UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE HONDURAS

CAMPUS VIRTUAL

TRABAJO SOBRE:

Tarea Grupal

CÁTEDRA
Ingles IV

CATEDRÁTICA
Master Mayra Jacome

GRUPO
0001
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 PRESENTADO POR:

Cristhian Andrés Diaz Rivera 201610110481

Maricela Elizabeth Fajardo Ponce 200611030002

Jossett Estalin guerra andino 991081069

Noel Enrique Rivera Oliver 201510050061

Katherine Stephanie Vásquez Rodríguez 201510050096

Lisian Leomedis Almendares Urbina 201530020060

Yerson Danilo Ruiz Norales 201410010211

Verónica Patricia Torres Inestroza 201810080132

Reyna Iris Velásquez Reyes 201620060167

Fecha: 11 de marzo del 2018

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 Creative Writing and Its Importance

The creative history of humanity indicates that one of the most human and beautiful acts of the
human species is writing. Understood as the crystallization of the power and beauty of words,
knowledge, meaning and aesthetic pleasure, through a symbolism.

According to Aristotle, man is the being of the word; therefore, he is immersed in that symbolic
marasmus of which he uses to be more Being and transcend in his possibilities.

But how did man come to the word or how did the word come to man and also to writing? it
would be, giving him a Socratic brushstroke, the question to be solved. Maybe it's an enigma
according to George Steiner; "... an enigma that is only worth considering to spur the game of
the intellect, to open the eyes to the portento of its communicative genius, but it is not a question
whose safe answer is within the reach of humans". The interesting thing is that the word exists
and throbs in the reality where man is and, at his side, there is that inherent scriptural capacity
as a playful-creative activity which is apprehended to express itself aesthetically.

Writing as a creation of the human intellect is an obsessive and pleasant act. It always forces
man to be more aware of his abilities and limitations. Likewise, it overflows in its very creation.
With it, he unravels and pierces his feverish ability to idealize, create possible worlds, fictions
and knowledge, presenting readers with fables anointed with hallucinations that are woven and
coagulated through their imagination.

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There the fantasy may or may not be subordinated to reality or vice versa, suggest significant
ways that allow the reader a way out of the minority. That is to say, opening his understanding
and awakening him from the lethargy to which he has been subjected in the course of time.

The creator of texts, in his work, over and over again with perfectionist obsession creative
artifices to configure a perfectible whole through the construction, destruction and
reconstruction of his writings. It sends signals that may or may not serve as references to a
possible understanding and interpretation of the explicit and implicit meanings. Their narrative
forests, as Umberto Eco would say, are created to be penetrated by diligent and experienced
readers from their ideological structures, their perceptions, motivations and interests. This is
why it is necessary for the writer to know how to configure a texture according to the demands
of its potential readers. The text can not remain isolated from factors consistent with the reader
and the context, it would be rain on wet.

Likewise, the approaches, the descriptions, situations, conflicts and explanations that appear in
the texts are manifested to be unraveled by the reader. The good writer challenges his readers.
If this is not presented, the text remains in the passive and obscure enunciation. His work is
lost in the cavity of oblivion. As Kafka once expressed: "If the book we read does not wake us
up like a fist that hits our skull, why do we read it, so that it makes us happy? My God, we
would also be happy if we did not have books, and we could , if necessary, write ourselves the
books that make us happy, but what we should have are those books that rush on us like bad

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luck and that disturb us deeply, like the death of someone we love more than us same as suicide,
a book should be like an ice pick that breaks the frozen sea we have inside. "

On the other hand, writing is a revealing act, because through it, trends, perspectives,
ideologies, knowledge and meanings are expressed that activate when executing, according to
sicolinguistic studies, the greatest cognitive device to the human being: the mind. It is
responsible for offering and opening paths of rebellion against what is established as truth or
as a particular worldview. Well, if reading does not disturb the reader, it means that it is tamed
and alienated; since, if the thoughts and knowledge expressed in the written text do not disturb
the reader, it is verified that it is being tamed, banalized or repressed, according to the teacher
Zuleta, or, in the worst case, the text is not well constructed.

I consider that every writer, like any person who develops writing, feels immense pleasure at
the moment of initiating his creative activity and has, among his objectives, to provoke his
potential reader a strong shaking that awakens his sensitivity through the form as he presents
his written warp. Its essence and function can not be lost in the meanders of ignorance. The
writer and the written are a whole; there are no separations or divergences, because they live
materialized before the eyes of the world.

