311.2.5 10-04
301.5.3 4-07 312 9-07
301.7.2 3-4 314.2.1 2-22
302 1-32 Table314.2.1 8-33,11-16
302.2 1-50 315.2 3-6
302.2.1 16-18 315.3 3-6
302.2.2 17-11 317.2 1-17
302.2.4 [302.2.3) 1-3,1-32,2-14,3-4,4-11,7-01,7-04, 318 8-13
8-04,14-09,17-12 Table 319.3.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9-01
302.2.5 13-15 319.2.1 2-17
302.3.2 1-18,1-38,2-16,3-13,8-25,11-05,16-04 319.2.3 7-04,7-05,12-06,18-13
302.3.4 2-20,17-14 319.3.1(b) ...................................•... 15-24
Table 302.3.4 1-42, 1-78, 2-20, 3-11 319.3.5 4-10
302.3.5 1-20, 1-50, 2-14, 2-15, 2-24, 3-4, 4-10, 4-12, 319.3.6 1-6, 1-7, 1-55, 2-24, 5-15, 13-05
6-03R (Vol. 7), 6-07, 7-04, 7-05, 8-16, 15-15, 16-11, 319.4.1 1-33,13-14
17-04,17-18,18-16 319.4.4 1-71, 2-7, 2-24
Table 302.3.5 16-10 319.7 1-16,7-05
302.3.6 1-50, 2-15, 2-16, 2-17 321.1.1 6-07
302.4 1-20 321.1.4 1-49
303 6-05 322.3 17-24
304.1.1 1-42, 1-54, 1-70, 13-07, 15-06, 15-10, 16-14 322.6.1 10-10,12-18
304.1.2 1-42, 1-57, 1-68, 1-70, 2-11, 10-20 322.6.3 1-32,2-21,2-29,7-01,12-04,14-09
304.2 15-14 323.1.1 8-19, 17-09R
304.2.2 •........................................ 18-06 323.1.2 1-11, 1-15, 1-48, 2-1, 6-06, 8-07, 8-19, 11-03,
15-04, 17-01, 17-08
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (al

Reference Reference
323.2 .......•.•.•..•.....•...••••........•........ 3-9 335.2.3 ..•..•...•............•................•. 17-20

323.2.1 .....................•.....•.•.....•...... 1-13 340.2 [336.1.2) ....•...........•.................. 1-26
323.2.2 ..................................• 15-12, 15-25 340.3 [336.3) 1-10,10-03
Fig. 323.2.2 . " .................•..............•.. 14-08 340.4 [336.2) 1-31,17-15
Table 323.2.2 [Table 323.2.1) 1-12, 1-48, 1-65, 1-76, 341 10-16,15-13
2-19,3-8,4-01,4-15,14-12, 15-11, 15-16, 18-12, 17-09R 341.2 [336.1.1, 336.1.3) 1-10, 1-26, 1-27, 2-28, 10-03
323.2.4 .•...........•.••......................... 6-06 341.3.1 [336.5) 1-64,2-4
323.3 •................•.................... , 1-76, 5-13 341.3.2 8-32
323.3.2 ..•....................•................. 11-12 Fig. 341.3.2 [Fig. 327.4.1) 5-09,13-16
Table 323.3.1 [Table 323.2.2) 1-12,1-76,4-17, Table 341.3.2 14-02,14-07,14-15,16-07,17-03,17-22,
5-19,5-21,8-29,10-2,11-12,15-23 18-07
323.3.4 .....•.•.•...•••.•••..............••....•• 8-30 [Table 327.4.1A) ......•.... 1-1,1-9,1-14,1-41,2-8,5-04,
323.3.5 ....•••...........•........................ 2-9 5-13,5-16,5-17,5-18,5-20,6-04,7-06
323.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-03 [Table 341.3.2A) 8-32,8-38,9-04,11-08,11-14,
323.4.2 10-01, 10-19 12-22, 13-16
Table 323.3.5 .............•.................•..... 5-14 341.3.3 14-14
Table 326.1 1-11,1-51,2-3,8-07,8-34 341.3.4 [336.5,336.5.4) 1-62,2-25,2-32,3-5,3-14,
328 7-02, 12-12 10-09, 10-12, 11-02, 11-04, 13-12, 16-01, 16-02, 16-05,
328.1 ....••.. . • . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. 12-07 18-01
328.2 [327.5) 1-66,11-09,14-13 341.4 [336.5) 1-24, 1-45, 3-12, 5-20, 11-01
328.2.1 [327.5.1,327.5.2) 1-76,4-17,8-29 341.4.1 [336.5.1) 1-10, 1-26, 1-27, 1-60, 2-12, 2-28,
328.2.2(g) 14-05 3-7, 3-12, 4-12, 5-10, 8-02, 8-10, 8-26, 10-03, 10-17,
328.2.3 15-19, 18-08 11-11,11-14,11-15,18-14
328.4 . . • . . . . . . . . • • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13-01 341.4.2 8-38
328.4.2 and Fig. 328.4.2 12-10 341.4.3 8-10
328.4.3 ......................•.................. 14-04 341.5 8-38
Fig. 328.4.4 ............•......•.•........... , 8-28, 9-08 341.5.1 [336.6.1) 1-5,3-12
328.5 [327.4) 5-09 342 15-21
328.5.1 [327.4.1) 5-17 342.1 [336.4.1) 2-28
328.5.2 [327.4.2) 5-12, 16-06 343 [336.4.1) 2-28
Fig. 328.5.2 [Fig. 327.4.2) 1-28, 5-12, 6-02, 6-05, 8-27, 344 [336.4) 5-09,16-13,18-11
15-08 344.1 13-12
328.5.4 [327.4.4) 1-59,1-74,2-10,4-03,4-14,7;08, 344.2 [336.4.2) 2-28,8-10,8-26,11-11,15-21,18-17
8-13, 10-04, 13-11 344.5 [336.4.5) 1-10,1-60,2-12
Fig. 328.5.4 [Fig. 327.4.4) 1-59,1-74,4-03,4-16,7-08 344.6 [336.4.6) 1-60
328.6 ..........................•..............•.. 2-18 344.6.2 .........•............................... 10-17
330 .•.......•................................... 8-21 344.7 [336.4.7) 2-28,3-14,12-01
330.1 8-23 344.7.1 11-11
Table 330.1.1 9-05 345 (337) 1-2,1-72,2-31,3-3,8-31,16-03,17-30
331 8-12 345.1 [337.1) 1-4,1-30,4-04,6-08,8-15,12-21
331.1.1 8-08, 9-05, 14-01 345.2.2 8-31,18-10
Table 331.1.1 [Table 331.3.1) 1-69,2-2,5-06,8-24, 345.2.3(i) 17-28
9-03,12-14,14-16,17-01 345.2.4 [337.4.3) 1-35
331.1.2 ; ..........•........................ 8-05 345.2.6 [337.1) 1-2, 5-22
331.1.3 [331.3.6) ........ 1-39,1-59,4-06,5-06,9-03,11-06, 345.3 [337.3) 2-6,3-10,5-02,12-03
14-01,15-18,17-21,17-13,18-02 345.4 , 8-04
331.1.4 [331.1.2) 5-08 345.4.1 12-19
331.1.6 [331.3.4) 5-08,16-09 345.4.2 [337.4.1) 1-35, 1-61, 1-63, 2-23, 4-04, 9-09,
331.1.7 [331.3.2) 1-78,8-22 13-13, 18-03
331.2 18-04 345.4.3 [337.4.2) 1-63
331.2.2 [331.1.1) 1-39,1-78 345.5 [337.4.4) 1-35,1-43,6-08,11-07,13-06
331.3.4 8-05 345.5.2 11-19
331.3.7 8-05 345.5.4 12-02
332.1 8-03 345.7 [337.5.2) 1-36
332.2 [329.1) 1-23, 1-53, 4-02, 8-20 345.8 [337.6) 1-25, 3-10, 17-02
332.2.2 16-08 345.9 [337.5.1) 4-09,5-07,6-08,8-15,10-15,12-01,
332.4 [329.3, 330.2) 2-2 12-21,15-02,17-05,17-10,18-15
332.4.2 11-03,15-17 A304 8-14
335.1.1 15-07,17-25 A304.1.1 14-17,14-18
335.2 , 2-5 A304.5.1 1-67
(b) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Reference Reference
A304.7.2 ...•.•.........................•........ 13-08 MA306.5 . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9-02

A305 ........................................•.. 11-17 MA323.4 . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. 9-02
A314 ...•.................•.......•.............. 8-33 MA323.4.2 8-35
A322.6 ...•........•............................ 17-29 c
Appendix A Notes (No equivalent) [(14)] .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-20
A323.4.2 10-06, 11-18 Note (17) 4-18
A327.2.4 ........................•............... , 7-09 Note (20) [(30)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-77
A328.2(a) 10-8 Note (57) [(2)) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-58
A328.2.1 8-14, 18-05 Appendix A
Table A-1 [Table 1) 1-13,1-18,1-29,1-38,1-48,
A328.2.5 ......................•............... " 17-06
1-77,2-1,3-8,3-9,3-13,4-12,4-13,6-01,6-06,7-03,
A328.5 8-14,10-08,13-08
8-11, 8-18, 8-25, 8-34, 8-36, 11-13, 12-09, 15-01
K300(a) 17-16
Table A-1B [Table 1) ...•.••....... 1-78,2-20,4-18,7-03
K304.1.2 11-21,14-11
Appendix 0 1-6, 1-7, 1-34, 1-46, 1-55, 1-56, 1-71,
K314.2 ..•....•••.•.•..•....•.•.•.•.•..•.•...•.•. 17-19
2-7, 2-24, 4-16, 5-01, 5-15, 6-06, 12-08, 12-11,
K315 ••.•...•..•..•.•..•.....•.•.........•....... 7-07
12-17, 13-05, 18-18
K322.3 ..••.•..•.....•..•.••....•..•.••.......... , 7-07
Appendix E [Appendix K) 1-44,5-10
K328.2.1(a) 17-27 Appendix F [F323.2) 1-29
Fig. K328.5.4 ..•.•....•...•...•.•.•..•••....••.... 8-37 AppendiX G 5-12
M305.1 12-15 Appendix H 8-06, 11-10
M307.2 8-35 Appendix J 1-28, 1-54, 1-75, 5-04
M322.3 2-13,3-6 AppendiX M ;. 6-01, 8-09
M323.1.3 3-7 Appendix V 17-17
M326 , 2-13 Appendix X, X3.1.3 12-23
M335.4 [M335.5, M335.6) 3-6 Appendix X, X3.2.2 13-09
M341.4 [M336.5) 1-24,1-45 Appendix X, X302.2.3 15-22
M341.4.1 [M336.5.1l 2-28,3-7 Case 137 3-1
M345.1 6-08 Case 141 1-51
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (c)

SUBJECT INDEX
Interpretation No. Interpretation No.
Acceptance Criteria Branch Connections (Cont'd)

pressure tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2 flexibility analysis " 9-01
weld 1-1,1-9,1-14,1-41,2-8,5-09,5-13,5-17, integrally reinforced fitting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-05, 11-10
5-18,5-20,6-04,7-06,8-32,12-22,13-16, projection into run pipe " 8-28, 9-03
14-02, 14-07 reinforcement 8-06,8-37,12-05,12-13,14-10,15-05
weld requirements 2-10,4-03,4-14,7-02,7-08,10-04,
Allowable Loads ....'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-06 13-11, 17-26
Allowable Stresses 4-12 Brazed joints

bases for 1-18,3-13,8-11,8-25,10-13,15-01 forflammable service. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-17
for ASTM A 312 1-29
forASTMA351 11-13 Buckles 1-23,1-53
for ASTM A 387 8-25
for ASTM A 570 1-38
for ASTM A 587 1-13 Cast Irons
for ASTM A 671 1-48 specific requirements 10-01
for ASTM B 464 8-11
for austenitic stainless steels 3-13 Category 0 Fluid Service
alternative pressure test for 1-36
Alterations of Piping 13-04 limitations , '" 4-13,5-03
radiographic examination 8-38
Alternative Tests see Leak Tests
Category M Fluid Service
Authorized Inspector see Owner's Inspector clarification of term 1-73, 9-02
double contained piping 8-35
leak test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6-08
Bellows 13-09 liquid oxygen 8~09
requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-35, 9-02, 12-15
Bending 4-02,8-03,15-17,16-08 tubing size limitations 2-13
Hvery small quantityH 1-40
Bends
corrugated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-23 Code Coverage
miter see Miter Bends B31.3 versus 831.4 1-47,7-10
reduction of outside diameter 8-20 fired heaters 15-09
general hydrocarbon service 6-01
Bonding Qualification Test in-line sensing devices 8-01
hot gas welded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-14 intent 16-12
minimum burst pressure 7-09,8-14 new and replacement piping , 5-22, 12-21
procedure specifications for plastic piping . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-08 offshore platform 8-17
requirements .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18-05 oil heating system 4-19
solvent cement "............. 8-14 radioactive fluids 12-20
synfuel plant piping I-52, 2-26
Bonds tobacco plant piping 3-1
heat fusion 8-14
hot gas welded . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . . .. .. . . .. . .. 8-14 Components (see also Fittings, Flanges, Standard Components,
test assembly .. , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7-09 Unlisted and Valves)
certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-26, 3-7, 5-10, 13-10
BoltingMaterials 4-15,17-20 defining 17-23
design conditions 2-3
Branch Connections fabricated or flared laps .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. 11-03, 12-16
extruded outlets 1-37, 2-27, 6-09 in-line sensing devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-01
(d) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Components (see also Fittings, Flanges, Standard Components, Fillet Weld

Unlisted and Valves) (Cont'd) internal, slip-on flange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-27
referenced standards 1-44, 5-10 pressure containing 8-13
size , 1-74
Compresson use , 10-4
FlUings
internal piping 1-8 816.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1·7, 5-01
conforming to two grades 8-18
Corrugated Bends 1-23 flared, flareless, or compression types 3-6,12-16
MSS SP-75 1·11
Cyclic Loading , , .. 5-12, 17-04
Flammable Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 1·17
Design (see also Pressure Design) Flanges

additional design considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12-13 assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-5
conditions " 2-3 design 1-67, 3-4, 9-7
for stainless bellows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12-23 general 9-10
lame theory 1-57 long welding neck 4-05
minimum temperature 10-02 slip-on .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5·12, 8-27
use of aluminum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-51
use of raised and flat face metallic 9-07
Displacement Stress. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-14, 2-24, 12-06, 18-13
Flexibility Analysis
branch connections 9-01
Earthquake see Seismic
exemptions from. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-33
qualification 13-05, 13-14
Empty System thermal expansion data 15-24
transportation 9-06
Flexibility Characteristic
Examination effect of branch to run diameters 1-56
acceptance criteria ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-07 for a tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-55, 1-56, 5-01
extent of 1·24, 5-18, 11-01 for components not listed in Appendix 0 1·55,2-24
in-process 3-14,11-15
liquid penetrant see Liquid Penetrant Examination Flexibility Facton
progressive see Progressive Examination basis for " 1-56
radiographic see Radiographic Examination for 816-9 tee 1-7,12-08,12·17
random ........•.. 1-27, 1-45, 1-62, 2-12, 2-32, 4-12, 11-15 for fabricated intersections , 1-6, 4·16, 5-1 5
records 11-11 for pressure piping components 13·05
required .. 1-24,1-60,6-04,11-14,11-15,15-13,15-21,18-14 for welded elbows 1-6
severe cyclic conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-17, 11-14
spot 1-62 Fluid Service
types 16-13,18-11 general hydrocarbon 6-01
visual see Visual Examination requirements, metallic 11-16,12·15,12-16,15-03
ultrasonic see Ultrasonic Examination reqUirements, nonmetallic 11-17, 11-18
responsibility for categorizing 4-08, 8-09
Exclusions
for compressors and internal piping 1-8 Graphitization
for interconnecting piping 1-19 temperature relative to onset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-58
listed in scope 10·5
Expansion Joints 1-16,12-23,13-09 Hardness

limitations on 2-2
Extruded Outlet records 8-22
pressure design of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-21, 1-70 testing 15-20
tees considered as 1-55
Heat filsion Joints 13-08
Extruded Welded Tee 5-01
Heat Treatment
cooling rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-69
Fatigue 18-09 for austenitic stainless steel 1-65
Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (e)

Heat Treatment (Cont'd) Lateral Fittings 1-6

for bending and forming 2-2
for flared laps 11-03 leak Tests
for valve parts , " 8-12 acceptance criteria .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2, 15-22, 16-03
governing thickness 1-39, 1-59, 4-06, 5-06, 11-06 alternative 4-09,5-07,6-08,8-'5,'2-01,'2-2','7-05,
heati ng rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 1-69 17-10, 18-15
local 5-08, 8-05 as nondestructive examination 8-31
monitoring 5-08, 8-05 for Category 0 fluid service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-36
requirements 8-08,8-21,8-23, 8-24, 9-03, 9-05, 12-14, for system designed for 0 psi " 2-31
14-01,14-16,15-18,18-04 isolation of test pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2
SP-l through SP-5 8-24 leakage 1-4
when radiography is required 1-64, 2-4 minimum hydrostatic test pressure 2-23,4-04
minor repairs and additions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2
Hydrostatic Tests see Leak Tests of discharge piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-72
of newly constructed systems 1-4, 5-02, 5-22, 8-15
of piping and vessel 1-63
Impact Tests of piping connecting equipment , 3-3
absorbed energy data 2-9 of replacement piping 5-22, 12-21
alternative methods 8-30 painting before test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-6, 3-10, 5-23
base metal 4-01, 11-12, 18-12 personnel qualification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-31
exclusions from 1-76, 5-14, 8-30 pneumatic test 11-07, 11-19, 12-02, 13-06
heat treatment reqUired 5-19 preparation for 2-6,3-10,5-02,5-23, 12-03
in qualifying procedures 8-29 reduced pressure (hydrostatic test) 1-61,2-23, 13-13
of aluminum filler metals " 2-19 requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-15, 13-13
of austenitic stainless steel " 1-65 sensitive 1-25, 17-02
of bolting materials " 4-15 temperature correction for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-35, 1-43
ofthe heat-affected zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-76, 5-21 test fluid 12-19
ofweldments 1-12,1-65,1-76,5-21 test pressu re 12-04
reqUirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-23, 17-09
temperature limitation 5-14,8-30, 14-12 lethal Substance 1-73
Imperfections (see also Acceptance Criteria) limitations

concave root surface 1-1, 6-04 on hardness " 2-2
determination of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-32 on imperfections see Imperfections
lack of fusion 5-09 on tubing size 2-13, 3-6
porosity '" . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. 1-9, 5-13, 5-16, 5-20
slag inclusion 5-20 liqujd Penetrant Examination
tungsten inclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-9, 5-17 requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11-14
undercutting 1-14,2-8,6-04
low Temperature Requirements see Impact Tests
Installed Piping " 1-30
Instrument Piping " 7-07, 8-01 Materials

API 5L 1-78, 2-4, 3-9, 3-11, 6-01, 6-06
Internal Piping, Equipment 1-8 API 5LX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-4, 11-05
ASTM A 234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-20
Joint Factors ASTM A 312 1-29,1-77,2-20
for ASTM A 234, ASTM A 312, ASTM A 403 2-20 ASTM A 351 11-13
for branch connections 8-06 ASTM A 387 8-25
for circumferential welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-42 ASTM A 403 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-77, 2-20
for longitudinal and spiral welds. . . . .. 1-78, 3-11, 8-06, 17-14 ASTM A 487 " '" '" .. '" 8-07
ASTM A 537 2-1
'oints ASTM A 570 " 1-38
alignment 15-07,17-25 ASTM A 587 1-13
circumferential bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-11 ASTM A 633 " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-11
exposed during test 2-6, 3-10 ASTM A 658 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-8
instrument tubing 7-07 ASTM A 671 1-48
special. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-13 ASTM B 241 '2-19
tapered pipe thread 16-1 5 ASTM B 337 4-18
threaded 11-16,17-19 ASTM B 464 8-11
(f) Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Materials (Confd) Pipe Supports (Confd)

austenitic stainless steels 3-13 longitudinal stress effects . . . . . . . . .. 7-05
bases for design stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11-05 use of plastic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-49
certification ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-10, 8-02, 13-10
conforming to two grades 8-18, 8-34 Plastic
listed 17-o9R, 17-11 lined pipe - use of screwed flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-33
notch sensitive 2-22 pipe supports 1-49
reidentification 8-19
toughness requirements 5-19 Pneumatic Tests , see leak Tests
unlisted material 11-05,11-20,15-04,17-01,17-08
Positions
Miter Bends qualification of welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-66
pressure design of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-22, 5-11
Postweld Heat Treatment see Heat Treatment
Near Straight Sawtooth Runs
explanation of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-33 Preheat see Heat Treatment
Nomenclature Pressure Design

d 1-54 allowance , " , 17-12
T 1-28 for elevated temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-4
In ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1-75 in the high pressure range .. .. .. . 1-68, 17-16
Tw •.•••..•..•..••..•••...•.•.•.••...••....• 5-04,5-16
of extruded headers 1-21, 1-70
of flanges and blanks 10-14,13-15
Nonmetallic Piping of miter bends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-21
fluid service requirements 11-17,11-18 of nonmetallic piping components 14-17,14-18
in Category M Fluid Service 8-35 of pipe 1-42, 1-54, 1-57, 1-68, 1-70, 2-11, 11-21, 13-07,
joint requirements 7-09,8-14 15-06, 15-10, 17-06
pressure design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-17, 14-18 of listed components 16-14,16-18
of unlisted components 13-02, 13-03, 13-05
Notch Sensitive of valves 8-04, 13-15
materials 2-22
Pressure Rating
valve 8-04
Occasional Variations
variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
(PressurelTemperature Allowances) 1-3, 2-14, 4-11
loads 1-50,2-15,2-16,2-17
Pressure Relief Devices
acceptable devices , 2-21,2-29
Owner
and test pressure. . . . . . . . .. 11-07, 11-19, 12-04, 14-09, 18-03
responsibilites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-26, 2-30, 5-22
requirements 17-29
setting 1-32, 7-01, 12-04
Owner's Inspector
stop valves 10-10,12-18
qualifications of 1-31
responsibilities of 1-26
Pressure Surges
loads due to 1-50
Pipe
alterations of existing pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13-04 Pressure-Temperature Rating 5-05, 8-34
curved and mitred segments 15-14, 18-06
elbowless 8-03 Pressure Test see leak Test
in corroded condition 2-15
instrument 17-24 Progressive Examination 1-5, 1-62, 3-5, 10-09, 10-10,
made from plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-48, 8-36 10-12, 11-02, 11-04, 13-12, 16-01, 16-02, 16-05, 18-01
of noncircular cross section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-2
pressure design 13-07, 14-09 Published Specification 1-15
pressure testing , 9-09
spiral welded 7-03
straight, under internal pressure 10-20, 11-21, 14-11 Radiographic Examination
100% 5-09
Pipe Supports as supplementary examination 8-38
configurations ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6-07 random radiography. . . . . .. 1-27, 1-45, 1-62, 2-12, 2-32, 3-12
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (g)

Radiosraphic Examination (Confd) Stresses (Confd)

records 1-10 reduction factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-10
requirements 6-04,11-01,11-05,12-03
selection of welds for examination 2-25 Stress Intensification Factors
spot radiography. . . .. . .. .. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . 1-62, 3-12 application of 1-34, 2-24, 6-03R (Vol. 7)
when PWHT is required 1-64,2-4 basis for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-56
Records for 816.9 tees ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-7
certification .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 5-10, 8-02, 10-03 for fabricated intersections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-6, 5-15
for radiographic examination. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-10 for tees 1-46, 1-55, 1-71, 5-01, 12-08, 12-17
of examinations 11-11 for unlisted components 13-05
of hardness tests 8-22 for welded elbows 1-6, 12-11.
retention of .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1 0
Reinforcement, Branch Temperature

attachment weld " 4-03, 7-08 allowance 17-12
clarification ofterms 1-37, 11-10 bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-08
limits of 2-27, 9-04 design minimum temperature ..... 10-02, 14-08, 14-12, 15-11,
15-16,17-07
Repain large changes 8-09
to welds 2-18 limitations 4-13,5-14,15-12,15-25
reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
verification 16-09
Responsibility
variation in elevated temperature service 17-17
designer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-11
rights of owner's inspection 10-03, 17-15
Thermoplastic Piping
neat fusion joints 13-08
Safeguarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-12 solvent cemented joints 10-8
specific requirements 10-06
Scope see Code Coverage
Tubing
category M fluid service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 16-17
Seismic Loads " 4-07
joints 7-07
stresses due to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-17 limitations 2-13,3-6
Severe Cyclic Conditions Thickness Allowances

cyclic loading " 5-12 governing 17-13,17-21,18-02
large rapid temperature change . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 8-09 in stress calculations 1-20
spiral welded pipe 7-03 welding tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18-18
Simplified Flexibility Analysis 1-33
Ultrasonic Examination
Standard Components in place of radiography 11-05
manufacturers markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-7, 8-02 requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-17
valves 5-05, 8-04, 8-07
Unlisted
Standards components .... 1-6,1-51,3-6,4-05,5-05,8-7,10-18,10-11,
compliance 5-10 10-07, 12-09, 13-02, 13-03, 13-05
superseded 1-44 materials see Materials
Stresses (see also Allowable Stresses) Valves

displacement stress range 7-04, 12-06 Category M Fluid Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-35
due to cold spring 8-16 Flanged Ball Valves 16-16
due to occasional loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-16 materials 8-07, 15-26
due to pressure surges 1-50 pressure build up 8-04
due to seismic loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-1 7 rati ngs 5-05
due to sustained loads 15-15, 16-04, 16-11
due to thermal gradients 3-4 Visual Examination
longitudinal , 1-20, 1-50, 2-15, 2-24, 4-10, 4-12, internal 8-10, 8-26, 13-16
6-03R (Vol. 7), 6-07, 7-05, 8-16, 17-18, 18-16 requirements 2-28, 10-03; 13-16, 18-17
(h) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Intepretation No. Interpretation No.
Washen, Use of '" , 2-5 qualification of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. 1-66

reinforcement 7·08, 11-08
repair 2-18
Weld socket 6-02, 6-05, 10-19, 15-08, 16-06
acceptance criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17-03, 17-22, 18-07 spacing of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7-02
bevels 12-10
definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-03 Welder Qualification
examination of welds ...... 10-15,11-01,11-14,13-16,14-14, by others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-19, 18-08
14-15,15-02 requirements , .17-27
fillet size 1-74, 10-19, 16-06
for branch connections 2-10, 4-03, 4-14, 8-37, 11-10 Welding Procedure
imperfections see Acceptance Criteria qualification of 1-12,1-65,1-66,1-76,4-17,8-23,8-29,
longitudinal , 2-20,3-11,4-18 11-09, 14-05, 14-13
of valves , 12-12 responsibility , 12-07,12-12
preparation for welding 13-01, 14-04 specification 8-21, 8-22
Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (i)

ASME 831.3

April 1, 2001 through October 31, 2003
General Information
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition stated in the interpretation, or if
none is stated, to the Edition in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation. Subsequent
revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply. These interpretations are not part of the
Code.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original1etters, except for a few typographical and
editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity. In some instances, a review of
the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised
reply bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
information is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further,
persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcom-
mittee. As stated in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve,"
"certify," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Appendix Z.
Numerical and Subject Indexes

Numerical and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpretations
by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume 1
1-1
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 6i2:l
No reproduction may be made ofthis material without ....Titten consent of ASME. ~
831.3
Para. 300, General Statements . 19-11 B31-02-02436

Paras. 300(c)(3) and 304.7.2, Radiographic Survey Plugs . 19-48 B31-03-01455
Para. 300(c)(5), Gas Pressure Reducing Station . 19-31 B31-03-00062
Para. 300.2, Definition of Fluid Service . 19-34 B31-03-00437
Para. 302, Unlisted Component . 19-03 B31-01-o37
Para. 302.2.2, Pressure Ratings . 19-02 B31-01-o36
Para. 302.2.3, Unlisted Components . 19-19 B31-o2-03075
Para. 302.3.2(a)(3), Bases for Design Stresses . 19-37 B31-o3-00694
Para. 302.3.2(d), Bases for Design Stresses . 19-38 B31-03-00734
Para. 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stress Due to Occasional Loads . 19-18 B31-02-03074
Para. 304.3.1(a)(2), Branch Connections , . 19-33 B31-03-00429
Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks . 19-12 B31-o2-02440
Para. 304.7.2, Metric Size Piping Components . 19-29 B31-02-04110
Para. 318.2.2, Mechanical Interlock . 19-45 B31-03-Q1345
Para. 319.3.1(a), Thermal Expansion Data . 19-40 B31-03-00829
Para. 321.1.4(e), Piping Support Materials . 19-36 B31-o3-00482
Para. 322.6.3, Reference to BPV Section VIII, Division 1, Para. UG-128 . 19-41 B31-03-00827
Para. 323.1, Materials and Specifications . 19-28 B31-02-04056
Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials . 19-27 B31-02-o3884
Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . 19-07 B31-01-048
Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits . 19-47 B31-03-01347
Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for
Metals and Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Criteria . 19-21 B31-02-03629
Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Tests for Metals . 19-35 B31-03-00479
Para. 323.2.2(d), Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . 19-39 B31-03-00821
Table 326.1, Partial Compliance ASME B16.9 Fittings . 19-14 B31-02-03069
Fig. 328, Weld End Configurations . 19-16 B31-02-03071
Para. 328.2.1, Welding Qualification . 19-22 B31-02-o3631
Para. 328.2.2(i), Welding Qualification . 19-26 B31-02-03819
Para. 328.5.2, Fillet and Socket Welds . 19-20 B31-o2-03076
Paras. 331.1.1, Heat Treatment Requirements and 341.3.1, General . 19-15 531-02-03070
Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness . 19-24 B31-02-03634
Paras. 332.1, General and 332.4, Required Heat Treatment . 19-04 B31-01-038
Paras. 341 and 345, Repair or Replacement of Piping . 19-49 B31-03-01441
Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Production Welds . 19-05 B31-01-039
Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Extent of Required Examination . 19-42 B31-03-00828
Paras. 344.2.1, Definition and 344.7, In-Process Examination . 19-17 B31-o2-03073
Para. 345, Testing . 19-30 B31-02-04197
Paras. 345, Testing and 345.2.6, Repairs or Additions After Leak Testing . 19-23 B31-02-03632
Para. 345.2.5, Leak Test . 19-44 B31-03-01343
Para. 345.4, Hydrostatic Leak Test . 19-25 B31-o2-03683
Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressures . 19-10 B31-02-02434
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test . 19-32 B31-03-00264
Para. 345.8, Sensitive Leak Test . 19-06 531-01-047
Para. MA323.4, Nonmetallic Materials . 19-08 B31-01-053
Para. K323.1.2, Allowable Stress Values . 19-09 B31-01-006
Table A-I, Allowable Stress Values for Carbon Steel Piping " . 19-46 B31-03-Q1346
Table A-I, Figure 323.2.2A, Impact Testing . 19-43 B31-03-00906
Appendix 5, Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure Tables for Norunetals . 19-13 B31-02-02441
Appendix E, Later Editions . 19-01 B31-01-035
1-2
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
19-01, 19-02, 19-03 ASME B31.3-2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Appendix E, Later Editions

File: B31-01-o35
Question: May later editions/addenda of a section of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code than that listed in Appendix E be used for construction in accordance with B31.3?
Reply: No, unless specified in the engineering design. See para. 300(c).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 302.2.2, Pressure Ratings

File: B31-01-o36
Question: May components manufactured in accordance with standards listed in Table 326.1,
which state pressure-temperature ratings are based on straight seamless pipe, have their pressure
ratings established in accordance with para. 302.2.2?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 302, Unlisted Component

File: B31-o1-037
Question: Mayan unlisted component, such as a clamp connector designed by the rules of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VITI, Division 1, Appendix 24, be in a 831.3
piping system?
Reply: Yes, provided that it meets all of the applicable requirements of the B31.3 Code, including
para. 302.2.3.
1-3
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I!lIs2
ASME 831.3-2004 19-04. 19·05
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 332.1, General and Para. 332.4, Required Heat
Treatment
File: B31-01-o38
Question (1): May pipe be bent using both hot and cold methods simultaneously on the same
bend, such as might occur during the induction bending process?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): For P-Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, and lOa materials in which pipe is bent using both hot and
cold methods simultaneously on the same bend (such as might occur during the induction bending
process), is heat treatment required after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.17
Reply (2): Yes.
process), is heat treatment required after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.2 if none of the
conditions in para. 332.4.2(a), (b), or (c) exist?
Reply (3): No; however, heat treatment would be required in accordance with para. 332.4.1.
Question (4): For materials other than P-Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, and lOa materials in which pipe is bent
using both hot and methods simultaneously on the same bend (such as might occur during the
induction bending process), is heat treatment after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.2
required if none of the conditions in paras. 332.4.2(a), (b), or (c) exist?
Reply (4): No, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
Subject: B31.3-1999 (2000 Addenda), Para. 341.4.1(b)(I), Production Welds

File: B31-01-o39
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, 2000 Addenda, para. 341.4.1(b)(I), do
production welds include both shop and field welding?
Reply: Yes.
1-4
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. t:9P.:l
19·06, 19·07, 19·08 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 345.8, Sensitive Leak Test
File: B31-o1-047
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Addenda (a), does the Gas and
Bubble Test method specified in para. 345.8 refer to the Bubble Test - Direct Pressure Technique
specified in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article 10?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Addenda (a), must the Bubble
Test - Direct Pressure Technique specified in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article
10 demonstrate a sensitivity of at least 10.3 atm-ml/sec to meet the requirements of a sensitive
leak test in para. 345.8?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-01-048
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, may ASTM A 350 LF2 material be
used at temperatures below -50°F with no further impact testing?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) and Fig. 323.2.2B are met. See
also para. F301.
Subject: B31.3-1999, 2000 Addenda, Para. MA323.4, Nonmetallic Materials

File: B31-01-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 (2000 Addenda), does para. MA323.4 prohibit
reinforced thermosetting resin (RTR) or borosilicate glass piping?
Reply: No.
1-5
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent ofASME. ~
ASME 831.3·2004 19·09. 19·10
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. K323.1.2, Allowable Stress Values
File: B31-Ot-006
Question: Is it the intent of ASME B31.3a-2000, para. K323.1.2 to require that the allowable
stress value at design temperature for an unlisted alloy steel pipe material for a High Pressure
Fluid Service application not exceed the lower of two-thirds of the specified minimum yield
strength at room temperature, and two-thirds of the yield strength at temperature, in accordance
with para. K302.3.2(d)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressures

Date Issued: July 1, 2002
File: B31-02-o2434
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), must the minimum
hydrostatic test pressure for flanges and flanged valves be calculated in accordance with equa-
tion (24)?
Reply (1): Yes, except when para. 345.4.2(c) applies.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), may the designer,
owner, or end user waive the requirements of para. 345.4.2?
Reply (2): No.
1-6
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I1I)i'
19-11, 19·12 ASME 831.3-2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition and 2001 Addenda, Para. 300, General Statements
Date Issued: July I, 2002
File: B31-02-02436
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), is it the responsibil-
ity of the owner to establish the design requirements necessary for determining the piping design
loads?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 300(b).
ity of the designer to determine the piping design based upon design requirements established
by the owner?
Question (3): Does the Code define the excessive and harmful effects of vibration referenced
in para. 301.5.4?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): Does para. 301.5.4 require complete elimination of vibration?

Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does B31.3 permit the designer to determine acceptance criteria for loads and
conditions where no such criteria are provided by the Code?
Reply (5): Yes, with acceptance by the owner; see para. 3OO(c)(3). Also see para. 3OO(c)(5).
Question (6): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. I<323.2.4(a),
when a designer uses an unlisted material, or when a listed material is to be used above the
highest temperature for which stress values appear in Appendix K, shall the designer demonstrate
the validity of the allowable stresses and other design limits to the owner?
Reply (6): Yes. See para. 300(b)(2).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
File: B31-02-02440
Question (1): Mayan ASME B16.5 blind flange be bored and used as a lapped flange in B31.3
piping systems without meeting the requirements of para. 304.5.1?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Maya lapped flange be fabricated from plate for use in B31.3 piping systems?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the design meets the requirements of para. 304.5.1.
1-7
ASME 831.3-2004 19-13, 19-14, 19·15
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Appendix B, Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure
Tables for Nonmetals
File: B31-o2-o2441
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may hydrostatic
design stresses (HDS) be extrapolated for temperatures outside the range listed in Appendix B?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may hydrostatic design
stresses (HDS) exceeding those listed in Appendix B be used for pressure design calculations?
Reply (2): Yes, if developed in accordance with paras. A302.3.2 and A323.2.1.
Question (3): In accordance with B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may plastic materials not
listed in Appendix B be used in pressure-containing piping components?
Reply (3): Yes. See para. A323.
Intepretation: 19·14
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition, Table 326.1, Partial Compliance ASME B16.9 Fittings
File: B31-02-o3069
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, maya partial compliance fitting as defined
in ASME BI6.9-1993 Edition be considered a listed component?
Reply: Yes, see para. 326.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 331.1.1, Heat Treatment Requirements and
Para. 341.3.1, General
File: B31-02-o3070
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. 331.1.1(c} is
the term "final welds" defined?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. 341.3.1, is
NDE examination of piping constructed of PI or P2 materials required to be performed after
final heat treatment?
Reply (2): No.
1-8
19-16, 19-17, 19·18, 19·19 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Fig. 328, Weld End Configurations
File: B31-02-03071
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), is it required that the
weld end configurations be identical on both sides of the weld?
Reply: No, except that a combination of the configuration types must meet the requirements
of the WPS. See para. 328.4.2(a)(2).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 344.2.1, Definition and Para. 344.7, In-Process
Examination
File: B31-D2-03073
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20ot Addenda), does the Code
require the examiner to be present 100% of the time during all welding operations?
Reply (1): No.
require the examiner to be present 100% of the time for in-process examination described in para.
344.71
Reply (2): No, but the examiner must be present to examine points (a) through (g), as applicable,
for the entire weld.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stress Due to
Occasional Loads
File: B31-02-03074
Question: Does para. 302.3.6(a) include occasional internal pressure loads (e.g., surges, spikes,
peaks, and water hammer) in the summation of longitudinal stresses due to sustained and
occasional loads?
Reply: Yes. In addition, all pressure variations must meet the requirements of para. 302.2.4.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 302.2.3, Unlisted Components

File: B31-02-03075
Question: When qualifying an unlisted component for use in a B31.3 piping system by calcula-
tion under para. 302.2.3, shall the calculations be based on the B31.3 allowable stresses?
Reply: Yes.
1-9
ASME 831.3·2004 19-20, 19·21, 19·22
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 328.5.2, Fillet and Socket Welds
File: B31-o2-o3076
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20ot Addenda), paras. 328.5.2(a)
and 328.5.2(b), maya slip-on flange be welded on the face side and intermittent welded on the
hub side?
Reply (1): No.
permit slip-on flanges to be welded on the face side, with the back side (hub side) stitch welded
(intermittent welded) when qualified in accordance with para. 300(c)(3)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for
Metals and Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Criteria
File: B31-02-o3629
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a welding procedure has been qualified
by impact testing for service at a temperature of -49°C in accordance with para. 323.3, but the
base material and weld material were impact tested at a warmer temperature in accordance with
their respective material specifications, may the weld procedure be used for service at temperatures
as low as -49°C?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ASME B31.3-2oo2 that the same brand and batch number
of material, as used in weld procedure qualification impact testing, be used for production welds?
Reply (2): No. See Note (2) of Table 323.2.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 328.2.1, Welding Qualification

File: B31-02-o3631
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, does an original WPS need to be revised to
include any changed nonessential variable?
Reply: Yes. See para. 328.2.1 and BPV Code Section IX.
1-10
19·23, 19-24, 19·25 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 345, Testing and Para. 345.2.6, Repairs or Additions After Leak
Testing
File: 831-02-03632
Question (1): Is it the intent of ASME 831.3-2002, para. 345 that structural attachment welds
to piping be examined for leaks during hydrostatic test, pneumatic test, combination hydrostatic-
pneumatic test, or sensitive leak test?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is it the intent of ASME 831.3-2002, para. 345.2.6 that structural attachments to
piping, following leak testing, be considered an "addition" that may not require retesting as long
as precautionary measures are taken to assure sound construction and the owner agrees?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the additions are minor.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness

File: 831-02-03634
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, para. 331.1.3, is postweld heat treatment
required for branch connection welds when the thickness of the components at the joint is greater
than the nominal thickness listed in Table 331.1.1, but the thickness through the weld in any
plane is less than two times the nominal wall thickness listed?
Reply: No. See para. 331.1.3(a).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 345.4, Hydrostatic Leak Test

File: 831-02-03683
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, is it permitted to hydrotest at a lower pressure

than required by para. 345.4 because 831.3 piping is connected to piping constructed to another
ASME 831 Code which allows a lower hydrotest pressure?
Reply: No.
1-11
ASME 831.3-2004 19-26. 19-27. 19-28, 19-29
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 328.2.2(i), Welding Qualification

File: B31-02-D3819
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 (2001 Addenda), para. 328.2.2(i), when using
welding procedures qualified by others, must all welders qualified to a specific WPS be qualified
by bend testing under BPV Section IX, para. QW-302?
Reply: No. Only one welder must be qualified to the specific WPS by the requirements of BPV
Section IX, para. QW-302. All others may be qualified in accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 328.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials

File: B31-D2-D3884
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 permit a material not listed in Appendix A to be used in
the design of a pressure containing system?
Reply: Yes. See para. 323.1.2.
Intepretation: 19-28
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.1, Materials and Specifications

File: B31-02-Q4056
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 require maintenance of traceability to a heat number marking
of a component that is removed or rendered unreadable during the fabrication process?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 304.7.2, Metric Size Piping Components

Date lssued: May 29, 2003
File: B31-02-D41l0
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if unlisted components are qualified for use
in B31.3 piping systems in accordance with para. 304.7.2 in IPS sizes, are they also qualified in
metric sizes?
Reply: It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to determine that the fittings are qualified,
considering para. 304.7.2(e}.
1-12
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '1tlS2
19-30, 19-31, 19·32 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 345, Testing

File: B31-o2-04197
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if an owner considers a hydrostatic leak
test impractical for reasons listed in para. 345.1(b) for non-jacketed pipe subject to external
pressure, and substitutes a pneumatic leak test, do the provisions of para. 345.2.4 take precedence
over the test pressure prescribed in para. 345.5.4?
Reply (1): Yes.
test impractical, for reasons listed in para. 345.1(b) for jacketed pipe subject to external pressure,
and substitutes a pneumatic test, do the provisions of para. 345.2.4 take precedence over the test
pressure prescribed in para. 345.5.4?
Reply (2): Yes and see the provisions of para. 345.2.5.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, are the requirements of para. 345.2.4 to be
applied to hydrostatic leak testing exclusively?
Reply (3): No. See para. 345.2.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a pipe is to be subjected to a hydrostatic

leak test in accordance with para. 345.2.4, must the Sr/S ratio of equation (24) be considered?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 300(c)(5), Gas Pressure Reducing Station

File: B31-03-ooo62
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, is it reqUired to apply ASME B31.1, para.
122.8.1 for a Gas Pressure Reducing Station that is specified to be designed to B31.3?
Reply: No; however, see para. 300(c)(5).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test

File: B31-03-o0264
Question: Does ASME B31-3-2oo2 provide procedures for pneumatic testing other than those
shown in para. 345.5?
Reply: No.
1-13
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &I
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '1IS6'
ASME 831.3·2004 19-33, 19-34, 19·35
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 304.3.1(a)(2), Branch Connections

File: B31-o3-o0429
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, are couplings (socket welded or threaded)
pennitted for use as branch connections?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 304.3.1(a)(2).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, may couplings used as branch connections
be attached using fillet welds?
Reply (2): No. See para. 328.5.4(d).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 300.2, Definition of Fluid Service

File: B31-o3-o0437
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, is it pennissible to categorize piping

conveying a flammable fluid service as Category D fluid service?
Reply (1): No. See para. 300.2, definition of fluid service, subparagraph (a).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, do circumferential butt welds made by
automatic orbital welding method or any other welding method require NDE in piping containing
flammable fluid?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Tests for Metals
File: B31-03-o0479
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 pennit fabrication of a piping system with a design minimum
temperature of -50°F with filler material in accordance with a specification with a recommended
minimum of -20°F?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2 are satisfied.
1-14
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dit:.'l
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. C(IS2
19·36, 19·37, 19·38 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 321.1.4(e), Piping Support Materials

File: 831-03-00482
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, para. 321.1.4(e), is it required that attachment
material welded to the pipe have the same properties and composition as the pipe material?
Reply: No. See para. 321.3.2 for additional requirements for welded attachments and para.
328.5 for welding requirements.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 302.3.2(a)(3), Bases for Design Stresses

File: B31-03-00694
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002, para. 302.3.2(a)(3) require, for bolting material whose strength
has been enhanced by heat treatment or strain hardening, for temperatures below the creep range,
the values of allowable stress for the material in the annealed condition [determined in accordance
with paras. 302.3.2(a)(1) and (2)] be used if it is greater than the value for the strain hardened
or heat treated bolt determined in accordance with para. 302.3.2(c)(3)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 302.3.2(d), 8ases for Design Stresses

File: 831-03-00734
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, for a listed carbon steel material, may the
measured tensile strength and measured yield strength as shown in the Material Test Report be
used to establish the basic allowable stress values at room temperature per para. 302.3.2, instead
of using the basic allowable stress values in Appendix A?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, if a material conforms to a listed material
and also to a published unlisted material (Le., dual certified) which has higher specified minimum
strengths, may the allowable stresses be determined using para. 323.1.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
1-15
ASME 831.3-2004 19-39, 19-40, 19-41
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.2.2(d), Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-03-o0821
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, para. 323.2.2(d), may Fig. 323.2.2B be
applied to carbon steel materials which have a numerical value listed in the Minimum Temperature
column of Table A-I?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, do the additional requirements in paras.
323.2.2(d)(1)(a) and 323.2.2(d)(I)(b) apply to carbon steel materials covered by para. 323.2.2(a)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 319.3.1(a), Thermal Expansion Data

File: B31-o3-o0829
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, does the phrase "maximum metal tempera-
ture...for the thermal cycle under analysis" in para. 319.3.1(a) require the use of the design
temperature (defined in accordance with para. 301.3) in "determining total displacement strains
for computing the stress range" SE?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 322.6.3, Reference to BPY Section VIII, Division I, Para. UG-128
File: B31-03-o0827
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if the appropriate engineering calculations are
performed in accordance with para. 300(c)(3) to ensure that a smaller relief device has the capacity
to relieve the pressure generated, can a relief device smaller than NPS 1~ be used in accordance
with para. 322.6.3, considering the reference to the BPY Code Section VIII, Division I, UG-128?
Reply: Yes, provided the component meets all other requirements of B31.3.
1-16
19·42, 19-43 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Extent of Required Examination

Date Issued: May 29/ 2003
File: B31-03-Q0828
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, for a girth or miter groove weld
that is visually examined by radiography internally and externally, and then examined, is it
required that both the criteria (depth and length) for incomplete penetration in Table 341.3.2 be
evaluated for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
that does not have access to examine the weld internally and is visually acceptable externally,
and is examined by radiography, is it required that both the criteria (depth and length) for
incomplete penetration in Table 341.3.2 be evaluated for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (2): Yes.
and is examined by radiography, is it acceptable to apply only the criteria for length for incomplete
penetration in accordance with Table 341.3.2/ for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (3): No, all listed types of weld imperfection must be evaluated.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, for girth or miter groove weld that
does not have access to examine the weld internally and is visually acceptable externally, and is
examined by radiography, is it acceptable to determine the depth of incomplete penetration in
accordance with Table 341.3.2/ by density comparison of incomplete penetration to the density
of the wall thickness on the radiograph?
Reply (4): The Code does not address the methods for determining the extent of incomplete
penetration.
and is examined by radiography, if the depth of the incomplete penetration is indeterminable
visually, does the weld meet the requirement for the depth of incomplete penetration?
penetration.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Table A-l, Fig. 323.2.2A, Impact Testing
Date Issued: October 9/ 2003
File: B31-03-Q0906
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, does a material with a letter designation
in the Minimum Temperature column of Table A-I require impact testing when the temperature/
material thickness combination falls below the curve of Fig. 323.2.2A for the specified letter
designation?
Reply: Yes. See para. 323.2.2(c), unless exemptions apply.
1-17
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I:(I)t
ASME 831.3-2004 19-44, 19-45, 19-46
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 345.2.5, Leak Test

File: B31-03-D1343
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, when a leak test is applied to jacketed pipe
where the leak test is to be based upon a critical external design pressure in accordance with
para. 345.2.5(a), is the internal test pressure to be in accordance with para. 345.2.4 regardless of
whether the leak test is hydrostatic, pneumatic, or hydrostatic-pneumatic?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 318.2.2, Mechanical Interlock

File: B31-03-D1345
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, would a joint in which the mechanical strength
is developed by crimping a female part onto a pipe or tube qualify as having a mechanical
interlock in accordance with para. 318.2.2?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table A-I, Allowable Stress Values for Carbon Steel Piping
File: B31-03-D1346
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, do Table A-I allowable stress values for carbon
steel piping contain a built-in allowance for loss of tensile strength at temperatures below 204°C
(400°F)?
Reply: For the design stress bases, see para. 302.3.
1-18
Copyright @ 2005 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. ~
19-47, 19-48, 19·49 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits

File: B31-o3-01347
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, when using a reduced stress ratio per Fig.
323.2.2B to permit use of non-impact tested materials per para. 323.2.2(d), can the hydrostatic
test required by para. 323.2.2(d)(1)(a) be substituted with the pneumatic test as permitted by
para. 345.1(b)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a material is exempt from impact testing
because the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) are satisfied, are welds and heat affected zones
required to be tested per Table 323.2.2, Column A (b)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Paras. 300(c)(3) and 304.7.2, Radiographic Survey Plugs
File: B31-03-01455
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 permit the use of plugs threaded into the pipe wall, such as
might be used for radiographic surveys?
Reply: Yes, provided all of the requirements of ASME B31.3 are met, including the reinforcement
requirements of para. 304.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Paras. 341 and 345, Repair or Replacement of Piping
File: B31-03-01441
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 apply to the repair of piping or piping components which
have been placed into service?
Reply (1): No. See para. 300(c)(2).
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 apply to the replacement of piping or piping components
which have been placed into service?
Reply (2): The Code does not address replacement.
1-19
ASME 831.3 INTERPRETATIONS
ASME 831.3
INTERPRETATIONS VOLUME 20

November 1, 2003 through October 31, 2005
GENERAL INFORMATION
reply bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented. In the case where
an interpretation is corrected by errata, the original interpretation number with the suffix E is used.
Appendix Z.
NUMERICAL AND SUBJECT INDEXES

Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Enginee~s. c!i?:l

831.3
Allowances With Owner's Approval . 20-22 B31-05-45

Appendix A, Note (76) . 20-29 B31-05-388
Appendix A, Table A-I, 321 Stainless Steel Stresses . 20-32 B31-05-405
Applicability of Ultrasound Testing for Heavy Thick Piping . 20-09 B31-04-00497
Chapter VIII, Piping for Category M Fluid Service . 20-23 B31-05-107
Chapter IX, Thickness Umitations . 20-41 B31-05-1209
Clarification of Seamless Pipe . 20-04 B31-04-00414
Combining Displacements . 20-45 B31-05-1213
Coverage of Ozone Gas . 20-08 B31-04-00496
Design Stress for Bolts. . . . . 20-12 B31-04-01129
Duration of Occasional Loads . 20-50 B31-05-1307
Examination and Quality Factor for Longitudinal Welds . 20-34 B31-05-455
Fig. 323.2.2B . 20-13 B31-04-0113O
Figs. 328.5.2B and 328.5.2C, Slip-On and Socket Welds . 20-01 B31-03-01912
Hydrostatic Testing . 20-47 B31-05-1223
Interpretation 17-10 . 20-43 B31-05-1211
Minimum Thickness for Test Blanks . 20-17 B31-04-01293
Para. 3OO(c)(3) . 20-38 B31-05-1142
Paras. 3OO.1.1(b), 300(c)(4), 3OO(c)(5), 345.1, and 345.8, Vacuum Box
Testing of Piping Field Welds . 20-18 B31-04-01294
Para. 301.1(c) and (d) . 20-40 B31-05-1208
Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations . 20-03 B31-04-00412
Para. 302.2.4 . 20-51 B31-05-1308
Para. 302.3 . 20-25 B31-05-179
Para. 302.3.5, Umits on Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and
Displacement Strains . 20-02 B31-03-01915
Para. 304.7.2 . 20-26 B31-05-18O
Para. 304.7.2 . 20-37 B31-05-1141
Para. 314, Threaded Joints . 20-48 B31-05-1305
Para. 323.2.2 . 20-31 B31-05-404
Paras. 328.2.1 and 328.2.2 . 20-19 B31-03-1913
Para. 328.5.3, Seal Welds . 20-05 B31-04-00416
Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections . 13-11E B31-94-037
Para. 331 . 20-39 B31-05-1147
Para. 340.4 . 20-33 B31-05-454
Para. 345.2.2, Visual Examination of Fillet Weld . 20-35 B31-05-477
Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination for Leaks . 20-46 B31-05-1222
Para. 345.2.3, Piping Subassemblies . 20-11 B31-04-00499
Para. 345.2.3, Piping Subassemblies . 20-24 B31-05-157,
B31-05-319
Para. 345.2.3(c), Testing of Closure Welds . 20-07 B31-04-00438
Paras. 345.2.6 and 345.9.1(b), Leak Testing and Examination of Welds . 20-06 B31-04-00417
Para. 345.3.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Pipe . 20-28 B31-05-329
Para. K303, Use of B16.9 Buttwelding Fittings . 20-21 B31-05-34
Paras. M314.2.2 and M335.3.3, and Fig. 335.3.3(a) . 20-36 B31-05-786
Performing Digital Radiography . 20-42 B31-05-1210
PWHT Requirements . 20-44 B31-05-1212
Qualifying the Heat Input for Impact Testing . . . . . . . 20-14 831-04-01131
Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedure Qualified Thickness Range and HAZ Impact
Location . 20-10 831-04-00498
Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria . 20-16 B31-04-0125O
Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria . 20-20 B31-04-1250
Table A326.1, Applicability of ASTM F 1281, F 1282, and F 1974 . 20-30 B31-05-391
Use of Sh for Occasional Stress Evaluation . 20-49 B31-05-1306

ASME B31.3 INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretation: n-l1E
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections

File: B31-94-037
throat thickness required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
para. 304.7.2 or MSS SP-97 and para. 328.5.4(d)
Note: In the Reply, the cross-reference to MSS SP-97 has been corrected by errata.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Figs. 328.5.2B and 328.5.2C, Slip-On and Socket Welds
File: B31-03-01912
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, is the Yt6 in. approximate gap
shown in Fig. 328.5.2B and Fig. 328.5.2C required to be present before any welding, including
tack welding?
Reply (1): Yes; also see interpretations 6-02, question (1); 10-19; and 16-06.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, can radiography be used to ascertain
the "Yt6 in. approximate gap before welding" shown in Fig. 328.5.2B and Fig. 328.5.2C?
Reply (2): The Code does not specify or restrict the methodology to determine this dimension.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Para. 302.3.5, Limits on Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained
File: B31-o3-01915
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, para. 302.3.5(c), shall sustained
load stresses be evaluated separately from the displacement stress ranges of para. 302.3.5(d)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, para. 302.3.6(a), shall sustained
plus occasional load stresses be evaluated separately from the displacement stress ranges of para.
302.3.5(d)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of ~echanical Engineers diQ

CNo reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Varia-
tions
File: 831-04-00412
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, does para. 302.2.4 apply to pressure
transients caused by water hammer?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In a fluid transient due to water hammer, there can be many pressure cycles in
the piping response. In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, must all cycles in which the
pressure exceeds the pressure rating or the calculated pressure stress exceeds the allowable stress
be considered with respect to the 1,000 cycle limit in para. 302.2.4(d)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, may the number of cycles of the
variation exceed 1,000 if justified by a more rigorous analysis in accordance with para. 3OO(c)(3)?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Clarification of Seamless Pipe

File: 831-04-00414
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, can a seamless pipe that has been cut
longitudinally and reassembled by welding be considered as seamless pipe for the purpose of
determining the weld joint quality factor?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 328.5.3, Seal Welds

File: 831-04-00416
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 328.5.3, address sealing a threaded connection
by brazing?
Reply: No.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.!i),;,

Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Paras. 345.2.6 and 345.9.1(b), Leak Testing and Examination
of Welds
File: B31-04-00417
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition require 100% liquid penetrant or magnetic particle
examination of the seal welds applied at hydrostatic test vents and drains after the acceptance
of hydrostatic test results?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.3(c), Testing of Closure Welds

File: B31-04-00438
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, if piping subassemblies meet
the requirements specified in para. 345.2.3(c), are there any fluid service limitations to piping
subassemblies for which closure welds are performed?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition permit a completed piping system, consisting of
piping subassemblies, to have more than one closure weld if all subassemblies have been tested
in accordance with para. 345.2.3 and all closure welds are examined in accordance with para.
345.2.3(c)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Coverage of Ozone Gas

File: B31-04-00496
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition provide coverage for ozone gas piping?
Reply: Yes; see the Introduction of ASME 831.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Applicability of Ultrasound Testing for Heavy Thick Piping
File: B31-04-00497
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, is ultrasonic examination an accept-
able substitute for radiography for a piping system utilizing Class 2500 components that has
been classified as high pressure piping in accordance with para. K300?
Reply (1): No; see para. K341.4.2(b).
able substitute for radiography for a piping system utilizing Class 2500 components if the system
has not been classified as high pressure piping in accordance with para. K300?
Reply (2): Yes; see paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 341.4.3(b), and M341.4(b)(1).
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers r.li).;,

Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedure Qualified Thickness Range
and HAZ Impact Location
File: 831-04-00498
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, when a material with a pipe wall
thickness of ~ in. requires impact testing per the requirements of para. 323.3, is the qualified
base metal thickness range for production welding, per A-5(a) of Table 323.3.1, ~ to %in.?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, may the one required set of three
HAZ (CVN) impact specimens, per the requirements of A-4, A-5, and 6 of Table 323.3.1, be taken
at any depth location of the pipe wall thickness?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.3, Piping Subassemblies

File: B31-04-00499
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 345.2.3, maya component be
considered a piping subassembly?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Design Stress for Bolts

File: B31-04-01129
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition specify what loads to consider when calculating a
bolt stress to compare to the design stress values for bolting materials?
Reply: No, except for flanges; see para. 304.5.1.
Copyright © 2007 by the Amcrican Societ; of Mcchanical Engincers, di>.:.

CNo reproduction may be made o[this material without written consent of ASME. C(G
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Fig. 323.2.2B

File: B31-04-01130
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3, Fig. 323.2.2B, provide a basis for the use of impact-tested
carbon steels at a Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
temperature, provided the stress ratio defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is less than 1 and the MDMT is
not colder than -104°C (-155°F)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 permit Fig. 323.2.2B to be used to provide a basis for the use
of impact-tested duplex stainless steels, UN5 531803, impact tested at -46°C (-50°F), in the same
manner as described in question (1)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Qualifying the Heat Input for Impact Testing
File: B31-04-01131
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition require that all the requirements of ASME BPV Code,
Section IX, be complied with for a WPS requiring impact testing?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-04-01207
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit a temperature reduction calculated in accordance with Fig.
323.2.2B to be applied for carbon steels covered in 323.2.2(a) that have a minimum temperature
listed in Table A-1?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria

File: B31-04-01250
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, when 100% radiographic examination
and no further acceptance criteria are specified for Normal Fluid Service, is it required that
the acceptance criteria for severe cyclic conditions as noted in Table 341.3.2 be applied to the
examination?
Reply: No, the requirements of Normal Fluid Service apply.

( No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Minimum Thickness for Test Blanks

File: B31-04-01293
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address required thickness for blanks or closures
installed only for a pneumatic or hydrostatic leak test?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address required thickness for permanent blanks
and closures?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Paras. 300. 1.1 (b), 300(c)(4), 300(c)(5), 345.1, and 345.8, Vacuum
Box Testing of Piping Field Welds
File: B31-04-01294
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1996 Edition permit performing the Alternative Leak Test
method in accordance with para. 345.9 in lieu of hydrostatic or pneumatic testing for Normal
Fluid Service piping that does not satisfy the conditions of para. 345.1(c)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.8, is it acceptable to
perform a leak test in accordance with BPV Code, Section V, Article 10, Appendix II, Bubble
Test - Vacuum Box Technique?
Reply (2): Yes, provided it has a demonstrated sensitivity of not less than 10-3 atm-ml/sec.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.8, if leak testing in
accordance with BPV Code, Section V, Article 10, Appendix II, Bubble Test - Vacuum Box
Technique, is it acceptable to test piping with a 60 psig or greater design pressure at less than
15 psi differential pressure?
Reply (3): No.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmcers r:<ib

( _No reproduction may bc made of this material without written consent of ASME ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Paras. 328.2.1 and 328.2.2

File: 831-03-1913
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, para. 328.2.1, by referencing BPV Code Section
IX, permit the use of Standard Welding Procedure Specifications, compliant with the requirements
of BPV Code, Section IX, Article V, in ASME B31.3 applications?
Reply (1): Yes, if they satisfy all the requirements of ASME B31.3, including the qualification
requirements in para. 328.2.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, para. 328.2.2 apply to Standard Welding Procedure
Specifications compliant with the requirements of 8PV Code, Section IX, Article V?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, do the rules of "discreet demonstra-
tion" of 8PV Code, Section IX, Article V comply with the requirements of para. 328.2.2(i)?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria

File: B31-04-1250
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition require more stringent examination acceptance criteria
for sour and hydrogen service designated as Normal Fluid Service than for other services desig-
nated as Normal Fluid Service?
Reply: No. See paras. 300(c)(5) and F323.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Para. K303, Use of B16.9 8uttwelding Fittings
File: 831-05-34
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, mayan ASME 816.9 fitting for which
the design pressure has been established by proof testing in accordance with ASME 816.9 be
used in Chapter IX service?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table K326.1, Note (2) are met.
Copyright © :!007 by the American Society of Mechanical Englfleers ~

Subject: Allowances With Owner's Approval

File: B31-0S-4S
Question (1): With the owner's approval, as described in ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para.
302.2.4(f)(1), is it permissible to exceed the pressure rating or the allowable stress for pressure
design at temperature as described in para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(a) when the variation is self-limiting
(e.g., due to a pressure relieving event)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 302.2.4(f)(2), permit exceeding the pressure
rating or the allowable stress for pressure design at the temperature at the increased condition
without owner's approval?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Chapter VIII, Piping for Category M Fluid Service
File: B31-0S-107
Question (1): If an ASME BPV Code Section VIII vessel has been determined to be in "lethal
substance" service, must the attached B31.3 piping system be classified as Category M Fluid
Service?
Reply (1): No; see para. 300(b)(1).
Question (2): Is Appendix M of B31.3 mandatory?

Reply (2): No; see Table 300.4. However, see the definition of fluid service in para. 300.2.
Question (3): Is the Code user responsible for considering applicable items in Appendix M?
Reply (3): Yes; see Note (2) of Table 300.4.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1998 Addenda to 1996 Edition, and B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.3, Piping
Subassemblies
File: B31-oS-1S7 and B31-oS-319
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition define "subassemblies" the same way as it defines
"piping components"?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda and ASME B31.3-2002 Edition,
does para. 34S.2.3(a) allow piping components to be independently tested as required by para.
345.1, and then assembled and placed into service with no additional leak testing?
Reply (2): No, unless the system is assembled with flanged joints or closure welds as described
in paras. 34S.2.3(b) and (c).
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~

Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 302.3

File: 831-05-179
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition establish a preference in the selection of listed versus
unlisted components?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 304.7.2

File: 831-05-180
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 304.7.2, require calculations consistent with
the design criteria of the Code be performed and that these calculations be substantiated by
means of (a), (b), (c), or (d)?
Reply: Yes.

File: 831-05-328
Question: Does the ASME 831.3-2002 Edition definition of a piping subassembly require that
it be in the installed position?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.3.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Pipe

File: 831-05-329
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, can buried pipe be leak tested without
visual examination of joints?
Reply: No, unless the joints have been previously tested. See para. 345.3.1.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Appendix A, Note (76)

File: 831-05-388
Question: Does Note (76) apply only to the materials for which Note (76) is specified in
Table A-I?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the Amcrican Society of Mcchanical Engincers ~

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASME ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Table A326.1, Applicability of ASTM F 1281, F 1282, and F 1974
File: 831-05-391
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition allow the use of products meeting ASTM F 1281, F
1282, and F 1974 in compressed gas service?
Reply: Yes. See para. A302.2.3 and Appendix F, para. FA323.4(b).

File: B31..Q5-404
Question (1): For welded (with filler metal added) austenitic stainless steel pipe or fitting
material intended for service with a minimum design metal temperature that is warmer than
the minimum temperature allowed by Table A-I but colder than -20°F, do the requirements of
block A-4(b) of Table 323.2.2 apply?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If it is required that the stainless steel pipe or fitting manufacturer conduct impact
tests of the weld metal deposits, may the provisions of Note (2) of Table 323.2.2, allowing impact
tests performed as part of the weld procedure qualification, be used to fully satisfy all the impact
test requirements of para. 323.2.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): If the stainless steel pipe or fitting manufacturer uses the impact tests performed
as part of the weld procedure qualification to satisfy all the provisions of para. 323.2.2, do the
provisions of block A-I of Table 323.3.1 apply?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): For austenitic stainless steel applications in ASME 831.3, are manufacturer's
welding procedure specifications and procedure qualifications necessary for any specifications
welded with filler metal?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): When welding procedure specifications and procedure qualifications that include
qualification of the welding procedure by impact testing are produced by the manufacturer when
producing austenitic stainless steel weld pipe or fittings, may those procedure specifications and
qualifications be used to satisfy the requirements of Table 323.2.2?
Reply (5): Yes.

Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Appendix A, Table A-I, 321 Stainless Steel Stresses
File: 831-05-405
Question (1): Should the allowable stress for A 403 WP321 fittings conforming to ASME 816.9,
such as elbows and tees, be per A 312 TP321 pipe?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Should the wall thickness for seamless fittings conforming to ASME 816.9, manu-
factured to A 403 WP321, be calculated based on the allowable stress value for A 403 WP321
material?
Reply (2): Yes.

File: 831-05-454
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 340.4, do the qualification
requirements of the owner's inspector apply to the individual designated as the owner's inspector?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 340.4(b), do the qualification
requirements of the owner's inspector apply to the organization employing the inspector?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Examination and Quality Factor for Longitudinal Welds
File: 831-05-455
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, if single butt longitudinal welds
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3) and examined per
para. 341.4.1(b), does a joint factor, Ej , of 0.80 apply?
Reply (1): Yes; see Table 302.3.4.
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3), examined per para.
341.4.1(b), and radiographed per para 341.5.1(a), does a joint factor, Ej, of 0.90 apply?
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3) and 100% radio-
graphed per para. 344.5.1 and Table 341.3.2, does a joint factor, Ej , of 1.00 apply?

Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.2, Visual Examination of Fillet Weld
File: B31-05-477
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition require, when a structural attachment is fillet welded
on one side, that the opposite side of the structural attachment be left exposed for examination
during leak testing?
Reply: No. See also interpretation 19-23.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Paras. M314.2.2 and M335.3.3, and Fig. 335.3.3(a)
File: B31-05-786
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31-3-2004 Edition, may straight thread, O-ring style
connection fittings be used in Category M fluid service?
Reply (1): Yes, provided that they meet the requirements of the Code, including para. M314.2.2
and para. M335.3.3.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, is demonstrating leak tightness
sufficient to qualify use of fittings such as those shown in Fig. 335.3.3(a) for use in Category M
Fluid Service?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Para. 304.7.2

File: B31-05-1141
Question (1): When qualifying unlisted components for pressure design using ASME B31.3-2004
Edition, para. 304.7.2(d), using the rules of BPVC Section VIII-I, UG-101, may the designer make
analogies among related materials in accordance with para. 304.7.2(e)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2004 Edition define related materials as used in para. 304.7.2(e)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Para. 300(c)(3)

File: B31-05-1142
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, maya designer apply a more rigorous
analysis to qualify a design that deviates from specific requirements of the Code?
Reply: Yes. See para. 300(c)(3).
Copyright © 2007 by the American Socie~ of Mechanical Engineers. 6i>-,

C No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, Para. 331

File: 831-05-1147
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, are the longitudinal seams of
welded seam pipe and seams in welded seam fittings subject to the postweld heat treatment
requirements of para. 331?
Reply (1): Yes, provided the welds are made in accordance with para. 328.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, do the postweld heat treatment
requirements of para. 331 apply to listed components?
Reply (2): No, unless otherwise required by the notes for Appendix A or specified in the
engineering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Paras. 301.1(c) and (d)

File: B31-05-1208
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, does the successful completion of
an engineering program that is equivalent to 2 years of full-time study meet the engineering
associate's degree requirement of para. 301.1(c)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the "experience in the design of related pressure piping" requirement in
para. 301.1(d) differ from the requirements in paras. 301.1(a), (b), and (c)?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition address the initiation of experience in para. 301.1?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Chapter IX, Thickness Limitations

File: 831-05-1209
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, when qualifying a welding procedure
for High Pressure Fluid Service, does the range of material thicknesses specified in Table K323.3.1
apply to determine the number of impact test pieces required?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © :!007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.!i?:I

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I'lilZ
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Performing Digital Radiography

File: 831-05-1210
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, para. 344, is the use of digital radiogra-
phy permitted?
Reply: Yes, provided the methodology meets the requirements of para. 344.5.1.
Subject: ASME 831.3, Interpretation 17-10

File: 831-05-1211
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, has the Code been changed to supersede
the response to inquiry 17-107
Reply: Interpretation 17-10 applies to ASME 831.3-1997 Edition, Addendum b. Subsequently,
the Code was revised to reflect the present wording.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, PWHT Requirements

File: 831-05-1212
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, Table 331.1.1, for P-No. 1 material,
can a weld procedure qualified to ASME Section IX that has a weld joint thickness range from
0.0625 in. to 2.00 in. be used without postweld heat treatment for a butt groove weld joint with
a thickness greater than 74 in.?
Reply: No; see para. 328.2.1(c).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, Combining Displacements

File: 831-05-1213
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, are strains caused by cyclic support
displacements during seismic events considered to be externally imposed displacements in accor-
dance with para. 319.2.1(c)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, shall externally imposed displace-
ment strains, excluding single cycle events, be considered in conjunction with thermal displace-
ment strains?
Reply (2): Yes; see para. 319.2.1(d).
(- Copyright © 2007 by the American Socie; of Mechanical Engineers ~

~'oduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 631.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination for Leaks

File: 631-05-1222
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2002 Edition, does the 10 min minimum hold time
referenced in para. 345.2.2 apply to both hydrostatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.4.2
and pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.5.4?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Hydrostatic Testing

File: 631-05-1223
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, are both a sensitive leak test and a
hydrostatic, pneumatic, or hydrostatic-pneumatic leak test required for Category M piping?
Reply: Yes; see para. M345.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Para. 314, Threaded Joints

File: 631-05-1305
Question (1): Does ASME 631.3-2004 Edition advise against using the relative motion of threaded
connections (i.e., to screw and unscrew some fraction of a tum) to provide flexibility for thermal
expansion?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 314.1(c).
Question (2): Does ASME 631.3-2004 Edition prohibit the practice of using the relative motion
of threaded connections to provide flexibility for thermal expansion?
Reply (2): No, provided the relative motion does not cause leakage at the joint, as required by
para. 319.1.1.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Use of Sh for Occasional Stress Evaluation

File: 631-05-1306
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, when a piping system operates at
multiple sets of coincident operating temperatures and pressures, and the system may at any
random moment be loaded with an occasional load such as earthquake, wind, or pressure relief,
should all coincident operating pressures and temperatures expected during operation be consid-
ered and shall the basic allowable stress used in para. 302.3.6 be based on the applicable tempera-
ture for each condition?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers r.!il:t

Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Duration of Occasional Loads

File: B31-05-1307
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address the duration of a load in qualifying the load
as being occasional in para. 302.3.6?
Reply: No.

File: B31-05-1308
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(a), is the 33% over-
pressure allowance for no more than 10 hr at anyone time and no more than 100 hr/yr applicable
to pressure relieving events?
Reply: Yes, provided all other applicable requirements of para. 302.2.4 are met.
- _ _.._--.Id..8.-_.__ _ _.._ _ _
ASME 831.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendix Z.

tip to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume.
1-1
831.3
Appendix M and Para. 301.3.1, Temperature Limits for Category D Fluid

Service . 21-47 07-1482
Duration of Occasional Loads . 21-08 06-379
Fig. 323.2.2B, Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without
Impact Testing . 21-40 07-1359
Para. 300.1, Buried Piping . 21-07 06-377
Para. 300.1.1, Content and Coverage . 21-32 06-1197
Para. 300.1.3(d), Scope . 21-22 06-1101
Para. 300.2, Flammable Service . 21-25 06-1104
Para. 300.2, Inline Piping Components . 21-24 06-1103
Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations . 21-45 07-1397
Para. 302.3.4, Table 302.3.4, and Table AI-B, Weld Joint Quality Factor . 21-37 07-1356
Para. 302.3.5(e) and Appendix A, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor,
W . 21-35 07-505
Para. 304.1.1(b), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe, Maximum and Nominal
Thread Depth . 21-38 07-1357
Paras. 304.1.2, Design of Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure and 304.2.1,
Pipe Bends . 21-13 06-1091
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . 21-39 07-1358
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components . 21-34 07-504
Paras. 304.7.2 and 328.5.4(d), Partial Penetration Welding . 21-02 06-297
Para. 305.2.3, Material for Severe Cyclic Conditions . 21-29 06-1191
Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range . 21-09 06-387
Para. 319.3.1(b), Flexibility Analysis Thermal Expansion Data , 21-16 06-1094
Para. 319.3.2, Properties for Flexibility Analysis . 21-26 06-1105
Paras. 321.1.4(c) and 323.2.2(d), Piping Support Materials . 21-41 07-1360
Para. 323.2.2; Fig. 323.2.2A; and Table A-I, Note (6); Lower Temperature
Limits for Impact Tests . 21-28 06-1185
Paras. 323.3.1 and K323.3.1, and Table K323.3.1, Impact Testing . 21-18 06-1097
Para. 328.6, Weld Repair and Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment . 21-19 06-1098
Para. 331, Heat Treatment Requirements . 21-46 07-1398
Para. 335.2.3, Bolt Length of Flanged Joints . 21-14 06-1092
Para. 341, Examination . 21-17 06-1096
Para. 341.3.1(a), Examinations and Postweld Heat Treatment . 21-48 07-1483
Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination for Category D Service . 21-23 06-1102
Para. 341.4.1, Examination of Welds . 21-04 06-299
Paras. 341.4.1(b)(I), 344.2.2, and 344.7.1, Examination Records . 21-20 06-1099
Paras. 342.1 and 342.2, Examination Personnel . 21-05 06-374
Para. 345.2.2, Leak Testing, Other Test Requirements . 21-42 07-1361
Para. 345.2.2(a), Duration of Leak Test . 21-11 06-258,
06-295,
06-296
Para. 345.2.3(c), Leak Testing of Closure Welds . 21-10 06-388
Para. A302.2.4, Pressure Allowances for Nonmetallic Piping . 21-33 07-502
Para. A323.4.2, Fluid Service for Nonmetallic Piping . 21-31 06-1196
Para. A323.4.2(a)(3), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic
Materials . 21-30 06-1194
Para. A328, Bonding Procedure Specification for Plastic Piping . 21-15 06-1093
Paras. K323.l.5, Product Analysis and K346.2(b), Required Records . 21-03 06-298
Para. K323.3.5 and Table K323.3.5, Impact Testing for High Pressure
Piping . 21-27 06-1184
Paras. M319 and MA319, Piping Flexibility . 21-21 06-1100
Table 302.3.4, Weld Joint Quality Factor . 21-06 06-375
Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests and Table 323.3.1,
Impact Testing Required for Metals . 21-01 06-253
Table 323.2.2, A-4(b), Impact Testing of Weld Metal and Heat Affected
Zone . 21-43 07-1362
Table 331.1.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel Pipe . 21-12 06-372
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds - Internal Protrusions . 21·44 07-1363
1-2
Iftterpretlltion: 21·01
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests and Table 323.3.1,
Impact Testing Required for Metals
File: 06-253
Question (1): In ASME B31.3, Table 323.3.1, does the term manufacturer in Column A refer to
the manufacturer of the piping component?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 require additional impact testing of ASTM A 333 Grade 6
material if the assigned minimum temperature is -46°C (-51°P)?
Reply (2): Yes, unless the exemptions in Table 323.2.2, B-3 apply.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3require the manufacturer to perform impact testing at tempera-
tures below the requirements described in the material specification?
Reply (3): ASME B31.3 does not address who should do the additional testing.
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3 require that the manufacturer, who as part of its manufacture
utilizes girth welds to join ASTM A 333 Grade 6 pipe, perform impact testing if the minimum
temperature is -35°C (-31 °P)?
Reply (4): Yes, unless exemptions in Table 323.2.2, A-3(b) apply.
Interpretlltlon: 21·02
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. 304.7.2 and 328.5.4(d), Partial Penetration Welding
Pile: 06-297
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 permit partial penetration for branch connection groove
welds?
Reply (1): No; see para. 328.5.4(d).
Question (2): In accordance with ASMEB31.3-2004, what is the effective weld throat thickness
required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
Reply (2): The thickness is as required by the design qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2
or MSS SP-97, and para. 328.5.4(d).
Ihterpretatlon: 21·03
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. K323.1.5, Product Analysis and K346.2(b), Required Records
IJ)ate Issued: March 29, 2006
File: 06-298
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require any Certified Material Test Reports (CMTR)?
Reply: No; however, see paras. K323.1.5 and K346.2(b).
1-3
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '15'
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 341.4.1, Examination of Welds

File: CJ6-299
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341.4.1(b)(1), must welds to be examined
be seliected to ensure that each welding process used by each welder or welding operator doing
the production welding is represented?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 342.1 and 342.2, Examination Personnel

File: CJ6-374
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, can the operator of an automatic welding
machine also perform in-process examination of the production work?
Reply (1): No; see para. 342.2.
machine also perform examination of the production work other than in-process examination?
Reply (2): Yes, if qualified in accordance with para. 342.1.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341, may the examiner be employed
by the contractor/manufacturer?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Table 302.3.4, Weld Joint Quality Factor

File: 06-375
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, can the weld joint quality factor of API 5L
SAW,GMAW, or combined GMAW/SAW welded pipe be increased to 1.00 by 100% radiography
of the weld?
Reply: The Code does not address increasing the weld joint quality factor of API 5L SAW,
GMAW, or combined GMAW/SAW welded pipe.
1-4
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &i>.l
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. -
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 300.1, Buried Piping

File: 06-377
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 apply to buried piping?

Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 provide rules for design of buried piping for overburden
and surface live loads?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Duration of Occasional Loads

File: 06-379
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 specify or provide guidelines for the duration of occasional
loads?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range

File: 06-387
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the duration of an operating cycle be considered
when evaluating displacement stress range in accordance with para. 319.2.3?
Reply: No.
'ttterpretation: 21-10
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.3(c), Leak Testing of Closure Welds

Date Issued: March 29,2006
File: 06-388
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 require the owner's approval to apply the closure weld
provisions described in para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply: No.
1-5
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dI2:l
Inte~retation: 21·11
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.2(a), Duration of Leak Test

Date Issued: September 20,2006
File: 06-258, 06-295, 06-296
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, does a pressure test of less than 10-min duration
by the pipe manufacturer satisfy the requirements of the required leak test in para. 345?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 331.1.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel Pipe
File: 06-372
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, is PWHT re2uired for circumferential joints
in API 5L X65 pipe when the thickness is greater than 19 mm (~ in.)?
Reply: Yes, unless the provisions of para. 331.2.2 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Paras. 304.1.2, Design of Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure and
304.2.1, Pipe Bends
File: 06-1091
Question (1): ASME B31.3-2004, para. 304.1.2 provides two equations to calculate pressure
design thickness for straight pipe, eq. (3a) and eq. (3b), the former using the outside diameter
and the latter using the inside diameter. Do these two equations yield the same results?
Reply (1): Yes, when the corrosion allowance in para. 304.1.1 is applied to the inside diameter
of the pipe.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, para. 304.2.1, may the minimum required
thickness of the extrados of a bend, after bending, in its finished form, as calculated by eq. (3e),
be less than as required for straight pipe by eq. (3a)?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the requirements of para. 304.2.1 are met.
Intertretation: 21-14
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Para. 335.2.3, Bolt Lengths of Flanged Joints

DateIssued: September 20, 2006
File: 06-1092
~estion: Does the term bolt as used in ASME B31.3-2004, para. 335.2.3 include bolts, bolt
studs, studs, and cap screws?
Reply: Yes; see para. 309. Also see Interpretation 17-20.
1-6
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dib
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002and B31.3-2004,Para. A328, Bonding Procedure Specification for Plastic
Piping
File: 06-1093
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2oo4, must all items in paras.
A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and paras. A328.4(a) through (e) be specified in the bonding procedure
specifications (BPS)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2oo4, maya range be specified
for some of the items in paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and paras. A328.4(a) through (e)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2004, must the test assembly
required by para. A328.2.5(a) be tested within the ranges specified for some of the items required
by paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9), paras. A328.4(a) through (e), and any additional items in
the BPS?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2004, if the required items in a
BPS per paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9), A328.4(a) through (e), and any other items listed are
specified as a range, does Chapter VII set range limits for those items?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, for the items required by
paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and A328.4(a) through (e), are ranges required to be specified
for any of those items?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): Does ASME B31.3 describe what information is required to be included in the
procedure qualification record (PQR) other than the dates and results of the bonding procedure
specification (BPS)?
Reply (6): No.
Question (7): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2oo4, when items, in addition
to those required by paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and A328.4(a) through (e), are specified in
a BPS, must all those items be followed when fabricating the BPS qualification test assembly?
Reply (7): Yes, if the additional requirements are applicable.
Question (8): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002and B31.3-2004, when making a BPS qualifi-
cation test assembly in accordance with para. A328.2.5(c)(2), may three times the piping system
design pressure be used for PT in lieu of three times the manufacturer's allowable pressure for
the components being joined?
Reply (8): No.
Question (9): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, when performing a BPS
qualification test for RTR or RPM materials, and the materials for the piping and the component
have different specified manufacturer's allowable pressures, can either the lower or higher of the
two pressures be used for the calculation of PT?
1-7
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. &I.:l
No reproduction may be made of this materialwithoutwrittenconsentof ASME. ~
Reply (9): The Code does not address this issue.
Question (10): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, is it required to write a
BPS for bonding each material formulation to other material formulations if a specific material
listed in Chapter VII is manufactured to meet multiple chemical formulations?
Reply (10): No.
Question (11): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, is it required to perform
a BPS qualification test for bonding each material formulation to other material formulations if
a specific material listed in Chapter VII is manufactured to multiple chemical formulations?
Reply (11): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 319.3.1(b), Flexibility Analysis Thermal Expansion Data
File: 06-1094
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2,para. 319.3.1(b), does the phrase "at maximum
(or minimum) temperature for the thermal cycle under analysis" require the use of the highest
(or lowest) anticipated metal temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 341, Examination

File: 06-1096
Question (1): Are WPS qualified in accordance with ASME BPV Section IX acceptable for use
in ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes, provided they were qualified in accordance with the applicable provisions of
para. 328.2.1.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2004specify the mechanism for qualifying examination proce-
dures and which results are required to be recorded?
Reply (2): Yes; see paras. 343 and 344.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require visual examination of the assembly of threaded,
bolted, and other joints to satisfy the applicable requirements of paras. 335, A335, M335, MA335,
and K335?
Reply (3): Yes;see paras. 341.4.1(a)(4), A341.4.1(a)(4), 341.4.3(a)(2), M341.4(a)(2), MA341.2(a)(2),
and J1(341.4.1(a)(3).
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3-2004 require visual examination of fabrication (see para. 300.2
for d.finition of fabrication)?
Reply (4): Yes.See paras. 341.1(a)(2), 343.1(a)(1), A341.1(a)(2), M341.4(a)(1), K341(a)(2),and 344.2.
1-8
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &iQ
hlterpretation: 21·18
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 323.3.1 and K323.3.1, and Table K323.3.1, Impact Testing
File: 06-1097
Question: When performing impact tests to qualify a welding procedure, does the range of
material thickness specified in Table 323.3.1 apply?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 328.6, Weld Repair and Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment
File: 06-1098
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require heat treatment of weld repairs that are less than
or equal to 19 mm (% in.) deep in a P-No. 1 material that was required to be heat treated in
accordance with Table 331.1.1 or the engineering design prior to examination?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 328.6.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require heat treatment of weld repairs that are greater
than 19 mm (% in.) deep in a P-No. 1 material that was required to be heat treated in accordance
with Table 331.1.1 or the engineering design prior to examination?
laterpretation: 21·20
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 344.2.2, and 344.7.1, Examination Records
File: 06-1099
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341.4.1(b)(1), is it required, for each
weld for which in-process examination is substituted, that examination and acceptance of each
applicable item in para. 344.7.1 be recorded?
Reply: Yes; see Interpretations 11-11 and 18-17, and para. 344.2.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. M319 and MA319, Piping Flexibility

File: 06-1100
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may flexible hose be used in Category M Fluid
Service?
Reply: Yes.
1-9
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. QiQ
Inte.,retatlon: 21·22
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 3oo.1.3(d), Scope

File: 06-1101
Question (1): Does the scope of ASME 831.3-2004 include vacuum insulated piping, e.g.,
cryogenic transfer line?
Reply (1): Yes. Refer to paras. 3oo.1.1(b)(6), 301.7.3, and 345.2.5.
Qaestion (2): Does ASME 831.3 apply to the cryogenic piping interconnecting pressure vessel(s),
while both the piping and the vessel(s) are enclosed within a pressure vessel?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination for Category D Service
File: 06-1102
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, do the requirements of para. 341.4.1(b)(1)

pertaining to radiography or ultrasonic examination apply to Category D fluid service?
Reply: No; see para. 341.4.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 300.2, Inline Piping Components

File: 06-1103
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the inline portions of instruments be designed,
fabricated, examined, and tested in accordance with the rules of the Code?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 300.2 (definition of "piping components").
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the portions of instruments that are not inline
be designed, fabricated, examined, and tested in accordance with the rules of the Code?
Reply (2): The Code does not address this situation.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may inline portions of an instrument not
listed in Table 326.1 be used?
Reply (3): Yes; see paras. 302.2.3 and 326.1.2.
1-10
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &IQ
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. 1:(&
interpretation: 21·25
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 300.2, Flammable Service

File: 06-1104
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, is a liquid that has a flash point of 38°C
(100°F) considered to be "flammable"?
Reply (1): It mayor may not be, depending upon the ambient or expected operating conditions;
see the definition of "flammable" in para. 300.2.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, maya nontoxic liquid with a flash point
of 38°C (1oo°F) be used as an alternate test fluid per para. 345.4.1?
Reply (2): Yesif the fluid is not flammable, as defined for the purpose of this Code in para. 300.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 319.3.2, Properties for Flexibility Analysis

File: 06-1105
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4, para. 319.3.2, can a value for modulus of
elasticity used in the analysis differ from the value shown in Appendix C?
Reply: Yes, when more directly applicable data is available; see Note (1) of Table 300.4.
htterpretatlon: 21-27
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. K323.3.5 and Table K323.3.5, Impact Testing for High Pressure
Piping
File: 06-1184
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require impact testing according to para. K323.3 for materials
whose product specifications require impact testing?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Para. 323.2.2;Fig. 323.2.2A;and Table A-I, Note (6); Lower Temperature
Limits for Impact Tests
File: 06-1185
Question: Are materials, for which a temperature of -20°F (-29°C) is listed in the Minimum
~mperature column of Table A-I, exempt from impact testing for any combination of thickness
and temperature above -20°F (-29°C)?
I Reply: Yes.
1-11
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r..<iQ
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 305.2.3, Material for Severe Cyclic Conditions
File: 06-1191
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may pipe material not listed in para. 305.2.3
be used under severe cyclic conditions?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. A323.4.2(a)(3), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Mate-
rials
File: 06-1194
Question: Are PVC and CPVC products that are specifically designed for compressed air and
inert gas service, which meet the material requirements of ASTM D 1784, acceptable for use in
compressed gas service in 831.3 applications?
Reply: No; see para. A323.4.2(a)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para A323.4.2, Fluid Service for Nonmetallic Piping
File: 06-1196
Question: Does the Code permit plastic products for use in compressed air or compressed gas
service in 831.3 applications?
Reply: Yes, except as noted in para. A323.4.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 300.1.1, Content and Coverage

File: 06-1197
Question: Does compliance of a piping component with the requirements of ASME 831.9 assure
compliance with the requirements of ASME 831.3?
Reply: No.
1-12
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. di>.:l
No reproduction may be made of this material withoutwrittenconsentof ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. A302.2.4, Pressure Allowances for Nonmetallic Piping
File: 07-502
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 provide an allowance for surge pressure above the hydrostatic
design stress for thermoplastic piping?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components

file: 07-504
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 provide an approach for designing a hub clamp connector?
Reply: Yes. See either para. 318 or para. 3OO(c)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 302.3.5(e) and Appendix A, Weld Joint Strength Reduction
factor, W
File: 07-505
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 302.3.5(e),may the weld joint strength reduction
factor, W, be taken as 1.0 when applicable testing shows the weld joint has creep-rupture strength
that is equal to or greater than the base material at the design temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 345.2.3(c), Leak Testing of Closure Welds

File: 07-508
Question (1): If a piping system is divided into subassemblies with each subassembly tested
in accordance with para. 345.1, and reassembled as a piping system, do the connecting welds
need to be tested in accordance with para. 345.1?
Reply (1): See Interpretation 20-07.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, if an integrally reinforced branch connection
utilizes a threaded and socket weld outlet combination as an unvalved hydrostatic vent and
drain, and the piping system is tested in accordance with para. 345.1, does the socket welding
qf the test plugs need to be tested in accordance with para. 345.1?
Reply (2): Yes, unless the provisions of para. 345.2.6 apply.
1-13
Inte"retation: 21-37
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 302.3.4, Table 302.3.4, and Table A1-B, Weld Joint Quality Factor
File: 07-1356
Question: Is it acceptable to increase the joint quality factor of Table 302.3.4, No.4, by additional
examination (i.e., 100% radiography)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 304.1.1(b), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe, Maximum and
Nominal Thread Depth
File: 07-1357
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006, when a threaded component in accordance

with ASME B1.20.1 is specified, should the value of 0.02 in. be added to the nominal value of h
for inclusion with factor c of para. 304.1.1, eq. (2)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections

File: 07-1358
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo6, para. 304.3.3(a), may Tb for use in calculating
L" d 2, and A 3 be based on the thickness of the reinforcing barrel if the thickness of the reinforcing
barrel is not uniform within the L4 limit?
Reply: No; however, see paras. 304.3.1(c) and 3OO(c)(3).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Fig. 323.2.2B, Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature
Without Impact Testing
File: 07-1359
Question: Shall the pressures coincident with the metal temperatures under consideration be
used lin determining the stress ratio as defined in the General Notes of Fig. 323.2.2B?
Refly: Yes.
1-14
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. &
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Paras. 321.1.4(c) and 323.2.2(d), Piping Support Materials
File: 07-1360
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo6 address specific impact test requirements for pipe supporting
elements?
Reply: No. See para. 321.1.4(a),which requires materials to be suitable for the service conditions.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.2, Leak Testing, Other Test Requirements
File: 07-1361
Question (1): Is it permissible to use a pump to maintain system test pressure during the testing
period?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): How much pressure drop is acceptable during a hydrostatic leak test?
Question (3): Is there a maximum test pressure allowed during the pressure testing period?
Reply (3): No; however, see paras. 345.2.1(a) and 345.4.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 323.2.2, A-4(b), Impact Testing of Weld Metal and Heat
Affected Zone
File: 07-1362
Question: If one or more of the three exceptions for impact testing of weld metal deposits in
austenitic stainless steel, as stated in clause A-4(b) of Table 323.2.2, are satisfied, is impact testing
of the weld metal and HAZ required for cases where the design minimum temperature is below
-29°C (-20 0P)?
Reply: No.
1-15
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. W
IntellPretation: 21·44
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds - Internal Protrusions
File: 07-1363
Question (1): Does B31.3-2004 address the effect on process flow by internal protrusions in
groove welds?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does Table 341.3.2 define the imperfection where one edge of a groove is left
unconsumed at the root without internal misalignment as incomplete penetration?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with Criterion Value Notes for Table 341.3.2, Symbol E for T w > 6
mm (~ in.), is the multiplication factor 1.5 applicable for aligned porosity length and clustered
porosity length?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations
File: 07-1397
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006, does para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(b) apply when the
overpressure in a system in Normal Fluid Service is less than or equal to 20%?
Reply: Yes, provided the other requirements of para. 302.2.4 are met.
InterJretation: 21-46
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 331, Heat Treatment Requirements

File: 07-1398
Question: For API 5L double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe with a wall thickness greater
than %in., do all welds (e.g., circumferential and longitudinal) require postweld heat treatment
to meet the requirements of ASME B31.3?
Reply: Yes, except as provided for in para. 331.1.1.
1-16
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.<I>.:l
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. t:(Ii
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Appendix M and Para. 301.3.1, Temperature Limits for Category D
Fluid Service
File: 07-1482
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 permit a fluid service that is nonflammable, nontoxic, non-
damaging to human tissues, with a design gage pressure less than 1 035 kPa, and a design
temperature between -29°C and 186°C, to be classified as a Category D fluid service, if the design
minimum temperature as defined in para. 301.3.1 is below -29°C?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 341.3.1(a), Examinations and Postweld Heat Treatment
File: 07-1483
Question: Does para. 341.3.1(a)require examinations be performed after the final heat treatment?
Reply: Yes.
1-17
ASME B31.3 — CUMULATIVE INDEX — INTERPRETATIONS VOLS. 1–25
NUMERICAL INDEX
Code references are based on ASME B31.3-1990 or later editions. References in brackets are to previous editions
and addenda.
Reference Interpretation Reference Interpretation Reference Interpretation

Introduction 1-3 Fig. 300.1.1 1-8 301.3 2-3
1-6 1-19 17-07
1-7 2-26 22-06
13-04 7-10 301.3.1 10-02
20-08 8-17 21-47
300 7-10 22-39 301.3.2 4-11
8-17 300.1.3 [300.1.4] 1-8 23-06
19-11 1-16 301.5.3 4-07
300(b) 1-26 1-19 301.7.2 3-4
1-32 1-26 301.10 22-04
4-08 3-2 302 1-32
5-03 15-09
19-03
8-09 300.1.3(d) 10-05
302.2 1-50
10-11 21-22
302.2.1 16-18
13-14 300.2
302.2.2 17-11
300(c) [300(e)] 1-3 branch connection 25-15
19-02
Category D Design 22-06
1-6 302.2.3 19-19
Temperature
1-7 302.2.4 [302.2.3] 1-3
Category D Fluid 4-13
3-2 1-32
Service
3-4 2-14
5-03
4-10 3-4
6-01
6-03R (Vol. 7) 4-11
19-34
7-05 7-01
Category M Fluid 1-40
8-30 Service 7-04
13-02 1-73 8-04
16-12 6-01 14-09
18-09 8-09 17-12
19-31 9-02 20-03
19-48 flammable 21-25 20-22
20-03 notch-sensitive 2-22 20-51
20-20 owner 2-30 21-45
20-38 piping components 3-2 22-04
300(c)(3) 22-32 8-01 22-37
300.1 7-10 14-03
25-42
8-17 17-23
9-06 302.2.5 13-15
21-24
12-20 302.3 20-25
22-41
21-07 302.3.2 1-18
piping system 1-30
21-32 1-38
9-06
300.1.1 1-47 2-16
severe cyclic 5-12
1-52 conditions 3-13
2-26 8-09 8-25
3-1 Table 300.4 20-23 11-05
4-19 301 5-11 16-04
6-01 301.1 20-40 19-37
8-01 301.2 2-3 19-38
9-02 7-01 302.3.2(f) 25-39
17-01 301.2.1 2-29 25-40
22-34 13-15 Table 302.3.3C 23-10
(a)

302.3.4 2-20 304.1.2 1-42 304.7.2 1-51
17-14 1-57 3-2
Table 302.3.4 1-42 1-68 4-05
1-78 5-05
1-70
2-20 5-11
2-11 6-09
3-11
20-34 10-20 10-07
21-06 21-13 10-11
21-37 22-04 10-18
22-10 304.2 15-14 12-09
302.3.5 1-20 13-02
304.2.1 21-13
1-50 13-03
304.2.2 18-06 13-05
2-14
2-15 304.2.3 1-22 13-11
2-24 5-11 19-29
3-4 Fig. 304.2.3 1-22 20-26
4-10 20-37
304.3 1-21
4-12 21-02
1-46
6-03R (Vol. 7) 21-34
5-01 23-03
6-07
7-04 6-09 23-07
7-05 25-11 24-09
8-16 25-15 25-03
15-15 25-08
304.3.1 19-33
16-11 25-15
304.3.2 4-05 25-19
17-04
304.3.3 4-03 25-39
17-18
18-16 7-02 25-40
20-02 8-06 304.7.4 1-16
21-34 305.1 22-43
8-37
22-07 305.2 3-8
11-10
25-02 3-9
12-05 305.2.1 1-38
25-42
14-10 305.2.3 6-01
Table 302.3.5 16-10
15-05 7-03
22-36
17-26 21-29
24-12
306.1 25-41
25-42 21-39
306.4 12-16
302.3.6 1-50 23-18 306.4.2 11-03
2-15
Fig. 304.3.3 8-37 307.1.2 24-18
2-16
304.3.4 1-21 308.2.1 5-12
2-17
1-37 Table 308.2.1 25-36
19-18
308.2.4 5-12
20-02 1-55
311.2.4 6-02
20-49 1-75 6-05
20-50 2-27 311.2.5 10-04
302.3.6(a) 24-24 312 9-07
25-31
302.4 1-20 314 20-48
Fig. 304.3.4 1-70
303 6-05 314.2.1 2-22
304.1 23-16 304.3.5 12-13
Table 314.2.1 8-33
304.1.1 1-42 304.3.5(e) 22-20 11-16
1-54 304.5 3-4 315.2 3-6
1-70 9-07 315.3 3-6
13-07 10-14 317.2 1-17
15-06 318 8-13
19-12
15-10 318.2.2 19-45
16-14 304.5.1 8-18
319.1.1 20-48
21-38 20-12 319.2.1 2-17
22-21 304.5.1(b) 9-10 20-45
(b)

319.2.3 7-04 323.2 3-9 Table 323.3.1 [Table 323.3.2] (Cont’d)
7-05 323.2.1 1-13 5-19
12-06 323.2.2 15-12 5-21
18-13 15-25 8-29
319.3.1 19-40 19-07 10-02
21-09 19-21 11-12
319.3.1(b) 15-24 19-35 15-23
21-16 19-39 20-10
319.3.2 21-26 19-47 20-31
319.3.5 4-10 20-15 21-18
319.3.6 1-6 20-31 24-14
1-7 23-08 24-28
1-55 23-12 25-22
2-24 25-32
25-29
5-15 323.2.2(d) 22-26
25-37
13-05 22-44
323.3.2 11-12
22-20 323.2.2(f) 22-03R
Table 319.3.6 9-01 22-23 323.3.4 8-30
319.4.1 1-33 Fig. 323.2.2 14-08 Table 323.3.4 22-02
13-14 20-13R (Vol. 23) 323.3.5 2-9
319.4.3 23-04 20-15 24-26
319.4.4 1-71 21-28 25-38
2-7 21-40 Table 323.3.5 5-14
2-24 Fig. 323.2.2B 24-04 323.4 15-03
319.7 1-16 25-12 323.4.2 10-01
7-05 25-32 10-19
321.1.1 6-07 Table 323.2.2 1-12 323.4.3 25-25
321.1.4 1-49 [Table 323.2.1] Table 326.1 1-11
19-36 1-48 1-51
21-41 1-65
2-3
322.3 17-24 1-76
8-07
322.6.1 10-10 2-19
8-34
12-18 3-8
19-14
322.6.3 1-32 4-01
22-05
2-21 4-15
14-12 Chapter V 25-09
2-29
7-01 15-11 328 7-02
12-04 15-16 12-12
14-09 17-09R (Vol. 18) 20-39
22-30 18-12 328.1 12-07
24-16 20-31 328.2 [327.5] 1-66
323.1 19-28 21-01 11-09
323.1.1 8-19 21-43 14-13
17-09R (Vol. 18) 22-03 20-19
19-41 22-03R 25-26
323.1.2 1-11 23-01 Fig. 328.2(b) 22-32
1-15 23-13 328.2.1 [327.5.1, 327.5.2] 1-76
1-48 24-01 4-17
2-1 24-27
8-29
6-06 323.2.4 6-06
19-22
8-07 323.3 1-76
20-19
8-19 5-13
20-43
11-03 20-14
15-04 328.2.2 20-19
22-01
17-01 25-37 328.2.2(g) 14-05
17-08 Table 323.3.1 1-12 328.2.2(i) 19-26
19-27 [Table 323.3.2] 328.2.3 15-19
25-39 1-76 18-08
25-40 4-17 328.4 13-01
(c)

328.4.2 and Fig. 328.4.2 12-10 Table 331.1.1 [Table 331.3.1] (Cont’d) 340.4 [336.2] 1-31
328.4.3 14-04 9-03 17-15
Fig. 328.4.4 8-28 12-14 20-33
9-08 14-16 340.4(a) 24-05
328.5 [327.4] 5-09 17-01 341 10-16
328.5.1 [327.4.1] 5-17 20-44 15-13
22-25 21-12 19-49
22-35 21-19 21-17
22-35R 331.1.2 8-05 341.1.4.1 21-20
328.5.2 [327.4.2] 5-12 331.1.3 [331.3.6] 1-39 341.2 [336.1.1, 336.1.3] 1-10
16-06 1-59 1-26
19-20 4-06 1-27
Fig. 328.5.2 [Fig. 327.4.2] 1-28 5-06 2-28
5-12 9-03 10-03
6-02 11-06 341.3.1 [336.5] 1-64
6-05 14-01 2-4
8-27 15-18 19-15
15-08
17-13 21-48
19-16
17-21 341.3.1(a) 24-30
20-01
18-02 341.3.2 8-32
328.5.3 20-05
19-24 21-44
328.5.4 [327.4.4] 1-59
22-19 22-40
1-74
25-30 Fig. 341.3.2 [Fig. 327.4.1] 5-09
2-10
331.1.4 [331.1.2] 5-08 13-16
4-03
4-14 331.1.6 [331.3.4] 5-08 Table 341.3.2 14-02
7-08 16-09 14-07
8-13 331.1.7 [331.3.2] 1-78 14-15
10-04 8-22 16-07
13-11 331.2 18-04 17-03
21-02 331.2.2 [331.1.1] 1-39 17-22
22-22 1-78 18-07
24-10 331.3.4 8-05 20-16
24-15 331.3.7 8-05 20-20
328.5.4(d) 24-23 332.1 8-03 20-34
328.5.4(e) 24-23 19-04 23-02
Fig. 328.5.4 [Fig. 327.4.4] 1-59 332.2 [329.1] 1-23 24-02
1-74 1-53 24-03
4-03 4-02 [Table 327.4.1A] 1-1
4-16 8-20 1-9
7-08 332.2.2 16-08 1-14
25-17 332.4 [329.3, 330.2] 2-2 1-41
25-20 19-04 2-8
328.6 2-18 332.4.2 11-03 5-04
330 8-21 15-17 5-13
330.1 8-23
333.1.2 25-06 5-16
Table 330.1.1 9-05
335.1 25-01 5-17
331 8-12
335.1.1 15-07 5-18
20-39
17-25 5-20
21-46R (Vol. 23)
335.2 2-5 6-04
331.1.1 8-08
335.2.3 17-20 7-06
9-05
14-01 21-14 [Table 341.3.2A] 8-32
19-15 Fig. 335.3.3(a) 20-36 8-38
Table 331.1.1 1-69 Chapter VI 25-09 9-04
[Table 331.3.1] 25-27 11-08
2-2 340.2 [336.1.2] 1-26 11-14
5-06 340.3 [336.3] 1-10 12-22
8-24 10-03 13-16
(d)

341.3.3 14-14 341.4.3 8-10 345.1 [337.1] 1-4
22-33 20-09 1-30
24-29 341.5 8-38 4-04
25-13 341.5.1 [336.6.1] 1-5 6-08
341.3.4 [336.5, 336.5.4] 1-62 3-12 8-15
2-25 20-34 12-21
2-32 342 15-21 20-24
3-5 342.1 [336.4.1] 2-28 21-36
3-14 21-05 22-14
10-09 24-21 25-23
10-12 345.1(b) 23-05
24-21R
11-02 345.1(d) 23-20
343 [336.4.1] 2-28
11-04 345.2.2 8-31
344 [336.4] 5-09
13-12 18-10
16-13
16-01 20-46
18-11
16-02 20-47
20-42
16-05 21-42
344.1 13-12 345.2.2(a) 24-07
18-01
344.1.3 24-20 345.2.3 20-07
25-05
344.2 [336.4.2] 2-28 20-11
25-14
25-21 8-10 20-24
341.4 [336.5] 1-24 8-26 20-27
1-45 11-11 25-23
3-12 15-21 345.2.3(a) 22-15
5-20 18-17 22-18
11-01 344.2.1 19-17 345.2.3(b) 24-19
21-23 24-21 345.2.3(c) 21-10
22-17 24-21R 22-16
341.4.1 [336.5.1] 1-10 344.2.2 21-20 24-25
1-26 344.5 [336.4.5] 1-10 25-17
1-27 25-24
1-60
1-60 25-34
2-12
2-12 345.2.3(i) 17-28
344.5.1 20-34
20-37
2-28 20-41
345.2.4 [337.4.3] 1-35
3-7 22-08
23-17
3-12 344.6 [336.4.6] 1-60 345.2.5 19-44
4-12 344.6.2 10-17 345.2.6 [337.1] 1-2
5-10 344.7 [336.4.7] 2-28 5-22
8-02 3-14 19-23
8-10
12-01 20-06
8-26
19-17 25-17
10-03
344.7.1 11-11 345.3 [337.3] 2-6
10-17
21-20 3-10
11-11
345 [337] 1-2 5-02
11-14 12-03
1-72
11-15 345.3.1 20-28
2-31
18-14 22-09
19-05 3-3
22-27
19-42 8-31
345.3.4 22-14
20-09 16-03
345.4 8-04
20-34 17-30
19-25
21-04 19-23
22-11
24-02 19-30 345.4.1 12-19
341.4.1(b) 24-08 19-49 345.4.2 [337.4.1] 1-35
25-17 20-17 1-61
341.4.1(b)(1) 24-22 21-11 1-63
341.4.2 8-38 23-14 2-23
24-02 24-11 4-04
(e)

345.4.2 [337.4.1] (Cont’d) A327.2.4 7-09 MA323.4 9-02
9-09 A328 21-15 19-08
13-13 A328.2(a) 10-08 MA323.4.2 8-35
18-03 A328.2.1 8-14 Appendix A Notes (no 2-20
19-10 18-05 equivalent) [(14)]
20-46 A328.2.5 17-06 Note (17) 4-18
345.4.3 [337.4.2] 1-63 A328.5 8-14 Note (20) [(30)] 1-77
345.5 [337.4.4] 1-35 10-08 Note (57) [(2)] 1-58
1-43 13-08 Appendix A
6-08 Chapter IX 24-13 Table A-1 [Table 1] 1-13
11-07 K300 20-09 1-18
13-06 K300(a) 17-16 1-29
19-32 K303 20-21 1-38
22-11 K304.1.2 11-21 1-48
23-15 14-11 1-77
25-07 K304.7.3 25-33 2-1
345.5.1 22-14 K304.8 22-04 3-8
345.5.2 11-19 K314.2 17-19 3-9
23-11 K315 7-07 3-13
345.5.4 12-02 K322.3 7-07 4-12
20-46 K323.1.2 19-09 4-13
345.5.5 25-04 K323.1.5 21-03 6-01
345.7 [337.5.2] 1-36 K323.3 25-35 6-06
345.8 [337.6] 1-25 Table K323.3.1 20-41 7-03
3-10 21-18 8-11
17-02 K323.3.5 21-27 8-18
19-06 Table K326.1 20-21 8-25
20-18 25-35 8-34
345.9 [337.5.1] 4-09 K328.2.1(a) 17-27 8-36
5-07 11-13
K328.2.1(b) 24-06
6-08 12-09
K328.2.1(d) 24-17
8-15 15-01
Fig. K328.5.4 8-37
10-15 19-43
K331.1 25-10
12-01 19-46
K341.4.2 20-09
12-21 20-29
K345.2.3(c) 25-24
15-02 20-32
K346.2(b) 21-03
17-05 21-28
M305.1 12-15
17-10 22-12
M307.2 8-35
18-15 22-28
M313 21-21
20-18 22-42
M314.2.2 20-36
25-23 23-19
M322.3 2-13
25-28 Table A-1B [Table 1] 1-78
3-6
345.9.1 20-06 2-20
M323.1.3 3-7
20-43 4-18
A302.2.3 20-30 M326 2-13 7-03
A302.2.4 21-33 M335.3.3 20-36 23-09
A304 8-14 M335.4 [M335.5, M335.6] 3-6 Appendix B 19-13
A304.1.1 14-17 M341 25-18 Table B-1 22-38
14-18 M341.4 [M336.5] 1-24 Appendix D 1-6
A304.5.1 1-67 1-45 1-7
A304.7.2 13-08 20-09 1-34
A305 11-17 24-02 1-46
A314 8-33 M341.4.1 [M336.5.1] 2-28 1-55
A322.6 17-29 3-7 1-56
A323.4.2 10-06 M345 20-47 1-71
11-18 25-18 2-7
21-30 M345.1 6-08 2-24
21-31 MA306.5 9-02 4-16
Table A326.1 20-30 MA313 21-21 5-01
(f)

Appendix D (Cont’d) Appendix F [F323.2] 1-29 Appendix P 22-07
5-15 Appendix F, F323 20-20 Appendix V 17-17
6-06 Appendix F, FA323.4 20-30 Appendix X, X3.1.3 12-23
12-08 Appendix G 5-12
Appendix X, X3.2.2 13-09
12-11 Appendix H 8-06
11-10 Appendix X, X302.2.3 15-22
12-17
Appendix J 1-28 25-16
13-05
1-54 Case 137 3-1
18-18 1-75 Case 141 1-51
Appendix E 1-44 5-04
[Appendix K] Case 181 22-13
Appendix M 6-01
5-10 8-09 22-29
19-20 20-23 22-31
(g)
(This supplement is not part of the ANSIIASME 831.3. It is included for infonnation only.)
of the subscription service. This supplement includes Interpretations concerning B31 J issued between
January 1,1980, and December 31,1982. Future versions of this supplement will cover inquiries issued
over 1 year periods. Each Interpretation applies to the lat~st Edition or Addenda at the time of issuance of
the Interpretation. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply.
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B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-1,1·:
".. ' .
;. . ~ Subject: Table 327.4.IA, Umitations on Imperfections in Welds
Date Issued: February 8. 1980
File: 1426
Question: Does Note F to Table 327.4.1 A al10w concavity of the root surface of a depth equivalent
to the actual external weld reinforcement, prOVided the reinforcement does nol exceed the maximum al·
lowed by the Code?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee thaI Note F to Table 327.4.1 A allows concavity of the rOOl
surface of a depth equivalent to the actual external weld reinforcement, provided the reinforcement does
not exceed the maximum allowed by the Code.
Date Issued: April II, 1980
File: 1428
Question (1): When pressure testing, does 337 reqUire the test pump to be isolated from the piping
being tested when the test pressure has been attained?
Reply (l): It is the opinion of the Committee that the Code does not require isolation of the test
pump. It is not the intent of the Code to require specific equipment which may be necessary to perform the
examinations and tests required by the Code.
Question (2): What are the acceptance criteria for pressure tests performed in accordance with
ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that the acceptance criterion is a visual examination for
leakage to verify that there are no leaks in the tested piping.
Question (3): In reference to 337.1, what are some examples of "minor repairs or additions"?
Reply (3): It is the opinion of the Committee that minor repairs or additions are those which would
not affect the load carrying ability or leak tightness when precautionary measures are taken to assure sound
construction.
3
1·3 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Interpretation: )-3
Subject: 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations
File: 1434
Question (1): What is the reason for allowances for occasional variations of pressure and tempera-
ture above design conditions in ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Reply (l): As stated in ANSI/ASME B31.3. "Occasional variations of pressure or tempera ture. or
both, above operating levels are characteristic of certain services". It is the opinion of the Committee that
this Code recognizes that occasional loads do not require the same factor of safety on stress as long time
sustained loads. ANSI/ASME B31.3 allows an increase in allowable stress when designing for such varia·
tions prOVided all of the limitations of 302.2.3 (now 302.2.4) are adhered to.
Question (2): Is the allowance normally used in refinery and offshore facilities design?
Reply (2): The Committee does not have statistics on the frequency of application of various Code
provisions by users. It is the opinion of the Committee that occasional variations are normally designed for
in certain services in petroleum refineries and offshore facilities.
Question (3): Is it permissible to apply 302.2.3 (now 302.2.4) to offshore piping installations de-
signed in accordance with ANSI/ ASME B3I.3?
Reply (3): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that all provisions of ANSI/ASME B31.3 are ap-
plicable to all facilities covered by the scope of the Code unless there is a specific statement to the contrary.
The reader is directed to the Introduction and Scope of the Code which state, "The designer is cau.
tioned that the Code is not a design handbook. The Code does not do away"With the need for the designer
or competent engineering judgement" and "Where service requirements necessitate measures beyond the
Code ~imum, such measurts shall be specified by the engineering design. Where so specified, the Code
requires that they be accomplished."
4
831.3 Interpretations No.1 1-4, 1·5
r Interpretation: 1-4
" Subject:
Date Issued:
337.1, Pressure Tests
April II, ]980
File: ]435
Question (]): Does the test referred to in 337.1 apply only to newly constructed piping systems?
Reply (1): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that the test required by 337.J applies only to
newly constructed piping systems, whether in the original installation or replacement in or of existing
facilities.
Question (2): Does the test referred to in 337.1 apply only to leakage to the environment?
Reply (2): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that the test referred to in 337.] applies only to
leakage to the environment.
Interpretation: 1-S
Subject: 336.6.1 (c), Progressive Examination
»ate Issued: April 11, 1980
File: 1444
Question: At what percentage repair rate does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit one to revert to spot
radiography, upon improvement of the quality of welds, in a piping system requiring spot radiography of
welds but which has been subjected to 100% radiography due to poor weld quality?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not set down a repair rate percentage at which time the user may reo
tum to a random or spot percentage. 336.6.l(c), Progressive Examination, requires that all welds represented
by the original examination be repaired or replaced as per 336.6.](c)(]) or 336.6.I(c)(2). It is the opinion
of the Committee that when this is completed, one may revert (0 the original examination requirements.
5
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Subject: 319.3.6, Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: 1446
0i.. ~. , Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME 831.3 provide specific stress intensification factors for unreinforced
or reinforced fabricated pipe intersections which intersect at other than 90 deg.?
Reply (1): It is the opinion of the Committee that ANSI!ASM E B31.3 does not provide specific stress
intensification factors for lateral connections at other than 90 deg.
Question (2): What is the co~rect flexibility and stress intensification factor for welded elbows at
angles less than 90 deg.?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that, in the absence of more directly applicable data,
the flexibility characteristics and stress intensification factors specified for welding elbows and pipe bends
in Appendix D may be applied to welded elbows and pipe bends at angles less than 90 deg. in accordance
with 319.3.6.
The reader is directed to the Scope and Introduction to the Code which state, "Engineering require-
ments of this Code. while considered necessary and adequate (or safe design. generally employ a simplified
approach to the subject. A designer capable of applying a more rigorous analysis shall have the latitude to
do so," The designer is cautioned that the Code does not do away with the need for the designer or com-
petent engineering judgement.
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B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-7. 1-8
Interpretation: 1-7
Subject: Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors for an ANSI B16.9 Butt-Welding Tee ((
.'. ~. '
File: 1450
Question (1): What are the ANSI!ASME B31.3 flexibility and stress intensification factors for an
ANSI B16.9 butt-welding tee with a crotch radius less than 12.5% of the branch outside diameter?
Question (2): What are the ANSI/ASME B31.3 flexibility and stress intensification factors for an
ANSI Bi 6.9 butt·welding tee with a crotch thickness less than 150% of the nominal wall thickness of the
header pipe?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that extruded ANSI B16.9 welding tees with a crotch
radius less than 12.5% of the branch diameter may use flexibility characteristics and stress intensification
factors for an extruded welding tee, provided the crotch thickness is less than 150% of the nominal wall
thickness of the header pipe. If the crotch thickness is greater than 150% of the nominal header wall, or the
ANSI B16.9 tee is fabricated by methods other than extrusion, the designer has the responsibility to deter-
mine the proper flexibility characteristics and stress intensification factors.
The reader is directed to the Introduction and Scope of the Code which state: "Engineering require-
ments of this Code, while considered necessary and adequate for safe design, generally employ a simplified
approach to the subject. A designer capable of applying a more rigorous anaJysis shall have the latitude to do
so. He must be able to demonstrate the validity of his approach."
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Interpretation: 1-8
Subject: Compressors and Internal Piping
!)ate Issued: May 23, 1980
FUe: 1465
Question: Are compressors and internal piping excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: Compressors and internal piping are excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3 as indi-
cated by 300.1.4(d) [now 300.1.3(c)] and Fig. 300.1.1. However, the Code does not prohibit equipment
not within the scope of the Code from being designed to ANSI/ASME 8313. This is a contractual matter
between the manufacturer and customer.
7
I'\. I
Subject: Table 3:!7.4.IA, Limitations on Imperfections in Welds
File: 1449
Question (l): Is it the intent of Notes Band C of Table 327.4.1 A to require evaluation of porosity by
(a) summing the areas of the individual pockets in any square inch of projected weld and rejecting
the weld if the sum exceeds three times the area of a single maximum pocket allowable; or
(b) summing the diameters of the individual pockets in any square inl:h of projected weld and reo
jecting the weld if the sum exceeds the diameter calculated for a circle with an area equal to three times the
area of a single maximum pocket?
Reply (l): It is the opinion of the Committee that the total area of porosity projected radially through
the weld is the sum of the areas of all the individual areas. Neither the greatest dimension of an individual
pocket nor the total projected area shall exceed the limits set forth in Notes Band C, that is part (a) of
Question (I) is the corre!:t me thod.
Question (2): The Inquirer requests that porosity charts be sent to him.
Reply (2): The Committee does not have porosity charts. As a result of your inquiry, the Committee
will consider the addition of SUdl charts to future Addenda to the Code.
Question (3): Are tungsten inclusion imperfections classified as nonfusion or porosity'?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not specifically classify tungsten inclusion imperfections. As a
result of your inquiry, the Committee will consider specific classification for future Addenda.
8 ,
B31.3 In terpretations No. 1 1-10
Interpretation: 1-10 ....

Subject: Radiographic Examination in 336
(T ,
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,
File: 1457
Question: What records are required by 336 for radiographic examinations performed? How long must
the records be retained?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that 336.1.3 requires the manufacturer, the erector, and
the fabricator to prepare suitable records of radiographic examinations performed for the Inspector's use.
336.4.S(b) requires the radiographic methodology to be in accordance with Article 2, Section Vof
the ASME SPV Code. T-236, System of Identification, of Section V states that:
. A system shall be used to produce permanent identification on the
radiograph traceable to the contract, component, weld or weld seam,
or part numbers, as appropriate. In addition, the Manufacturer's sym-
bol or name and the date of the radiograph shall be plainly and per-
manently included on the radiograph.
T·292, Evaluation by Manufacturer, of Section V states that:
Prior to being presented to the Inspector for acceptance, the radio-
graphs shall be examined and interpreted by the Manufacturer as com-
plying with the referencing Code Section. The Manufacturer shall record
on a review form accompanying the radiographs the interpretation of
each radiograph and disposition of the material examined.
T·293, Radiographic Setup Information, of Section V states that:
To aid in proper interpretation of radiographs, details of the radio-
graphic examination setup used shall accompany each group of radio-
graphs if the same information applies. Reference to a standard setup is
acceptable if descriptions of this standard setup are readily available to
the Inspector. As a minimum, the information shall include:
(a) number of rums;
(b) the data specified in T-236 and T-237.
336.S.1(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 requires that the welds selected for random radiography include at
least one weld of each individual welder or welding operator doing the production welding. A record of this
is required so that the Inspector can verify this requirement.
Records are required to be retained to allow the Inspector reasonable time to exercise his rights deline-
ated in 336.3.
9
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,
Subject: Use of MSS SP-75 Fittings
File: 1458
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the usc of ASTM A 633 Gr. E material to be used in the
manufacture of fittings in accordance with MSS SP·75?
Reply: MSS sp· 75 does not list specific materials of construction for fittings covered by that specifi-
cation. It is the opinion of the Committee that it is the responsibility of the designer to insure that the ma-
terial used conforms with the requirements of both MSS SP·75 (Section 6) and ANSI/ASME B31.3.
Chapter III of ANSI!ASME B31.3 provides a basis for establishing allowable stresses and lists some of the
factors to be considered in evaluating the suitability of an unlisted material, such as ASTM A 633 Gr. E.
Subject: Tables 323.2.1 and 323.2.2
File: 1460
Question: What impact tests does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require for solution-annealed Type 304 S5
(0.08 maximum carbon) for:
(1) weld procedure qualification;
(2) welder performance qualification;
(3) production welds?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the impact test requirements for weldments are
covered in Column A of Table 323.3.1 modified by 3b of Column A of Table 323.2.2 to exclude testing
of the heat affected lone. On this basis weld procedure qualification requires one test piece (3 specimens)
for impact testing of the weld for each welding procedure, type of electrode or filler metal (Le., AWS E·XXXX
classification), and each flux to be used. Additional test piece(s) (3 specimens) are required if the material
thicknesses to be welded are outside the range 1/2 to t + 1/4 where t is the thickness of the test piece. Test
pieces are not required for welder performance qualification or production welds.
As a result of your inquiry, the Committee will review present impact requirements for possible
clarification. Ally revision will appear in a subsequent Addenda to the Code.
10
B31.3 Interpretations No. 1 1-13.1-14
Subject: Allowable Stresses for ASTM A 587
File: 1461
Question: Why does ANSl/ASME 831.3 limit allowable stresses in Appendix A to 650°F for ASTM
AS8??
Reply: At the time that ASTM A 587 was added to Appendix A. it was the opinion of the Com-
mittee that a maximum temperature of 650°F was adequate to cover applications of this material in
chemical plant and petroleum refinery piping. It should be noted, however, that this does not preclude the
use of this material at higher temperatures, and procedures for establishing upper temperature limitations
are given in 323:2.1.
As a result of your inquiry, the Committee will review the need for providing allowable stresses at
higher temperatures. Any revision will appear in a subsequent Addenda to the Code.
Subject: Umitations on Undercutting in Table 327.4.1A
. Date Issued: June 20, 1980
Fue: 1466
Question:- Table 327.4.1 A lists the limitations for undercutting on girth welds as the lesser of 1/32
in. or Tw/4 for the depth. Is there a limitation on the length or width of undercutting?
Reply: No. It is the opinion of the Committee that the limiting dimension is only applicable to the
depth of undercutting.
11
1-15.1·16 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: 323.1.1, Listed or Published Specifications
D'Jte Issued: August 1, 1980
File: 1477
Question: What is meant by the term "published specification" as used in 323.1.1?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that a published specification for material is one that con·
tains all of the information outlined in 323.1.1 and is available to the public. In addition, a published speci-
fication is one that has been prepared for continuing usage as opposed to a single or very limited application
such as might be covered in a design specification. Examples of published specifications include manufac-
turer's specifications for proprieury material, federal military speCifications, and unlisted ASTM specifica-
tions.
lnterpretatkln: 1-16
Subject: Expansion Joints
File: 1455
Question: Is an expansion joint that is used to provide for relative movement between the inner and
outer shells of a refrigerated ammonia storage tank, and to seal the space between them. considered to be
piping within the scope of ANSI/ASME 831.3, and therefore subject to the rules of 319.77
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that such a flexible component used in this manner is not
within the scope of ANSl/ASME 831.3 under the provisions of300.1.4(d) [now 300.1.3(d)]. Such exclusion
does not bar contractual agreement between purchaser and manufacturer to apply the provisions of ANSI!
ASME 831.3 to such tank parts insofar as the provisions may be suitable.
12
B31.3 In tcrpretations No. I 1-17. \-\8
Subject: Use of Brazed Joints for Flammable Service
File: 1474
Question: The 1976 Edition allows the use of brazed joints for flammable service. whereas the 1973
Edition prohibits brazed joints in this service. \\'hy are these provisions different?
Reply: The use of brazed joints in flammable service is allowed in the 1976 Edition only if
appropriately safeguarded :IS outlined in Appendix G. Without the consideration for safeguarding. the
1976 Edition prohibits the use of brazed joints in flammable service. which is the same requirement as in
the 1973 Edition. Recognition of safeguarding was not incorporated in the 1973 Edition.
Subject: 302.3.2 Bases for Allowable Stresses
File: 1475
Question: Are the allowable stress values in tension that are listed in Table 1 of Appendix A the
lowest values obtained by applying all of the criteria listed in 302.3.2(d)?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that, in the majority of cases, the allowable stress values in
tension listed in Table 1 of Appendix A are the lowest values obtained by applying all of the criteria listed
in 302.3.2(d), multiplied by the appropriate quality factor (see Note 46 to Table I). For some materials
where it was not possible to obtain allowable stress values based on the criteria of 302.3.2, a more conser·
vative basis was used (e.g., ASME BPV Code, Section VIlI, Division I and ANSI B31.3-1966).
13 C
1-19,1-20 B31.3 Interpretations No.1 ,
\
Subject: Code Exclusions
File: 1478
Question: 300.J.4(c) and (d) [now JOO.l.3(c) and (d)] set out, and Fig. 300.1.1 illustrates, a num-
ber of pieces of equipment that are excluded from the scope of ANSI/ASME B3I.3. Often the equipment
listed as well as other equipment. sometimes of a proprietary nature, is assembled on skids or is packaged in
a manufacturing facility. When such skids or packages containing two or more of the excluded pieces of
equipment are for installation in a facility that is to be in accordance with ANSI!ASME B3I.3, is it the
intent of the Code also to exclude the piping that interconnects the equipment?
Reply: No, such interconnecting piping is not excluded. It is the opinion of the Committee that
neither the assembly method nor the point of assembly are pertinent. Whether skidded or packaged, and
whether assembled in a manufacturing facility or in the field, the intercoMecting piping must comply with
the requirements of the Code any time the ultimate installation must comply. Some examples of where
such piping must conform to the Code are: compressor interstage piping, heater external crossover piping,
and lube oil console piping.
Subject: Th.ickness Allowances in 302.4
D.lte Issued: August 22,1980
File: 1480
Question: Should thickness allowances for items listed in 302.4 (corrosion, erosion, and thread
depth or groove depth) be included in the thickness used in the calculation of longitudinal stresses SL
in 302.3.5(c)?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the thickness allowances described in 302.4 shall no~
be included in the waIl thickness used in the c:aIculation oflongitudinal stresses SL in 302.3.5(c). The
reader is referred to the last sentence of 302.3.5{c).
14
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B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-21, 1-22, 1'~3
Subject: Extruded Outlet Headers
Date Issued: August 22; 1980
..' File: 1482
Question: Are the rules for pressure design of extruded outlet headers in 304.3.4 applicable to ex-
truded outlets that do not fall within the definition of an "extruded outlet header" given in that paragraph?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the rules of 304.3.4 are not applicable to extrudet!
outlets that do not fall within the definition of an extruded outlet header as specified in that paragraph.
Pressure design of branch connections must meet the requirements of 304.3.
Subject: Value of R 1 in 304.2.3
File: 1483
Question: In the pressure design ofeniter bends, is the correct value of R 1 to be used in Eq. (4b) of
304.2.3 the actual bend radius of the value obtained from Eq. (5)1
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the correct value of R 1 to be used in the pressure de·
sign of miter bends in accordance with Eq. (4b) of 304.2.3 is the actual effective bend radius of !T1iter bend
as defmed for Fig. 304.2.3. In addition, compliance with the Code requires that the value of R 1 be equal to
or greater than the value given by Eq. (5).
Subject: Bends '"
'r-
Date Issued: August 22. 1980
j,
Fde: 1485 :'.
Question (1): How does a bend with buckles differ from a corrugated bend?
Reply (1): It is the opinion of the Committee that a corrugated bend has intentional geometrically
spaced corruptions placed at the inside radius, whereas buckling associated with pipe bends is uninten-
tional and random.
Question (2): Define "substantially free of buckles" as used in 329.1.
Reply (2): The Code does not define "substantially free of buckles."
IS
1-24. 1·25 831.3 Interpretations No.1
Int~rprC'tation: 1·24
Subject: 336.5 and M336.5. Extent of Required Examinatiuns
File: 1486
Question: What is the technical basis for the varied p~rcentages of required examinations stated in
336.5.l(b), M336.5.1(b), 336.5.3(b). and M336.5.3(bX2)? [NOTE: M336.5.3(bX2) was deleted in ANSl/
ASME B31.3e·1980.]
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the Code sets forth what industry considers to be the
minimum requirements for the safe design and construction of piping systems. The increasing NDE require.
ments are consistent with the increasing potential for hazards. The designer has the responsibility to specify,
and the owner to require, more stringent requirements when considered necesl'ary to increase the required
level of safety.
Subject: 337.6, Sensitive Leak Test
File: 1484
Question: Does demonstration of the sensitivity requirement of 337.6 apply to the gas and bubble
formation testing method specified in Article 10, Section V of the ASME BPV Code?
Reply: No. It is the opinion of the Committee that demonstration of the sensitivity requirement of
337.6 is required only if a testing method other than the gas and bubble formation testing method specified
in Article 10, Section V of the ASME BPV Code is intended to be used.
16
B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-26
Subject: Examination and Inspection
File: 1488
An equipment fabricator is contracted by an owner to construct a palletized assembly of components

and interconnecting piping to meet ANSI!ASME B31.3. Some of the components (e.g., heat exchangers)
are supplied by the owner and some of the components (e.g., valves) are purchased by the fabricator. The
engineering design is the owner's.
Question (I): With regard to 300(b)(I) and 336.1.2, does the owner have the overall responsibility,
exercised through the Authorized Inspector, to verify that compliance with all the applicable requirements
of ANSI!ASME B31.3 and the engineering design have been met by the fabricator? (NOTE: The term
A.uthorized Inspector is now Owner's Inspector.)
Reply (1): Yes. It is the opinion of the Committee that under the conditions given, the owner is also
the designer and has overall responsibility for compliance with Code requirements both for the engineering
design and the required examinations and tests.
Question (2): With regard to 336.5.l(d), does the certification referred to apply only to components
and materials, or also to fabrication, examination, inspection, and test?
Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that the certification applies only to components and
materials.
Question (3): With regard to 336.1.1, under the conditions defined above, is the fabricator respon-
sible for fulm.ling the requirements of the examiner?
Reply (3): It is the opinion of the Committee that the fabricator is responsible for fulfilling the re-
quirements of the examiner unless otherwise specified by the owner or the engineering design.
Question (4): With regard to 336.5.1(d), if the fabricator and the examiner cannot or will not provide
the owner (Authorized Inspector) with a written certification on the materials and components, is it in
compliance with the Code if the Authorized Inspector certifies that the components and materials meet the
requirements of ANSI!ASME B31.3, provided that supporting certifications, records, or other evidence have
been reviewed by the Authorized Inspector and found satisfactory?
Reply (4): It is the opinion of the Committee that this is in compliance with the Code.
Question (5): With regard to 336.5.J(d), are the fabricator and the examiner required to furnish a
certification only for the materials and components that the fabricator supplied, or are they also reqUired
to furnish I certification for the owner supplied components?
Reply (5): The Code requires that I certification be furnished for alJ materials and components. Nor-
mally the certification is furnished by the entity providing the materials or components, but since specific
contractual agreements can modify that, it is not a matter of Code interpretation.
17
c
... ,
.~ ,-. ~ "
/J-26. 1-27. 1·28 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
l Question (6): With regard to 300.1.4(d) [later changed to 300.1.3(d)]. arc pressure vessels, heat ex·
changers. pumps. and other fluid handling or process equipment, including intcTIlal piping and connections
for external piping. excluded from ANSl/ AS~1l~ 831.31
Reply (6): It is the opinion of the Committee that pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps, and
other fluid handling or process equipment. including internal piping and connections for external piping,
are excluded from ANSl/ASME 831.3. as indicated in 300.1.4(d) (later changed to 300.1.3(d)}.
Subject: Random Radiography in 336.5.1(b)
File: 1489
Question (1): Is it the intent of 336.5.1(b) that. in addition to the required radiography of 5% of
circumferential buttwelds for a designated lot of piping, a minimum of 5% of each welder's welds be also
radiographed?
Reply (1): No. It is the opinion of the Committee that it is the intent of the Code that each welder's
work be included in the 5% examination required in 336.S.1(b). It is not the intent to require examination
of 5% of each welder's work.
Question (2): Who selects the random welds to be examined?

., Reply (2): It is the opinion of the Committee that 336.1,3 places the responsibility for performing
examinations on the manufacturer, the fabricator, or the erector; and therefore, in the absence of any con-
tractual arrangement between the owner and the manufacturer, the fabricator, or the erector giving the
owner the right to select welds for examination, the choice of selected welds would be the prerogative of
the manufacturer. the fabricator, or the erector.
Subject: Defmition of Tin Fig. 327.4.2B
Date Issued: October 10. 1980 t· :

~'
File: 1491
f
Question: Figure 321.4.2B refers to the symbol T. What is the definition of T?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the definition of the symbol Tis Jiven in Appendix J. "
..
8
,
•.•...
j.
'.
-----
---------
B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1·29,1-30
Interpretation: ) ·29
Subject: Allowable Stresses for Austenitic Stainless Steel H Grades
File: 1492
Question: May the allowable stresses for ASTM A 312 Grade TP 347H pipe shown in Appendix A,
Table I be used at 1000°F and below for material that has had a stabilizing heat treatment at ISOO°F to
enhance corrosion resistance following the required solution anneal?
Reply: It is the opinion of the Committee that the allowable stresses in Appendix A, Table 1 for
all austenitic stainless steel H grades are applicable whether or not the material has received a I500°F heat
treatment.
It should be noted, however, that heat treatment to enhance corrosion resistance is not a Code mat·
ter, and as indicated in Appendix F [F323.2(c)(2»), the designer has a responsibility to consider the pos·
sible adverse effects of any heat treatment that he might specify.
Subject: Change of Wording in 337.1
File: 1495
Question: What is the reason for changing the rust sentence in 337.1 of ANSI B31.3·1976 from
"Prior to initial operation, installed piping shall be..." To "Prior to initial operation, each piping system
shall be ..."? This change is in Addenda ANSI/ASME B31.3d·1980.
Reply: This change was made because "installed piping" was not dermed and "piping system" is
dermed in 300.2.
19
C',
1-31. 1-3:! B31.3 Interpretations No. I
.. ...."
Subject: 336.1, Qualification of the Owner's Inspector .>
I)Jte Issued: November 3, 1980
File: 1499
Question: May the piping erector ofa facility designed in accordance with ANSI/ASME 831.3 also
act as the Authorized Inspector?
Reply: As stated in 336.1, the Authorized Inspector shall not represent nor be an employee of the
piping erector unless the owner is also the erector. Please note that the term Authorized Inspector has been
changed to Owner's Inspector in ANSI!ASME 831.3e·1980.
Date Issued: January 9.1981
File: 1490
Question (l): What specific rules govern the setting of pressure relief devices in ANSI/ASME 831.3?
Reply (I): ANSI/ASME 831.3 does not give specific rules for determining the set pressure on pres·
sure relief devices. The exact set pressure is the responsibility of the designer.
Question (2): May the limitations in 302.2.3 be used as the basis for determining the setting of pres-
sure relief devices?
Reply (2): The limitations in 302.2.3 may not be used as the only basis for determining the set pres-
sure of relief devices. The pressure setting of relief devices shall be such as to safely relieve excessive pres·
sures above those for which the piping system has been designed, considering all design conditions specified
in 302, including the allowances for pressure·temperature variations iit 302.2.3, as well as such considerations
as pressure accumulation and relief device capacity.
The designer is cautioned that pressure relief devices are only capable of limiting pressure. Assurance
of compliance with the limits on frequency and duration used by the designer in the design is the responsi·
bility of the owner [see 300(b)] .
20
•
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'/
Subject: 319.4.1, Requirements for Analysis '<.,'
File: 1507
Question (1): 319.4.l(c) of ANSI B31.3-1976 lists an empirical equation that can be used to exempt
piping systems from the requirement fora formal analysis of adequate flexibility. The statement is made
that in order to apply Eq. 19 (Eq.16, 1980 Ed.), the system must be "of uniform size". Please provide an
interpretation on what is meant by "uniform size".
Reply (1): Uniform size refers to a piping system of a single nominal diameter and thickness.
Question (2): In a footnote, a warning is given listing additional criteria to be considered. Contained
in the warning is a reference to "near straight sawtooth runs". Please provide an interpretation of what
"near straight sawtooth runs" are.
Reply (2): Near straight sawtooth runs occur in piping systems containing more than one small U, L.
or Z shaped expansion loop, or bends between two anchor points.
Question (3): Considering the limitations referenced, is it the opinion of the Committee that the
formula is in general use?
Reply (3): The Committee cannot offer any specific information concerning the frequency or use of
the formula; however, the Committee is aware that the formula is still used.
The reader is referred to a paper by A. R. C. Madel, "Piping Flexibility Analysis," published in the
ASME transactions, 1955, for additional information.
Subject: Appendix D on Stress Intensification Factors
File: 1470-1
Question: Is it the intent that the stress intensification factors shown in Appendix D of each reo
spective Code be applied for sustained and occasional loads as weD as for expansion loads?
Reply: Stress intensification factors (SIF's) listed in Appendix D of the various Code Sections
are intended for design against fatigue failure and were to a large extent developed from cyclic bending
tests of piping components. Therefore, the application of the SIF for cyclic bending and torsion loads is
appropriate. Sustained and occasional loads may not be cyclic loads; however, it is the intent of the various
Codes to provide adequate protection from component collapse. It has been shown that the SIF of 0.75;
(but not less than 1.0) found in ANSI/ASMEB31.1 applied to sustained and occasional bending and torsion
loads provides a conservative margin against component collapse.
21
t
( Interpretation: 1·35 .........
Subjcct: Hydrostatic and Pneumatic Testing
Date Issued: March 6. 1981
File: 1508
Question: If piping designed for external pressure is tested hydrostatically or pneumatically in

accordance with 337.4.3(a) or 337.4.4, is it necessary to use the ratio of the allowable stress at test tem-
perature to the allowable stress at design temperature in establishing the test pressurc, as in Eq. 27 (now
Eq. 24) of 337.4.I(b)?
Reply: No.
Subject: 337.5.2, Alternative Test for Category 0 Fluid Service

File: 1509
Question (1): What pressure should be used for the preliminary check required in 337.5.2 if the op-
erating pressure of the system does not exceed 25 psig?
Reply (1): It is the intent of 337.5.2 that the preliminary check be conducted at a pressure less than
the operating pressure to minimize the consequences of gross leakage or failure dUring the test. The value
to be used shall be selected by the designer after consideration of such consequences.
Question (2): What test fluid does 337.5.2 require for the preliminary check?
Reply (2): 337.5.2 does not define the test fluid requirements for the preliminary check.
Question (3): May the preliminary check be waived if the operating pressure is less than 25 psig?
Reply (3): No.
Please note that the test may be conducted during or prior to initial operation.
22
Subject: Use of Term, "Radius of allY Arc Sector of Approximately 45.deg." in 304.3.4(c)
File: 1496
Question: In 304.3.4(c)(3), what is intended by the expression "radius of any alC sector of approxi·
mately 4S deg."?
Reply: The approximate 45 deg. arc sector is specified as a practical necessity for establishing maxi·
mum and minimum radii limits on a die controlled contour that may have a continuously varying radius of
curvature. The current Edition of the Code does not address the limits of radii at any specific point on the
surface, although the intent of the Code is met if the radius of curvature is nowhere less than the specified
minimum. The best fit radius to any 45 deg. arc shall be within the minimum and maxinlum radii limits
specified in 304.3.4.
Subject: Yield Strength Values for ASTM A 570 Gr. C
File: 1510
Question: Using the criteria of ANSI/ASME B31.3, what values of yield strength for ASTM A 570
Gr..C are suitable for establishing allowable stresses for this material from -20°F to 750°F?
Reply: Suitable yield strength values for ASTM A 570 Gr. C from -20°F to 750°F are:
Temperature, eF Yield Strength, ksi
-20 to 100 33.0
200 30.1
300 29.3
400 28.3
500 26.7
600 24.4
6S0 24.0
700 23.8
750 23.1
Note that the yield strength does not govern in estabUshing allowable stresses in this temperature range.
It should be noted also that the only pipe specification listed in Appendix A using ASTM A 570 material is
A 134, which is limited to Category D Fluid Service (see 30S.2.l).
23
c
1·39. 1-40 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Subject: 331.3.6. Thickness Effect on Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 1517
Question (1): In ANSI/ASME B31.3, is postweld heat treatment required for an NPS 2 or smaller
socket or seal weld if the fitting is A 182·F5, the pipe is A 33S·PS, a 350°F preheat is used, and the mlet
weld size is less than Yo: in.?
Reply (I): No, if the provisions of 331.3.6(b) (2) are met.
Question (2): Same, except the fitting is A 182·Fsa?
Reply (2): Postweld heat treatment is required by 331.3.6(b) (2). Exceptions to this requirement are
in 331.1.1 and 331.3.6(b) (3).
Question (3): In ANSI!ASME B31.3, is postweld heat treatment required for an NPS 2 or smaller
socket or se~ weld if the fitting is A 182·Fs or A 182·Fsa, the pipe is A 33s·Ps, and the weld is made with
metal that is not air hardening?
Reply (3): No, provided the requirements of 331.3.6(b) (3) are met.
Interpretation: 140
Subject: Defmition of Category M Fluid Service in 300.2
File: 1518
Question: What constitutes "a very small quantity" in the defi~ition of Category M Fluid Service,
in 300.21
Reply: "A very small quantity" is the amount determined by the owner to be significant in his
identification of a Category M Fluid Service. See 300(b) (I).
24
B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-41,1-42,1-43
Interpretation: 141
Subject: Table 327.4.1A, Umitations on Imperfections in Welds
File: 1522
Question: Arc different type imperfections as listed in Table 327.4.1A permitted in the same area, as
long as each specific imperfection is within its own respective limitation?
Reply: Yes.
Interpretation: 142
Subject: Joint Factors
File: 1527
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require the use ofa joint factor Ej other than 1.0 when estab·
lishing SE values for calculating the required thickness (304.1) of seamless pipe containing a circumferential
weld(s)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Why doesn't Table 302.3.4 list a joint factor for a circumferential or girth butt weld?
Reply (2): Table 302.3.4 does not list a joint factor for a circumferential or girth butt·weld because
none of the design rules covered in ANSI/ASME B31.3 require the use of such a factor.
Interpretation: 143
Subject: 337.4.4, Pneumatic Testing
Date Issued: May 22.1981
File: 1531
Question: Should a temperature correction such as that given in Eq. 24 of 337.4.2 (Eq. 27 of the
1976 Edition) be applied to a pneumatic pressure test in 337.4.4?
Reply: The requirement for a temperature correction does not apply to pneumatic pressure testing
in 337.4.4.
25
144, 145 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Interpretation: 144 "

,',
Subject: Components and Material Manufactured to an Edition of a Standard or Specification

Which Has Been Superseded
File: 1526 (3)
Question: Dated component standards and materials specifications which are acceptable for use are
listed in Appendix K. Under what conditions is it permissible to use components and material manufactured
to a superseded or later edition of these standards and specifications?
Reply: Components and material manufactured to an edition of a standard or specification which has
been superseded in the ANSI/ASME B31.3 Code may be used in piping systems designed and constructed to
the edition of the Code in which they were listed.
Components and material manufactured to an edition of a standard or specification which has been
superseded or has a later date than in the edition of ANSI/ASME B31.3 under which the piping system(s) is
being designed and constructed shall be evaluated as an unlisted component (302.2.3) or unlisted material
(323.1.1).
Interpretation: 145
Subject: 336.5 and M336.5, Type and Extent of Required Examination
File: 1542
Question: 336.5.1 (b) requires that random radiography be used to examine the full length of at least
5% of the circumferential butt welds in a piping installation. M336.5.l (b) increases the minimum to 20%
and includes other types of welds. Referring only to circumferential butt welds, if 100% radiography is ap-
plied, may the user omit the visual examination of these welds which is required by 336.5.1 (a) and
M336.5.1 (a), respectively?
Reply: No.
26
• 0·" ..
---------- ---~------,- ---- -~----- -----

B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-46
Interpretation: 146
Date Issued: August 7.1981
File: 1537
Question: When applying the equations given in Appendix 0 for determining the stress intensifica·
tion factor for a reinforced fabricated tee with a pad, what limits does the Code place on the width of the
reinforcing pad?
Reply.: The Code does not place any limits on the width of reinforcing pad used other than those reo
quired by 304.3 for pressure design.
The reader is referred to the transactions of the ASME Vol. 74, No.3, "Fatigue Tests of Piping
Components" by A. R. C. Mark! for a more complete discussion of the technical basis for the Code rules.
(
27
. '.".:.'
(2 .
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-:
------ _ _-
.. -
Subject: 1331.3 and 1331.4, Comparison orCodes
l)Jte IsslIed: Septcmber 4, 1981
File: 1538
Question: Why cannot the two piping Code Sections B31.3 and 831.4 be combined into a single
Code Section?
Reply: It is the opiniun of the BJ 1 Cummit tce that it is appropriate to continue publishing ANSI!
ASME 1331.3 and ANSI/ASME B31.4 as separate Cude Sectiuns for the folloWing reasons.
(a) Estahlislu:d Practice. Publication of separate Code Sections began in 1952. In 1955, the B31
Committee decided, after review of pertinent factors, that other industry Sections should also be published
separately. The last edition of a combined Code for Pressure Piping, ASA B31.1·1955, appeared that same
year.
(b) Basis for Decisions. Questions of combining Code Sections, as well as developing new Sec·
tions, have been rais~d periodically during the past 25 years and, in fact, decisions to combine two Sections
have been made in two instances. Decisions to merge, or to develop separate Se..:tions, have been based on
similarities and differences in the folloWing factors:
(1) Services - fluids handled, range of pressure and temperature, etc.
(2) Environments - surroundings which may impact on piping safety, or which may be affected
by possible piping failure.
(3) Application - how the Code is used; actual or potential regulatory jurisdictions.
These factors, where they differ substantially as in the case of piping for refineries and chemical
plants versus piping for cross-country oil transportation, account for crucial differences in philosophy reo
lating to design. construction, operation, and maintenance of piping - which in turn necessita te separate
Sections.
(c) Diffm:llL'cs vs. Similarities. Similarities among different Code Sections are natural and encouraged
because of similarities in the basic subject matter. Several technical Committees are maintained by the B31
Committee to exploit opportunities for common practice among all Code Sections. But these similarities do
not warrant merging one Section with another where basic differences in services, environment, and applica·
tion exist.
(d) Specific Differences. A few of the major differences between B31.3 and B31.4that arise from
basic differences outlined above arc listed here. There are many others..
(1) Allowable Stress Basis. The more extensive and complex criteria in B31.3 are necessitated by
the extreme range of temperatures and material of construction.
(2) Unlisted MateriJlls and Cumpcments. nlese are not permitted under B31.4 because services
are of limited diversity. They arc permitted, with rules for qualifying them, in B31.3 because unanticipated
service can be expected to require them. .
(3) Umi/atiuns un Components and Joints. These are expressed as straightforward rules in 831.4.
In B31.3 they require complex guidelines (e.g.• the safeguarding and severe cyclic conditions concepts) be·
cause of the diversity of services and environments. .
(4) Operation and Maimelw"cc. nlese are not dealt with in B31.3 because the complexity of
activities is too great for effective codilication (e.g., corrosion can take so many forms and result from so
many sources that the designer must rely on expertise not found in the Cllde). In 831.4 the fruits of many
years of experience are summed up in useful rules (e.g., for corrosion protection and monitoring) which also
aid in protecting the public.
28
B3I.3 Interpretations No. 1 148,149,1'50
Interpretation: 148
," :
Subject: Carbon Sleel Pipe C
. ~',
<~~:., ,
Date Issued: September 8, 198 I
File: 1549
Question (1): For carbon steel pipe made from plate (such as ASTM A671) for service below -20°F, is
normalizing the plale acceptable or does the pipe require normalizing?
Reply (I): Either approach is acceptable as long as the finished product meets the impact require-
ments of the Code.
Question (2): What are the allowable B31.3 stresses for ASTM A671 Classes 30, 31, and 32?
Reply (2): The allowable stresses for unlisted materials may be determined in accordance with
323.1.1.
Interpretation: 149
Subject: 321, Design of Pipe Supporting Elements
File: 1552
Question: Does 321.1.4(d) permit plastic materials approved for pressure piping to be used as pipe
support elements in tension at pipe temperatures above ambient?
Reply: Yes, provided the other reqUirements of 321.1 have been satisfied.
Interpretation: I-SO
Subject: Loads Due to Pressure Surges
Date Issued: September 8. 1981
PUe: ISS3
Question: How shall longitudinal piping stresses due to unbalanced loads from pressure surges which
result in anchor displacements be evaluated in ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: Loads due to pressure surges are considered as primary loads. and longitudinal stress limits
must comply with 302.3.3(c) for sustained loads or 302.3.6 for occasional loads. Pressure-temperature
limits of 302.2 must also be met.
29
(
1·5 I, 1·52 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Intcrprcbtioll: 1-S 1
(".
Subject: Use of Aluminum Flanges
File: 1554
Question: Will ASME B31 reinstate ANSI BI6.31, "Non·Ferrous Pipe Flanges 150,300,600,900,
1500 and 2000 lb" that has been dropped from ANSI/ASME B31.3·1980 Edition, Addenda ANSI/ASME
B31.3a-198I ?
Reply: Since the American National Standards Institute has withdrawn ANSI B16.3 I, the Com-
mittee considers it inappropriate to reference it. Please refer to 304.7.2 for qualifying unlisted aluminum
flanges.
Subject: B31.1 and B31.3, Synfuel Plant Piping
File: 1541
.. Question: What section of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31, may be used for materials, de-
•j
sign, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection, and test of piping within coal based syn fuels
plants for the production of electric power and/or industrial steam?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies to piping associated with power boilers and subject to ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section 1inspection and stamping. (See B31.1, 300.1.3 (b) and Fig.
300.1.1.)
Either ANSI/ASME B31.1 or B31.3 is applicable to other piping associated with the production or
distribution of industrial steam or production of electric power. (See B31.3, Fig. 300.1.1.)
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applies to all other piping.
30
B31.3 Interpretations No. I I-53, I-54
Subject: Ddinition of "Substantially Free of Buckles"
File: 148SR
Question: Since ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not specifically define the phrase "substantially free of
buckles," is it intended that the definition of "substantially," given in Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary,
be applicable?
Reply: It is appropriate to use a recognized English language dictionary for each of the words in a
phrase, in the absence of any specific definition in the Code.
Subject: Definition of "d" in 304. l.l (b)
FUe: 1566
Question: In accordance with 304. l.l (b), what is the correct definition of d, inside diameter of pipe,
given in equation form?
Reply: The correct dermition of d for pressure design is given by the following equation: ,.
d -D- 2(T- c)
where D and care dermed in 304.1.1 and T = pipe wall thickness, measured or minimum per purchase
specification (see Appendix 1).
31
}-55 B31.3 Interpretations No. }
Subject: 304.3.4 and Appendix D
[}Jte Issued: February 19, 1982
File: 1567
Question (1): Maya "drawn tee" be considered as an extruded outlet header in accordance with
304.3.4?
Reply (I): Yes, provided that it is extruded using a die or dies to control the radii of the extrusion
and that all of the limits on geometry required by 304.3.4 are met.
Question (2): Are the stress intensification factors given in Appendix 0 for welding tees valid for
fabricated tees and/or for tees formed by an extrusion process?
Reply (2): The stress intensification factors given in Appendix 0 for welding tees are not valid for
fabricated tees employing intersection welds. Stress intensification factors for fabricated tees are given
separately in Appendix 0 in the description column.
The stress intensification factors for welding tees formed by an extrusion process are given in Appen·
dix 0 both for tees in accordance with ANSI B16.9, with the geometry limits specified, and for extruded
welding tees with other geometry limits.
Question (3): Is the flexibility characteristic h specified in Appendix 0 for an extruded welding tee
valid only within the geometry limits for, given in 304.3.4(c)?
Reply (3): Yes. Refer to Note 2 in Appendix D. .'
Question (4): When the geometry limits specified for the components listed in Appendix D are not
met, what equations should be used in calculating the respective flexibility characteristic h?
Reply (4): ANSl/AsME B31.3 does not specifically address the requirements for flexibility charac·
teristic h outside the geometry limits specified in Appendix D. Refer to 319.3.6 for components not covered
. in Appendix D.
Question (5): Are the geometry limitations specified for components listed in Appendix D intended
to be mandatory for manufacturing such components?
Reply (5): No; unless specifically required elsewhere in ANSl/ASME B31.3, the geometry limitations
given in Appendix 0 are intended only to provide limits on the specific applicability of the equations for
flexibility characteristic h.
Question (6): Can the limitations on,x required in 304.3.4(c) and Appendix D both be met in all
instances?
Reply (6): In certain instances, for large diameter welding tees for ANSI BI6.9. all of th~ geometry
limits specified for,x in Appendix D and in 304.3.4(c) cannot be met, in which case the flexibility char-
acteristic II specified for B16.9 welding tees is not directly applicable. Appendix 0 also provides an equa-
tion for flexibility characteristic h for extruded welding tees with other than B16.9 geometry limitations.
Refer also to 319.3.6 for components not covered in Appendix D.
32
~ ,!
B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1·56
Interpreta tion: 1·56
File: 1443
Question (1): What is the basis for the formulas for stress intensification factors and flexibility f3ctors
given in Appendix D?
Reply (J): Basic background material for derivations of formulas for flexibility characteristics can be
found in the following:
(0) "Fatigue Tests of Welding Elbows and Comparable Double-Mitre Bends," by A. R. C. Markl,
Trans. ASME Vol. 69, n 8, 1947, pp. 869·879.
(b) "Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies," by A. R. C. Markl and H. H. George, Trans. ASME
Vol. 72,1950, pp. 77-87.
(c) "Fatigue Tests of Piping Components:' by A. R. C. Markl, Trans. ASME Vol. 74, 1952,
pp.287.303.
(d) "Piping Flexibility Analysis," by A. R. C. Markl, Trans. ASME Vol. 77,1955, pp. 127·149.
(e) "-Effects of Internal Pressure on Flexibility and Stress·Intensification Factors of Curved Pipe
or Welding Elbows," E. C. Rodabaugh and H. H. George, Trans. ASME Vol. 79, 1957.
if) "Comparisons of Test Data with Code Methods for Fatigue Evaluation," by E. C. Rodabaugh
and S. E. Moore, Phase Report No. 115·10, ORNL·TM·3520, Nov. 1971.
Question (2): What is the effect of relative branch to run diameter on the flexibility characteristic h
···l).....
' .. ,'.
;~
in Appendix D? "~"
e·
I. . . \
. .'
Reply (2): The relative effect of branch diameter to run diameter on flexibility characteristic h for
branch outlets is being investigated at the present time. When properly substantiated design criteria are
available, they will be considered for inclusion in the Code.
Question (3): Is f shown in Appendix D for extruded welding tees the nominal wall thickness of
the fitting or the matching pipe?
Reply (3): The T to be used is the wall thickness of the matching pipe.
Question (4): What is the effect of external crotch radius,x and crotch wall thickness Tc on flexibil·
ity characteristic h or extruded outlets?
Reply (4): The effect of crotch radius,x on flexibility characteristic h for extruded welding tees
within specified thickness limits is given in Appendix D. From a practical standpoint both the external
radius of curvature 'x and the crotch wall thickness Tc have influence on the flexibility characteristic h.
The formulated relationship has not been developed at the present time.
33 c:
I-57, I-58 831.3 Interpretations No.1
Interpretation: 1·57 , . -~'.
File: 1559
Question (1): In accordance with 304.1.2, may the Lame Eq. (3c) be used instead ofEq. (3a) for the
internal pressure design of straight pipe?
Reply (1): Yes, Eqs. (3a), (3b), and (3c) are all permissible.
"
Question (2): When the pipe wall thickness t is equal to or greater than 0.385, may the Lame theory
be used for calculating the stresses due to internal pressure?
Reply (2): Yes, the Lame theory may be used for the determination of elastic pressure stresses; how·
ever, in the pressure design of piping components, other factors need to be considered such as those listed
in 304.1.2(b).
A discussion concerning the bursting strength of thick walled cylinders is contained in the ASME
publication, "Pressure Vessels and Piping: Design and Analysis., A Decade of Progress," B. F. Langer Com·
memorative Volume, Vol. One, 1972.
. ", J
Subject: Note 2 of Appendix A .. "
File: 1568
Question: Why does Note 2 of Appendix A specify a temperature of 800°F relative to the onset of
. graphitization rather than 775°F as in ANSI/ASME B31.1 ?
Reply: Since the disassociation of the metastable iron carbide to graphite and iron is influenced by
many factors in addition to temperature (including time of exposure), it is difficult to be very precise in
specifying a temperature above which prolonged exposure will cause graphitization. The Committee con·
siders the value of 800°F to be reasonable.
34
I
831.3 Interpretations No. I 1-59,1-60
Interprctation: I-59
Subject: 331.3.6, Thickness Effect on Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 1577
Question: 331.3 .6(a) of ANSI/ASME 831.3·1980 gives formulas for calculating thickness of various
branch welds to determine if the weld requires heat treatment. For detail (I) of Fig. 327.4.40, the thickness
is given as Tb + te. The value of te is defined in 327 .4.4(b) as "the smaller of 0.7 Tb or Y.a in." For most, the
nIlet size te is usually larger than y~ in. What value is reqUired to be used for te when determining heat treat-
ment requirements?
Reply: 327.4.4(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.3-1980 states, "Welds shall be calculated in accordance with
304.3.3 but shall not be leSs than the sizes shown in Fig. 327.4.40." The value for te to be used is the
greater of the minimum required in 327.4.4(b) (the smaller of 0.7 Tb or Y.a in.) or the size calculated for-the
design.
Subject: 336.5.1, Examination Normally Required
~'.'
1'.;
. . :-:,;.1""
" .
File: 1569 '.
Question: 336.5.1(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.3-1980 Edition requires a minimum of 5% of circumferen-

tial butt welds to be examined fully by random radiography ~n accordance with 336.4.5 or by ultrasonic
examination in accordance with 336.4.6 when piping is intended for service at temperatures above 366°F
(l86°C) or gage pressure above 150 psi (1030 \cPa). If the fluid is toxic or flammable and exceeds neither
150 psig nor 366°F service, does the 5% minimum examination apply?
Reply: The 1981 Addenda, ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1981, requires the 5% minimum examination if the
fluid is toxic or flammable without regard to the pressure or temperature. Prior to issuance of the above
Addenda, the 5% minimum examination did not apply. Also, please note that if specified in the engineering
design. in-process examination may be substituted on a weld-for-weld basis for the radiographic or ultrasonic
eXJrtlination.
3S
._-- ---
c- •...,.- .• Interpretation: 1·61

t ' .
\~. Subject: 337.4.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Internally Pressured Piping
Date Issued: June9,l982
File: 1576
Question (l): 337.4.1 (c) allows the hydrostatic test pressure to be reduced to the maximum pressure
that will not exceed the yield strength at test temperature. Does the Code require a weld joint qu:di'ty factor
to be applied when calculating this maximum pressure?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Is this considered safe?
Reply (2): Yes, when all applicable requirements of the Code have been fulfilled; but no single reo
quirement can be considered as the sole criterion for safety.
36
(S "'.
~. ....•. '.
~, ," ":
Subject: 336.5, Types and Extent of Required Examinations .. .
;-",
File: 1578
Question (1): The third sentence of 336.5 states, "when the required examination of a spot or
random type reveals a defect requiring repair, two additional examinations of the same kind of item (if of a
weld, others by the same welder or welding operation)."
Is it the intent of the Code that "same kind" encompass all of the following?
(0) same type of base material;
(b) same type of weldment;
(c) same size of butt weld;
(d) same method of welding operation.
Reply (1): No. This is a general statement applying to all spot and random examinations, Le., it is
not limited to welds. "same kind" examples are supports, threaded joints, bolted joints, alignment, cold
spring, and welds. With respect to welds, the Code is not specific as to what criteria determine "same kind"
except for the same welder or welding operator, but leaves such factors as base material, welding procedure,
size of pipe, etc., to the requirements of the engineering design.
Question (2): Please refer to the progressive examination delineated in 336.5. For 5% radiography, at
the point of original examination, a 5% sampling has been represented (1 out of 20). Should that radiograph
fan to meet specification, two additional examinations are required, which represents a 15% (3 out of 20)
sampling.
(0) If any of the second group faUs to meet Code, is it mandatory, as the Code implies, that
further examinations are required? Is the alternative available whereby all welds of that given group of 20
may be totally repaired without subsequent radiographs?
(b) If any of the third group of radiographed welds fails to meet Code, does one progress to a
fourth group?
Reply (2):
(0) No to both questions. The following options are available.
(1) Replace all items in the group. Examinations performed on items which are subsequently
replaced may not be counted as contributing toward the required percent random examination.
(2) Continue progressive examination, repair and reradiograph all defective welds until they
are acceptable. Only the first weld in the group may be counted toward the required percent.
(3) Repair and radiograph all welds in the group until all are acceptable. Only the fust weld
in the group may be counted toward the required percent.
(b) No. At this point in the progression. aU welds in the group (20) shall be replaced or repaired
and radiographed until acceptable.
Question (3): When a weld representing the 5% random radiography required by 336.5.1 (b) is de·
fective, 336.5 requires radiographic examination of two additional welds by the same welder or welding
operator and so on.
When a weld in the third group of the progression is found defective, the Code states, "all comparable
items may be replaced or they shall be fuUy examined and repaired to meet applicable quality requirements."
37
1-62,1-63,1-64 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
(0) If the welder was terminated after welding a total of II wclJs. docs replacement of the 11
' .. ,.
welds or repair and examination of the II welds until the)' are acceptable terminate the proglcssion?
(b) Is this c.;hanged if the total was 31 welds and the weld representing the first .20 welds was
found acceptable?
Reply (3):
(0) Yes.
(b) No. Only the group of II weld~ is required to be replaced or repaired and examined until
acceptable, Le., finding a defect in one group does not affect the status of another group.
Subject: 337.4.2, Hydrostatic Testing Piping With Vessels as a System
File: 1579
Question (l): For calculating the hydrostatic test pressure, 337 .4.2(b) conditionally allows a factor
of 1.15 to be substituted for the 1.5 factor in Formula (24) [337 .4.1(b)}. Is this considered safe for sub-
sequent operation?
Reply (1): Yes, if the owner has authorized the use of this conditional clause.
Question (2): If so, why can't one use 1.1 5 for all pressure tests? .,-~
,I
Reply (2): The factor of 1.5 is required where feasible. The lower factor represents the Committee's
best judgment for the special case of integrated equipment and piping which cannot be readily isolated for a
separate test. Also, the Owner must approve its use for each specific case.
Subject: 336.5, Type and Extent of Required Examination
File: 1580
Question: For PoNos. 3,4, and 5 materials, does radiographic examination performed before heat
treatment satisfy the ANSIIASME 831.3 Code requirements?
Reply: No. 336.5 requires the examination to be performed after heat treatment.
38
Subject: Impact Testing
File: 1587
Question (J): Under ANSI!ASME 831.3 can austenitic stainless steel having OJ I::Hbon content of
0.10% and below (including "H" grades) be used at -lOO°F without impact testing?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is impact testing required for deposited filler metal of production welds, welded to a
qualified welding procedure with nIler metal impact tested at -300°F?
Reply (2): No. See Note I, Table 323.2.2.
Question (3): Is heat treatment for austenitic stainless steel reqUired after welding?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: 327.s, Qualification for Welding
FDe: 1588
Question: If a procedure for the GTAW or SMAW welding process is qualified in accordance with the
requirements of 327.5 and the welder is qualified in both the uphill and downhill position, is it acceptable
to the Code for the production welds to be made in either the uphill or downhill position?
Reply: Yes. Please note that when the Supplementary Essential Variables - Notch Toughness of the
ASME BPV Code Section IX are applicable, the progression for welding the qualification test is reqUired to
be uphill.
39
(
--------
1-67. 1-68 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: A304.5. Pressure Design of Flanges
File: 1589
Question: In accordance with A304.5.1(d), what is the correct Appendix in Section VIII. Division 1
of the ASME BPV Code for the design of full face gaskets?
Reply: The correct Appendix in Section VIII , Divison 1 of the 1980 Edition of the ASM E BPV Code
for the design of full face gaskets is Appendix Y. Section Vlll recently reorganized portions of Division 1
and the existing reference in Addenda (a) of B31.3 is to an earlier edition of the ASME BPV Code.
Any revisions to tltis section of A."lSI/ASME B31.3 will appear in future Addenda.
Subject: High Pressure
FUe: 1592
.."""\
Question: What calculation method shall be used for the pressure design of pipe with t :> D/6, or
P/SE> 0.3857 .•. J'
Reply: The Code does not have a specific design procedure for designs in the high pressure range at
this time.
The ASME B31.3 Subgroup on High Pressure Piping is a Committee currently working on specific
design rules for the High Pressure range. These rules, when approved, will appear in a future Addenda of
ANSI/ASME B31.3. The reader is referred to the following publications for a discussion of pressure design
in the high pressure range:
(a) Welding Research Council Bulletin #95/AprU 1969, "PVRC Interpretive Report of Pressure
Vessel Research: Section I Design Considerations," B. F. Langer
(b) ASME Paper No. S5· PET· I, "Yield and Bursting Characteristics of Heavy-Wall Cylinders,"
J. H. Faupel
40
B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-69,1-70
Interpretation: 1-69 :-
Subject: Table 331.3.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment
C',",
. 'I":"
:'
-:i~;.,'
File: 1593
Question (I): Docs ANSI/ASME B31 .3 require specific heating rates when performing heat treatment?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the cooling rate at the bottom of Table 331.3.1 apply only to P-No. llA, Group
No.1 materials?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: 304, Pressure Design
Fue: 1594
Question (l): What is the correct value of D for calculating the required pressure design thickness of
an externally reinforced extruded header by Eq. (3a)1
Reply (1): The correct value D is the outside diameter of the header (see Fig. 304.3.4). The Commit-
tee will give consideration to future revision of these diagrams.
Question (2): Is it permissible to calculate the required pressure design thickness of an externaily
reinforced extruded header on the basis of the inside diameter?
Reply (2): Yes. The following equation is equivalent to Eq: (3a) for an externally reinforced extruded
header using inside diameter d:
P(d+ 2c)
t -= 2 (SE - P (l - Y)]
where nomenclature is as dermed in 304.1.1 of ANSI/ASME B31.3a·1981.
41
C
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; • •- 1\,'
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•.•.; '. "I
1-71, )-72 B31.3 Interpretations No. I
Interpretation: 1-7 J

r·
I
File: 1597
Question: Are the stress intensification factors for tees given in Appendix D applicable to both the
branch as well as the run or header?
Reply: Yes, the stress intensification factors for tees given in Appendix D are applicable to both the
branch and run or header. The computation of stress using those stress intensification factors must be based
on the appropriate section modulus. Equation 21 gives the appropriate formula for the "effective section
modulus of the bran'ch:,f ., '.""'"
File: 1609
Question: What are the requirements for pressure testing of discharge piping in ANSI!ASME B31.3?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 requires discharge piping to be tested in accordance with 337 unless ex-
cluded from Code coverage by 300.1.3.
42
".
---------
"--
B31.J Interpretations No. 1 1-73.1·74
I ..... ,;:.' •
JI"erpret3tion: 1·73
subject: Category M Fluid Service
Date Issued: September 8.1982
File: 1596
Question: Is a "Category M Fluid" in ANSI!ASME B31.3 the same as a "lethal substance" in the
ASME BPV Code Section VIII?
Reply: The Committee points out that the term used in ANSI!ASME B31.3 is "Category M Fluid
Service," not "Category M Fluid." This distinction is very important in understanding the intent of ANSI!
ASME B31.3. "Fluid Service" is much broader in concept in that it encompasses the complete handling and
control of the fluid. It takes into consideration not only the fluid properties (such as flammability, toxicity,.
etc.) but also the service conditions.(such as pressure, temperature, quantity ,location, etc.) as they affect
an aspects of the piping system.
Finally, in developing "Category M Fluid Service," it was not the intent of ANSI!ASME B31.3 to
parallel the "lethal substance" reference in the ASME BPV Code Section VIII. Division 1.
Subject: 327.4.4, Welded Branch COMections
File: 1598
Question (1): For branch connections, 327.4.4(c) requires a cover fillet weld with a minimum throat
dimension of tc. Figure 327.4.40 shows te in the longitudinal plane of the header (run) which bisects the
branch. When the branch and header (run) are the same nominal pipe size, (a) what is the required cover
rillet at the transverse plane of the header (run) which bisects the branch; and (b) in those branch bisecting
planes moving from the transverse of the header (run) toward the longitudinal of the header (run)?
Reply (1):
(a) A rillet weld is not applicable as the weld, in that plane, is a groove butt joint.
(b) The Code does not define rillet weld size at this location of the joint, but weld geometry
should provide a smooth transition between the weld and the groove weld with added fillet weld.
Question (2): What is the required cover rillet weld at the longitudinal plane of the header (ron)
which bisects the branch when beta [see 304.3.3 (a)] is less than 90 deg. (angular branch)?
Reply (2): The Code does not dermc nllet weld size reqUired for this joint configuration, but weld
geometry should provide a smooth transition between the branch and header (run) surfaces.
, ~
". ...
43 .
L' ,
1"',,.:.:,,'; .,
r ,., ~
_. ... ---- ..
1·75. 1·76 B31.3 Interpretations No.1
Subject: Definition of til in 304.3.4(d)
File: 1613
Question: In 304.3.4(d). is th the nominal wall thickness?
Reply: No. th is the pressure design thickness of the header. Refer to Appendix J for nomenclature
and 304.3.3(a) for determination of th for reinforcement calculation.
SUbject: Impact Testing
Date Issued: October 26.1982
Fue: 1615
Question (1):
(a) Does ANSI B31.3-1976 including Addenda through ANS1/ASME B31 .3e·1980 require the
fabricator and assembler to perform impact testing of the deposited weld metal and heat affected zone in
accordance with 323.3 when the material is either carbon steel. low alloy steel, intermediate alloy steel, or
high alloy (ferritic or martensitic) steel, and the Engineering Design specifies a design temperature below
-20°F (-29°C)?
(b) Note 2 of Table 323.2.2 of ANSI B31.3·1976 including Addenda through ANSI/ASME
B31.3e·1980 allows an exclusion from impact testing. For one to take advantage of this exclusion, is per-
mission required from the Design Engineer?
Reply (1):
(a) Yes.
(b) Yes, the design engineer is responsible for evaluating the piping system and authorizing the
exclusion. . .
Question (2): Does ANSI B31.3·1976 including Addenda throughANSI/ASME B31.3e·1980 require
the fabricator and assembler to perform impact testing of the deposited weld metal in accordance with
323.3 when the material is austenitic stainless steel and the Engineering Design specifies a design tempera·
ture below _20°F (_29°C)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Is specification of a design temperature below -20°F (-29°C) for the above materials
sufficient [see 327.s.1(d)] to require the impact testing of weld specimens in qualifying weld procedure
specifications? .
Reply (3): Yes.

