Keypads

ECET 209 – Lecture 13

Introduction to Microcontrollers
 Overview

• Keypads
• Review the Bitwise C Operators to interface
with Hardware

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 Keypads

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 How Do Keypads Work?

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 How Do Keypads Work?

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 How Do Keypads Work?

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 How Do Keypads Work?

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 Scanning a Keypad

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 Scanning a Keypad

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad
Pull one line
low at a time

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad

Low Low Low Low

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad

Low

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad

Low

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad
Low vs. High
Low

High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad

Low

Low
High
High
High

High

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 Scanning a Keypad w/ Micro

Microcontroller

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 Buy a Chip!!

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 Fairchild MM74C922

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 Fairchild MM74C922

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 Fairchild MM74C922

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How does an encoded keypad work?

• Encoder Chip constantly scans the keypad

• When any key is pressed:
– DAV goes HIGH
– 4-bit data is Binary for the key pressed
• When key is released:
– DAV goes LOW
– Data removed from data lines.

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 Press Release Pressing “5”
DAV
DATA 0101

74922
KEYPAD
ENCODER
C D E F 1
DAV
8 9 A B
4 5 6 7 D3 0
D2 1
0 1 2 3 D1 0
D0 1
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 Keypad Example

• Create a program that will read the value on

the keypad when a key is pressed.

– Check for a key to be pressed

– Read the value

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 Keypad Example
• Create a program
that will read the
value on the
keypad when a
key is pressed.

– Check for a key to

be pressed
– Read the value
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 Keypad Example

• Create a program that will wait for a key on

the keypad to be pressed and then read the
value.

– Wait for a key to be pressed

– Read the value

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 Keypad Example
• Create a program
that will wait for a
key on the keypad
to be pressed and
then read the
value.

– Wait for a key to

be pressed
– Read the value
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 Keypad Example

• Create a program that will wait for a key to

be pressed, then read the value on the
keypad. After reading the value on the
keypad, wait until the key is released before
continuing.

– Wait for a key to be pressed

– Read the value
– Wait for the key to be released
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 Keypad Example

– Wait for a key

– Read the key
– Wait for release

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 Flowchart vs. Application

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 I/O Hookup

74922
KEYPAD
ENCODER

DAV PORTA.4

D3 PORTA.3
D2 PORTA.2
D1 PORTA.1
D0 PORTA.0
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 Masking for DAV

PORT Value xxx1xxxx

“MASK” AND 00010000
00010000

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 Masking for Data

PORT Value xxxx1111

“MASK” AND 00001111
00001111

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 Solution Steps

• For Lab #5
– Wait for a key to be pressed (DAV goes high)
– Read the key value
– Wait for key release (DAV goes low)
– Place the value on the LEDs
– Send the value out the serial port
– Loop back to the Top

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 Flowchart vs. Application

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 Handshaking
• CodeVisionAVR allows direct control or
access to the port pins for input and output

– Symbolically refer to port pins

– Can allow for easier to read code*

PORTC.7 = 0; // turn on MSB

if( PINB.0 == 1) // test LSB

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 Handshaking with the Keypad

while ( (PINA & 0x10) == 0) while ( PINA.4 == 0)

key = PINA & 0x0F; key = PINA & 0x0F;
while ( (PINA & 0x10) != 0) while (PINA.4 != 0)

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 Handshaking with the Keypad

while ( (PINA & 0x10) == 0) while ( PINA.4 == 0)

key = PINA & 0x0F; key = PINA & 0x0F;
while ( (PINA & 0x10) != 0) while (PINA.4 != 0)

while (PINA.4 == 1)

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 Press Release

DAV
DATA 0101

#define DAV PINA.4

while( DAV == 0 )
{
}
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 Press Release

DAV
DATA 0101

#define DAV PINA.4

while( DAV == 0 )
{
}
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 Press Release

DAV
DATA 0101

#define KEYPAD_DATA (PINA & 0x0F)

key = KEYPAD_DATA;
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 Press Release

DAV
DATA 0101

#define DAV PINA.4

while( DAV == 1 )
{
}
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 Keypad Handshaking

Wait for Dav Wait for

Not Dav

Read the Key

Wait for Dav

Wait for
Not Dav Read the Key

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 Solution Steps

• For Lab
– Wait for key release (DAV goes low)
– Wait for a key to be pressed (DAV goes high)
– Read the key value
– Place the value on the LEDs
– Send the value out the serial port
– Loop back to the Top

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