The above shows that writing, in addition to fulfilling cognitive-cognitive functions and taking
as a strategy of transcendence and transformation of human consciousness, is a process that
facilitates pleasure. Man becomes sensitized and humanized when he strips himself of those
ghosts that underlie his being, in his interiority and that by his communicative and socializing
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nature channels for his benefit and that of others. He can not be thinking about repressed
ancestral subordinations and fears; Man is a kinetic force that transcends the here and now
through knowledge, education, culture and writing, especially among other manifestations.

However, we have become accustomed to the fact that in the teaching of communication, in
all its spheres, the development of language and writing is not addressed from real and concrete
particulars that potentiate the thinking and creative abilities of the apprentices. Well, as
Professor Álvaro Díaz says, citing Widdowson, if you have to teach the language in your
communicative function, on the one hand you have to focus attention on the way it is used to
perform communicative acts in the speech and, in special the writing to configure a creative
culture from education.

Writing is one of the most human acts and as such is constantly called to develop the different
dimensions of being and thinking. As a creative act, also, the scriptural fable is presented as a
transcendental alternative in the formation of free subjects. Man is humanized by education to
the extent that knowledge, and especially writing, materialize in their universe.

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 Origin and History of The English Language

The English language has come a long way: what began as a dialect of invading peoples, was
enriched by the contribution of diverse cultures to become the most important language
worldwide. Here is a review of this interesting story.

English in our days

English is a Germanic language of the Indo-European family. Today it is the second most
spoken language in the world after Chinese. However, English is the most widespread language
in the world and is on its way to becoming the universal language. These are some of the
reasons that explain this supremacy over other languages such as French, Spanish and Arabic:

• It is the official or co-official language in more than 45 countries.

• Half of all commercial agreements are conducted in English.

• Two thirds of the scientific studies are written in English.

• More than 70% of all emails are written and directed in English.

• It is the language par excellence of the science of our days: computer science.

• Most international tourism, aviation and diplomacy are conducted in English.

• In addition, English is present in the cultural, social, political and economic life of most
countries in the world.

Interestingly, we can mention that in China there are more people who speak English than in
the United States.
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Origin and History

The history of the English can be described since the arrival of three Germanic tribes to the
British Isles in the 500 BC. The Angles, Saxons and Jutes crossed the North Sea from what we
now know as Denmark and northern Germany. The Anglos received that name due to their
land of origin Engle or Angels. They called their own language Englisc, a word that derived in
English or English.

Before the arrival of the Germanic tribes, the inhabitants of Great Britain spoke a language of
Celtic origin. These people were forced to move to Wales, Cornwall and Scotland, which is
why Celtic was quickly displaced. A group emigrated to the coast of the French Brittany, where
their descendants, still in our days, speak the Breton language, of Celtic origin.

The oldest written sample of the English language is an Anglo-Saxon inscription dating from
450 to 480 BC. During the following centuries, and when the Germanic tribes expanded
throughout the country, four dialects developed:

• Northumbria in Northumbria, north of the Humber River

• Mercian in the kingdom of Mercia, in the central part of present-day England.

• West Saxon in the kingdom of Wessex, in the southwestern part.

• Kentish in Kent, in the extreme southeast.

During the 700s and 800s, the culture and language of Northumbria dominated Britain. The
invasions of the Vikings in the 900 put an end to that domination and also brought the
destruction of Mercia. Only Wessex remained as an independent kingdom.
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In the tenth century, the dialect of the Western Saxons became the official language of Great
Britain. There are samples of old English that date from this period and are written mainly with
the runic alphabet, which originated in the Scandinavian languages.

The Latin alphabet was brought by Christian missionaries from Ireland and is still the English
writing system.

The vocabulary of Old English consisted of a mixture of Anglo-Saxon words with borrowed
words from Scandinavian (Danish and Norwegian) and Latin. Thus, Latin introduced words
such as street (street), kitchen (kitchen), cheese (cheese), wine (wine), angel (angel), bishop
(bishop), among others. The Vikings in turn added Norwegian words such as: sky, egg, skin,
window, husband, skill, odd, get give (give), take (call), call (call). Celtic words still exist,
mainly in the name of places and rivers (Devon, Dover, Kent, Trent, Severn, Avon, Thames).

Many pairs of words in English and Norwegian coexist giving us two words with the same or
similar meaning.