B31.3 Interpretations No. I 1-77.1-78
C·'"
Interpretation: J. 77
'."
~' ... ~, -•...
Subject: Note 30 of Appendix A
File: 1616
Question: Appendix A, Note 30 specifies a reduced tensile strength (70.0 ksi rather than 75.0 ksi)
for pipe of NPS 8 and larger with wall thickness of schedule 140 or heavier. Is this Note correctly referenced
in the stress tables for pipe made in conformance to ASTM A 312 and A 403 specifications?
Reply: No. These references are erroneous and will be corrected in future Addenda.
Subject: Use of API 5L Grades A and B Double Submerged Arc Welded Pipe
FDe: 1623
Question (1): Is API 5L, Grades A and B double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe acceptable
under ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2):
(a) Does this material fall under the "Electrical Fusion Welded Pipe" (straight seam) classification?
(b) In future Editions of ANSI/ASME B31.3, will API SL DSAW pipe be formally listed with a
DSAWclassification and listing of allowable stresses?
Reply (2):
(a) Yes.
(b) There are no plans to include a separate DSAW classification. The reader is referred to Table
302.3.4, Nos. 3b and 4b, for additional Ej weld joint quality factors which can apply to this pipe specifica·
tion.
Question (3):
(a) For API SL DSAW pipe with wall thickness greater than ~ in., does the manufacturer's weld
require postweld heat treatment to meet the requirements of ANSI/ASM'E B31.3?
(b) Can hardness testing be substituted for stress relieving?
Reply (3):
(a) Yes, except as provided for in 331.1.1.
(b) No.
45
(
... . ...

(This supplement is Dot part of ANSIIASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.)
Interpretation revealed a need for corrections ofa technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply, bearing
the original Interpre~tion Number with the suftix R, is presented.
ASME proc:edures provide for reconsideration of these Interpretations when or if additional infor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might aft'ect the Interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approvc," "certify," "rate," or "endorse"
."; ."
_. ....4 -., ....... t.'~ of " . 'I . ~." ... : .•; : ,
B31.3 Interpretati+s No. 2 2·1, 2-2
Interpretation: 2-1
Subject: 323.1.1, Listed or Publis~ Specifications
File: 1624
Question (1): Docs 323.1.1 perinit the use of seamless pipe manufactured to AS1'M A 537 for
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applications using the allowable stresses as given in Appendix A, Table 17
Reply (1): No. ASTM A 537 is a plate specification, not a pipe specification.
Question (2): Why is ASTM A 537 Class 2 not listed in Table 1 of Appendix A?
Reply (2): Materials are listed only after it has been shown that there is sufficient general use of
the material in piping. The Committee docs not believe that there is sufficient need for this material to
merit its inclusion in Appendix A. Provision is made in the Code for the qualification of unlisted
materials in 323.1.1.
Interpretation: 2·2.
Subject: P-No. 1 Materials
File: 1625
Question (1): Please refer to 329.3(a) and 330.2 of ANSI/ASME B31.3. Is postbend heat treatment
required for P·No. 1 JX¥lterials?
Reply (I): No. Postheat treatment is not required for any thickness ofP·No. 1 materials after hot
bending or hot forming.
Question (2): Docs ANSI!ASME B31.3 require hardness tests and have hardness limitations for
P·No. 1 after the heat treatment of bends and welds?
Reply (2): No, provided the weld metal analysis A-Number is 1.
3
1-3, 2-4, 2·5 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Interpretation: Z·3
Subject: Selection of Design Conditions '.
File: 1626
Question: What are the ANSI/ASME B31.3 design conditions for a piping system in which the
required pipe wall thickness is detennined by one set of coincident pressure-temperature conditions, and
the required component rating, for components with established ratings in accordance with component
standards listed in Table 326.1, is determined by another set of coincident pressure-temperature condi-
tions?
Reply: The design condition for any component in a piping system is the most severe condition of
coincident pressure and temperature which results in the greatest required thickness and the highest
required rating. It is possible, under some circumstances such as in the example in the inquiry, to have
more than one Set of design conditions which apply to the same piping system.
Interpretation: 2-4
Subject: Radiographic Examination of Welds
File: 1627
Question: If the engineering design specifies radiographic examination of welds in API SL Grade
B and API SLX Grade XS2 pipe, does ANSI!ASME B31.3 require such examination to be performed
before or after completion of iny heat treatment?
Reply: ANSI!ASME B31.3 has no requirements as to whether the radiographic examination of

welds in API SL Grade B or API SLX Grade XS2 pipe is performed before or after the completion of
any heat treatment.
Interpretation: 2-5
.;'~'
Subject: Use of Washers
File: - 1628
Question: Does ANSI!ASME B31.3 require the use of washers when bolting metallic flanges?
Reply: No.
4
~,. " .,~ ... ': _, 0\ , : ' _,,~
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831.3 Interpretltions No.2' 2·6,2·7
Subject: 337.3, Test. Preparation
File: 1631
Question: Paragraph 331.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 states, "All joints, including welds, are to be
left uninsulated and exposed for examination during the test .. ." May the joints be primed and painted
prior to hydrotest?
Reply: Yes.
Interpretation: 2-7
File: 1632
Question: When determining stress intensification factors for branch connections in piping systems
constructed in accordance with ANSI!ASME B31.3, may the thickness and diameter of the branch be
used in the equations in Appendix D for determining the stress intensification factor for the branch?
Reply: No. Stress intensification factors are a function of the header (run) thickness, and the
thickness of the reinforcing, if any. Any change in wall thickness of the run pipe or change in reinforcing
pad or saddle thickness will result in a change in the computed flexibility characteristic h as shown in
Table 319.3.6. A changd in h will cause a change in the intensification factor. .
The inquirer is referred to Eqs. 19 and 20 in 319.4.4(c). The values for i" and i; would be the same
for both the branch and the header (run). The resulting bending stress will be a function of the remaining
variables.
5
1-8,1·9 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: Table 327.4.IA
Date Issued: May II, 1983
File: 1663 (B31 83-016)
Question (I): Table 327.4.1A of ANSI/ASME B31.31imits undercutting for girth and miter joint
butt welds to the lesser of lin in. (0.8 mm) or nv/4. When components with di1ferent thicknesses are
joined by welding, what thickness is used for Twl . ,
Reply (I): Tw is the nominal wall thickness of the thinner component (sec Appendix J, Nomencla-
ture).
Question (2): Does the Code describe evaluation of undercutting, revealed on a radiograph, by use
of the film density differential?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Charpy Impact Absorbed Energy Data
File: 1633
Question: Under the rules of ANSIIASME B31.3, may Charpy impact absorbed energy data be
substituted for the lateral expansion criteria of 0.01S in.?
Reply: No.
6
',',
B3 1.3 In~rpretations ~o. :2 2·10, 2·11, 2.12

\ '
SUbject: 327.4.4; Welded Branch Connections

File: 1639
--
Question: Figure 127.4.8(F) of ANSI/ASME B31.1 shows a "Typical Partial Penetration Weld
Branch Connection for 2 in. NPS and Smaller Fitting," and 127.4.8(C) allows its use by taking exception
to the requirement for full penetration groove welds. Paragraph 321.4.4(c) of ANSIIASME B 31.3 does
not contain this exception. However, 327.4.4(a) states, "No attempt has been made to show all acceptable
types of construction ..." Does 327.4.4(a) allow partial penetration types of branch construction?
Reply: No. Only full penetration groove weld types of branch construction are allowed. The
Committee will consider Fig. 127.4.8(F) of ANSI/ASME B31.1 for inclusion in ANSI/ASME B31.3.

File: 1640
Question: For the pressure design of straight pipe under internal pressure, in accordance with
304.1.2 of ANSI/ASME B3L3, what equations apply when t is less than DI6 and when t is equal to
or greater than D16?
Reply: When t is less than DI6, the minimum wall thickness for pressure design shall be based
on Eq. 3a, 3b, or 3c.
When t is equal to or greater than D16, the Code does not require that a specific equation be used
in design. If Eq. 3a is used for design, the correct value for Y is dl(d + D). As stated in 304.L2(b),
the design of high pressure heavy wall pipe requires special considerations, and the final design is the
responsibility of the designer.
Subject: Random Radiography

"t,~:'
Date ISSued: lune 8. 1983
File: 1650 (B31 83'()()3)
Question: What is the recommended or preferred practice for administration of random radiogra-
phyas required by 336.4.5, 336.5, and 336.5.1(b) of ANSI/ASME 831.31
Reply: The Code does not set forth administrative practices.
7
2·13, 2·14, 2·15 831.3 In~erpretations No: 2
SUbject: Limitations on Tubing Size in Categol'y M Fluid S'ervice
File: 1652 (B31 83-(05)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 prohibit the use of tubing * in. through 2 in. O.D. with
proprietary fittings from use in Category M fluid service?
Reply: No; however, there are limitations on tubing size for instrument piping in M322.3. Also,
proprietary fittings must meet the requirements of M326.
Subject: 302.3.5(d), Allowable Displacement Stress Range
File: 1658 (B31 83-011)
Question: Is it a correct interpretation of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to apply the allowances for occa-
sional pressure and temperature variations contained in 302.2.4 to the allowable displacement stress
range SA of 302.3.5(d)?
Reply: No.
SUbject: 302.3.5(c), Longitudinal Stresses
File: 1659 (B31 83-012)
Question: In accordance with 302.3.5(c), the longitudinal stresses due to pressure and weight are
computed, assuming the pipe to be in the corroded condition. Is it a correct interpretation of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 to also calculate stresses from occasional loads, such as wind and earthquake,
assuming the pipe to be in the corroded condition?
Reply: Yes.
8
\
B3 1.3 Interpretations No. 2
1·16,2-17
Subject: 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads

Date Issued: June 8, 1983 .
File: 1660 (831 83~13)

--
Question: Paragraph 302.3.6(a) concerning stresses due to occasional loads states, "Where the
allowable stress value exceeds 2/3 of yield strength at temperature. the allowable stress value must be
reduced as specified in Note (3) in 302.3.2." Is it a correct interpretation of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to
assume that the above sentence is only concerned with potential leakage rather than reduction of the
life of the piping system due to creep?
Reply: No.
SUbject: Seismic Loads
File: 1661 (831 83-014)
Question: How shall stresses in a piping system due to restraint deftections from seismic motions.
and those due to seismic inertial loadings, be applied in accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: It is the inten~ of 302.3.6 that the inertial loads from earthquake be included in the
calculations of stresses due Ito occasional loads. The effects of displacement of restraints due to earth-
quake may be treated as an externally imposed displacement in accordance with 319.2. I(c).
..
,
f .'
r
I
Q
2.18,2.19 B31.3 Interpretations No. 2
Subject: Weld Repair Requirements .. . .. .,
File: 1651 (B31 83-(04)
Question (1): In lieu of repairs to weld defects which exceed Code limitations, does ANSI/ASME
B31.3 permit the application of analysis methods, such as fracture mechanics, in the evaluation of ~d
defects with a "fitness for purpose" concept?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Will the Committee take under consideration the principles set forth in such docu-
ments as BSI PD6493 as possible alternative rules to existing Code rules?
Question (3): Will the ComuUttee consider any further relaxation of weld defect limitations in view
of current research ·publications, such as WRC or BSI, on this subject?
Subject: Table 323.2.2 1
File: 1638
Question: When welding ASTM B 241 Grade 6061·T6 seamless aluminum pipe for service temper-
ature of - 32O"F using a filler wire designated 5356 or 4043, does the filler metal being "outside the range
of composition for the base metal" require testing in accordance with Column B, box 5, Table 323.2.2
of ANSI/ASME B31.3? .
Reply: No, since filler wire designated 5356 or 4043 is in the range of composition for welding
ASTM B 241 Grade 6061-T6.
10
B31.3 Interpretations Not 2·20,2-21
Subject: Factor E in Appendix A..
File: 1670 (B31 83-023)
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the use of an E value of 1.0 for A 234 fittings,
Grades WPB and WPC, for both seamless and welded construction?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): A 312 pipe is listed as having E values of 0.8 and 0.85. Is it correct to assume that
these values are taken from Table 302.3.4 and depend on whether the pipe has a single butt weld (3a)
or a double butt weld (3b)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Fittings to A 403 are listed as having E values of 1.0, 0.8S, and 0.80. Is it correct
to assume the following, and that reference to Note. (14) is irrelevant?
f!&!Qr Description of Fjttin.
1.0 CIasa WP-WX
0.8S CIasa wp.W manufactUred from
A 312 pipe, double bun .wcld
0.80 CIasa WP-W manufactured from
A 312 pipe, single butt weld
Reply (3): Yes.
File: 1671 (B31 83-024)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 have wording similar to UG.126(a) and UG-12S(h) of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, which defines a pressure relieving
device more precisely, or which defines the types of devices or systems that do not meet the requirements
of the Code?
Reply: No.
.. ~"
11
Subject: Notch Sensitive Materials
File: 1641
Question (I): Will the Committee identifY which materials are notch sensitive for proper applica-
tion of 314.2.17
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): What is the meaning of the term "notch sensitive" as used in 314.2.17
Reply (2): The definition of "notch sensitive" is given in 300.2.
Subject: Minimum Hydrostatic Test Pressure
Fl1e: 1676 (B31 83-(29)
Question: When the minimum hydrostatic test pressure of internally pressured metallic piping, as
calculated in aCCordance with Eq. 24 of ANSI!ASME B31.3-1980, exceeds the hydrostatic test pressures
listed in Table 3 of ANSI B16.S-1981, may the minimum hydrostatic test pressure be reduced to those
listed in ANSI B 16.S7
Reply: No, except as allowed by 337.4.1(c).
12
.... ",!",'1'
I
\
InterpretJltion: 2-24
SUbject:
Date Issued:
September 7, 1983
File:
--
• 'I
1677 (1331 83-030)
~°nlan .. Witll
ll.ply (3),ofIntil. "'.!<:bing
"'a11 thiclm... pipe No,. (2), APl'eodix D of ANSI/;\SAfE B31.3, lhe COlTeet Valu. of
for lees.
Ih. "all thicIm... Tis the n..,iOa/ "'a11 thickn... of til. filling for eIbo,., and nriter bends or the no",inal
Question (4), A filting is Provided Witll. short Iengtll of pipe Witll n00linal "'a11 thickn... eqUal
m ,h., of the filling On each 0>Ul mbe ioin';d to til. header. atbIched m tIl.litring by WO/ding or int.graJ
detetnlinatiOJ> the !lOnunaI
tJe.ibility
""h the filling.ofMay " for leesorintil.
"'a1Ilhrc:kn..,
characteristic shOtt /enstJr
AI>PendLt D1 of "'.!ching pipe be USed in the
Q~ti~n
Reply (4), Yes. 7lre derenninaru", or SUBicien'lengtll is 'he ....Ponsibility of til. designer.
~
lnn
(5): 10 ""<:ordanc. Wi", 302.3.5• ..hat is the COrrect aIIOVVab1e stress 10 be -Pared Witb
'h. 8lIUdlOa/ Sir &on, the ....lnlin, of the SOil OJ> til. tIlermaI "'0_ , ofburi<d pipe?
Reply (5): 7lre resulling &on, tIl• .....t>in, of til. SOil OJ> "'ermaI "'0_ ,ofbUried pipe
st..... is S" til. a1IolYaJ>l.'"thor
.... chsplacemen, displacemen, stress Iengi,UdinaI
than SUStained rang., in 302.3.S(d).
Slresses. ACCordingly, lb. COlTect .llow.bl.
,,
2·25,2·26 831.3 Interpretations No. 2
Interpretation: 2·25 ,,,'j
Subject: Radiographic Examination

... ' ... ..... '~~ ~'. '.
'
"
((
;/. '
.
File: 1667 (B31 83-020)
Question (1): A certain piping system has 100 welds made by the same welder and welding
procedure. Ten percent radiography was required. Ten welds were radiographed, ,..r which one was
defective. The subsequent second and third progression groups also had defective welds. Does 336.5 of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 require radiographic examination, repair, and radiographic reexamination of all the
welds other than the 9 found acceptable or of the 10 welds represented by the one original defective weld?
Reply (1): The first alternative is correct if the lot size has been established as 100 and the selection
is truly random. The second is correct if the lot size has been established as 10 and each is represented
by 1 of the 10· welds radiographed at random.
Question (2): What is intended by "all comparable items" as used in 336.5?
Reply (2): Comparable items contained in a designated lot.
Subject: Synfuel Plant Piping
File: 1541R
Question: What section of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31, may be used for materials,
design, fabrication, assem~ly, erection, examination, inspection, and test of piping within coal based
synfuels plants for the production of electric power and/or industrial steam primarily for use within the
plant?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies to piping associated with power boilers and subject to the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I, inspection and stamping. [See 831.1, 100.1 and Fig.
l00.1.2(A) and (8).]
Either ANSI/ASME B31.1 or B31.3 is applicable to other piping associated with the production
or distribution of industrial steam or production of electric power primarily for use within the plant.
(See B31.3, Fig. 300.1.1.)
ANSI/ASME B31.3 applies to all other piping primarily for use within the pIanL
14
831.3 Interpretations NJ 2 2·27
( ",
Subject: Area of Reinforcement fer Contoured Integrally Reinforced Branch Connections
File: 1681 (B31 83-034)
Question: Do the rules for extruded outlets apply to contoured integrally reinforced fittings? If not,
what are the cOr:'~t equations, indicated in ANSI!ASME B31.1, B31.2, B31.3, B31.4, and B31.8, to
be used in determining the limits of area reinforcement for contoured integrally reinforced branch
connecting fittings (e.g., Weldolet) and extruded outlets?
Reply: The contoured integrally reinforced fitting is not an extruded outlet. The equations set forth
in the B31 Codes for determining the reinforcing limits of an extruded outlet do not apply in determining
the reinforcing limits of a contoured integrally reinforced fitting.
...
15
Subject: 336.4.2, Visual Examination .•
File: 1682 (B3l 83-035)
Question (1): 336.5.l(a) of ANSIIASME B31.3-l980 Edition requires visual examination in ac-
cordance with 336.4.2. Is it intended that 336.4.2(c), In-Process Examination, be included as part Qfthis
visual examination?
Reply (1): No. This was clarified in ANSI/ASME B31.3b-1982 by changing 336.4.2(c) to 336.4.7.
Question (2): M336.5.l(a)(1) of ANSIIASME B31.3-l980 Edition requires that all fabrication,
including the welds, be visually examined.
(a) Is this visual examination required for welds which are radiographed as required by
M336.5.l(b)?
(b) Is this visual examination required if in-process examination as allowed by M336.5.l(c) is
substituted for required radiography?
Reply (2): (a) Yes. (b) Yes. The visual examination is included in the in-process examination.
Question (3): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3-l980 Edition require written procedures for visual exami-
nation?
Reply (3): Yes. Refer to 336.4.l(c).
Question (4): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3-1980 Edition require a record of the visual examination
results by individual weld?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does ANSIIASME B31.3-1980 Edition allow production workmen to perform the
visual examination?
Reply (5): Refer to T-94O(b), Article 9, Section V of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
which states, "Where impractical to use specialized visual examination personnel, knowledgeable pro-
duction workmen may be used to perform the examination and to sign the report forms."
16
c
B31.3 IntJretations NO: 2
Interpretation:. 2·29 .. -.
Subject: 301.2.1. Required Pressure Containment or Relief
Date Issued: December 20, 19~3
File: 1687 (B31 83.(40)

; ".'. Question: Docs any device or system, such as pressure reducing valves or similar mechanical or
electrical interlocks and/or control instruments, satisfy the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3, 301.-
2.1, to safely relieve any excess pressures?
Reply: The Code requires that provision be made to contain or safely relieve excessive pressure,
but does not address acceptable types of pressure relieving devices.
.... Interpretation: 2-30
Subject: Use or Term "Owner"

File: 1688 (.831 83~1)
Question (I): Is the final owner always the "owner" referred to in ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.

,' ....
Question (2): Is the engineering construction contractor the "owner" until the piping is erected,
mechanically complete, tested, and subsequently "sold" to the final owner?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Who is responsible for determining pressure test methods and media on jobs where
the engineering and construction are performed by dift'erent contractors?
Reply (3): The owner is responsible.
......
17
------
2·31,2-32 B31.3 Interpretations No. 2
0:,..'"
Interpretation: 2·31 ,",i;·"·
Subject: 337, Pressure Tests ..... '.,. ';;,l:;;
File: 1691 (B31 83-044)
Question: Since ANSI/ASME B31.3b-1982 does not exclude piping systems designed for internal
°
gage pressures at or above psi if the fluid handled is flammable, toxic, or damaging to human tissue,
nor does it exclude any fluid outside the design temperature range of from -2o-F through 366°F, must
the following piping systems be pressure tested in accordance with 3377
(a) Discharge piping for pressure-relieving safety devices designed for steam at a design temperature
of 375°F and a design pressure of a psi, discharging directly to atmosphere.
(b) Drain piping handling a toxic fluid at a design temperature of 80"F and a design pressure of
° psi discharging directly to atmosphere (e.g., an atmospheric pressure holding tank).
. '.-
Reply: The minimum hydrostatic test gage pressure is as calculated by Eq. 24, which for 0 psi,
design pressure is O. Note that a pressure differential is required for fluid flow.
Subject: Random Examination Requirements
File: 1693 (B31 83..(46)
Question (1): Are "same lkind" groups of items which are represented by an acceptable randomly
selected and examined item (or which are represented by the acceptable completion of the progression
of examinations as a result of an unacceptable randomly selected and examined item) considered
acceptable by ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the selection and examination of additional items from "same kind" groups
previously accepted by random examination (in compliance with the Code and engineering design)
considered as being beyond ANSI!ASME B31.3 requirements for random examinations?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the minimum quantities of examination have been performed and found
acceptable.
18
~.. '.,:.

(This supplement is not part of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.)
Interpretation revealed a ne~d for corrections ofa technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply, bearing
the original Interpretation Number with the suffix R, is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these Interpretations when or if additional infor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the Interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
19
Interpretation: 3-1
j
Subject: Scope of the B31 Codes .. . ....
File: 1607
Question: What ANSI/ASME B31 Code is the applicable Code for a steam line transferring steam
from a power house to the interior of a tobacco plant?
Reply: ANSI!ASME B31.1 is applicable to all power and auxiliary service piping in the power
plant.
The applicable Code for the transfer line and any distribution within the tobacco plant depends upon
its purpose. If used to generate power, ANSI/ASME B31.1 applies. If used as building services,
ANSI/ASME B31.9 applies. If used as part of a chemical process, ANSI!ASME B31.3 applies.
If the piping is clearly not within the scope of these or other B31 Codes, B31 Case 137 permits the
user to select any B31 Code System determined to be generally applicable.
Subject: Pressure-Tight Structures of Noncircular Cross Section
File: B31-84-001
Question: Does the scope of ANSI/ASME B31.3 include pressure-tight structures of noncircular
cross section which may bel used to convey a fluid or transmit a fluid pressure?
Reply: Yes, unless otherwise excluded by 300.1.3. See also 300(c)(3), (4), and (5); and 304.7.2.
Subject: 337 Pressure Tests

i~f
File: B31-84-OQ3
Question: In a piping system connecting two pieces of equipment and consisting of pipe with flanges
on each end, must this piping be pressure tested in accordance with 337 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 when
the two pieces of equipment are required to be blanked off from any pressure test?
Reply: Yes.
21
3-4,3·5 B31.3 Interpretations No.3
'· ·'· .·
Subject: Design Conditions and Criteria. L·.....l":t:'.
'
File: B3l-84-005
Question (1): For the pressure design of piping in accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, is a stress
value equal to Sh (in 302.3.5) the correct allowable stress to be used for elevated temperature design,
independent of the time of exposure?
Reply (1): Yes, except as permitted in 302.2.4. Also, see 300(c)(3).
Question (2): In accordance with 301.7.2 of ANSI!ASME B31.3, how should the loads due to
thermal gradients be evaluated in the design of piping and piping components?
Reply (2): ANSI!ASME B31.3 does not give specific requirements for the evaluation of thermal
gradient effects. See the Introduction and 300(c)(3).
Question (3): .Since the ASME formula for flange design only considers axisymmetricalloads, can
these formulas be modified to account for nonaxisymmetricalloads, such as moment, torsion, and shear
force?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not give specific guidance concerning modification of flange
design formulas.
Interpretation: 3-5
Subject: Progressive Examination
File: B31-84-009
Question: In applying the ANSI/ASME B31.3 requirements for progressive examination in 336.-
5.4, random radiography is specified within "a designated lot" of piping. Is it permissible to include
piping from more than one owner in "a designated lot"?
Reply: No.
t"'.··".'.'
~ .
........
22
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 3·6,3·7
Interpretation: 3-6
Subject: Use of Flared, Flareless, and Compr~ssion Fittings
File: 1683 (B31-83-036)
Question: Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 have any limitations on tubing sizes on which flared, flareless,
and compression type fittings may be used?
Reply: The only limitations on tubing sizes on which flared, flareless, and compression type fittings
may be used under ANSI/ASME B31.3 are in Category M fluid service where tubing size is limited to
¥s in. outside diameter (see M335.5, M335.6, and M322.3). In all fluid services such joints must conform
to 315.2 or 315.3.
Interpretation: 3-7
Subject: 336.S.1(c) Certification and Records for Components and Materials
File: B31-84-007
Question (1): Does visual examination of the manufacturers's markings in accordance with the
listed standard satisfy the "other evidence" requirement of 336.5. 1(c) for the following standard pressure
parts?
(a) pipe
(b) pipe fittings
(c) flanges
(d) valves
Reply (I): Yes, provided that mill test reports, certificates of compliance, or evidence of heat
treatment, examination, and testing are not required.
Question (2): Same question for Category M fluid service?
Reply (2): Yes, provided that mill test reports, certificates of compliance, or evidence of heat
treatment, examination, and testing are not required and that the material in question is not reclaimed
material (see M323.1.3).
23
Subject: Use of ASTM A 658 .,. .....
File: B31-84-008
Question (I): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 Code permit the use of ASTM A 658 (36% Ni) plate for
the fabrication of pipe?
Reply (I): Yes, provided all applicable requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3 are met.
Question (2): What material category in Table 323.2.2 is applicable to ASTM A 658?
Reply (2): ASTM A 658 is an austenitic material.
Subject: Use of API SL Spiral Welded Pipe
File: B31-84-011
Question (l): May API SL Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe be used for Category D fluid service in (f;:
accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (I): The 33rd EeL of API 5L, which includes spiral welded pipe, is not yet recognized by
the Code. However, the Code recognized the 12th Ed. of API 5LS. API SLS Grade B Spiral Welded
Pipe may be used for Category D fluid service.
Question (2): May API SLS Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe be used for services other than Category
D fluid service, which are not subject to severe cyclic conditions?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): What are the limitations on the use of API 5LS Grade B Spiral Welded Pipe in
ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply (3): See 305.2 and 323.2.
24
-- ---------
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 3.10, 3·11, 3·12
Subject: 337.3 Test Preparation
File: B31-84-013
Question: In ANSI/ASME B31.3, 337.3 states "all joints, including welds and bonds, are to be left
uninsulated and exposed for examination..."." Does this mean that the joints must be left unpainted
and unprimed?
Reply: No, except when a sensitive leak test (337.6) is to be performed.
Subject: Table 302.3.4, Straight and Spiral Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor Ej
File: B31-84-015
Question: Under what conditions can the weld joint quality factor Ej for the longitudinal welds in
API 5L ERW pipe exceed 0.85 for usage under the rules of ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: None. Refer to Table 302.3.4 and the Note following the table.
Subject: 336.6.1, Spot Radiographs for Metals

" ,
File: B31-84-016
Question (1): May spot radiography of girth welds in accordance with 336.6.1 of ANSI/ASME
B31.3 be substituted for required 5% random radiography or 100% radiography?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Under what conditions is spot radiography of girth welds allowed?
Reply (2): Spot radiography of girth welds is allowed only as a supplement (see 336.6) to the
examination required by 336.5.
25
1
1
.-o}," :.~_ •.
1
B31.3 Interpretations No. 3 1
3·13 '
\ 1
Allowable Stresses 1
1
October 1, 1984
1
File: B31-84-019 1
1
Question: May the allowable stresseS for austenitic stainless steel in excess of two-thirds of the
specified minimum yield strength listed in Appendix A of ANSIIASME B31.3 be used as tabulated for 1
establishing pipe wall thickness? 1
1
Reply: Yes. However, the designer is responsible for assuring that slight amounts of deformation
are acceptable [see Note (3) of 302.3.2]. 1
1
1
Subject: 336.4.7 In-Process Examination 1
1
1
File: B31-84-020 1
1
Question: 336.5. 1(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 states: "In-process examination as provided in 336.4.7
may be substituted for all or part of the radiographic or ultrasonic examination on a weld-far-weld basis 1
if specified in the engineering design, regardless ·of temperature or pressure." Does this mean each weld 1
must be in-process examined or is the percentage (5%) applicable?
1
Reply: The percentage is applicable. 1

I
1
t: 1
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" -~
1
,.
-
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tI . ,:" 1
1
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1
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. ·.·.:.·.· 1
1
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26 t
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: :.
ANSI/ASM E 831.3
Interpretations No.4'
(This supplement is not part of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or its Addenda and is included for information only.!
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3 as
part of the subscription service. This supplement includes interpretations concerning B31.3 issued
between January 1, 1985 and August 31, 1986. They have been assigned interpretation numbers in
editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity, In some instances, a review of the
interpretation revealed a need' for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply,
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R, is presented.
mation is available which the inquirer belives might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "en-
dorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
27
B31.3
300(b) Responsibility for Categorizing Fluid Services . 4-08 831-85-003

301.5.3 . 4-07 831-84-037
302.2.4<0(1) and 301.3.2(b)(4) . 4-11 831-85-001
304.3.2 . 4-05 831-84-033
Table 323.2.2 . 4-01 831-84-028
Table 323.2.2 . 4-15 831-85-022
327.4.4(d)(2) . 4-03 831-84-031
327.S.Hdl and 327.5.2 . 4-17 831-85-031
329 . 4-02 831-84-029
331.3.6(bl . 4-06 831-84-035
337.4 . 4-04 831-84-032
337.5.1 (b)(I)(bl . 4-09 831-85-008
Allowable Stresses ................•....................................... 4-12 831-85-002
8ranch Connection . 4-14 831·85-021
Flexibility and Stress Intensity Factors . 4-16 831-85-024
limitations on Temperature and Materials for Category 0 Fluid Services . 4-13 831-85-011
Longitudinal Stresses, 302.3.5(c), and Corrosion . 4-10 831-84-038
Scope, Hot, Oil Heating System Piping . 4-19 831-86·007
Welding of'ASTM 8 337 . 4-18 831-85-033
:> ~:<.~ "

\,!:.,,>'
29
831.3 Interpretations NO.4 4-01, 4-02,4-03
File: B31-84-028
Question: In Table 323.2.2, Column B, Box 2 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, does "material" in the first
paragraph refer to base l11etal?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 329
File: B31-84-029
Question: When piping which otherwise does not require heat treatment is straightened by
heating, do the requirements for bending in 329 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 apply?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 327.4.4(d)(2) ,
File: B31-84-031
Question: 327.4.4(d)(2) of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 states: "If the weld joining the added reinforcement
to the branch is a fillet weld, the throat dimension shall not be less than O.7t min [see Fig. 327.4.40 sketch
(5»)." If the reinforcement is shaped as in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (3) rather than the Fig. 327.4.40 sketch
(5) referenced, and is attached to the branch by a fillet weld only, is the O.7t min throat applicable?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of 304.3.3, including proper attachment, are satisfied.
31
Subject: 33704
File: 631-84-032
Question (1): Is it required to consider the static head pressure of the fluid when determining the
reduction of the minimum hydrostatic gage pressure required by 337A.Hb) of ANSI/ASME 631.3 to
the maximum pressure that will not exceed the yield strength as allowed ,by 337 A.Hc)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the combined pressure of static head of the test fluid during pressure testing and
the test pressure will produce a stress in excess of the yield strength of the material being pressure
tested, may the piping system be excluded from pressure testing?
Reply (2): No (see 337.1).
(
32
Subject: 304.3.2
File: 631-84-033
Question (1): What does the ANSII ASM E 631.3 Code mean by the term "integrally reinforced
branch connection fitting"?
Reply (1): An integrally reinforced branch connectio~ fitting is a fitting in which the pressure
retaining strength of the branch connection assembly is provided by the material within the fitting itself
and when attached as recommended by the manufacturer.
Question (2): How does one ascertain if a commercially available welding outlet fitting meets the
above description of an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
Reply (2): It is the designer's responsibility to determine the adequacy of the manufacturer's
component based on the rules of the Code.
Question (3): Does an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting as described in 304.3.2(c)
also include fittings with flanged outlets?
Reply (3): Such fittings are permitted provided that the reinforcement and other design features
meet the requirements of the Code.
Question (4): Who is responsible for assuring compliance with the testing provisions of 304.3.2
of ANSI I ASM E 631.3 when required?
Reply (4): The designer is responsible to the owner for assurance that the engineering design of
the piping complies with the requirements of this Code. See 300(b)(2).
Question (5): Can it be assumed, without calculation, that a long weldneck flange has adequate
pressure strength as described in 304.3.2?
Reply (5): No. Calculations are required by 304.7.2 to qualify the design in accordance with
304.3.2(C). However, once the design has been qualified in accordance with 304.7.2, calculations
need not be made for every branch connection. As stated in 304.7.2 "reasonable interpolations
between sizes, pressure classes, and wall thickness and reasonable analogies among related materials,
are permitted."
33
4-06, 4-07, 4-08 B31.3 Interpretations No.4
Subject: 331.3.6(bl
File: B31-84-035
Question: Is it permissible to apply the exclusions in 331.3.6(bl of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 to nonpres-
sure attachment welds other than fillet welds?
Reply: No.
Subject: 301.5.3
File: B31-84-037
Question: Does 301.5.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 require that all piping systems be designed for
earthquake induced horizontal forces?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: 300(bl Responsibility for Categorizing Fluid Services
File: B31-85-003
Question: As defined in ANSII ASME B31.3, is it the responsibility of the designer to classify fluid
services as Category D or Category M?
Reply: No, the designer can recommend to the owner but the ultimate responsibility for identifying
these fluid services rests with the owner. See 300(b)(1).
34
831.3 Interpretations No. 4 4-09,4-10'
Subject: 337.5.1 (b)(l )(b)
File: B31-85-008
Question: Does 337.5.Hb)(1)(b) of ANSI/ASME B31.3 require liquid penetrant or magnetic parti-
cle examination of butt welds which have been 100% radiographed in accordance with
337.5.1 (b)(l )(a)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Longitudinal Stresses, 302.3.5(c), and Corrosion
File: B31-84-038
Question (1): In 302.3.5(c) of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, does longitudinal stress include sustained
stresses due to axial loads?
Reply (1): Yes.

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Question (2): When computing longitudinal stress in accordance with 302.3.5(c), is it required to
base the applied pipe weight on the nominal wall thickness and stress on the corroded thickness of
the pipe?
Reply (2): No; however, 300(c)(3) states in part that the Code generally employs a simplified
approach and 300(c)(5) requires unusual service requirements to be specified in the engineering design.
Question (3): For thermal flexibility analysis in accordance with 319, is it required to determine
stresses by applying the forces and moments produced by pipe of nominal wall thickness to the pipe
section in the corroded condition?
Reply (3): No. Nominal wall thickness shall be used in flexibility calculations. Refer to 319.3.5,
300(c)(3), and 300(c)(5l.
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4-11,4-12 631.3 Interpretations NO.4
Subject: 302.2.4(0(1) and 301.3.2(b)(4)
File: B31-85-001
Question (1): For occasional variations in pressure or temperature above operating levels, is it
permissible to exceed the pressure rating or the allowable stress for pressure design at the temperature
of the increased condition by up to 33%, provided that all of the requirements of 302.2.4 of
ANSI/ASME B31.3 are met?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Do the percentage temperature reduction provisions in 301.3.2 apply to the abso-
lute temperature scales as well as the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales?
Reply (2): No. The percent temperature reductions only apply to the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales.
Subject: Allowable Stresses
File: B31-85-002
(
Question (l): For the pressure design of longitudinal or spiral welded pipe under internal pressure,
a value for Sf is required. Is the correct value of Sf to be used in 304.1.2 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 that
value listed in Appendix A, Table A-1, under the pipe material specification and grade?
Reply (l): Yes.
Question (2): For the determination of the allowable longitudinal stress for circumferential welds
in accordance with 302.3.5, is it required to apply a weld joint quality factor?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Do the random examination percentages required by ANSI/ ASME B31.3 apply to
each fabricator, manufacturer, and erector individually?
Reply (3): Yes.
(, •...
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36
B31.3 Interpretations No.4 4-13, 4-14, 4-15 :
Subject: Limitations on Temperature and Materials for Category DFluid Service
File: B31-85-011
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, what is the uppenemperature limitation of
ASTM A 671, Grade CB70 pipe with stiffener rings manufactured from ASTM A 36 plate?
Reply (1): It is 750"F for the ASTM A 36 stiffener rings.
Question (2): Is the material combination limited to Category D fluid service?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Branch Connection
File: B31-85-021
Question: Maya welded branch connection fitting of the design illustrated in Fig. 127.4.8(F) of
ANSI/ASME B31.1 be used in ANSI/ASME B31.3 construction?
Reply: Yes, provided t w meets the requirements for reinforcement in ANSI/ASME 831.1. The
weld shown in Fig. 127.4.8(F) is considered to be a full penetration weld with integral backing.
File: B31-85-022
Question: When ASTM A 193 Gr B7 bolting material is furnished in the quenched and tempered
condition and is to be used at temperatures below - 20"F through - 50"F, is it required that the material
be impact tested?
Reply: No.
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37
Subject: Flexibility and Stress Intensity Factors·
File: B31-85-024
Question (1): Table 0-1 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3 gives flexibility and stress intensification factors for
an unreinforced fabricated tee. Are these flexibility and stress intensification factors applicable to both
a "stub-in" unreinforcecJ fabricated tee as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (2) and a "stub-in" tee
as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (ll? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Table 0-1 gives flexibility and stress intensification factors for a reinforced fabricated
tee with pad or saddle. Are these flexibility and stress intensification factors applicable to both a
"stub-in" reinforced fabricated tee with pad or saddle as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (4) and
a "stub-on" tee as illustrated in Fig. 327.4.40 sketch (3)?
Reply (2): Yes.
c
Subject: 327.5.Hd) and 327.5.2
File: B31-85-031
Question (1): When qualifying welding procedures which require impact testing, is the basic
qualified thickness range Y2t to t + Y. in. rather than the range given in Section IX of the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code of the lesser of S/8 in., and t to 2t as in QW-403.6 (where t is thickness of
test coupon)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the fact that P-Numbers in Appendix A are not further divided into Group
Numbers, similar to Section IX, QW-422, to be interpretated that the Group Numbers of Section IX
need not be considered when qualifying welding procedures to Section IX for impact tested ·materials?
Reply (2): No. (See Column A of Table 323.3.1.)
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38
831.3 Interpretations No.4 4-18, 4-19
Subject: Welding of ASTM B 337
File: B31-85-033
Question (1): In Table A-1 of ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Note (17) is referenced for ASTM B 337
unalloyed titanium pipe. Is it intended to require welding without use of filler metal for all sizes and
wall thicknesses of pipe,?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Will the Committee consider revising Note (17) to permit use of filler metal in the
larger sizes and wall thicknesses of ASTM B 337 pipe?
Reply (2): No, unless ASTM revises B 337 to require welding procedures and welders or welding
operators to be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Subject: Scope, Hot Oil Heating System Piping
File: B31-86-007
Question: Which B31 Code Section is applicable to a hot oil distribution system used to provide
heat to vinyl manufacturing equipment?
Reply: ANSI/ASME B31.3 is the applicable Code.
39
ASME/ANSI831.3
Interpretations No~ 5
(This supplement is not p;1rt of ASME/ ANSI 831.3 or its Addenda.!
part of the subscription service. This supplement includes interpretations concerning 631.3 issued
between September 1, 1986, and June 30, 1987. They have been assigned interpretation numbers in
grie\(ed by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated
41
831.3
Para. 300.2, Category 0 Fluid Service . 5-03 831-85-018

Paras. 304.2.3 and 304.7.2; Use of Fillet Welded Circumferential Reinforcement
8ands; Miter 8ends . 5-11 831-86-018
Para. 304.3 and Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification Factor Tables . 5-01 831-85-030
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure-Temperature Ratings of Socket Weld and Threaded
Steel Valves '.. 5-05 831-86-001
Paras. 308.2.1 and 308.2.4; Use of Slip-On Flanges; Cyclic loading . 5-12 831-86-020
Para. 319.3.6, Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification Factor . 5-15 831-86-032
Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.5, Impact Testing Methods-Specific limitations . 5-14 831-86-022
Paras. 327.4 and 336.4, Weld Imperfections-Radiographic Examination . 5-09 831-86-016
Para. 327.4.1 and Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance Criteria for Tungsten Inclusions . 5-17 831-86-010
Paras. 331.1.2 and 331.3.4, Temperature Monitoring of Stress Relieving of Pipe Welds
In Series . 5-08 831·86-009
Para. 336.5.1 and Appendix E, Material Manufacturer's Certifications-
Specification Dates . 5-10 831-86-017
Para. 337.3, Hydrostatic Test . 5-02 831·85-017
Para. 337.5.1, Special Alternative Tests . 5-07 831-86-005
Table 323.2.2, Toughness Test Requirements-Required Heat Treatment . 5-19 831-86-044
Table 323.2.2, lower Temperature limitations : . 5-21 831-87-007
Table 327.4.1A, Definition of Tw •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5-04 831-85-036
Table 327.4.1A, limitations On Imperfections in Welds-Internal Porosity , . 5·13 831-86-021
Table 327.4.1A, Porosity limitations , , . 5-16 831-85-0368
Table 327.4.1 A, Requirements For Unexamined Girth 8uttwelds . 5-18 831-86-023
Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance Criteria For Welds . 5-20 831-86-045
Table 331.3.1 and Para. 331.3.6, PWHT-8ranch Connection Welds . 5-06 831-85-037
Hydratest Preparation . 5-23 831·86-033
Introduction and Para. 337.1, SCope and Applicability of Code ;. 5-22 831-87-011
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43
631.3 Interpretations No. S : 5-01
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.8, Paras. 831.41 and 831.6 and Table E-1 and ANSI/ASME
B31.3, Para. 304.3 and Table D-l; Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification
Factor Tables
File: B31-85-030
Question (1): What is the difference between a "welding tee per ANSI B16.9" and an "extruded
welding tee" as stated in Appendix D, Table D-l of ANSI/ASME B31.3 and Appendix E, Table E-1 of
ANSI/ASME B31.8?
Reply (1): A "welding tee per ANSI B16.9" complies with all requirements of ANSI B16.9. An
"extruded welding tee" complies with the requirements of para. 304.3 of ANSI/ASME B31.3 or paras.
831.41 and 831.6 of ANSI/ASME B31.8.
Question (2): Is the difference related to ANSI 816.9 dimensions as defined by ANSI/ASME 831.3
and ANSI/ASME B31.8?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Is the difference related to manufacturing?
Reply (3): ANSI 816.9 does not specify manufacturing methods.

I
~. Question (4): When a "welding tee per ANSI 816.9" does not meet the radius and thickness limits
spe<!ified in Appendix D, Table D-l of ANSI/ASME 831.3 or Appendix E, Table E-l of ANSI/ASME
831 ~8, is it permissible to use the flexibility characteristic h for an "extruded welding tee" provided
r x, is greater than or equal to 0.05Db and Tc is less than 1.5 T?
Reply (4): .Yes, provided the tee is formed by an extrusion process; otherwise it is the responsibility
of the designer to determine the proper flexibility characteristic.
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5-02, 5-03, 5-04 831.3 Interpretations No.' 5

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Para. 337.3, Hydrostatic Test.
File: B31-85-017
Question: The piping for a project is fabricated in sections having several circumferential welds.
If these sections are then pressure tested in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/ ASME B31.3,
do these previously tested joints, which have met the requirements of' the Code, have to be left
uninsulated and exposed during the hydrostatic·test required before the initial operation of the piping
system?
Reply: No, see para. 337.3.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 300.2, Category D Fluid Service
File: B31-85-018
Question: As defined in ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 300.2 for Category D fluid service, is damage e
to human tissue caused by leakage of a fluid having a design temperature not over 366°F, considered 'ii2
to be "reversible" when the fluid is otherwise innocuous to skin, eyes, and exposed mucous mem-
branes?
. Reply: Yes. It should be noted that contact by persons with fluid contained in the piping under
design conditions is not possible because the expansion and dilution of leaking fluids reduces both
pressure and temperature. It should also be noted that the owner is responsible for identifying Category
D fluid service [see para. 300(b)(1 »).

Table 327.4.1 A, Definition of ~ .
File: B31-85-036
Question: What is the definition of ~ as used in Table 327.4.1A o( ANSI/ASME B31.3?
Reply: ~ is defined in ANSI/ASME B31.3 as the nominal wall thickness of the thinner of the
components joined by a butt weld. The definitions for all symbols used in ANSI/ASM E B31.3 are in
Appendix J Nomenclature.
46
83 t.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-05,5-06
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure-Temperature Ratings of Socket Weld

and Threaded Steel Valves
File: B31-86-001
Question (1): May API 602-1985 be used for selecting socket weld or threaded valves in piping
subject to the requirements of ANSI/ ASME B31.3?
Question (2): May MSS-SP-84 be used for selecting socket weld and threaded valves in piping
subject to the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3?

Table 331.3.1 and Para. 331.3.6, PWHT-Branch Connection Welds

... "
File. B31-85-037
Question: Is postweld heat treatment required by ANSI/ASME B31.3, Para. 331.3.6 for branch
connection welds when the thickness of the components at the joint is greater than the nominal
thickness listed in Table 331.3.1, but the thickness through the weld in any plane is less than two times
the nominal wall thickness listed?
Reply: No, see para. 331.3.6(al.
/'1>
47
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with the ANSf/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 337.5.1, Special Alternative Tests
File: B31-86-005
Question (1): Is it permissible under the rules of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to apply the requirements of
para. 337.5.1(b) even though the conditions of para. 337.5.Ha) are not met?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, may the owner waive the requirement of
meeting the condition of para. 337.5 .1(a)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 331.1.2 and 331.3.4, Temperature

Monitoring of Stress Relieving of Pipe Welds In Series
File: B31-86-009
Question (1): When local heat treatment of welds is performed in accordance with ANSI/ASME
B31.3, para. 331.3.7, does ,each weld require temperature measurement?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Several identical welds are separately locally heat treated using electrical resistance
heaters in series. Is temperature measurement of each weld required to ensure that the required
temperature range exists over the complete circumference?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Do temperature measurements taken in accordance with para. 331.3.4 to ensure
the required heat cycle have to be documented?
Reply (3): No.
48
B31.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-0~, 5-10
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 327.4 and 336.4, Weld

Imperfections - Radiographic Examination
File: B31-86-016
Question (1): Do limitations on imperfections for 100% radiography apply when 100% radio-
graphic examination is not required by the Code, but is required by the engineering design?
Reply (1): Yes, unless the engineering' design states otherwise.
Question (2): Do the blackened areas in Figs. 327.4.1A and 327.4.1B depict lack of fusion?
Reply (2): Yes.

Para. 336.5.1 and Appendix E, Material Manufacturer's
Certifications - Specification Dates
Fil~: B31-86-017
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME B31.3 that material manufacturer's certifications

must be supplied with pressure-retaining materials and components?
Reply (1): No, see para. 336.5.1 (c).
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME B31.3 that a material manufacturer's certification

shall show the edition date of the standard to which the material or component is manufactured?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): How are materials and components verified as complying with the edition dates
listed in Appendix E?
Reply (3): The Code does not specify a means for verification.
"
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49
5-11 B31.3 Interpretations No. :5
Subject: ANSI!ASME B31.3-1984, Paras. 304.2.3 and 304.7.2; Use of Fillet Welded
Circumferential Reinforcement Bands; Miter Bends
File: 631-86-018
Question (1): Does ANSI!ASME B31.3 prohibit the use of fillet welded circumferential reinforce-
ment bands to join piptng in Category D fluid service, in lieu of butt welding?
Reply (1): No, provided that the requiremehts of para. 304.7.2 are met, considering all applicable
loadings. See also para. 301.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI!ASME B31.3 what is the method (equation) for calculating
minimum wall thickness for piping using miter bends?
Reply (2): Pressure design of miter bends is covered in para. 304.2.3.
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50
'. '-:
'~,. . Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, With the ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda,
Paras. 308.2.1 and 308.2.4; Use of Slip-On Flanges; Cyclic loading
File: B31-86-020
Question (1): Does ANSI/ASM E B31.3 permit the use of slip-on flanges in services where cyclic
loading is caused by pressure variations?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit the use of slip-on flanges under severe cyclic
conditions, if safeguarded?
Reply (2); Yes.
Question (3): What is meant by safeguarding, and how is it achieved when a flange is subjected
to cyclic loading due to pressure variations?
Reply (3): See Appendix G.
Question (4): Does ANSI/ ASME B31.3 permit the use of welding methods other than those in Fig.
327.4.2B for services not listed in para. 308.2.1?
Reply (4): Yes, see para. 327.4.2(b).
Question (5): What is the difference between cyclic loading and severe cyclic conditions?
Reply (5): Severe cyclic conditions are defined in para. 300.2. Cyclic loading refers to any type
of cyclic service other 'than severe cyclic conditions.
51
1':...'
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Subject: ANSI/ ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, With the ANSI/ ASME 831.3a-1984 Addenda,
Table 327.4.1A, Limitations on Imperfections in Welds-Internal Porosity
File: 831-86-021
Question (1): In ANSI!ASME 831.3, Table 327.4.1 A, under internal porosity forfillet, socket, seal
and reinforcement attachment welds, the wording NA (not applicable) is indicated. Does this mean
that radiographic examination is not required (or this type of joint configuration?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): What limitations on imperfections for porosity are specified by the Code if the
engineering design requires radiographic examination of socket welds but does not specify limitations
for porosity as required by para. 336.6, Supplementary Examination? .
Reply (2): None.

Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.5, Impact Testing Methods-Specific Limitations
File: 831-86-022
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI!ASME 831.3, is - 20°F an acceptable design temperature
for A 53 and A 106 materials without impact testing?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME 831.3, is there a minimum thickness limitation
within which carbon steel materials can be used without impact testing?
Reply (2): No.
52
831.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-15,: 5-16
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 631.3-1984 Edition With Addenda through ANSI/ ASME
631.3b-1986, Para. 319.3.6, Table 0-1, Flexibility Factor and Stress Intensification
Factor
File: 631-86-032
Question: What flexibility or stress intensification factors should be used for reinforced or unrein-
forced branch connections intersecting the run at less than 90 deg.?
Reply: The determination of the flexibility or stress intensification factors for component geome-
tries not included in Appendix 0 is the responsibility of the designer (see also para. 319.3.6).
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 631.3-1984 Edition With the ANSI/ ASME 631.3a-1984 Addenda,
Table 327.4.1 A, Porosity limitations
File: 631-85-0366
Question: In ANSI/ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1A, Note (3) specifies porosity limits using f..,.
,I. When evaluating the limitations on a radiographic image, is Tw used, or is the thickness t used as
defi~ed in 6PV Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 4?
Reply: The thickness t is used. f.., in Note (3) is used to define a division of limitations.
53
5-17,5-18 B31.3 Interpretations No.' 5
Subject: ANSI/ASME 631.3-1984 Edition, Para. 327.4.1 and Table 327.4.1A, Acceptance
Criteria for Tungsten Inclusions
File: 631-86-010
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1 A, are elongated tungsten
inclusions evaluated as'an elongated indication?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME 631.3, Table 327.4.1A, what acceptance criteria
arE:! used to evaluate tungsten inclusions which are not elongated?
Reply (2): ANSI/ASME 631.3 does not address tungsten inclusions which are not elongated.
Consideration will be given for the development of criteria.

Table 327.4.1 A, Requirements For Unexamined Girth 6utt Welds

c.:.· ·
':' < ••
File: 631-86-023
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ANSI/ASME 831.3 that girth butt welds which have not been
visually examined or radiographed, in a designated lot which required only the Code's minimum 5%
radiography, be capable of complying with the limitations on imperfections as specified in Table
327.4.1A?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Assuming the Engineering Design requires fabrication to ANSI/ASME 631.3, requir-
ing the minimum' 5% visual examination and random radiography of girth butt welds, what is the
minimum weld quality required by the Code for butt welds which have not been individually examined,
but were represented by a successful random visual and radiographic examination?
Reply (2): See Question (1) and Reply (1). The Code accepts such welds subject to leak testing.
Note: The Code assumes that the 5% which were required to be examined will be representative of
the entire lot, but a guarantee of such is a contractual matter to be specified by the engineering design.
See Note (1), Table 327.4.16.
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54
831.3 Interpretations No. 5 5-19~ 5-20

B31.3b-1986, Table 323.2.2, Toughness Test Requirements- Required Heat
Treatment
File: B31-86-044
Question: In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, when the conditions of Note
(2) are met, may the material be furnished in any heat treated condition that conforms to the material
specification? .
Reply: Yes.

Table 327.4.1 A, Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-86-045
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 327.4.1A, for surface porosity and
exposed slag inclusion (3/16 in. nominal wall thickness and less) imperfections, should there be some-
thing listed under "When Required Examination Is:"
Reply (1): No. S~ the requirements in para. 336.5.
Question (2): In ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 327.4.1A, for surface porosity and exposed slag
inclusion (3116 in. nominal wall thickness and less) imperfections, listed under each weld type are the
words "None permitted." Is this requirement excessively stringent?
Reply (2): No, considering the limitations of the required examination methods. (Please note that
Table 327.4.1A has been relocated and revised as Table 341.3.2A in Addenda b of ANSI/ASME
B31.3.)
Question (3): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, what acceptance criteria should be applied
°to surface porosity for wall thickness greater than 3116 in.?
Reply (3): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address acceptance criteria for surface porosity for wall
thickness greater than 3/16 in.
I ' '}
55

Table 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limitations
File: 631-87-007
Question: Is it the intent of ANSI/ ASME 631.3, Table 323.2.2, Note (2), to apply to deposited
weld metal and heat affected zone in Column 6, 60x 2?
Reply: Yes.

Introduction and Para. 337.1, Scope and Applicability of Code
Date Issued: MayS, 1987
File: 631-87-011
c·
Question (1): Are current ANSI/ASM E 631 .3 requirements applicable to new construction and to
revisions and replacements of piping in existing facilities?
..,.
~
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): When applied to revisions of piping in an existing facility, what is the intent of
ANSI/ASME 631.3, para. 337.1 "Prior to initial operation ..•"?
Reply (2): It applies to the portion of a piping system on which work was performed.
Question (3): Is it intended that the current Edition of the ANSI/ASME 631.3 Code apply retroac-
tively to piping in existing facilities?
Reply (3): No. See the Introduction.
Question (4): If it has been determined that the ANSI/ASME 631.3 Code Section is applicable,
whose responsibility is it for compliance and for establishing the requirements for design, construction,
examination, and testing of piping systems?
Reply (4): The owner's.
Question (S): What is required by OSHA standards in the examination and testing of piping?
Reply (5): ANSI/ASME 631.3 does not address the application of regulatory requirements.
56
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31, Hydrotest Preparation
File: B31-86-033
Question: Mayall joints, including welds, used in piping systems covered by ANSI/ ASME 831.1,
ANSI/ASME 831.3, ASME/ANSI B31.4, ANSI/ASME 831.8, ANSI/ASME B31.9, and ANSI/ASME
B31.11 be primed and painted prior to hydrotest?
Reply: Yes.
57
ASME/ANSI831.3
July 1, 1987, Through April 30, 1988
Gener~1 Inform~tion
the Code may have superseded the reply. The interpret~tions ~re not ~rt of the Code or its
Addend~.
mation is available· which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further:, persons ag-
grieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated
Appendix Z.

59
831.3
Paras. 300(c)(51 and 302.3.5, and Appendix 0; longitudinal Stresses and longitudinal
8ending Stresses, Sustained loads 6-03 831-87-022
Paras. 300.2 and 305.2, and Appendices A and M; Classification of
Fluid Services, and Use of API 5l 6-01 831·87-012
Paras. 302.3.5 and 321.1.1; longitudinal Stresses, Support Configurations 6-07 831-87-032
Paras. 304.3 and 304.7.2, Extruded 8ranch Connections 6-09 831-87-0268
Para. 311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Socket Welds, Cap Dimension... . .. 6-02 831·87-013
Para. 311.2.4 and Figs: 327.4.28 and C; Use of Socket Welds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-05 831-87-024
Paras. 323.1.2 and 323.2.4; Use of API 5l 6-06 831·87-031
Paras. 345.1, 345.5, 345.9 and M345.1; Category M, Alternative leak Test. . . . . . . . . . 6-08 831-87-034
Tables 341.3.2A and 8; Acceptance Criteria. . . .... . ..... . . .. .. . . .. . . . ... . .. .. .. 6-04 831-87-023
61
. ....,... ,
"
(
Subject: ANSI/ ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300.2 and 305.2, and Appendices A and
M; Classification of Fluid Services, and Use of API 5L
File: 831-87-012
,
Question (l): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 831.3, para. 300.2, are there only two categories,
namely, Categories D and M fluid services?
Reply (l): No. See the definitions for Categories 0 and M fluid services; and see para. 300.1 .1 (b),
which states that only Categories D and M fluid services are segregated for special consideration. See
also Appendix M.
Question (2): Should general hydrocarbon service be considered Category M?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In ANSI/ASME 831.3, what limitations are thereon the use of API5L Grade 8 ERW,
EFW, and SAW pipe materials?
Reply (3): See para. 305.2.3 and applicable Notes referenced in Appendix A for these materials.
c.. .:
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Subject: ANSI/ASME 831.3-1984 Edition, with theANSI/ASME 831.3a-1984 Addenda,

Para. 311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Socket Welds, Gap Dimension
File: 831·87-013
Question (l): In ANSI/ASME 831.3, para. 311.2.4(b){2) states, "Weld dimensions shall not be less
than those shown in Figs. 327.4.28 and c."
In Figs. 327.4.28 and C, there is a dimension that reads
"V16 in. approx. before welding." Do the above words mean that the gap should be no larger than
1/16 in.?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): If the response to Question (1) is no, how large a gap would be acceptable?
Reply (2): The "1/'6 in." is not a "welding dimension." It is intended as an "approximate"
dimension for nominal clearance.
63
6-03 B31.3 Interpretations No. ()
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300(c)(5) and 302.3.5, and Appendix D;
Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal Bending Stresses, Sustained Loads
File: B31-87-022
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), when calculating the
longitudinal stresses due to pressure, weight, and other sustained loads, should the thickness of pipe
used in calculating Si. be the nominal thickness minus mechanical, corrosion, and erosion allowances
Reply (l): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c) and Appendix D, when
calculating the longitudinal bending stresses due to sustained loads, does ANSI/ASME B31.3 require
that the stress intensification factors from Appendix D be applied?
Reply (2): No. However, see ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 300(c)(S).
.

B31.3c-1986, Tables 341.3.2A and B; Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-87-023
,
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, can an imperfection be
evaluated by an examination method not marked with an "X," other than as a supplementary examina-
tion?
Reply (1): Yes. Table 341.3.2B does not state ANSI/ASME B31.3 requirements.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, concave root surface
imperfections can be evaluated by visual, ultrasonic, or radiographic examination. Table 341.3.2A
indicates concave root surface imperfections to be evaluated by visual examination only. What accept-
ance criteria are used for radiographic examination?
Reply (2): ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address such criteria for radiographic examination.
Question (3): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2B, weld undercutting imper.
fections can be evaluated by visual examination. Table 341.3.2A indicates undercutting imperfections
to be evaluated by visual or radiographic examination. In this case, are the radiographic examination
acceptance criteria stated for use as a supplementary examination?
Reply (3): No.
Note: Consideration will be given to clarify Tables 341.3.2A and 341.3.2B.
65
6-0S, 6-G6 B31.3 Interpretations No. 6
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition With ANSI/ASME B31.3a-1984 Addenda, Para.

311.2.4 and Figs. 327.4.28 and C; Use of Socket Welds
File: B31-87-024
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 311.2.4, is a weld strength calcula-
tion, including bending moments, required for each socket weld?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance witli ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. 303, are the ratings of socket welding
components reduced in consideration of welded joint strength?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Is the use of socket welding connections prohibited for joints under pressure-
temperature conditions in excess of the ratings for ANSI B16.5 Class 900?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31 .3-1984 Edition With Addenda Through ANSI/ASME
B31.3c-1986, Paras. 323.1.2 and 323.2.4; Use of API 5L
File: B31-87-031
Question (1): Are there restrictions in ANSI/ASME B31.3 that would prohibit the use of seamless
API SL, Grade X-80?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Since API SL, Grade X-80 is not listed in ANSI/ASME B31.3, Table A-l, is it
acceptable to treat it as an unlisted material per para. 323.1.2 and use the rules of para. 323.2.4 for
developing design limitations?
Reply (2): Yes. Note: The inquirer may wish to consider alternative rules for design of high pressure
piping in Chapter IX of ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through ANSI/ASME B31.3c-
1986.
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.
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66

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 302.3.5 and 321.1.1; Longitudinal Stresses, Support
Configurations
File: B31-87-032
Question: Shall all support configurations be considered in the evaluation of longitudinal stress in
accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5k)?
Reply: Yes. See also ANSI/ ASM E B31.3, para. 321.1.1(7).

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 345.1, 345.5, 345.9, and M345.1; Category M, Alternative
Leak Test
File: B31-87-034
Question (1): ANSI/ ASME B31.3, para. M345.1 refers to para. 345.1 for testing. If a hydrostatic
test is not practical, does ANSI/ASME B31.3 intend for toxic gas service piping to be alternative leak
tested in accordance with para. 345.9l
Reply (1): No. ANSI/ASME B31.3 provides the option of a pneumatic leak test in accordance with
para. 345.5. See para. 345.1 (b).
Question (2): Does ANSI/ASME B31.3 permit piping to be put into toxic gas service following the
alternative leak test in accordance with para. 345.9l
Reply (2): Yes.

B31.3c-1986, Paras. 304.3 and 304.7.2; Extruded Branch Connections
File: B31-87-o26B
Question: Are the requirements of ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 304.7.2 applicable to extruded
branch connections to which the design formulas given in para. 304.3 cannot be applied?
Reply: Yes.
67
ASME/ANSI 831.3
May 1, 1988, Through April 30, 1989
Gener~1 Inform~tion
the Code may have superseded the reply. The interpret~tions ~re not part of the Code or its
Addend~.
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical na,ture. In these cases, a revised reply,
bearing the original intrepretation number with the 'suffix R, is presented.
grieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME ,committee or subcommittee. As stated
"endorse" any item,construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Appendix Z.

,,,":"/,
1.<£::.:
69
831.3
Paras. 300, 300.1, and Fig. 300.1.1; Applicability , . 7·10 831·88·022

Paras. 300(c)(3) and (5), and 302.3.5; Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal
8ending Stresses-Sustained Loads . 6-03R 831-87-022"
Paras.'3OO(c)(3l, 302.3.5, 319.2.3, and 319.7; Piping Supports . 7-05 831-88-001
Paras. 301.2, 302.2.4, and 322.6.3; Pressure Relief Device Set Pressure . 7-01 831-87-021
Paras. 302.2.4, 302.3.5, and 319.2.3; Allowable Stress-Calculating Displacement
Stress Range . 7-04 831-87-041
Paras. 304.3.3 and 328; Spacing of Welds. . '.' 7-02 831-87-039
Para. 305.2.3, and Tables A·1 and A·1 B; Spiral Welded Pipe . 7-03 831-87-040
Para. 328.5.4(f) and Fig. 328.5.40; 8ranch Reinforcement . 7-08 B31-88-OO9
Para. A327.2.4; Qualification Test for CPVC Piping . 7-09 831-88-021
Paras. K315 and K322.3; Tubing Joints-Instrument Piping . 7-07 831-88-008
Table 327.4.1A; Weld Acceptance Criteria-Concavity and Convexity . 7·06 B31-88-002
71
831.3 Interpretations No. 7 6-03R,7-01
Interpret~tion: 6-03R
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Paras. 300(c)(3) and (5), and 302.3.5;
Longitudinal Stresses and Longitudinal Bending Stresses-Sustained Loads
Item: B31-87-022·
Question (1): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), when calculating the
longitudinal stresses due to pressure, weight and other sustained loads, should the thickness of pipe
used in calculating SL be the nominal thickness minus mechanical, corrosion, and erosion allowances
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. 302.3.5(C) when calculating the
longitudinal bending stresses due to sustained loads, what stress intensification factors should be
applied?
Reply (2): ANSI/ ASME B31.3 does not address the application of stress intensification factors for
longitudinal stress due to sustained loads; but see ANSI/ASME B31.3, paras. 300(c)(3) and (5).
r··.-
\·~~t;. Subject: ANSI/ASME 831.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through 831.3c-1986, Paras.
301.2, 302.2.4, and 322.6.3; Pressure Relief ~vice Set Pressure
File: B31-87-021
Question: In accordance with ANSI/ ASME 831.3, paras. 301.2 and 322.6.3, may the set pressure
of a single pressure relieving device for a piping system be chosen higher than the design pressure of
the piping system provided para. 302.2.4 is satisfied for the maximum relieving pressure?
Reply: No.
73
Subject: ASME/ ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 304.3.3 and 328; Spacing of Welds
File: B31-87-039
I
Question: In accordance with ASME/ ANSI B31.3, are there requirements or guidelines on the
minimum distance between welds in a pipe?
Reply: No, except as provided in para. 304.3.3(e).
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 305.2.3, and Tables A-1 and A-1 B; Spiral
Welded Pipe
File: B31-87-040
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table A-1, does ASTM A 671 and A 672
as listed, apply for both straight welded pipes and spiral welded pipes?
Reply (1): No. ASTM A 671 and A 672 do not include spiral welded pipe. ASTM specifications
covering spiral welded pipe include "spiral welding" in their scope. These include ASTM A 134, A 139
and A 211. API-5L also includes spiral welding. See ASME/ ANSI B31.3, Table A-1 B.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME/ ANSI B31.3, para. 305.2.3, can carbon steel spiral
welded pipe be used for severe cyclic service?
Reply (2): No.
74
Subject: ASME/ ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 302.2.4, 302.3.5, and 319.2.3; Allowable
Stress-Calculating Displacement Stress Range
File: 831-87-041
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ ANSI 831.3, para. 302.3.5, should the basic allowable
stress at maximum metal temperature Sh used for calculating the allowable displacement stress range,
be for the normal upPer temperature under operatif1g conditions, and exclude all short-time excursions
above such normal operating temperature?
Reply (1): No. In accordance with para. 319.2.3, the allowable displacement stress range is based
on the maximum and minimum temperatures for the displacement cycle under analysis. .
Question (2): Are the provisions of ASME/ ANSI 831.3, para. 302.2.4 applicable for establishing
the allowable displacemeot stress range for flexibility analysis?
Reply (2): No.
i"'""'.:.
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6
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Subject: ANSI/ ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with Addenda through B31.3c-1986, Paras.
300(c)(J), 302.3.5, 319.2.3 and 319.7; Piping Supports
File: B31-88-001
Question (1): When a pipe moves away from a support, should the longitudinal stresses for the
pipe in the installed po~ition, or the longitudinal stresses for the pipe in the operating position, or both,
be compared to ANSI/ASME B31.3 allowable in accordance with para. 302.3.5(c>?
Reply (1): Both. See also para. 300(c)(3).
Question (2): Does ANSI/ ASME B31.3 require the evaluation of the secondary effects of pressure,
such as pressure expansion and elongation or the Bourdon effect with bends?
Reply (2): No. See also para. 300(c)(3).
Question (3): Does ANSI/ ASM E B31 .3 address the stresses caused by axial forces in the displace-
ment stress calculations?
Reply (3): No. See also paras. 300(c)(3) and 319.7.
Question (4): What is the ANSI/ASME B31.3 definition of "displacement stress range"?
Reply (4): The displacement stress range is defined in para. 319.2.3 as tIthe algebraic difference
between the extreme displacement condition and the original (as installed) condition (or any anticipated
condition with a greater differential effect)."
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition with the B31.3a-1984 Addenda, Table 327.4.1A;
Weld Acceptance Criteria-Concavity and Convexity .
File: B31-88-002
Question: Is it the intent of ANSI/ASME B31.3 to interpret concavity and convexity by radiogra-
phy on welds required by B31 .3 or the engineering design to be radiographed when this interpretation
can not be made by visual examination?
Reply: For concavity, yes. ANSI/ASME B31.3 does not address convexity except as "internal
protrusion" or "external reinforcement," neither of which is evaluated by radiography.
lor
~
16
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. K315 and K322.3; Tubing

Joints-Instrument Piping
File: B31-88-008
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. K31 5 apply to process control (instrument piping) tube
fittings and tube jo!nts?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 328.5.4(f) and Fig. 328.5.40; Branch
Reinforcement
File: B31-88-009
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 328.5.4(f), is the attachment weld be-
tween the reinforcement member and the run pipe required for a full encirclement type reinforcement
installation?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not specifically address full encirclement branch reinforcement.
The Committee will be studying this item for possible future revisions.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Para. A327.2.4; Qualification Test for CPVC
Piping
Item: B31-88-o21
Question: For CPVC plastic piping, is there a discrepancy between the hydrostatic test require-
ments in para. A327.2.4 for qualifying a bonding procedure specification (BPS) and the hydrostatic
burst strength requirement for solvent cemented joints in ASTM F 493?
Reply: No. ANSI/ASME B31.3, para. A327.2.4 requires that a test assembly containing joints
withstand a hydrostatic test pressure of fo,:,r times the design pressure. ASTM F 493 qualifies the cement
used in the joint.
',' ,. ~
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77
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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300, 300.1, and Fig. 300.1.1;
Applicability
Item: B31-88-022
Question: Which section of the ASME/ ANSI B31 Code for Pressure Piping covers piping for a
transmission line between an oil terminal and a tank farm part of the piping being accessible to the
public?
Reply: ASME/ ANSI B31.3 and 831.4; see Fig. 300.1.1 of B31.3.
L:.
<
78
ASME 831.3
I
INTERPRETATIONS NO.8

May 1, 1989, Through May 31, 1990
General Information
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 831 <:ommittee concerning 831.3
or if none is stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect. on the date of issuance of the interpretation.
bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented. . .
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration. of these interpretations when or if additional
For detailed instructions on preparaion of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to
AppendixZ.

interpretations by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover· interpretations issued from
i" ",
\.~:!. . . .
79
831.3
Subject lr.lteJflldatlon FileNo.
Fig. 328.4.4; 8ranch Pipe Projection Into Run Pipe •.••.••••••••••.•••••.•••.•••••••..•. , 8-28 831·90-008
Fig. 328.5.28; Double-Welded Slip-On Flange - Dimension ••• '.' ••••••••••••.•••••.•••• 8-27 831·90-007
Paras. 300 and 300.1 and Fig. 300.1.1, Applicability - Offshore PIatfonn ••••••••••••••••• 8-17 B31-89-017
Paras. 300(b) and 300.2 and Appendix M; Oassiflcadon of fluid 5erYlce, t.arge
Temperature Changes ••.•........•.•..••••••••••...•••••.••••••••••••••••••••••.. 8-09 B31-89-018
Paras. 3OO(c)(2) and 323.3.4; Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria
Below' - 32O"F •.•.••.•.•.••.••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.•.• · 8-30 B31·9O.()10
Paras. 300.1.1 and 300.2; Rules for In·Une Sensing Devices••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• ; 8-01 B31-88-0288
Paras. 302.2.4 and 345.4; Maximum Allowable Valve Body cavity Pressure. ••••••••••••••• 8-04 831-89-007
Para. 302.3.2 and Table A-1; Stress Value for A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2••••••••••••• , 8-25 831-89-051
Para. 302.3.5; Stresses due to Cold Spring .•••.••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-16 831-89-036
Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H; Branch Reinforcement •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• · 8-06 831-89-009
Para. 304.3.3 and figs. 304.3.3 and 1028.5.4; Area Replacement - DefInitions ••••••••••• · 8-37 831·90.()17
Para. 304.5.1 and Table A-1; MaterialslFittings - Use of Two Crades •••••••••••••••••••• 8-18 831-89-033
Paras. 318 and 328.5.4; fillet Welds . 8-13 831-89-028
Paras. 323.1.1 and 323.1.2; Material Reidentiflcatlon ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-19 831-89-043
Para. 323.1.2 and Table 326.1; Material for Valve Body and Internals . 8-07 831-89-010
Para. 330; Preheat Requirements - Welding Procedure Specification ••••••••••••••••••••• 8-21 831-89-045
Para. 330.1; Preheat Temperature - Procedure Qualification . 8-23 831-89-047
Para. 331.1.1; Postweld Heat Treatment . 8-08 831-89-013
Paras. 331.1.2, 331.3.", and 331.3.7; Temperature Monitoring of Stress
Relieving of Pipe Welds in Series •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-05 831-89-008
Para. 331.1.7: Hardness Tests - Procedure QualIftcat10n Records. .. 8-22 831-89-046
Para. 332.1; Use of Eibowiess Steel Pipe in 831.3 . 8-03 831-89-006
Para. 332.2.1: Bends - Requirements for . 8-20 831-89-044
Para. 341.3.2 and Table 341.3.2A; Acceptance Criteria - Uquid Penetrant and
Magnetic Particle . 8-32 831·90.()12
Paras. 341.4.1 and 344.2: Visual examination - Small Bare Piping. •••••••••••••••••••••• 8-26 831·90-001
Paras. 341.4.1, 341.4.3, and 344.2.1: Visual examination - Intemallnspection . 8-10 831-89-019
Para. 341.4.l(c): CertifIcations and Records ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-02 831-88-030
Paras. 341.4.2 and 341.5 and Table 341.3.2A; Category 0 Fluid SeMc:e •••••••••••••••••• 8-38 831-89-049
Paras. 345 and 345.2.2: Leak Test as Nondestructive &amlnatlon •••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-31 831·90-011
Paras. 345.1 and 345.9: Leak Testing••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-15 831-89-035
Paras: A3?4~ ~28.2.1, A328.2.5 and A328.5: Bonding QualJflcat10n Test,
JOint Umitations ' . 8-14 831-89-034
Para. A314 and Table 314.2.1: PIastlc Uned Pipe - Use of 5aeINed FIanps •••••••••••••• 8-33 831·90-013
Paras. M307.2 and MA323.4.2: Category M Fluid SeMc:e - Double Contained
Piping; Use of Valves •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8-35 831·90-015
Postweld Heat Treatment - Seal Welding . 8-12 831-89-023
Table 323.3.1 and Para. 328.2.1: Impact Requirements in Qualifying
a Welding Procedure . 8-29 831·90-009
Tables 326.1 and A·1: Dual Certified Materials and Components••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 8-34 831·90-014
Table 331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.•• 8-24 831-89-050
Table A-1: Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength and Allowable Stresses for ASTM
B 464, Grade 20 Cb•••.•..•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• : 8-11 831-89-020
Table A-1: Use of Plate Material for Pipe . " 8-36 831·90-016
81
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300.1.1 and 300.2; Rules for In-Une Sensing
Devices
File: 831-88-0288
Question: Shall the· pressure containing piping components of an' in-line sensing device be
designed, fabricated, examined, and tested In accordance with the rules of ASMf/ANSI 831.31
Reply: Yes; see the definitions for "plping" and "piping components" in ASMf/ANSI 831.3,
para. 300.2. See also para. 300.1.1.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.4.1 (c); CertifiCations and Records
File: 831-88-030
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI 831.3, para. 341.4.1 (c), can manufacturers' markings
I,· .
L:· on pipe, fittinp, and components be reprded as confirmation of material compliance with the
specifications1
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 332.1;
Use of EJbowIess Steel Pipe in 831.3,
File: B31-89-006
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI B31.3 is the use of pipe bending permltted1
Reply: Yes; see ASMf/ANSI 831.3, para. 332.1.
83
8-04,8-05,8-06 831.3 Interpretations No.8
Subject: ASMf/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Paras.

302.2.4 and 345.4; Maximum Allowable Valve Body cavity Pressure
File: 831-89-007
Question: In accordance with ASMf/ANSI 831.3, what is the maximum pressure buildup relative
to the pressure rating of the valve permitted in' the ~ body cavity?
Reply: 133% of the pressure rating of the valve provided that all of the requirements of ASMEJ
ANSI 831.3, para. 302.2.4 are met. Also see para. 345.4 for pressure test requirements.
Interpretation: 8-0S
Subject: ASMfJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 304.3.3
and Appendix Hi 8ranch Reinforcement
File: 831-89-009
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI 831.3, para. 304.3.3, is the weld joint factor ~ for
calculating the required thickness of the branch t. always equal to 1.0 whether the branch is lon-
gitudinally welded or notl
Reply: No. The weld joint quality factor EJ for the branch in accordanci;e with para. 302.3.4 shall
be used.
Note: Example H-2 of Appendix H will be reviewed by the. Committee for possible revision.
84
B31.3 Interpretations No. 8 8-07,8-08
,:',
'.'
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 323.1.2
and Table 326.1; Material for Valve Body and Internals
File: B31-89·01 0
Question (1): Is ASTM A487-1C (formerly A487-1Q) an,acceptable n,aterial for valve bodies
within the scope of ASMEIANSI B31.31
Reply (1): Yes, if qualified as an unlisted material in accordance withASMElANSI B31.3, para.
323.1.2.
Question (2): Are valve internal materials covered by ASMEIANSI B31.31
Reply (2): ASMEIANSI B31.3 does not cover valve internal components except by reference to
valve standards listed In Table 326.1.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 331.1.1; Postweld Heat Treatment
File: B31-89-013
Question: In accordanc,:! with ASMEIANSI B31.3, para. 331.1.1, is postweld heat treatment
required in the welding procedure specification for P-No. 1 materials when postweld heat treatment
is needed solely for the type of service1 .
Reply: Yes, and the requirements for postweld heat treatment should be specified in the engi-
neering design.
85
;~
.'
~
~, 8-10 831.3 Interpretations No. 8
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. 3OO(b)
and 300.2, and Appendix M; Classification of Fluid Service, Large Temperature
Changes
File: B31-89-018
Question (1): Is it a requirement of ASM~ANSI B31.3 that piping for liquid oxygen (LOX) at
- 2970F and 6000 psig be classified as Category M fluid service as defined in para. 300.21
Reply (1): No; it is the owners responsibility to determine which fluid services are to be
identified as Category M. See para. 3OO(b)(1). Appendix M may be used as a guide in making such
determinations.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 require that piping which undergoes a large, rapid tem-
perature change be considered to experience severe cycle conditions as ~ned in para. 300.21
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras.

