Shock Etiology Signs Treatment

Oxygenation
Judicious fluid administration (to avoid
MI
Cool, mottled skin pulmonary edema)
Myocardial contusion
Tachypnea Correct electrolyte imbalance
Cardiogenic Myocarditis
Hypotension Treat dysrhythmias (reduce HR)
Acute valvular failure
Altered mental status Inotropic agents
[pump failure] Arrythmia
Narrowed pulse pressure Intra-aortic balloon pump:
Mechanical (Acute mitral
Rales, murmurs Improves coronary blood flow
regurgitation, aortic insufficiency, VSD)
Decreases afterload
Decreases myocardial demand
Pulmonary embolus Tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxia Heparin, thrombolytics
Beck’s triad (hypotension, muffled
Cardiac tamponade Pericardiocentesis
Obstructive heart sounds, JVD)
Tension pneumothorax Chest pain, dyspnea, ↓ breath sounds Needle decompression, chest tube
Aortic stenosis Chest pain, syncope, systolic murmur Valve surgery
Fluid depletion: Control source of blood loss
Hypovolemic Vomiting, diarrhea, burns, polyuria
Hemorrhagic: IV resuscitation via crystalloid
[decreased preload] Trauma, GI, retroperitoneal bleed, solutions or blood transfusion
ruptured aneurysm (if loss >2L)
Sepsis Treat infection, maximize IV volume,
intubation, vasopressors, IV steroids
Pruritis, flushing, urticaria
Throat fullness, anxiety, chest
Distributive Anaphylaxis
tightness, dyspnea, lightheadedness
(Vasodilatory)
Altered mental status, respiratory
distress, circulatory collapse
Neurogenic Hypotension, bradycardia, sensory Fluid replacement, pressor agents,
(spinal cord injury) loss, motor paralysis, warm & dry skin steroids