Examples of this:

Norwegian English Sick

Anger anger Dyke Ditch

No, no Skirt shirt

Fro From

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In 1066, the Normans conquered Britain. French became the language of the Norman
aristocracy and, consequently, more words were added to English. More pairs of similar words
appeared:

French English

Closing closed

Answer

Annual Request Desire Wish Anger / Wrath Because the English servants cooked for the
Norman nobility, the names of most of the pets are English (ox, cow, calf, sheep, pig, deer),
while the names of the meats obtained from these animals are of French origin (veal, veal,
lamb, pork, bacon, venison). With time, the Germanic form of the plurals (house, house, shoe,
shoen) was displaced by the French way of creating plurals: adding an "s" at the end of the
words (house, houses, shoe, shoes). Only in some cases has the Germanic plural form been
preserved: men, oxen, feet, teeth, children. The French influence also affected the writing, so
the sound "cw" happened to be written as "qu" (thus, "cween" happened to be written "queen")
It was not until the fourteenth century that English was again the dominant language in Britain.
In 1399, Henry IV became the first king of England, of the Norman conquest, whose mother
tongue was English. At that time, the London dialect had emerged as the standard dialect of
what is now called Middle English or Medieval English. During the last years of the medieval
period and the first ones of the modern period (XV to XVII centuries), a continuous process of
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standardization of the English language was observed, in the territory that extends to the south
of the border with Scotland. The language spoken and written in London (The London
Standard) continued to evolve, extending its use among the highest sectors of society,
especially in formal contexts. The other regional varieties were displaced, under the stigma
that indicated lack of social prestige and education. In 1476, William Caxton introduced the
first printing machine in England and, through this new medium, the London Standard
extended its influence throughout the country. Books became more affordable for the common
population and the spread of literacy. The works in English became more common, whereas
the opposite happened with the works in Latin. Writing and grammar standards were
established and, in 1604, the first dictionary of the English language was published. It is from
this period, that the English language begins to take shape and resembles the language spoken
in our day. Although the order of the words and the construction of the sentences were still
slightly different, this early version of modern English would have been understood by the
speaker of Old English. For example, the phrase "We like to navigate" from Old English
became "We like to navigate". The classical elements, from Greek and Latin, profoundly
influenced the creation and origin of the new words. Early modern English took from the Greek
words such as grammar, logic, arithmetic, geometry and astronomy.

From the sixteenth century, the expansion of the British Empire, along with the Renaissance,
brought many words of foreign origin that were incorporated into English, directly or

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indirectly. New words were created at an increasingly intense speed. The number of words of
other languages incorporated in the English language is enormous, but the heart of the language
is in the Anglo-Saxon core of Old English. Around 5000 words of this era remain without
major changes. Among these words we have the bases on which the language is built: words
for domestic use, parts of the body, names of common animals, names of elements and natural
phenomena, most of the pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and auxiliary verbs.

English Poetry

Holy Sonnet 10: Death, Be Not Proud by John Donne (1572-1631)

Death, be not proud, though some have called thee

Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so;
For those whom thou think’st thou dost overthrow
Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me.
From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be,
Much pleasure; then from thee much more must flow,
And soonest our best men with thee do go,
Rest of their bones, and soul’s delivery.
Thou art slave to fate, chance, kings, and desperate men,
And dost with poison, war, and sickness dwell,
And poppy or charms can make us sleep as well
And better than thy stroke; why swell’st thou then?
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One short sleep past, we wake eternally
And death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.

“Sonnet 18” by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st;
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

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 “On His Blindness” by John Milton (1608-1674)

When I consider how my light is spent

Ere half my days in this dark world and wide,
And that one talent which is death to hide
Lodg’d with me useless, though my soul more bent
To serve therewith my Maker, and present
My true account, lest he returning chide,
“Doth God exact day-labour, light denied?”
I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent
That murmur, soon replies: “God doth not need
Either man’s work or his own gifts: who best
Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state
Is kingly; thousands at his bidding speed
And post o’er land and ocean without rest:
They also serve who only stand and wait.”

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“The New Colossus” by Emma Lazarus (1849-1887)

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,

With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
“Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!” cries she
With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”

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 Different types of English in the world

The importance of English in our society is growing. Not only is the mother tongue of more
than 350 million people, but the number of people who speak it as a second language or as a
foreign language around the world triples the number of native speakers.

This role is not only given by the number of people who speak it, since, for example, Mandarin
Chinese has more speakers, but it is the main language in the world of business, science,
information, tourism and politics. international.

Thanks in large part to American films and music, English continues to expand and, despite its
progressive homogenization, there are important grammatical, spelling and pronunciation
differences according to the area in which it is spoken.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ENGLISH AND ENGLISH AMERICAN

Significant differences in language do not prevent British and Americans from understanding
each other perfectly.

The American dialect arose after the British colonization and many English expressions were
conserved in their colonies while they disappeared in the old continent, and others arose in the
United States. after independence.

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In general, the accents are much less marked in America, due to the constant migrations, both
foreign and national, throughout history, which caused a constant mix of the language.
However, in Britain it is easy to guess where a person comes from simply by listening to him
speak. The variety of dialects is greater, since people remained in the same place for
generations, which makes the language develop differently in each population.