341.4.1,341.4.3, and 344.2.1; Visual Examination - Intemallnspection
File: B31-89-o19 '
Question: Is it the intent of ASME/ANSI B31.3, paras. 344.2.1, 341.4.1, and 341.4.3 that random
or 100% visual examination of weld internal surfaces requires indirect observation by aids such as
borescopes1
Reply: No. The intent of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 344.2.1 is that the phrase"•••or can be exposed
to view..." refers to direct visual examination. .
86
B31.3 Interpretations No.8 8-11, 8-12, 8-13
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, Table A-1; Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength and
Allowable Stresses for ASTM 8 464, Grade 20 Cb
File: 631-89-020
. ,
Question (1): Are the correct specified minimum tensile strength (SMTS) and basic allowable
stresses listed in ASME/ANSI 831.3, Table A-1 for ASTM 8464 Grade 20 Cb (UNS N08020H
Reply (1): No. The SMTS should be 80 ksi. The basic allowable stresses are being revised for
inclusion in a future addenda to ASMEIANSI 831.3.
Question (2): For ASTM B464 Grade 20 Cb may the allowable stresses in ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Table UNF-23.3 be used ,for design of ASMEIANSI
831.3 piping.
Reply (2): Yes, but the allowable stresses must be adjusted by the appropriate weld joint factor.
Interpretation: 8-12.
f ~'"' .
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988; Postweld
Heat Treatment - seal Welding
File: 831-89-023,
Question: What are the requirements of ASME/ANSI 831.3 regarding preheating and postweld
heat treatment of rings or similar welded parts in the manufacture of valvesl
Reply: ASME/ANSI 831.3 does not address this subject.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Paras. 318
and 328.5.4; Fillet Welds
Date Issued:' November 16, 1989
File: 831-89-028
Question: Does ASMEIANSI 831.3 pennit the use of fillet welds as the primary pressure con-
taining welds for special (proprietary) jointsl
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of ASME/ANSI 831.3, paras. 328.5.4 and 318 are met.
I .
" f.
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87
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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. A304,
A328.2.1, A328.2.5, and A328.5; Bonding Qualification Test, Joint Umitations
File: 831-89-034
Question (1): ApplYing the rules of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.2.5(a), the required bonding
qualification test assembly should consist of at. least one pipe-to-pipe joint and one pipe-to-fitting
joint. Is a pipe-ta-pipe joint required for solvent cemented joints in thennoplastic piping1
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.2.5(a), is a pipe-ta-fitting joint required for hot
gas welded joints in thennoplastic piping1
Reply (2); Yes.
Question (3): Applying the rules of ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A304, the required test pressure
for the bonding qualification test assembly specified in para. 328.2.5(b) may exceed the minimum
burst pressure of the plastic components. Is this the intent of ASME/ANSI. B31.31
Reply (3): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address the issue of minimum burst strength.
Que,stion (4): Is it in violation of ASME/ANSI B31.3 to conduct hot gas bonded welds with joints
that have a root face and root gap other than Va in.1
Reply (4): No, ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.5.2(a) states recommendations for joint dimen-
sions. See the requirements of para. A328.2.1 (b).
Question (5): In ASME/ANSI B31.3, paras. A328.S.3 and A328.S.4, does the word "fillet" apply
to heat fusion joints1
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. A328.S.3(b) states that asserriblyof the surfaces to be
joined shall produce a small fillet of cement at the outer limits of the joint. If, after the joint cures
and the cement dries, there are areas at the outer limits that do not exhibit a small fillet, is the joint
rejectable?
Reply (6): Yes.
88
__ ~ _ ~ _ ~ ~ ~ ~ __ ~ c-~~ __ ~ ~ ~ _
,.-
Subject: ASMEIANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda 831.3b-1988, Paras. 345.1 and
345.9; Leak Testing
File: 831·89-035
Question (1): Where leak testing a system follows guidelines under, ASMEIANSI 831.3, para.
345.1 (c), does ASMEIANSI 831.3 require that all items under para. 345.9 be performed (345.9.1,
345.9.2, and 345.9.3H
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Where tying a newly constructed ASMEIANSI 831.3 normal fluid service piping
system into an existing piping system, and the tie-in weld cannot be i$Olated for hydrostatic or
pneumatic testing, and the conditions of para. 345.1 (c) do not apply, what does ASMEIANSI 831.3
require for leak testingl
Reply (2): ASMEIANSI B31.3 does not address leak testing under these circumstances.
. ~." Subject:, ASMEIANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para.
302.3.5; Stresses due to Cold Spring
File: 831-89-036
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 302.3.5(c), is it required to indude the
stresses due to cold spring in the sustained longitudinal stress 5,1
Reply: No•
.. '
..
\;
89
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras. 300
c
and 300.1 and Fig. 300.1.1, Applicability - Offshore Platform
File: B31-89-o1 7
Question: At what 'point does the coverage of ASME/ANSI B31.3 end In piping connected to a
launcher/receiver for .a pipeline pig and a pipeli!"elriser on In offshore platform?
Reply: Except as stated in para. 300.1.1 (c) and shown in Fig. 300.1.1, ASME/ANSI B31.3 does
not specify limits of coverage; it Is the owner's responsibility to specify the appropriate B31 Code
break points. See para. 3OO(b)(1). .
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 304.5.1
and Table A-1; Materials/Fittings - Use of Two Grades
File: B31-89-033
Question (1): When using stainless steel materials that meet ASTM requirements for two grades
(e.g. 304/304L or 316/316l) In B31.3 piping, may the desilP' be based on the allowable stresses
tabulated in ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table A-1 for the straight grade through 100crF and for the Lgrade
above 10000F?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): May stainless steel tlan. . and flanged fittings, that meet ASTM requirements for
two grades (e.g. 304/304L or 316/316l) be qualified by ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 304.5.1 for desilP'
temperatures above ao<rF and 85", respectively?
Reply (2): Yes; L grade stresses must be used above l00crF.
90
831.3 Interpretations No.8 8-19,8-20,8-21
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 323.1.1 and 323.1.2; Material Reidentifica-
tion
File: B31-89:'043
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 require that materials conforming to para. 323.1.1 or
323.1.2 be reidentified after cutting for fabrication?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 have qualification requirements for an individual who
reidentifies material?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 332.2.1; Bends - 'Requirements for
File: B31-89-o44
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI B31.3, para. 332.2.1, is it pennissible to reduce the
outside diameter of the bend by grinding if the wall thickness required by the design is maintainedl
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address this subject.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Para. 330;
Preheat Requirements - Welding Procedure speeifie:atlon
File: B31-89-Q45
Question: In accordance with ASMEJANSI B31.3, para. 330, for temperature verifk:atIon, ~t
of preheat zone, and limitations on interruption of welding, is it required that the welding procedure
specification detail these requirements? '
Reply: No.
91
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, p.,ara.

c.
331.1.7; Hardness Tests - Procedure Qualification Records
File: 831-89-046
Question: In accoroance with ASME/ANSI 831.3, para. 331.1.7, is it ~uired that hardness tests
be verified on procedur~ qualification records?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASMFJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3b-1988, Para. 330.1;
Preheat Temperature - Procedure Qualification
File: 831-89-Q47
Question: In meeting the requirements of ASMFJANSI 831.3, para. 330.1.1 for preheat tem-
peratures, is it necessary to comply with the values in Table 330.1.1, or can the requirements of the
8PV Coc:Ie, Section IX be used?
Reply: ASMFJANSI 831.3, Table 330.1.1 applies, except for those values which are listed as
recommendations.
Subject: ASMFJANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3c-1989, Table

331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 831-89-050
Question: In meeting the requirements of ASMFJANSI 831.3, Table 331.1.1 for heat treatment
of materials in P-Nos. SP-1 through SP-5, what heat treatment is necessary if the engineering design
does not specify the requirements?
Reply: ASME/ANSI 831.3 does not designate a specific heat treatrrient procedure for these
materials. For conformance with ASME!ANSI 831.3, the engineering design must establish proce-
dures in accordance with Note (1) of Table 331.1.1.
Iff..~
~
.'.
92
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Para. 302.3.2
and Table A-1j Stress Value for A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2
File: B31-89-051
Question: Basic allowable stresses for listed materials ASTM A 387, Grade 9, Class 1 and Class
2 are not listed in ASMEIANSI B31.3. May the ·rules of para. 302.3.2(d) be used for calculating the
allowable stresses at 1000F for ASTM A 387, Grade 9, Classes 1 and 2 materials?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3b-1988, Paras.

341.4.1 and 344.2; Visual Examination - Small Bore Piping
File: B31-90-001
Question: Should small bore piping systems be excluded from ASMf/ANSI B31.3 because it is
impractical to conduct "direct" visual examination of internal imperfections?
Reply: No. The engineering design may specify any measures necessary to supplement visual
examination within the requirements of ASMf/ANSI B31.3, para. 344.2.
Subject: ASMf/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Fig. 328.5.2B;
Double-Welded Slip-On Flange - Dimension
File: B31-90-007
Question (1): Is ,it the intent of ASMf/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.5.2B sketch (1), to have the inside
fillet weld some distance below the face of the slip-on flange?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): What is the acceptable range of that dimension?
Reply (2): ASMf/ANSI B31.3 does not specify a range for that dimension.
f::~;'} I ·'a'
'~::
93
File: B31-90-008
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.4.4 sketch: (c), is there a maximum
distance that the branch pipe can project into the run pipel
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3e-1989, Table 323.3.1
and Para. 328.2.1; Impact Requirements in Qualifying a Welding Procedure
File: B31-90-009
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 328.2.1 (d), when impact testing is re-
quired by ASME/ANSI B31.3 or the enBineering desisn In qualifying a welding procedure, does this
requirement apply to both fabricators and manufacturersl
<:
Reply: Yes.
94
B31.3 Interpretations No.8 8·30,8·31

300(c)(2) and 323.3.4; Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria Below
-320°F
File: B31-90-010
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 ~rmit the use Of other toughness testing methods in
place of Charpy impact testing for systems with a minimum design temperature below - 320°F?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 prohibit the use of other testing methods and/or analysis
to supplement Charpy testing to evaluate materials for use below - 320°F
Reply (2): No. see para. 300(c)2.

Question (3): Can the Charpy testing requirements of ASME/ANSI B31.3 be satisfied by testing
at -320°F, even though the minimum design temperature is -423°F?
Reply (3): No; see para. 323.3.4.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Paras. 345
and 345.2~; Leak Test as Nondestructive Examination
File: B31-90-011
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 345, are all forms of leak testing
described considered to be nondestructive examination?
Reply (1): No. ASME/ANSI B31.3.does not dassify leak testing as examination.
Question (2): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 have requirements for the personnel that perform leak
testing?
Reply (2): No; however, the examination for leaks required in ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 345.2.2
should be by personnel qualified for visual examination.
-, ..
/ ;
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95
Interpretation: 8·32 r,'.:,,',

\;/> "
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3·1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Para. 341.3.2
and Table 341.3.2A; Acceptance Criteria - Uquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle
File: B31·90-012
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.3.2, for' the detennination of an
imperfection using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination techniques, is it the size of the
indication or the size of the discontinuity that is used in the detennination of acceptance or rejection?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3 specifies liquid penetrant and magnetic particle examination for the
detection of cracks only, and all cracks are rejectable.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3·1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c·1989, Para. A314
and Table 314.2.1; Plastic tined Pipe - Use of Saewed Flanges
File: B31·90-013
Que~on: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 prohibit the use of threaded flanges on plastic lined metallic
pipe?
Reply: No; threaded joints within the size ranges and limitations in accordance with ASME/ANSI
B31.3, Table 314.2.1 may be'used. Safeguarding may be required; see Note (4) of Table 314.2.1.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through 831.3c·1989, Tables 326.1
and A·1; Dual Certified Materials and Components
File: B31·90-014
Question (1): For temperatures not exceeding 10000F, may ASME/ANSI B31.3 piping systems
be constructed of dual certified stainless steels (e.g. 304/304U using Table A·1 stresses for the
straight grades?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): May the pressure-temperature rating for the straight grade of the corresponding
materials for components listed in ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 326.1 be used?
£
Reply (2): The requirements of the referenced standards apply. ~
96
',','
,J

M307.2 and MA323.4.2; Category M Fluid Service - Double Contained Piping;
Use of Valves
Date Issued: May 7, .1990
File: B31-90-015
Question (1): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3 reqIJlre the use Of double contained piping systems for
Category M Fluid Service1
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASMf/ANSI B31.3, para. MA323.4.2 permit the use of a double contained
thermoplastic piping system for category M Fluid 5ervIce1 '
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. M307.2 require the use of fire safe (fire tested)
valves for Category M Fluid Service1
Reply (3): No. .

.,1.'·
t 1.
I.
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Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Table A-1;
Use of PI~ Material for Pipe
File: B31-90-016
Question: Is pipe fabricated In accordance with ASMf/ANSI B31.3, from a listed plate material
(e.g., A 516 Gr. 60) without refelence to a pipe specification (such as ASTM A 671), acceptable per
ASME/ANSI B31.31
Reply: Yes.
97
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda Throush B31.3c-1989, Para. 304.3.3
and Figs. 304.3.3 and K328.5.4; Area Replacement - DefInitions
File: B31-90-017
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 304.3.3, what,is the correct value of Tit
to be used in calculation L. for the branch connection shape shown in the lower half of Fig. K328.5.4?
Is Tit based upon the reinforcing barrel of the fitting or the wall thickness of the matching branch
pipe?
Reply: The value of Tit to be used in calculation L. for the referenced fitting is the nominal
thickness of the reinforcing barrel less manufacturing mill tolerances, provided that the inaeased
barrel thickness is uniform and extends at least to the L. limit IS shown in, Fig. 304.3.3. Otherwise,
Tit is the nominal thickness of the matching branch pipe, less manufacturing mill tolerance.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 341.4.2 and 341.5 and Table 341.3.2A; eat-
egory 0 Fluid service
File: B31-89-049
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 341.3.2A, what acceptance criteria
should be used for Category 0 Fluid service pipe welds which have been radiographed?
Reply (1): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address radiography for Category 0 Fluid service welds.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, may the owner specify radiography as a
supplementary examination to be performed on Category 0 Fluid 5ervice piping?
Reply (2): Yes; in accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.5.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, para. 341.4.2 and Table 341.3.2A,' if ra-
diography is performed on Category 0 Fluid 5ervk:e pipe welds, and wu not specified by the
engineering design, should the radiography be disregarded?
Reply (3): ASME/ANSI B31.3 does not address this subject.
{.
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98
------_._- -------
ASME B31.3
INTERPRETATIONS NO.9,
, Replies to Technical Inquiries

t, June 1, 1990, Through March 31, 1991
General Information
as part of the update service .to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in
or if none is stated, to the Edition or Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original letters, except fora few typographical and
Appendix z.

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating .
99
831.3
Subject hrterpretation FileNo.
Fig. 328.4.4; Branch Pipe Projection into Run Pipe ••••..••.•••• , •••••••• '" •••••••••••• 8-28R B31·90-008-
Paras. 300.1 and 300.2; Applicability to the Transportation of an Emptied System •••••••••• ~ B31·9().()30
,
... Para. 300.1.1, 300.2, MA306.5, and MA323.4; Applicability to a Textile Plant, and
Category M Fluid Service ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-02 B31·9().()26
Para. 304.5; Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
and Para. 312; Flange Joint System ••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-07 B31·9().()34
Para. 304.S.1(b); F1ange-General••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-09 B31·9().()33
Para. 331.1.1 and Table 330.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements for Attachment of
Bellows ExpansIon Joints to Piping ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,9-0S B31-90-029
Para. 331.1.3 and Table 331.1.1; Heat Treabnent Requirements
of S" Cr'Sodcet Weld •••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-03 B31-90-027
Para. 345.4.2; Test Pressure, Metallic Piping •• " •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 9-08 B31-90-031
Table 319.3.6 and Appendix 0; Flexibility Analysis for Branch Connections•••••••.••••.... 9-01 B31·90-2SA
Table 341.3.2A; Relnfolcenit!l1t and IntI!maI Protrusion Umits ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9-04 B31-90-028
'.
,~
",
101
.j
I
831.3 Interpretations No.9 8-28R. I-en
File: B31-90-008·
Question: In accOrdance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Fig. 328.4.4 sket~ (c), is there a maximum
distance that the branch pipe can project into.the run pipe?
.
,. : Reply: No. The Code does not specify any requirements other than those given in Fig. 328.4.4
sketch (c). Further requirements are the responsibility of the owner.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, With Addenda Through B31.3c-1989, Table

319.3.6 and Appendix D; Flexibility Analysis for Branch Connections
File: B31-9Q-2SA
Question: In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3, para. 319.3.6 and Appendix 0, is it permissible
to use the k- and j- factors for 90 deg. branch connections from Table 0-1 for branch connections
that intersect the run at angles other than 90 deg. (with or without added reinforcement)?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3does not provide specific k and j factors for branch connections at
other than 90 deg.
103
Interpretation: 9-02 ( .. ,
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 300.1.1, 300.2, MAJ06.S, and MAJ23.4; Appl-
icability to a Textile Plant, and Category M Fluid Service
File: 831-90-026
Question (1): Is a ~Ie plant which regularly handles caustic chemicals in its manufacturing
process covered by ASME 831.3, para. 300.1.1 (c)?
Reply (1): Yes. See also the ninth paragraph of the Introduction which begins "It is the owner's
responsibility..•"
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ASME 831.3-1990 that piping for:30% sodium hydroxide
be classified as Category M Fluid Service as defined in para. 300.3?
Reply (2): It is the owner's responsibility to determine which fluid services are to be identified
as Category M. See para. 300(b)(1). Appendix M may be used as a guide in making such detenni-
nations.
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3, para. MAJ23.4.2 prohibit the use of a polypropylene flow
measuring device in Category M fluid services?
:
Reply (3): Yes, if the polypropylene is used as a pressure containing component, not as a liner
or gasket. . (->= -
•..
Question (4): Does ASME 831.3, para. MAJ06.S prohibit the use of a polypropylene insertion
flow measuring device in Cat~ory M fluid service?
Reply (4): If a flow measuring device is not a fabricated branch connection, para. MAJ06.S does
not apply.
Subject: ASME/ANSI 831.3-1987 Edition, With Addenda Through 831.3c-1989, Para. 331.1.3
and Table 331.1.1; Heat Treatment Requirements of 5% Cr Socket Weld
File: 831-90-027
Question: Are the exceptions in ASME/ANSI 831.3, para. 331.1.3(b)(2) applicable to the re-
quirements of Table 331.1.11
Reply: Yes.
t~.·
~
104
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Table 341.3.2A; Reinforcement and Internal Pro-
trusion Umits
File: B31-90-028
. ,
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3, Table 341.3.2A, may heights of reinforcement
and internal protrusion be added together in determining penetrameter requirements for radiograph-
ing girth welds?
,
i .
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 331.1.1 and Table 330.1.1; Heat Treatment Re-
quirements for Attachment of Bellows Expansion Joints to Piping
File: B31-90-029
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 331.1.1, is it required to postweld heat treat
attachment welds joining austentic bellows to P-No. 1, 3, 4, and 5 piping (in thickness requiring
PWHT) when the bellows material thickness is less than or equal to V. in. and the attachment weld
is made with austentic weld material?
Reply: Yes, except as permitted by para. 331.2.2.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 300.1 and 300.2; Applicability to the Trans-
portation of an Emptied System
File: B31-90-030
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987, para. 300.1.2 address the transportation of a piece of
packaged equipment which includes piping?
Reply: Yes.
lOS
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5; Pressure Design of Flanges and 81anks and
Para. 312; Flange Joint System
File: 831-90-034
Question: Does ASME 831.3 prohibit the use of raised and -flat face metallic flanges in combi-
nation 1 .
Reply: No, provided the design of both flanges meets the requirements of paras. 304.5 and
312. _
Subject: ASME 831.3-1987 Edition, Para. 345.4.2; Test Pressure, Metallic Piping
File: 831-90-031
Question: Does a component built to a manufacturer's own standard require shop pressure
testing per !'SME 831.31
Reply: ASME 831.3 does not address the pressure testing of individual unlisted components by
the manufacturer. -
Subject: ASME 831.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5.1(b); Flange-General
File: 831-90-033
Question: When designing aluminum flange, in accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 304.5.1 (b),
is it permissible to design them in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 2, not
considering the large difference in modulus of elasticity between steel and aluminum1
Reply: Yes, however; see also para. 300(c)(2).
106
ASME B31.3

General Information
ASME procedures provide for reconsi~eration of these interpretations when or if additional
information is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons·
aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the Cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As
"rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietaIy device, or activity.
For detailed instructions on preparai~n of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to
Appendix z.

.
YO' interpretations by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from
107
.' 831.3.

Para. 300.1.3(d), Exclusions ••••••••••.•••••'••••••.••.••..••.•••••••••.••••••••••••••• 10.05 831·91.Q04
Para. 301.3.1 and Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperature Design •..••.••••••••.•••••.•••• lQ.02 B31·90-052
Para. 304.1.2, Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure ••••••••••.••••.••••••••••••••••••• lQ.20 831·91-042
Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1044 831-91-024
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components; and Para. 3OO(b)(2),
Designer Responsibility .. 10-11 831·91-016
Para. 304.7.2(c), Unlisted Components and Elements ••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••• 1()..()1 B31·91-007
Para. 304.7.2(c), Unlisted Components and Elements •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. IG:18 831-91-038
Paras. 311.2.5(a) and (b), Fillet Welds; and Para. 328.5.4(d),
Welded Branch Connections •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1~ 831-9O-GS7
Para. 322.6.1(b), Stop Valve in Piping for Pressure Relieving Safety Devices •••••••••••••• 10-10 831·91-013
Para. 323.4.2(b)(I), Specific Requirements for Other Cast Irons ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1()'()1 B31·90-051
Para. 327.4.2, Fillet and Socket Welds.••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-19 831-91-039
Para. 340.3, Rights of the Owner's Inspection; Para. 341.2(c), Responsibility for
Examination; Para. 341.4.1(a)(I), Visual Examination;
and Para. 341.4.1(c), Certification and Records .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-03 831·90-056
Para. 341, Examination••••••••••••••••••••••••• : •••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• la:16 831-G91-G28
Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination ••••••..•••••.•.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-12 831-91-019
Paras 341.3.4(a) and (e), Progressive Examination ••...••••••••..•••••••••••••••••••••• 10-09 831-91-012
Para. 341.4.l(b)(I), Other Examinations; Para. 341.4.3(b), Examination - Severe
Cyclic Conditions; and Para. 344.6.2, Ultrasonic Examination. ••.•••••••••••••••••••••• lQ.17 B31·91-033
Para. 345.9.1, Exami~ation of Welds . 10-15 831-91-027
Para. A323.4.2(a)(I), Specifie Requirements for Thermoplastics ••.•.•••••••••••••••••••• 10-06 831-91-006
·Para. A328.2(a), Bonding Qualification Tests; and Para. A328.5.3(b), Solvent
Cemented Joints in Thermoplastic Piping . 10-08 831-91-G08
Table A-I, Basic Allowable Stresses in Tensidn for Metals•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10-13 831-91-021
1
109
B31.3 Interpretations No. 10 . 10-01, 10-02
••
Interpretation:10-01
, Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 323.4.2(b)(1)
File: B31-90-051
Question (1): In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 323.4.2(b)(1), may
cast iron piping components be used in a refrigeration system, using a hydrocarbon refrigerant with
a design pressure of 300 psig.
Reply (1): No, if the owner classifies a refrigeration system using a hydrocarbon refrigerant as
a process unit. Otherwise, yes, if the system is located outside process unit limits and all other
requirements of para. 323.4.2 applicable to cast iron are met.
Question (2) What is the meaning of "process unit limit" in para. 323.4.2(b)(1)?
Reply (2): See the definition of "process unit" in para. 300.2. The owner must classify and
establish the boundaries of process units not specifically described in para., 300.2.
-;~ •
\'.
.,
' ..
Subject:
Date Issued:
File:
ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 301.3.1 and Table 323.2.2
June 14, 1991
B31-90-QS2
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 301.3.1, is the design min-
imum temperature the lowest' component temperature expected in service, which may result from
auto refrigeration?
Reply (1): Yes, unless the process design provides means to control minimum temperature.
Question (2): In accordance with Table 323.2.2, Note (2), for P-No. 1 carbon steel materials,
if the design minimum temperature is below - 200F, but not lower than - 500F, and the coincident
pressure below - 20°F does not exceed 25% of the design pressure, and the combined longitudinal
,. ! stresses do not exceed 6 ksi, is impact testing required?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): For P-No 1 materials, if the design minimum temperature is below - 500F, is
impact testing required?
Reply (3): Yes, the Table 323.2.2, Note (2) exemption applies only for design minimum tem-
peratures down to - SOOF. Also see para. 302.2.4(h). .
Question (4): If impact testing is required, is the required test temperature the design minimum
temperature, even though coincident pressure may be at or near atmospheric pressure?
Reply (4): Yes. See Table 323.2~2 Column B, Box B-3, and Para. 323.3.4.
111
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Interpretations 3-7 and 5-10, Paras. 340.3, 341.2(c),
341.4.1(a)(1), and 341.4.1(c)
File: B31-9O-056
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1(c), are individual
component markings in accordance with the applicable material specification sufficient to assure
the examiner that the material is of proper specification and.grade?
Reply (1): Yes.
Q\1estion (2): In accordance with para. 340.3, may the owner's Inspector' require that all doc-
umentation produced by the original material manufacturer, including documentation beyond the
material specification requirements, be provided?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): For an owner's inspection system, does the Code require documentation to assure
Question (4): For an owner's stocking system, are warehouse markings sufficient to assure
Question (5): For componeQts which lack full identification, because of size or other reasons,
may the shipping container be properly marked instead.
Reply (5): The Code does not address this subject, except as requirements are stated in the
referenced specification.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition With Addenda, Paras. 311.2.5(a) and (b) and
328.5.4(d)
File: B31-9O-057
Question: Does ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition and its Addenda permit ,the nse of fillet welds
as the primary pressure retaining welds for installation of a full encirclement tee ~ branch con-
nection?
Reply: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition and its Addenda do not specifically address rules for
fillet welding of full encirclement tee type branch connections.
112
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 300.1.3(d); ASME B31.3-1990 Edition
File: B31-91-004
Question (1): In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, p~ra. 300.1.3(d), is piping
which is contained in a p,ressure vessel exempt from the Code?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 300.l.3(d), if a pressure vessel, heat exchanger, pump,
or other piece of equipment is supplied with external piping, are the piping components exempt
from the Code?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): poes ASME B31.3-1990 Edition provide a means for qualifying the use of ASTM
A 240 TP 304 material to - 457"F if material is thinner than 0.099 in.?
Reply (3): No.
."4:;
........... Subject: ~ ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A323.4.2(a)(I), Specific Requirements for Ther-
moplastics
Date Issued: June 14, 1991,
File: B31-91-Q06
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. A323.4.2(a)(I) prohibit the use of ther-
moplastic expansion joints, such as PTFE, in above ground flammable fluid service.
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the Code permit the use of thermoplastic expansion joints, such as PTFE,
in above ground flammable fluid service if safeguarded?
Reply (2): No.
113
File: B31-91-007
Question (1): Paragraph 304.7.2(c) of ASME B31.3-1990 Edition requires that the proof test
be subject to the approval of the Inspector. Is it permissible for a professional engineer or others
without the official title of inspector, but experienced in the design, fabrication, or inspection of
B31.3 piping, to approve the proof test?
Reply (1): Yes, provided that the individual has been designated by the owner and is qualified
to perform that function in accordance with para. 340 of B31.3.
Question (2): For components qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c), must the inspector
designated by the owner to approve the test also have been a witness to the proof test?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. A328.2(a), Bonding Qualification Tests; and Para.
A328.5.3(b), Solvent Cemellted Joints in Thermoplastics Piping
File: B31-91-008
Question (1): In conforming to the qualification tests per ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para.
A328.2.5(a), is a bell-end-ta-plain-end connection considered a pipe-ta-pipe joint for plastic piping?
Reply (1): Yes, if the joint connects two straight pipe sections of the test assembly.
Question (2): If a bonding procedure specification for plastic piping specifically states that it
is limited to pipe-to-fitting joints only, are both a pipe-ta-pipejoint and a pipe-ta-fitting joint man-
datory for conformance with the qualification tests per para. A328.2.5(a)? .
"
Reply (2): Yes.
.,j
Question (3): Can the lack of a small fillet as specified in para. A328.5.3(b) be considered an
unfilled area per Table A341.3.2?
Reply (3): Yes. Also see ASME B31.3, Interpretation 8-14, Question (6). The Committee will
consider future revisions to this paragraph.
114
0··.
,.
-(>
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.3.4{a) and (e), Progressive Examination
File: B31-91-012
Question (1): In complying with the requirements of ASME B31.3-199d Edition, para. 341.3.4,
must additional items examined be of the same size as the defective item?
Reply (I): No, unless otherwise specified by the engineering design.
Question (2): In para. 341.3.4{e), does the phrase "all items represented by the progressive
examinations" refer only to those items which have been examined and found to contain defects?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 322.6.1{b), Stop Valve in Piping for Pressure
Relieving Safety Devices
Date Issued; June 14, 1991
File: B31-91-Q13
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 322.6, are reduced area stop
valves permitted on both the inlet side and discharge side of pressure relieving devices protecting
piping?
Reply (I): Yes, provided the additional requirements of para. 322.6 are met.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 322.6, are reduced area stop valves permitted on both
the inlet side and discharge side of pressure relieving devices protecting pressure vessels in accord-
ance with Section VITI, Division 1 of the BPV Code?
Reply (2): The requirements of ASME B31.3 apply only to B31.3 piping.
115
Subject: ASME °B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components; and Para.
300(b)(2), Responsibility
File: B31-91-016
Question: In accordanc~ with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 304.7.2, is,the designer respon-
sible to the owner for assuring that the design of unlisted components has.been substantiated?
Reply: Yes, see also para. 300(b)(2).
File: B31-91-Q19
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4, is progressive ex-
amination mandatory? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is progressive examination per para. 341.3.4 considered as part of the Code
procedure to determine the acceptability of welds in a particular lot of piping?
•
~
Reply (2): Yes.
Metals
Date Issued: ° June 14, 1991
File: B31-91-Q21
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is it acceptable to use the published
ASTM A 240 or ASTM A 167 Type 317L allowable stresses in Table A-I for a design based on
seamless pipe purchased to the ASTM A 312 Type 317L pipe specification?
Reply: Yes, see para. 323.1.2.
116
~;
.
;
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
File: B31-91-024
Question: Shall flanges designed in accordance with ASME B31.3a-1990, para. 304.5.1(b) or
304.5.2(b) be designed u~ing the allowable stresses from Table A-1?
Reply: Yes, except for austenitic stainless s~eels and nickel alloys whOse allowables are based
on 90% of yield strength at temperature and are shown in italics or boldface in Table A-I. In those
cases, refer to para. 302.3.2(e) for the recommended allowable stress limits.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.9.1, Examination of Welds
.Date Issued: December 2, 1991
File: B31-91-027
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.9.1, when 100% ra-
diography is performed as part of an alternative leak test for Normal Fluid Service piping, are the
acceptance criteria for Normal Fluid Service used?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): When 100% radiography, instead of 20% radiography, is required by the engi-
neering design for Category M Fluid Service and the acceptance criteria are specified to be in
accordance with B31.3, are the acceptance criteria the same as for 20% radiography?
Reply (2): Yes.
'Y. -:
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341, Examination
File: B31-91-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 341.3.3 and 341.3.4, what
method of examination is required for a weld replaced due to defect(s) observed under a visual
examination process?
Reply: The new weld requires the same examination as was required for the original weld.
117
Subject: ASMF/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 341.4.3(b), and 344.6.2 (~

"., ' ~ .~.
File: B31-91-033
I
Question (1): In accordance with ASMFJANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, paras. 341.4.1(b)(1) and
341.4.3(b), is it acceptable ~o replace radiographic examination (RT) with ultrasonic examination
(UT)?
Reply (1): Yes, but in the case ofsevere cyclic conditions [para. 341.4.3(b», such replacement
is permissible only if specified by the engineering design.
Question (2): In accordance with paras. 341.3.2 and 344.6.2, what are the acCeptance criteria
for welds examined by ultrasonic examination?
Reply (2): The requirements are specified in para. 344.6.2.
Question (3): What is the definition of "linear-type" discontinuities?
Reply (3): A discontinuity which is a least three times as long as it is wide.
Question (4): For ultrasonic examination are there types of discontinuities other than linear-
type discontinuities which are acceptable?
Reply (4): The Code does not address such discontinuities.
Question (5): For ultrasonic examination will any types of discontinuities be unacceptable if
they meet the requirements as stated in para. 344.6.2(a)1
Reply (5): The Code does not address types of discontinuities other than linear-type.
Question (6): Is there other information in B3"1.3 concerning acceptance criteria for ultrasonic
examination under para. 344.6?
Reply (6): No.
118
File: B31-91-038
I
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1990, when the pressure rating of a component
has been established in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c) by performing a proof test in accordance
with Section VIII, Division 1, para. UG-101, shall the maximum allowable working pressure be
reduced by a factor which incorporates allowanees, c, as defined in para. 304:1.1, and differences
in wall thickness due to any manufacturing tolerances?
. Reply: Yes, in addition to the other requirements of para. UG-101.
Subject: ANSI/ASME B31.3-1984 Edition, Para. 327.4.2, Fillet and Socket Welds
File: B31-91-Q39
•...
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..
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~ ~.... "
Question: Are socket weld joints with intimate contact before welding (i.e., zero gap) between
the end o.f the pipe and the bottom of the socket weld fitting prohibited by the Code?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.1.2, Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
File: B31-91-042
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is an additional allowance required

for specified wall thickness for pipe beyond that calculated using the formulas under para. 304.1.2,
to cover manufacturing tolerances for under wall thickness? .
Reply: Yes, the requirements of para. 304.1.1 shall also be met.
c.·,.-.·
.:~:: "
119
,..,.-
r,
ASME B31.3

April 1,1992, Through March 31,1993
General Information
,It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the B31 Committee concerning B31.3
as part of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have heen assigned numbers in
the interpretation. Subsequent revisions to the Code may have sup<?rseded the reply. These
'I
Appendix Z.

Volume 1 up to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume..
121
831.3

Para. 302.3.2(f), Bases for Design Stresses - Unlisted Materials ' . 11-05 B31·92-Q02
Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . 11-10 B31-92-014
Paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, Heat Treatment for Flared Laps . 11-03 B31-91-052
Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials , . 11-20 B31-92-059
Para. 323;3.2 and Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing and Acceptance Criteria . ,11·12 B31-92·016
Para. 328.2, Welding Qualification . 11-Q9 B31-92·013
Para. 331.1.3, Heat Treatment - Governing Thickness . '11-Q6 B31-92-<>04
Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination . .11-Q4 B31·91-Q53
Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Examination . 11-02 B31-91-050
Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination . .11-01 B31·91-034
Paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2 and 344.7..1, Records of Examinations . 11·11 B31-92-Q15
Para. 341.4.1 and Table 341.3.2A, Examination Normally Required and Acceptance
Criteria ................................•..............•........................ 11-14 B31-92-Q20
Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required . 11·15 B31·92-Q21
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Testing .................•............................... 11-07 B31-92·005
Para. 345.5.2, Pneumatic Leak Testing - Pressure Relief Device . 11-19 B31·92-050
Para. A305, Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Piping
Components - Pipe . 11-17 B31·92-Q30
Para. A323.4.2(c), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Materials -
Specific Requirements . 11·18 B31-92-031
Para. K304.1.2, Eqs. (34a), (34b), (35a), and (35b), Straight Pipe
Under Internal Pressure . 11-21 B31·92-060
Table 314.2.1, Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded Components : .. 11-16 B31-92-029
Table 341.3.2a, Weld Reinforcement. , . 11-08 B31-91-051
Table A-I, Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension For Metals . 11-13 B31-92-018
123
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11·01.11·02.11-03
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination
File: B31-91-034
Question (1): In aq:ordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, para. 341.4, when applied
to the radiography of welds, what areas, in addition to the weld, are to be included in the "area of
interest" for interpretation and evaluation?
Reply (1): The Code does not specifically define "area of interest."
Question (2): Does the term "weld" include the base metal heat affected zone adjacent to the
weld deposit when applied to radiography?
Reply (2): No. See the definition for "weld" in para. 300.2.
Subject: ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Examination

"
File: B31-91-050
Question: In accordance with ASME/ANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, para. 341.3.4(a), how far back
in time should one go searehing for additional joints to examine to meet the requirements of
progressive examination?
Reply: Time is not a factor. Only piping in the "lot" under examination shall be considered for
progressive examination. See paras. 341.3.4 and 344.1.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, Heat Treatment for Flared
Laps
File: B31-91-052
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 306.4.2 and 332.4.2, does a
flared lap on a P-No. 1 material made at ambient temperatures and exhibiting a calculated maximum
fiber elongation greater than 50% of the specified basic minimum for the- grade of steel used, require
heat treatment under para. 332A.2(a)?
Reply: Yes, except as excluded by para. 332.4.2(a).
125
File: B31-91-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4, if a reject is found at
the second step [para. 341.3.4(c)] of progressive examination, is it required that every weld made
by the same welder since the beginning of the job be examined?
Reply: No. The progressive examination applies only to the particular lot of piping represented
by the original examination.
.
'
17,"').'),';
V
126
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 302.3.2(£), Bases for Design Stresses - Unlisted
Materials
File: B31-92-002
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition provide the basis for peterrnining average ex-
pected yield or tensile strength of unlisted matedals referred to in para. 302.3.2(£)?
Reply (1): No.
.Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 allow the use of API 5LX52 above 400°F?
Reply (2): No, see Note (55) to Table A-I.
Question (3): Does this limitation still apply even if the yield (tensile) strength is defined above
this temperature?
Reply (3): Yes; however, unlisted materials may be used above 400°F if qualified per para.
323.1.2.
Question (4): Does B31.3 provide for improving longitudinal weld joint factors through the use
of ultrasonic or eddy current testing?
.
Reply (4): No. See Table 302.3.4.
Question (5): May ultrasonic examination be substituted for radiography to attain Code required
weld joint quality factor for welde~ fittings?
Reply (5): No.
Question (6): Does B31.3 provide for a 0.95 weld joint quality factor for the longitudinal
(including spiral) welds in pipe that is 100% ultrasonically or eddy current tested and radiographed
on each end?
Reply (6): No, except as specified for certain API 5L pipe in Item 4b of Table 302.3.4.
127
11·06,11·07 831.3 Interpretations No.1 1
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 331.1.3, Heat Treatment - Governing Thickness
File: B31-92-004
Question: In accordaI}ce with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 331.1.3, i~ PWHT required when
the header thickness is greater than the limiting thickness shown in Table 3~1.1.1 but the computed
thickness through the weld is less than two times .the limiting thickness shown in Table 331.1.1?
Reply: No. See Interpretation 5-06.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Testing
File: B31-92-005
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.5, is the minimum
pneumatic test pressure considered to be the design pressure?
Reply: (1): No. See para. 345.5.4.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 345.5.4, is the 110% of design pressure considered to
be the minimum or maximum ,pneumatic test pressure?
Reply (2): The Code defines "test pressure" and does not specifically address minimum or
maximum pneumatic test pressure.
Question (3): In accordance with para. 345.5.2, is the set pressure of the relief device considered
to be the maximum pneumatic pressure?
'. Reply (3): No.
128
Subject: B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, Weld Reinforcement
File: B31-91-051
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, what is the min-
imum height of external'weld
.
reinforcement allowed by the Code?
" .
'
Reply (1): Zero.
Question (2): Is a weld exhibiting concavity on the outside surface acceptable?
Reply (2): The Code does not address external weld concavity, but the total weld thickness
must be equal to or greater than Tw , as defined in Note (6) to Table 341.3.2A.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.2, Welding Qualification
t':· File: B31-92-013

t .,
Ques"tion: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, para. 328.2, maya contractor use a
welding procedure specification written by others provided that he produces a supporting procedure
qualification made by his ow~ organization?
Reply: Yes, see para. 328.2.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.3.3 and Appendix H, Reinforcement of

Welded Branch Connections
File: B31-92-014
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 304.3:3, may the groove weld
attaching an integrally reinforced branch connection fitting to the run pipe be less than fully pen-
etrated, if the depth of the groove is greater than required for adequate branch reinforcement?
Reply: No. See para. 328.5.4(d).
129
--~--- .... _ - - - -
11·11, 11-12, 11-13 831.3 Interpretations No. 11
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2, anq 344.7.1, Records of Exam-
inations
File: B31-92-015
Question: In accordan~e with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, paras. 341.4.1, 344.2.2, and 344.7.1,
are records for individual in-process examinations required only when used as a substitute for
radiographic/ultrasonic examinations in accordance with para. 341.4.1(b)?
Reply: In-process examinations, when used in accordance with para. 341.4.1(b) as a substitute
for radiographic/ultrasonic examinations, must be documented in accordarice with para. 344.2.2.
When in-process examination in accordance with para. 344.7, as opposed; to visual examination
under para. 341.4.1(a), is specified by the engineering design as the type of examination for any
other purpose, documentation is also required. Documentation is not requited for visual examina-
tions performed iI~ accordance with para. 341.4.1(a).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition; Para. 323.3.2 and Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing and
Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-92-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, when impact testing the weld and
HAZ to the requirements of Table 323.2.2, can the base material be represented by any base material
within the same P-Number group?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements for filler metal and flux are in accordance with Table
323.3.1, Box A-4.
Metals
File: B31-92-018
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, what rules are used to develop allowable
stresses for ASTM A 351 CN7M for usage over lOO°F?
Reply: The requirements of paras. 323.2.1 and 323.2.4 apply.
130
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11-14. 11-15. 11.J6
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.4.1 and Table 341.3.2A, Examination Nor-
mally Required and Acceptance Criteria
File: B31-92-020
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1, if a weld for severe
cyclic service has been accepted under visual examination and later shows surface porosity under a
subsequent liquid penetrant examination, is the weld acceptable in accordance with Table 341.3.2A?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required
File: B31-92-021
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.4.1, for a normal fluid
service, does para. 341.4.1(b)(1) permit the in-process examination option for the 5% random ex-
amination, requirement?
Reply: Yes, if specified in the engineering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 314.2.1, Minimum Thickness of Male Threaded
Components
File: B31-92-029
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 314.2.1, does the Fluid Service
Limitation (the first column of the Table) shown as "None" mean "All fluid services"?
Reply: Yes.
131
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A305, Fluid Service Requirements for Nonme-
tallic Piping Components - Pipe
File: B31-92-030
Question: Does ASME B31-3-1990 Edition, para. A305, allow the use of thermoplastics and
RTR piping in flammable fluid service?
Reply: Yes, subject to the fluid service limitations of the pressure containing material. See para.
A323.4.2. .
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. A323.4.2(c), Fluid Service Requirement for Non-
metallic Materials - Specific Requirements
File: B31-92-031
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. A323.4.2(c), allow the use of reinforced ther- e?,:,
mosetting: resin piping in flammable fluid service? ~
Reply: Yes.
"
"
'I
132
'J
831.3 Interpretations No. 11 11·19. 11-20, 11-21
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5.2, Pneumatic Leak Testing - Pressure Re-
lief Device
File: B31-92-050
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 345~5.2, is it permissible for
the engineering design to specify a higher pneumatic test pressure for a piping system than is
required by para. 345.5.4? .
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the engineering design specification of a higher test pressure subject to the
limitations of para. 345.5.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): May a pressure regulator be employed as a substitute for the pressure relief
device required by para. 345.5.2?
Reply (3): No.
Interpreta~ion: 11-20
Subject: ASME; B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials
Date Issued: November 25, '1992 .
File: B31-92-059
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, may micro-alloyed carbon steel bars
not listed in Appendix A-I be used for piping components in B31.3 piping systems?
Reply: Yes. See the requirements of para. 323.1.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. IG04.1.2, Eqs. (34a), (34b), (35a), and (35b),
Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure
File: B31-92-060
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, is the 1.155 factor used in the formulas
in para. IG04.1.2 technically correct?
Reply: Yes, see para. IG04.1.2 footnote (4) and IG02.3.2(b)(1).

133
ASME B31.3
General Information
aggrieved by an interpretation'may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As
Appendix Z.

(.
135
\ .
831.3
Subject Interyretation File No.

12-20 B31-93-Q41
12-05 B31-93-004
12-13 B31-93-027
,12-09 B31-93-o17
12-16 B31-93-o32
12-06 B31-93-007
'12-18 831-93-035
,12-Q4 B31-93-001
12-12 B31-93-024
12-07 B31-93-009
12-10 B31-93-022
12-21 B31·93-G44
12-03 B31·92-075
12-19 B31·93-o36
12-02 831-92-074
12-01 B31·92-072
12-15 831·93-031
12-23 B31·93-o55
12-14 B31-93-030
(' ' 12-22 831-93-051
12-11 B31·93-006
12-17 B31-93-034
12-08 831-93-010
137
831.3 Interpretations No. 12 12-01, 12.02, 12.03
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test
File: B31-92-072
Question: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, may in-process examination, in ac-
cordance with para. 344.7, be substituted for all or part of the radiographic examination requiremeIits
specified in para. 345.9.1 if so specified in the engineering design?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.5.4, Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure
File: B31-92-o74
Question: In accordance with ASME B3l.3-1990 Edition, para. 345.5.4,. does the Code require
that pneumatic test pressure be adjusted according to the ratio of stress value at test temperature
.- to stress at design temperature?
f:'·
\
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 345.3, Preparation for Leak Test
File: B31-92-o75
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does the Code require that all radi-
ographic examination, and all owner-specified magnetic particle examination, be completed before
any leak testing is performed?
Reply: No.
139
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 322.6.3(b)(2), Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-93-001
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, if the system test pressure is
greater than 120% of design pressure, is it acceptable to set a liquid thermal relief device at the
system test pressure? . . ,
Reply (1): No; the set pressure shall not exceed 120% of design pressure, unless the require-
ments of para. 322.6.3(b)(I) are met.
Question (2): Which pressure is considered the system test pressure for a piping system where
all piping subassemblies which include all welds and components are hydrotested at 150% of design
pressure and then assembled and pneumatically tested at 110% of design' pressure?
Reply (2): 110% of design pressure.
Question (3): What is the basis for the 120% of design pressure as used in para. 322.6.3(b)(2)?
Reply (3): The Committee does not provide rationale.
Subject: ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch

Connections,
File: B31-93-004
Question: In accordance with ASMEIANSI B31.3-1987 Edition, does ~ fabricated tee, for which
the rules of para. 304 apply, that has been proof tested in accordance with ,the rules of ASME B16.9
and its references, also have to meet the requirements of para. 304.3.3 to determine the amount of
reinforcement required?
Reply: Yes, unless it meets all of the requirements of ASME B16.9
140
B31.3lnterpretations No. 12 12-06. 12-07. 12-08
,'~:' ,
I·, •
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range
File: B31-93-007
Question: In accordaI,lce with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does para. 3:19.2.3 require that the
difference between the minimum and maximum piping temperatures, whether caused by ambient
or operating conditions, be considered as one of the range of conditions for calculating the displace-
ment stress range?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.1, Welding Responsibility
File: B31-93-Q09
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 328.1, is it permissible for owner,
rather than employer, to assume responsibility for the welding done by employer's personnel; and
for owner to provide WPS, PQR, and to arrange for tests required to qualify or re-qualify welders
and welding operators?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 0-1, FleXIbility Factor k and Stress Intensification
Factori
r·
File: B31-93-Q10
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, maya tee manufactured in accordance
with ASME B16.9, that does not meet the radius and thickness requirements listed in Table 0-1 of
Appendix 0, be used in the construction of B31.3 piping systems?
Reply: Yes; however, the stress Intensification factor listed in Table 0 11 of Appendix 0 for
B16.9 tees does not apply. Refer to Notes for Table 0-1 and para. 319.3.6 for additional guidance
on stress intensification factors.
141
12·09, 12·10, 12·11 831.3 Interpretations No. 12
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition with Addenda, Para. 304.7.2(e) and Table A-I, Unlisted
Components and Elements and Basic Allowable Stresses
File: B3I-93-0I7
Question (1): In accOrdance with ASME B31.3-I990 Edition, does the Code permit the use of
pipe made from ASTM A 240 Grade 32IH plat~ in accordanCe with ASTM A 358?
Reply (1): Yes, see para. 323.1.2.
, Question (2): If so, can the allowable stresses listed for ASTM A 312 Grade TP 32IH with
appropriate joint factors be used?
Reply (2): The Code does not specify allowable stress values for unlisted materials.
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition With ASME B31.3b-I99I Addenda, Para. 328.4.2(a)(2)
and Fig. 328.4.2 Sketches (a) and (b), End Preparation
File: B3I-93-022
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition with ASME B31.3b-199I Addenda,
para. 328.4.2(a)(2) and Fig. 328.4.2 sketches (a) and (b), can the tolerance for the end bevel angle
for a groove weld exceed plus or minus 21/ 2 deg, if verifiable to the WPS?
Reply: Yes.
'Interpretation: 12-11
Subject: ASME B31.3-I990 Edition, Table 0-1, FleXIbility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: B31-93-006
Question; In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, what is the definition of "large di-
ameter thin wall elbows" mentioned in Note (7) to Table D-1? .
Reply: A large diameter thin wall elbow is one in which the pressure significantly affects the
calculated values of k and i when corrected by the equation in Note (7).
142
831.3 Interpretations No. 12 12·12. 12·13. 12-14
r.o Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 328, Welding
File: B31-93-024
Question': In accordance with ASMEB31.3-1993 Edition, if a customer invokes B31.3 in his

general specification and requires that the valves be made to ASME BI6.34, do the specific require-
ments of B16.34 in reference to welding and postweld heat treatment take precedence over the
requirements given in B31.3 for pipe welding?
Reply: B16.34 applies to the manufacture of the valve. Welding of the valve to the piping system
(including postweld heat treatment) shall be per the requirements of B31.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.3.5(d), Additional Design Considerations
File: B31-93-o27
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may the ribs and gussets referred
to in para.~ 304.3.5(d) be either internal or external?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the placement of one or more bars across the internal opening of a branch
connection contribute to reinforcement of the opening?
Reply (2): No, unless qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 304.7.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition With Addenda ASME B31.3a-I990, Table 331.1.1, Heat
Treatment Requirements
File: B31-93-o30
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-199O Edition with Addenda ASME B31.3a-I990,
Table 331.1.1, do P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater then 3% but less than 10%,
a carbon content less than 0.15%, and a nominal thickness of l/Z in. or less require postweld heat
treatment?
Reply: Yes.
·C·
143
12-15, 12·16, 12·17 831.3 Interpretations No. 12
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. M305.1, Fluid Service Requirements for Metallic
Piping Components
File: B31-93-031
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may tubing be used for process piping
in Category M Fluid Service? "
Reply: Yes; see para. M305.1 and definition of pipe in para. 300.2
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 306.4, Fabricated or Flared Laps
File: B31-93-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, what are, the limitations of "hot
flaring" NPS 6-12 ASTM B 106 Grade B and A 53 Grade B carbon steel pipe?
Reply: Hot flaring for NPS 6-12 is not permitted for severe cyclic conditions, Categol}' M Fluid
Services, or High Pressure Fluid Services. For Normal Fluid Service. sec paras. 306.4.2, 3321. and
G
332.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition. Table D-1. Flexibility Factor k and Stress Intensification
Factor i
File: B31-93-034
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition. Table 0-1. Appendix 0, does the use
of the stress intensification factor listedJor a welding tee per ASME B16.9 require T" == l.5T for
both full size and reducing tees?
Reply: Yes; however, see Note (11) to Table 0-1 and para. 319.3.6 for additional guidance
when the thickness limits are not met. .
144
Subject:. ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 322.6.1, Stop Valves in Pressure Relief Piping
File: B31-93-035
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 322:6.1, maya stop valve be
installed between piping being protected and its protective device or devjces, or between the pro-
tective device or devices and the point of dischl\rge?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of para. 322.6.1 (a) and (b) or (b) and (c) are met.
The precautionary consideration of Appendix F, para. F322.6, should be taken into account in the
engjneering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.4.1, Hydrostatic Leak Test
File: B31-93-Q36
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, does the B31.3 Code contain require-
\:'., ments for Ple water to be used for hydrostatic testing?
Reply: Np, except see paras. 345.2.2(c) and 345.4.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 300.1, Scope
File: B31-93-D41
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, may the owner apply B31.3 to piping
containing radioactive fluids in a chemical plant?
Reply: Yes, see the Introduction which states that, "If no Section of the Code for Pressure
Piping specifically covers the installation, the owner at his discretion may select any Section deter-
mined to be generally applicable .•. It should be noted, however, that requirements supplementing
the Code Section may be necessary to provide safe piping for the intended application."
145
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Paras. 345.1 and 345.9, Required Leak Test and Alter-
native Leak Test
File: B31-93-044
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, when parts of an existing piping
system are replaced, does the Code require that, the conditions of para. 345.1 be met?
Reply (1): ASME B31.3-1990 Edition is intended to apply to newly constructed piping. By
contractual agreement it may be applied to the repair or replacement of piping.
Question (2): Does the alternative leak test in para. 345.9 apply only to welded joints?
Reply (2): No. Also, see para. 345.2.2(a).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.13, Acceptance Criteria For Welds
File: B31-93-051
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2a, criterion value symbols
B, C, F and G, would the allowable cumulative length of a defect be prorated down for welds
containing less than the weld length shown?
Reply: The Code does not specifically address this situation.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition With Addenda ASME B31.3a-1993, Para. X3.1.3 and
Fig. X3.1.3 Design Fatigue Curve for Stainless Bellows
File: B31-93-055
QuestiQn: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition with Addenda ASME B31.3a-1993,
para. X3.1.3, shall an additional temperature correction factor be applied to the equation for N e in
Fig. X3.1.3?
Reply: No.
.;
146
,
'-i
-~._ .. -------
/.
' ..
. . _,'
ASME B31.3
INTERPRETATIONS NO. 13 1

General Information
chronological order. Each interpretation applies to the Edition or Aqdenda stated in the
ASME .procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional
information 'is available which· the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons
stated in the Statement of Poli~ in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify,"
Appendix Z.

Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist. the user in locating
147
..
:~ '. -:
831.3
Subject Intery,retation File No.

Alteration of Existing Piping and Hot Tapping ' . 13-04 831-94-017
Certification of a Listed Material to Another Listed Material Specification . 13-10 831-94.Q34
Paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5, Design Pressure . 13-15 B31-94-042
Para. 304.1.1(a), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe . 13-07 831-94·028
Para 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components and Elements . 13'()2 831-94·015
Paras. 304,7.2 and 304.7.2(d), Pressure Design
of Unlisted Components and Elements . 13'()3 B31·94'()16
Paras. 304.7.2 and 319.3.6, Pressure Design and Flexibility Factors . '13-05 831·94.()18
Para 319.4.1, Flexibility Analysis . ,13-14 831·94-041
Para. 328.4, Preparation for Welding . 13'()1 831·93-059
Para 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections . 13·11 831·94.()37
Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing . :13.16 B31·94.()59
Para. 341.3.4(e), Progressive Examination . 13·12 831-94-039
Para. 345.4.2(a), Hydrostatic Test Requirements . 13-13 831·94-040
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Testing . 13-06 831·94.Q20
Para. A328.5.4, Heat Fusion Joints in Thermoplastic Piping . ,13.Q8 831-94-029
Appendix X, Para. X3.2.2, Metallic Bellows Expansion Joints . 13-09 831·94-031
"
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t:-: '. .,."

... .
l.:.~ ~~. '
-
~, 149
"
i;
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 328.4, Preparation for Welding
File: B31-93-059
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Addenda a, does the Code require
that all transitional tapers be filled with weld metal to obtain a consistent outside diameter when
welding together two weld end components that are manufactured to include all of the following:
(1) a weld bevel to nominal wall thickness;
(2) an actual outside diameter greater than the nominal outside diameter;
(3) a taper transition from the actual outside diameter to the nominal outside diameter weld
bevel per ASME BI6.25, Fig. 1. .
Reply: No, the weld must have at least the same nominal wall thickness as the thinner of the
two components.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Cqmponents
and Elements
Date Issued: Nov~mber 21, 1994
File: B31-94-015
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 304.7.2, may the maximum
allowable pressure of an unlisted component be greater than the manufacturer's rating?
Reply: Yes, see para. 300(c)(2).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Paras. 304.7.2 and 304.7.2(d), Pressure Design of Un-
listed Components and Elements
File: B31-94-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, is a proof pressure test, in accordance
with para. 304.7.2(c), required to qualify a flange design not in accordan~ with a listed standard if
the design meets the requirements of para. 304.7.2(d) as well as the introductory requirements of
para.304.7.2?
Reply: No.
151
13·04, 13.05, 13-06 B31.3 Interpretations No. 13
Interpretation: 13·04 r.\;. ·.

....
.'
',~:"
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Alterations of Existing Piping and Hot Tapping
File: B31-94-017
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition and Addenda a apply to alterations of existing
piping, including tie-in branch connections, e.g., hot taps? '
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design qfUnlisted Components
and Elements, and Para. 319.3.6 Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors
File: B31-94-018
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, maya pressure containing piping
component, not manufactured in accordance with a listed standard, and for which the rules in para.
304 do not apply, be qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply'(1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 319.3.6, may stress intensification factors for pressure
containing piping components~ not manufactured in accordance with a listed standard listed in
Appendix D, be established by fatigue testing?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Testing
File: B31-94-020
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition and Addenda a, is it allowable to

pneumatically test above 110% of design pressure?
Reply: No, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
,',
"
152
"
B31.3 Interpretations No. 13 13-07, 13-08
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 304.1.1(a), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe
File: B31-94-028
Question: In accor.dance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, may the minimum pipe wall thickness
determined by measurement be used to satisfy the requirements of para,. 304.1.1(a)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. A328.5.4, Heat Fusion Joints in Thermoplastic
Piping
File: B31-94-029
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. A328.5.4, apply to electrofusion bonding of
polyolefin pipe and fittings?
Reply: No. Eleetrofusion joints are not listed; see para. A304.7.2.
153
13·09, 13·10 B31.3 Interpretations No. 13
Subject: ASME B31.3-1987 Edition, Appendix X, Para. X3.2.2, Metallic Bellows Expansion
Joints
File: B31-94-031
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1987 Edition, para. X3.2.2, is it required to
examine inaccessible surfaces of the bellows longitudinal seam weld after forming using liquid pen-
etrant?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Is a dye penetrant leak test (putting dye penetrant on :the inside surface and
developer on the weld outside surface) an acceptable alternative to liquid p~netrant examination of
the inside surface of bellows longitudinal seam welds?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Are the rules in ASME Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 26, applicable to
bellows in ASME B31.3 piping systems?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Certification of a Listed Material to Another Listed

Material Specification.
File: B31-94·034
Question: Is it permissible under the requirements of ASME B31.3-1993 Edition for an orga-
nization to recertify a listed material to another listed material specification?
Reply: B31.3 does not establish rules for materials certification other than the requirements of
the materials specifications.
154
B31.3 Interpretations No. 13 13-11, 13.12, 13-13
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections
File: B31-94-037
throat thickness required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch 'connection fitting?
para. 304.7.2 or MSS SP-94, and para. 328.5.4(d).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Para. 341.3.4(e), Progressiv~ Examination
File: B31-94-039
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 341.3.4(e), what is the meaning
of the phrase "all items represented by the progressive examinations."?
Reply: All items withia- the same designated lot. See para. 344.1.3 Definitions, random exami·
nations.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 345.4.2(a), Hydrostatic Test Requirements
File: B31-94-040
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, permit a hydrostatic test pressure less
than 1.5 times design pressure?
Reply: No, unless para. 345.4.2(c) or 345.4.3(b) applies.
155
Interpretation: 13·14 ~,"

\:1 ....
...•
"'., ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 319.4.1, Flexibility Analysis
File: B31-94-041
Question: In accordance with para. 319.4.1, how many years of operatio~ or number of operating
cycles are required to quil1ify a piping system as having a succ~ssful servic~ record?
Reply: Such determination is the responsibility of the designer. See para. 300(b)(2).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5, Design Pressure
File: B31-94-042
Question: When a valve isolates two process streams so that one condition on one side of the
valve occurs at the same time as another condition occurs on the other side of the valve, are the
requirements of paras. 301.2.1 and 302.2.5 met if the pressure design is based on the most severe
conditions of coincident pressure and component temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing
File: B31-94-o59
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, if a weld has not
penetrated to the inside comer of the root face on one side of the joint and the remainder of the
weld is sound, does ASME B31.3 classify this defect as lack of fusion?
Reply (1): No, refer to Fig. 341.3.2 sketch (c).
Question (2): Can lack of fusion occur at the root of a groove weld joint?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Is 1.5 in. of incomplete penetration in any 6 in. weld length for girth and miter
groove welds acceptable for normal fluid service?
Reply (3): Yes, per acceptance criteria listed in Table 341.3.2A.

156
ASME B31.3
General Information
of the update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological order.
Addenda.
(: .<. editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity.. In some instances, a review of the
1.:,"\"
.... ..
" ~
interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply bearing
the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional ihfor-
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved
Appendix Z.
Code Reference and Subject Indexe.

by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume 1 up to
IS7
831.3
Fig. 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials . 14-08 B31·9S-010
Maximum Allowable External Loads . 14-06 B31·9S.Q07
Para. 300.2 Definitions . 14-03 B31·9S.Q02
Para. 302.2.4. Design Criteria Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations, and Para.
322.6.3(c). Pressure Relieving Devices , . 14-09 B31·9S-012
Para. 304.3.3 Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections .......•...................... 14-10 B31-9S-014
Para. 328.2 Welding Qualifications . 14-13 B31-9S-02S
Para. 328.2.2(g). Procedure Qualification by Others . 14-0S B31·9S.QOS
Para. 328.4.3. Preparation for Welding Alignment - , 14-04 B31·9S.Q03
Para. 331.1.3(b) and Table 331.1.1. Heat Treatment Requirements . 14-01 B31-94-064
Para. 341.3.3 Defective Components and Workmanship . 14-14 B31·9S.Q32
Para. A304.1.1 (a). Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Piping Components . 14-17 B31·9S-037
Para. A304.I.l (a). Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Piping Components . 14-18 B31·9S-038
Para. K304.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure . .14-11 B31·9S-016
Table 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials . 14-12 B31·9S-018
Table 331.1.1. Postweld Heat Treatment . 14-16 B31·9S-036
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-02 B31-9S.QO1
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-07 B31·9S.Q09
Table 341.3.2A Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 14-lS B31·9S-034
159
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3(b), and Table 331.1.1, Heat Treatment
Requirements
File: B31·94-064
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3·1993 Edition, Addenda b, does the portion of para.
331.1.3(b) which states "the thickness through the weld in any plane" refer to the weld thickness?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does the minimum
material thickness stated in para. 331.1.3(b) refer to the requirements of Table 331.1.1?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, can the BHN (Brinell
Hardness Number) equivalent of tensile strength of material before PWHT be considered a minimum
value?
Reply (3): The Code does not address BHN equivalent of tensile strength or minimum BHN.
161
14-02 831.3 Interpretations No. 14
Date Issued: June 2-2, 1995
File: B31-95-QOI
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, what does the notation
"NA" for concave root surfaces for fillet welds in Table 341.3.2A mean?
Reply (I): This indicates that there is no acceptance criterion.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does internal protrusion
or suck up apply to fillet welds?
Reply (2): No; see Note (8) in Table 341.3.2A.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, address the acceptance criteria for root
surface concavity of fillet welds?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, does melt-through ofa
pressure boundary with a fillet weld constitute a violation of the Code?
162
,
\.-: .....
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 300.2 Definitions
Date Issued: JUIl:e 22, 1995
File: B31-95-OQ2
,
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, para. 300.2, is weld
considered to be a piping component?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, specifically address the areas of general
workmanship regarding squareness, levelness, and plumbness?
Reply (2): No; except as provided for in para. 335.1.
Question (3): In accordance with B31.3-1993 Edition, Add~nda b, if there are additional require-
ments specified in the engineering design, does the Code require the manufacturer, fabricator, and erector
to adhere to those requirements?
Reply (3): Yes, see paras. 300(b)(3) and 300(c)(5).
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, have requirements for the minimum
lengths of pipe sections between welds?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.4.3, Preparation for Welding Alignment
File: B31-95-OQ3
Question: In accordanee with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, how much angular deflection
can a section of piping contain after a circumferential butt weld is made?
Reply: The angular deflection shall not exceed what is permissible by para. 335.1, provided the
requirements of para. 304.2.3 are met.
163
14-06. 14-08. 14-07 831.3 Interpretations No. 14
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.2.2(g), Procedure Qualification by Others
File: B31-95-OO5
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, is the use of AWS E-6013
welding electrode permissible under the provisions of para 328.2.27
Reply: No; however, this welding material may be used if the provisions of paras. 328.1 and 328.2.1
are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Maximum Allowable External Loads
File: B31-95-OO7
Question (I): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, provide design rules for establishing
the magnitude of the maximum allowable external loads on flanged joints?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3·1993 Edition, Addenda b, allow the use of other design methods,
such as contained in ASME B31.1 or ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III for establiShing
the maximum allowable external loads for ftanged joints, considering the application and the appropriate
allowable stress basis?
Reply (2): Yes. The designer is responsible for the design approach used.
File: B31-9S-009
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda a, require the acceptance criteria of Table
341.3.2A for lack of fusion and/or incomplete penetration be applied to internal undercut?
Reply: No.
.. .
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~"
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164
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda. Fig. 323.2.2 Minimum Temperatures Without

File: B31-95-o10
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, if ASTM A 234, Grade WPB
fittings are norm~ized or stress relieved or ASTM A 106, Grade B pipe is normalized, may they be used
at temperatures below Curve B, Fig. 323.2.2 without impact testing?
Reply: No. The requirements of box B-3, Table 323.2.2 apply.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para 302.2.4, Design -Criteria Allowances for Pressure
and Temperature Variations; and Para. 322.6.3(c), Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-95-o12
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, are the provisions of para. 302.2.4
(:' applicable for the initial design of piping systems?
,
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para 322.6.3(c), when a pr.essure
relieving device is set above the design pressure, what requirements limit the maximum allowance
relieving pressure?
Reply (2): The greater of the pressure requirements of Section VIII, Division I. Or para. 302.2.4
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 304.3.3 Reinforcement of Welded Branch

Connections
File: B31-95-o14
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, para. 304.3.3, is it permissible to multiply
the required area replacement in Eq. (6) by the factor F from the ASME Section VIII, Division 1,1992,
Fig. UG-371
Reply: No. See 304.3.3(t)(1).
16S
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda, Para. K304.1.2 Straight Pipe Under Internal
Pressure
File: B31·95-016
Question: May Eq. (35a) in para. K304.1.2 of ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda be modified to take
into account external and internal mechanical (thread or groove depth), corrosion, and erosion allow-
ances separately?
Reply: No. See para. K304.1.1(b) for the definition of c.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperatures Without

File: B31-95-018
fittings manufactured from A 312 welded TP304 pipe without use if weld metal deposits and used at
design temperatures of -425"F or a b o v e . '
r::•
~
.
Reply: No. See Table 323.2.2, Column A.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 328.2 Welding Qualifications
File: B31-95-025
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, when a proprietary
integrally reinforced branch connection fitting is welded to the outside of run pipe, is the weld classified
as a single vee full penetration butt weld with a cover fillet weld?
Reply (1): No, see para. 328.5.4(d).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, what pipe diameter would
be used for the WPS, PQR, and WQR for NPS Ih and NPS 3/.4 proprietary integrally reinforced branch
connection fittings?
Reply (2): AU welding qualifications shall be in accordance with para. 328.2.
166
831.3 Interpretations No. 14 14-14.14-15.14-16
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1994 Addenda, Para. 341.3.3 Defective Components and

Workmanship
File: B31-95-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, if a welder's welds which are
rejected are completely cut out and the joints are welded by a new welder, does para. 341.3.3 require
these new welds to be examined?
Reply: Yes.
File: B31-95-034
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Addenda b, when 100% radiographic
.~- .. examination and no further acceptance criteria are specified, is it required that the acceptance criteria
( for severe cyclic conditions as noted in Table 341.3.2A be applied to the examination?
\~. ~~:' .".'
Reply: No, see para. 341.3.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment
File: . B31-95-036.. -
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, does A 335 PS (S Cr, V2Mo) pipe require
PWHT after welding?
Reply: Yes, per Table 331.1.1.
167
r.:. :'"
\:>..
Subject: ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, Para. A304.1.1 (a), Pressure Design of Nonmetallic
Piping Components
File: B3l-95-037
Question: According to ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, do the requirements of para. A304.1.1 apply
to the reduced sections of RTR pipe outside the socket of a socket joint?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l993 Edition, Para A304.1.1 (a), Pressure Design of Nonmetallic
Piping Components .
File: B3l-95-038
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, can the minimum thickness ofRTR and RPM
pipe be calculated using ASTM D 2992 procedure B HOS with a service factor of 0.5 (static HDBS)?
Reply: Yes, refer to A302.3.2(c)(2).
168
,-:,.-;.' " .... '
ASME B31.3
General Information
ofthe update service to the Code. The interpretations have been assigned numbers in chronological order.
Addenda. .
~. , ,j editorial cOrrections made for the'purpose of improved clarity. ,In some instances; a'Teviewof the
'd interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases, a revised reply bearing
the original interpretation number with the suffix R is p r e s e n t e d . " ;
mation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Fw:ther, persons aggrieved .
Statement ofPolicy iIi the Code documentS;ASME does not ~'approve," "certify,";~.·rate,'~;.()r~:endorse'~~~.:,:·
any item,'Construction, .proprietary device, 9"
activity. . ~;,y:< ,:.,~);;~: .."~~>.:'~,':. ?:;:··,~~'·r-~~t~0>:}:':;:-y}f}:> ,:.'.: ''',
/<..
For detailed instructions onpreparation of technic31 inquiries 'to 'the B31 a;mmittee;~'refer t():'.-·
Appendix Z.·. .

by location or by subject matter iIi the Code. They cover iIiterpretations issued from Volume. 1 up to
and iIicluding the present volume, and will be updated with, ~h volume.
169
.. ,' ..\ ... '
~ , """'-.
831.3
Fig. 328.S.2B Sketch (3), Socket Welding Flange . IS-08 B31-96-009

Hardness Testing : . IS-20 B31-96-039
Metallic Valves Lined with a Nonmetal . 15-26 B31-96-049
Para. 300.1.3, Scope; Exclusions : . IS-Q9 B31-96-01O
Para. 302.3.S, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and Displacement Strains . 15-IS B31-96-o20
Para. 304.1, Pressure Design of Components; Straight Pipe ' . IS-1O B31-96-o11
Para. 304.1.1. Pressure Design of Components; Straight Pipe . IS-Q6 B31-96-OO7
Para. 304.2. Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe ......................•...........•... IS-14 B31-96-018
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . IS-oS B31-9S-052
Para. 319.3.I(b), Thermal Expansion Data . IS-24 B31-96-045
Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials , '" . 15-04 B31-9S-048
Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . 15-12 B31-96-oIS,
B31-96-016
. Para. 323.2.2. Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . IS-2S B31-96-047
Para. 323.4, Fluid Service Requirements for Materials .....•...•..............•.......... IS-03 B31-9S-046
Para. 328.2.3, Performance Qualification by Others .......................•............. IS-19 B31-96-037
f Para. 331.1.3(b), Heat Treatment Requirements . IS-18 B31-96-o36
~ :;'".J_ ;; *'''''PanL" 332.4.2(a),·Cold Bending and Forming ~' '.. :::..' •.. : •...... :. : . .. ·IS-17-·;· B31-96-034
.'\..::.7 Para. 33S.1.1(c), Alignment; Flanged Joints ...•....••....•....•.....••.••.•..• ; .•..•... IS-07 B31-96-008
. Para. 341. Examination .'.;.• :~ •••... ;'; '.; ••••••••••• '.••••••.•••••••••. 15-13 B31-96-017
Para. 342 and Para. 344.2, Examination •.....................• : •.....•.•..•••......•.. IS-21 B31-9~1
Para. 34S.9.1(a), Examination of Welds _•....... IS-02'B31-9S-045
Para. X302.2.3. Leak Test •••......•••••••.•••...........•.••..•.•..•.•.••.•..•...... IS-22 ·B31-96-043
. Table A-I, Allowable Stresses •••.•••.••.•••.•.••••.•••.•..•••••..•.•••.•..•.••...... IS-QI B31-9S-044
.-~ :~. ·'._,YY~_ ':·~~'.:i:~.~t'·Table. 323.2..2, .~i~um ,TCD1~tures Without, Im~t. Testing for Carbon Steel Mat~ ..
" I IS·11 , . > , B31-96-014
.;,~r.·:;i.{~:f~,~t~jS1Table323.2.2; Minimum Temperatures Without ImpaCt Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
;:::";.'~".;~;;;,~';';Table 323,J.I.lmpactTesting Requirements for Metals .: ::: .;~.;'...... : ••••• :.; ••. : •• ~ •••••
•
:~:~~':~'};~,g'~ . /;~.::; :~;~ .,.; .,;~" ,
'. , f
'
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171
, ./ ' • '"'' .,'.~,> ,.,. ,- ,:../ .._."., ..
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<, B31 ,3 Interpretations No.,.15. '., .... '

.~
15-01. 15-02
b.". ;~~ ",',,:" "~," '-':I~,~~~.~t.... ;,,,.·~'.'~':f'·~·~"~~";' ~" '1'J._,,,~.~,'~~~',,..:.::,,., .•, ,.~;o;.,.:&.:~.,-,~~-~•. L ':"";~';"-~.',~ "'~: ·.,col~
. ' "Interpretation:'15-O1,:, < , '. : : ' ':~~::'<." :~',::i:"'_' ,
'J'.';'."
/
," ,<. ..",,' ., ....,......':". ' . "'''{'''·~~·.'ITiIr,''';1'.:'''''''~':''''''':·-,""":; ,~"'-."
~-,: . . ",.. ;\,~:: . . ·~~·p,..":,,,,,·,.·~t·~."~:";·;·>·:·i~i''''
."Subject:;'~~~:;;~rAsMEB31.3c-199S:Addei1da;'Table A-kAllowable Stresses

"
.",
:"',h .,
. .- .'...
::. "".' ,'~: '~';' Datt;Issued: •',~,:,May }l;.l ~?6:,~~r:;.::':':::::~;~:::7:"ZC,'':,~' "~:"
,'". ~""'. ~~
,C~ '~·.,;o.·~·:,>1·~~~!.A~·.\':i~,C{"'/,;"'·,·i.'''':loj>1:'';''~:;~~''I·''.iJtr·',;~ ...

...._~:,:1 ~:{';:'::~'';(~~(\~>~~ .~~~~~'t.~~i,:~~,:~."':'t·U(':~"·'
File: B31-95-044
QUeStion(I):'Are the materiat requirements of ASME SA-106 the same as ASTM A 106?
Reply (2): Yes. ,
Question (2): When doing an ASME B31.3 system stress evaluation, what allowable stresses are used
for ASTM A 106 or ASME SA-106?
Reply (2): Those listed in ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table A-I for ASTM A 106.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1(a), Examination of Welds
File: B31-95-Q45
", , ' ' ' t ;.~.',<,;<'t".'~"<"'>:"': Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, is it permissible to perform magnetic
\.:,,) particle examination of a circumferential weld in lieu of radiogtaphy as specified in para. 345.9.1(a)1
. .. .,', . .'. '~'/-:'~ ~:;",~,.'.:>.' , . - ;.
Reply: No.
, •• " 1 < ~. .' ;_":,)P.::";:
''''',-:.,lo-.', .•. ,::
173
,:, ..
.,' .... <. • ' ~""'.~ .,~ .......,...."'.. ~ '," ,,;} ·~- ..... i '·.'--1,'; ·v",>. '-. "
15-03. 15-04
".,"',"lnterpiet~ti~~~;1"5:03~"::'~~~-;"'7~:;:;':;,;::-~:~~;;~~:',;~~~~~i*;,:~?~::~~::~~~~~~~:::~:~~~:~~~?"~:~~;:'~:f,;~~':~:':~'''';~~':;'
~ . ....; .. , ti-·; .., .. ,/'r __ .'··'''.,~~'--:J¥,··~ ·~,,·.:'-l "\,' . ~ . ~,·.l;'-.·~·'··~.7'·.'·.~, . -::~ .'." ~'j ...-- .. ,l:-'~ --'.,1'1. 1.'';'''';':-'. ".,.
. -, ,.,::~.: ~:, ~~':7~~:,~t:;'C"J'~"~ ~,,' ~. '~. . :'1 <~:'?"" .:..:. ~'; -::';; i7··· '.:~' '~i,~"~",' !::~ ~-~t~' ~:~.-:,,:_ . ~~:.-'~- :'.:~~::~; :~(~:~~ ~~~;~~~~,;~;,~~.::;,:,~~~,'~_~.
:,,~,',~ '.. ~,,; .,;--~~.~ ~., ,~,;.: ',' ~'i~.~·'~"~l.·~~:'~t~~:<;I'-'~"~:r""'~~~:..- .l.:,•. ..; ..
SUbject: >");·:~,,t.~~;'(.::"\SldE, B31.3c-199S.Adden~p'ara. ~323.4, . Flwd Semce Requirements for,,,,,~....:i..·"~" ,,-,~~ ".,.,. \.'
,;-_ .•.. .- ,-'l,' _~~,,"",ll.ht,," Materials ~, ....""~.~ . ,, :~"':~,-.;t"",-.<,,,,.,_,~,.~·''f::7lf\'·' ~"~'i",.".~-::t~~·N:'"t~,"~::".P"'-~:.,~~:,~:.~~ '~L~.V,\ ,~".,*"·· ~l~~"l~oC""'!',~,r,."" ..",,~:,~~1'
__ ~".~'."",' ~(,~': ~',"-.,'C.'-',
"." •• •
. • "'f';<:';01,'"""'" ',~""".,!\.,,,, Date Issued: #~tt,Jvfay .21, ;1996~""')'i';~"'Ji~;JF"r;t....,,\\e''1~it>;{'~~~''''''Ji'l.'!'\'*·''~1't,.,..~w<.~,,:,""' .... "'H;r;,.·,' ,"':" ~7'''''~';:''''\'''''" . ,'.
File: B31-9S-046 \.~~ ' ..-~ .. : ..

"
Question (1): Does the ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda'permit the use of gray cast iron at tempera-
tures down to .:....150~ ,'" '
Reply (I): Yes, however, see para. 323.4.2(b) and F323.4(a).
Question (2): For temperatures below - 2<rF, are there any special toughness test requirements for
. gray cast iron? '
Reply (2): No.. See Table 323.2.2, Box B-1.
Question (3): For any temperatures below -20"F, are the allowable stresses at -20"F applicable?
Reply (3): Yes.
.r .-'
.,~'- .••
May21~ 1996
I ,"
Date Issued:
File: , B31·9S-048
(, •. - -"";'." ":' ',' ....) '"';:~'~ "."_. ..."!-
Question (2):'CaJi API SL X6S pipe beqUaIifiedfor applications above operating temperatures of
lOO"F under para. 323.2.3 for Normal Fluid Service? " .
174
.1.
·-.,!.....
831.3 Interpretations No. 15 .~< .15-05•.15-06. 15-07

" _ ... -- .. ,., . ,"". ','~
, ·':'··i':'':: ·'W.,.«if.,~,;,Or$-" '.' '~.',,";"',:.- ~ , ,"". ,. "...."._ •.: .f. -, ......
..
-,··..r~;,"t:-~~'·_,.,....;·~···.,.": .'~ :.
.·Subjectt~·'· ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda,' Parae·304.3.3, .Reinforcement /of Welded Branch ".;..,'".",....'.,•• ~.j. • . • ,.
Connections ""," "' •., """'" ( ..

~... . ~ -. ',. .<:' :,~. "", ·'"''':-:·'-'''-i;~''_:,:~.~ ;~~~~"?~~~-.~~,~~~~~r:.\'~:,~··:~',. ~~.~,~,~".: ;;.~, ..
•. ~.. • • • • .\, ". I ;...... ./
". Date Issued: ,"". May 21, 1996 ,,.. '. . ""'"'' · ·"., ..·:··c ••.••,·,··.,·.· •.•,;" ,."., . .'i';;,;..j.;: ""'~".'''':'' , •.••• ,..,:, '-.,"' ..
File: B31-95-052 ,.
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.3.3, is it permissible to
multiply the require<:!- area replacement in Eq. (6) by factor F from ASME Section VIII, Division I, 1995
Edition, Fig. UG-37? The nozzle is welded on a cylindrical header as per Fig. UW-16.1 sketch (a).
Reply: No, except as provided in para. 300(c)(3) considering the design conditions of para. 301 and
design criteria of para. 302.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Design of Components;

Straight Pipe
File: B31-96-OO7
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.1.1, shall the quality factor" '.'
E also include ligament efficienc~;, . ...
Reply: No; see para. 304.3 for the reinforcement of mult~p!e openings.
'n~;'~5:;~1;1~~:J~~i1fc?~tt;~~ij~t~~;~~~t:"i,~~i~~~~"~:1iJicf~!;~'A:iEI;!;';,
Subject: .~. ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 335.1.1(c), Alignment; Flanged Joints' ' . ,
?".~~ ".~-: '.::,.,;':.-!~~>:;-<:~~ ,:-.;~.~;;~"~~(;~ ~ ......~"~ ,~:" :~lt~; *. '- ,: 'tI~~'~" ~::; ::-f-~~~:~'i\~~17~·~~~·t~~·<~~~\.1 : ~~.~; J~ ~:~".i~:J;Y}:~:'0;:'~1~~~~' ~. .~.,;fiy;;·~·,,,';7/:-'1>i_~;"\~;,~~'
Date Issued: . ,May 21, 1996
.-'; .:.,.>.. ;.
File: ~"" .. '.... B31-96-OO8 ~'# "~"':".-; .-', ~.
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 335.1.1(c), prior'to bolting up
····a flanged joint,inay the flange faces be out of alignment from' the design plane by moreth8n V16in./ft •.. ;:.::- ','
(0,5%),. provided the misalignment is considered in the design of the flanged' asseml>ly and attached
piping in accordance with para. 300(c)(3)?' " .
.,.:", ...
':'-:.-"':<-.
175
831.3
,...,...,;-"'.
Interpretations
,- . No. .15
"':;" ,;,. '.~"'"
'::~~,~lnterpret8tion:'15"..o8 ", ,', '..' .~,,,, .. ,,. ~"~' .-~_"

..... ,~ ..~,
<,.' _ ' " • ",.,'
.~. .' ..• ' < . 1. "

. ~" ._'',;~
,
...,.....,..~'~
4 •
... ... ..:". . } ,~.~ ,:,. '*",i'~'" " . ~,C,. __ .' ,;;. . _",1".;" ~".':" .11\." ",,' •. ~ ;'.': ~,'"r" • .... ;.'. '.' ',., ';0, ~_..,.;.~,' .;>"t.,• •• " • .-'-', ~'•• ~,' " , . .. ·,<;·.~ ...;...-.I\'''':;,~~i .• ·'~U ;:"~;'i'f'''''~:''<ll~,r:"~·~:::-~,,
;: .",',.,'~"
-~;".~Ubjf:ct:;;:',:';::::~',::,~~~B31.3c,,:1~9~,1\~denWl,.Fig. }28.~.2B Sketch (3)!:,~ket:We1ding ~nge':~;;;':~;;'~~;"'T':h,,!;;~f?; .-
~;-, '., .,~. ""I ,'ilf'I'.,ti<" "~:,·"".~·;1~-I:"- _~.- -,--.". ,.•;,;, , •• '., /. ".,...., -:.•..,'.,.., ..•....•.. - •. ' '!~.~';" ~ ~ .....,.'.~ ;-"~"""'.'~~f<If(."~,".'J
_ ,""". ';"'.",';' .~:"I" .,.~,-- ... • .. ·."':-'..... ~,..",""""_I';<o .... :J;t'".~f;".~'......'...":1'1'·.. '-_·t·,',/f'
, ,.~., Date Issued::~~,I.May 21, 1996,~,,~.,,·"',··_ ..,,· .",,, """~'" .'" !,,~H~'.....-"'i>!':'~f.:":'t"~'.;~:;~~~,· .
"~ ,~'I";.;' ..• .., ' ..: ..':1'. ":" '<-1:"_.; < •• ,,,;,~~,:,!l' ".'~ ,~.' • .!~'. ""'~ ·"f,"':i;:;' ~/,,,-';,j~;,*:!;·;.lr:i.~'~~,,..;..~r
...'"~:oo;'~ .<.,",,<~
:fl;·/;.F;'..~: :',: .~. '".\f('~~,~,~.f:;,~';·~: ~": ;,r,:j.Ji;3~~~.~;'''Prl.I:"'j!;:''liIr'.:-jJa'!;,;,t{;:.~~,~,;;;~\:,-j~~~,~.("~;,,",,,~;;v.j'-o; <•• ~'".~,~;,1:;~~!i';' '- t- ...A;... "~~~-"~.l;;t",f:.~_~~lllf.o~"t:~~,,,"~-¢~~t~S«'-"~'#4-?~,~';,~"',~:;~·
.""i~i '
File: B31-96-oo9
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, may the fillet weld shown in Fig.
328.5.2B Sketch (3) (socket welding flange) be repositioned to the inside of the pipe?
Reply: No, unless qualified under para. 304.7.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 300.1.3, Scope; Exclusions
File: B31-96..QI0
Question: Does ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda apply to internal fuel gas manifolds installed in a fired
heater?
Reply: No, see paras. 3oo.1.3(c) and (d).

~~ .
.~. ' I
''-..
. Interpretation: 15-1 0
Subject:.... "ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.1, Pressure Design of-Components;-,. ,>~/,
,--.': .... '.', ..
Question:'Ma';'ihe i~~emal pressure design thickness ~ ~ comp~t~ iri"~~o~cbri~'~~h the p;~~~'c,;

sions of ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda,' paras; 304.1.1 and 304.1.2 when 'tis greater thari'orequal to"
D/6 and P/SE > 0.385? .,
.". '( . !-(,~'~.,~/~ ·:~;:Jitj,~~~~~:~'~'/L,. >:;;·,j·; ~':«' ~~,'- .'. >, ' ~." ,- '.
" . ,'Reply: Yes. However, it is the responsibility of the designer to providethespecialConsideratioii,>j":,":'~::

required in para.304.1.2(b). Alternatively, as an option to the owner, the design maybe in accordance ,.
with Chapter IX. ' . ". "
176
.. ';," .
. 831.3 Interpretations No. 15 15·11, .15-.12 .;.:,..,

'. .' .. ........
~ ~.. ~. '~. . .. , ....
' ..,.. ' .....; ...
."U J •.••• _,,~
" . Interpretation: 15-11
,Subject: .',' .. ASME B31 :3~;' i 995Add~nda: Table 323.2.2, Min'imum Temperature Wi;h1ti~-d;':::.;~~~'i;~fi;:·:Ea'· .
"'~'..J':;;";'. '\'~~ •• ~. ,:...~,:-........ .t.;;:.- ..-\; "'''I''~,''':~''''~:.~:;,~
May '21, ·1996·.~~ ..~;:;:'~--",~ > - ,h::;';·:.'" "';.': '~~'. '.~-\.~-j~ >,;;,: ~''::~ "~'~"""~1'; .
File: B31-96-014
Question (1): Does the assigned curve in the second sentence of Box B-3, Table 323.2.2, ASME
B31.3c-1995 Adden~a refer to the curve assignment from Table A-I?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the material has been heat treated per Note (2) or (3), Fig. 323.2.2, is further heat
treatment or impact testing of the base metal required for use below the original assigned curve, but above
the reassigned curve?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed
Materials
. Date Issued: May 21, 1996 ,'.' .,< .
File: ,', .' B31-96-015, B31-96-016
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-199S Addenda, when making blind flanges of ..
carbon steel plate materials which have a Fig. 323.2.2 Curve assignment in Table A-I, is the thickness:;,':; <.,>..
, .' . of the finished blind considered the nominal thickness when using Fig. 323.2.2 to establish_tlie~eedJor··'r;'~~"'~.:t~~::.'r\
. . .,,'~',:.;,".;Dn~~;;i~:~;'':;;,:~~~t:;;',c:~:):~;,;;t'~;~:~rf~~),';~~1!!~~:~~4~'~~;:
Question (2): For carbon steel materials with a letter designation in the Min. Temp. column ofTable
A-I, can flanges manufactured in accordance with ASME B16.5 be used at temPeratures down to -10°F
without impact testing regardless of thickness?
. .
;Reply (2): No, the requirements of para. 323.2.2 apply:
.... ""' ..:
177
, ' .. ." '
, Intetp;etation~'15-~ 13
./""'"
,
SUbj~;;;:'~'<;';~';2;ASME'B3C3c~1995 Addenda, Pa~. 341,.. Examination
¢..
Date Issued:"""May 21; 1996 .." ..~~.~.

",'" '::', , i'~·~.i"- .~ ."...:..... ,~.. ;
; - ..
..,- '~.-:;\'[.
File: B31-96-017
Question: If a fabricated valve meets all the requirements of ASME B16'.34, does ASME B31.3c-
1995 Addenda require that nondestructive examination in'accordance with ASME B31.3 also be per-
formed on the valve? .
Reply: No, see also Interpretation 12-12.
Subject: . ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 304.2, Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
File: B31-96-018
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, para. 304.2.1, can the minimum
required thickness t m of a bend; after bending, be determined by taking in consideration of lower .
(pressure) stresses on the outside of a bend (and higher pressure stresses on the inside of the bend) than
..,-: ..' on a straight pipe with identical wall thickness? - IV"~'" . ·;Jr·'>~j.-.,;~,~, ......!;";_.:~t.~,,;'"~ •.. ,,-:-,~·:,-~ •.• ,
~.-/ ..... -
. Reply (l):No, except asprovided in para. 300(c)(3)~ .,
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, 'Chapter IX (High Pressure Pipit,g),
can the minimum required thickness tmof a bend, after bending, be determined by ·taking into considera-
. j , ' . '...., ,; ->,:c,._ tionlower~tresses onthe outside of a, bend (and higher stresses on the inside of the bend) than on a~~;.:,· ,i,.:.,<,-'
0'i'~,:r:c;{:"straight:P!t:~blden~Wall'~~r~~i';J·J.t~f~·[~rf(i~'!:l~~*}'~;j~ti~~~,
. . '.~ '. ... "·!il!~~~r~;
' . ,.. Reply (2):. No, except as provided in par~300(c)(3).. "<' •.•. ; ,;C,",../.,;" ........•.. ,.~.~~~<1.~.¥:t),.;;,.,:...";.: .• ':~·: .. , .•. '~.~,' ,
·"1.·.·.,;. ":_"'_'-"_'~"';'" _ ," .• >-: r. o, , ." ,."--"\';,' 'j,"',. !,',' _"': .
";-.",\" -.-.,:... ~'•. ,' ~... ~·t,,;':'·/"_1~~:¢~l,!~:~,:j:~~:::.r-:~tr~~Yf"'~:,%\~~· ;-'-~~f:.'·::'·'~::i,,-;;>,;r;-;.:~~~·~;?,~~·; .-/.~~. ~<-::~:J:2:~~:.~t'!'s-::-·~,';/::}> '·';:~;:.-·t'· . :_: i:~;
',""fl/j • • . •
178
. :--- f:'r,<·· . '.:',';
.•... '••, , ",,~ :,;. ," ;.".,__ •.." __ .' "~-' ',' • ,"" , "4 ' .,,'C' ·.r--;;,' .
,.831.3 .Interpretations No.).5 . ' 1 5·1 5. 15-16

'\- ::..' , .' . '.~,. t ~ ..
Interpretation:'15·15
, ,~. '...,'. ,: ..",..Ii -.:, "
'ASME B31.3c~I~95 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5, Limits of Calculated Stresses due to

;-., .-,-'. Sustained Loads and Displacement Strains
File: B31-96-020
Question (1): What is the definition of sustaineti loadings as intended in ASME B31.3c-1995
Addenda, para. 302:3.5(c)?
Reply (1): The Code does not offer for sustained loadings other than in the referenced. paragraph.
Sustained loads do not typically include forces resulting from applied displacements such as restrained
thermal growth. See para. 319.2.3.
Question (2): When flanges are subjected to external forces and moments, is it permissible to
calculate the stresses in the flange due to these forces and moments using BPV Code, Section VIII,
Division 1, Appendix 2, and using the equivalent pressure calculated from these forces and moments?
Reply (2): The Code does not provide specific design formulas for the design of flange joints
subjected to applied external forces and moments except as provided in para. 300(c)(3). However,
external forces and moments shall be considered in design. See paras. 319.1.1 and 321.1.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperature Without

'''File: '''''.''';;';'';'''.'' B31-96-021 ..:> . . . . . . . . . '.,' ',' ·c'.·.· ,.,. "..• """.,,.,.~ ..;-, '~"
,~> .' .,>,;;,;,:.:,;:~,~~. ~:t,~'( ,'. ,.' ." .:'<:} ·'Y:~;'./\:,.l,:< .. ', >:" .··"~·:#i{(,.-f·~'2';!';;;~.:;;;·~:{{:.9i.':i:J:;;·~,~~';";!:·;·~;;~;\:.%:.:,:.,,: ',"
'.('<. Question(I):DoeSth~ assigned curve"in the second sentence ~f Bo~ B-3': T~ble 323:'i.2, ASME'··~:;.'i' .' ..
."..... B31.3c-1995
. -;'.-, -.,
Addenda refer to the .curve
--".',; '.' .•.-:-.,.. , '.- ::', ".:' ;.,'.
"~')'.<';:' -' .,
assignment" from
.
Table
.
A-I?
....., .- .'.: ....::.
,) .": '-'::
'. ;'. ....
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If the material has been heat treated per Notes (2) or (3), Fig. 323.2.2, is further heat
)
treatment or impact testing of the base metal required for use below theoriginal assigned curve, but above
the reassigned curve? . >
Reply (2): No.
179
........... ~~: '~~':"''''''~''4'f.~'''',''. .'. ..r ','" .... ~ _ •••.,:... "... I,Ji'.. '~"~ioJ;~I ... '. "':"".~ '••• _'~:'J, •..__ • _',.~ ~.~ -",~".';
·<·('-:;.}.~:.'J'1'.;':"
15·17,15·18
''''' •. ,~
..':.•;""\-,, n·· ~< ....<•• '~~',;
.831.3 Interpretations No. 15
._::i,,'.,-~:~;:~·~~,~,).-,~~.'~~'l' ", ~ ;--i.," <'~~,.;".~!"~;~.~",~~~:.:~~".--::~,.~ .. ",~,,,,;~ '.,.:,;J,..~':'''''~'''''' '.•"" .,,,...... ,
." ", ":',,::. '.' Interpretation: 15·17 ,',
. . . , - " . ;......;":;;:.;~ .. :':) . J ." :
; ,_...... ,'~~~"l·,~~ ...'. ..,':'tI·•.~,:":::~i.J',-.;'..l~,.<..:.' ..A!'l:~.•.~'.'''~i...''':.-~N ~.,..:~ . . "m;.o::...:..,·'··· ,)'..
.~t. •. ~, ,. .~ :'. ~"'''':':" ;; ,,,~,,,,:,~,:, ~. ,.;.-.'.;',,,: .; ::.~.. ,<,I . ~>. "".'".;",-;, '", ~~"">i'" :''''~.. . .. . ..... '. "':.'" I. J .....
':i;;:,~ltt~t~·~7ci~;:~;:~:,.Su~ject~,:;;~~;;:'ft!,-Sl\ffiB31.3~
19~Edition, Para: 332.4.2(a), Cold Bending and Fonning ~~::~:
~,,' ._~" .... :."",~." "4:~',~jif.· ..,:·:~ "'-"-:!'-Ilo."'''',Vf'\''I'!,o'.~''~:o('I':lt,:-~''''',.;:r;.,:'.'~'~'' "':'i'.,~,~;.~._'.' .. r.··.· ,•. ,', - .'~
c.- J';",~ . •, :,.... .-' .•. --';' "'~,'" ' •• 'Vo'·C'," ':__ :'. '" '~t.""~', .•. '''':'' . ,~T· ' __~'" ,~ .." . . ..- ....."'.; • """,' ~~ .'" -' • •
... '';''.'' ', ''''r,'' ::"

·,·.~·~,;,.,·:··,· .. ~,·~·~.:r·:;!:Date Issued: ~::"""October 30, 1996 : ~- ,~ !'!.'., '•.• _0'., •.•'.'-, , .
I .<~'-4.,:~... i,oO!;.. :..;.'";'t";.::~rt~A:1~-l.,J;·,ij-:.-~'

...... ';"!'" '1O.... ;'#,"'..~....~"l'..~.)".....' .. ,.',,~'," •., " • ",'.'!.'" -
~,.,~'6"-:";<,__,.':~:(~~~.jt[,';.;:i11~:: .......~,:jo.rtJ\1\"t·~GiL~'!-~~tt;l" .. ~~~1·lJ.' ..~'.','~~.'.:'.~,','~.,.',"':, ..... -,;·,,:;-·;,;:,~<,<,·tJ,
File: B31-96-034
. I
"""'•.~ . " "
~.-.','I."':·"·
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1990 Edition, para. 332.4.2(a), cold bending and
fonning, can the elongation value for SA·I06 B reported in the Certified Material Test Report be
substituted for the s~ified basic minimum elongation in calculating the maximum fiber elongation?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3c·1993 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3(b), Heat Treatment Requirements
File: B31-96-036
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1993 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and para. 331.1.3(b),
do socket welds and seal welds with P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater than 3% but
less than 10%, a carbon content less than 0.15%, and a weld throat thickness of 0.5 in. or less require
.",.·,·",,..··;w·,,',, ,.•.•', postweld heat treatment if matching filler material is used? ,.' ", ... , ' ' , " " " ? ", ,",v" '. """.'.'"
Reply (I): Yes, unless applicable provisions of para.' 331. 1.3(b) are met~
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addend8.,-Table 331.1.1, and para. 331.1.3(b),
do Socket welds and seal welds with P-No. 5 materials with a chromium content greater than 3% but
,,;";;~:;""5'.'."""'''''' less thaillO%,a carbon content less than 0.15%, anda weld throat thickness·ofO.5 in. odesS require";:': ...
,~l;1~~~t~~fcn-!c'!~~:~.~1~~~~~~:;k~;~::!~:!~f~~'~~:~f<W{:~
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and paras. 331.1.3(b)
and 331.1.7, if a non-air-hardenable filler is used, is the base metal HAZ required to be 241 maximum
Brinell hardness for P-No. 5 materials with chromium content greater than 3% but less than 1O%?
. Reply (3): Yes, unless the applicable provisions of para. 331.3(b) are met.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Table 331.1.1 and para. 331.1.3(b),
""',~i'"'~;":F.;:"''';;' .. ,,~ do ther~uirementsof para. 331.1.3(b) override the requirements of Table 331.1.1 relating to base metal
\'.,' ''':'''>';''''~iii".;·' . group and/or' ihe specified minimum tensile strength? '
: '. " ,_" <.' . . . __ '. , . \ ".': : .••.. ~.:1".. ~. ",',;- e', .:',:;-.........:. ....,..,.. ••
Reply (4): No, unless the applicable provisions of para. 331.1.3(b) are met.
180
. ,'.' •· ;,;B31.3!nterpretations No. 15. .' , . _•.__.:"., _. ,,>..' 15·19.15·20
~'"--'.:~~" ,-~·f~.A~i.~.~'''~~~fi\~~-,,;:':::-~~,J)4~~;'_~~~.';·~. )_··~"··~"-';·:""~;';""""'.:;'i: ....'';.·:~,·.~..,,:·,
. . .....:.:~"' . ':.: ':'-Interpretation: '15-19
. .. "'" ..,{,.' ' ...•....."..'."! .. - • <,..,.-," . '~'.. ~
."H' r;.:: ~_:~t~.~l'~~.i~:t$rY4,1.:~·::'-'·\'~~~~~~~·.;ft' . ~-r, ,,".~.~.?,~ ,..- •. :,~~.~ •. ~. "!":f"-;';~W'_: . " ", ,'~'-,,-, .. "~.' -,:" ,"~. -.-. '" .-~~ -'j.-' .".: • ~"_"'r'~'~'" ~
-:' -'-;,.. .,.
" ,:·, ....~.:;·,,:.-,'"'~,.,.SubJect:,,~;:~;<~,<~/ASME B31.3-1996 EdItIon, Para.·.328.2.3,.Performance Quahficatlon by Others'"

,-., .• - ,..'",' . -.• ",' ".- ;,··,.··-'·.;,4 ...·:..; ...•·· ;.C. '." ....
'.,.~ ,:"t.".::~,:; '.\,~, ....::tt~-,l: "J..:';. .t !,'$':'".:.... ;'<"'"-,.;~,' .......,.-' :.. . _ , ' . "'.'- ' .......
.-::.::"....: . ;:,i:,?:~11:P~t~1~su.~:~.~~~~, Qc!o'?er 30, .1996~'::~;'::':''':':~'~'' ~,:,::.._...

:,:'.1:. ,,. ::,;·,,:;;;;~'-":":;';';f,:~:~"""'~l '~-(::~:,~\~:·~."~~X*a,~~~J~~,.,..~~t-:";-.".)\ l~~!·_·,·, \""":·M~1f,.':·.~_~~... "\~.• ~",: >,I.~~ ~ '~\ .~,' . '';-' ':.~. . "'.-; .
File: B31-96-037
Question: In' accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 328!2.3, is it acceptable for an
employer to accept a welder performance qualification previously conducted by an organization whose
. welder qualification program, with the exception of testing under the full supervision and control of the
manufacturer, contractor, assembler, or installer, complies fully with the provisions of ASME Section
IX?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B3L3-1993 Edition, Hardness Testing
File: B31-96-039
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition require P-No. 1 carbon steel welds, hot bends, and
hot-formed Components locally heat treated to be hardness tested? . '>-0.'"
Reply: No.
)
-- .)
,f '.-.
181
·/ .. :..' .' ;~.~l _;.... .»;; ., ;"": '.' .-;...• '.~. , •. )...:•• ~........,'.'" r.•"", .'~1r'-·':;·1''':~.\>O ~~·...:4.•"',::·4/"":,.. ~.:'\.<,,,::~.·,;~·~ . . . ·.·o>·...':·.... U:;.l.\.:U:;:O",; ~.~:,"'.... ;o':~;:.'4...... . ;. ',.~., .'; ,.: :.~.,;",,:.'j"(.;
," . ' SUbject:;l;:;\~T'tJiM~,:;e~1

.. 3a.;.t?~3.A:ddenda; Paras~.342and 344.2, Examination
......~, ' .
',--' ";' Date Issued:,";"'~.~October30,~1996';':·.>;<·'~··"·,;"""",~,~:,,,,\,,·f""""'~;'~-,,"-:':,-..... ,•..•. '.~.:' ...:. ,- "''':
.' 'J: '"\-''' ,;",,#~-;-~;,i:~~:",\,:<ol·tt. . 't'd.l'·~i.';;~;:"~·'·'"1.":.';;'".. ~,.".",f9s.·"'-L .~. ,-.',.,-, •.• '~~. ",' "".',;' ."'.:' . '::\).. " .' . , .•', •• ' ....
.;, '~.7',\;~~..::(.'.t;.<.,., ",'-:'. ,(,~ :~~,,~·~~itjI~'f:~.I:~~.I~il~til:t~'i;;'!~ttl;';l;~,,;..~~,,:t·ii.~.;~'.,;, .. :,i.~1t'~"'''~r;:~~l:·'t'''~;~:''l.,
# ':-':·I~~.~ :-.,.·~t\:4.'~"_:"'::i~~;·~ .. '•.~ ..,," ,,.,'" ""'··'~r"r,.':;:· '. '0"
File: B31-96-041
Question (I): Does'ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda,' paras: 342 and/or 344.2 require that personnel
performing visual examinations required by paras. 341.4 artd 344.7 be qualified and certified in accord-
ance with SNT-TC-IA, Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification and
Certification? .
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3a-1993 Addenda, paras. 342 and/or 344.2 require that personnel
performing visual examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be qualified and certified to AWS
QCI, Standard for Qualification and Certification of Welding Inspectors?
Reply (2): No.
examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be performed by personnel that (1) meet the physical
requirements of ASME BPV Code. Section V, Article 9, (2) are competent to perform visual examination
in accordance with the manufacturer's written procedures and (3) the employer certifies and makes
available reco~ds of the examiner which show dates and results of qualifications?
'~);''-" '.' ; '~-""'" ",,:,.'
d.'...... ,'~ 'I, ,:.1 "~~'.' .~.:. .'; .~;~~::....,:.;.• ;:j1~:;;A:.t,,; ;....r:·~i~. ~:$ . ·~~~:,:···:,·,:':::... " ._ _ ."<\;:":"~~;" .; .~ ,'..•.~~, < • •
examinations required by paras. 341.4 and 344.7 be performed by personnel that (I) meet the physiCal
requirements of ASME BPV Code Section C, Article 9, (2) have training and experience commensurate
' ...•;,,,,,,,,:"'.,.with
.. ,-\lIe.
the needs
''' ,,' "
~<'''~.:''_'':''''.''» l ,i.. " " ..", .'
ofthe,visual~tions
,,'., ..,•.,•.. ,"-.. '
required
. . ,'., . . ' ..
"~"""'_
by , ' paras. 341.4. and 344.7, (3) have demonstrated__ "",'
~ ):.~:'" .,~ '''''\~''.' ~. >" ",,", . ''','.. ,- " ,
- .. ·1t..t.·I¥r~~,competence t?perf0nn thevisWl1 exan1inations using th~ employer'swritten procedures througbwritten~:-., . '. . '
,,'{\;, '.' "~{~~~;"~*8nd'p~caf~tiiig1ldiDuristered bYJhe emj,ioyer,and (4) the employer certifieS and makes available'·;~,>'.} "', ~'" ".-'
.....' ", .' ., .•. ' . recordS of the eXaminer which show dates and results of qualification? .' .' . , .
:f'it,i.k~~~*~;;,;'if~t·""i~i.'ff;;;!};~~~~~*&;\f;'''i~f:;:';~;;iJ.~i:.'.~·''f4r{;~~t·",~~~(JI~¥);;:·''·~;{<;f,~J.',I,i;;'?;X S·+:¥1\;,.. !;it}\:~;:;t.~~$\;\~fi:.' ..•.,
Reply (4):.Yes. ;:,\",
....
...... J, .."; ...,-:
':.~ '
182
C. 'r .~:,' -"""" ... \,,!.,,,,...'<,,,,,·!",;:if~~~,.~~~?'~*~~~t,:;'-:\~'t")~,}.,.).,·,,~ I"~,' :'-': -
• • < ':j~';"::: ,;~~."l~: ...'rt:: ~::~~if<\,_~~'~'~I.i. ;i~~l:"(:.(:O:fi/~.: :'Z"'"-i '::;':':;~~i ,i~ci t.,;.'. -" \.,::,',:>.r,
~'~' " -",'..., _c.:'>",~ ~.,,, .•,,,• ..., •.',..y;{' .... 'l*"". ·.. ··"1 ._-~':j.t.~"I·, .... ~"'t·,;·tt:':.,;J?''!'_~·._\ ~~~~~"'~-":!>""'~'~"1'\~·-·'~<':"." .
\,' -.,
t. ,.-.}r:'· ~ ~.~~.:; ,.~at~. _~~sued~~~~;(~:r~·~ <?c~~b~~"".~~~. !!~~;;.~~;:,~:i~:7tj:~~·~~;:~':;~:·:t~:t:~;:~)~2;;f;:,::·:::t·_~/.~·~::~-~~
: .
.1l.,,".!t'- ,.-."~':-";': ·),p;.;("";1,l)!;~.'t;;!<';: ~;·~~n·.,)r~~,;:i.-t";:~,,l;),._"-~/;;"'·~~,.~.':l-tf4'\; ..~~";l~·:'~'f.~~\:"fltj~t;,'t~~jJ~~~W~.tJ:).t:~,":~j;,t,~;.~t~'i*;~;,f,~'t? {>('\.~ .,;..~.;r.t~~. 'i(,' ;'~'::~"_ ,..:~: ',\?; :<''': .'li' ,~.j,:'~;::"'ln~t-':-
File: B31-96-043
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. X302.2.a. is a pneumatic leak check
of an expansion joint at a test pressure of 110% of the design pressure, in accordance with para. 345.5,
an acceptable test? /,. '".
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-96-044
Question: In accordance with ASME B31. 3-1996 Edition, when qualifying welding procedures
which require impact testing, is the thickness range qualified to T /2 to T + V. in. rather than the range
given in ASME Section IX, QW-403.1O?
Reply: Yes, provided the criteria and thickness limits specified in ASME Section IX, para. QW-
403.10 are not exceeded. See ASME B31.3, Table 323.3.1, box A-5.
'.. _,.,:~·~.~j~:;.;.,:~;~:,;~:,lrt~~~;j!0g;';:i;!;~;;~,!~£:,;',::J;~;~~~·i~:'~ff~;S:It.\~~~:;:~;:,~r,~-~; "";" ': ".,'.,~ ,~, . ,{; .,,;,;~ ,',' ':., ;;:~:~~,:':: '",:::~_;;:, , . . 1;-
:~. ,' i. :; .":~~', :~ :~:,,,,. Subject; n.:;. >~;,.~ASME 1331.3-1996"Edition, ,Par~: 3i9~3:t(b), The~~ Expansion Data <' ; : . :
File: B31-96-045
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 319.3.1(b), must all thermal
conditions of a piping system be evaluated for reactions on equipment?
"...'.'.-
·':"'<;~';:''';"'~::'':'''·':''''';''':~~·);:?!'·Question(2):.D~ ASME B31.3 provide specific ~lowable piping load limits for end reactions on
".", ':·;.~t,,;·~;, ;~,"' ;;equipment? .:;'~,~:~:'.,:l·:~.·:·";~~,~i~~'.~::;.:.:~~;;':",~"i;:~~·:;:';:2!::;/:;·~~~:/. ~~!t "..'.. :',;'.;'",.....;, . ",'''".', __
Reply (2): No.
183
-~---~~------_ ..~ - - - -
15-25. 15-26 .{' ...,.. ...".;.. ..... ,i,.;.,.;.,..".,.\ ,,,,, ..B31.3.lnterpretations No..-15
,. ~", .
-, :'SubjeCt;':';::'~~" ''''.:ASME B31:3c-1995Add~~&:·P;;:·32i2".'2.'ici~;'T~iri~~t~ie:ii;i~:"~is~ed ,,,'" .

r·." "-"C' , " . Materials .., ~.'" "'~'"'>"'" ,.,.,;."... ",
_", . . . ~.._~~... ";""":",'~"''''''''':'' _.,... j. _.•.• ;,,- .•.. ~.~.' ._, .:"".,~ -',0 ". _"" . . ,,_>
l .}.. ,<It' <",:.pate' ISsued: _~:. -.. . October 30, 1996 ,:.-l,:,';.:--•.: ,,~.";"'(~"'.!"';:"-~~''::'~'!''~'''':'-i,',-;'l;~!:'-:-::';::.;..o;;..:.:~'~,~-,,-:l,..tl·it~:i~~;"1,;~,~~}{~~~·in'.I;'~:';'~"'('~':";' .~,:,:>~:,,:·,·t'·;"""-~(:"':;~ ;;~. "",,; F~;!~'J,..~r:,~ ~~"",-~,\ ',,--.'
File: B31-96-047
'.' , ..•• " c .
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1995 Addenda, Para. 323.2.2 and Table 323.2.2. does
P-No. 1 carbon steel subject to metal temperaturesbetween -20"F and -SO"F with coincident pressure
in excess of 25% of the maximum allowable design pressure require impact testing?
Reply: Yes, except as provided in Note (5) of Table 323.2.2,
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Metallic Valves Lined with a Nonmetal
File: B31-96-049
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition prohibit the use of a metallic valve lined with a·
nonmetal in Category M Fluid Service?
", .., ....... ".,.\ -~ ;'.
\
Reply (I): No. "
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1993 Edition address a sensitive leak test for a metallic valve lined
with a nonmetal? --
184
ASME B31.3
General Information
revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. In these cases! a revised reply bearing the original
". interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. As stated in' the
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to Appendix Z.
.~
" Code Reference and Subject Indexes have been prepared to assist the user in locating interpretations
..;'I by location or by subject matter in the Code. They cover interpretations issued from Volume I up to
'J
185
J~""':'
,, .
• '1
B31.3
Para, 300(c)(3). Intent of the Code, , , . 16-12 831-97-0268

Para. 302.2.1. Prssure-Temperature Design Criteria - Listed Components 16-18 831-97-038
Having Established Ratings , ' 0 • 0 ••••
Para. 302.3.2. Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads 16-04 831-96-057
and Displacement Strains ,.,',
Parol. 302.3.5, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and 16-11 831-97-024
Displacement Strolins ,, .
Para. 304.1.1. Pressure Design of Components ' 16-14 831-97-029
Para. 328.5.2. Welding Requirements - Fillet and Socket Welds , ,. 16-06 831-96-0588
Parol. 331.1.6. Temperolture Verification . 16-09 831-97-013
Para. 332.2.2(a). 8ending Temperature . 16-08 831-97-001
Parol. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination , ,' 16-01 831-96-053
Para. 341.3.4. Progressive Examination . 16-02 831-96-054
Para. 341.3.4. Progressive Examination . 16-05 831-96-058A
Para. 344, Types of Examination , .. 16-13 831-97-028
Para. 345. Leak Testing ," ' 16-03 831-96-055
Table 302.3.5. Stress-Range Reduction Factors ' . 16-10 831-97-014
Table 323.2.2. Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon 14-12R 831-95-018
Steel Materials ' .
Table 341.3.2A. Examination Acceptance Criteria :.. 16-07 831-96-060
Flanged 8all Valves . 16-16 831-97-036
Tapered Pipe Thread Joints . 16-15 831-97-0~2
Tubing in Category M Fluid Service . 16-17 831-97-037
to';
\!';'"
~.
• 187
~
~
"
831.3 Interpretations No. 16 14·12R, 16-01, 16-02
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 323.2.2, Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for
Carbon Steel Materials
File: 831-95-018
fittings manufactured from A 312 welded TP304 pipe without the use of weld metal deposits and used at
design temperatures of -425°F or above.
Reply: No. See Table 323.2.2. Column A.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination
File: B31-96-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, if a
defective weld is repaired, found defective again, repaired a second time and again found to be defective,
is it necessary to ex.amine two additional items for each failed repair?
Reply: No. See para. 341.3.3.
(
'.',~."
,
.' ~, .'
"
File: B31-96-054
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A and para. 341.3.4, when
the engineering design specifies more stringent acceptance criteria for normal fluid service, do the
requirements of para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, still apply?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, for nonnal fluid service, when a particular
one hundred welds constitute a designated lot, welder "A" completes three welds and two are radiographed
to acceptance, and welder "B" completes ninety-seven welds and five are radiographed to acceptance, do
all welds in the lot, after visual and leak tests, meet the requirements of the Code?
Reply (2): Yes, provided no other welds in the designated lot were examined showing unacceptabel
defects.
189
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 345, Leak Testing
File: 831-96-055
,
Question (I): In accordance with AS ME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 345. I(b)', with a system design
pressure of 150 psig at 200°F, and where a hydrostatic pressure test is impractical, does a pneumatic test
at 150 psig or 110% of d,esign pressure, whichever is less, satisfy the requirements of the Code?
Reply (I): No. See para. 345.5.4.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, under the above conditions, would testing
in accordance with para. 345.9 be required?
Reply (2): No. Use of the alternative leak test is permitted only if the conditions of para. 345.1 (c) are met.
Subject: ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 302.3.2, Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads
File: 831-96-057
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, p"ra. 302.3.5, shall the longitudinal
sustained stresses, SL, be evaluated in the installed and all operating positions of the pipe relative to its
supports and restraints?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 83 I .3a- I996 Addenda, para. 302.3.5. is there an allowable
operating stress for the combination of longitudinal sustained stresses and displacement stresses, not
displacemeilt stress ranges?
190
~ubject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination
File: 831-96-058A
Question (I): A welder's production welds experience some rejections. The welder is retained and
requalified. In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, Progressive Examination, does
the Code require more stringent examination of this welders welds?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 341.3.4, can the two additional joints
examined after a defective joint is found to be counted as part of the 5% random radiography requirement?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 328.5.2, Welding Requirements - Fillet and Socket Welds
File: 831-96-0588
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 328.5.2 and Fig. 328.5.2c, what is the
, i minimum gap acceptable in a socket-welded joint after welding?
Reply: The '116 in. approximate gap shown in Fig. 328.5.2c is "before welding." The Code does not
provide a gap dimension after welding.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, Examination Acceptance Criteria
File: 831-96-060
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, Table 341.3.2A, in the radiographic examination
of girth and miter groove welds, can a densitometer be used to evaluate root concavity?
Reply: The Code does not address the use of a densitometer for this purpose.
191 .
--~~--'-------------
Subject: AS ME B31.3-1996 Edition, Para. 332.2.2(a), Bending Temperature
File: B31-97-001
,
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, paras. 332.2.2(a) and (b), are the transfonnation
ranges used in B31.3 considered to be the lower critical temperatures in ASME B31.1-1995 Edition, para.
129.3.1?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 331.1.6, Temperature Verification
File: B31-97-013
Question: In accordance will:} ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 331.1.6, can a thennocouple be laid
on a part being heat treated as opposed to being attached?
Reply: The Code requires only that temperature be checked by thennocouple, pyrometers, or other
suitable methods to ensure that WPS requiremeilts are met. It does not otherwise address positioning or
C'·'
attachment of thennocouples, except for a pennissive statement in para. 330.1.3(b) allowing attachment by
capacitor discharge method without procedure and perfonnance qualific:ations. ;'.
"~'r
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Table 302.3.5, Stress-Range Reduction Factors
File: B31-97-014
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, does the stress range reduction factor,
/. as listed in Table 302.3.5 and provided in equation (I c) depend on the material of construction?
Reply (I): No, except see para. 319.3.4(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Appendix D, do the stress intensification
factors. i; and ill depend on the material of construction?
Reply (2): No.
c·.;·
....
~ -
.'
~
192
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 302.3.5. Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads
File: B31-97-024
Question (I): In accordance with AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 302.3.5. is the stress range reduction
factor independent of 'the material of construction?
Reply (I): Yes; however. see para. 319.3.4(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. are the stress intensification factors
listed in Appendix D independent of the material of construction?
Reply: Yes; however. see para. 319.3.4(b).
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 3OO(c)(3), Intent of the Code
Date Issued: November 10. 1997
File: B31-97-026B
Question (I): Maya piping designer use para. 3OO(c)(3) of AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda and apply a
more rigorous analysis to qualify the design and acceptance criteria 0f piping where the Code requirements
employ a simplified approach?
Reply (I): Yes. if the designer can demonstrate the validity of the approach to the owner.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. does a piping system that has been designed
in accordance with the Code but not fabricateq or assembled as specified by the engineering design, comply
with the Code if a more rigorous analysis proves it suitable for the service intended?
Reply (2): No. See para. 300.2. Definitions - Assembly and Erection. Also, see para. 341.3.2.
r.
"
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. Para. 344. Types of Examination
".
. Date Issued: November 10. 1997
File: B31-97-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda. para. 344. does the Code contain instruction
or restrictions regarding the design of a designated lot of piping?
Reply: No. other than the definition in Note 2 of para. 344. I.3.
193
--~._--~----~-_ ... __._ .. _ -----

16·14, 16·15, 16-16 831.3 Interpretations No. 16
Subject: ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Design of Components
File: B31-97-029
,
Question: For subsea production systems where ASME B31.3 is required, can the internal design gage
pressure, P, in paras. 304.1.1 and 304.1.2 be interpreted as coincident internal design gage pressure minus
external gage pressure? .
Reply: Yes; however, when the coincident external gage pressure is greater than the internal gage pressure,
the design shall be in accordance with para. 304.1.3.
Subject: AS ME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, Tapered Thread Joints
File: B31-97-032
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-1996 Addenda, does the Code permit the use of tapered
pipe thread joints?
Reply: Yes, provided the joints comply with the provisions of paras. 314 and 335.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Flanged Ball Valves
File: B31-97-036
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, are flanged ball valves where the ball is held in
place by a threaded retainer plug in which the end of the plug forms some or all of the flange face prohibited
from use in Category M Fluid Service?
Reply: No.
194
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Tubing in Category M Fluid Service
File: 831-97-037
,
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, is tubing with flared, flareless, and compression
tubing joints prohibited for Category M lluid service in sizes larger than 16 mm <% in.) O. D. for piping
other than instrumentation signal lines in contact with process fluids and process temperature-pressure
conditions?
Reply: No. Also, see Interpretation 2-13.
Subject: ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, Para. 302.2.1 , Pressure-Temperature Design Criteria - Listed
Components Having Established Ratings
File: 831-97-038
Question: When selecting a flange on the basis of pressure-temperature rating given in AS ME 816.5.
in accordance with ASME 831.3a-1996 Addenda, para. 302.2.1, is it required to consider any external
forces and moments acting on the llange?
Reply: Yes. See para. 303.
195
c......
/~
-"
ASME B31.3

April 1, 1998 Through November 31, 1999
General Information
interpretation number with the suffix Ris presented.
Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endor~"
For detailed instructions on preparation of technical inquiries to the 831 Committee, refer to Appendix·Z.

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B31.3
Appendix V. Allowahle Variation in Elevated Temperature Service . 17-17 831-98-026

Para. JIKI.2. Defining Piping Components . 17-23 B31·99-0I2
Pam. JOI.J. Design Tempenllures . 17-07 831-98-006
Parol. 302.2.2. Listed Components Not Having 5pecilic Ratings . 17-11 831-98-017
Parol. 302.2.4. Allowances for Pressure and Temperolture Variation , . 17-12 831-98-019A
Para. 302.3.5(c). Longitudinal Stress . 17-18 831·99~004
Para. 302.3.5(dl. Limits of Calculation Stresses Due to Sustained Loads 17-04 831-97-048 '
and Displacement Strains .
Parol. 304.3.3. Reinforcement of Welded 8ranch Connections . 17-26 831-99-022
Parol. 322.3. Instrument Piping . 17-24 831-99-013
Para. 323.1.1. Listed Materials . 17-09 831-98-009
Pam. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials and Unlisted Components for Metallic 17-08 831-98-008
Piping Lined With Nonmetals .
Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials . 17-01 831·97-044
Pam. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness . 17·13 831-98-020
Para. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness . 17-21 831-99-010
Para. 335.1.1 (el. Alignment of Flanged Joints . 17-25 831-99-020
Para. 335.2.3. Boll Length . 17-20 831·99-009
Para. 340.4. Qualification of the Owner's Inspector . 17-15 831-98-023
Parol. 345. Testing . 17·30 B31·99-o28
()', Para. 345.2.3Ic). Special Provisions for Testing of Closure Welds , 17-28 831-99-025
".- Para. 345.1IIhl. Sensitive Leak Test . 17-02 831-97-046
Para. 345.9.J<al. Allernative Leak Test Examination of Welds . 17-10 831-98-011
Para. 345.9.I(h). Ahernative Leak Test Examination of Welds . 17-05 831.97-049
Para. A322.6. Pressure Relieving Devices ' . 17·29 831-99-027
Para. A3211.2.5(h)(I). Qualilication Test Pressure . 17-06 831·98-001
Pam. K3IXl(a). Applicahility of High' Pressure Piping . 17-16 831-98-025
Parol. 1014.2. Special Threaded Joints . 17-19 831-99-008
Para. K3211.2.1 (a). Welding Qualilication Requirements . 17-27 831·99-024
Tahle 302.3.4. Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor . 17-14 831-98-022
Tahle 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds . 17-22 831·99-011
Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds ' . 17-03 831-97-047
199
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials
File: B31-97-044
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997. does Table 300.1.1 apply to materials that are
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, does Table 331.1.1 apply to materials that are
Reply (2): Yes, unless the provisions of para. 331.2.2 are satisfied.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 345.8(b), Sensitive Leak Test
File: B31-97-046
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. 345.8(b), must the test pressure for a sensitive
leak test be greater than 15 psi?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-97-047
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, Table 341.3.2. is the maximum allowable height of
reinforcement or internal protrusion. in any plane through the weld. listed in "L" for each face of the ~eld?
Reply: Yes. See also Interpretation 9-04.
201
17-04. 17-05. 17-06 B31.3 Interpretations No. 17
Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5(d), Limits of Calculation Stresses Due to Sustained
File: 831-97-048
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997, para. 302.3.5(d), may the number of cycles, Nj ,
in Equation (I d) exceed 2,000,000 cycles?
Reply (I): Yes; however, see also Note (5) of Equation (Ic) for limits on the equivalent number of full
displacement cycles, N.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997, para. 302.3.5(d), Equation (Id), is it required to
combine thermal displacement cycles with displacement cycles due to other conditions such as wave motion.
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, Para. 345.9.1 (b), Alternative Leak Test Examination of Welds
File: 831-97-049
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.9. I (b). may the liquid penetrant
method be used to examine a weld on a magnetic material?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition; Para. A328.2.5(b)( I), Qualification Test Pressure
File: 831-98-001
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, can the pressure design thickness be used
instead of the nominal thickness in Equation (27) of para. A328.2.5(b)(I), to calculate the qualification
pressure?
Reply: No.
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202
B31.3 Interpretations No. 17 17-07. 17-08. 17-09
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Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda; Para. 301.3. Design Temperatures
File: 831-98-006
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997. para. 301.3. should fire case temperature or pressures
be considered to satistY, the requirements of para. 301.2. in establishing the design conditions of piping
that may be exposed to an accidental fire?
Reply: The Code does not require the consideration of accidental fire cases when establishing the piping
design conditions. except as required to meet the pressure relief requirements of para. 322.6.3. See also
para. 300(c)(5).
Subject: ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. Para. 323.1.2. Unlisted Materials and Unlisted Components for Metallic
Piping Lined With Nonmetals
File: 831-98-008
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. may unlisted metallic materials be used
in the manufacture of metallic piping components lined with non-metals?
Reply (I): Yes. See para. A323.1.
Question (2): In aC,cordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition. may pressure containing metallic piping
components (lined with non-metals). not manufactured in accordance, with a listed standard and for which
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the rules in para. 304 (other than para. 304.7.2) do not apply. be qualified for use under this Code?
Reply (2): Yes. See paras. A300(d) and 304.7.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3b-1997 Addenda. Para. 323.1.1. Listed Materials
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File: 831-98-009
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3b-1997. are classes 12. 13.22. and 23 of ASTM A 671.
A 672. and A 691 the only listed materials in the Code for these specifications?
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): Is it a requirement that listed pipe and tube materials in ASME 831.3 be hydrotested by
the manufacturer? .
Reply (2): Yes. See the requirements of the listed specifications and Note (76) of Appendix A.
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203
17-10. 17-11. 17·12 831.3 Interpretations No. 17
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1 (a), Alternative Leak Test Examination of Welds
File: B31-98-0I I
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. 345.9. I(a), is 100% UT examination an accept-
able substitute for 100% radiography?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.2.2, Listed Components Not Having Specific Ratings
File: B31-98-0 17
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-I997, if a fitting is manufactured to ASME B16.9 and a
listed material specitication that includes a reference to Note (16) of Appendix A, may the user establish
the pressure-tempenllure rating in accordance with para. 302.2.2, without applying a weld joint quality
factor in accordance with para. 302.3.4?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variation'
File: B3I-98-019A
Question ( I): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3b-I997, para. 302.2.4, are the allowable variations permitted
in this paragraph only applicable when the increased pressure is less than or equal to the test pressure used
in accordance with para. 345'!
Reply (1 ): Yes.
Question (2): When establishing the maximum allowable relieving pressure permitted in accordance with
para. 322.6.3(c), may the test pressure used in accordance with para. 345 be exceeded?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the maximum relieving pressure requirements of ASME BPVC Section VIII,
Division I are met?
204
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Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness
File: B31-98-020
Background IQuestion (1)/: An integrally-reinforced branch connection fitting is welded externally tq a

pipe that has a wall thicker than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT, and the branch pipe
has a wall thickness thinner than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT.
Question (1 a): In accordance with ASME B3 1.3b- I997, does the thickness of the branch pipe attached
to the branch connection fitting have any effect on whether the weld between the branch connection and
the main pipe requires PWHT?
Reply (I a): No.
Question (I b): Does the weld throat thickness between the branch connection fitting and main pipe have
any effect on whether this joint requires PWHT?
Reply (Ib): Yes. See para. 33 I. l.3(a).
Question (I c): Does the thickness of the branch connection fitting have any effect on whether this joint
requires PWHT?
Reply (Ic): No. See para. 33 I. l.3(a).
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", f Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3b- I997, para. 331.13, if the header has a wall thickness
less than the minimum material thickness requiring PWHT, would the deciding factor for carrying out
PWHT be whether the throat thickness of the joint is greater than twice the minimum material thickness
requiring PWHT?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: AS ME B31.3-I993 Edition, Table 302.3.4, Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor
·-1
File: 831-98-022
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1993 Edition, is it permissible to increase Ej for ASTM
A 312 EFW pipe to 1.00 by 100% radiography?
Reply: Yes. See Table 302.3.4.
205
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. 340.4, Qualification of the Owner's Inspector
File: B31-98-023
Question: In accordance with AS ME B31.3b-1997, may the owner's inspector and the installing contrac-
tor's examiner both be employed by the same organization?
Reply: Yes, provided all requirements of para. 340.4 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Para. K3OO(a), Applicability of High Pressure Piping
File: B31-98-025
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. K3OO(a), is it mandatory that the owner of
a piping system designate it as being in High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with Chapter IX when
the system pressure exceeds that allowed by ASME B16.5, PN 420 (Class 2500) rating?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, para. K3OO(a), can piping be designated by the
owner as being in High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with Chapter IX and be designed to Chapter
IX, even if this results in a wall thickness that is less than that required by design in accordance with
Chapters I through VI?
Reply (2): Yes; however, when piping is so designated, Chapter IX shall be applied in its entirety.
206
831.3 Interpretations No, 17 17-17. 17-18
Subject: ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, Appendix V, Allowable Variation in Elevated Temperature Service
File: B31-98-026
Question (I ): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, when evaluating variations in elevated temperature
service in accordance with Appendix V, must the design temperature established in accordance with para.
301.3 be high enough such that the corresponding allowable stress value in Table' A-I !s based on creep
criteria?
Reply (I): No; however, if the maximum temperature experienced during the variations is where the
creep properties control design, Appendix V applies. Note that the word "design" in para. V302(c) does
not apply and will be deleted by errata from a future edition of the Code.
Question (2): When some varying conditions are below the creep range and some are in the creep range,
does ASME B31.3b-1997, Appendix V require that conditions below the creep range be included in the
calculation of the usage factor in accordance with para. V303.~'?
Reply (2): No. See para. V302(c).
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997, when determining if Table A-I allowable stress
values are based upon creep criteria, may the maximum temperature in Tables 2A or 2B of ASME BPVC
Section II, Part D be used as the highest temperature, which is below the range of values based upon the
creep criteria?
Reply (3): Yes. See Footnote 2 to para. 302.3.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda, Para. 302.3.5(c), Longitudinal Stress
.. Date Issued: July I, 1999

File: B31-99-004
Question (I): Shall longitudinal stresses due to the misalignment of piping during assembly, or intentional
cold spring, be included as a longitudinal sustained stress in accordance with para. 302.3.5(c)?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): Is it required to include the stresses due to misalignment of piping during assembly or
intentional cold spring in the calculation of displacement stress range in accordance with para. 319.2.3?
Reply (2): No. See para. 319.2.I(c).
Question (3): Shall axial stresses due to the imposed displacements be considered in the evaluation of
the displacement stress range'?
Reply (3): Yes. See para. 319.2.3(c).
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Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. Para. K314.2. Special Threaded Joints
File: B31-99-oo8
Question (I ): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition. is a hammer union. whose male and female
ends are butt welded to the piping. considered a Special Threaded Joint as defined in para. K314.2?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3 I.3- I996 Edition. can a threaded joint that does not meet
the requirements of para. K314.2 be qualified Jor High Pressure Fluid Service in accordance with the
requirements of para. K304.7.2?
Reply (2): Yes. provided the requirements of para. K3I4.3 are also met.
Subject: ASME B3 I.3c- I998 Addenda. Pam. 335.2.3. Bolt Length
File: B31-99-009
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. Para. 335.2.3. if a bolt fails to extend beyond its nut
and no more than one thread is visible inside the nut. is the bolt considered acceptably engaged?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Para. 331.1.3. Governing Thickness
File: B31-99-010
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. pam. 331.1.3. if the thicker of two components is
machined before welding. in accrodance with pam. 328.4.2. to match the thickness of the thinner component.
is the resulting matching thickness at the weld joint used in determining the requirements for PWHT?
Reply: Yes.
208
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Table 341.3.2. Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B31-99-0 II
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. Table 341.3.2. is surface porosity acceptable on
the crown or external surface of a groove weld that is greater than Y'c> in. in nominal thickness'!
Reply (I): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3I.3c-1998. Table 341.3.2. is surface porosity acceptable on
the crown of a 14 in. fillet weld'?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Para. 300.2. Defining Piping Components
File: B31-99-012
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. are pressure containing components such as strainers.
filters. knock-out pots. holding pots and other devices that serve such purposes as mixing. separating.
(, snubbing. distributing. and metering or controlling flow included in the scope of this Code?
Reply: Yes. unless the Owner specifies another code. See definition of "piping components" (para.
300.2)
Subject: ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda. Panl. 322.3. Instrument Piping
File: B31-99-0 13
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998. are instrument piping components (such as' tubing.
compression fittings. barstock valves. etc.) outside of a piping isolation valve (piping root valve) within
the scope of ASME B3 I.3'!
Reply: Yes. See para. 322.3.
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209
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Interpretation: 17-25 ~<"-
Subj~ct: ASME 831.3-1996' Edition, Para. 335.1.1 (c), Alignment of Flanged Joints

File: 831-99-020
Question (I): In accordance with ASME 831.3-1996 Edition, para. 335.1.1 (c), does the specified tolerance
apply to each individual flange, measured to the design plane, or to the total misalignment between two
mating flanges?
Reply (I): It applies to each individual flange, measured to the design plane.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-.1996 Edition, para. 335. 1.1 (c), do the requirements apply
to all pipe sizes and pressure rating classes?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections
File: 831-99-022
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, can the rules in para. 304.3.3 be used for the
pressure design of a Tee, machined from stock with a remaining block shape, that does not confonn to a
listed standard?
Reply: Yes; however, see paras. 304.3.5 and 300(c).
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Pam. K328.2.1 (a), Welding Qualification Requirements
File: 831-99-024
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-1999 Edition, para. K328.2.1 (a). must the perfonnance
qualilication test coupons for each welder and welding operator be impact tested?
Reply: Yes.
210
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831.3 Interpretations No. 17 17·28. 17-29. 17-30
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Subject: ASME B31.3- i 999 Edition, Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing of Closure Welds
File: B31-99-025
Question (I): Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345.2.3(c) require that the described examinations
be performed for closure welds connecting piping systems or components that have been successfully tested
Reply (I): No. The weld may be leak tested in accordance with para. 345.1 instead.
Question (2): Can weld connecting a flange to a piping system be considered a closure weld?
Reply (2): Yes, but if the weld is to be examined in accordance with para. 345.2.3(c), the flange, as well
as the piping system must have been successfully tested.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. A322.6, Pressure Relieving Devices
File: B31-99-027
Question: Are pressure relieving devices installed in accordance with ASME B31.3- I999 Edition, para.
A322.6 required to meet ASME BPVC Section VIII, Division I, UO-136(b)(3)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Pam. 345, Testing
File: B31-99-028
.,
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345, may the test pressure exceed the
maximum allowable internal pressure, P"" for a miter bend in accordance with para. 304.2.3? .
Reply: Yes.
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ASME B31.3

December 1, 1999 through March 31, 2001
General Information
interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
For detailed instructions-on preparation of technical inquiries to the B31 Committee, refer to Appendix Z.

213
B31.3
Appendix D, Thickness of a Welding Tee ; , ,, . 18-18 831-00-044

Para. 300(c), General Statements, " 18-09 831-00-013
Para. 302.3.5(c), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and 1~16 831-00-032
Displacement Strains .....................•. , .. , .......•.......... , .
Para. 304.2.2., Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe , , .. , 18-06 831-00-010
Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range ...•.... , ," ,. 18-13 831-00-029
Para. 328.2.3, Perfonnance Qualification by Others , , . 18-08 831-00-012
Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness , " 18-02 831-00-003
Para. 331.2, Heat Treatment Specific Requirements .. , , .. 18-04 831-00-006
Para. 341.3.4(a), Progressive Sampling for Examination , , . 18-01 831-OO..()02
Para. 341.4.1(b)(I). Examination Nonnally Required , , 18-14 831-00-030
Para. 344. Types of Examination ,., , . 18-11 831-ClO-01S
Para. 344.2, Visual Examination , •......... , ,.,., . 18-17 831-00-043
Para, 345.2.2(a), Other Test Requirements , . 18-10 831-00-016
Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressure , " ,. 18-03 831-Q0.004
Para. 345.9.1, Alternative Leak Test , ,' , .. , ,. 18-15 831-00-031
Para. A328.2.1(b), 80nding Qualification Requirements , .. , , , , 18-05 831-00-009
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals, " , , . 18-12 831-00-028
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals , , . 17-09R 831-00-028
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds , . 18-07 831-00-011
214
Subject: ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, Para. 34l.3.4(a), Progressive Sampling for Examination
File: B3l-00-002
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, if a welding operator's weld is rejected
and the repair is made by another welding operator, does para. 341.3.3 require the repair weld be examined?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, may the two additional welds required by
para. 341.3.4(a) be examined at the same time as the above referenced repair weld?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness
File: B3l-00-003
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, para. 331.1.3, can the governing thickness
for the heat treatment of branch connection welds in Fig. 328.5.40 be calculated or determined by means
other than the formulas provided in para. 331.1.3(a)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B3l.3-l999 Edition, para. 331.1.3, shall the governing through-
weld thickness for the heat treatment of branch connection welds in accordance with Fig. 328.5.40 be
calculated in accordance with the formulas provided in para. 331.1.3(a), even if a dimension through the
weld may be greater than calculated by the formulas?
Reply (2): Yes.
215
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressure
File: B31-oo-004
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 345.4.2(b), when a piping system is
constructed of different materials, shall the stress values, Sr and S, from each of the individual points in
the system be used to calculate the required test pressure for that point in the system in accordance with
Eq. (24)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, when the required test pressure for individual
points in a piping system differ, and the system is tested as a whole, may any point in the piping system
be subjected to a pressure less than its required test pressure in accordance with Eq. (24)?
Reply (2): No, except as provided for in paras. 345.4.2(b), 345.4.2(c), and 345.4.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 331.2, Heat Treatment Specific Requirements
File: B31-oo-006
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, may alternative heat treatment methods or
exceptions be specified in the engineering design?
Reply: Yes. See para. 33 I .2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. A328.2.1 (b), Bonding Qualification Requirements
Date Issued: May 3 I, 2000
File: B31-oo-009
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. A328.2.1(b), does each material type,
using the same joining method, require a separate bonding procedure specification (BPS)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. A328.2.5 is a bonder or bonding
operator required to qualify for each material type listed in the BPS?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B3 I .3- I999 Edition, can a bonder qualification test pressure
for thermoplastics when using the hydrostatic test method, be less than the calculated test pressure in
accordance with A328.2.5(c)(l)?
Reply (3): No.
216
831.3 Interpretations No. 18 18·06, 18-07, 18-08
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 304.2.2, Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe
File: B3l-oo-0l0
Question (1): In accordance with para. 304.2.2, if a B16.9 elbow is modified by trimming it (e.g., a
standard 90 deg elbow trimmed to 75 or 15 deg), such that it no longer is in compliance with B16.9, must
it be qualified as an unlisted component in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is the pressure rating of a B16.9 fitting determined by the actual pipe to which it is attached?
Question (3): If the ends of a B16.9 or B16.l0 component have been taper bored, such that its length
no longer meets the length requirements of the component standard, must it be qualified by para. 304.7.2?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds
File: B3l-oo-011
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Table 341.3.2, what is the acceptance criteria
for surface porosity and exposed slag inclusions for weld thickness greater than 3/16 in.?
Reply: The Code does not require welds greater than 3/16 in. nominal thickness to be evaluated for these
imperfections.
Subject: ASME B31.3-l999 Edition, Para. 328.2.3, Performance Qualification by Others
File: B3l-oo-0l2
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 328.2.3, is it acceptable to use the date
furnished by a previous employer for the Welder Qualification Record as the date that the individual last
used the procedure on pressure piping when that date cannot be determined?
Reply: No.
217
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 3OO(c), General Statements
File: B3l-oo-013
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, should the designer use Eq. (1d) to assess
fatigue from two or more sources (e.g., thermal plus wave action)?
Question (2): When determining the allowable displacement stress range of high strength materials in
B31.3 piping, does B31.3 use the allowable stresses in Appendix A in Eqs. (1a) and (1b)?
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 345.2.2(a), Other Test Requirements
File: B31-oo-016
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, can the requirement of para. 345.2.2(a) be
satisfied by lowering the test pressure to the design pressure (multiplied by the ratio of the allowable stress
for the test temperature to the allowable stress for the design temperature) before examination for leaks?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 344, Types of Examination
Date Issued: November I, 2000
File: B3l-oo-025
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, in a weld that is visually examined for
Category D Fluid Service, shall incomplete penetration be judged only on indications at the root and/or
surface area?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2); In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, in a weld that is visually and/or radiographi-
cally examined for Normal Fluid Service, is it required that depth of incomplete penetration be determined
by radiography?
Reply (2); No.
218
831.3 Interpretations No. 18 18-12, 17-09R
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2oo0 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-oo-028
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, may welded austenitic stainless steel
pipe and fittings, with carbon content less than or equal to 0.1 % and furnished in the solution heat-treated
condition, be used at temperatures warmer than those listed in the Minimum Temperature Column of Table
A-I for the particular alloy in question without impact testing of the base metal?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4(a) apply
to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2ooo Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4 (b) apply
to welds performed on austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings, by both the manufacturer of the component
and the fabricator of the piping?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, does para. 323.2.2(f) apply to welds
(with or without filler metal added) that are not subsequently solution heat treated?
Reply (4): Yes.
Interpretation: 17-09R (Replaces 17-09)

Subject: ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
File: B31-00-028
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3b-1997 Addenda, are classes 12, 13, 22, and 23 of ASME
A671, A672, and A691 the only listed materials in the Code for these specifications?
Reply: Yes.
219
1S-13, 18-14, 1S-1S 831.3 Interpretations No. 18
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range
File: B31-oo-029
Question (1): In Accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, is it permissible for the allowable
displacement stress range calculated by Eq. (lb) to exceed the yield strength of the material at the maximum
metal temperature? '
Reply (1): Yes, see para. 319.2.3. Also, see para. 319.2.2 regarding cautions for unbalanced systems.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3a-2ooo Addenda provide specific requirements for earthquake loads
other than para. 301.5.3?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 341.4.I(b)(l), Examination Normally Required
File: B31-oo-030
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, if examination of a welder's work is satisfacto-
rily represented in accordance with the requirements of para. 341.4.1 (b)(I) when producing welds requiring
100% examination, must examination of his work also be represented in production requiring a lesser
degree of examination?
Reply: No, unless the welds requiring a lesser degree of examination are in a different designated lot.
Subject: ASME B31.3a-2oo0 Addenda, Para. 345.9.1, Alternative Leak Test
File: B31-oo-031
Question: In accordance with ASME B3I.3a-2ooo Addenda, when 100% radiography is required by
para. 345.9.1 for an alternative leak test, may 100% ultrasonic examination in accordance with para. 344.6
be used in place of radiography?
Reply: No.
220
CODE REFERENCE INDEX
(GENERAL NOTE: Code references are based on ASME 831.3-1990 or later Editions. References in brackets
are to previous Editions and Addenda.)
Reference Reference
Introduction 1-3,1-6,1-7,13-04 304.2.3 1-22,5-11

300 7-10,8-17 Fig. 304.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-22
300(b) 1-26, 1-32, 4-08, 5-03, 8-09, 10-11, 13-14 304.3 1-21,1-46,5-01,6-09
3OO(c) 3-2,3-4,4-10, 6-03R (Vol. 7), 7-05, 8-30, 304.3.2 4-05
13-02, 16-12, 18-09 304.3.3 4-03,7-02,8-06,8-37,11-10,12-05,14-10,
3OO(c) [300(e» 1-3, 1-6, 1-7 15-05, 17-26
300.1 7-10,8-17,9-06,12-20 Fig. 304.3.3 8-37
300.1.1 1-47, 1-52, 2-26, 3-1, 4-19, 6-01, 8-01, 9-02, 17-01 304.3.4 1-21, 1-37, 1-55, 1-75,2-27
Fig. 300.1.1 1-8,1-19,2-26,7-10,8-17 Fig.·304.3.4 1-70
300.1.3 [300.1.4) 1-8, 1-16, 1-19, 1-26, 3-2, 15-09 304.3.5 12-13
300.1.3(d) 10-05 304.5 3-4,9-07, 10-14
300.2 304.5.1 8-18
Category D Fluid Service 4-13,5-03,6-01 304.5.1 (b) 9-10
Category M Fluid Service. . . . .. 1-40, 1-73, 6-01, 8-09, 9-02 304.7.2 1-51, 3-2, 4-05, 5-05, 5-11, 6-09, 10-7, 10-11,
notch-sensitive 2-22 10-18, 12-09, 13-02, 13-03, 13-05, 13-11
owner 2-30 304.7.4 1-16
piping components . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-2, 8-01, 14-03, 17-23 305.2 . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-8, 3-9
piping system 1-30, 9-06 305.2.1 1-38
severe cyclic conditions 5-12,8-09 305.2.3 6-01,7-03
301 5-11 306.4 12-16
301.2 , 2-3, 7-01 306.4.2 11-03
301.2.1 2-29, 13-15 308.2.1 5-12
301.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-3, 17-07 308.2.4 5-12
301.3.1 10-02 311.2.4 6-02, 6-05
301.3.2 4-11 311.2.5 10-04
301.5.3 4-07 312 9-07
301.7.2 3-4 314.2.1 2-22
302 1-32 Table314.2.1 8-33,11-16
302.2 1-50 315.2 3-6
302.2.1 16-18 315.3 3-6
302.2.2 17-11 317.2 1-17
302.2.4 [302.2.3) 1-3,1-32,2-14,3-4,4-11,7-01,7-04, 318 8-13
8-04,14-09,17-12 Table 319.3.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9-01
302.2.5 13-15 319.2.1 2-17
302.3.2 1-18,1-38,2-16,3-13,8-25,11-05,16-04 319.2.3 7-04,7-05,12-06,18-13
302.3.4 2-20,17-14 319.3.1(b) ...................................•... 15-24
Table 302.3.4 1-42, 1-78, 2-20, 3-11 319.3.5 4-10
302.3.5 1-20, 1-50, 2-14, 2-15, 2-24, 3-4, 4-10, 4-12, 319.3.6 1-6, 1-7, 1-55, 2-24, 5-15, 13-05
6-03R (Vol. 7), 6-07, 7-04, 7-05, 8-16, 15-15, 16-11, 319.4.1 1-33,13-14
17-04,17-18,18-16 319.4.4 1-71, 2-7, 2-24
Table 302.3.5 16-10 319.7 1-16,7-05
302.3.6 1-50, 2-15, 2-16, 2-17 321.1.1 6-07
302.4 1-20 321.1.4 1-49
303 6-05 322.3 17-24
304.1.1 1-42, 1-54, 1-70, 13-07, 15-06, 15-10, 16-14 322.6.1 10-10,12-18
304.1.2 1-42, 1-57, 1-68, 1-70, 2-11, 10-20 322.6.3 1-32,2-21,2-29,7-01,12-04,14-09
304.2 15-14 323.1.1 8-19, 17-09R
304.2.2 •........................................ 18-06 323.1.2 1-11, 1-15, 1-48, 2-1, 6-06, 8-07, 8-19, 11-03,
15-04, 17-01, 17-08
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (al

Reference Reference
323.2 .......•.•.•..•.....•...••••........•........ 3-9 335.2.3 ..•..•...•............•................•. 17-20

323.2.1 .....................•.....•.•.....•...... 1-13 340.2 [336.1.2) ....•...........•.................. 1-26
323.2.2 ..................................• 15-12, 15-25 340.3 [336.3) 1-10,10-03
Fig. 323.2.2 . " .................•..............•.. 14-08 340.4 [336.2) 1-31,17-15
Table 323.2.2 [Table 323.2.1) 1-12, 1-48, 1-65, 1-76, 341 10-16,15-13
2-19,3-8,4-01,4-15,14-12, 15-11, 15-16, 18-12, 17-09R 341.2 [336.1.1, 336.1.3) 1-10, 1-26, 1-27, 2-28, 10-03
323.2.4 .•...........•.••......................... 6-06 341.3.1 [336.5) 1-64,2-4
323.3 •................•.................... , 1-76, 5-13 341.3.2 8-32
323.3.2 ..•....................•................. 11-12 Fig. 341.3.2 [Fig. 327.4.1) 5-09,13-16
Table 323.3.1 [Table 323.2.2) 1-12,1-76,4-17, Table 341.3.2 14-02,14-07,14-15,16-07,17-03,17-22,
5-19,5-21,8-29,10-2,11-12,15-23 18-07
323.3.4 .....•.•.•...•••.•••..............••....•• 8-30 [Table 327.4.1A) ......•.... 1-1,1-9,1-14,1-41,2-8,5-04,
323.3.5 ....•••...........•........................ 2-9 5-13,5-16,5-17,5-18,5-20,6-04,7-06
323.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-03 [Table 341.3.2A) 8-32,8-38,9-04,11-08,11-14,
323.4.2 10-01, 10-19 12-22, 13-16
Table 323.3.5 .............•.................•..... 5-14 341.3.3 14-14
Table 326.1 1-11,1-51,2-3,8-07,8-34 341.3.4 [336.5,336.5.4) 1-62,2-25,2-32,3-5,3-14,
328 7-02, 12-12 10-09, 10-12, 11-02, 11-04, 13-12, 16-01, 16-02, 16-05,
328.1 ....••.. . • . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. 12-07 18-01
328.2 [327.5) 1-66,11-09,14-13 341.4 [336.5) 1-24, 1-45, 3-12, 5-20, 11-01
328.2.1 [327.5.1,327.5.2) 1-76,4-17,8-29 341.4.1 [336.5.1) 1-10, 1-26, 1-27, 1-60, 2-12, 2-28,
328.2.2(g) 14-05 3-7, 3-12, 4-12, 5-10, 8-02, 8-10, 8-26, 10-03, 10-17,
328.2.3 15-19, 18-08 11-11,11-14,11-15,18-14
328.4 . . • . . . . . . . . • • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13-01 341.4.2 8-38
328.4.2 and Fig. 328.4.2 12-10 341.4.3 8-10
328.4.3 ......................•.................. 14-04 341.5 8-38
Fig. 328.4.4 ............•......•.•........... , 8-28, 9-08 341.5.1 [336.6.1) 1-5,3-12
328.5 [327.4) 5-09 342 15-21
328.5.1 [327.4.1) 5-17 342.1 [336.4.1) 2-28
328.5.2 [327.4.2) 5-12, 16-06 343 [336.4.1) 2-28
Fig. 328.5.2 [Fig. 327.4.2) 1-28, 5-12, 6-02, 6-05, 8-27, 344 [336.4) 5-09,16-13,18-11
15-08 344.1 13-12
328.5.4 [327.4.4) 1-59,1-74,2-10,4-03,4-14,7;08, 344.2 [336.4.2) 2-28,8-10,8-26,11-11,15-21,18-17
8-13, 10-04, 13-11 344.5 [336.4.5) 1-10,1-60,2-12
Fig. 328.5.4 [Fig. 327.4.4) 1-59,1-74,4-03,4-16,7-08 344.6 [336.4.6) 1-60
328.6 ..........................•..............•.. 2-18 344.6.2 .........•............................... 10-17
330 .•.......•................................... 8-21 344.7 [336.4.7) 2-28,3-14,12-01
330.1 8-23 344.7.1 11-11
Table 330.1.1 9-05 345 (337) 1-2,1-72,2-31,3-3,8-31,16-03,17-30
331 8-12 345.1 [337.1) 1-4,1-30,4-04,6-08,8-15,12-21
331.1.1 8-08, 9-05, 14-01 345.2.2 8-31,18-10
Table 331.1.1 [Table 331.3.1) 1-69,2-2,5-06,8-24, 345.2.3(i) 17-28
9-03,12-14,14-16,17-01 345.2.4 [337.4.3) 1-35
331.1.2 ; ..........•........................ 8-05 345.2.6 [337.1) 1-2, 5-22
331.1.3 [331.3.6) ........ 1-39,1-59,4-06,5-06,9-03,11-06, 345.3 [337.3) 2-6,3-10,5-02,12-03
14-01,15-18,17-21,17-13,18-02 345.4 , 8-04
331.1.4 [331.1.2) 5-08 345.4.1 12-19
331.1.6 [331.3.4) 5-08,16-09 345.4.2 [337.4.1) 1-35, 1-61, 1-63, 2-23, 4-04, 9-09,
331.1.7 [331.3.2) 1-78,8-22 13-13, 18-03
331.2 18-04 345.4.3 [337.4.2) 1-63
331.2.2 [331.1.1) 1-39,1-78 345.5 [337.4.4) 1-35,1-43,6-08,11-07,13-06
331.3.4 8-05 345.5.2 11-19
331.3.7 8-05 345.5.4 12-02
332.1 8-03 345.7 [337.5.2) 1-36
332.2 [329.1) 1-23, 1-53, 4-02, 8-20 345.8 [337.6) 1-25, 3-10, 17-02
332.2.2 16-08 345.9 [337.5.1) 4-09,5-07,6-08,8-15,10-15,12-01,
332.4 [329.3, 330.2) 2-2 12-21,15-02,17-05,17-10,18-15
332.4.2 11-03,15-17 A304 8-14
335.1.1 15-07,17-25 A304.1.1 14-17,14-18
335.2 , 2-5 A304.5.1 1-67
(b) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Reference Reference
A304.7.2 ...•.•.........................•........ 13-08 MA306.5 . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9-02

A305 ........................................•.. 11-17 MA323.4 . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. 9-02
A314 ...•.................•.......•.............. 8-33 MA323.4.2 8-35
A322.6 ...•........•............................ 17-29 c
Appendix A Notes (No equivalent) [(14)] .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-20
A323.4.2 10-06, 11-18 Note (17) 4-18
A327.2.4 ........................•............... , 7-09 Note (20) [(30)] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-77
A328.2(a) 10-8 Note (57) [(2)) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-58
A328.2.1 8-14, 18-05 Appendix A
Table A-1 [Table 1) 1-13,1-18,1-29,1-38,1-48,
A328.2.5 ......................•............... " 17-06
1-77,2-1,3-8,3-9,3-13,4-12,4-13,6-01,6-06,7-03,
A328.5 8-14,10-08,13-08
8-11, 8-18, 8-25, 8-34, 8-36, 11-13, 12-09, 15-01
K300(a) 17-16
Table A-1B [Table 1) ...•.••....... 1-78,2-20,4-18,7-03
K304.1.2 11-21,14-11
Appendix 0 1-6, 1-7, 1-34, 1-46, 1-55, 1-56, 1-71,
K314.2 ..•....•••.•.•..•....•.•.•.•.•..•.•...•.•. 17-19
2-7, 2-24, 4-16, 5-01, 5-15, 6-06, 12-08, 12-11,
K315 ••.•...•..•..•.•..•.....•.•.........•....... 7-07
12-17, 13-05, 18-18
K322.3 ..••.•..•.....•..•.••....•..•.••.......... , 7-07
Appendix E [Appendix K) 1-44,5-10
K328.2.1(a) 17-27 Appendix F [F323.2) 1-29
Fig. K328.5.4 ..•.•....•...•...•.•.•..•••....••.... 8-37 AppendiX G 5-12
M305.1 12-15 Appendix H 8-06, 11-10
M307.2 8-35 Appendix J 1-28, 1-54, 1-75, 5-04
M322.3 2-13,3-6 AppendiX M ;. 6-01, 8-09
M323.1.3 3-7 Appendix V 17-17
M326 , 2-13 Appendix X, X3.1.3 12-23
M335.4 [M335.5, M335.6) 3-6 Appendix X, X3.2.2 13-09
M341.4 [M336.5) 1-24,1-45 Appendix X, X302.2.3 15-22
M341.4.1 [M336.5.1l 2-28,3-7 Case 137 3-1
M345.1 6-08 Case 141 1-51
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (c)

SUBJECT INDEX
Acceptance Criteria Branch Connections (Cont'd)

pressure tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2 flexibility analysis " 9-01
weld 1-1,1-9,1-14,1-41,2-8,5-09,5-13,5-17, integrally reinforced fitting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-05, 11-10
5-18,5-20,6-04,7-06,8-32,12-22,13-16, projection into run pipe " 8-28, 9-03
14-02, 14-07 reinforcement 8-06,8-37,12-05,12-13,14-10,15-05
weld requirements 2-10,4-03,4-14,7-02,7-08,10-04,
Allowable Loads ....'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-06 13-11, 17-26
Allowable Stresses 4-12 Brazed joints

bases for 1-18,3-13,8-11,8-25,10-13,15-01 forflammable service. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-17
for ASTM A 312 1-29
forASTMA351 11-13 Buckles 1-23,1-53
for ASTM A 387 8-25
for ASTM A 570 1-38
for ASTM A 587 1-13 Cast Irons
for ASTM A 671 1-48 specific requirements 10-01
for ASTM B 464 8-11
for austenitic stainless steels 3-13 Category 0 Fluid Service
alternative pressure test for 1-36
Alterations of Piping 13-04 limitations , '" 4-13,5-03
radiographic examination 8-38
Alternative Tests see Leak Tests
Category M Fluid Service
Authorized Inspector see Owner's Inspector clarification of term 1-73, 9-02
double contained piping 8-35
leak test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6-08
Bellows 13-09 liquid oxygen 8~09
requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-35, 9-02, 12-15
Bending 4-02,8-03,15-17,16-08 tubing size limitations 2-13
Hvery small quantityH 1-40
Bends
corrugated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-23 Code Coverage
miter see Miter Bends B31.3 versus 831.4 1-47,7-10
reduction of outside diameter 8-20 fired heaters 15-09
general hydrocarbon service 6-01
Bonding Qualification Test in-line sensing devices 8-01
hot gas welded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-14 intent 16-12
minimum burst pressure 7-09,8-14 new and replacement piping , 5-22, 12-21
procedure specifications for plastic piping . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-08 offshore platform 8-17
requirements .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18-05 oil heating system 4-19
solvent cement "............. 8-14 radioactive fluids 12-20
synfuel plant piping I-52, 2-26
Bonds tobacco plant piping 3-1
heat fusion 8-14
hot gas welded . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . . . .. .. . . .. . .. 8-14 Components (see also Fittings, Flanges, Standard Components,
test assembly .. , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7-09 Unlisted and Valves)
certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-26, 3-7, 5-10, 13-10
BoltingMaterials 4-15,17-20 defining 17-23
design conditions 2-3
Branch Connections fabricated or flared laps .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. 11-03, 12-16
extruded outlets 1-37, 2-27, 6-09 in-line sensing devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-01
(d) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Components (see also Fittings, Flanges, Standard Components, Fillet Weld

Unlisted and Valves) (Cont'd) internal, slip-on flange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-27
referenced standards 1-44, 5-10 pressure containing 8-13
size , 1-74
Compresson use , 10-4
FlUings
internal piping 1-8 816.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1·7, 5-01
conforming to two grades 8-18
Corrugated Bends 1-23 flared, flareless, or compression types 3-6,12-16
MSS SP-75 1·11
Cyclic Loading , , .. 5-12, 17-04
Flammable Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 1·17
Design (see also Pressure Design) Flanges

additional design considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12-13 assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-5
conditions " 2-3 design 1-67, 3-4, 9-7
for stainless bellows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12-23 general 9-10
lame theory 1-57 long welding neck 4-05
minimum temperature 10-02 slip-on .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5·12, 8-27
use of aluminum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-51
use of raised and flat face metallic 9-07
Displacement Stress. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-14, 2-24, 12-06, 18-13
Flexibility Analysis
Earthquake see Seismic
exemptions from. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-33
qualification 13-05, 13-14
Empty System thermal expansion data 15-24
transportation 9-06
Flexibility Characteristic
Examination effect of branch to run diameters 1-56
acceptance criteria ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-07 for a tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-55, 1-56, 5-01
extent of 1·24, 5-18, 11-01 for components not listed in Appendix 0 1·55,2-24
in-process 3-14,11-15
liquid penetrant see Liquid Penetrant Examination Flexibility Facton
progressive see Progressive Examination basis for " 1-56
radiographic see Radiographic Examination for 816-9 tee 1-7,12-08,12·17
random ........•.. 1-27, 1-45, 1-62, 2-12, 2-32, 4-12, 11-15 for fabricated intersections , 1-6, 4·16, 5-1 5
records 11-11 for pressure piping components 13·05
required .. 1-24,1-60,6-04,11-14,11-15,15-13,15-21,18-14 for welded elbows 1-6
severe cyclic conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-17, 11-14
spot 1-62 Fluid Service
types 16-13,18-11 general hydrocarbon 6-01
visual see Visual Examination requirements, metallic 11-16,12·15,12-16,15-03
ultrasonic see Ultrasonic Examination reqUirements, nonmetallic 11-17, 11-18
responsibility for categorizing 4-08, 8-09
Exclusions
for compressors and internal piping 1-8 Graphitization
for interconnecting piping 1-19 temperature relative to onset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-58
listed in scope 10·5
Expansion Joints 1-16,12-23,13-09 Hardness

limitations on 2-2
Extruded Outlet records 8-22
pressure design of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-21, 1-70 testing 15-20
tees considered as 1-55
Heat filsion Joints 13-08
Extruded Welded Tee 5-01
Heat Treatment
cooling rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-69
Fatigue 18-09 for austenitic stainless steel 1-65
Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (e)

Heat Treatment (Cont'd) Lateral Fittings 1-6

for bending and forming 2-2
for flared laps 11-03 leak Tests
for valve parts , " 8-12 acceptance criteria .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2, 15-22, 16-03
governing thickness 1-39, 1-59, 4-06, 5-06, 11-06 alternative 4-09,5-07,6-08,8-'5,'2-01,'2-2','7-05,
heati ng rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 1-69 17-10, 18-15
local 5-08, 8-05 as nondestructive examination 8-31
monitoring 5-08, 8-05 for Category 0 fluid service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-36
requirements 8-08,8-21,8-23, 8-24, 9-03, 9-05, 12-14, for system designed for 0 psi " 2-31
14-01,14-16,15-18,18-04 isolation of test pump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2
SP-l through SP-5 8-24 leakage 1-4
when radiography is required 1-64, 2-4 minimum hydrostatic test pressure 2-23,4-04
minor repairs and additions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-2
Hydrostatic Tests see Leak Tests of discharge piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-72
of newly constructed systems 1-4, 5-02, 5-22, 8-15
of piping and vessel 1-63
Impact Tests of piping connecting equipment , 3-3
absorbed energy data 2-9 of replacement piping 5-22, 12-21
alternative methods 8-30 painting before test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-6, 3-10, 5-23
base metal 4-01, 11-12, 18-12 personnel qualification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-31
exclusions from 1-76, 5-14, 8-30 pneumatic test 11-07, 11-19, 12-02, 13-06
heat treatment reqUired 5-19 preparation for 2-6,3-10,5-02,5-23, 12-03
in qualifying procedures 8-29 reduced pressure (hydrostatic test) 1-61,2-23, 13-13
of aluminum filler metals " 2-19 requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-15, 13-13
of austenitic stainless steel " 1-65 sensitive 1-25, 17-02
of bolting materials " 4-15 temperature correction for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-35, 1-43
ofthe heat-affected zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-76, 5-21 test fluid 12-19
ofweldments 1-12,1-65,1-76,5-21 test pressu re 12-04
reqUirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-23, 17-09
temperature limitation 5-14,8-30, 14-12 lethal Substance 1-73
Imperfections (see also Acceptance Criteria) limitations

concave root surface 1-1, 6-04 on hardness " 2-2
determination of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-32 on imperfections see Imperfections
lack of fusion 5-09 on tubing size 2-13, 3-6
porosity '" . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. 1-9, 5-13, 5-16, 5-20
slag inclusion 5-20 liqujd Penetrant Examination
tungsten inclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-9, 5-17 requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11-14
undercutting 1-14,2-8,6-04
low Temperature Requirements see Impact Tests
Installed Piping " 1-30
Instrument Piping " 7-07, 8-01 Materials

API 5L 1-78, 2-4, 3-9, 3-11, 6-01, 6-06
Internal Piping, Equipment 1-8 API 5LX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-4, 11-05
ASTM A 234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-20
Joint Factors ASTM A 312 1-29,1-77,2-20
for ASTM A 234, ASTM A 312, ASTM A 403 2-20 ASTM A 351 11-13
for branch connections 8-06 ASTM A 387 8-25
for circumferential welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-42 ASTM A 403 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-77, 2-20
for longitudinal and spiral welds. . . . .. 1-78, 3-11, 8-06, 17-14 ASTM A 487 " '" '" .. '" 8-07
ASTM A 537 2-1
'oints ASTM A 570 " 1-38
alignment 15-07,17-25 ASTM A 587 1-13
circumferential bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-11 ASTM A 633 " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-11
exposed during test 2-6, 3-10 ASTM A 658 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-8
instrument tubing 7-07 ASTM A 671 1-48
special. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-13 ASTM B 241 '2-19
tapered pipe thread 16-1 5 ASTM B 337 4-18
threaded 11-16,17-19 ASTM B 464 8-11
(f) Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Materials (Confd) Pipe Supports (Confd)

austenitic stainless steels 3-13 longitudinal stress effects . . . . . . . . .. 7-05
bases for design stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11-05 use of plastic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-49
certification ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-10, 8-02, 13-10
conforming to two grades 8-18, 8-34 Plastic
listed 17-o9R, 17-11 lined pipe - use of screwed flanges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-33
notch sensitive 2-22 pipe supports 1-49
reidentification 8-19
toughness requirements 5-19 Pneumatic Tests , see leak Tests
unlisted material 11-05,11-20,15-04,17-01,17-08
Positions
Miter Bends qualification of welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-66
pressure design of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-22, 5-11
Postweld Heat Treatment see Heat Treatment
Near Straight Sawtooth Runs
explanation of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-33 Preheat see Heat Treatment
Nomenclature Pressure Design

d 1-54 allowance , " , 17-12
T 1-28 for elevated temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-4
In ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1-75 in the high pressure range .. .. .. . 1-68, 17-16
Tw •.•••..•..•..••..•••...•.•.•.••...••....• 5-04,5-16
of extruded headers 1-21, 1-70
of flanges and blanks 10-14,13-15
Nonmetallic Piping of miter bends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-21
fluid service requirements 11-17,11-18 of nonmetallic piping components 14-17,14-18
in Category M Fluid Service 8-35 of pipe 1-42, 1-54, 1-57, 1-68, 1-70, 2-11, 11-21, 13-07,
joint requirements 7-09,8-14 15-06, 15-10, 17-06
pressure design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-17, 14-18 of listed components 16-14,16-18
of unlisted components 13-02, 13-03, 13-05
Notch Sensitive of valves 8-04, 13-15
materials 2-22
Pressure Rating
valve 8-04
Occasional Variations
variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
(PressurelTemperature Allowances) 1-3, 2-14, 4-11
loads 1-50,2-15,2-16,2-17
Pressure Relief Devices
acceptable devices , 2-21,2-29
Owner
and test pressure. . . . . . . . .. 11-07, 11-19, 12-04, 14-09, 18-03
responsibilites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-26, 2-30, 5-22
requirements 17-29
setting 1-32, 7-01, 12-04
Owner's Inspector
stop valves 10-10,12-18
qualifications of 1-31
responsibilities of 1-26
Pressure Surges
loads due to 1-50
Pipe
alterations of existing pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13-04 Pressure-Temperature Rating 5-05, 8-34
curved and mitred segments 15-14, 18-06
elbowless 8-03 Pressure Test see leak Test
in corroded condition 2-15
instrument 17-24 Progressive Examination 1-5, 1-62, 3-5, 10-09, 10-10,
made from plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-48, 8-36 10-12, 11-02, 11-04, 13-12, 16-01, 16-02, 16-05, 18-01
of noncircular cross section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-2
pressure design 13-07, 14-09 Published Specification 1-15
pressure testing , 9-09
spiral welded 7-03
straight, under internal pressure 10-20, 11-21, 14-11 Radiographic Examination
100% 5-09
Pipe Supports as supplementary examination 8-38
configurations ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6-07 random radiography. . . . . .. 1-27, 1-45, 1-62, 2-12, 2-32, 3-12
Cumulative Index - B31.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (g)

Radiosraphic Examination (Confd) Stresses (Confd)

records 1-10 reduction factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-10
requirements 6-04,11-01,11-05,12-03
selection of welds for examination 2-25 Stress Intensification Factors
spot radiography. . . .. . .. .. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .. . 1-62, 3-12 application of 1-34, 2-24, 6-03R (Vol. 7)
when PWHT is required 1-64,2-4 basis for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-56
Records for 816.9 tees ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-7
certification .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 5-10, 8-02, 10-03 for fabricated intersections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-6, 5-15
for radiographic examination. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-10 for tees 1-46, 1-55, 1-71, 5-01, 12-08, 12-17
of examinations 11-11 for unlisted components 13-05
of hardness tests 8-22 for welded elbows 1-6, 12-11.
retention of .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1 0
Reinforcement, Branch Temperature

attachment weld " 4-03, 7-08 allowance 17-12
clarification ofterms 1-37, 11-10 bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16-08
limits of 2-27, 9-04 design minimum temperature ..... 10-02, 14-08, 14-12, 15-11,
15-16,17-07
Repain large changes 8-09
to welds 2-18 limitations 4-13,5-14,15-12,15-25
reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
verification 16-09
Responsibility
variation in elevated temperature service 17-17
designer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-11
rights of owner's inspection 10-03, 17-15
Thermoplastic Piping
neat fusion joints 13-08
Safeguarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5-12 solvent cemented joints 10-8
specific requirements 10-06
Scope see Code Coverage
Tubing
category M fluid service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 16-17
Seismic Loads " 4-07
joints 7-07
stresses due to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-17 limitations 2-13,3-6
Severe Cyclic Conditions Thickness Allowances

cyclic loading " 5-12 governing 17-13,17-21,18-02
large rapid temperature change . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. 8-09 in stress calculations 1-20
spiral welded pipe 7-03 welding tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18-18
Simplified Flexibility Analysis 1-33
Standard Components in place of radiography 11-05
manufacturers markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-7, 8-02 requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10-17
valves 5-05, 8-04, 8-07
Unlisted
Standards components .... 1-6,1-51,3-6,4-05,5-05,8-7,10-18,10-11,
compliance 5-10 10-07, 12-09, 13-02, 13-03, 13-05
superseded 1-44 materials see Materials
Stresses (see also Allowable Stresses) Valves

displacement stress range 7-04, 12-06 Category M Fluid Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-35
due to cold spring 8-16 Flanged Ball Valves 16-16
due to occasional loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-16 materials 8-07, 15-26
due to pressure surges 1-50 pressure build up 8-04
due to seismic loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-1 7 rati ngs 5-05
due to sustained loads 15-15, 16-04, 16-11
due to thermal gradients 3-4 Visual Examination
longitudinal , 1-20, 1-50, 2-15, 2-24, 4-10, 4-12, internal 8-10, 8-26, 13-16
6-03R (Vol. 7), 6-07, 7-05, 8-16, 17-18, 18-16 requirements 2-28, 10-03; 13-16, 18-17
(h) Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18

Intepretation No. Interpretation No.
Washen, Use of '" , 2-5 qualification of position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. 1-66

reinforcement 7·08, 11-08
repair 2-18
Weld socket 6-02, 6-05, 10-19, 15-08, 16-06
acceptance criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17-03, 17-22, 18-07 spacing of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7-02
bevels 12-10
definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14-03 Welder Qualification
examination of welds ...... 10-15,11-01,11-14,13-16,14-14, by others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-19, 18-08
14-15,15-02 requirements , .17-27
fillet size 1-74, 10-19, 16-06
for branch connections 2-10, 4-03, 4-14, 8-37, 11-10 Welding Procedure
imperfections see Acceptance Criteria qualification of 1-12,1-65,1-66,1-76,4-17,8-23,8-29,
longitudinal , 2-20,3-11,4-18 11-09, 14-05, 14-13
of valves , 12-12 responsibility , 12-07,12-12
preparation for welding 13-01, 14-04 specification 8-21, 8-22
Cumulative Index - 831.3 Interpretations Vols. 1-18 (i)

ASME 831.3

General Information
revisions to the Code may have superseded the reply. These interpretations are not part of the
Code.
These replies are taken verbatim from the original1etters, except for a few typographical and
reply bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented.
Appendix Z.
Numerical and Subject Indexes

1-1
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 6i2:l
No reproduction may be made ofthis material without ....Titten consent of ASME. ~
831.3
Para. 300, General Statements . 19-11 B31-02-02436

Paras. 300(c)(3) and 304.7.2, Radiographic Survey Plugs . 19-48 B31-03-01455
Para. 300(c)(5), Gas Pressure Reducing Station . 19-31 B31-03-00062
Para. 300.2, Definition of Fluid Service . 19-34 B31-03-00437
Para. 302, Unlisted Component . 19-03 B31-01-o37
Para. 302.2.2, Pressure Ratings . 19-02 B31-01-o36
Para. 302.2.3, Unlisted Components . 19-19 B31-o2-03075
Para. 302.3.2(a)(3), Bases for Design Stresses . 19-37 B31-o3-00694
Para. 302.3.2(d), Bases for Design Stresses . 19-38 B31-03-00734
Para. 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stress Due to Occasional Loads . 19-18 B31-02-03074
Para. 304.3.1(a)(2), Branch Connections , . 19-33 B31-03-00429
Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks . 19-12 B31-o2-02440
Para. 304.7.2, Metric Size Piping Components . 19-29 B31-02-04110
Para. 318.2.2, Mechanical Interlock . 19-45 B31-03-Q1345
Para. 319.3.1(a), Thermal Expansion Data . 19-40 B31-03-00829
Para. 321.1.4(e), Piping Support Materials . 19-36 B31-o3-00482
Para. 322.6.3, Reference to BPV Section VIII, Division 1, Para. UG-128 . 19-41 B31-03-00827
Para. 323.1, Materials and Specifications . 19-28 B31-02-04056
Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials . 19-27 B31-02-o3884
Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits . 19-47 B31-03-01347
Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for
Metals and Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Criteria . 19-21 B31-02-03629
Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Tests for Metals . 19-35 B31-03-00479
Para. 323.2.2(d), Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials . 19-39 B31-03-00821
Table 326.1, Partial Compliance ASME B16.9 Fittings . 19-14 B31-02-03069
Fig. 328, Weld End Configurations . 19-16 B31-02-03071
Para. 328.2.1, Welding Qualification . 19-22 B31-02-o3631
Para. 328.2.2(i), Welding Qualification . 19-26 B31-02-03819
Para. 328.5.2, Fillet and Socket Welds . 19-20 B31-o2-03076
Paras. 331.1.1, Heat Treatment Requirements and 341.3.1, General . 19-15 531-02-03070
Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness . 19-24 B31-02-03634
Paras. 332.1, General and 332.4, Required Heat Treatment . 19-04 B31-01-038
Paras. 341 and 345, Repair or Replacement of Piping . 19-49 B31-03-01441
Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Production Welds . 19-05 B31-01-039
Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Extent of Required Examination . 19-42 B31-03-00828
Paras. 344.2.1, Definition and 344.7, In-Process Examination . 19-17 B31-o2-03073
Para. 345, Testing . 19-30 B31-02-04197
Paras. 345, Testing and 345.2.6, Repairs or Additions After Leak Testing . 19-23 B31-02-03632
Para. 345.2.5, Leak Test . 19-44 B31-03-01343
Para. 345.4, Hydrostatic Leak Test . 19-25 B31-o2-03683
Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressures . 19-10 B31-02-02434
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test . 19-32 B31-03-00264
Para. 345.8, Sensitive Leak Test . 19-06 531-01-047
Para. MA323.4, Nonmetallic Materials . 19-08 B31-01-053
Para. K323.1.2, Allowable Stress Values . 19-09 B31-01-006
Table A-I, Allowable Stress Values for Carbon Steel Piping " . 19-46 B31-03-Q1346
Table A-I, Figure 323.2.2A, Impact Testing . 19-43 B31-03-00906
Appendix 5, Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure Tables for Norunetals . 19-13 B31-02-02441
Appendix E, Later Editions . 19-01 B31-01-035
1-2
19-01, 19-02, 19-03 ASME B31.3-2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Appendix E, Later Editions

File: B31-01-o35
Question: May later editions/addenda of a section of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code than that listed in Appendix E be used for construction in accordance with B31.3?
Reply: No, unless specified in the engineering design. See para. 300(c).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 302.2.2, Pressure Ratings

File: B31-01-o36
Question: May components manufactured in accordance with standards listed in Table 326.1,
which state pressure-temperature ratings are based on straight seamless pipe, have their pressure
ratings established in accordance with para. 302.2.2?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 302, Unlisted Component

File: B31-o1-037
Question: Mayan unlisted component, such as a clamp connector designed by the rules of the
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VITI, Division 1, Appendix 24, be in a 831.3
piping system?
Reply: Yes, provided that it meets all of the applicable requirements of the B31.3 Code, including
para. 302.2.3.
1-3
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I!lIs2
ASME 831.3-2004 19-04. 19·05
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 332.1, General and Para. 332.4, Required Heat
Treatment
File: B31-01-o38
Question (1): May pipe be bent using both hot and cold methods simultaneously on the same
bend, such as might occur during the induction bending process?
Reply (1): Yes.
process), is heat treatment required after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.17
Reply (2): Yes.
process), is heat treatment required after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.2 if none of the
conditions in para. 332.4.2(a), (b), or (c) exist?
Reply (3): No; however, heat treatment would be required in accordance with para. 332.4.1.
Question (4): For materials other than P-Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, and lOa materials in which pipe is bent
using both hot and methods simultaneously on the same bend (such as might occur during the
induction bending process), is heat treatment after bending in accordance with para. 332.4.2
required if none of the conditions in paras. 332.4.2(a), (b), or (c) exist?
Reply (4): No, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
Subject: B31.3-1999 (2000 Addenda), Para. 341.4.1(b)(I), Production Welds

File: B31-01-o39
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, 2000 Addenda, para. 341.4.1(b)(I), do
production welds include both shop and field welding?
Reply: Yes.
1-4
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. t:9P.:l
19·06, 19·07, 19·08 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. 345.8, Sensitive Leak Test
File: B31-o1-047
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Addenda (a), does the Gas and
Bubble Test method specified in para. 345.8 refer to the Bubble Test - Direct Pressure Technique
specified in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article 10?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Addenda (a), must the Bubble
Test - Direct Pressure Technique specified in Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article
10 demonstrate a sensitivity of at least 10.3 atm-ml/sec to meet the requirements of a sensitive
leak test in para. 345.8?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-01-048
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, may ASTM A 350 LF2 material be
used at temperatures below -50°F with no further impact testing?
Reply: Yes, provided that the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) and Fig. 323.2.2B are met. See
also para. F301.
Subject: B31.3-1999, 2000 Addenda, Para. MA323.4, Nonmetallic Materials

File: B31-01-053
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 (2000 Addenda), does para. MA323.4 prohibit
reinforced thermosetting resin (RTR) or borosilicate glass piping?
Reply: No.
1-5
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent ofASME. ~
ASME 831.3·2004 19·09. 19·10
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2000 Addenda), Para. K323.1.2, Allowable Stress Values
File: B31-Ot-006
Question: Is it the intent of ASME B31.3a-2000, para. K323.1.2 to require that the allowable
stress value at design temperature for an unlisted alloy steel pipe material for a High Pressure
Fluid Service application not exceed the lower of two-thirds of the specified minimum yield
strength at room temperature, and two-thirds of the yield strength at temperature, in accordance
with para. K302.3.2(d)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), Para. 345.4.2, Test Pressures

File: B31-02-o2434
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), must the minimum
hydrostatic test pressure for flanges and flanged valves be calculated in accordance with equa-
tion (24)?
Reply (1): Yes, except when para. 345.4.2(c) applies.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20Ot Addenda), may the designer,
owner, or end user waive the requirements of para. 345.4.2?
Reply (2): No.
1-6
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I1I)i'
19-11, 19·12 ASME 831.3-2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition and 2001 Addenda, Para. 300, General Statements
File: B31-02-02436
ity of the owner to establish the design requirements necessary for determining the piping design
loads?
ity of the designer to determine the piping design based upon design requirements established
by the owner?
Question (3): Does the Code define the excessive and harmful effects of vibration referenced
in para. 301.5.4?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): Does para. 301.5.4 require complete elimination of vibration?

Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does B31.3 permit the designer to determine acceptance criteria for loads and
conditions where no such criteria are provided by the Code?
Reply (5): Yes, with acceptance by the owner; see para. 3OO(c)(3). Also see para. 3OO(c)(5).
Question (6): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. I<323.2.4(a),
when a designer uses an unlisted material, or when a listed material is to be used above the
highest temperature for which stress values appear in Appendix K, shall the designer demonstrate
the validity of the allowable stresses and other design limits to the owner?
Reply (6): Yes. See para. 300(b)(2).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 304.5, Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks
File: B31-02-02440
Question (1): Mayan ASME B16.5 blind flange be bored and used as a lapped flange in B31.3
piping systems without meeting the requirements of para. 304.5.1?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Maya lapped flange be fabricated from plate for use in B31.3 piping systems?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the design meets the requirements of para. 304.5.1.
1-7
ASME 831.3-2004 19-13, 19-14, 19·15
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Appendix B, Stress Tables and Allowable Pressure
Tables for Nonmetals
File: B31-o2-o2441
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may hydrostatic
design stresses (HDS) be extrapolated for temperatures outside the range listed in Appendix B?
Reply (I): No.
Question (2): In accordance with B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may hydrostatic design
stresses (HDS) exceeding those listed in Appendix B be used for pressure design calculations?
Reply (2): Yes, if developed in accordance with paras. A302.3.2 and A323.2.1.
Question (3): In accordance with B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), may plastic materials not
listed in Appendix B be used in pressure-containing piping components?
Reply (3): Yes. See para. A323.
Intepretation: 19·14
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition, Table 326.1, Partial Compliance ASME B16.9 Fittings
File: B31-02-o3069
Question: According to ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, maya partial compliance fitting as defined
in ASME BI6.9-1993 Edition be considered a listed component?
Reply: Yes, see para. 326.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 331.1.1, Heat Treatment Requirements and
Para. 341.3.1, General
File: B31-02-o3070
Question (I): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. 331.1.1(c} is
the term "final welds" defined?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), para. 341.3.1, is
NDE examination of piping constructed of PI or P2 materials required to be performed after
final heat treatment?
Reply (2): No.
1-8
19-16, 19-17, 19·18, 19·19 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Fig. 328, Weld End Configurations
File: B31-02-03071
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), is it required that the
weld end configurations be identical on both sides of the weld?
Reply: No, except that a combination of the configuration types must meet the requirements
of the WPS. See para. 328.4.2(a)(2).
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 344.2.1, Definition and Para. 344.7, In-Process
Examination
File: B31-D2-03073
require the examiner to be present 100% of the time during all welding operations?
Reply (1): No.
require the examiner to be present 100% of the time for in-process examination described in para.
344.71
Reply (2): No, but the examiner must be present to examine points (a) through (g), as applicable,
for the entire weld.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 302.3.6, Limits of Calculated Stress Due to
Occasional Loads
File: B31-02-03074
Question: Does para. 302.3.6(a) include occasional internal pressure loads (e.g., surges, spikes,
peaks, and water hammer) in the summation of longitudinal stresses due to sustained and
occasional loads?
Reply: Yes. In addition, all pressure variations must meet the requirements of para. 302.2.4.
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 302.2.3, Unlisted Components

File: B31-02-03075
Question: When qualifying an unlisted component for use in a B31.3 piping system by calcula-
tion under para. 302.2.3, shall the calculations be based on the B31.3 allowable stresses?
Reply: Yes.
1-9
ASME 831.3·2004 19-20, 19·21, 19·22
Subject: B31.3-1999 Edition (2001 Addenda), Para. 328.5.2, Fillet and Socket Welds
File: B31-o2-o3076
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition (20ot Addenda), paras. 328.5.2(a)
and 328.5.2(b), maya slip-on flange be welded on the face side and intermittent welded on the
hub side?
Reply (1): No.
permit slip-on flanges to be welded on the face side, with the back side (hub side) stitch welded
(intermittent welded) when qualified in accordance with para. 300(c)(3)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for
Metals and Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Criteria
File: B31-02-o3629
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a welding procedure has been qualified
by impact testing for service at a temperature of -49°C in accordance with para. 323.3, but the
base material and weld material were impact tested at a warmer temperature in accordance with
their respective material specifications, may the weld procedure be used for service at temperatures
as low as -49°C?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is it a requirement of ASME B31.3-2oo2 that the same brand and batch number
of material, as used in weld procedure qualification impact testing, be used for production welds?
Reply (2): No. See Note (2) of Table 323.2.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 328.2.1, Welding Qualification

File: B31-02-o3631
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, does an original WPS need to be revised to
include any changed nonessential variable?
Reply: Yes. See para. 328.2.1 and BPV Code Section IX.
1-10
19·23, 19-24, 19·25 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 345, Testing and Para. 345.2.6, Repairs or Additions After Leak
Testing
File: 831-02-03632
Question (1): Is it the intent of ASME 831.3-2002, para. 345 that structural attachment welds
to piping be examined for leaks during hydrostatic test, pneumatic test, combination hydrostatic-
pneumatic test, or sensitive leak test?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Is it the intent of ASME 831.3-2002, para. 345.2.6 that structural attachments to
piping, following leak testing, be considered an "addition" that may not require retesting as long
as precautionary measures are taken to assure sound construction and the owner agrees?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the additions are minor.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 331.1.3, Governing Thickness

File: 831-02-03634
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, para. 331.1.3, is postweld heat treatment
required for branch connection welds when the thickness of the components at the joint is greater
than the nominal thickness listed in Table 331.1.1, but the thickness through the weld in any
plane is less than two times the nominal wall thickness listed?
Reply: No. See para. 331.1.3(a).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 345.4, Hydrostatic Leak Test

File: 831-02-03683
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, is it permitted to hydrotest at a lower pressure

than required by para. 345.4 because 831.3 piping is connected to piping constructed to another
ASME 831 Code which allows a lower hydrotest pressure?
Reply: No.
1-11
ASME 831.3-2004 19-26. 19-27. 19-28, 19-29
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Para. 328.2.2(i), Welding Qualification

File: B31-02-D3819
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 (2001 Addenda), para. 328.2.2(i), when using
welding procedures qualified by others, must all welders qualified to a specific WPS be qualified
by bend testing under BPV Section IX, para. QW-302?
Reply: No. Only one welder must be qualified to the specific WPS by the requirements of BPV
Section IX, para. QW-302. All others may be qualified in accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 328.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.1.2, Unlisted Materials

File: B31-D2-D3884
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 permit a material not listed in Appendix A to be used in
the design of a pressure containing system?
Reply: Yes. See para. 323.1.2.
Intepretation: 19-28
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.1, Materials and Specifications

File: B31-02-Q4056
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 require maintenance of traceability to a heat number marking
of a component that is removed or rendered unreadable during the fabrication process?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 304.7.2, Metric Size Piping Components

Date lssued: May 29, 2003
File: B31-02-D41l0
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if unlisted components are qualified for use
in B31.3 piping systems in accordance with para. 304.7.2 in IPS sizes, are they also qualified in
metric sizes?
Reply: It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to determine that the fittings are qualified,
considering para. 304.7.2(e}.
1-12
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '1tlS2
19-30, 19-31, 19·32 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 345, Testing

File: B31-o2-04197
test impractical for reasons listed in para. 345.1(b) for non-jacketed pipe subject to external
pressure, and substitutes a pneumatic leak test, do the provisions of para. 345.2.4 take precedence
over the test pressure prescribed in para. 345.5.4?
Reply (1): Yes.
test impractical, for reasons listed in para. 345.1(b) for jacketed pipe subject to external pressure,
and substitutes a pneumatic test, do the provisions of para. 345.2.4 take precedence over the test
pressure prescribed in para. 345.5.4?
Reply (2): Yes and see the provisions of para. 345.2.5.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, are the requirements of para. 345.2.4 to be
applied to hydrostatic leak testing exclusively?
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a pipe is to be subjected to a hydrostatic

leak test in accordance with para. 345.2.4, must the Sr/S ratio of equation (24) be considered?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 300(c)(5), Gas Pressure Reducing Station

File: B31-03-ooo62
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, is it reqUired to apply ASME B31.1, para.
122.8.1 for a Gas Pressure Reducing Station that is specified to be designed to B31.3?
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test

File: B31-03-o0264
Question: Does ASME B31-3-2oo2 provide procedures for pneumatic testing other than those
shown in para. 345.5?
Reply: No.
1-13
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &I
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '1IS6'
ASME 831.3·2004 19-33, 19-34, 19·35
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 304.3.1(a)(2), Branch Connections

File: B31-o3-o0429
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, are couplings (socket welded or threaded)
pennitted for use as branch connections?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 304.3.1(a)(2).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, may couplings used as branch connections
be attached using fillet welds?
Reply (2): No. See para. 328.5.4(d).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 300.2, Definition of Fluid Service

File: B31-o3-o0437
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, is it pennissible to categorize piping

conveying a flammable fluid service as Category D fluid service?
Reply (1): No. See para. 300.2, definition of fluid service, subparagraph (a).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, do circumferential butt welds made by
automatic orbital welding method or any other welding method require NDE in piping containing
flammable fluid?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table 323.2.2, Requirements for Low Temperature Tests for Metals
File: B31-03-o0479
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 pennit fabrication of a piping system with a design minimum
temperature of -50°F with filler material in accordance with a specification with a recommended
minimum of -20°F?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2 are satisfied.
1-14
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dit:.'l
19·36, 19·37, 19·38 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 321.1.4(e), Piping Support Materials

File: 831-03-00482
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, para. 321.1.4(e), is it required that attachment
material welded to the pipe have the same properties and composition as the pipe material?
Reply: No. See para. 321.3.2 for additional requirements for welded attachments and para.
328.5 for welding requirements.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 302.3.2(a)(3), Bases for Design Stresses

File: B31-03-00694
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002, para. 302.3.2(a)(3) require, for bolting material whose strength
has been enhanced by heat treatment or strain hardening, for temperatures below the creep range,
the values of allowable stress for the material in the annealed condition [determined in accordance
with paras. 302.3.2(a)(1) and (2)] be used if it is greater than the value for the strain hardened
or heat treated bolt determined in accordance with para. 302.3.2(c)(3)?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 302.3.2(d), 8ases for Design Stresses

File: 831-03-00734
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2, for a listed carbon steel material, may the
measured tensile strength and measured yield strength as shown in the Material Test Report be
used to establish the basic allowable stress values at room temperature per para. 302.3.2, instead
of using the basic allowable stress values in Appendix A?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, if a material conforms to a listed material
and also to a published unlisted material (Le., dual certified) which has higher specified minimum
strengths, may the allowable stresses be determined using para. 323.1.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
1-15
ASME 831.3-2004 19-39, 19-40, 19-41
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.2.2(d), Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-03-o0821
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, para. 323.2.2(d), may Fig. 323.2.2B be
applied to carbon steel materials which have a numerical value listed in the Minimum Temperature
column of Table A-I?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, do the additional requirements in paras.
323.2.2(d)(1)(a) and 323.2.2(d)(I)(b) apply to carbon steel materials covered by para. 323.2.2(a)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 319.3.1(a), Thermal Expansion Data

File: B31-o3-o0829
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002, does the phrase "maximum metal tempera-
ture...for the thermal cycle under analysis" in para. 319.3.1(a) require the use of the design
temperature (defined in accordance with para. 301.3) in "determining total displacement strains
for computing the stress range" SE?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 322.6.3, Reference to BPY Section VIII, Division I, Para. UG-128
File: B31-03-o0827
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if the appropriate engineering calculations are
performed in accordance with para. 300(c)(3) to ensure that a smaller relief device has the capacity
to relieve the pressure generated, can a relief device smaller than NPS 1~ be used in accordance
with para. 322.6.3, considering the reference to the BPY Code Section VIII, Division I, UG-128?
Reply: Yes, provided the component meets all other requirements of B31.3.
1-16
19·42, 19-43 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Para. 341.4.1(b)(1), Extent of Required Examination

Date Issued: May 29/ 2003
File: B31-03-Q0828
that is visually examined by radiography internally and externally, and then examined, is it
required that both the criteria (depth and length) for incomplete penetration in Table 341.3.2 be
evaluated for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
and is examined by radiography, is it required that both the criteria (depth and length) for
incomplete penetration in Table 341.3.2 be evaluated for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (2): Yes.
and is examined by radiography, is it acceptable to apply only the criteria for length for incomplete
penetration in accordance with Table 341.3.2/ for acceptance of the weld?
Reply (3): No, all listed types of weld imperfection must be evaluated.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, for girth or miter groove weld that
does not have access to examine the weld internally and is visually acceptable externally, and is
examined by radiography, is it acceptable to determine the depth of incomplete penetration in
accordance with Table 341.3.2/ by density comparison of incomplete penetration to the density
of the wall thickness on the radiograph?
penetration.
and is examined by radiography, if the depth of the incomplete penetration is indeterminable
visually, does the weld meet the requirement for the depth of incomplete penetration?
penetration.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Table A-l, Fig. 323.2.2A, Impact Testing
Date Issued: October 9/ 2003
File: B31-03-Q0906
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, does a material with a letter designation
in the Minimum Temperature column of Table A-I require impact testing when the temperature/
material thickness combination falls below the curve of Fig. 323.2.2A for the specified letter
designation?
Reply: Yes. See para. 323.2.2(c), unless exemptions apply.
1-17
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I:(I)t
ASME 831.3-2004 19-44, 19-45, 19-46
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 345.2.5, Leak Test

File: B31-03-D1343
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, when a leak test is applied to jacketed pipe
where the leak test is to be based upon a critical external design pressure in accordance with
para. 345.2.5(a), is the internal test pressure to be in accordance with para. 345.2.4 regardless of
whether the leak test is hydrostatic, pneumatic, or hydrostatic-pneumatic?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 318.2.2, Mechanical Interlock

File: B31-03-D1345
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, would a joint in which the mechanical strength
is developed by crimping a female part onto a pipe or tube qualify as having a mechanical
interlock in accordance with para. 318.2.2?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Table A-I, Allowable Stress Values for Carbon Steel Piping
File: B31-03-D1346
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, do Table A-I allowable stress values for carbon
steel piping contain a built-in allowance for loss of tensile strength at temperatures below 204°C
(400°F)?
Reply: For the design stress bases, see para. 302.3.
1-18
Copyright @ 2005 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. ~
19-47, 19-48, 19·49 ASME 831.3·2004
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits

File: B31-o3-01347
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, when using a reduced stress ratio per Fig.
323.2.2B to permit use of non-impact tested materials per para. 323.2.2(d), can the hydrostatic
test required by para. 323.2.2(d)(1)(a) be substituted with the pneumatic test as permitted by
para. 345.1(b)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a material is exempt from impact testing
because the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) are satisfied, are welds and heat affected zones
required to be tested per Table 323.2.2, Column A (b)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Paras. 300(c)(3) and 304.7.2, Radiographic Survey Plugs
File: B31-03-01455
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 permit the use of plugs threaded into the pipe wall, such as
might be used for radiographic surveys?
Reply: Yes, provided all of the requirements of ASME B31.3 are met, including the reinforcement
requirements of para. 304.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002, Paras. 341 and 345, Repair or Replacement of Piping
File: B31-03-01441
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 apply to the repair of piping or piping components which
have been placed into service?
Reply (1): No. See para. 300(c)(2).
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 apply to the replacement of piping or piping components
which have been placed into service?
Reply (2): The Code does not address replacement.
1-19
ASME 831.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendix Z.

Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Enginee~s. c!i?:l

831.3
Allowances With Owner's Approval . 20-22 B31-05-45

Appendix A, Note (76) . 20-29 B31-05-388
Appendix A, Table A-I, 321 Stainless Steel Stresses . 20-32 B31-05-405
Applicability of Ultrasound Testing for Heavy Thick Piping . 20-09 B31-04-00497
Chapter VIII, Piping for Category M Fluid Service . 20-23 B31-05-107
Chapter IX, Thickness Umitations . 20-41 B31-05-1209
Clarification of Seamless Pipe . 20-04 B31-04-00414
Combining Displacements . 20-45 B31-05-1213
Coverage of Ozone Gas . 20-08 B31-04-00496
Design Stress for Bolts. . . . . 20-12 B31-04-01129
Duration of Occasional Loads . 20-50 B31-05-1307
Examination and Quality Factor for Longitudinal Welds . 20-34 B31-05-455
Fig. 323.2.2B . 20-13 B31-04-0113O
Figs. 328.5.2B and 328.5.2C, Slip-On and Socket Welds . 20-01 B31-03-01912
Hydrostatic Testing . 20-47 B31-05-1223
Interpretation 17-10 . 20-43 B31-05-1211
Minimum Thickness for Test Blanks . 20-17 B31-04-01293
Para. 3OO(c)(3) . 20-38 B31-05-1142
Paras. 3OO.1.1(b), 300(c)(4), 3OO(c)(5), 345.1, and 345.8, Vacuum Box
Testing of Piping Field Welds . 20-18 B31-04-01294
Para. 301.1(c) and (d) . 20-40 B31-05-1208
Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations . 20-03 B31-04-00412
Para. 302.2.4 . 20-51 B31-05-1308
Para. 302.3 . 20-25 B31-05-179
Para. 302.3.5, Umits on Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained Loads and
Displacement Strains . 20-02 B31-03-01915
Para. 304.7.2 . 20-26 B31-05-18O
Para. 304.7.2 . 20-37 B31-05-1141
Para. 314, Threaded Joints . 20-48 B31-05-1305
Para. 323.2.2 . 20-31 B31-05-404
Paras. 328.2.1 and 328.2.2 . 20-19 B31-03-1913
Para. 328.5.3, Seal Welds . 20-05 B31-04-00416
Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections . 13-11E B31-94-037
Para. 331 . 20-39 B31-05-1147
Para. 340.4 . 20-33 B31-05-454
Para. 345.2.2, Visual Examination of Fillet Weld . 20-35 B31-05-477
Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination for Leaks . 20-46 B31-05-1222
Para. 345.2.3, Piping Subassemblies . 20-24 B31-05-157,
B31-05-319
Para. 345.2.3(c), Testing of Closure Welds . 20-07 B31-04-00438
Paras. 345.2.6 and 345.9.1(b), Leak Testing and Examination of Welds . 20-06 B31-04-00417
Para. 345.3.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Pipe . 20-28 B31-05-329
Para. K303, Use of B16.9 Buttwelding Fittings . 20-21 B31-05-34
Paras. M314.2.2 and M335.3.3, and Fig. 335.3.3(a) . 20-36 B31-05-786
Performing Digital Radiography . 20-42 B31-05-1210
PWHT Requirements . 20-44 B31-05-1212
Qualifying the Heat Input for Impact Testing . . . . . . . 20-14 831-04-01131
Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedure Qualified Thickness Range and HAZ Impact
Location . 20-10 831-04-00498
Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria . 20-16 B31-04-0125O
Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria . 20-20 B31-04-1250
Table A326.1, Applicability of ASTM F 1281, F 1282, and F 1974 . 20-30 B31-05-391
Use of Sh for Occasional Stress Evaluation . 20-49 B31-05-1306

Interpretation: n-l1E
Subject: ASME B31.3-1993 Edition, Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections

File: B31-94-037
throat thickness required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
para. 304.7.2 or MSS SP-97 and para. 328.5.4(d)
Note: In the Reply, the cross-reference to MSS SP-97 has been corrected by errata.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Figs. 328.5.2B and 328.5.2C, Slip-On and Socket Welds
File: B31-03-01912
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, is the Yt6 in. approximate gap
shown in Fig. 328.5.2B and Fig. 328.5.2C required to be present before any welding, including
tack welding?
Reply (1): Yes; also see interpretations 6-02, question (1); 10-19; and 16-06.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, can radiography be used to ascertain
the "Yt6 in. approximate gap before welding" shown in Fig. 328.5.2B and Fig. 328.5.2C?
Reply (2): The Code does not specify or restrict the methodology to determine this dimension.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Para. 302.3.5, Limits on Calculated Stresses Due to Sustained
File: B31-o3-01915
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, para. 302.3.5(c), shall sustained
load stresses be evaluated separately from the displacement stress ranges of para. 302.3.5(d)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, para. 302.3.6(a), shall sustained
plus occasional load stresses be evaluated separately from the displacement stress ranges of para.
302.3.5(d)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of ~echanical Engineers diQ

CNo reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Varia-
tions
File: 831-04-00412
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, does para. 302.2.4 apply to pressure
transients caused by water hammer?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In a fluid transient due to water hammer, there can be many pressure cycles in
the piping response. In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, must all cycles in which the
pressure exceeds the pressure rating or the calculated pressure stress exceeds the allowable stress
be considered with respect to the 1,000 cycle limit in para. 302.2.4(d)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, may the number of cycles of the
variation exceed 1,000 if justified by a more rigorous analysis in accordance with para. 3OO(c)(3)?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Clarification of Seamless Pipe

File: 831-04-00414
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, can a seamless pipe that has been cut
longitudinally and reassembled by welding be considered as seamless pipe for the purpose of
determining the weld joint quality factor?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 328.5.3, Seal Welds

File: 831-04-00416
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 328.5.3, address sealing a threaded connection
by brazing?
Reply: No.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.!i),;,

Subject: ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, Paras. 345.2.6 and 345.9.1(b), Leak Testing and Examination
of Welds
File: B31-04-00417
Question: Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition require 100% liquid penetrant or magnetic particle
examination of the seal welds applied at hydrostatic test vents and drains after the acceptance
of hydrostatic test results?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.3(c), Testing of Closure Welds

File: B31-04-00438
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, if piping subassemblies meet
the requirements specified in para. 345.2.3(c), are there any fluid service limitations to piping
subassemblies for which closure welds are performed?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition permit a completed piping system, consisting of
piping subassemblies, to have more than one closure weld if all subassemblies have been tested
in accordance with para. 345.2.3 and all closure welds are examined in accordance with para.
345.2.3(c)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Coverage of Ozone Gas

File: B31-04-00496
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition provide coverage for ozone gas piping?
Reply: Yes; see the Introduction of ASME 831.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Applicability of Ultrasound Testing for Heavy Thick Piping
File: B31-04-00497
able substitute for radiography for a piping system utilizing Class 2500 components that has
been classified as high pressure piping in accordance with para. K300?
able substitute for radiography for a piping system utilizing Class 2500 components if the system
has not been classified as high pressure piping in accordance with para. K300?
Reply (2): Yes; see paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 341.4.3(b), and M341.4(b)(1).
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers r.li).;,

Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedure Qualified Thickness Range
and HAZ Impact Location
File: 831-04-00498
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, when a material with a pipe wall
thickness of ~ in. requires impact testing per the requirements of para. 323.3, is the qualified
base metal thickness range for production welding, per A-5(a) of Table 323.3.1, ~ to %in.?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, may the one required set of three
HAZ (CVN) impact specimens, per the requirements of A-4, A-5, and 6 of Table 323.3.1, be taken
at any depth location of the pipe wall thickness?
Reply (2): Yes.

File: B31-04-00499
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 345.2.3, maya component be
considered a piping subassembly?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Design Stress for Bolts

File: B31-04-01129
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition specify what loads to consider when calculating a
bolt stress to compare to the design stress values for bolting materials?
Reply: No, except for flanges; see para. 304.5.1.
Copyright © 2007 by the Amcrican Societ; of Mcchanical Engincers, di>.:.

CNo reproduction may be made o[this material without written consent of ASME. C(G
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Fig. 323.2.2B

File: B31-04-01130
carbon steels at a Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
temperature, provided the stress ratio defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is less than 1 and the MDMT is
not colder than -104°C (-155°F)?
Reply (1): Yes.
of impact-tested duplex stainless steels, UN5 531803, impact tested at -46°C (-50°F), in the same
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Qualifying the Heat Input for Impact Testing
File: B31-04-01131
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition require that all the requirements of ASME BPV Code,
Section IX, be complied with for a WPS requiring impact testing?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 323.2.2, Lower Temperature Limits, Listed Materials
File: B31-04-01207
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit a temperature reduction calculated in accordance with Fig.
323.2.2B to be applied for carbon steels covered in 323.2.2(a) that have a minimum temperature
listed in Table A-1?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria

File: B31-04-01250
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, when 100% radiographic examination
and no further acceptance criteria are specified for Normal Fluid Service, is it required that
the acceptance criteria for severe cyclic conditions as noted in Table 341.3.2 be applied to the
examination?
Reply: No, the requirements of Normal Fluid Service apply.

( No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Minimum Thickness for Test Blanks

File: B31-04-01293
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address required thickness for blanks or closures
installed only for a pneumatic or hydrostatic leak test?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address required thickness for permanent blanks
and closures?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, Paras. 300. 1.1 (b), 300(c)(4), 300(c)(5), 345.1, and 345.8, Vacuum
Box Testing of Piping Field Welds
File: B31-04-01294
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-1996 Edition permit performing the Alternative Leak Test
method in accordance with para. 345.9 in lieu of hydrostatic or pneumatic testing for Normal
Fluid Service piping that does not satisfy the conditions of para. 345.1(c)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.8, is it acceptable to
perform a leak test in accordance with BPV Code, Section V, Article 10, Appendix II, Bubble
Test - Vacuum Box Technique?
Reply (2): Yes, provided it has a demonstrated sensitivity of not less than 10-3 atm-ml/sec.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-1996 Edition, para. 345.8, if leak testing in
accordance with BPV Code, Section V, Article 10, Appendix II, Bubble Test - Vacuum Box
Technique, is it acceptable to test piping with a 60 psig or greater design pressure at less than
15 psi differential pressure?
Reply (3): No.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmcers r:<ib

( _No reproduction may bc made of this material without written consent of ASME ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Paras. 328.2.1 and 328.2.2

File: 831-03-1913
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, para. 328.2.1, by referencing BPV Code Section
IX, permit the use of Standard Welding Procedure Specifications, compliant with the requirements
of BPV Code, Section IX, Article V, in ASME B31.3 applications?
Reply (1): Yes, if they satisfy all the requirements of ASME B31.3, including the qualification
requirements in para. 328.2.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, para. 328.2.2 apply to Standard Welding Procedure
Specifications compliant with the requirements of 8PV Code, Section IX, Article V?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, do the rules of "discreet demonstra-
tion" of 8PV Code, Section IX, Article V comply with the requirements of para. 328.2.2(i)?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Table 341.3.2, Radiography Acceptance Criteria

File: B31-04-1250
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition require more stringent examination acceptance criteria
for sour and hydrogen service designated as Normal Fluid Service than for other services desig-
nated as Normal Fluid Service?
Reply: No. See paras. 300(c)(5) and F323.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, Para. K303, Use of B16.9 8uttwelding Fittings
File: 831-05-34
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, mayan ASME 816.9 fitting for which
the design pressure has been established by proof testing in accordance with ASME 816.9 be
used in Chapter IX service?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table K326.1, Note (2) are met.
Copyright © :!007 by the American Society of Mechanical Englfleers ~

Subject: Allowances With Owner's Approval

File: B31-0S-4S
Question (1): With the owner's approval, as described in ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para.
302.2.4(f)(1), is it permissible to exceed the pressure rating or the allowable stress for pressure
design at temperature as described in para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(a) when the variation is self-limiting
(e.g., due to a pressure relieving event)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-1999 Edition, para. 302.2.4(f)(2), permit exceeding the pressure
rating or the allowable stress for pressure design at the temperature at the increased condition
without owner's approval?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Chapter VIII, Piping for Category M Fluid Service
File: B31-0S-107
Question (1): If an ASME BPV Code Section VIII vessel has been determined to be in "lethal
substance" service, must the attached B31.3 piping system be classified as Category M Fluid
Service?
Reply (1): No; see para. 300(b)(1).
Question (2): Is Appendix M of B31.3 mandatory?

Reply (2): No; see Table 300.4. However, see the definition of fluid service in para. 300.2.
Question (3): Is the Code user responsible for considering applicable items in Appendix M?
Reply (3): Yes; see Note (2) of Table 300.4.
Subject: ASME B31.3-1998 Addenda to 1996 Edition, and B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.3, Piping
Subassemblies
File: B31-oS-1S7 and B31-oS-319
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition define "subassemblies" the same way as it defines
"piping components"?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3c-1998 Addenda and ASME B31.3-2002 Edition,
does para. 34S.2.3(a) allow piping components to be independently tested as required by para.
345.1, and then assembled and placed into service with no additional leak testing?
Reply (2): No, unless the system is assembled with flanged joints or closure welds as described
in paras. 34S.2.3(b) and (c).


File: 831-05-179
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition establish a preference in the selection of listed versus
unlisted components?
Reply: No.

File: 831-05-180
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 304.7.2, require calculations consistent with
the design criteria of the Code be performed and that these calculations be substantiated by
means of (a), (b), (c), or (d)?
Reply: Yes.

File: 831-05-328
Question: Does the ASME 831.3-2002 Edition definition of a piping subassembly require that
it be in the installed position?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.3.1, Hydrostatic Testing of Pipe

File: 831-05-329
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, can buried pipe be leak tested without
visual examination of joints?
Reply: No, unless the joints have been previously tested. See para. 345.3.1.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Appendix A, Note (76)

File: 831-05-388
Question: Does Note (76) apply only to the materials for which Note (76) is specified in
Table A-I?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the Amcrican Society of Mcchanical Engincers ~

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASME ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Table A326.1, Applicability of ASTM F 1281, F 1282, and F 1974
File: 831-05-391
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition allow the use of products meeting ASTM F 1281, F
1282, and F 1974 in compressed gas service?
Reply: Yes. See para. A302.2.3 and Appendix F, para. FA323.4(b).

File: B31..Q5-404
Question (1): For welded (with filler metal added) austenitic stainless steel pipe or fitting
material intended for service with a minimum design metal temperature that is warmer than
the minimum temperature allowed by Table A-I but colder than -20°F, do the requirements of
block A-4(b) of Table 323.2.2 apply?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): If it is required that the stainless steel pipe or fitting manufacturer conduct impact
tests of the weld metal deposits, may the provisions of Note (2) of Table 323.2.2, allowing impact
tests performed as part of the weld procedure qualification, be used to fully satisfy all the impact
test requirements of para. 323.2.2?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): If the stainless steel pipe or fitting manufacturer uses the impact tests performed
as part of the weld procedure qualification to satisfy all the provisions of para. 323.2.2, do the
provisions of block A-I of Table 323.3.1 apply?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): For austenitic stainless steel applications in ASME 831.3, are manufacturer's
welding procedure specifications and procedure qualifications necessary for any specifications
welded with filler metal?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): When welding procedure specifications and procedure qualifications that include
qualification of the welding procedure by impact testing are produced by the manufacturer when
producing austenitic stainless steel weld pipe or fittings, may those procedure specifications and
qualifications be used to satisfy the requirements of Table 323.2.2?
Reply (5): Yes.

Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Appendix A, Table A-I, 321 Stainless Steel Stresses
File: 831-05-405
Question (1): Should the allowable stress for A 403 WP321 fittings conforming to ASME 816.9,
such as elbows and tees, be per A 312 TP321 pipe?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Should the wall thickness for seamless fittings conforming to ASME 816.9, manu-
factured to A 403 WP321, be calculated based on the allowable stress value for A 403 WP321
material?
Reply (2): Yes.

File: 831-05-454
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 340.4, do the qualification
requirements of the owner's inspector apply to the individual designated as the owner's inspector?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, para. 340.4(b), do the qualification
requirements of the owner's inspector apply to the organization employing the inspector?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, Examination and Quality Factor for Longitudinal Welds
File: 831-05-455
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3) and examined per
para. 341.4.1(b), does a joint factor, Ej , of 0.80 apply?
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3), examined per para.
341.4.1(b), and radiographed per para 341.5.1(a), does a joint factor, Ej, of 0.90 apply?
made as part of pipe fabrication are visually examined per para. 341.4.1(a)(3) and 100% radio-
graphed per para. 344.5.1 and Table 341.3.2, does a joint factor, Ej , of 1.00 apply?

Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.2, Visual Examination of Fillet Weld
File: B31-05-477
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition require, when a structural attachment is fillet welded
on one side, that the opposite side of the structural attachment be left exposed for examination
during leak testing?
Reply: No. See also interpretation 19-23.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Paras. M314.2.2 and M335.3.3, and Fig. 335.3.3(a)
File: B31-05-786
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31-3-2004 Edition, may straight thread, O-ring style
connection fittings be used in Category M fluid service?
Reply (1): Yes, provided that they meet the requirements of the Code, including para. M314.2.2
and para. M335.3.3.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, is demonstrating leak tightness
sufficient to qualify use of fittings such as those shown in Fig. 335.3.3(a) for use in Category M
Fluid Service?
Reply (2): No.

File: B31-05-1141
Question (1): When qualifying unlisted components for pressure design using ASME B31.3-2004
Edition, para. 304.7.2(d), using the rules of BPVC Section VIII-I, UG-101, may the designer make
analogies among related materials in accordance with para. 304.7.2(e)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2004 Edition define related materials as used in para. 304.7.2(e)?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Para. 300(c)(3)

File: B31-05-1142
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, maya designer apply a more rigorous
analysis to qualify a design that deviates from specific requirements of the Code?
Reply: Yes. See para. 300(c)(3).
Copyright © 2007 by the American Socie~ of Mechanical Engineers. 6i>-,

C No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, Para. 331

File: 831-05-1147
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, are the longitudinal seams of
welded seam pipe and seams in welded seam fittings subject to the postweld heat treatment
requirements of para. 331?
Reply (1): Yes, provided the welds are made in accordance with para. 328.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, do the postweld heat treatment
requirements of para. 331 apply to listed components?
Reply (2): No, unless otherwise required by the notes for Appendix A or specified in the
engineering design.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Paras. 301.1(c) and (d)

File: B31-05-1208
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, does the successful completion of
an engineering program that is equivalent to 2 years of full-time study meet the engineering
associate's degree requirement of para. 301.1(c)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the "experience in the design of related pressure piping" requirement in
para. 301.1(d) differ from the requirements in paras. 301.1(a), (b), and (c)?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3-2002 Edition address the initiation of experience in para. 301.1?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Chapter IX, Thickness Limitations

File: 831-05-1209
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 Edition, when qualifying a welding procedure
for High Pressure Fluid Service, does the range of material thicknesses specified in Table K323.3.1
apply to determine the number of impact test pieces required?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © :!007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.!i?:I

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. I'lilZ
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, Performing Digital Radiography

File: 831-05-1210
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, para. 344, is the use of digital radiogra-
phy permitted?
Reply: Yes, provided the methodology meets the requirements of para. 344.5.1.
Subject: ASME 831.3, Interpretation 17-10

File: 831-05-1211
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2002 Edition, has the Code been changed to supersede
the response to inquiry 17-107
Reply: Interpretation 17-10 applies to ASME 831.3-1997 Edition, Addendum b. Subsequently,
the Code was revised to reflect the present wording.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, PWHT Requirements

File: 831-05-1212
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, Table 331.1.1, for P-No. 1 material,
can a weld procedure qualified to ASME Section IX that has a weld joint thickness range from
0.0625 in. to 2.00 in. be used without postweld heat treatment for a butt groove weld joint with
a thickness greater than 74 in.?
Reply: No; see para. 328.2.1(c).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004 Edition, Combining Displacements

File: 831-05-1213
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, are strains caused by cyclic support
displacements during seismic events considered to be externally imposed displacements in accor-
dance with para. 319.2.1(c)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, shall externally imposed displace-
ment strains, excluding single cycle events, be considered in conjunction with thermal displace-
ment strains?
Reply (2): Yes; see para. 319.2.1(d).
(- Copyright © 2007 by the American Socie; of Mechanical Engineers ~

~'oduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 631.3-2002 Edition, Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination for Leaks

File: 631-05-1222
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2002 Edition, does the 10 min minimum hold time
referenced in para. 345.2.2 apply to both hydrostatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.4.2
and pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.5.4?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Hydrostatic Testing

File: 631-05-1223
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, are both a sensitive leak test and a
hydrostatic, pneumatic, or hydrostatic-pneumatic leak test required for Category M piping?
Reply: Yes; see para. M345.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Para. 314, Threaded Joints

File: 631-05-1305
Question (1): Does ASME 631.3-2004 Edition advise against using the relative motion of threaded
connections (i.e., to screw and unscrew some fraction of a tum) to provide flexibility for thermal
expansion?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 314.1(c).
Question (2): Does ASME 631.3-2004 Edition prohibit the practice of using the relative motion
of threaded connections to provide flexibility for thermal expansion?
Reply (2): No, provided the relative motion does not cause leakage at the joint, as required by
para. 319.1.1.
Subject: ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, Use of Sh for Occasional Stress Evaluation

File: 631-05-1306
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2004 Edition, when a piping system operates at
multiple sets of coincident operating temperatures and pressures, and the system may at any
random moment be loaded with an occasional load such as earthquake, wind, or pressure relief,
should all coincident operating pressures and temperatures expected during operation be consid-
ered and shall the basic allowable stress used in para. 302.3.6 be based on the applicable tempera-
ture for each condition?
Reply: Yes.
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers r.!il:t

Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 Edition, Duration of Occasional Loads

File: B31-05-1307
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2002 Edition address the duration of a load in qualifying the load
as being occasional in para. 302.3.6?
Reply: No.

File: B31-05-1308
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4 Edition, para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(a), is the 33% over-
pressure allowance for no more than 10 hr at anyone time and no more than 100 hr/yr applicable
to pressure relieving events?
Reply: Yes, provided all other applicable requirements of para. 302.2.4 are met.
- _ _.._--.Id..8.-_.__ _ _.._ _ _
ASME 831.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendix Z.

tip to and including the present volume, and will be updated with each volume.
1-1
831.3
Appendix M and Para. 301.3.1, Temperature Limits for Category D Fluid

Service . 21-47 07-1482
Duration of Occasional Loads . 21-08 06-379
Fig. 323.2.2B, Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without
Impact Testing . 21-40 07-1359
Para. 300.1, Buried Piping . 21-07 06-377
Para. 300.1.1, Content and Coverage . 21-32 06-1197
Para. 300.1.3(d), Scope . 21-22 06-1101
Para. 300.2, Flammable Service . 21-25 06-1104
Para. 300.2, Inline Piping Components . 21-24 06-1103
Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations . 21-45 07-1397
Para. 302.3.4, Table 302.3.4, and Table AI-B, Weld Joint Quality Factor . 21-37 07-1356
Para. 302.3.5(e) and Appendix A, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor,
W . 21-35 07-505
Para. 304.1.1(b), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe, Maximum and Nominal
Thread Depth . 21-38 07-1357
Paras. 304.1.2, Design of Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure and 304.2.1,
Pipe Bends . 21-13 06-1091
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections . 21-39 07-1358
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components . 21-34 07-504
Paras. 304.7.2 and 328.5.4(d), Partial Penetration Welding . 21-02 06-297
Para. 305.2.3, Material for Severe Cyclic Conditions . 21-29 06-1191
Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range . 21-09 06-387
Para. 319.3.1(b), Flexibility Analysis Thermal Expansion Data , 21-16 06-1094
Para. 319.3.2, Properties for Flexibility Analysis . 21-26 06-1105
Paras. 321.1.4(c) and 323.2.2(d), Piping Support Materials . 21-41 07-1360
Para. 323.2.2; Fig. 323.2.2A; and Table A-I, Note (6); Lower Temperature
Limits for Impact Tests . 21-28 06-1185
Paras. 323.3.1 and K323.3.1, and Table K323.3.1, Impact Testing . 21-18 06-1097
Para. 328.6, Weld Repair and Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment . 21-19 06-1098
Para. 331, Heat Treatment Requirements . 21-46 07-1398
Para. 335.2.3, Bolt Length of Flanged Joints . 21-14 06-1092
Para. 341, Examination . 21-17 06-1096
Para. 341.3.1(a), Examinations and Postweld Heat Treatment . 21-48 07-1483
Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination for Category D Service . 21-23 06-1102
Para. 341.4.1, Examination of Welds . 21-04 06-299
Paras. 341.4.1(b)(I), 344.2.2, and 344.7.1, Examination Records . 21-20 06-1099
Paras. 342.1 and 342.2, Examination Personnel . 21-05 06-374
Para. 345.2.2, Leak Testing, Other Test Requirements . 21-42 07-1361
Para. 345.2.2(a), Duration of Leak Test . 21-11 06-258,
06-295,
06-296
Para. A302.2.4, Pressure Allowances for Nonmetallic Piping . 21-33 07-502
Para. A323.4.2, Fluid Service for Nonmetallic Piping . 21-31 06-1196
Para. A323.4.2(a)(3), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic
Materials . 21-30 06-1194
Para. A328, Bonding Procedure Specification for Plastic Piping . 21-15 06-1093
Paras. K323.l.5, Product Analysis and K346.2(b), Required Records . 21-03 06-298
Para. K323.3.5 and Table K323.3.5, Impact Testing for High Pressure
Piping . 21-27 06-1184
Paras. M319 and MA319, Piping Flexibility . 21-21 06-1100
Table 302.3.4, Weld Joint Quality Factor . 21-06 06-375
Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests and Table 323.3.1,
Impact Testing Required for Metals . 21-01 06-253
Table 323.2.2, A-4(b), Impact Testing of Weld Metal and Heat Affected
Zone . 21-43 07-1362
Table 331.1.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel Pipe . 21-12 06-372
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds - Internal Protrusions . 21·44 07-1363
1-2
Iftterpretlltion: 21·01
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests and Table 323.3.1,
Impact Testing Required for Metals
File: 06-253
Question (1): In ASME B31.3, Table 323.3.1, does the term manufacturer in Column A refer to
the manufacturer of the piping component?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 require additional impact testing of ASTM A 333 Grade 6
material if the assigned minimum temperature is -46°C (-51°P)?
Reply (2): Yes, unless the exemptions in Table 323.2.2, B-3 apply.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3require the manufacturer to perform impact testing at tempera-
tures below the requirements described in the material specification?
Reply (3): ASME B31.3 does not address who should do the additional testing.
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3 require that the manufacturer, who as part of its manufacture
utilizes girth welds to join ASTM A 333 Grade 6 pipe, perform impact testing if the minimum
temperature is -35°C (-31 °P)?
Reply (4): Yes, unless exemptions in Table 323.2.2, A-3(b) apply.
Interpretlltlon: 21·02
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. 304.7.2 and 328.5.4(d), Partial Penetration Welding
Pile: 06-297
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 permit partial penetration for branch connection groove
welds?
Reply (1): No; see para. 328.5.4(d).
Question (2): In accordance with ASMEB31.3-2004, what is the effective weld throat thickness
required for a proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fitting?
Reply (2): The thickness is as required by the design qualified in accordance with para. 304.7.2
or MSS SP-97, and para. 328.5.4(d).
Ihterpretatlon: 21·03
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. K323.1.5, Product Analysis and K346.2(b), Required Records
IJ)ate Issued: March 29, 2006
File: 06-298
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require any Certified Material Test Reports (CMTR)?
Reply: No; however, see paras. K323.1.5 and K346.2(b).
1-3
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. '15'
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 341.4.1, Examination of Welds

File: CJ6-299
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341.4.1(b)(1), must welds to be examined
be seliected to ensure that each welding process used by each welder or welding operator doing
the production welding is represented?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 342.1 and 342.2, Examination Personnel

File: CJ6-374
machine also perform in-process examination of the production work?
Reply (1): No; see para. 342.2.
machine also perform examination of the production work other than in-process examination?
Reply (2): Yes, if qualified in accordance with para. 342.1.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341, may the examiner be employed
by the contractor/manufacturer?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Table 302.3.4, Weld Joint Quality Factor

File: 06-375
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, can the weld joint quality factor of API 5L
SAW,GMAW, or combined GMAW/SAW welded pipe be increased to 1.00 by 100% radiography
of the weld?
Reply: The Code does not address increasing the weld joint quality factor of API 5L SAW,
GMAW, or combined GMAW/SAW welded pipe.
1-4
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &i>.l
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 300.1, Buried Piping

File: 06-377
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 apply to buried piping?

Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2oo2 provide rules for design of buried piping for overburden
and surface live loads?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Duration of Occasional Loads

File: 06-379
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 specify or provide guidelines for the duration of occasional
loads?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 319.2.3, Displacement Stress Range

File: 06-387
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the duration of an operating cycle be considered
when evaluating displacement stress range in accordance with para. 319.2.3?
Reply: No.
'ttterpretation: 21-10
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.3(c), Leak Testing of Closure Welds

Date Issued: March 29,2006
File: 06-388
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 require the owner's approval to apply the closure weld
provisions described in para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply: No.
1-5
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dI2:l
Inte~retation: 21·11
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.2(a), Duration of Leak Test

File: 06-258, 06-295, 06-296
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, does a pressure test of less than 10-min duration
by the pipe manufacturer satisfy the requirements of the required leak test in para. 345?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 331.1.1, Requirements for Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel Pipe
File: 06-372
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, is PWHT re2uired for circumferential joints
in API 5L X65 pipe when the thickness is greater than 19 mm (~ in.)?
Reply: Yes, unless the provisions of para. 331.2.2 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Paras. 304.1.2, Design of Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure and
304.2.1, Pipe Bends
File: 06-1091
Question (1): ASME B31.3-2004, para. 304.1.2 provides two equations to calculate pressure
design thickness for straight pipe, eq. (3a) and eq. (3b), the former using the outside diameter
and the latter using the inside diameter. Do these two equations yield the same results?
Reply (1): Yes, when the corrosion allowance in para. 304.1.1 is applied to the inside diameter
of the pipe.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, para. 304.2.1, may the minimum required
thickness of the extrados of a bend, after bending, in its finished form, as calculated by eq. (3e),
be less than as required for straight pipe by eq. (3a)?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the requirements of para. 304.2.1 are met.
Intertretation: 21-14
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Para. 335.2.3, Bolt Lengths of Flanged Joints

DateIssued: September 20, 2006
File: 06-1092
~estion: Does the term bolt as used in ASME B31.3-2004, para. 335.2.3 include bolts, bolt
studs, studs, and cap screws?
Reply: Yes; see para. 309. Also see Interpretation 17-20.
1-6
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. dib
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002and B31.3-2004,Para. A328, Bonding Procedure Specification for Plastic
Piping
File: 06-1093
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2oo4, must all items in paras.
A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and paras. A328.4(a) through (e) be specified in the bonding procedure
specifications (BPS)?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2oo4, maya range be specified
for some of the items in paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and paras. A328.4(a) through (e)?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2004, must the test assembly
required by para. A328.2.5(a) be tested within the ranges specified for some of the items required
by paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9), paras. A328.4(a) through (e), and any additional items in
the BPS?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002 and B31.3-2004, if the required items in a
BPS per paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9), A328.4(a) through (e), and any other items listed are
specified as a range, does Chapter VII set range limits for those items?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, for the items required by
paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and A328.4(a) through (e), are ranges required to be specified
for any of those items?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): Does ASME B31.3 describe what information is required to be included in the
procedure qualification record (PQR) other than the dates and results of the bonding procedure
specification (BPS)?
Reply (6): No.
Question (7): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2oo4, when items, in addition
to those required by paras. A328.2.1(b)(1) through (9) and A328.4(a) through (e), are specified in
a BPS, must all those items be followed when fabricating the BPS qualification test assembly?
Reply (7): Yes, if the additional requirements are applicable.
Question (8): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002and B31.3-2004, when making a BPS qualifi-
cation test assembly in accordance with para. A328.2.5(c)(2), may three times the piping system
design pressure be used for PT in lieu of three times the manufacturer's allowable pressure for
the components being joined?
Reply (8): No.
Question (9): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, when performing a BPS
qualification test for RTR or RPM materials, and the materials for the piping and the component
have different specified manufacturer's allowable pressures, can either the lower or higher of the
two pressures be used for the calculation of PT?
1-7
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. &I.:l
Question (10): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, is it required to write a
BPS for bonding each material formulation to other material formulations if a specific material
listed in Chapter VII is manufactured to meet multiple chemical formulations?
Reply (10): No.
Question (11): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2 and B31.3-2004, is it required to perform
a BPS qualification test for bonding each material formulation to other material formulations if
a specific material listed in Chapter VII is manufactured to multiple chemical formulations?
Reply (11): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo2, Para. 319.3.1(b), Flexibility Analysis Thermal Expansion Data
File: 06-1094
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo2,para. 319.3.1(b), does the phrase "at maximum
(or minimum) temperature for the thermal cycle under analysis" require the use of the highest
(or lowest) anticipated metal temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 341, Examination

File: 06-1096
Question (1): Are WPS qualified in accordance with ASME BPV Section IX acceptable for use
in ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): Yes, provided they were qualified in accordance with the applicable provisions of
para. 328.2.1.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2004specify the mechanism for qualifying examination proce-
dures and which results are required to be recorded?
Reply (2): Yes; see paras. 343 and 344.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require visual examination of the assembly of threaded,
bolted, and other joints to satisfy the applicable requirements of paras. 335, A335, M335, MA335,
and K335?
Reply (3): Yes;see paras. 341.4.1(a)(4), A341.4.1(a)(4), 341.4.3(a)(2), M341.4(a)(2), MA341.2(a)(2),
and J1(341.4.1(a)(3).
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3-2004 require visual examination of fabrication (see para. 300.2
for d.finition of fabrication)?
Reply (4): Yes.See paras. 341.1(a)(2), 343.1(a)(1), A341.1(a)(2), M341.4(a)(1), K341(a)(2),and 344.2.
1-8
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &iQ
hlterpretation: 21·18
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 323.3.1 and K323.3.1, and Table K323.3.1, Impact Testing
File: 06-1097
Question: When performing impact tests to qualify a welding procedure, does the range of
material thickness specified in Table 323.3.1 apply?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 328.6, Weld Repair and Table 331.1.1, Postweld Heat Treatment
File: 06-1098
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require heat treatment of weld repairs that are less than
or equal to 19 mm (% in.) deep in a P-No. 1 material that was required to be heat treated in
accordance with Table 331.1.1 or the engineering design prior to examination?
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require heat treatment of weld repairs that are greater
than 19 mm (% in.) deep in a P-No. 1 material that was required to be heat treated in accordance
with Table 331.1.1 or the engineering design prior to examination?
laterpretation: 21·20
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. 341.4.1(b)(1), 344.2.2, and 344.7.1, Examination Records
File: 06-1099
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, para. 341.4.1(b)(1), is it required, for each
weld for which in-process examination is substituted, that examination and acceptance of each
applicable item in para. 344.7.1 be recorded?
Reply: Yes; see Interpretations 11-11 and 18-17, and para. 344.2.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Paras. M319 and MA319, Piping Flexibility

File: 06-1100
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may flexible hose be used in Category M Fluid
Service?
Reply: Yes.
1-9
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. QiQ
Inte.,retatlon: 21·22
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 3oo.1.3(d), Scope

File: 06-1101
Question (1): Does the scope of ASME 831.3-2004 include vacuum insulated piping, e.g.,
cryogenic transfer line?
Reply (1): Yes. Refer to paras. 3oo.1.1(b)(6), 301.7.3, and 345.2.5.
Qaestion (2): Does ASME 831.3 apply to the cryogenic piping interconnecting pressure vessel(s),
while both the piping and the vessel(s) are enclosed within a pressure vessel?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 341.4, Extent of Required Examination for Category D Service
File: 06-1102
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, do the requirements of para. 341.4.1(b)(1)

pertaining to radiography or ultrasonic examination apply to Category D fluid service?
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 300.2, Inline Piping Components

File: 06-1103
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the inline portions of instruments be designed,
fabricated, examined, and tested in accordance with the rules of the Code?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 300.2 (definition of "piping components").
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2004 require that the portions of instruments that are not inline
be designed, fabricated, examined, and tested in accordance with the rules of the Code?
Reply (2): The Code does not address this situation.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may inline portions of an instrument not
listed in Table 326.1 be used?
Reply (3): Yes; see paras. 302.2.3 and 326.1.2.
1-10
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &IQ
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. 1:(&
interpretation: 21·25
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 300.2, Flammable Service

File: 06-1104
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, is a liquid that has a flash point of 38°C
(100°F) considered to be "flammable"?
Reply (1): It mayor may not be, depending upon the ambient or expected operating conditions;
see the definition of "flammable" in para. 300.2.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004, maya nontoxic liquid with a flash point
of 38°C (1oo°F) be used as an alternate test fluid per para. 345.4.1?
Reply (2): Yesif the fluid is not flammable, as defined for the purpose of this Code in para. 300.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 319.3.2, Properties for Flexibility Analysis

File: 06-1105
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo4, para. 319.3.2, can a value for modulus of
elasticity used in the analysis differ from the value shown in Appendix C?
Reply: Yes, when more directly applicable data is available; see Note (1) of Table 300.4.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. K323.3.5 and Table K323.3.5, Impact Testing for High Pressure
Piping
File: 06-1184
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo4 require impact testing according to para. K323.3 for materials
whose product specifications require impact testing?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo4, Para. 323.2.2;Fig. 323.2.2A;and Table A-I, Note (6); Lower Temperature
Limits for Impact Tests
File: 06-1185
Question: Are materials, for which a temperature of -20°F (-29°C) is listed in the Minimum
~mperature column of Table A-I, exempt from impact testing for any combination of thickness
and temperature above -20°F (-29°C)?
I Reply: Yes.
1-11
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r..<iQ
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 305.2.3, Material for Severe Cyclic Conditions
File: 06-1191
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, may pipe material not listed in para. 305.2.3
be used under severe cyclic conditions?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. A323.4.2(a)(3), Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Mate-
rials
File: 06-1194
Question: Are PVC and CPVC products that are specifically designed for compressed air and
inert gas service, which meet the material requirements of ASTM D 1784, acceptable for use in
compressed gas service in 831.3 applications?
Reply: No; see para. A323.4.2(a)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para A323.4.2, Fluid Service for Nonmetallic Piping
File: 06-1196
Question: Does the Code permit plastic products for use in compressed air or compressed gas
service in 831.3 applications?
Reply: Yes, except as noted in para. A323.4.2.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2002, Para. 300.1.1, Content and Coverage

File: 06-1197
Question: Does compliance of a piping component with the requirements of ASME 831.9 assure
compliance with the requirements of ASME 831.3?
Reply: No.
1-12
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. di>.:l
No reproduction may be made of this material withoutwrittenconsentof ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. A302.2.4, Pressure Allowances for Nonmetallic Piping
File: 07-502
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 provide an allowance for surge pressure above the hydrostatic
design stress for thermoplastic piping?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Unlisted Components

file: 07-504
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2004 provide an approach for designing a hub clamp connector?
Reply: Yes. See either para. 318 or para. 3OO(c)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 302.3.5(e) and Appendix A, Weld Joint Strength Reduction
factor, W
File: 07-505
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 302.3.5(e),may the weld joint strength reduction
factor, W, be taken as 1.0 when applicable testing shows the weld joint has creep-rupture strength
that is equal to or greater than the base material at the design temperature?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Para. 345.2.3(c), Leak Testing of Closure Welds

File: 07-508
Question (1): If a piping system is divided into subassemblies with each subassembly tested
in accordance with para. 345.1, and reassembled as a piping system, do the connecting welds
need to be tested in accordance with para. 345.1?
Reply (1): See Interpretation 20-07.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2004, if an integrally reinforced branch connection
utilizes a threaded and socket weld outlet combination as an unvalved hydrostatic vent and
drain, and the piping system is tested in accordance with para. 345.1, does the socket welding
qf the test plugs need to be tested in accordance with para. 345.1?
Reply (2): Yes, unless the provisions of para. 345.2.6 apply.
1-13
Inte"retation: 21-37
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 302.3.4, Table 302.3.4, and Table A1-B, Weld Joint Quality Factor
File: 07-1356
Question: Is it acceptable to increase the joint quality factor of Table 302.3.4, No.4, by additional
examination (i.e., 100% radiography)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 304.1.1(b), Pressure Design of Straight Pipe, Maximum and
Nominal Thread Depth
File: 07-1357
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006, when a threaded component in accordance

with ASME B1.20.1 is specified, should the value of 0.02 in. be added to the nominal value of h
for inclusion with factor c of para. 304.1.1, eq. (2)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections

File: 07-1358
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2oo6, para. 304.3.3(a), may Tb for use in calculating
L" d 2, and A 3 be based on the thickness of the reinforcing barrel if the thickness of the reinforcing
barrel is not uniform within the L4 limit?
Reply: No; however, see paras. 304.3.1(c) and 3OO(c)(3).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Fig. 323.2.2B, Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature
Without Impact Testing
File: 07-1359
Question: Shall the pressures coincident with the metal temperatures under consideration be
used lin determining the stress ratio as defined in the General Notes of Fig. 323.2.2B?
Refly: Yes.
1-14
Copyright © 2008 by the American Societyof Mechanical Engineers. &
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Paras. 321.1.4(c) and 323.2.2(d), Piping Support Materials
File: 07-1360
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2oo6 address specific impact test requirements for pipe supporting
elements?
Reply: No. See para. 321.1.4(a),which requires materials to be suitable for the service conditions.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 345.2.2, Leak Testing, Other Test Requirements
File: 07-1361
Question (1): Is it permissible to use a pump to maintain system test pressure during the testing
period?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): How much pressure drop is acceptable during a hydrostatic leak test?
Question (3): Is there a maximum test pressure allowed during the pressure testing period?
Reply (3): No; however, see paras. 345.2.1(a) and 345.4.2.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Table 323.2.2, A-4(b), Impact Testing of Weld Metal and Heat
Affected Zone
File: 07-1362
Question: If one or more of the three exceptions for impact testing of weld metal deposits in
austenitic stainless steel, as stated in clause A-4(b) of Table 323.2.2, are satisfied, is impact testing
of the weld metal and HAZ required for cases where the design minimum temperature is below
-29°C (-20 0P)?
Reply: No.
1-15
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. W
IntellPretation: 21·44
Subject: ASME 831.3-2004, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds - Internal Protrusions
File: 07-1363
Question (1): Does B31.3-2004 address the effect on process flow by internal protrusions in
groove welds?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does Table 341.3.2 define the imperfection where one edge of a groove is left
unconsumed at the root without internal misalignment as incomplete penetration?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with Criterion Value Notes for Table 341.3.2, Symbol E for T w > 6
mm (~ in.), is the multiplication factor 1.5 applicable for aligned porosity length and clustered
porosity length?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations
File: 07-1397
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006, does para. 302.2.4(f)(1)(b) apply when the
overpressure in a system in Normal Fluid Service is less than or equal to 20%?
Reply: Yes, provided the other requirements of para. 302.2.4 are met.
InterJretation: 21-46
Subject: ASME B31.3-2oo6, Para. 331, Heat Treatment Requirements

File: 07-1398
Question: For API 5L double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe with a wall thickness greater
than %in., do all welds (e.g., circumferential and longitudinal) require postweld heat treatment
to meet the requirements of ASME B31.3?
Reply: Yes, except as provided for in para. 331.1.1.
1-16
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. r.<I>.:l
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. t:(Ii
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Appendix M and Para. 301.3.1, Temperature Limits for Category D
Fluid Service
File: 07-1482
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2004 permit a fluid service that is nonflammable, nontoxic, non-
damaging to human tissues, with a design gage pressure less than 1 035 kPa, and a design
temperature between -29°C and 186°C, to be classified as a Category D fluid service, if the design
minimum temperature as defined in para. 301.3.1 is below -29°C?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Para. 341.3.1(a), Examinations and Postweld Heat Treatment
File: 07-1483
Question: Does para. 341.3.1(a)require examinations be performed after the final heat treatment?
Reply: Yes.
1-17
ASME B31.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendix Z.

1-1
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. @)
831.3 Versus U-Stamp ....................................................

Code Case 181. Table 1 ...................................................
Code Case 181. Table 1. Use of Altemative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria ...............................................................
Code Case 181. Use of Altemative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria ...............................................................
Fig. 328.28 and Para. 300.2. Definitions .....................................
Flame Arrester ...........................................................
Para . 300.2. Definition of Piping Component ................................
Paras . 300.2 and 301.3. Category D Design Temperature ......................
Para . 302.2.4. Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors .........................
Paras . 302.3.5(d) and P302.3.5(d), Allowable Stress Range and Allowable
Operating Stress Limit ..................................................
Para . 304.1.1. Pressure Thickness ...........................................
Paras . 304.3.5(e) and 319.3.6. Reinforcement Pad Thickness ...................
Para . 305.1. General Pipe ..................................................
Para . 322.6.3. System Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 323.2.2(d). Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing ...............
Para . 323.2.2(d). Use of Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing ........
Para . 323.2.2(f). Stainless Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 323.3. Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 328.5.1@). Weld Map and Welder Sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 328.5.1(c). Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications .............
Para . 328.5.4(d). Welded Branch Connections ................................
Para . 331.1.3. Poshveld Heat Treatment (PWHT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 341.3.3. Defective Components and Workmanship ......................
Para . 341.4.1. Examination Normally Required ..............................
Para . 344.5.1. Radiographic Examination ....................................
Paras. 345.1. 345.3.4. and 345.5.1. Leak Testing/Limits of Tested Piping ........
Para . 345.2.3(a). Leak Testing ..............................................
Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8. Leak Testing ....................................
Para . 345.2.3(c). Closure Welds ............................................
Para . 345.3.1. Hydrotest ...................................................
Para . 345.3.1. Joints Exposed and Para . 326.3. Reference Documents ...........
Paras . 345.4 and 345.5. Leak Testing With Negative Pressure ..................
Pressure Design and Fatigue Cycles ........................................
Tables 302.3.4 and A-1B. Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes. Tubes. and
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 302.3.5. General Note (b). Critical Temperatures ........................
Table 323.2.2, A4(a) and A-4(b); Paras . 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2); Use of
Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures ...................
Table 323.3.4. Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction ....................
Table 326.1 and Appendix A. Listed Components............................
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds ................................
Table A-1. Basic Allowable Stresses for Metals ..............................
Table A-1. Material 25Cr-20Ni Pipe ........................................
Table A-1. Prohibition of API 5LX Grade Materials at Temperatures Exceeding
400°F .................................................................
Table B-1. Nonmetallic Piping .............................................
Weld Repair Requirements ................................................
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers .

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASME . @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria
File: 08-472
Question (1): If a welding procedure has been qualified by impact testing for service at a
temperature of -46°C in accordance with para. 323.3, but the base material and weld material
were impact tested at a warmer temperature in accordance with their respective material specifica-
tions, may the weld procedure be used for service at temperatures as low as -46"C?
Reply (1): Yes, provided the essential variables, and supplemental essential variables in
ASME Section IX, are met.
Question (2): Is it required that the same brand and batch number of material, as used in weld
procedure qualification impact testing, be used for production welds?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 323.3.4, Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction
File: 08-476
Question: To qualify a material to -46"C, should a 5 mm Charpy impact specimen produced

from a 6.32 mm material thickness be tested at -50.1°C?
Reply: Yes; see para. 323.3.4(b).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 323.2.2, A-4(a) and A-4(b); Paras. 323.2.2(f)(l) and (2); Use of
Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures
File: 08-477
Question: Does the Code permit austenitic stainless steel materials listed in Table A-1 to be
used to the minimum temperatures listed regardless if they are a seamless or welded product
form?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2, A-4(a) and applicable Notes in Table A-1
are followed.
1-3
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Bngincers.
No reproduction rnay be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Pressure Design and Fatigue Cycles

File: 08-478
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 address fatigue due to pressure cycling?
Reply (1): Yes; see paras. 301.10, 302.2.4(d), 304.1.2(b), and K304.8, and also paras. 300(c)(3)
and (5).
Question (2): Does para. 302.3.5 address pressure cycling?

Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 326.1 and Appendix A, Listed Components

File: 08-483
Question: Are piping and tube specifications listed in Appendix A considered to be listed
components and included as part of Table 326.1?
Reply: Yes. See Note (5) of Table 326.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. 300.2 and 301.3, Category D Design Temperature
File: 08-594
Question: Can a fluid service that is nonflammable, nontoxic, and not damaging to human
tissues, with a design gage pressure not exceeding 1035 kPa and a design temperature less than
-2g°C, be classified as a Category D fluid service?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 302.3.5(d) and P302.3.5(d), Allowable Stress Range and
Allowable Operating Stress Limit
File: 08-603
Question: Where the value of the stress range factor,f, is permitted to be greater than 1, does
the Code permit the allowable stress range, SA, for displacement stresses and the allowable
operating stress limit, SoA,to be the greater of
(a) the value computed with f = 1 and without the f, limitations on S, and Sh
(b) the value computed with f > 1 with the f, limitations on S, and Sh?
Reply: Yes.

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 344.5.1, Radiographic Examination

File: 08-469
Question: Per para. 344.5.1, do the recommended values listed in ASME BPV Code Section V,
Article 2, para. T-274 for geometric unsharpness requirements need to be met by the manufacturer
under T-285?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.3.1, Joints Exposed and Para. 326.3, Reference Documents
File: 08-471
Question: Do longitudinal weld joints in pipe meeting a standard listed in para. 326 have to
be exposed during leak testing in accordance with para. 345?
Reply: No; see para. 326.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Tables 302.3.4 and A-lB, Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes, Tubes,
and Fittings
File: 08-480
Question (1):Does the Code permit an EFW pipe produced without filler metal to be upgraded
to a weld joint quality factor of 1.00 through radiography?
Question (2): Do weld joint quality factors apply to circumferential welds?

Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 345.4 and 345.5, Leak Testing With Negative Pressure
File: 08-481
Question: Does the Code permit externally pressurized piping to be pneumatically tested using
an internal vacuum?
1-5
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Bnginccrs.
No rcproduction may be madc of this matcrial without writtcn consent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table A-1, Prohibition of API 5LX Grade Materials at Temperatures
Exceeding 400°F
File: 08-595
Question (1):Are API 5L Grades X52 and X56 listed materials?

Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Can API 5L Grades X52 and X56 be used above 400°F?
Reply (2):No; see double bars (11) as defined in Note (7) and Note (55) of Table A-1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Code Case 181, Table 1

File: 08-474
Question: For wall thicknesses of less than 25 mm (1in.), must both the a/t and the t? limit in
Table 1 be satisfied?
Reply: Yes.
Subject:ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 345.1,345.3.4, and 345.5.1, Leak Testing/Limits of Tested Piping
File: 08-475
Question: Is it acceptable for a pneumatic leak test to be conducted with test medium continu-
ously added to compensate for known leaks so that the test pressure is maintained?
Reply: Yes, recognizing the additional hazards associated with pneumatic testing. See para.
345.5.1.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Engincen.

( No rcoroduction mav be made of this matcrial without wittcn consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8, Leak Testing

File: 08-593
Question (1): To comply with section 345, must a piping system be leak tested at the factory
fully assembled, or can individual pipe spools and equipment be tested separately as suggested
in para. 345.2.3(a)?
Reply (1): The Committee believes your question can be answered by previous Interpretation
20-25, a copy of which is attached.
Question (2): If a piping system in Normal Fluid Service has passed a hydrostatic leak test in
accordance with para. 345.4, a pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.5, or a hydrostatic-
pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.6, is a sensitive leak test in accordance with
para. 345.8 required?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.2.3(c), Closure Welds

File: 08-596
Question (1): Does the Code permit a piping system consisting of piping subassemblies and/or
components to have more than one closure weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the Code permit the leak test requirement of para. 345 to be replaced by
100% radiographic or ultrasonic examination?
Reply (2): No.
1-7
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Arncrican Society of Mechanical Bnginccrs.
No reproduction may be madc of this matcrial without writtcn conscnt of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required

File: 08-597
Question (1): Are the longitudinal welds made in accordance with material specifications listed
in Table A-1 or Table 326.1 required to be examined per para. 341.4.1@)(1)when intersecting a
circumferential weld that is being examined?
Reply (1): No; reference Table 341.3.2, Note (3).
Question (2): Are piping components fabricated with longitudinal welds made in accordance
with Chapter V that are intersected by a circumferential weld during fabrication, assembly, or
erection that is examined, required to also be examined per para. 341.4.1(b)(l)?
Reply (2):Yes.
with para. 302.2.3 that are intersected by a circumferential weld during fabrication, assembly, or
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): If specified in the engineering design or specifically authorized by the Inspector,
may in-process examination be substituted for radiographic examination required by para.
341.4.1(b)(l)on a weld-for-weld basis?
Question (5): May ultrasonic examination be substituted for radiographic examination for
welds made with the addition of filler metal shown in Table 302.3.4, No. 3 and 4 if
(a) designer determines the ultrasonic examination technique employed and the acceptance
criteria used will meet the acceptance limits established for defects in Table 341.3.2 for radiography
(b) designer documents the technique and criteria in the engineering design and also acknowl-
edges the Code Committee replies in Interpretation 11-05
(c) Owner accepts the validity of the technique and criteria and also acknowledges the Code
Committee replies in Interpretation 11-05
Reply (5): The Code does not specifically address this; see para. 300(c)(3).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.2.3(a),Leak Testing

File: 08-1241
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, if flanged subassemblies of a piping

system have separately passed leak tests per para. 345.4, 345.5, or 345.6, does B31.3 require any
additional testing after assembly?
Reply: No.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Bnginecrs.

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without writtcn consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 331.1.3, Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

File: 08-1243
Question: If P-No. 1material of 19 mm thickness is welded to P-No. 1material that is nominally

25 mm but has been tapered bored to 19 mm at the weld joint, is PWHT required?
Reply: The Committee believes your question can be answered by previous Interpretation 17-21.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 304.3.5(e) and 319.3.6, Reinforcement Pad Thickness
File: 08-1244
Question (1):Does the Code provide a maximum reinforcing pad thickness for pressure design?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the Code prohibit the use of more than one reinforcing pad, such as the
use of two 3-mm pads to provide 6-mm pad thickness?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does the Code reference complete encirclement reinforcement?

Reply (3): Yes. See para. 304.3.5(e).
Question (4): Does the Code provide a specific SIF for complete encirclement reinforcement
on tees?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does the Code permit the use of more applicable data to establish an SIF for
reinforced intersections?
Reply (5): Yes. See para. 319.3.6.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Thickness

File: 08-1245
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2006 Edition permit the use of pipe supplied to a thickness less
than t, as defined in para. 304.1.1?
Reply: No. See also Interpretations 10-20 and 13-07.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Enginccrr.

( No rcoroduction may be madc of this matcrial without wittcn conscnt of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 328.5.4(d),Welded Branch Connections

File: 08-1246
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, when para. 328.5.4(d) is applied to
proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fittings, does the term@lly penetrated groove
weld describe a weld that fills to the manufacturer's weld line or to the top of the groove if no
weld line is present?
Reply: Yes; see definition of groove weld under size of weld in para. 300.2. See also Interpretation
13-11.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(f), Stainless Steel

File: 08-1438
Question: Do the temperature limitations specified in ASME B31.3-2006, para. 323.2.2(f) apply
to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fitting materials listed in Table A-1 or are they applicable
only to the circumferential welds when these components are joined by welding?
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Weld Repair Requirements

File: 08-1439
Question (1): Does Interpretation 2-18 apply to the ASME B31.3-2006 Edition?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, does Interpretation 2-18 apply to
welds made by manufacturers of listed components?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): If interpretation numbers are listed in the latest version of B31.3 (i.e., 2006), are
they still valid?
Reply (3): See general information published with interpretations.
1-10
No reproduction rnay be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 328.5.1(b), Weld Map and Welder Sign
File: 08-1440
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, para. 328.5.1@), is it required that a
weld map be created to identify the work of each welder or welding operator if each weld or
adjacent area has been marked to identify the welder or welding operator?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(d),Use of Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing
File: 09-529
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, if a material is exempted from impact
testing because the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) are satisfied, are welds and heat affected
zones (including those of production welds) required to be impact tested per Table 323.2.2,
Column B (8-3)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Para. 345.3.1, Hydrotest

File: 08-1669
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2006 Edition permit hydrostatic leak testing of metallic pipe after
the internal nonmetallic coating is applied?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table A-1, Basic Allowable Stresses for Metals
File: 08-1608
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008 Edition, may the Table A-1 basic allowable
stresses in tension above 1000°F for ASTM A 182, Grade F316L forging be applied for ASTM
A 182, Grade F316 forging having a carbon content less than 0.04%?
Reply: Yes.

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Code Case 181, Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria
File: 08-1611
Question: Does Code Case 181 have a limitation for the minimum thickness of material for
its use?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 322.6.3, System Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure
File: 09-247
Question (1):In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, during relieving events with system
relief devices per para. 322.6.3, may the pressure in the piping system during the event exceed
the system pneumatic leak test pressure?
Reply (1): No. See para. 302.2.4(e).
Question (2):When establishing the maximum allowable relieving pressure permitted in accor-
dance with para. 322.6.3(c), may the test pressure used in accordance with para. 345 be exceeded?
Reply (2): The Code does not explicitly address this situation.
Subject: Code Case 181, Table 1, Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance Criteria
File: 09-424
Question: In Code Case 181, Table 1, must both the a/t and e criteria be satisfied for acceptance?
Reply: Yes. See revised Code Case 181, new para. (i)(4)(d)for alternate acceptance criteria.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Fig. 328.2B and Para. 300.2, Definitions

File: 09-497
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, if the fabricator failed to meet the
minimum weld sizes described in para. 328.5.2, does para. 300(c)(3)allow the designer to perform
an analysis after fabrication, document it in the engineering design, and have the validity accepted
by the owner, to show that the existing fillet weld sizes are adequate?
Reply: Yes.

( No re~roductionmav be made of this matcrial without writtcn consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship

File: 08-473
Question: For a weld repair to a portion of a circumferentialweld that was completely examined,
does ASME B31.3-2004, para. 341.3.3 require that only the repair weld area be reexamined after
the repair?
Reply: Yes, unless the materials are P-Nos. 3, 4, or 5 and heat treatment is required; then the
entire weld must be reexamined after completion of any heat treatment [see para. 328.6, para. 331.1,
Table 331.1.1, and para. 341.3.1(a)].
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, B31.3 Versus U-Stamp

File: 09-1002
Question (1): Are heat exchangers within the scope of ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): No. Refer to para. 300.1.3(d) and Fig. 300.1.1. However, applicable design standards
may be as agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3 have a certification and code stamp requirement?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Are there any advantages to designing to ASME B31.3 instead of ASME Sec-
tion VIII?
Reply (3): We cannot respond to your request, since ASME does not provide consulting assist-
ance. We regret that we cannot serve you in this instance, and suggest that you contact a reputable
consulting organization experienced in 831 piping applications.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 328.5.1(c),Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications

File: 09-1003
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c) require that tack welds, whether they are to
be incorporated into the final weld or be removed, be made by a qualified welder?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c)require that tack welds be made to a qualified
WPS for that joint?
Reply (2): Yes; see para. 328.5.1(a).
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3, para. 328.5.1(c)allow tack welds on a groove weld joint to be
made by a welder qualified on a fillet weld test?
Reply (3): No. See ASME BPV Code Section IX, para. 303.2.
1-13
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 302.3.5, General Note (b), Critical Temperatures
File: 09-1066
Question (1):In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when determining critical tempera-
ture of welded pipe, and when ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A does not have a
time-dependent Note associated with the material, shall the designer use the time-dependent
Note associated with the base material of which the pipe is constructed?
Reply (1): Yes; see General Note (b) in Table 302.3.5.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when determining critical tempera-
ture and when ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A does not have a time-dependent
Note associated with the material, shall the designer treat the material as a material not listed
in Section 11, Part D for the purpose of determining critical temperatures?
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008 Edition, when a material has multiple
listings in ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D that have different time-dependent Notes associated
with them, and the designer does not have sufficient information to determine the original product
form from which a component has been manufactured, is the designer required to use the
minimum calculated critical temperature based upon all listings for the product form in ASME
BPV Code Section 11, Part D?
Reply (3):We cannot respond to your request, since ASME does not provide consulting assist-
consulting organization experienced in B31 piping applications.
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when a designer has specified a
dual certified material, may the designer use the time-dependent Notes associated with any of
the product forms to which the material complies when determining the critical temperature?
Question (5): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when a material does not appear
in ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A but does appear in Table lB, shall the designer
use the same methodology for determining critical temperature as for materials listed in Table lA?
Reply (5): This matter is not addressed by the Code.
Question (6):In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008Edition, may a designer treat a listed material
as an unlisted material, establish allowable stresses in accordance with para. 302.3.2, and then
calculate the critical temperature in accordance with Table 302.3.5, General Note (b)?
Reply (6): No.

Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 302.2.4, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors
File: 09-1067
Question (1): Where carbon steel is used at design temperatures below 800°F, does ASME
B31.3-2008 require that a weld joint strength reduction factor, W, of 1.0 be used?
Reply (1): The Code does not provide a weld joint strength reduction factor for carbon steel.
Question (2): Where carbon steel requires a design temperature above 800°F to allow for a
short-term upset condition that falls outside the scope of para. 302.2.4, does ASME B31.3-2008
require the use of a weld joint strength reduction factor, W, other than 1.0?
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table B-1, Nonmetallic Piping

File: 09-1068
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008, when Table B-1 materials without a maxi-
mum recommended temperature limit are to be used at temperatures greater than 23"C, is the
designer responsible for demonstrating the validity of the allowable stresses and other limits in
accordance with para. A323.2.4?
Reply (1): Yes.
designer permitted to use published manufacturer's data for material properties without verifying
the manufacturer's methodology, calculations, and test results for development of the data?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2008 establish maximum temperature limits for nonmetallic
materials listed in Appendix B?
Reply (3): No. See para. A323.2.1@).
Question (4):When Table 8-1explicitly states thicknesses of pipe/tubing, does ASME B31.3-2008
require the use of the hydrostatic design stresses listed for determining other thicknesses of the
same material?
Question (5): For materials listed in Table B-1, are the hydrostatic design stresses listed in
ASME B31.3-2008 applicable for all design pressures?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): When Table B-1 materials with a minimum recommended temperature limit of
23°C are to be used at temperatures less than 23"C, does ASME B31.3-2008 require the designer
to specify toughness testing at or below the lowest expected service temperature?
Reply (6): Yes.
1-15
No reprodiiction may be made of this matcrial without u~ittenconsent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Flame Arrester

File: 09-1069
Question: Shall in-line pressure-retaining portions of a flame arrester be designed, fabricated,

examined, and tested in accordance with ASME B31.3?
Reply: Yes. See definitions of piping and piping components in ASME B31.3, para. 300.2. See also
para. 300.1.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds

File: 09-1444
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2008 require the use of the undercut criteria in Table 341.3.2
to evaluate metal removal from the toe of a weld by mechanical means?
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2008 allow for the repair of excessive undercutting by any
means other than adding weld metal to bring the metal to an acceptable plane?
Reply (2):Yes, provided the criteria in Table 341.3.2 and the requirements of para. 304 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 300.2, Definition of Piping Component

File: 09-1445
Question: Are non-inline instruments (e.g.,pressure transmitter) connected to piping considered

piping components as defined in para. 300.2?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table A-1, Material 25Cr-20Ni Pipe

File: 09-1446
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit the values listed in Table A-1 including Note (35) for
material 25Cr-20Ni pipe, ASTM A 312 Grade TP310 to be used to determine design requirements
for Grade TP310H?
Reply: Yes.
1-16
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Enginccrs.
No rcproduction may be made of this matcrial without nrittcn conscnt of ASME. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 305.1, General Pipe

File: 09-1489
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, may API 5L Grades A and B spiral seam welded
pipe be used for Normal Fluid Service and Category M Fluid Service piping?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(d),Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing
File: 09-1605
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 permit the application of para. 345.2.3(c) for a piping system
that is exempt from impact testing in accordance with para. 323.2.2(d) except for the closure
weld, which is qualified according to Table 323.2.2, Column A?
Reply (1): No.
weld, which is qualified according to Table 323.2.2, Column B?
Reply (2): Yes.

ASME 831.3

April 23, 2010 through September 27, 2011
GENERAL INFORMATION
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 831 Committee concerning 831 .3
Appendix Z.

I-1
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
ASM E B31.3 INTERPRETATI ONS
831.3
Interp retation File No.
Para. 301.3.2, Fluid Temperature ..... . . . . .. .. ... . ............. .. . . ........ . 23-06 10-540
Para . 304.1, Wall Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .... . ............. . . . 23-16 11-445
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections .... . 23-18 11-847
Para. 304.7.2, Application of a Detailed Stress Analysis Performed Using a
Numerical Method . ........... . . . .......... . 23-07 10-542
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components. . . . . . . . .. . ....... . ... .. . . . .... . 23-03 10-535
Para. 319.4.3, Basic Assumptions and Requirements ... . . . . . . . . ........ . .. . 23-04 10-537
Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1 ........................... . .. .. . . . .. . . 23-08 10-702
Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1 .. . .. . .. . 23-12 10-1503
Para. 323.2.2 and Fig. 323.2.2B, Lower Temperature Limits for Listed
Materials. 20-13R 11-448
Para. 331, Review of Interpretations 20-39 and 21-46 ............ . .. . . .. .. . . . . 21-46R 11-16
Para. 345, Leak Testing of Piping Components . . ... 23-14 11-17
Para. 345.1(b), Required Leak Test and Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted
Components. . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . .. ... ... . . . .... . . . ....... . 23-05 10-538
Para. 345.1(d), Pressure Test Exemption for Vents and Drains . ... . .. .. ....... . 23-20 11-1539
Paras. 345.2.4 and 345.2.5, External Differential Pressure . ... .. .. . ..... . . . .... . 23-17 11-578
Para. 345.5.2, Pressure Relief Device ............. . ........ . ......... . 23-11 10-1502
Para. 345.5.5, Pressure Testing ... . ... .. . ... ...... . ... .... . . . . . ... . .. . . ... . . 23-15 11-444
Table 302.3.3C, Casting Quality Factor ........... . . ... . .... . . .. .. .. . . .... . . 23-10 10-1501
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing .............. .. . .... . .. . . . . .. .. . ... . . .. . . . .. . 23-13 10-1560
Table 323.2.2, Stress Ratio Figure. . . . . . .. . .... . .. .. . .. ... .. ... . .. . .. . .. . . 23-01 10-533
Table 341.3.2, Partial Joint Penetration Welds . .. ... . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . 23-02 10-534
Tables A-1 and A-3, Allowable Stress Values ... . 23-19 11-1075
Table A-lB, Electric Fusion Welded Tube 23-09 10-1500
I-2
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made of this material witho ut wri tten consent of ASME. ~
ASME 831 .3 INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretation 20-13R
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 th rough B31.3-2010, Para. 323.2.2 and Fig. 323.2.2B, Lower Temperature
Limits for Listed Materials
File: 11-448
carbon steels at a minimum design metal temp erature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
temperature, provided the stress ratio defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is less than 1 but greater than 0.3,
and the MDMT is not colder than -48°C (-55°F)?
Reply (1): Yes.
carbon steels at a minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
and the MDMT is colder than -48°C (- 55°F)?
Reply (2) : No.
Question (3) : Does ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, Note (3), provide a basis for the use of impact-
tested carbon steels at a minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact
test temperature, provided the stress ratio defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is equal to or less than 0.3
when the MDMT is colder than - 48°C (-55°F)?
Reply (3): Yes.
of impact-tested duplex stainless steels, UNS S31803, impact tested at - 51 oc (-60°F), in the same
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 331, Review of Interpretations 20-39 and 21-46
File: 11-16
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 require both circumferential and longitudinal welds made by
the pipe manufacturer of API SL double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe to be heat trea ted
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31 .3 require both circumferential and longitudinal welds made by
the piping fabricator on API SL double submerged a rc welded (DSAW) marked pipe to be heat
treated in accordance with para. 331?
Reply (2): Yes.
1-3
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engi neers. ~
ASME 831.3 IN TERPRETATION S
Interpretation 23-01
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.2.2, Stress Ratio Figure

File: 10-533
Question (1): Does the Code provide rules for the use of duplex stainless steel material
(UNS S31803) with a lower design temperature than - 60°F (-51 oq under certain conditions with
limitations?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 323.2.2(c).
Question (2): Are the provisions described in Note (3) of Table 323.2.2 also applicable for duplex
stainless steel material?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, Partial Joint Penetration Welds

File: 10-534
Question: Does para. 300(c)(3) allow partial joint penetration welds if a more rigorous analysis
addressing the design, construction, examination, inspection, and testing details is documented
in the engineering design and accepted by the owner?
Reply: Yes. Note that requirements for Code rules that are not applicable as written to such
construction, such as examination and fatigue design, need to be addressed. See also Interpretation
16-12.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components

File: 10-535
Question: Does para. 304.7.2(c) address product form and material type when proof testing in
accordance with ASME 816.9; MSS SP-97; or Section VIII, Division 1, UG-101?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 319.4.3, Basic Assumptions and Requirements

File: 10-537
Question: Does the Code address how the effects of friction are to be included in earthquake
analyses?
Reply: No.
I-4
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &
ASME 831. 3 INTERPRETATIONS
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para . 345.1(b), Required Leak Test and Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted
Components
File: 10-538
Question: Does the Code address alternate methods of proof testing other than those listed in
para. 304.7.2(c)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 301.3.2, Fluid Temperature
File: 10-540
Question (1): Does the Code define "fluid temperature" in para. 301.3.2 as" design temperature"?
Reply (1) : No.
Question (2): Does the Code permit "fluid temperature" in para. 301.3.2 to be understood as
"operating temperature"?
Reply (2): The Code does not define operating temperature.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 304.7.2, Application of a Detailed Stress Analysis Performed
Using a Numerical Method
File: 10-542
Question: If the designer performs a finite element method evaluation of an unlisted component
that is accepted by the owner in accordance with para. 300(c)(3), is the designer required to
perform the calculation to be substantiated in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply: Yes.
I-5
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1

File: 10-702
Question (1): When a welding procedure specification (WPS) has been qualified, including
impact testing, for an austenitic stainless steel plate that has a design minimum temperature
below the minimum temperature given in Table A-1, does the Code require production welds
to be impact tested?
Reply (1): No .
below the minimum tempera ture given in Table A-1, does the Code require the plate material
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table A-lB, Electric Fusion Welded Tube

File: 10-1500
Question: May the valu es for longitudinal weld joint quality factor, Ei, listed in Table A-lB, with
fu rther supplemental radiography per Table 302.3.4, be used to d etermine design requirements for
electric fusion welded pipe, in which the weld is made with filler metal?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 302.3.3C, Casting Quality Factor
File: 10-1501
Question: If a fully machined exterior (250 rms or finer) and pull bored interior (125 rms or
finer) surfaced centrifugal cast tube section is fully liquid penetrant examined in accordance with
ASTM El65 and judged acceptable per Table 1 of MSS SP-53 using ASTM El25 as a reference
for surface flaws per Note (2) of ASME B31.3, Table 302.3.3C over its entire exterior surface and
up to one diameter on the interior surface of each end, does the Code permit the use of an
increased casting quality factor, E" of 0.90?
Reply: No. To increase the casting quality factor, all surfaces shall be examined; see N ote (2)(b)
of Table 302.3.3C.
I-6
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . ~
No reproduction may be made of this materi al without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 345.5.2, Pressure Relief Device

File: 10-1502
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 require that the pressure relief device described in para. 345.5.2
comply with para . 322.6.3(a)?
Reply: No, unless the pressure relief device is a permanent component of the piping system
being tested.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 323.2.2 Reference to Table A-1

File: 10-1503
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2008 reference ASME 831E, Standard for the Seismic Design and
Retrofit of Above-Ground Piping Systems, as an alternative to the requirements in para. 302.3.6?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2008 allow an alternative to the requirements in para. 302.3.6
for seismic design of above-ground piping?
Reply (2): Yes; see para. 300(c)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing

File: 10-1560
Question (1): Do Table 323.2.2 boxes A-3(b) and A-4(b) exclude HAZ impact testing?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the code permit the weld deposit impact testing exemptions of Table 323.2.2
box A-3(b) for joining ASTM A333, A334, A350, A352, and A420?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 345, Leak Testing of Piping Components

File: 11-17
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 require listed piping components, including valves, to be
leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
Reply: No. See para. 326.3.
I-7
Subject: ASME 831 .3-2008, Para. 345.5.5, Pressure Testing

File: 11-444
Question: Does ASME 831.3 require that a pneumatic leak test be maintained at the test pressure
for at least 10 min?
Reply: Yes. See para. 345.2.2(a).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 304.1, Wall Thickness

File: 11-445
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 have an equation for pressure design thickness with straight
pipe where t equals or exceeds one-sixth of the outside diameter of the pipe (D I 6)?
Reply: No, except as provided in Chapter IX.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Paras. 345.2.4 and 345.2.5, External Differential Pressure
File: 11-578
Question (1): In para. 345.2.4, Externally Pressured Piping, does the term "external differential
pressure" mean maximum differential pressure between any coincident internal pressure and
external pressure?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 301.2.1(d).
Question (2): Does para. 345.2.5, Jacketed Piping, require separate leak tests for both internal
line and jacket?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2010, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections

File: 11-847
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, do the equations for A 3 and A 4 in para. 304.3.3(c)
apply to branch connections other than the configuration shown in Fig. 304.3.3?
Reply: No; however, see para. 304.3.1.
I-8
ASME 631.3 INTERPR ETATION S
Subject: ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1 and A-3, Allowable Stress Values
File: 11-1075
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2010 require the use of allowable stresses shown in Table A-1?
Reply (1): Yes.
Reply (2): No. See Appendix A, General Note (c).
Question (3): Based on ASME B31.3-2010, para. 302.3.2, Bases for Design Stresses, footnote 2,
may the designer use the stress values in ASME BPV Code Section II, Part D, Tables 2A, 2B, and
3 for stresses at temperatures below the creep range instead of the allowable stresses in
ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1, A-2, and A-3, respectively?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): Based on ASME B31.3-2010, para. 302.3.2, footnote 2, may the designer use the
stress values in ASME BPV Code Section II, Part D, Tables 1A and 1B for stresses at temperatures
in the creep range instead of the allowable stresses in ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1, A-2, and
A-3, respectively?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2010, Para. 345.1(d), Pressure Test Exemption for Vents and Drains
File: 11-1539
Question (1): For Normal Fluid Service or Category D Fluid Service, does ASME B31.3-2010,
para. 345.1(d), exempt leak testing for all drain or vent lines open to the atmosphere?
Reply (1): Yes, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
Question (2): Does the statement in ASME B31.3-2010, para. 345.1(d), of "such as vents or
drains downstream of the last shutoff valve" mean that this is the only configuration open to
the atmosphere exempt from leak testing by this paragraph?
Reply (2): No.
I-9
Copyright © 20 13 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
ASME 831.3

April 30, 2012 through December 16, 2013
GENERAL INFORMATION
the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. ln these cases, a revised
reply bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented. ln the case where
an interpretation is corrected by errata, the original interpretation number with the suffix Eis used.
infom1ation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further,
Appendix Z.

up to and including the present volume, and wiU be updated with each volume.
1-1
No reproduction may be made of this material without writien consent of ASME. ~
Subject
831.3
Chapter IX, I ligh Pressure Piping (1331.3-2012) ..................... .... .... • 24-13 12-1782
Fig. 323.2.28, Design Minimum Temperature According to ASME 631T
(631.3-2010) ... ........ . .. . ... ...... . . .. ... . ... .. .. .. .... . ... .. ... . •• .. 24-04 12-243
Para. 302.3.6(a), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads
(831.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................. •• .. 24-24 13-1331
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design (1331.3-2010) ...... ...... .... ..... ..... ...... . . 24-09 12-1504
Para. 307.1.2, Qualification of Valve Pressure Design (831.3-2010) ... .... ••• .. . 24-18 13-509
Para. 322.6.3, Rclicl Devices (631.3-2012) . . ... .... .... ....... . . ....... . ..•... 24-16 13-266
Para. 323.3.5, Acceptance Criteria (631.3-2012)...... . ................. . ..... . 2+26 13-1508
Para. 328.5.4 and Fig. 328.5.40, Welded Branch Connection (631.3-2010) . ..... . 24-15 13-76
Para. 328.5.4, Welded Bra nch Connections (631.3-2010) . .. .. . . . ........ . . 24-10 12-1584
Paras. 328.5.4(d) and (e), Use of a Branch Connection Where the
Abutting Branch Pipe Is Not Welded to the Run (1331.3-2012) .............. . 24-23 13-789
Para. 340.4(a), Owner's Inspectors (631.3-2010) ........ .. ..... . . ... .. .... . .. . 24-05 12-499
Para. 341.3.l (a), NOE After PWHT for P-Nos. 3, 4, and 5 Ma terials
(631.3-2010) ..... .. ........ . .. ...... . ................................. . 24-30 11-1769
Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (631.3-1996
Ed it ion Through 831.3-2012) .. ...... . .. . ... .... . .. ... .... . ........ . 24-29 13-709
Para. 341.4.l(b), Sample Ex:1minat ions (631.3-2010) .. . .... . . ...... .. ........ . 24-08 12-1071
Para. 341.4.l(b)(l), Prequalification of Welds by Random Examination
(631.3-201 2) ...... . .. .................. .. ... .... ................. .. ... . 24-22 13-786
Paras. 344.2.1 and 342.1, Vi sual Exam inaticm (631.3-2012) . ... ... .. .. ... . . .... . 24-21 13-710
Para. 345, Pneumatic Leak Testing (631.3-2010) .... ..... .... ..... .... . . 24-11 12-1610
Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination During Leak Testing (631.3-1996 Edition Through
631.3-2010) ..... ..... .... ...... ..... .. . ....... .. . . ... ..... ..... . . .. ... . 24-07 12-56, 12-666
Para. 345.2.3(b), Flanged joints (631 .3-2010) . .. ... . .. .. .. ... . .. . .. • ... . .. .. . • 24-19 13-620
Para. 345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (631.3-201 2) ...... . . .. ............ • ... ...... • 24-25 13-1499
Para. 1<328.2.l(b), Welding Qualifications (631.3-2010) ....................... . 24-06 12-623
Para. K328.2.1(d), Welding Qualifications (631.3-2010) . ... .. .. . . . ..... ....••. . 24-17 13-474
Random Examination (631.3-2012) ... . ... ... ... .. .. .. .... . . ......... . ... • •. 24-20 13-704
Table 302.3.5, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W (631.3-2010)..... ....• .. 24-12 12-1728
Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals (1331.3-2008) ...... . 24-27 13-1548
Table 323.2.2, Notes (3) and (5), Impact Testing (631.3-2010) ... . .. .. .... . 24-01 12-57
Table 323.3.1, Impact Tes ting for Metals (631.3-2010) . ............. .. .... •• ... 24-14 12-2057
Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals (631.3-2008) ......• •• ... 24-28 13-1549
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria (631.3-2010) .............. ..... .......... . 24-03 12-241
Table 341 .3.2 and Pa ras. 341.4.1, 341.4.2, and M341.4, Radiography for
Fillet Welds (631.3-2010) ............ . ......... . ........................ . 24-02 12-102
1-2
Copyrigh t © 2015 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
o reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: Table 323.2.2, Notes (3) and (5), Impact Testing (831 .3-2010)
File: 12-57
Question: Jn accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, if a material meets the requirements of

Table 323.2.2, Note (3) exception to impact testing requirements, does it matter what size specimen
is obtainable as described in Note (5)?
Reply: No.
Subject: Table 341.3.2 and Paras. 341.4.1, 341.4.2, and M341.4, Radiography for Fillet Welds
(831.3-2010)
File: 12-102
Question: ln accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is it a requirement to perform radiography

on fillet welds?
Reply: No.
Subject: Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria (831.3-2010)

File: 12-241
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3, if indications are detected in the base metal or a
weld not required to be examined, are the indications required to be evaluated?
Reply: The Code does not specifically address this issue. However, the Introduction states that
the owner is responsible for imposing requirements supplementary to those of the Code if
necessary to assure safe piping for the proposed installation. Also see para. 300(c)(4).
1-3
Copyrigh1 © 20 15 by the American Society of Mechanical Engi neers. lfil1
No reproduction may be made of this material wilhoul wrillen consent of ASM E. ~
Subject: Fig. 323.2.26, Design Minimum Temperature According to ASME B31T (631.3-2010)
Date Issued: Apri I 30, 2012
File: 12-243
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, may Fig. 323.2.28 be used for impact-tested
materials in the same manner as described in the ASME 8PV Code rules?
Reply (1): No. See interpretation 20-13R.
Question (2): [n accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is the use of ASME 831 T, Standa rd
Toughness Requirements for Piping, mandatory?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, does Fig. 323.2.28 apply to UNS 531803
(22Cr duplex)?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Para. 340.4(a), Owner's Inspectors (631.3-2010)

File: 12--199
Background: An EPC (Engineering, Procu rement, and Construction) contractor has been
awarded a contract to engineer, procure, construct, and install a pressure piping system.
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3 allow an EPC contractor to act as the owner's inspector until
the piping system is complete and ready to be turned over to the owner?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does J\SME 831.3 allow the owner to designate in writing an employee of the
EPC contractor to act as the owner's inspector until the piping system is complete and ready to
be turned over to the owner?
Reply (2): No.
1-4
Copyright © 2015 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~.
No reproduction may be made oflhis material without written consent of ASME. W.
Subject: Para. K328.2.1{b), Welding Qualifications (B31.3-2010)

File: 12-623
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is a separate qualification of the welding
procedure required for each combination of base material specification(s) forming a joint in
Chapter IX, 1-:!igh Pressure Piping, even if the material type or grade remains the same?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. K328.2.l(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, if a welded joint comprised of two different
material spec ifications with the same type or grade in Chapter lX, High Pressure Piping, is
qualified, does the welding procedure also qualify welding of each individual base material to
itself?
I-5
ASME 831.J INTERPRETATIONS
Subject: Pa ra. 345.2.2(a), Exam ination During Leak Testing (631.3-1996 Edition Through
631 .3-2010)
File: 12-56, 12-666
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 631.3-2010, para.
345.2.2(a), must examination for leaks be performed in accordance with the visual examination
method in para. 344.2?
Reply {l): No.
Question (2): Other than sen sitive lea k testing, do ASME 8 31.3-1996 Edition through
ASME 831.3-2010, define leak testing examination requirements?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): ln accordance with ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2010, para.
345.2.2(a), must personnel performing the examination for leaks be qualified for visual examina-
tion per paras. 342.1 or 344.2?
Reply (3): No.
345.2.2(a), must leak testing be performed in accordance with a written procedure for visual
examination?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Other than sensitive leak testing, do ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through
ASME 831.3-2010 require compliance with the requirements of ASME BPV Code Section V,
Articles 9 or 10 for leak testing?
Reply (5): No.
Question (6): In accordance with ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2010, during
a hydrostatic lea k test, if the examiner is satisfi ed that the requirements of para. 345.2.2(a) are
met, is a 100% visual examination (i.e., a visual examination of 360 deg of the pipe or joint
surface) of each joint or connection required?
Reply (6): No.
Subject: Para. 341.4.l{b), Sample Examinations (831.3-2010)

Date lssued: October 5, 2012
File: 12-1071
Question: If one welder makes the tack welds in a circumferential butt weld and another welder
welds the root pass and remainder of the weld, is it required that the welder who made the tack
welds be represented in the sample examinations required by para. 341.4.1 (b) or the progressive
sampling of para. 341.3.4?
Reply: No.
I-6
Copyright © 20 I 5 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. ~
e •
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
ASME B31.3 IN'TfRPRETATIONS
Subject: Para . 304.7.2, Press ure Design (631.3-2010)

File: 12-1504
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2010, para. 307.1.2, Unlisted Valves, if valve pressure-
temperature ratings are established by the method set forth in ASME 616.34, Appendix B, is it
necessary to qualify the pressure design in accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 304.7.2?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections (831.3-2010)

File: 12-1584
Question: In ASME 831.3-2010, for the installation of instrument tap type branch connections,
do the weld types specified in ASME Section VIII, Division 1, UW-15(b) (i.e., welds that require
no strength calculations) and corresponding acceptable welding types shown in UW-16, which
include not-fully-penetrated branch connection groove welds, comply with the acceptable welding
details shown in ASME 631.3, para. 328.5.4?
Subject: Para. 345, Pneumatic Leak Testing (831.3-2010)

File: 12-1610
Question: Jn accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. 345.5.4(a), with or without the owner's
approval, does the Code permit pneumatic testing in excess of 1.33 times the design pressure?
1-7
Copyright © 20 15 by lhe /\mcrican Society of Mechanical Engi neers. ~
Interpretation 24-1 2
Subject: Table 302.3.5, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W (631.3-2010)

File: 12-1728
Question (1): ln accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, Table 302.3.5, is the weld strength reduction
factor, W, for P91 alloy steel material (CSEF subcritical) at 950°F equal to 0.5?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, Table 302.3.5, should the weld strength
reduction factor, W, for P91 alloy steel material be the same value as in ASME 831.1-2010?
Reply (2): The ASME 831.3 Committee is unable to provide the information you have requested.
The Committee does not respond to requests for rationaJe. Code rules reflect not only technical
data and safety criteria, but also the collective experience of the Committee members. interdepen-
dence of rules in various Chapters also plays a part in any given requirement.
If you believe, however, that a particular Code rule or rules may benefit from consideration
of new or additional data and approaches, the Committee welcomes your desire to contribute.
We invite you to submit pertinent material for transmittaJ to the Code Section Committee involved.
If you desire, an invi tation can be extended for you to attend a meeting of the Committee at
which the material will be discussed. We appreciate your interest.
1-8
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. <&.
Subject: Chapter IX, High Pressure Piping (831.3-2012)

File: 12-1782
Question (1 ): Does ASME 831.3-2012 require compliance with Chapter IX, High Pressure Piping,
under any circumstance other than when such compliance is specified by the owner?
Reply (1): No; see para. K300(a).
Question (2): Does ASME 631.3-2012 require that piping designed for a pressure in excess of
that allowed by ASME 616.5, Class 2500 rating for the specified design temperature and material
group be designed in accordance with Chapter IX if the piping system is not designated by the
owner as being in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing for Metals (831.3-2010)

File: 12-2057
Question (1 ): Do rows 4 through 7 of Table 323.3.l of ASME 831.3-2010 apply to welds used
in the manufacture of piping components?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Do rows 1 through 3 of Table 323.3.1 of ASME 831.3-2010 apply to welds used
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 328.5.4 and Fig. 328.5.40, Welded Branch Connection (831.3-2010)
File: 13-76
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2010 permit the use of a complete (full) encirclement split-tee as
a branch connection, where a branch pipe is butt welded to the branch opening of the split-tee,
if the requirements of paras. 303 and 304.7.2 are met?
Reply: Yes. Sec also paras. 300(c)(3) and 300(c)(4).
Subject: Para. 322.6.3, Relief Devices (831.3-2012)

File: 13-266
Question: Does ASME 831.3 require that all relief devices that meet para. 322.6.3 but not A Pl 526
be evaluated as unlisted components?
Reply: Yes; see para. 302.2.3.
I-9
Copyright © 20 15 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. ~
e •
No reproduction may be made of this material without wri tten consent of ASM E.
Subject: Para. K328.2.1(d), Welding Qualifications (831.3-2010)

File: 13-474
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(d), if transverse tensile testing
is required for a full penetration groove weld test coupon for Welding Procedure Qualification in
accordance with the ASME BPV Code, Section IX, shall yield strength be determined on the
transverse tensile test coupon?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(d), shall all-weld-metal
tensile testing be conducted and the yield strength of the weld be determined if transverse
tensile testing is required for a full penetration groove weld test coupon for Welding Procedure
Qualification in accordance with the ASME BPV Code, Section fX?
Reply (2): No, unless the filler metal is not yet incorporated into Section IX (see para. K328.3.1).
Subject: P;.ua. 307.1.2, Qualification of Valve Pressure Design (631.3-2010)

File: 13-509
Question: Does para. 307.1.2 of ASME 831.3-2010 permit a valve manufactured from a material
not listed in ASME 816.34 to have the pressure-temperature rating established i.n accordance
with the method set forth in ASME 816.34?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Para. 345.2.3(b), Flanged Joints (831.3-2010)

File: 13-620
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 631.3-2010, do components listed in Table 326.1 need
to be leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
Reply (1): We believe your question can be answered by previous interpretation 23-14.
Question (2): Does the phrase "previously been tested" in para. 345.2.3(b) refer to leak testing
in accordance with the requirements of ASME 631.3?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Random Examination (831.3-2012)

File: 13-704
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2012 prohibit commencement of random examination prior to

completion of all welds in a designated lot?
Reply: No.
I-10
e •
Subject: Paras. 344.2.l and 342.1, Visual Exam ination (B31 .3-2012)
File: 13-710
Question (1 ): Does ASME B31.3-2012 have any qualification requirements for visual examiners
performing Code-required examinations?
Reply (1): Yes. See paras. 342.1 and 344.2.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2012 require individuals that check the fit and alignment of
weld joints during fabrication to be qualified for visual examination as described in paras. 342.1
and 344.2?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Para. 341.4.l(b)(l), Prequalification of Welds by Random Examination (831.3-2012)

File: 13-786
Question: When ASME 831.3-2012, para . 341.4.l(b)(l) requi res random exam ination of 5% of
circumferential girth or miter groove welds by radiography or ultrasonk examination for Normal
Fluid Service, must all welds in the lot be completed prior to the completion of the required
examinations on the selected welds?
Reply: The Code does not address this issue. See previous interpretations 2-12 and 24-20.
Subject: Paras. 328.5.4(d) and (e), Use of a Branch Connection Where the Abutting Branch Pipe
Is Not Welded to the Run (B31.3-2012)
File: 13-789
Question: Under the rules of ASME B3l.3-2012, may a branch connection be added to a piping
run using branch attachment details other than specified by para. 328.5.4(d), which require fully
penetrated groove welds to the run pipe, or para. 328.5.4(e)?
Reply: No, unless qualified in accordance with paras. 300(c)(3), 300(c)(4), and 304.7.2.
1-11
e U> s
Subject: Para. 302.3.6(a), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads (831.3-2012)
Pile: 13-1331
Question (1): Is the final paragraph in para. 302.3.6(a) applicable to castings only?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3 permit the occasional stress of austenitic steel piping to rise
above yield?
Reply (2): Yes; however, see para. 302.3.2(e).
Subject: Para. 345.2.3{c), Closure Welds (831.3-2012)

File: 13-1499
Question: lf a pipe is bent in accordance with para. 306.2, can it be installed using closure
welds without being leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 323.3.5, Acceptance Criteria (831.3-2012)

File: 13-1508
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.S(a), do the acceptance criteria
for minimum energy requirements apply to carbon and low alloy steels having specified minimum
tensile strengths equal to or greater than 656 MPa (95 ksi) or for high alloy steels (P-Nos. 6, 7,
and 8)?
Reply {l): No. Sec para. 323.3.S(b) for acceptance criteria for these materials.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.5(c), are the acceptance criteria
for weld impact test requirements applicable for clad-pipe to clad-pipe welds?
Reply (2): No. See paras. 323.3.S{a) and 323.3.5{b).
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.S{c), when dissimilar base metals
(e.g., Pl and P8) are joined by welding and the weld metal has a tensile strength most closely
matching that of the P8 base material, shall the acceptance criteria for impact tests conform to
the lateral expansion requirements of para. 323.3.S(b)?
Reply (3): Yes.
1-12
Copyright © 20 I5 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. <fj};;.
•
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~ 0

Subject: Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals (B31.3-2008)
File: 13-1548
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2008, when ASTM 8423 N08825 base metal is welded
by SFA-5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 filler metal, do the rules of Table 323.2.2, Box A-6(b) require
that testing in accordance w ith Box B-6 be performed?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals (631.3-2008)

File: 13-1549
Question: In accordance w ith ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.3.1, box A-5, is the qualified thickness
range T / 2 to T + 6 mm (!'4 in.)?
Reply: Yes. Also see previous Interpretation 4-17.
Subject: Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (831.3-1996 Edition Through
831 .3-2012)
File: 13-709
Question: ls it the intent of ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2012, para. 341.3.3
to allow replacement welds for rejected welds to be examined by any nondestructive (NOE)
method that is allowed for the original welds, as it is for high pressure piping system welds in
K341.3.3, rather than requiring the same NDE m ethod as used on the original defective welds?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Para. 341.3.l(a), NOE After PWHT for P-Nos. 3, 4, and 5 Materials (831.3-2010)
File: 11-1769
Question: A piping assembly made of P-No. 5 material consisting of severa l welds is furnace
heat treated and radiographed. One of those welds is defective and repaired. The assembly is
then heat treated again. ls it the intent of para. 341.3.l(a) that all of the welds in that piping
assembly be radiographcd again?
Reply: No.
1-13
Copyright © 20 15 by lhe American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made oflhis material without wri tten consent of ASME. ~
ASME B31.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
mittee. As stated in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not “approve,”
“certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Appendix Z.

I-1
B31.3
Chapters V and VI (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-09 14-483

Chapter VI (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-27 14-1817
Fig. 323.2.2B, General Notes, Allowable Stress, S, at Temperature Lower
Than Impact Test Temperature/Minimum Temperature (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . 25-12 14-1182
Fig. 328.5.4D, Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-20 14-1470
Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-40 15-2053
Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing Materials
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-39 15-2052
Para. 302.3.5(c), Stress Due to Sustained Loads (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-02 14-44
Paras. 304.3, 304.7.2, and 300.2, Branch Connections, Unlisted
Components, and Definitions (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-11 14-1171
Paras. 304.3.4(d)(4), Limitations on Radius (B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-31 15-788
Para. 304.7.2, Clarification of Pressure Design Using Proof Testing
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-19 14-1466
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Other Components, Unlisted Components
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-03 14-257
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2006 Through B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . 25-08 14-482
Para. 306.1, Pipe Fittings (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-41 15-2061
Paras. 323.2.2(d), (d)(1), and (d)(2), and Fig. 323.2.2B, Impact Tested
Material (B31.3-2008 Through B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-32 15-810
Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.1, Item A-4, Impact Testing Requirements for 15-1992,
Metals (B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-37 15-1995
Para. 323.3.5(d), Retest for Impact Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-38 15-1997
Para. 323.4.3, Cladding and Lining Materials (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-25 14-1683
Paras. 328.2 and U341.4.1, Welding Radiography (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-26 14-1790
Para. 328.5.1(c), Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications
(B31.3-2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-35R 09-1003
Paras. 331.1.3(a)(2) and (c), Preheat and PWHT Governing Thickness
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-30 15-616
Para. 333.1.2, Soldering Qualification (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-06 14-433
Para. 335.1(c), Alignment of Assembly and Erection (B31.3-1999) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-01 13-1677
Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . 25-13 14-1259,
14-1266
Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-14 14-1287
Para. 341.3.4(f), Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . 25-05 14-355
Paras. 341.4.1(b), 345.2.3(c), and 345.2.6, and Figs. 328.5.4D and 328.5.4E,
Branch Attachment Welds and Radiography (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-17 14-1383
Paras. 344.2 and 342.1, Visual Examination (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-21R 13-710
Paras. 345.1, 345.2.3, and 345.9, Leak Test (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-23 14-1681
Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing, Closure Welds
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-34 15-1723
Paras. 345.2.3(c) and K345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-24 14-1682
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-07 14-435
Para. 345.5.5, Pneumatic Leak Test Procedure (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-04 14-269
Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-28 14-1907
Para. K304.7.3, Components With Nonmetallic Parts (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-33 15-1690
Para. K331.1.1(b), Minimum Difference Between Tempering and PWHT
Temperature (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-10 14-690
Paras. M341/341 and M345/345, Examination and Testing: VT/PT/MT
and RT/UT Versus Leak Testing and Pressure Testing (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . 25-18 14-1401
Para. X302.2.3, Leak Test Under Pneumatic Condition on Appendix X
Expansion Joints (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-16 14-1372
Table 302.3.5, Para. 302.2.4, and Para. 302.3.5(e), Pressure and
Temperature Conditions (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-42 15-2137
I-2
Table 308.2.1, Flange Thickness (B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-36 15-1885

Table 323.2.2, Items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and Paras. 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2),
Use of Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures
(B31.3-2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-03R 08-477
Table 323.3.1, Column B, Simulation Heat Treatment for Low
Temperature Carbon Steel Piping Material (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-22 14-1553
Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedures With Impact Tests (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-29 15-586
Table K326.1 and Para. K323.3, HP Valve Product Codes (B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . 25-35 15-1804
I-3
Subject: Table 323.2.2, Items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and Paras. 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2), Use of Austenitic
Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures (ASME B31.3-2006)
File: 08-477
Question: Does the code permit austenitic stainless steel materials listed in Table A-1 to be
used to the minimum temperatures listed regardless if they are seamless or welded product
form?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2, items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and applicable
Notes in Table A-1 are followed.
Subject: Para. 328.5.1(c), Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications (B31.3-2008)

File: 09-1003
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c) require that tack welds be made to a qualified
WPS for that joint?
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c) provide rules for the qualification of welders
or welding operators depositing tack welds?
I-4
Subject: Paras. 344.2 and 342.1, Visual Examination (B31.3-2012)

File: 13-710
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2012 have any qualification requirements for visual examiners
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2012 require individuals to be qualified for visual examination
as described in paras. 342.1 and 344.2 when performing visual examinations of weld joints to
meet the examination requirements of para. 341.4.1(a) and the engineering design?
Reply (2): Yes.
as described in paras. 342.1 and 344.2 when performing visual examinations of weld joints beyond
the examination requirements of para. 341.4.1(a) and the engineering design?
Reply (3): No.
and 344.2?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: Para. 335.1(c), Alignment of Assembly and Erection (B31.3-1999)

File: 13-1677
Question (1): Does the Code specify who is responsible for meeting the flange alignment
requirements of ASME B31.3-1999, para. 335.1(c)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): May the flange alignment requirements of ASME B31.3-1999, para. 335.1(c) be
verified by measuring the parallelism between flanges?
I-5
Subject: Para. 302.3.5(c), Stress Due to Sustained Loads (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-44
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, does the phrase “all possible support
scenarios” in para. S302.6.2 include the effects of liftoff due to the effects of temperature?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, are the requirements of para. 302.3.5(c)
satisfied by compliance with ASME B31.3-2012, Appendix P, para. P302.3.5?
Reply (2): No, Appendix P does not provide an alternative to 302.3.5(c). See para. P300(c).
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Other Components, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-257
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, do branch outlet fittings in accordance
with MSS SP-97 require qualification in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply (1): No; see para. 303.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, do tees and reducing tees in accordance
with ASME B16.9 require qualification in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Subject: Para. 345.5.5, Pneumatic Leak Test Procedure (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-269
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.5 specify the method of examination for
leakage under the provisions of para. 345.2.2(a)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.5, are leak detection fluids,
noble gas leak detection methods, pressure gauge measurements, and other methods prohibited
during the examination for leakage during a pneumatic leak test?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, are examination personnel qualifications
in para. 342 and examination procedures in para. 343 required for para. 345.5.5?
Reply (3): No. See Interpretation 24-07.
I-6
Subject: Para. 341.3.4(f), Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2010)

File: 14-355
Question: A weld in an examination lot is found defective, is replaced or repaired, and is again
found defective. Per para. 341.3.4(f) of ASME B31.3-2010, does the second failure of this weld
require further progressive examinations?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 333.1.2, Soldering Qualification (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-433
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 include qualification criteria for solderers?

Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-435
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.4, for piping connected with no
isolation capability and different design pressures, does the Code permit the pneumatic test
pressure to be less than 1.1 times the highest design pressure or more than 1.33 times the lowest
design pressure?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2006 Through B31.3-2012)

File: 14-482
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 through ASME B31.3-2012, para. 304.7.2(a),
does the Code limit the source of the extensive, successful service experience?
Reply: No.
I-7
Subject: Chapters V and VI (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2012)

File: 14-483
Question: Do ASME B31.3-1996 through B31.3-2012 require that welding-related requirements

presented in B31.3 Chapters V and VI, including weld acceptance criteria, welding procedures,
and welding and nondestructive examination personnel certifications, be met in the manufacture
of unlisted components meeting the requirements of para. 302.2.3?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. K331.1.1(b), Minimum Difference Between Tempering and PWHT Temperature
(B31.3-2012)
File: 14-690
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K331.1.1, for welds other than longitudinal
in P-No. 1 quenched and tempered materials where heat treatment is required by the engineering
design, shall the heat treatment requirements specified in Table 331.1.1 apply?
Reply: Yes, unless the requirements in para. K331.1.1(b) apply or the provisions of para. 331.2.2
are met.
Subject: Paras. 304.3, 304.7.2, and 300.2, Branch Connections, Unlisted Components, and
Definitions (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1171
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 permit the use of a branch connection fitting qualified in
accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply: Yes, provided the other applicable requirements of the Code are met.
I-8
Subject: Fig. 323.2.2B, General Notes, Allowable Stress, S, at Temperature Lower Than Impact
Test Temperature/Minimum Temperature (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1182
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Fig. 323.2.2B, General Note (a)(1), is S the
allowable stress listed in the column “Min. Temp. to 100” of Table A-1?
Reply (1): Yes. Also see para. 323.2.2(e).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Fig. 323.2.2B, General Note (a)(2), is the
component pressure rating used to determine the stress ratio the component pressure rating at
the temperature for the condition under consideration?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1259, 14-1266
Question: If a weld that is part of an examination lot is repaired or replaced by the same or a
different welder, is the repair or replacement weld subject to progressive sampling?
Reply: No. See para. 341.3.3 and Interpretation 16-01.
Subject: Para. 341.3.4, Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1287
Question: When both radiography and ultrasonic examination are acceptable methods in accor-
dance with the engineering design, and a weld defect is located, may progressive sampling of
welds per para. 341.3.4(a) be performed by either of these examination methods?
Reply: Yes.
File: 14-1312
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 permit the use of a branch connection using a branch connec-
tion fitting conforming to the referenced edition of MSS SP-97?
I-9
Subject: Para. X302.2.3, Leak Test Under Pneumatic Condition on Appendix X Expansion Joints
(B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1372
Question: If a pneumatic leak test is performed in accordance with the requirements of

para. X302.2.3, does the Code permit the use of a test pressure value of 1.1 times the design
pressure in accordance with the rules of para. 345.5.4?
Reply: No.
Subject: Paras. 341.4.1(b), 345.2.3(c), and 345.2.6, and Figs. 328.5.4D and 328.5.4E, Branch
Attachment Welds and Radiography (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1383
Question (1): Are welds attaching contour outlet fittings to the run pipe as shown in Fig. 328.5.4E,
sketch (1) in a Normal Fluid Service piping system required to be included in the random
radiographic or ultrasonic examinations of para. 341.4.1(b)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): May branch connection welds that cannot be fully examined by radiography or
ultrasonic examination, such as those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D, be considered closure welds in
accordance with para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): May welds connecting contour outlet fittings to a run pipe, like those shown in
Fig. 328.5.4E, sketch (1), be considered closure welds per para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): May a socket weld that cannot be fully examined by radiography or ultrasonic
examination be considered a closure weld in accordance with para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): May welds connecting a contour outlet fitting to the run pipe and to the branch
pipe, as shown in Fig. 328.5.4E, sketch (1), both be considered closure welds per para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (5): Yes; see Interpretation 22-16.
I-10
Subject: Paras. M341/341 and M345/345, Examination and Testing: VT/PT/MT and RT/UT
Versus Leak Testing and Pressure Testing (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1401
Question (1): Are the leak tests required in para. 345.1 independent from the examinations
required in para. 341.4.1?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 345.1, are the applicable examinations required by
para. 341 to be performed prior to leak testing?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Clarification of Pressure Design Using Proof Testing (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1466
Question: Does the Code permit substantiation of the pressure design of an unlisted component
using a proof test in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c) when the component will be used at
temperatures where time-dependent properties govern allowable stress values?
Reply: Yes.
I-11
Subject: Fig. 328.5.4D, Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1470
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 prohibit branch connections like those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D
to be installed through a circumferential butt weld?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): If branch connections like that shown in Fig. 328.5.4D are installed through a
circumferential butt weld, must the Code-required leak test be performed prior to installation of
any required ring or saddle reinforcement?
Reply (2): No, provided that all joints and connections are examined for leaks during the leak
test, as required in para. 345.2.2(a).
Question (3): If branch connections like those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D are installed through a
circumferential butt weld that requires examination, does the portion of the weld that will be
covered by the reinforcement ring or saddle require examination of the weld prior to installation
of the ring or saddle?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): Does ASME B31.3 allow branch connections like those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D to
be installed through a longitudinal butt weld in pipe?
Reply (4): Yes.
be installed through the weld intersection of a longitudinal butt weld in pipe and a circumferential
butt weld?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): Does ASME B31.3 provide any rules, restrictions, or limits for the distance between
circumferential butt welds in a piping assembly?
Reply (6): No.
File: 14-1482
Question: Does para. 341.3.4(e) require that all welds represented by the progressive sampling
in para. 341.3.4(c) be evaluated in accordance with para. 341.3.4(e)(1) or (e)(2)?
Reply: Yes.
I-12
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Column B, Simulation Heat Treatment for Low Temperature Carbon Steel
Piping Material (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1553
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Table 323.3.1, is item B-3 applicable to
manufacturers?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, is it mandatory to procure Low Temperature
Carbon Steel (LTCS) fittings of thickness greater than 20 mm to be tested with simulation heat
treatment?
Subject: Paras. 345.1, 345.2.3, and 345.9, Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1681
Question (1): When the owner considers hydrostatic and pneumatic leak testing impracticable,
does para. 345.1(c) allow use of the alternative leak test per para. 345.9, provided at least one
condition in each of paras. 345.1(c)(1) and (c)(2) are met?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does para. 345.1 require leak testing of each piping system, except for specific
joints where the provisions of para. 345.2.3 are applicable?
Subject: Paras. 345.2.3(c) and K345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1682
Question (1): May a through-wall or partial weld removal and repair of a weld that has
previously passed the required leak test be examined in accordance with the requirements of
para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (1): No; however, see para. 300(c)(3).
Question (2): May a through-wall or partial weld removal and repair of a weld in a High
Pressure Fluid Service system meeting Chapter IX, which has previously passed the required
leak test, be examined in accordance with the requirements of para. K345.2.3(c)?
I-13
Subject: Para. 323.4.3, Cladding and Lining Materials (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1683
Question (1): Shall the stress caused by differential thermal expansion between the metallic
liner and base metal be considered in the piping design?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 301.7.3.
Question (2): Is the residual base metal hoop stress caused by liner mechanical expansion
during fabrication required to be included in the base metal pipe pressure design wall thickness
calculations?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does the Code prescribe specific methodology for flexibility analyses of lined pipe?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Paras. 328.2 and U341.4.1, Welding Radiography (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1790
Question (1): May a welding operator be qualified by radiography of his/her initial production
welding?
Question (2): May the production welding be examined by weld coupon examination in lieu
of radiography?
Reply (2): Yes, in accordance with para. U341.4.1.
Question (3): May weld coupon examination be used for welding operator’s performance
qualification in lieu of radiography?
Reply (3): No.
I-14
Subject: Chapter VI (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1817
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 provide an acceptance criterion for the amount of base
material deformation adjacent to butt welds, commonly referred to as “hoop shrinkage,” shown
in the following diagram?
Fig. 25-27 Schematic Showing Shrinkage in Buttwelded Pipe
CL of weld
␦, max radial shrinkage
CL of weld
GENERAL NOTE: Diagram extracted from “Analysis of Shrinkage in Stainless Steel Pipe to Pipe Butt Welds,”
Chakrapani Basavaraju, PVP1997 Conf Proc, Vol 347; 231–244. ASME ©1997.
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1907
Question: When the owner elects to apply alternative leak-testing provisions given in para. 345.9
as permitted by para. 345.1(c), does the Code require that all of the requirements described in
para. 345.9 be followed?
Reply: Yes.
I-15
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedures With Impact Tests (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-586
Question: The requirements for qualification of a welding procedure with impact tests given
in Table 323.3.1 are different from the requirements of ASME Section IX, QW-403.6. Moreover,
QG-100(b) of Section IX states that the rules of the construction code take precedence over the
rules of Section IX. Does the Code require Table 323.3.1 be applied when qualifying a welding
procedure with impact tests?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Paras. 331.1.3(a)(2) and (c), Preheat and PWHT Governing Thickness (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-616
Question (1): In para. 331.1.3(a)(2), does the phrase “the thickness of the materials being joined
at the weld” mean the nominal thickness of the materials being joined at the weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In para. 331.1.3(a)(2), does the phrase “the thickness of the pressure-containing
material” mean the nominal thickness of the pressure-containing material?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In para. 331.1.3(c), does the phrase “the thicker of the materials being joined at
the weld” mean the nominal thickness at the weld of the thicker of the materials being joined?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: Para. 304.3.4(d)(4), Limitations on Radius (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-788
Question: Does para. 304.3.4(d)(4) apply only to extruded outlets?

Reply: Yes; see para. 304.3.1(a).
I-16
Subject: Paras. 323.2.2(d), (d)(1), and (d)(2), and Fig. 323.2.2B, Impact Tested Material (B31.3-2008
Through B31.3-2014)
File: 15-810
Question (1): For a carbon steel material, when applying the rules of paras. 323.2.2(d) and
(d)(2) in B31.3-2014, if the design metal temperature is colder than −55°F but at or warmer than
−155°F, and the stress ratio as defined in Fig. 323.2.2B does not exceed 0.3, does the Code require
impact tested material if the piping under question
(a) may experience shock loading or thermal bowing?
(b) contains welds between dissimilar materials?
Reply (1):
(a) Yes.
(b) Yes.
(d)(1) in B31.3-2008 through B31.3-2012, if the design metal temperature is -55°F or warmer, and
the stress ratio as defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is less than 1.0, is the designer required to consider
shock loading or thermal bowing and/or welds between dissimilar materials, beyond what is
required in paras. 301.4 through 301.11 of the Code, when using Fig. 323.2.2B?
Subject: Para. K304.7.3, Components With Nonmetallic Parts (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-1690
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, is a valve considered to be
a piping component?
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, may O-rings and lip seals
acting as gaskets or packing be used in valves in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, may nonmetallic seats be
used in valves in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing, Closure Welds (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1723
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2014, para. 345.2.3(c) permit the use of a socket weld that cannot
be 100% examined in accordance with paras. 344.5 or 344.6 as a closure weld?
Reply: No.
I-17
Subject: Table K326.1 and Para. K323.3, HP Valve Product Codes (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1804
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, may API Specification 6A piping components
be used in Chapter IX High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply: No, unless the requirements of para. K302.2.3 are met.
Subject: Table 308.2.1, Flange Thickness (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-1885
Question: May slip-on flanges be used as lapped flanges within the size ranges specified in
Table 308.2.1 when the thickness at the bolt circle satisfies the minimum requirements for slip-
on flanges, but does not meet the minimum requirements for lapped flanges?
Reply: No, unless pressure design is qualified per para. 304.5.1.
Subject: Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.1, Item A-4, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
(B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1992 and 15-1995
Question (1): For welds made by the fabricator, does ASME B31.3-2014, Table 323.3.1, item 4
require the heat treatment of test pieces to be the same as for production welds?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): For welds made by the component manufacturer, does ASME B31.3-2014,
Table 323.3.1, item 4 require the heat treatment of test pieces to be the same as for production
welds?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2014, Table 323.3.1, item 4 require that separate test pieces be
qualified individually using base materials in the various heat treated conditions (e.g., as-rolled,
normalized, quenched and tempered, etc.)?
Reply (3): No.
I-18
Subject: Para. 323.3.5(d), Retest for Impact Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-1997
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, para. 323.3.5(d)(1), where the average absorbed
energy value in Charpy V-notch impact test results exceeds the minimum required value for a
single specimen, two individual values are below the required average value, and one of the
individual values is below the minimum required value for a single specimen, is a retest permitted?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing Materials (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-2052
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit the use of an unlisted piping component manufactured
using the additive manufacturing process?
Reply: Yes, provided it meets all of the requirements of the Code, including the material being
qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 323.1.2, and the component meeting the
requirements of paras. 326.1.2 and 326.2.2.
Subject: Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-2053
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 permit the use of an unlisted piping component manufactured
Reply (1): Yes, provided it meets all of the requirements of the Code, including the material
being qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 323.1.2, and the component meeting
the requirements of paras. 326.1.2 and 326.2.2.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 provide different requirements for piping that is inside a
secondary containment?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): According to ASME B31.3, may piping that is inside a secondary containment
be considered to be safeguarded?
Reply (3): Yes. See Appendix G.
I-19
Subject: Para. 306.1, Pipe Fittings (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014)

File: 15-2061
Question (1): Does the Code address the pressure boundary portions of an instrument that is
inserted through a threaded, welded, or flanged joint?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the Code address the pressure boundary portions of a thermowell that is
Subject: Table 302.3.5, Para. 302.2.4, and Para. 302.3.5(e), Pressure and Temperature Conditions
(B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014)
File: 15-2137
Question (1): Are the values to be determined for W to be based on anticipated coincident
operating pressure and temperature conditions?
Reply (1): Yes; see Table 302.3.5, General Note (c).
Question (2): May a value of W p 1.0 be used for the assessment of pressure and temperature
conditions that exceed the anticipated long-term operating conditions?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the requirements of paras. 302.2.4 and 302.3.5(e) are satisfied.
I-20
Subject: B31.3-2014-B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Column A (b)

Applicability to Longitudinally Welded Seam Components
File: 17-1781
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, may welded austenitic

stainless steel pipe and fittings, with carbon content less than or equal to 0.1%
and furnished in the solution heat-treated condition, be used at temperatures
equal to or warmer than those listed in the Minimum Temperature Column of
Table A-I for the particular alloy in question without impact testing of the base
metal?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-
4(a) apply to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4
(b) apply only to welds performed on austenitic stainless steel piping by the
fabricator?
Reply 3: Yes.
Question 4: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, does para. 323.2.2(f) apply to
welds (with or without filler metal added) that are not subsequently solution heat
treated?
Reply 4: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Process Piping, Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8, Leak Testing
File: 16-2465
Question 1: To comply with Section 345, must a piping system be leak tested at the factory
fully assembled, or can individual pipe spools and equipment be tested
separately as suggested in para. 345.2.3(a)?
Reply 1: The committee believes your question can be answered by previous

interpretation 20-24, a copy of which is attached.
Question 2: If a piping system in Normal Fluid Service has passed a hydrostatic leak test in
accordance with para. 345.4 or a pneumatic leak test in accordance with para.
345.5 or a hydrostatic-pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.6, is a
sensitive leak test in accordance with para. 345.8 required?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Application of a Detailed Stress

Analysis Performed Using a Numerical Method
File: 16-1009
Question: If the designer performs a finite element method evaluation of an unlisted

component that is accepted by the owner in accordance with para. 300(c)(3), is
the designer required to perform the calculation to be substantiated in
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2010, Interpretation of Para. K328.2.1(b), Welding Qualifications
File: 18-911
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(b) is a separate

qualification of the welding procedure required for each combination of base
material specification(s) forming a joint, even if the material type or grade
remains the same?
Reply 1: Yes, unless para. K328.2.1(f) applies.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2010, if a welded joint comprised of two

different material specifications with the same type or grade in Chapter lX, High
Pressure Piping, is qualified, does the welding procedure also qualify welding of
each individual base material to itself?
Reply 2: No; see para. K328.2.1(b).
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Welds Notes
“K”
File: 17-992
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation or acceptance of the depth of root
surface concavity on a radiographic film through use of film density differential?
Reply 1: The Committee believes your question can be answered by previous
Interpretations 6-04, Question (2) and Reply (2) and 16-07, copies of which are
attached.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2012, Table 341.3.2 address evaluation or acceptance of the
depth of root surface concavity or total joint thickness, including weld
reinforcement, by visual examination?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation of the depth of root surface
concavity or total joint thickness, including weld reinforcement, by ultrasonic
thickness measurements?
Reply 3: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4(a) Progressive Sampling for

Examination
File: 15-2246
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 para. 341.3.4, when required spot
examination reveals a defect and progressive sampling is required, may “two
additional samples of the same kind” allow two additional spot examinations of
the same joint?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 para. 341.3.4, when required random
examination reveals a defective joint and progressive sampling is required, does
“two additional samples of the same kind” mean two additional joints?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331 Weld between “Non Pressure Part” on
Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 15-2767
Question: Do ASME B31.3, para. 331 postweld heat treatment requirements apply to that
portion of an integral attachment where a non-pressure containing component is
welded to a non-pressure containing component?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Code Case 180, Leak Testing of Subassemblies of

Jacketed Piping for Use in ASME B31.3 Piping Systems
File: 16-577
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, Code Case 180, is a leak test in
accordance with para. 345.1 required in addition to the Sensitive Leak Test?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4 Progressive Sampling
File: 16-843
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, does para. 341.3.4 apply when welds are
made by more than one welder or welding process?
Reply: Yes. Also see Interpretation #1-62.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 321 Piping Supports
File: 16-892
Question 1: Paragraph 321.3 Structural Attachments states “External and internal

attachments to piping shall be designed”; does this mean that piping support
elements must be designed in accordance with 304.7.2 if the items are not
listed?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Table 326.1 contains a reference to MSS SP 58; are other pipe support elements
required to be designed in accordance with 304.7.2?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 345.1 Testing Responsibility

File: 16-907
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address who is responsible for performing the leak test
required by para. 345.1?
Reply: No. The Code requires that leak testing be performed. The Code does not
specify who is responsible for performing the leak test.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Proposed Revision to Para. 345.1 Required Leak Test
File: 16-951
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2014, para. 345.1, prohibit use of solids to displace a portion
of the test fluid during a leak test?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2002, Interpretation of Para. 345.2.3(c) Closure Welds
File: 16-1130
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a weld joint in a piping system that had
been successfully leak tested is subsequently completely removed and replaced
with a new weld joint or joints, can that new weld joint or joints be treated as
closure welds if all provisions of para. 345.2.3(c) are met?
Reply: Yes.
“K”
File: 16-1557
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation or acceptance of weld root

concavity on a radiographic film through use of film density differential?

Interpretations 6-04, Question and Reply (2) and 16-07, copies of which are
attached.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2012, Table 341.3.2 address evaluation or acceptance of
weld root concavity or weld thickness (TW) by visual examination?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation of weld root concavity or weld
thickness (TW) by ultrasonic thickness measurements?
Reply 3: The Code does not address this.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 Reinforcement Allowed
File: 16-1559
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 Table 341.3.2, does Criterion Value Note
L allow the maximum external reinforcement plus the maximum internal
protrusion as the total reinforcement for welds?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Note 2 Impact Testing for Weld
Procedure Qualification
File: 16-1680
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 Edition, if impact tests that meet Table
323.3.1 were performed at -320°F as part of a weld procedure qualification, does
that satisfy Table 323.2.2 Note 2 and allow use of this weld procedure for B31.3
piping systems with design minimum temperature down to -423°F without
additional impact testing at the design minimum temperature?
Reply: No. See previous Interpretation 8-30, Question 3.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 302.2.2 List Components Not Having Specific
Ratings
File: 16-1876
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, may a listed component have its
pressure-temperature rating determined through one of the means in para. 304?
Reply: Yes, see para 303.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331.1.1, 331.1.3, and Table 331.1.1 PWHT
File: 16-2140
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 330.1.1, shall the nominal thickness of a
hubless ring-type flange be considered for determining preheat on a full
penetration groove weld through the thickness of the attached pipe?
Reply: Yes. See also para. 331.1.3(c).
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Flanges
File: 16-2507
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2016 para. 304.7.2 (a) permit the use of a metallic flange
without performing additional flange thickness calculations when designs are
checked for adequacy of mechanical strength as described in para. 302.5 and
documentation showing qualification for pressure design in accordance with
para. 304.7.2 is made available for the owner's approval?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Figure 328.5.4F Cover Fillet
File: 16-2522
Question: Do ASME B31.3-2014, paragraph 328.5.4(i) and Figure 328.5.4F require the
cover fillet weld to be made with a single pass?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 Determination of Tw for Note K
File: 16-2661
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address how to evaluate root concavity or total joint
thickness, including weld reinforcement, by radiography where visual access to
the internal surface is not possible?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 307.2.1 Bonnet Bolting
File: 16-2989
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, for fluid services other than Category D,
do quick opening closures need to have at least four bolts?
Reply: The Code does not address this issue.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 301.3.2 Uninsulated Component Design

Temperature
File: 16-3057
Question: Does the criteria in para. 301.3.2 (Uninsulated Components) that establish
component temperature apply to uninsulated components in a piping system that
is otherwise insulated?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 345.1(c)(1)(a) and 345.1(c)(1)(b) Required

Leak Test
File: 17-4
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, do all of the requirements in paras.

345.1(c)(1)(a) through 345.1(c)(1)(d) have to be met for para. 345.1(c)(1) to
apply?
Reply: No. If any of the requirements in (a) through (d) are met, then para. 345.1(c)(1)
applies.
Subject: B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331 Post Weld Heat
Treatment
File: 17-24
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014, is postweld heat

treatment required for P-No. 11C material?
Reply 1: No, unless required by the WPS or the engineering design.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, is postweld heat treatment required for
over 50 mm (2 in) thick P-No. 1 welded to P-No. 11C if the exemption
requirements in Table 331.1.3 are met?
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table A-1 Aluminum Casting
File: 17-220
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2014 Edition, is cast aluminum ASTM B26,
Grade A356.0, Temper T6, UNS A13560 a listed material?
Reply 1: No.
Grade 356.0, Temper T6, UNS A03560 a listed material?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2014 Edition, may cast aluminum ASTM B26,
Grade A356.0, Temper T6, UNS A13560 that is dual marked and dual certified
as grade 356.0/A356.0 use the Table A-1 or A-1M allowable stresses for grade
356.0?
Reply 3: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Note 77 in Appendix A
File: 17-562
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, does Appendix A, Note (77) also
include the P-number/Group number designation of API 5L grades of pipe to
CSA Z245.1 grades of pipe?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, does Appendix A, Note (77) apply
to fittings in accordance with CSA Z245.11 or flanges in accordance with CSA
Z245.12?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. K328.2 Welder Performance Qualification
File: 17-866
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, are the requirements in para. K328.2.1(b)
applicable to welder and welding operator performance qualifications?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 323.1.2 Use of SA-193-B8 Class 2B Bolts
File: 17-1107
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, may para. 323.1.2 Unlisted
Materials be used to qualify unlisted material ASTM A193 or ASME SA193,
Grade B8, Class 2B bolting with diameter greater than 38 mm (1.5 inches) and
less than or equal to 75 mm (3 inches) be used in B31.3 construction?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, are Tables A-2 and A-2M Notes
(15) and (60) applicable to a bolting material that is unlisted in Table A‐2 or A-
2M, Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials?
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 304.3.3 and 328.5.4 Complete Encirclement

Reinforcement Pad over a Longitudinal Welded Pipe

File: 17-1793
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2014 prohibit installation of a complete encirclement

reinforcement pad over a longitudinal welded pipe?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2014 prohibit reinforcement pad fillet welds from crossing a
longitudinal pipe weld seam?
Reply 2: No.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2014 provide requirements or guidance specific to fillet welds,
which cross a longitudinal pipe weld seams?
Reply 3: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 304.3.1 “General” (a)(2) Unlisted Branch

Connections
File: 17-1965
Question: ASME B31.3-2014 Para. 304.3.1, is the limitation of DN 80 (NPS 3) related to

only the coupling?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 328.5.2 Weld Fitting to SO/SW Flange
File: 17-2236
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, does the Code prohibit welding a
buttwelding fitting to a slip-on or socket weld component?
Reply: No. The Code is not a design handbook. Many decisions that must be made to
produce a sound piping installation are not specified in detail within this Code.
The Code does not serve as a substitute for sound engineering judgments by the
owner and the designer.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 300(c)(3) Design and Acceptance of Code

Prohibitions

File: 17-2465
Question: Does the Code permit para. 300(c)(3) to be used to accept a design that is
specifically not permitted elsewhere in the Code?
Reply: Yes, provided the details of design, construction, examination, testing, and
calculations are consistent with the design criteria of this Code.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 335.2.5 Flanged Assembly
File: 17-2704
Question: Does ASME B31.3 require that the BPV Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix
2 be considered to determine bolt initial assembly stress?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Dissimilar Weld and Base Metal
File: 17-3098
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, Table 323.2.2 Box A-3(a), for
ASTM A333 Gr.6 base metal that is internally lined or clad with UNS N08825, is it
required to perform additional impact tests on the base metal when used at a
design minimum temperature warmer than the value in the Min. Temp. column in
Table A-1/A-1M?
Reply 1: No, provided the lining or cladding process does not affect the metallurgy of the
base metal.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, Table 323.2.2 Box A-3(b), for an
ASTM A333 Gr.6 base metal internally lined or clad with UNS N08825 and
welded with ER NiCrMo-3 weld metal, is impact testing of the HAZ and weld
metal required when used at a design minimum temperature colder than -29°C (-
20°F) and warmer than the value in the Min. Temp. column in Table A-1/A-1M?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Stress
Limits

File: 17-3163
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3 prohibit the actual assembled bolt stress from exceeding the
listed Table A-2 bolt allowable stress?
Reply 1: No. See para 304.5.1(e) and 335.2.5.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3 provide limits for stress of bolts in the actual assembled
condition?
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 304.1.1(b) Variable Definition
File: 17-3206
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2016 include the mill tolerance on pipe wall thickness in the
variable “c” in Eqn. (2)?
Reply 1: No. For mill tolerance, see 304.1.1(a).
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2016 require inclusion of the tolerance on diameter in the
variables “d” and “D”?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 / Figure 341.3.2 (c) Incomplete

Penetration
File: 18-95
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 for the purpose of evaluation of

incomplete penetration by radiography, would incomplete penetration also apply
if there was a missed root edge but no misalignment in Figure 341.3.2(c)?
Reply: Yes. See also Fig. 341.3.2(d).
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 328.2.2 Ownership of Welding Procedures
File: 18-164
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, may a contractor follow a WPS that has
been qualified by another company in accordance with the requirements of para.
328.2.2?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, does para. 328.2.2 take precedence over
the rules of ASME Section IX?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 326.1 General Note (b) Evaluation of Unlisted
Materials
File: 18-410
Question: Does the Code require materials used by standards listed in Table 326.1 to be
evaluated in accordance with para. 323.1.2?
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Paras. 301.2, 300.1.3, Fig 300.1.1 Packaged or

Process Equipment
File: 18-621
Question: Does the Code require that multiple stage process equipment be defined as
packaged equipment?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 344.6.2 Acceptance Criteria for UT, Linear
Indication for Ultrasonics
File: 18-662
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, does the Code define a linear-type
discontinuity?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012-B31.3-2016, Intent Interpretation of Para. 328.6 Weld Repair
File: 18-913 and 18-907
Question: Is it the intent of ASME B31.3 para. 328.6, 2012 through 2018, that only
Standard Welding Procedure Specifications described in paragraph 328.2.1 are
permitted for weld repair?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2/Symbol E Porosity
File: 18-1018
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, symbol E (size and
distribution of internal porosity), do the acceptable limits apply to all
configurations of porosity?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Note (55) of Table A-1/A-1M Heat Treatment of X

grades of API 5L
File: 18-1051
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, may X grades of API 5L pipe be
used?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, are X grades of API 5L pipe made
of TMCP (Thermo-Mechanically Controlled Process) steel plates considered to
be in the “as-rolled” condition in accordance with Table A-1/A-1M Note (55)?
Reply 2: The Code does not specifically address this issue.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of 328.4.2(a)(1) End Preparation on Surface
Thermally Affected by Previous Welding and Cutting
File: 18-1311
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2016, para. 328.4.2(a)(1) prohibit end preparation on material
surfaces previously welded?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2016, para. 328.4.2(a)(1) provide requirements or guidance

about minimum length of material to be removed from previously welded
surfaces?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 - Box A-3(b)B Impact Test

Requirements for Welding ASTM A333 Grade 6 Material
File: 18-1529
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, Box A-3(b) for welding ASTM
A333 grade 6 material with design minimum temperature between -29°C (-20°F)
and -46°C (-50°F) is impact testing in accordance with paragraph 323.3 required
for weld metal deposit and heat affected zone?
Reply: Yes. See also Table 323.3.1, Box 6.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Proof Testing Requirements
File: 18-1572
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, para. 304.7.2(c), are the proof test
requirements of the selected referenced code to be followed?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, para. 304.7.2(c), must an unlisted piping
component being proof tested meet the overall scope description of the selected
referenced code (MSS SP-97, ASME B16.9, or ASME BPVC Section VIII, Div.
1)?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 301.2.2 Required Pressure Containment or

Relief
File: 18-1598
Question: Does ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, para. 301.2.2(a), define the highest expected
pressure during service?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4 Progressive Sampling for

Examination
File: 18-1624
Question: Two weld joints in a designated lot require progressive sampling (10% random
examination requirement by engineering design) and both joints reveal a
defective weld. In accordance with para. 341.3.4(a), are four additional samples
(two for each of the defective welds) from the original designated lot required to
be given the same type of examination?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Paras. 341.4.4, 344.1.2, 344.6.2, Appendix R

File: 18-1808
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3–2016, when ultrasonic examination is

performed in accordance with para. 341.4.4(b)(1) for Elevated Temperature Fluid
Services that requires 100% ultrasonic examination, does the code prohibit use
of ultrasonic shear-wave or automated or semi-automated ultrasonic examination
with computer-based ultrasonic data acquisition?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3–2016, are automated or semi-automated

ultrasonic examinations with computer-based ultrasonic data acquisition
classified as Special Methods in accordance with para. 344.1.2?
Reply 2: No.
Question 3: In accordance with ASME B31.3–2016, may automated or semi-automated
ultrasonic examination with computer-based ultrasonic data acquisition be used
to satisfy para. 344.6.2(a)?
Reply 3: Yes.

outside the requirements of Appendix R to satisfy the requirements of para.
341.4.4(b)(1)?
Reply 4: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 and Figure 323.2.2A Use of Curve D
for Normalized Carbon Steel Materials
File: 18-2198
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, does Figure 323.2.2A Note (3)
permit ASTM A671 and ASTM A672 pipe made from ASTM A516 normalized
plate to use curve D for determining impact test exemption if the pipe is not
normalized after forming and welding?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, does Column A of Table 323.2.2
apply to Curve D materials determined by Figure 323.2.2A, Note (3)?
Reply 2: Yes.
ASME B31.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendix Z.

1-1
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. @)
831.3 Versus U-Stamp ....................................................

Code Case 181. Table 1 ...................................................
Code Case 181. Table 1. Use of Altemative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria ...............................................................
Code Case 181. Use of Altemative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria ...............................................................
Fig. 328.28 and Para. 300.2. Definitions .....................................
Flame Arrester ...........................................................
Para . 300.2. Definition of Piping Component ................................
Paras . 300.2 and 301.3. Category D Design Temperature ......................
Para . 302.2.4. Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors .........................
Paras . 302.3.5(d) and P302.3.5(d), Allowable Stress Range and Allowable
Operating Stress Limit ..................................................
Para . 304.1.1. Pressure Thickness ...........................................
Paras . 304.3.5(e) and 319.3.6. Reinforcement Pad Thickness ...................
Para . 305.1. General Pipe ..................................................
Para . 322.6.3. System Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 323.2.2(d). Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing ...............
Para . 323.2.2(d). Use of Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing ........
Para . 323.2.2(f). Stainless Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 323.3. Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 328.5.1@). Weld Map and Welder Sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 328.5.1(c). Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications .............
Para . 328.5.4(d). Welded Branch Connections ................................
Para . 331.1.3. Poshveld Heat Treatment (PWHT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Para . 341.3.3. Defective Components and Workmanship ......................
Para . 341.4.1. Examination Normally Required ..............................
Para . 344.5.1. Radiographic Examination ....................................
Paras. 345.1. 345.3.4. and 345.5.1. Leak Testing/Limits of Tested Piping ........
Para . 345.2.3(a). Leak Testing ..............................................
Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8. Leak Testing ....................................
Para . 345.2.3(c). Closure Welds ............................................
Para . 345.3.1. Hydrotest ...................................................
Para . 345.3.1. Joints Exposed and Para . 326.3. Reference Documents ...........
Paras . 345.4 and 345.5. Leak Testing With Negative Pressure ..................
Pressure Design and Fatigue Cycles ........................................
Tables 302.3.4 and A-1B. Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes. Tubes. and
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 302.3.5. General Note (b). Critical Temperatures ........................
Table 323.2.2, A4(a) and A-4(b); Paras . 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2); Use of
Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures ...................
Table 323.3.4. Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction ....................
Table 326.1 and Appendix A. Listed Components............................
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds ................................
Table A-1. Basic Allowable Stresses for Metals ..............................
Table A-1. Material 25Cr-20Ni Pipe ........................................
Table A-1. Prohibition of API 5LX Grade Materials at Temperatures Exceeding
400°F .................................................................
Table B-1. Nonmetallic Piping .............................................
Weld Repair Requirements ................................................
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers .

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASME . @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.3, Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria
File: 08-472
Question (1): If a welding procedure has been qualified by impact testing for service at a
temperature of -46°C in accordance with para. 323.3, but the base material and weld material
were impact tested at a warmer temperature in accordance with their respective material specifica-
tions, may the weld procedure be used for service at temperatures as low as -46"C?
Reply (1): Yes, provided the essential variables, and supplemental essential variables in
ASME Section IX, are met.
Question (2): Is it required that the same brand and batch number of material, as used in weld
procedure qualification impact testing, be used for production welds?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 323.3.4, Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction
File: 08-476
Question: To qualify a material to -46"C, should a 5 mm Charpy impact specimen produced

from a 6.32 mm material thickness be tested at -50.1°C?
Reply: Yes; see para. 323.3.4(b).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 323.2.2, A-4(a) and A-4(b); Paras. 323.2.2(f)(l) and (2); Use of
Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures
File: 08-477
Question: Does the Code permit austenitic stainless steel materials listed in Table A-1 to be
used to the minimum temperatures listed regardless if they are a seamless or welded product
form?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2, A-4(a) and applicable Notes in Table A-1
are followed.
1-3
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Bngincers.
No reproduction rnay be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Pressure Design and Fatigue Cycles

File: 08-478
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 address fatigue due to pressure cycling?
Reply (1): Yes; see paras. 301.10, 302.2.4(d), 304.1.2(b), and K304.8, and also paras. 300(c)(3)
and (5).
Question (2): Does para. 302.3.5 address pressure cycling?

Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table 326.1 and Appendix A, Listed Components

File: 08-483
Question: Are piping and tube specifications listed in Appendix A considered to be listed
components and included as part of Table 326.1?
Reply: Yes. See Note (5) of Table 326.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Paras. 300.2 and 301.3, Category D Design Temperature
File: 08-594
Question: Can a fluid service that is nonflammable, nontoxic, and not damaging to human
tissues, with a design gage pressure not exceeding 1035 kPa and a design temperature less than
-2g°C, be classified as a Category D fluid service?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 302.3.5(d) and P302.3.5(d), Allowable Stress Range and
Allowable Operating Stress Limit
File: 08-603
Question: Where the value of the stress range factor,f, is permitted to be greater than 1, does
the Code permit the allowable stress range, SA, for displacement stresses and the allowable
operating stress limit, SoA,to be the greater of
(a) the value computed with f = 1 and without the f, limitations on S, and Sh
(b) the value computed with f > 1 with the f, limitations on S, and Sh?
Reply: Yes.

No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 344.5.1, Radiographic Examination

File: 08-469
Question: Per para. 344.5.1, do the recommended values listed in ASME BPV Code Section V,
Article 2, para. T-274 for geometric unsharpness requirements need to be met by the manufacturer
under T-285?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.3.1, Joints Exposed and Para. 326.3, Reference Documents
File: 08-471
Question: Do longitudinal weld joints in pipe meeting a standard listed in para. 326 have to
be exposed during leak testing in accordance with para. 345?
Reply: No; see para. 326.3.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Tables 302.3.4 and A-lB, Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes, Tubes,
and Fittings
File: 08-480
Question (1):Does the Code permit an EFW pipe produced without filler metal to be upgraded
to a weld joint quality factor of 1.00 through radiography?
Question (2): Do weld joint quality factors apply to circumferential welds?

Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 345.4 and 345.5, Leak Testing With Negative Pressure
File: 08-481
Question: Does the Code permit externally pressurized piping to be pneumatically tested using
an internal vacuum?
1-5
No rcproduction may be madc of this matcrial without writtcn consent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Table A-1, Prohibition of API 5LX Grade Materials at Temperatures
Exceeding 400°F
File: 08-595
Question (1):Are API 5L Grades X52 and X56 listed materials?

Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Can API 5L Grades X52 and X56 be used above 400°F?
Reply (2):No; see double bars (11) as defined in Note (7) and Note (55) of Table A-1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Code Case 181, Table 1

File: 08-474
Question: For wall thicknesses of less than 25 mm (1in.), must both the a/t and the t? limit in
Table 1 be satisfied?
Reply: Yes.
Subject:ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 345.1,345.3.4, and 345.5.1, Leak Testing/Limits of Tested Piping
File: 08-475
Question: Is it acceptable for a pneumatic leak test to be conducted with test medium continu-
ously added to compensate for known leaks so that the test pressure is maintained?
Reply: Yes, recognizing the additional hazards associated with pneumatic testing. See para.
345.5.1.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Engincen.

( No rcoroduction mav be made of this matcrial without wittcn consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8, Leak Testing

File: 08-593
Question (1): To comply with section 345, must a piping system be leak tested at the factory
fully assembled, or can individual pipe spools and equipment be tested separately as suggested
in para. 345.2.3(a)?
Question (2): If a piping system in Normal Fluid Service has passed a hydrostatic leak test in
accordance with para. 345.4, a pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.5, or a hydrostatic-
pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.6, is a sensitive leak test in accordance with
para. 345.8 required?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.2.3(c), Closure Welds

File: 08-596
Question (1): Does the Code permit a piping system consisting of piping subassemblies and/or
components to have more than one closure weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does the Code permit the leak test requirement of para. 345 to be replaced by
100% radiographic or ultrasonic examination?
Reply (2): No.
1-7
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Arncrican Society of Mechanical Bnginccrs.
No reproduction may be madc of this matcrial without writtcn conscnt of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 341.4.1, Examination Normally Required

File: 08-597
Question (1): Are the longitudinal welds made in accordance with material specifications listed
in Table A-1 or Table 326.1 required to be examined per para. 341.4.1@)(1)when intersecting a
circumferential weld that is being examined?
Reply (1): No; reference Table 341.3.2, Note (3).
with Chapter V that are intersected by a circumferential weld during fabrication, assembly, or
Reply (2):Yes.
with para. 302.2.3 that are intersected by a circumferential weld during fabrication, assembly, or
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): If specified in the engineering design or specifically authorized by the Inspector,
may in-process examination be substituted for radiographic examination required by para.
341.4.1(b)(l)on a weld-for-weld basis?
Question (5): May ultrasonic examination be substituted for radiographic examination for
welds made with the addition of filler metal shown in Table 302.3.4, No. 3 and 4 if
(a) designer determines the ultrasonic examination technique employed and the acceptance
criteria used will meet the acceptance limits established for defects in Table 341.3.2 for radiography
(b) designer documents the technique and criteria in the engineering design and also acknowl-
edges the Code Committee replies in Interpretation 11-05
(c) Owner accepts the validity of the technique and criteria and also acknowledges the Code
Committee replies in Interpretation 11-05
Reply (5): The Code does not specifically address this; see para. 300(c)(3).
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 345.2.3(a),Leak Testing

File: 08-1241
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, if flanged subassemblies of a piping

system have separately passed leak tests per para. 345.4, 345.5, or 345.6, does B31.3 require any
additional testing after assembly?
Reply: No.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Bnginecrs.

Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 331.1.3, Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

File: 08-1243
Question: If P-No. 1material of 19 mm thickness is welded to P-No. 1material that is nominally

25 mm but has been tapered bored to 19 mm at the weld joint, is PWHT required?
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Paras. 304.3.5(e) and 319.3.6, Reinforcement Pad Thickness
File: 08-1244
Question (1):Does the Code provide a maximum reinforcing pad thickness for pressure design?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the Code prohibit the use of more than one reinforcing pad, such as the
use of two 3-mm pads to provide 6-mm pad thickness?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does the Code reference complete encirclement reinforcement?

Reply (3): Yes. See para. 304.3.5(e).
Question (4): Does the Code provide a specific SIF for complete encirclement reinforcement
on tees?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Does the Code permit the use of more applicable data to establish an SIF for
reinforced intersections?
Reply (5): Yes. See para. 319.3.6.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 304.1.1, Pressure Thickness

File: 08-1245
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2006 Edition permit the use of pipe supplied to a thickness less
than t, as defined in para. 304.1.1?
Reply: No. See also Interpretations 10-20 and 13-07.
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Enginccrr.

( No rcoroduction may be madc of this matcrial without wittcn conscnt of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 328.5.4(d),Welded Branch Connections

File: 08-1246
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, when para. 328.5.4(d) is applied to
proprietary integrally reinforced branch connection fittings, does the term@lly penetrated groove
weld describe a weld that fills to the manufacturer's weld line or to the top of the groove if no
weld line is present?
Reply: Yes; see definition of groove weld under size of weld in para. 300.2. See also Interpretation
13-11.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(f), Stainless Steel

File: 08-1438
Question: Do the temperature limitations specified in ASME B31.3-2006, para. 323.2.2(f) apply
to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fitting materials listed in Table A-1 or are they applicable
only to the circumferential welds when these components are joined by welding?
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Weld Repair Requirements

File: 08-1439
Question (1): Does Interpretation 2-18 apply to the ASME B31.3-2006 Edition?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, does Interpretation 2-18 apply to
welds made by manufacturers of listed components?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): If interpretation numbers are listed in the latest version of B31.3 (i.e., 2006), are
they still valid?
Reply (3): See general information published with interpretations.
1-10
No reproduction rnay be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 328.5.1(b), Weld Map and Welder Sign
File: 08-1440
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, para. 328.5.1@), is it required that a
weld map be created to identify the work of each welder or welding operator if each weld or
adjacent area has been marked to identify the welder or welding operator?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(d),Use of Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing
File: 09-529
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 Edition, if a material is exempted from impact
testing because the requirements of para. 323.2.2(d) are satisfied, are welds and heat affected
zones (including those of production welds) required to be impact tested per Table 323.2.2,
Column B (8-3)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Para. 345.3.1, Hydrotest

File: 08-1669
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2006 Edition permit hydrostatic leak testing of metallic pipe after
the internal nonmetallic coating is applied?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table A-1, Basic Allowable Stresses for Metals
File: 08-1608
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008 Edition, may the Table A-1 basic allowable
stresses in tension above 1000°F for ASTM A 182, Grade F316L forging be applied for ASTM
A 182, Grade F316 forging having a carbon content less than 0.04%?
Reply: Yes.

No reproduction may be made of this matcrial without written consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Code Case 181, Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance
Criteria
File: 08-1611
Question: Does Code Case 181 have a limitation for the minimum thickness of material for
its use?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 322.6.3, System Pneumatic Leak Test Pressure
File: 09-247
Question (1):In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, during relieving events with system
relief devices per para. 322.6.3, may the pressure in the piping system during the event exceed
the system pneumatic leak test pressure?
Reply (1): No. See para. 302.2.4(e).
Question (2):When establishing the maximum allowable relieving pressure permitted in accor-
dance with para. 322.6.3(c), may the test pressure used in accordance with para. 345 be exceeded?
Reply (2): The Code does not explicitly address this situation.
Subject: Code Case 181, Table 1, Use of Alternative Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance Criteria
File: 09-424
Question: In Code Case 181, Table 1, must both the a/t and e criteria be satisfied for acceptance?
Reply: Yes. See revised Code Case 181, new para. (i)(4)(d)for alternate acceptance criteria.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2004, Fig. 328.2B and Para. 300.2, Definitions

File: 09-497
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2004 Edition, if the fabricator failed to meet the
minimum weld sizes described in para. 328.5.2, does para. 300(c)(3)allow the designer to perform
an analysis after fabrication, document it in the engineering design, and have the validity accepted
by the owner, to show that the existing fillet weld sizes are adequate?
Reply: Yes.

( No re~roductionmav be made of this matcrial without writtcn consent of ASMB.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship

File: 08-473
Question: For a weld repair to a portion of a circumferentialweld that was completely examined,
does ASME B31.3-2004, para. 341.3.3 require that only the repair weld area be reexamined after
the repair?
Reply: Yes, unless the materials are P-Nos. 3, 4, or 5 and heat treatment is required; then the
entire weld must be reexamined after completion of any heat treatment [see para. 328.6, para. 331.1,
Table 331.1.1, and para. 341.3.1(a)].
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, B31.3 Versus U-Stamp

File: 09-1002
Question (1): Are heat exchangers within the scope of ASME B31.3?
Reply (1): No. Refer to para. 300.1.3(d) and Fig. 300.1.1. However, applicable design standards
may be as agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3 have a certification and code stamp requirement?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Are there any advantages to designing to ASME B31.3 instead of ASME Sec-
tion VIII?
Reply (3): We cannot respond to your request, since ASME does not provide consulting assist-
consulting organization experienced in 831 piping applications.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 328.5.1(c),Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications

File: 09-1003
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c)require that tack welds be made to a qualified
WPS for that joint?
Question (3): Does ASME 831.3, para. 328.5.1(c)allow tack welds on a groove weld joint to be
made by a welder qualified on a fillet weld test?
Reply (3): No. See ASME BPV Code Section IX, para. 303.2.
1-13
Copyright @ 201 1 by the Amcrican Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 302.3.5, General Note (b), Critical Temperatures
File: 09-1066
Question (1):In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when determining critical tempera-
ture of welded pipe, and when ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A does not have a
time-dependent Note associated with the material, shall the designer use the time-dependent
Note associated with the base material of which the pipe is constructed?
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when determining critical tempera-
ture and when ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A does not have a time-dependent
Note associated with the material, shall the designer treat the material as a material not listed
in Section 11, Part D for the purpose of determining critical temperatures?
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008 Edition, when a material has multiple
listings in ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D that have different time-dependent Notes associated
with them, and the designer does not have sufficient information to determine the original product
form from which a component has been manufactured, is the designer required to use the
minimum calculated critical temperature based upon all listings for the product form in ASME
BPV Code Section 11, Part D?
Question (4): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when a designer has specified a
dual certified material, may the designer use the time-dependent Notes associated with any of
the product forms to which the material complies when determining the critical temperature?
Question (5): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 Edition, when a material does not appear
in ASME BPV Code Section 11, Part D, Table 1A but does appear in Table lB, shall the designer
use the same methodology for determining critical temperature as for materials listed in Table lA?
Reply (5): This matter is not addressed by the Code.
Question (6):In accordance with ASME 831.3-2008Edition, may a designer treat a listed material
as an unlisted material, establish allowable stresses in accordance with para. 302.3.2, and then
calculate the critical temperature in accordance with Table 302.3.5, General Note (b)?
Reply (6): No.

Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 302.2.4, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors
File: 09-1067
Question (1): Where carbon steel is used at design temperatures below 800°F, does ASME
B31.3-2008 require that a weld joint strength reduction factor, W, of 1.0 be used?
Question (2): Where carbon steel requires a design temperature above 800°F to allow for a
short-term upset condition that falls outside the scope of para. 302.2.4, does ASME B31.3-2008
require the use of a weld joint strength reduction factor, W, other than 1.0?
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table B-1, Nonmetallic Piping

File: 09-1068
designer responsible for demonstrating the validity of the allowable stresses and other limits in
accordance with para. A323.2.4?
Reply (1): Yes.
designer permitted to use published manufacturer's data for material properties without verifying
the manufacturer's methodology, calculations, and test results for development of the data?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2008 establish maximum temperature limits for nonmetallic
materials listed in Appendix B?
Reply (3): No. See para. A323.2.1@).
Question (4):When Table 8-1explicitly states thicknesses of pipe/tubing, does ASME B31.3-2008
require the use of the hydrostatic design stresses listed for determining other thicknesses of the
same material?
Question (5): For materials listed in Table B-1, are the hydrostatic design stresses listed in
ASME B31.3-2008 applicable for all design pressures?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): When Table B-1 materials with a minimum recommended temperature limit of
23°C are to be used at temperatures less than 23"C, does ASME B31.3-2008 require the designer
to specify toughness testing at or below the lowest expected service temperature?
Reply (6): Yes.
1-15
No reprodiiction may be made of this matcrial without u~ittenconsent of ASMB. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Flame Arrester

File: 09-1069
Question: Shall in-line pressure-retaining portions of a flame arrester be designed, fabricated,

examined, and tested in accordance with ASME B31.3?
Reply: Yes. See definitions of piping and piping components in ASME B31.3, para. 300.2. See also
para. 300.1.1.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria for Welds

File: 09-1444
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2008 require the use of the undercut criteria in Table 341.3.2
to evaluate metal removal from the toe of a weld by mechanical means?
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3-2008 allow for the repair of excessive undercutting by any
means other than adding weld metal to bring the metal to an acceptable plane?
Reply (2):Yes, provided the criteria in Table 341.3.2 and the requirements of para. 304 are met.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 300.2, Definition of Piping Component

File: 09-1445
Question: Are non-inline instruments (e.g.,pressure transmitter) connected to piping considered

piping components as defined in para. 300.2?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table A-1, Material 25Cr-20Ni Pipe

File: 09-1446
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit the values listed in Table A-1 including Note (35) for
material 25Cr-20Ni pipe, ASTM A 312 Grade TP310 to be used to determine design requirements
for Grade TP310H?
Reply: Yes.
1-16
Copyright @ 201 1 by the American Society of Mechanical Enginccrs.
No rcproduction may be made of this matcrial without nrittcn conscnt of ASME. @)
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 305.1, General Pipe

File: 09-1489
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, may API 5L Grades A and B spiral seam welded
pipe be used for Normal Fluid Service and Category M Fluid Service piping?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2006, Para. 323.2.2(d),Carbon Steel Materials Without Impact Testing
File: 09-1605
weld, which is qualified according to Table 323.2.2, Column A?
Reply (1): No.
weld, which is qualified according to Table 323.2.2, Column B?
Reply (2): Yes.

ASME 831.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
It has been agreed to publish interpretations issued by the 831 Committee concerning 831 .3
Appendix Z.

I-1
ASM E B31.3 INTERPRETATI ONS
831.3
Interp retation File No.
Para. 301.3.2, Fluid Temperature ..... . . . . .. .. ... . ............. .. . . ........ . 23-06 10-540
Para . 304.1, Wall Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .... . ............. . . . 23-16 11-445
Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections .... . 23-18 11-847
Para. 304.7.2, Application of a Detailed Stress Analysis Performed Using a
Numerical Method . ........... . . . .......... . 23-07 10-542
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components. . . . . . . . .. . ....... . ... .. . . . .... . 23-03 10-535
Para. 319.4.3, Basic Assumptions and Requirements ... . . . . . . . . ........ . .. . 23-04 10-537
Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1 ........................... . .. .. . . . .. . . 23-08 10-702
Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1 .. . .. . .. . 23-12 10-1503
Para. 323.2.2 and Fig. 323.2.2B, Lower Temperature Limits for Listed
Materials. 20-13R 11-448
Para. 331, Review of Interpretations 20-39 and 21-46 ............ . .. . . .. .. . . . . 21-46R 11-16
Para. 345, Leak Testing of Piping Components . . ... 23-14 11-17
Para. 345.1(b), Required Leak Test and Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted
Components. . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . .. ... ... . . . .... . . . ....... . 23-05 10-538
Para. 345.1(d), Pressure Test Exemption for Vents and Drains . ... . .. .. ....... . 23-20 11-1539
Paras. 345.2.4 and 345.2.5, External Differential Pressure . ... .. .. . ..... . . . .... . 23-17 11-578
Para. 345.5.2, Pressure Relief Device ............. . ........ . ......... . 23-11 10-1502
Para. 345.5.5, Pressure Testing ... . ... .. . ... ...... . ... .... . . . . . ... . .. . . ... . . 23-15 11-444
Table 302.3.3C, Casting Quality Factor ........... . . ... . .... . . .. .. .. . . .... . . 23-10 10-1501
Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing .............. .. . .... . .. . . . . .. .. . ... . . .. . . . .. . 23-13 10-1560
Table 323.2.2, Stress Ratio Figure. . . . . . .. . .... . .. .. . .. ... .. ... . .. . .. . .. . . 23-01 10-533
Table 341.3.2, Partial Joint Penetration Welds . .. ... . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . 23-02 10-534
Tables A-1 and A-3, Allowable Stress Values ... . 23-19 11-1075
Table A-lB, Electric Fusion Welded Tube 23-09 10-1500
I-2
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made of this material witho ut wri tten consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME B31.3-2002 th rough B31.3-2010, Para. 323.2.2 and Fig. 323.2.2B, Lower Temperature
Limits for Listed Materials
File: 11-448
carbon steels at a minimum design metal temp erature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
and the MDMT is not colder than -48°C (-55°F)?
Reply (1): Yes.
carbon steels at a minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact test
and the MDMT is colder than -48°C (- 55°F)?
Reply (2) : No.
Question (3) : Does ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, Note (3), provide a basis for the use of impact-
tested carbon steels at a minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) colder than the impact
test temperature, provided the stress ratio defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is equal to or less than 0.3
when the MDMT is colder than - 48°C (-55°F)?
Reply (3): Yes.
of impact-tested duplex stainless steels, UNS S31803, impact tested at - 51 oc (-60°F), in the same
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 331, Review of Interpretations 20-39 and 21-46
File: 11-16
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 require both circumferential and longitudinal welds made by
the pipe manufacturer of API SL double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe to be heat trea ted
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME B31 .3 require both circumferential and longitudinal welds made by
the piping fabricator on API SL double submerged a rc welded (DSAW) marked pipe to be heat
treated in accordance with para. 331?
Reply (2): Yes.
1-3
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engi neers. ~
ASME 831.3 IN TERPRETATION S
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.2.2, Stress Ratio Figure

File: 10-533
Question (1): Does the Code provide rules for the use of duplex stainless steel material
(UNS S31803) with a lower design temperature than - 60°F (-51 oq under certain conditions with
limitations?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 323.2.2(c).
Question (2): Are the provisions described in Note (3) of Table 323.2.2 also applicable for duplex
stainless steel material?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, Partial Joint Penetration Welds

File: 10-534
Question: Does para. 300(c)(3) allow partial joint penetration welds if a more rigorous analysis
addressing the design, construction, examination, inspection, and testing details is documented
in the engineering design and accepted by the owner?
Reply: Yes. Note that requirements for Code rules that are not applicable as written to such
construction, such as examination and fatigue design, need to be addressed. See also Interpretation
16-12.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components

File: 10-535
Question: Does para. 304.7.2(c) address product form and material type when proof testing in
accordance with ASME 816.9; MSS SP-97; or Section VIII, Division 1, UG-101?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 319.4.3, Basic Assumptions and Requirements

File: 10-537
Question: Does the Code address how the effects of friction are to be included in earthquake
analyses?
Reply: No.
I-4
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para . 345.1(b), Required Leak Test and Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted
Components
File: 10-538
Question: Does the Code address alternate methods of proof testing other than those listed in
para. 304.7.2(c)?
Reply: No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 301.3.2, Fluid Temperature
File: 10-540
Question (1): Does the Code define "fluid temperature" in para. 301.3.2 as" design temperature"?
Reply (1) : No.
Question (2): Does the Code permit "fluid temperature" in para. 301.3.2 to be understood as
"operating temperature"?
Reply (2): The Code does not define operating temperature.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 304.7.2, Application of a Detailed Stress Analysis Performed
Using a Numerical Method
File: 10-542
Question: If the designer performs a finite element method evaluation of an unlisted component
that is accepted by the owner in accordance with para. 300(c)(3), is the designer required to
perform the calculation to be substantiated in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Reply: Yes.
I-5
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Para. 323.2.2, Reference to Table A-1

File: 10-702
below the minimum temperature given in Table A-1, does the Code require production welds
Reply (1): No .
below the minimum tempera ture given in Table A-1, does the Code require the plate material
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table A-lB, Electric Fusion Welded Tube

File: 10-1500
Question: May the valu es for longitudinal weld joint quality factor, Ei, listed in Table A-lB, with
fu rther supplemental radiography per Table 302.3.4, be used to d etermine design requirements for
electric fusion welded pipe, in which the weld is made with filler metal?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2008, Table 302.3.3C, Casting Quality Factor
File: 10-1501
Question: If a fully machined exterior (250 rms or finer) and pull bored interior (125 rms or
finer) surfaced centrifugal cast tube section is fully liquid penetrant examined in accordance with
ASTM El65 and judged acceptable per Table 1 of MSS SP-53 using ASTM El25 as a reference
for surface flaws per Note (2) of ASME B31.3, Table 302.3.3C over its entire exterior surface and
up to one diameter on the interior surface of each end, does the Code permit the use of an
increased casting quality factor, E" of 0.90?
Reply: No. To increase the casting quality factor, all surfaces shall be examined; see N ote (2)(b)
of Table 302.3.3C.
I-6
Copyright© 2013 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers . ~
No reproduction may be made of this materi al without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 345.5.2, Pressure Relief Device

File: 10-1502
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 require that the pressure relief device described in para. 345.5.2
comply with para . 322.6.3(a)?
Reply: No, unless the pressure relief device is a permanent component of the piping system
being tested.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 323.2.2 Reference to Table A-1

File: 10-1503
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3-2008 reference ASME 831E, Standard for the Seismic Design and
Retrofit of Above-Ground Piping Systems, as an alternative to the requirements in para. 302.3.6?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3-2008 allow an alternative to the requirements in para. 302.3.6
for seismic design of above-ground piping?
Reply (2): Yes; see para. 300(c)(3).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.2.2, Impact Testing

File: 10-1560
Question (1): Do Table 323.2.2 boxes A-3(b) and A-4(b) exclude HAZ impact testing?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the code permit the weld deposit impact testing exemptions of Table 323.2.2
box A-3(b) for joining ASTM A333, A334, A350, A352, and A420?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 345, Leak Testing of Piping Components

File: 11-17
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 require listed piping components, including valves, to be
leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
I-7
Subject: ASME 831 .3-2008, Para. 345.5.5, Pressure Testing

File: 11-444
Question: Does ASME 831.3 require that a pneumatic leak test be maintained at the test pressure
for at least 10 min?
Reply: Yes. See para. 345.2.2(a).
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Para. 304.1, Wall Thickness

File: 11-445
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2008 have an equation for pressure design thickness with straight
pipe where t equals or exceeds one-sixth of the outside diameter of the pipe (D I 6)?
Reply: No, except as provided in Chapter IX.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2008, Paras. 345.2.4 and 345.2.5, External Differential Pressure
File: 11-578
Question (1): In para. 345.2.4, Externally Pressured Piping, does the term "external differential
pressure" mean maximum differential pressure between any coincident internal pressure and
external pressure?
Reply (1): Yes. See para. 301.2.1(d).
Question (2): Does para. 345.2.5, Jacketed Piping, require separate leak tests for both internal
line and jacket?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: ASME 831.3-2010, Para. 304.3.3, Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections

File: 11-847
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, do the equations for A 3 and A 4 in para. 304.3.3(c)
apply to branch connections other than the configuration shown in Fig. 304.3.3?
Reply: No; however, see para. 304.3.1.
I-8
ASME 631.3 INTERPR ETATION S
Subject: ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1 and A-3, Allowable Stress Values
File: 11-1075
Reply (1): Yes.
Reply (2): No. See Appendix A, General Note (c).
Question (3): Based on ASME B31.3-2010, para. 302.3.2, Bases for Design Stresses, footnote 2,
may the designer use the stress values in ASME BPV Code Section II, Part D, Tables 2A, 2B, and
3 for stresses at temperatures below the creep range instead of the allowable stresses in
ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1, A-2, and A-3, respectively?
Reply (3): No.
Question (4): Based on ASME B31.3-2010, para. 302.3.2, footnote 2, may the designer use the
stress values in ASME BPV Code Section II, Part D, Tables 1A and 1B for stresses at temperatures
in the creep range instead of the allowable stresses in ASME B31.3-2010, Tables A-1, A-2, and
A-3, respectively?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2010, Para. 345.1(d), Pressure Test Exemption for Vents and Drains
File: 11-1539
Question (1): For Normal Fluid Service or Category D Fluid Service, does ASME B31.3-2010,
para. 345.1(d), exempt leak testing for all drain or vent lines open to the atmosphere?
Reply (1): Yes, unless otherwise specified in the engineering design.
Question (2): Does the statement in ASME B31.3-2010, para. 345.1(d), of "such as vents or
drains downstream of the last shutoff valve" mean that this is the only configuration open to
the atmosphere exempt from leak testing by this paragraph?
Reply (2): No.
I-9
ASME 831.3

April 30, 2012 through December 16, 2013
GENERAL INFORMATION
the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical nature. ln these cases, a revised
reply bearing the original interpretation number with the suffix R is presented. ln the case where
an interpretation is corrected by errata, the original interpretation number with the suffix Eis used.
infom1ation is available which the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further,
Appendix Z.

up to and including the present volume, and wiU be updated with each volume.
1-1
No reproduction may be made of this material without writien consent of ASME. ~
Subject
831.3
Chapter IX, I ligh Pressure Piping (1331.3-2012) ..................... .... .... • 24-13 12-1782
Fig. 323.2.28, Design Minimum Temperature According to ASME 631T
(631.3-2010) ... ........ . .. . ... ...... . . .. ... . ... .. .. .. .... . ... .. ... . •• .. 24-04 12-243
Para. 302.3.6(a), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads
(831.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................. •• .. 24-24 13-1331
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design (1331.3-2010) ...... ...... .... ..... ..... ...... . . 24-09 12-1504
Para. 307.1.2, Qualification of Valve Pressure Design (831.3-2010) ... .... ••• .. . 24-18 13-509
Para. 322.6.3, Rclicl Devices (631.3-2012) . . ... .... .... ....... . . ....... . ..•... 24-16 13-266
Para. 323.3.5, Acceptance Criteria (631.3-2012)...... . ................. . ..... . 2+26 13-1508
Para. 328.5.4 and Fig. 328.5.40, Welded Branch Connection (631.3-2010) . ..... . 24-15 13-76
Para. 328.5.4, Welded Bra nch Connections (631.3-2010) . .. .. . . . ........ . . 24-10 12-1584
Paras. 328.5.4(d) and (e), Use of a Branch Connection Where the
Abutting Branch Pipe Is Not Welded to the Run (1331.3-2012) .............. . 24-23 13-789
Para. 340.4(a), Owner's Inspectors (631.3-2010) ........ .. ..... . . ... .. .... . .. . 24-05 12-499
Para. 341.3.l (a), NOE After PWHT for P-Nos. 3, 4, and 5 Ma terials
(631.3-2010) ..... .. ........ . .. ...... . ................................. . 24-30 11-1769
Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (631.3-1996
Ed it ion Through 831.3-2012) .. ...... . .. . ... .... . .. ... .... . ........ . 24-29 13-709
Para. 341.4.l(b), Sample Ex:1minat ions (631.3-2010) .. . .... . . ...... .. ........ . 24-08 12-1071
Para. 341.4.l(b)(l), Prequalification of Welds by Random Examination
(631.3-201 2) ...... . .. .................. .. ... .... ................. .. ... . 24-22 13-786
Paras. 344.2.1 and 342.1, Vi sual Exam inaticm (631.3-2012) . ... ... .. .. ... . . .... . 24-21 13-710
Para. 345, Pneumatic Leak Testing (631.3-2010) .... ..... .... ..... .... . . 24-11 12-1610
Para. 345.2.2(a), Examination During Leak Testing (631.3-1996 Edition Through
631.3-2010) ..... ..... .... ...... ..... .. . ....... .. . . ... ..... ..... . . .. ... . 24-07 12-56, 12-666
Para. 345.2.3(b), Flanged joints (631 .3-2010) . .. ... . .. .. .. ... . .. . .. • ... . .. .. . • 24-19 13-620
Para. 345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (631.3-201 2) ...... . . .. ............ • ... ...... • 24-25 13-1499
Para. 1<328.2.l(b), Welding Qualifications (631.3-2010) ....................... . 24-06 12-623
Para. K328.2.1(d), Welding Qualifications (631.3-2010) . ... .. .. . . . ..... ....••. . 24-17 13-474
Random Examination (631.3-2012) ... . ... ... ... .. .. .. .... . . ......... . ... • •. 24-20 13-704
Table 302.3.5, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W (631.3-2010)..... ....• .. 24-12 12-1728
Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals (1331.3-2008) ...... . 24-27 13-1548
Table 323.2.2, Notes (3) and (5), Impact Testing (631.3-2010) ... . .. .. .... . 24-01 12-57
Table 323.3.1, Impact Tes ting for Metals (631.3-2010) . ............. .. .... •• ... 24-14 12-2057
Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals (631.3-2008) ......• •• ... 24-28 13-1549
Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria (631.3-2010) .............. ..... .......... . 24-03 12-241
Table 341 .3.2 and Pa ras. 341.4.1, 341.4.2, and M341.4, Radiography for
Fillet Welds (631.3-2010) ............ . ......... . ........................ . 24-02 12-102
1-2
Copyrigh t © 2015 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
o reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
Subject: Table 323.2.2, Notes (3) and (5), Impact Testing (831 .3-2010)
File: 12-57
Question: Jn accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, if a material meets the requirements of

Table 323.2.2, Note (3) exception to impact testing requirements, does it matter what size specimen
is obtainable as described in Note (5)?
Reply: No.
Subject: Table 341.3.2 and Paras. 341.4.1, 341.4.2, and M341.4, Radiography for Fillet Welds
(831.3-2010)
File: 12-102
Question: ln accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is it a requirement to perform radiography

on fillet welds?
Reply: No.
Subject: Table 341.3.2, Acceptance Criteria (831.3-2010)

File: 12-241
Question: In accordance with ASME 831.3, if indications are detected in the base metal or a
weld not required to be examined, are the indications required to be evaluated?
Reply: The Code does not specifically address this issue. However, the Introduction states that
the owner is responsible for imposing requirements supplementary to those of the Code if
necessary to assure safe piping for the proposed installation. Also see para. 300(c)(4).
1-3
Copyrigh1 © 20 15 by the American Society of Mechanical Engi neers. lfil1
No reproduction may be made of this material wilhoul wrillen consent of ASM E. ~
Subject: Fig. 323.2.26, Design Minimum Temperature According to ASME B31T (631.3-2010)
Date Issued: Apri I 30, 2012
File: 12-243
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, may Fig. 323.2.28 be used for impact-tested
materials in the same manner as described in the ASME 8PV Code rules?
Reply (1): No. See interpretation 20-13R.
Question (2): [n accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is the use of ASME 831 T, Standa rd
Toughness Requirements for Piping, mandatory?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, does Fig. 323.2.28 apply to UNS 531803
(22Cr duplex)?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Para. 340.4(a), Owner's Inspectors (631.3-2010)

File: 12--199
Background: An EPC (Engineering, Procu rement, and Construction) contractor has been
awarded a contract to engineer, procure, construct, and install a pressure piping system.
Question (1): Does ASME 831.3 allow an EPC contractor to act as the owner's inspector until
the piping system is complete and ready to be turned over to the owner?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does J\SME 831.3 allow the owner to designate in writing an employee of the
EPC contractor to act as the owner's inspector until the piping system is complete and ready to
be turned over to the owner?
Reply (2): No.
1-4
Copyright © 2015 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~.
No reproduction may be made oflhis material without written consent of ASME. W.
Subject: Para. K328.2.1{b), Welding Qualifications (B31.3-2010)

File: 12-623
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, is a separate qualification of the welding
procedure required for each combination of base material specification(s) forming a joint in
Chapter IX, 1-:!igh Pressure Piping, even if the material type or grade remains the same?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. K328.2.l(b).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, if a welded joint comprised of two different
material spec ifications with the same type or grade in Chapter lX, High Pressure Piping, is
qualified, does the welding procedure also qualify welding of each individual base material to
itself?
I-5
ASME 831.J INTERPRETATIONS
Subject: Pa ra. 345.2.2(a), Exam ination During Leak Testing (631.3-1996 Edition Through
631 .3-2010)
File: 12-56, 12-666
345.2.2(a), must examination for leaks be performed in accordance with the visual examination
method in para. 344.2?
Reply {l): No.
Question (2): Other than sen sitive lea k testing, do ASME 8 31.3-1996 Edition through
ASME 831.3-2010, define leak testing examination requirements?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): ln accordance with ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2010, para.
345.2.2(a), must personnel performing the examination for leaks be qualified for visual examina-
tion per paras. 342.1 or 344.2?
Reply (3): No.
345.2.2(a), must leak testing be performed in accordance with a written procedure for visual
examination?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): Other than sensitive leak testing, do ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through
ASME 831.3-2010 require compliance with the requirements of ASME BPV Code Section V,
Articles 9 or 10 for leak testing?
Reply (5): No.
Question (6): In accordance with ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2010, during
a hydrostatic lea k test, if the examiner is satisfi ed that the requirements of para. 345.2.2(a) are
met, is a 100% visual examination (i.e., a visual examination of 360 deg of the pipe or joint
surface) of each joint or connection required?
Reply (6): No.
Subject: Para. 341.4.l{b), Sample Examinations (831.3-2010)

Date lssued: October 5, 2012
File: 12-1071
Question: If one welder makes the tack welds in a circumferential butt weld and another welder
welds the root pass and remainder of the weld, is it required that the welder who made the tack
welds be represented in the sample examinations required by para. 341.4.1 (b) or the progressive
sampling of para. 341.3.4?
Reply: No.
I-6
Copyright © 20 I 5 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. ~
e •
ASME B31.3 IN'TfRPRETATIONS
Subject: Para . 304.7.2, Press ure Design (631.3-2010)

File: 12-1504
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2010, para. 307.1.2, Unlisted Valves, if valve pressure-
temperature ratings are established by the method set forth in ASME 616.34, Appendix B, is it
necessary to qualify the pressure design in accordance with ASME 831.3, para. 304.7.2?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 328.5.4, Welded Branch Connections (831.3-2010)

File: 12-1584
Question: In ASME 831.3-2010, for the installation of instrument tap type branch connections,
do the weld types specified in ASME Section VIII, Division 1, UW-15(b) (i.e., welds that require
no strength calculations) and corresponding acceptable welding types shown in UW-16, which
include not-fully-penetrated branch connection groove welds, comply with the acceptable welding
details shown in ASME 631.3, para. 328.5.4?
Subject: Para. 345, Pneumatic Leak Testing (831.3-2010)

File: 12-1610
Question: Jn accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. 345.5.4(a), with or without the owner's
approval, does the Code permit pneumatic testing in excess of 1.33 times the design pressure?
1-7
Copyright © 20 15 by lhe /\mcrican Society of Mechanical Engi neers. ~
Interpretation 24-1 2
Subject: Table 302.3.5, Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W (631.3-2010)

File: 12-1728
Question (1): ln accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, Table 302.3.5, is the weld strength reduction
factor, W, for P91 alloy steel material (CSEF subcritical) at 950°F equal to 0.5?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, Table 302.3.5, should the weld strength
reduction factor, W, for P91 alloy steel material be the same value as in ASME 831.1-2010?
Reply (2): The ASME 831.3 Committee is unable to provide the information you have requested.
The Committee does not respond to requests for rationaJe. Code rules reflect not only technical
data and safety criteria, but also the collective experience of the Committee members. interdepen-
dence of rules in various Chapters also plays a part in any given requirement.
If you believe, however, that a particular Code rule or rules may benefit from consideration
of new or additional data and approaches, the Committee welcomes your desire to contribute.
We invite you to submit pertinent material for transmittaJ to the Code Section Committee involved.
If you desire, an invi tation can be extended for you to attend a meeting of the Committee at
which the material will be discussed. We appreciate your interest.
1-8
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. <&.
Subject: Chapter IX, High Pressure Piping (831.3-2012)

File: 12-1782
Question (1 ): Does ASME 831.3-2012 require compliance with Chapter IX, High Pressure Piping,
under any circumstance other than when such compliance is specified by the owner?
Question (2): Does ASME 631.3-2012 require that piping designed for a pressure in excess of
that allowed by ASME 616.5, Class 2500 rating for the specified design temperature and material
group be designed in accordance with Chapter IX if the piping system is not designated by the
owner as being in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing for Metals (831.3-2010)

File: 12-2057
Question (1 ): Do rows 4 through 7 of Table 323.3.l of ASME 831.3-2010 apply to welds used
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Do rows 1 through 3 of Table 323.3.1 of ASME 831.3-2010 apply to welds used
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 328.5.4 and Fig. 328.5.40, Welded Branch Connection (831.3-2010)
File: 13-76
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2010 permit the use of a complete (full) encirclement split-tee as
a branch connection, where a branch pipe is butt welded to the branch opening of the split-tee,
if the requirements of paras. 303 and 304.7.2 are met?
Reply: Yes. Sec also paras. 300(c)(3) and 300(c)(4).
Subject: Para. 322.6.3, Relief Devices (831.3-2012)

File: 13-266
Question: Does ASME 831.3 require that all relief devices that meet para. 322.6.3 but not A Pl 526
be evaluated as unlisted components?
Reply: Yes; see para. 302.2.3.
I-9
Copyright © 20 15 by the American Society of Mechan ical Engineers. ~
e •
No reproduction may be made of this material without wri tten consent of ASM E.
Subject: Para. K328.2.1(d), Welding Qualifications (831.3-2010)

File: 13-474
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(d), if transverse tensile testing
is required for a full penetration groove weld test coupon for Welding Procedure Qualification in
accordance with the ASME BPV Code, Section IX, shall yield strength be determined on the
transverse tensile test coupon?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(d), shall all-weld-metal
tensile testing be conducted and the yield strength of the weld be determined if transverse
tensile testing is required for a full penetration groove weld test coupon for Welding Procedure
Qualification in accordance with the ASME BPV Code, Section fX?
Reply (2): No, unless the filler metal is not yet incorporated into Section IX (see para. K328.3.1).
Subject: P;.ua. 307.1.2, Qualification of Valve Pressure Design (631.3-2010)

File: 13-509
Question: Does para. 307.1.2 of ASME 831.3-2010 permit a valve manufactured from a material
not listed in ASME 816.34 to have the pressure-temperature rating established i.n accordance
with the method set forth in ASME 816.34?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Para. 345.2.3(b), Flanged Joints (831.3-2010)

File: 13-620
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 631.3-2010, do components listed in Table 326.1 need
to be leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
Reply (1): We believe your question can be answered by previous interpretation 23-14.
Question (2): Does the phrase "previously been tested" in para. 345.2.3(b) refer to leak testing
in accordance with the requirements of ASME 631.3?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Random Examination (831.3-2012)

File: 13-704
Question: Does ASME 831.3-2012 prohibit commencement of random examination prior to

completion of all welds in a designated lot?
Reply: No.
I-10
e •
Subject: Paras. 344.2.l and 342.1, Visual Exam ination (B31 .3-2012)
File: 13-710
Question (1 ): Does ASME B31.3-2012 have any qualification requirements for visual examiners
and 344.2?
Reply (2): No.
Subject: Para. 341.4.l(b)(l), Prequalification of Welds by Random Examination (831.3-2012)

File: 13-786
Question: When ASME 831.3-2012, para . 341.4.l(b)(l) requi res random exam ination of 5% of
circumferential girth or miter groove welds by radiography or ultrasonk examination for Normal
Fluid Service, must all welds in the lot be completed prior to the completion of the required
examinations on the selected welds?
Reply: The Code does not address this issue. See previous interpretations 2-12 and 24-20.
Subject: Paras. 328.5.4(d) and (e), Use of a Branch Connection Where the Abutting Branch Pipe
Is Not Welded to the Run (B31.3-2012)
File: 13-789
Question: Under the rules of ASME B3l.3-2012, may a branch connection be added to a piping
run using branch attachment details other than specified by para. 328.5.4(d), which require fully
penetrated groove welds to the run pipe, or para. 328.5.4(e)?
Reply: No, unless qualified in accordance with paras. 300(c)(3), 300(c)(4), and 304.7.2.
1-11
e U> s
Subject: Para. 302.3.6(a), Limits of Calculated Stresses Due to Occasional Loads (831.3-2012)
Pile: 13-1331
Question (1): Is the final paragraph in para. 302.3.6(a) applicable to castings only?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME 831.3 permit the occasional stress of austenitic steel piping to rise
above yield?
Reply (2): Yes; however, see para. 302.3.2(e).
Subject: Para. 345.2.3{c), Closure Welds (831.3-2012)

File: 13-1499
Question: lf a pipe is bent in accordance with para. 306.2, can it be installed using closure
welds without being leak tested in accordance with para. 345?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 323.3.5, Acceptance Criteria (831.3-2012)

File: 13-1508
Question (1): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.S(a), do the acceptance criteria
for minimum energy requirements apply to carbon and low alloy steels having specified minimum
tensile strengths equal to or greater than 656 MPa (95 ksi) or for high alloy steels (P-Nos. 6, 7,
and 8)?
Reply {l): No. Sec para. 323.3.S(b) for acceptance criteria for these materials.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.5(c), are the acceptance criteria
for weld impact test requirements applicable for clad-pipe to clad-pipe welds?
Reply (2): No. See paras. 323.3.S{a) and 323.3.5{b).
Question (3): In accordance with ASME 831.3-2012, para. 323.3.S{c), when dissimilar base metals
(e.g., Pl and P8) are joined by welding and the weld metal has a tensile strength most closely
matching that of the P8 base material, shall the acceptance criteria for impact tests conform to
the lateral expansion requirements of para. 323.3.S(b)?
Reply (3): Yes.
1-12
Copyright © 20 I5 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. <fj};;.
•
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~ 0

Subject: Table 323.2.2, Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals (B31.3-2008)
File: 13-1548
Question: In accordance with ASME 631.3-2008, when ASTM 8423 N08825 base metal is welded
by SFA-5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 N06625 filler metal, do the rules of Table 323.2.2, Box A-6(b) require
that testing in accordance w ith Box B-6 be performed?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals (631.3-2008)

File: 13-1549
Question: In accordance w ith ASME 831.3-2008, Table 323.3.1, box A-5, is the qualified thickness
range T / 2 to T + 6 mm (!'4 in.)?
Reply: Yes. Also see previous Interpretation 4-17.
Subject: Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (831.3-1996 Edition Through
831 .3-2012)
File: 13-709
Question: ls it the intent of ASME 631.3-1996 Edition through ASME 831.3-2012, para. 341.3.3
to allow replacement welds for rejected welds to be examined by any nondestructive (NOE)
method that is allowed for the original welds, as it is for high pressure piping system welds in
K341.3.3, rather than requiring the same NDE m ethod as used on the original defective welds?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Para. 341.3.l(a), NOE After PWHT for P-Nos. 3, 4, and 5 Materials (831.3-2010)
File: 11-1769
Question: A piping assembly made of P-No. 5 material consisting of severa l welds is furnace
heat treated and radiographed. One of those welds is defective and repaired. The assembly is
then heat treated again. ls it the intent of para. 341.3.l(a) that all of the welds in that piping
assembly be radiographcd again?
Reply: No.
1-13
Copyright © 20 15 by lhe American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made oflhis material without wri tten consent of ASME. ~
ASME B31.3

GENERAL INFORMATION
mittee. As stated in the Statement of Policy in the Code documents, ASME does not “approve,”
“certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
Appendix Z.

I-1
B31.3
Chapters V and VI (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-09 14-483

Chapter VI (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-27 14-1817
Fig. 323.2.2B, General Notes, Allowable Stress, S, at Temperature Lower
Than Impact Test Temperature/Minimum Temperature (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . 25-12 14-1182
Fig. 328.5.4D, Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-20 14-1470
Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-40 15-2053
Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing Materials
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-39 15-2052
Para. 302.3.5(c), Stress Due to Sustained Loads (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-02 14-44
Paras. 304.3.4(d)(4), Limitations on Radius (B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-31 15-788
Para. 304.7.2, Clarification of Pressure Design Using Proof Testing
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-19 14-1466
Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Other Components, Unlisted Components
(B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-03 14-257
Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2006 Through B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . 25-08 14-482
Para. 306.1, Pipe Fittings (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-41 15-2061
Paras. 323.2.2(d), (d)(1), and (d)(2), and Fig. 323.2.2B, Impact Tested
Material (B31.3-2008 Through B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-32 15-810
Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.1, Item A-4, Impact Testing Requirements for 15-1992,
Metals (B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-37 15-1995
Para. 323.3.5(d), Retest for Impact Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-38 15-1997
Para. 323.4.3, Cladding and Lining Materials (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-25 14-1683
Paras. 328.2 and U341.4.1, Welding Radiography (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-26 14-1790
Para. 328.5.1(c), Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications
(B31.3-2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-35R 09-1003
Paras. 331.1.3(a)(2) and (c), Preheat and PWHT Governing Thickness
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-30 15-616
Para. 333.1.2, Soldering Qualification (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-06 14-433
Para. 335.1(c), Alignment of Assembly and Erection (B31.3-1999) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-01 13-1677
Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . 25-13 14-1259,
14-1266
Para. 341.3.4(f), Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . 25-05 14-355
Paras. 341.4.1(b), 345.2.3(c), and 345.2.6, and Figs. 328.5.4D and 328.5.4E,
Branch Attachment Welds and Radiography (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-17 14-1383
Paras. 344.2 and 342.1, Visual Examination (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-21R 13-710
Paras. 345.1, 345.2.3, and 345.9, Leak Test (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-23 14-1681
Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing, Closure Welds
(B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-34 15-1723
Paras. 345.2.3(c) and K345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-24 14-1682
Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-07 14-435
Para. 345.5.5, Pneumatic Leak Test Procedure (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-04 14-269
Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-28 14-1907
Para. K304.7.3, Components With Nonmetallic Parts (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-33 15-1690
Para. K331.1.1(b), Minimum Difference Between Tempering and PWHT
Temperature (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-10 14-690
Paras. M341/341 and M345/345, Examination and Testing: VT/PT/MT
and RT/UT Versus Leak Testing and Pressure Testing (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . 25-18 14-1401
Para. X302.2.3, Leak Test Under Pneumatic Condition on Appendix X
Expansion Joints (B31.3-2012). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-16 14-1372
Table 302.3.5, Para. 302.2.4, and Para. 302.3.5(e), Pressure and
Temperature Conditions (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-42 15-2137
I-2
Table 308.2.1, Flange Thickness (B31.3-2014). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-36 15-1885

Table 323.2.2, Items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and Paras. 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2),
Use of Austenitic Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures
(B31.3-2006) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-03R 08-477
Table 323.3.1, Column B, Simulation Heat Treatment for Low
Temperature Carbon Steel Piping Material (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-22 14-1553
Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedures With Impact Tests (B31.3-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-29 15-586
Table K326.1 and Para. K323.3, HP Valve Product Codes (B31.3-2014) . . . . . . . . . . 25-35 15-1804
I-3
Subject: Table 323.2.2, Items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and Paras. 323.2.2(f)(1) and (2), Use of Austenitic
Stainless Steel Materials at Low Temperatures (ASME B31.3-2006)
File: 08-477
Question: Does the code permit austenitic stainless steel materials listed in Table A-1 to be
used to the minimum temperatures listed regardless if they are seamless or welded product
form?
Reply: Yes, provided the requirements of Table 323.2.2, items A-4(a) and A-4(b), and applicable
Notes in Table A-1 are followed.
Subject: Para. 328.5.1(c), Tack Welding Welder Performance Qualifications (B31.3-2008)

File: 09-1003
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c) require that tack welds be made to a qualified
WPS for that joint?
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3, para. 328.5.1(c) provide rules for the qualification of welders
or welding operators depositing tack welds?
I-4
Subject: Paras. 344.2 and 342.1, Visual Examination (B31.3-2012)

File: 13-710
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2012 have any qualification requirements for visual examiners
as described in paras. 342.1 and 344.2 when performing visual examinations of weld joints to
meet the examination requirements of para. 341.4.1(a) and the engineering design?
Reply (2): Yes.
as described in paras. 342.1 and 344.2 when performing visual examinations of weld joints beyond
the examination requirements of para. 341.4.1(a) and the engineering design?
Reply (3): No.
and 344.2?
Reply (4): No.
Subject: Para. 335.1(c), Alignment of Assembly and Erection (B31.3-1999)

File: 13-1677
Question (1): Does the Code specify who is responsible for meeting the flange alignment
requirements of ASME B31.3-1999, para. 335.1(c)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): May the flange alignment requirements of ASME B31.3-1999, para. 335.1(c) be
verified by measuring the parallelism between flanges?
I-5
Subject: Para. 302.3.5(c), Stress Due to Sustained Loads (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-44
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, does the phrase “all possible support
scenarios” in para. S302.6.2 include the effects of liftoff due to the effects of temperature?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, are the requirements of para. 302.3.5(c)
satisfied by compliance with ASME B31.3-2012, Appendix P, para. P302.3.5?
Reply (2): No, Appendix P does not provide an alternative to 302.3.5(c). See para. P300(c).
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Pressure Design of Other Components, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-257
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, do branch outlet fittings in accordance
with MSS SP-97 require qualification in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, do tees and reducing tees in accordance
with ASME B16.9 require qualification in accordance with para. 304.7.2?
Subject: Para. 345.5.5, Pneumatic Leak Test Procedure (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-269
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.5 specify the method of examination for
leakage under the provisions of para. 345.2.2(a)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.5, are leak detection fluids,
noble gas leak detection methods, pressure gauge measurements, and other methods prohibited
during the examination for leakage during a pneumatic leak test?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, are examination personnel qualifications
in para. 342 and examination procedures in para. 343 required for para. 345.5.5?
Reply (3): No. See Interpretation 24-07.
I-6
Subject: Para. 341.3.4(f), Progressive Sampling for Examination (B31.3-2010)

File: 14-355
Question: A weld in an examination lot is found defective, is replaced or repaired, and is again
found defective. Per para. 341.3.4(f) of ASME B31.3-2010, does the second failure of this weld
require further progressive examinations?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 333.1.2, Soldering Qualification (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-433
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 include qualification criteria for solderers?

Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 345.5, Pneumatic Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-435
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. 345.5.4, for piping connected with no
isolation capability and different design pressures, does the Code permit the pneumatic test
pressure to be less than 1.1 times the highest design pressure or more than 1.33 times the lowest
design pressure?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Unlisted Components (B31.3-2006 Through B31.3-2012)

File: 14-482
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2006 through ASME B31.3-2012, para. 304.7.2(a),
does the Code limit the source of the extensive, successful service experience?
Reply: No.
I-7
Subject: Chapters V and VI (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2012)

File: 14-483
Question: Do ASME B31.3-1996 through B31.3-2012 require that welding-related requirements

presented in B31.3 Chapters V and VI, including weld acceptance criteria, welding procedures,
and welding and nondestructive examination personnel certifications, be met in the manufacture
of unlisted components meeting the requirements of para. 302.2.3?
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. K331.1.1(b), Minimum Difference Between Tempering and PWHT Temperature
(B31.3-2012)
File: 14-690
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K331.1.1, for welds other than longitudinal
in P-No. 1 quenched and tempered materials where heat treatment is required by the engineering
design, shall the heat treatment requirements specified in Table 331.1.1 apply?
Reply: Yes, unless the requirements in para. K331.1.1(b) apply or the provisions of para. 331.2.2
are met.
File: 14-1171
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 permit the use of a branch connection fitting qualified in
I-8
Subject: Fig. 323.2.2B, General Notes, Allowable Stress, S, at Temperature Lower Than Impact
Test Temperature/Minimum Temperature (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1182
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Fig. 323.2.2B, General Note (a)(1), is S the
allowable stress listed in the column “Min. Temp. to 100” of Table A-1?
Reply (1): Yes. Also see para. 323.2.2(e).
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Fig. 323.2.2B, General Note (a)(2), is the
component pressure rating used to determine the stress ratio the component pressure rating at
the temperature for the condition under consideration?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 341.3.3, Defective Components and Workmanship (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1259, 14-1266
Question: If a weld that is part of an examination lot is repaired or replaced by the same or a
different welder, is the repair or replacement weld subject to progressive sampling?
Reply: No. See para. 341.3.3 and Interpretation 16-01.

File: 14-1287
Question: When both radiography and ultrasonic examination are acceptable methods in accor-
dance with the engineering design, and a weld defect is located, may progressive sampling of
welds per para. 341.3.4(a) be performed by either of these examination methods?
Reply: Yes.
File: 14-1312
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 permit the use of a branch connection using a branch connec-
tion fitting conforming to the referenced edition of MSS SP-97?
I-9
Subject: Para. X302.2.3, Leak Test Under Pneumatic Condition on Appendix X Expansion Joints
(B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1372
Question: If a pneumatic leak test is performed in accordance with the requirements of

para. X302.2.3, does the Code permit the use of a test pressure value of 1.1 times the design
pressure in accordance with the rules of para. 345.5.4?
Reply: No.
Subject: Paras. 341.4.1(b), 345.2.3(c), and 345.2.6, and Figs. 328.5.4D and 328.5.4E, Branch
Attachment Welds and Radiography (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1383
Question (1): Are welds attaching contour outlet fittings to the run pipe as shown in Fig. 328.5.4E,
sketch (1) in a Normal Fluid Service piping system required to be included in the random
radiographic or ultrasonic examinations of para. 341.4.1(b)?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): May branch connection welds that cannot be fully examined by radiography or
ultrasonic examination, such as those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D, be considered closure welds in
accordance with para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): May welds connecting contour outlet fittings to a run pipe, like those shown in
Fig. 328.5.4E, sketch (1), be considered closure welds per para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (3): Yes.
Question (4): May a socket weld that cannot be fully examined by radiography or ultrasonic
examination be considered a closure weld in accordance with para. 345.2.3(c)?
Reply (4): No.
Question (5): May welds connecting a contour outlet fitting to the run pipe and to the branch
pipe, as shown in Fig. 328.5.4E, sketch (1), both be considered closure welds per para. 345.2.3(c)?
I-10
Subject: Paras. M341/341 and M345/345, Examination and Testing: VT/PT/MT and RT/UT
Versus Leak Testing and Pressure Testing (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1401
Question (1): Are the leak tests required in para. 345.1 independent from the examinations
required in para. 341.4.1?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In accordance with para. 345.1, are the applicable examinations required by
para. 341 to be performed prior to leak testing?
Reply (2): Yes.
Subject: Para. 304.7.2, Clarification of Pressure Design Using Proof Testing (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1466
Question: Does the Code permit substantiation of the pressure design of an unlisted component
using a proof test in accordance with para. 304.7.2(c) when the component will be used at
temperatures where time-dependent properties govern allowable stress values?
Reply: Yes.
I-11
Subject: Fig. 328.5.4D, Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1470
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 prohibit branch connections like those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D
to be installed through a circumferential butt weld?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): If branch connections like that shown in Fig. 328.5.4D are installed through a
circumferential butt weld, must the Code-required leak test be performed prior to installation of
any required ring or saddle reinforcement?
Reply (2): No, provided that all joints and connections are examined for leaks during the leak
test, as required in para. 345.2.2(a).
Question (3): If branch connections like those shown in Fig. 328.5.4D are installed through a
circumferential butt weld that requires examination, does the portion of the weld that will be
covered by the reinforcement ring or saddle require examination of the weld prior to installation
of the ring or saddle?
Reply (3): Yes.
be installed through a longitudinal butt weld in pipe?
Reply (4): Yes.
be installed through the weld intersection of a longitudinal butt weld in pipe and a circumferential
butt weld?
Reply (5): Yes.
Question (6): Does ASME B31.3 provide any rules, restrictions, or limits for the distance between
circumferential butt welds in a piping assembly?
Reply (6): No.
File: 14-1482
Question: Does para. 341.3.4(e) require that all welds represented by the progressive sampling
in para. 341.3.4(c) be evaluated in accordance with para. 341.3.4(e)(1) or (e)(2)?
Reply: Yes.
I-12
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Column B, Simulation Heat Treatment for Low Temperature Carbon Steel
Piping Material (B31.3-2012)
File: 14-1553
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, Table 323.3.1, is item B-3 applicable to
manufacturers?
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, is it mandatory to procure Low Temperature
Carbon Steel (LTCS) fittings of thickness greater than 20 mm to be tested with simulation heat
treatment?
Subject: Paras. 345.1, 345.2.3, and 345.9, Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1681
Question (1): When the owner considers hydrostatic and pneumatic leak testing impracticable,
does para. 345.1(c) allow use of the alternative leak test per para. 345.9, provided at least one
condition in each of paras. 345.1(c)(1) and (c)(2) are met?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): Does para. 345.1 require leak testing of each piping system, except for specific
joints where the provisions of para. 345.2.3 are applicable?
Subject: Paras. 345.2.3(c) and K345.2.3(c), Closure Welds (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1682
Question (1): May a through-wall or partial weld removal and repair of a weld that has
previously passed the required leak test be examined in accordance with the requirements of
para. 345.2.3(c)?
Question (2): May a through-wall or partial weld removal and repair of a weld in a High
Pressure Fluid Service system meeting Chapter IX, which has previously passed the required
leak test, be examined in accordance with the requirements of para. K345.2.3(c)?
I-13
Subject: Para. 323.4.3, Cladding and Lining Materials (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1683
Question (1): Shall the stress caused by differential thermal expansion between the metallic
liner and base metal be considered in the piping design?
Reply (1): Yes; see para. 301.7.3.
Question (2): Is the residual base metal hoop stress caused by liner mechanical expansion
during fabrication required to be included in the base metal pipe pressure design wall thickness
calculations?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): Does the Code prescribe specific methodology for flexibility analyses of lined pipe?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Paras. 328.2 and U341.4.1, Welding Radiography (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1790
Question (1): May a welding operator be qualified by radiography of his/her initial production
welding?
Question (2): May the production welding be examined by weld coupon examination in lieu
of radiography?
Reply (2): Yes, in accordance with para. U341.4.1.
Question (3): May weld coupon examination be used for welding operator’s performance
qualification in lieu of radiography?
Reply (3): No.
I-14
Subject: Chapter VI (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1817
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 provide an acceptance criterion for the amount of base
material deformation adjacent to butt welds, commonly referred to as “hoop shrinkage,” shown
in the following diagram?
Fig. 25-27 Schematic Showing Shrinkage in Buttwelded Pipe
CL of weld
␦, max radial shrinkage
CL of weld
GENERAL NOTE: Diagram extracted from “Analysis of Shrinkage in Stainless Steel Pipe to Pipe Butt Welds,”
Chakrapani Basavaraju, PVP1997 Conf Proc, Vol 347; 231–244. ASME ©1997.
Reply: No.
Subject: Para. 345.9, Alternative Leak Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 14-1907
Question: When the owner elects to apply alternative leak-testing provisions given in para. 345.9
as permitted by para. 345.1(c), does the Code require that all of the requirements described in
para. 345.9 be followed?
Reply: Yes.
I-15
Subject: Table 323.3.1, Welding Procedures With Impact Tests (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-586
Question: The requirements for qualification of a welding procedure with impact tests given
in Table 323.3.1 are different from the requirements of ASME Section IX, QW-403.6. Moreover,
QG-100(b) of Section IX states that the rules of the construction code take precedence over the
rules of Section IX. Does the Code require Table 323.3.1 be applied when qualifying a welding
procedure with impact tests?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Paras. 331.1.3(a)(2) and (c), Preheat and PWHT Governing Thickness (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-616
Question (1): In para. 331.1.3(a)(2), does the phrase “the thickness of the materials being joined
at the weld” mean the nominal thickness of the materials being joined at the weld?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): In para. 331.1.3(a)(2), does the phrase “the thickness of the pressure-containing
material” mean the nominal thickness of the pressure-containing material?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In para. 331.1.3(c), does the phrase “the thicker of the materials being joined at
the weld” mean the nominal thickness at the weld of the thicker of the materials being joined?
Reply (3): Yes.
Subject: Para. 304.3.4(d)(4), Limitations on Radius (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-788
Question: Does para. 304.3.4(d)(4) apply only to extruded outlets?

Reply: Yes; see para. 304.3.1(a).
I-16
Subject: Paras. 323.2.2(d), (d)(1), and (d)(2), and Fig. 323.2.2B, Impact Tested Material (B31.3-2008
Through B31.3-2014)
File: 15-810
(d)(2) in B31.3-2014, if the design metal temperature is colder than −55°F but at or warmer than
−155°F, and the stress ratio as defined in Fig. 323.2.2B does not exceed 0.3, does the Code require
impact tested material if the piping under question
(a) may experience shock loading or thermal bowing?
(b) contains welds between dissimilar materials?
Reply (1):
(a) Yes.
(b) Yes.
(d)(1) in B31.3-2008 through B31.3-2012, if the design metal temperature is -55°F or warmer, and
the stress ratio as defined in Fig. 323.2.2B is less than 1.0, is the designer required to consider
shock loading or thermal bowing and/or welds between dissimilar materials, beyond what is
required in paras. 301.4 through 301.11 of the Code, when using Fig. 323.2.2B?
Subject: Para. K304.7.3, Components With Nonmetallic Parts (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-1690
Question (1): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, is a valve considered to be
a piping component?
Question (2): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, may O-rings and lip seals
acting as gaskets or packing be used in valves in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012, para. K304.7.3, may nonmetallic seats be
used in valves in High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply (3): No.
Subject: Para. 345.2.3(c), Special Provisions for Testing, Closure Welds (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1723
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2014, para. 345.2.3(c) permit the use of a socket weld that cannot
be 100% examined in accordance with paras. 344.5 or 344.6 as a closure weld?
Reply: No.
I-17
Subject: Table K326.1 and Para. K323.3, HP Valve Product Codes (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1804
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, may API Specification 6A piping components
be used in Chapter IX High Pressure Fluid Service?
Reply: No, unless the requirements of para. K302.2.3 are met.
Subject: Table 308.2.1, Flange Thickness (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-1885
Question: May slip-on flanges be used as lapped flanges within the size ranges specified in
Table 308.2.1 when the thickness at the bolt circle satisfies the minimum requirements for slip-
on flanges, but does not meet the minimum requirements for lapped flanges?
Reply: No, unless pressure design is qualified per para. 304.5.1.
Subject: Para. 323.3 and Table 323.3.1, Item A-4, Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
(B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014)
File: 15-1992 and 15-1995
Question (1): For welds made by the fabricator, does ASME B31.3-2014, Table 323.3.1, item 4
require the heat treatment of test pieces to be the same as for production welds?
Reply (1): Yes.
Question (2): For welds made by the component manufacturer, does ASME B31.3-2014,
Table 323.3.1, item 4 require the heat treatment of test pieces to be the same as for production
welds?
Reply (2): Yes.
Question (3): Does ASME B31.3-2014, Table 323.3.1, item 4 require that separate test pieces be
qualified individually using base materials in the various heat treated conditions (e.g., as-rolled,
normalized, quenched and tempered, etc.)?
Reply (3): No.
I-18
Subject: Para. 323.3.5(d), Retest for Impact Test (B31.3-2012)

File: 15-1997
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, para. 323.3.5(d)(1), where the average absorbed
energy value in Charpy V-notch impact test results exceeds the minimum required value for a
single specimen, two individual values are below the required average value, and one of the
individual values is below the minimum required value for a single specimen, is a retest permitted?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing Materials (B31.3-2014)
File: 15-2052
Question: Does ASME B31.3 permit the use of an unlisted piping component manufactured
Reply: Yes, provided it meets all of the requirements of the Code, including the material being
qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 323.1.2, and the component meeting the
requirements of paras. 326.1.2 and 326.2.2.
Subject: Paras. 302.3.2(f), 304.7.2, and 323.1.2, Additive Manufacturing (B31.3-2014)

File: 15-2053
Question (1): Does ASME B31.3 permit the use of an unlisted piping component manufactured
Reply (1): Yes, provided it meets all of the requirements of the Code, including the material
being qualified in accordance with the requirements of para. 323.1.2, and the component meeting
the requirements of paras. 326.1.2 and 326.2.2.
Question (2): Does ASME B31.3 provide different requirements for piping that is inside a
secondary containment?
Reply (2): No.
Question (3): According to ASME B31.3, may piping that is inside a secondary containment
be considered to be safeguarded?
Reply (3): Yes. See Appendix G.
I-19
Subject: Para. 306.1, Pipe Fittings (B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014)

File: 15-2061
Question (1): Does the Code address the pressure boundary portions of an instrument that is
Reply (1): No.
Question (2): Does the Code address the pressure boundary portions of a thermowell that is
Subject: Table 302.3.5, Para. 302.2.4, and Para. 302.3.5(e), Pressure and Temperature Conditions
(B31.3-1996 Through B31.3-2014)
File: 15-2137
Question (1): Are the values to be determined for W to be based on anticipated coincident
operating pressure and temperature conditions?
Reply (1): Yes; see Table 302.3.5, General Note (c).
Question (2): May a value of W p 1.0 be used for the assessment of pressure and temperature
conditions that exceed the anticipated long-term operating conditions?
Reply (2): Yes, provided the requirements of paras. 302.2.4 and 302.3.5(e) are satisfied.
I-20
Subject: B31.3-2014-B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Column A (b)

Applicability to Longitudinally Welded Seam Components
File: 17-1781
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, may welded austenitic

stainless steel pipe and fittings, with carbon content less than or equal to 0.1%
and furnished in the solution heat-treated condition, be used at temperatures
equal to or warmer than those listed in the Minimum Temperature Column of
Table A-I for the particular alloy in question without impact testing of the base
metal?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-
4(a) apply to austenitic stainless steel pipe and fittings?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, Table 323.2.2, does box A-4
(b) apply only to welds performed on austenitic stainless steel piping by the
fabricator?
Reply 3: Yes.
Question 4: In accordance with ASME B31.3a-2000 Addenda, does para. 323.2.2(f) apply to
welds (with or without filler metal added) that are not subsequently solution heat
treated?
Reply 4: Yes.
Subject: ASME B31.3-2006, Process Piping, Paras. 345.2.3(a) and 345.8, Leak Testing
File: 16-2465
Question 1: To comply with Section 345, must a piping system be leak tested at the factory
fully assembled, or can individual pipe spools and equipment be tested
separately as suggested in para. 345.2.3(a)?
Reply 1: The committee believes your question can be answered by previous

interpretation 20-24, a copy of which is attached.
Question 2: If a piping system in Normal Fluid Service has passed a hydrostatic leak test in
accordance with para. 345.4 or a pneumatic leak test in accordance with para.
345.5 or a hydrostatic-pneumatic leak test in accordance with para. 345.6, is a
sensitive leak test in accordance with para. 345.8 required?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Application of a Detailed Stress

Analysis Performed Using a Numerical Method
File: 16-1009
Question: If the designer performs a finite element method evaluation of an unlisted

component that is accepted by the owner in accordance with para. 300(c)(3), is
the designer required to perform the calculation to be substantiated in
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2010, Interpretation of Para. K328.2.1(b), Welding Qualifications
File: 18-911
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2010, para. K328.2.1(b) is a separate

qualification of the welding procedure required for each combination of base
material specification(s) forming a joint, even if the material type or grade
remains the same?
Reply 1: Yes, unless para. K328.2.1(f) applies.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2010, if a welded joint comprised of two

different material specifications with the same type or grade in Chapter lX, High
Pressure Piping, is qualified, does the welding procedure also qualify welding of
each individual base material to itself?
Reply 2: No; see para. K328.2.1(b).
“K”
File: 17-992
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation or acceptance of the depth of root
surface concavity on a radiographic film through use of film density differential?
Interpretations 6-04, Question (2) and Reply (2) and 16-07, copies of which are
attached.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2012, Table 341.3.2 address evaluation or acceptance of the
depth of root surface concavity or total joint thickness, including weld
reinforcement, by visual examination?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation of the depth of root surface
concavity or total joint thickness, including weld reinforcement, by ultrasonic
thickness measurements?
Reply 3: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4(a) Progressive Sampling for

Examination
File: 15-2246
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 para. 341.3.4, when required spot
examination reveals a defect and progressive sampling is required, may “two
additional samples of the same kind” allow two additional spot examinations of
the same joint?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 para. 341.3.4, when required random
examination reveals a defective joint and progressive sampling is required, does
“two additional samples of the same kind” mean two additional joints?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331 Weld between “Non Pressure Part” on
Heat Treatment Requirements
File: 15-2767
Question: Do ASME B31.3, para. 331 postweld heat treatment requirements apply to that
portion of an integral attachment where a non-pressure containing component is
welded to a non-pressure containing component?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Code Case 180, Leak Testing of Subassemblies of

Jacketed Piping for Use in ASME B31.3 Piping Systems
File: 16-577
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, Code Case 180, is a leak test in
accordance with para. 345.1 required in addition to the Sensitive Leak Test?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4 Progressive Sampling
File: 16-843
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, does para. 341.3.4 apply when welds are
made by more than one welder or welding process?
Reply: Yes. Also see Interpretation #1-62.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 321 Piping Supports
File: 16-892
Question 1: Paragraph 321.3 Structural Attachments states “External and internal

attachments to piping shall be designed”; does this mean that piping support
elements must be designed in accordance with 304.7.2 if the items are not
listed?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Table 326.1 contains a reference to MSS SP 58; are other pipe support elements
required to be designed in accordance with 304.7.2?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 345.1 Testing Responsibility

File: 16-907
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address who is responsible for performing the leak test
required by para. 345.1?
Reply: No. The Code requires that leak testing be performed. The Code does not
specify who is responsible for performing the leak test.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Proposed Revision to Para. 345.1 Required Leak Test
File: 16-951
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2014, para. 345.1, prohibit use of solids to displace a portion
of the test fluid during a leak test?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2002, Interpretation of Para. 345.2.3(c) Closure Welds
File: 16-1130
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2002, if a weld joint in a piping system that had
been successfully leak tested is subsequently completely removed and replaced
with a new weld joint or joints, can that new weld joint or joints be treated as
closure welds if all provisions of para. 345.2.3(c) are met?
Reply: Yes.
“K”
File: 16-1557
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation or acceptance of weld root

concavity on a radiographic film through use of film density differential?

Interpretations 6-04, Question and Reply (2) and 16-07, copies of which are
attached.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2012, Table 341.3.2 address evaluation or acceptance of
weld root concavity or weld thickness (TW) by visual examination?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address evaluation of weld root concavity or weld
thickness (TW) by ultrasonic thickness measurements?
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 Reinforcement Allowed
File: 16-1559
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 Table 341.3.2, does Criterion Value Note
L allow the maximum external reinforcement plus the maximum internal
protrusion as the total reinforcement for welds?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Note 2 Impact Testing for Weld
Procedure Qualification
File: 16-1680
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014 Edition, if impact tests that meet Table
323.3.1 were performed at -320°F as part of a weld procedure qualification, does
that satisfy Table 323.2.2 Note 2 and allow use of this weld procedure for B31.3
piping systems with design minimum temperature down to -423°F without
additional impact testing at the design minimum temperature?
Reply: No. See previous Interpretation 8-30, Question 3.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 302.2.2 List Components Not Having Specific
Ratings
File: 16-1876
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, may a listed component have its
pressure-temperature rating determined through one of the means in para. 304?
Reply: Yes, see para 303.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331.1.1, 331.1.3, and Table 331.1.1 PWHT
File: 16-2140
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, para. 330.1.1, shall the nominal thickness of a
hubless ring-type flange be considered for determining preheat on a full
penetration groove weld through the thickness of the attached pipe?
Reply: Yes. See also para. 331.1.3(c).
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Flanges
File: 16-2507
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2016 para. 304.7.2 (a) permit the use of a metallic flange
without performing additional flange thickness calculations when designs are
checked for adequacy of mechanical strength as described in para. 302.5 and
documentation showing qualification for pressure design in accordance with
para. 304.7.2 is made available for the owner's approval?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Figure 328.5.4F Cover Fillet
File: 16-2522
Question: Do ASME B31.3-2014, paragraph 328.5.4(i) and Figure 328.5.4F require the
cover fillet weld to be made with a single pass?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 Determination of Tw for Note K
File: 16-2661
Question: Does ASME B31.3-2012 address how to evaluate root concavity or total joint
thickness, including weld reinforcement, by radiography where visual access to
the internal surface is not possible?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 307.2.1 Bonnet Bolting
File: 16-2989
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, for fluid services other than Category D,
do quick opening closures need to have at least four bolts?
Reply: The Code does not address this issue.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 301.3.2 Uninsulated Component Design

Temperature
File: 16-3057
Question: Does the criteria in para. 301.3.2 (Uninsulated Components) that establish
component temperature apply to uninsulated components in a piping system that
is otherwise insulated?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 345.1(c)(1)(a) and 345.1(c)(1)(b) Required

Leak Test
File: 17-4
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, do all of the requirements in paras.

345.1(c)(1)(a) through 345.1(c)(1)(d) have to be met for para. 345.1(c)(1) to
apply?
Reply: No. If any of the requirements in (a) through (d) are met, then para. 345.1(c)(1)
applies.
Subject: B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. 331 Post Weld Heat
Treatment
File: 17-24
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2012 and B31.3-2014, is postweld heat

treatment required for P-No. 11C material?
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, is postweld heat treatment required for
over 50 mm (2 in) thick P-No. 1 welded to P-No. 11C if the exemption
requirements in Table 331.1.3 are met?
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table A-1 Aluminum Casting
File: 17-220
Grade A356.0, Temper T6, UNS A13560 a listed material?
Reply 1: No.
Grade 356.0, Temper T6, UNS A03560 a listed material?
Reply 2: Yes.
Question 3: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2014 Edition, may cast aluminum ASTM B26,
Grade A356.0, Temper T6, UNS A13560 that is dual marked and dual certified
as grade 356.0/A356.0 use the Table A-1 or A-1M allowable stresses for grade
356.0?
Reply 3: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Note 77 in Appendix A
File: 17-562
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, does Appendix A, Note (77) also
include the P-number/Group number designation of API 5L grades of pipe to
CSA Z245.1 grades of pipe?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, does Appendix A, Note (77) apply
to fittings in accordance with CSA Z245.11 or flanges in accordance with CSA
Z245.12?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Para. K328.2 Welder Performance Qualification
File: 17-866
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, are the requirements in para. K328.2.1(b)
applicable to welder and welding operator performance qualifications?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 323.1.2 Use of SA-193-B8 Class 2B Bolts
File: 17-1107
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, may para. 323.1.2 Unlisted
Materials be used to qualify unlisted material ASTM A193 or ASME SA193,
Grade B8, Class 2B bolting with diameter greater than 38 mm (1.5 inches) and
less than or equal to 75 mm (3 inches) be used in B31.3 construction?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, are Tables A-2 and A-2M Notes
(15) and (60) applicable to a bolting material that is unlisted in Table A‐2 or A-
2M, Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials?
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 304.3.3 and 328.5.4 Complete Encirclement

Reinforcement Pad over a Longitudinal Welded Pipe

File: 17-1793
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2014 prohibit installation of a complete encirclement

reinforcement pad over a longitudinal welded pipe?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2014 prohibit reinforcement pad fillet welds from crossing a
longitudinal pipe weld seam?
Reply 2: No.
Question 3: Does ASME B31.3-2014 provide requirements or guidance specific to fillet welds,
which cross a longitudinal pipe weld seams?
Reply 3: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 304.3.1 “General” (a)(2) Unlisted Branch

Connections
File: 17-1965
Question: ASME B31.3-2014 Para. 304.3.1, is the limitation of DN 80 (NPS 3) related to

only the coupling?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Paras. 328.5.2 Weld Fitting to SO/SW Flange
File: 17-2236
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2014, does the Code prohibit welding a
buttwelding fitting to a slip-on or socket weld component?
Reply: No. The Code is not a design handbook. Many decisions that must be made to
produce a sound piping installation are not specified in detail within this Code.
The Code does not serve as a substitute for sound engineering judgments by the
owner and the designer.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 300(c)(3) Design and Acceptance of Code

Prohibitions

File: 17-2465
Question: Does the Code permit para. 300(c)(3) to be used to accept a design that is
specifically not permitted elsewhere in the Code?
Reply: Yes, provided the details of design, construction, examination, testing, and
calculations are consistent with the design criteria of this Code.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 335.2.5 Flanged Assembly
File: 17-2704
Question: Does ASME B31.3 require that the BPV Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix
2 be considered to determine bolt initial assembly stress?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2014, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 Dissimilar Weld and Base Metal
File: 17-3098
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, Table 323.2.2 Box A-3(a), for
ASTM A333 Gr.6 base metal that is internally lined or clad with UNS N08825, is it
required to perform additional impact tests on the base metal when used at a
design minimum temperature warmer than the value in the Min. Temp. column in
Table A-1/A-1M?
Reply 1: No, provided the lining or cladding process does not affect the metallurgy of the
base metal.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, Table 323.2.2 Box A-3(b), for an
ASTM A333 Gr.6 base metal internally lined or clad with UNS N08825 and
welded with ER NiCrMo-3 weld metal, is impact testing of the HAZ and weld
metal required when used at a design minimum temperature colder than -29°C (-
20°F) and warmer than the value in the Min. Temp. column in Table A-1/A-1M?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Stress
Limits

File: 17-3163
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3 prohibit the actual assembled bolt stress from exceeding the
listed Table A-2 bolt allowable stress?
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3 provide limits for stress of bolts in the actual assembled
condition?
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 304.1.1(b) Variable Definition
File: 17-3206
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2016 include the mill tolerance on pipe wall thickness in the
variable “c” in Eqn. (2)?
Reply 1: No. For mill tolerance, see 304.1.1(a).
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2016 require inclusion of the tolerance on diameter in the
variables “d” and “D”?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2 / Figure 341.3.2 (c) Incomplete

Penetration
File: 18-95
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008 for the purpose of evaluation of

incomplete penetration by radiography, would incomplete penetration also apply
if there was a missed root edge but no misalignment in Figure 341.3.2(c)?
Reply: Yes. See also Fig. 341.3.2(d).
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 328.2.2 Ownership of Welding Procedures
File: 18-164
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, may a contractor follow a WPS that has
been qualified by another company in accordance with the requirements of para.
328.2.2?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, does para. 328.2.2 take precedence over
the rules of ASME Section IX?
Reply 2: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 326.1 General Note (b) Evaluation of Unlisted
Materials
File: 18-410
Question: Does the Code require materials used by standards listed in Table 326.1 to be
evaluated in accordance with para. 323.1.2?
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Paras. 301.2, 300.1.3, Fig 300.1.1 Packaged or

Process Equipment
File: 18-621
Question: Does the Code require that multiple stage process equipment be defined as
packaged equipment?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 344.6.2 Acceptance Criteria for UT, Linear
Indication for Ultrasonics
File: 18-662
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, does the Code define a linear-type
discontinuity?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012-B31.3-2016, Intent Interpretation of Para. 328.6 Weld Repair
File: 18-913 and 18-907
Question: Is it the intent of ASME B31.3 para. 328.6, 2012 through 2018, that only
Standard Welding Procedure Specifications described in paragraph 328.2.1 are
permitted for weld repair?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2008, Interpretation of Table 341.3.2/Symbol E Porosity
File: 18-1018
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2008, Table 341.3.2, symbol E (size and
distribution of internal porosity), do the acceptable limits apply to all
configurations of porosity?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Note (55) of Table A-1/A-1M Heat Treatment of X

grades of API 5L
File: 18-1051
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, may X grades of API 5L pipe be
used?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, are X grades of API 5L pipe made
of TMCP (Thermo-Mechanically Controlled Process) steel plates considered to
be in the “as-rolled” condition in accordance with Table A-1/A-1M Note (55)?
Reply 2: The Code does not specifically address this issue.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of 328.4.2(a)(1) End Preparation on Surface
Thermally Affected by Previous Welding and Cutting
File: 18-1311
Question 1: Does ASME B31.3-2016, para. 328.4.2(a)(1) prohibit end preparation on material
surfaces previously welded?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: Does ASME B31.3-2016, para. 328.4.2(a)(1) provide requirements or guidance

about minimum length of material to be removed from previously welded
surfaces?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 - Box A-3(b)B Impact Test

Requirements for Welding ASTM A333 Grade 6 Material
File: 18-1529
Question: In accordance with ASME B31.3, Table 323.2.2, Box A-3(b) for welding ASTM
A333 grade 6 material with design minimum temperature between -29°C (-20°F)
and -46°C (-50°F) is impact testing in accordance with paragraph 323.3 required
for weld metal deposit and heat affected zone?
Reply: Yes. See also Table 323.3.1, Box 6.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 304.7.2 Proof Testing Requirements
File: 18-1572
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, para. 304.7.2(c), are the proof test
requirements of the selected referenced code to be followed?
Reply 1: Yes.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016, para. 304.7.2(c), must an unlisted piping
component being proof tested meet the overall scope description of the selected
referenced code (MSS SP-97, ASME B16.9, or ASME BPVC Section VIII, Div.
1)?
Reply 2: No.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Para. 301.2.2 Required Pressure Containment or

Relief
File: 18-1598
Question: Does ASME B31.3 2016 Edition, para. 301.2.2(a), define the highest expected
pressure during service?
Reply: No.
Subject: B31.3-2012, Interpretation of Para. 341.3.4 Progressive Sampling for

Examination
File: 18-1624
Question: Two weld joints in a designated lot require progressive sampling (10% random
examination requirement by engineering design) and both joints reveal a
defective weld. In accordance with para. 341.3.4(a), are four additional samples
(two for each of the defective welds) from the original designated lot required to
be given the same type of examination?
Reply: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Paras. 341.4.4, 344.1.2, 344.6.2, Appendix R

File: 18-1808
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3–2016, when ultrasonic examination is

performed in accordance with para. 341.4.4(b)(1) for Elevated Temperature Fluid
Services that requires 100% ultrasonic examination, does the code prohibit use
of ultrasonic shear-wave or automated or semi-automated ultrasonic examination
with computer-based ultrasonic data acquisition?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3–2016, are automated or semi-automated

ultrasonic examinations with computer-based ultrasonic data acquisition
classified as Special Methods in accordance with para. 344.1.2?
Reply 2: No.
to satisfy para. 344.6.2(a)?
Reply 3: Yes.

outside the requirements of Appendix R to satisfy the requirements of para.
341.4.4(b)(1)?
Reply 4: Yes.
Subject: B31.3-2016, Interpretation of Table 323.2.2 and Figure 323.2.2A Use of Curve D
for Normalized Carbon Steel Materials
File: 18-2198
Question 1: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, does Figure 323.2.2A Note (3)
permit ASTM A671 and ASTM A672 pipe made from ASTM A516 normalized
plate to use curve D for determining impact test exemption if the pipe is not
normalized after forming and welding?
Reply 1: No.
Question 2: In accordance with ASME B31.3-2016 Edition, does Column A of Table 323.2.2
apply to Curve D materials determined by Figure 323.2.2A, Note (3)?
Reply 2: Yes.

ASME B31.3 Interpretation

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ASME B31.3 Interpretation

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Interpretations No.1 to ANSI/ASME B31.

Date Issued: February 8. 1980

Subject: 337, Pressure Tests

Date Issued: April II, 1980

Subject: 302.2.4, Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations

Date Issued: April 11, 1980

April II, ]980

Subject: 336.6.1 (c), Progressive Examination

»ate Issued: April 11, 1980

----- ---- -----

1-6 B31.3 Interpretations No.1

Subject: 319.3.6, Flexibility and Stress Intensification Factors

Date Issued: April 11, 1980

Date Issued: April 11,1980

Subject: Compressors and Internal Piping

!)ate Issued: May 23, 1980

Subject: Table 3:!7.4.IA, Limitations on Imperfections in Welds

Date Issued: June 20, 1980

Question (3): Are tungsten inclusion imperfections classified as nonfusion or porosity'?

Interpretation: 1-10 ....

Date Issued: June 20, 1980

Date Issued: June 20, 1980

Subject: Tables 323.2.1 and 323.2.2

Date Issued: June 20, 1980

Subject: Allowable Stresses for ASTM A 587

Date Issued: June 20,1980

Subject: Umitations on Undercutting in Table 327.4.1A

. Date Issued: June 20, 1980

Subject: 323.1.1, Listed or Published Specifications

D'Jte Issued: August 1, 1980

Question: What is meant by the term "published specification" as used in 323.1.1?

Subject: Expansion Joints

Date Issued: August 22, 1980

Subject: Use of Brazed Joints for Flammable Service

Date Issued: August 22, 1980

Subject: 302.3.2 Bases for Allowable Stresses

Date Issued: August 22, 1980

Subject: Code Exclusions

Date Issued: August 22,1980

Subject: Th.ickness Allowances in 302.4

D.lte Issued: August 22,1980

B31.3 Interpretations No.1 1-21, 1-22, 1'~3

Subject: Extruded Outlet Headers

Date Issued: August 22; 1980

..' File: 1482

Subject: Value of R 1 in 304.2.3

Date Issued: August 22,1980

Subject: Bends '"

Fde: 1485 :'.

Question (2): Define "substantially free of buckles" as used in 329.1.

Subject: 336.5 and M336.5. Extent of Required Examinatiuns

Date Issued: August 22, 1980

Subject: 337.6, Sensitive Leak Test

Date Issued: September 5, 1980

Subject: Examination and Inspection

Date Issued: October 10, 1980

An equipment fabricator is contracted by an owner to construct a palletized assembly of components

/J-26. 1-27. 1·28 B31.3 Interpretations No.1

Subject: Random Radiography in 336.5.1(b)

Date Issued: October 10, 1980

Question (2): Who selects the random welds to be examined?

Subject: Defmition of Tin Fig. 327.4.2B

Date Issued: October 10. 1980 t· :

Subject: Allowable Stresses for Austenitic Stainless Steel H Grades