In the United Kingdom, very few people speak the so-called "English of the Queen", since
depending on the area and the social class there are different dialects. However, both in the
United States and in Canada, the language is more homogeneous, largely thanks to films and
programs that are broadcast in American English. The same happens in Europe, where the
influence of cinema makes the accent more like the American, although the British are taught
as a rule. INGLÉS DE INGLATERRA,

SCOTLAND AND IRELAND

There are profound differences in the English that is used in each of these areas, the main one
is pronunciation. Known as Scottish English, he came to the predominant Gaelic English and
has unique words and expressions that are not used anywhere else in the world.

On the other hand, the main differences presented by the English of Ireland, known as Anglo-
Irish or Hiberno-English, are in their colloquial use, as well as in the accent.

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ENGLISH OF CANADA

In Canada, English and French are spoken indistinctly, the latter being the official language in
Quebec. Both American and French English have a significant influence on the lexicon,
although the rules of British English are taken into account in orthographic matters.

ENGLISH OF AUSTRALIA

The general tendency is to use British English in terms of spelling and lexicon, although it is
characterized by a marked accent and the use of diminutives and own expressions that are being
incorporated into British English thanks to audiovisual and communication media.

The indigenous languages have disappeared, leaving only some names of places, plants and
animals, which are already part of universal English.

ENGLISH OF NEW ZEALAND

Very influenced by the English of their Australian neighbors, share a very similar accent,
although New Zealand presents some own characteristics derived from the Scottish and Irish
migration.

The original language of the inhabitants of the island was Maori, which has left words largely
related to nature.

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ENGLISH OF SOUTH AFRICA AND THE AFRICAN CONTINENT

Country with eleven official languages, only a small minority consider English as their mother
tongue. Despite this, it is the reference language to communicate; the one everyone knows

Among the varieties of English that we find among different ethnic groups, we find points in
common derived from the influence of Afrikaans, a variant of the Dutch language, and other
African languages.

South African English also has its own uses, some of which have been incorporated into
universal English.

As for the African continent, the rules of British English are followed, with the exception of
Liberia, due to colonization. Along with South Africa in sub-Saharan Africa, English is also
spoken in Nigeria.

ENGLISH OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT

India has more than 30 recognized languages and thousands of dialects, and the official status
of one or the other changes depending on the region. Among such variety, English and Hindi
are the official communication languages.

We also find contributions from English from India to universal English.

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ENGLISH OF THE ASIAN CONTINENT

In Southeast Asia and Japan American English is taught, which also prevails in those countries
where there has never been a British presence. However, where they ruled, British English is
taught.

STORIES AND NOVELS OF THE ENGLISH MEDIA

Before I start mentioning some stories and novels for people of average English, I would like
to start with the definition of medium English.

An English medium is one that uses English as the primary medium of instruction, especially
when English is not the primary language of the students.

What is a story?

A fictional or true narrative or story, especially one narrated imaginatively.

What is a novel?

A novel is a long and fictional narrative that describes intimate human experiences.

Here are some stories and some novels that people like us can read, learn and have fun.

1. Danny, the world champion by Roald Dahl

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Roald Dahl is one of the best writers of all time for both children and adults. His simple writing
style and beautiful and charming stories are world famous. However, some of their stories may
be prone to "nonsense" words and old language. Danny, the World Champion, does not have
this problem, it is a more adult story about a child's relationship with his father, and his father's
dark and secret past.

2. Charlotte's Web by E.B. White

This famous story was written by a writer known for his style of simple and clean writing. It
was so good that he even wrote an entire instruction manual on how to write clearly! Charlotte's
Web is a story set on a farm about an unlikely friendship between a spider and a pig. If you
like animals, this story is definitely for you!

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3. The Happy Prince of Oscar Wilde

The Happy Prince is one of Oscar Wilde's best short stories. Known for its heartbreaking
ending, this simple parable focuses on the relationship between a talking statue and a tiny bird.
The language is simple and the story is short but beautiful.

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4. A series of unfortunate events by Lemony Snicket

This charming book is very useful for readers looking to improve their English; The author
really explains some of the most difficult words! As the title suggests, this novel does not have
a happy ending, but it's a fantastic adventure! Tells the story of a family of children who lose
their parents and live with the mysterious Count Olaf.

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5. The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame

The wind in the willows is another classic of British literature and has inspired readers for
generations. Its simple language is easy to read and the story is interesting and fun. It is centered
around a river in the English countryside and the adventures of the animals that live around it.

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6. The old man and the sea by Ernest Hemingway

This short novel earned Hemingway the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 and is one of the
greatest works ever written. Beginners can find this novel a little harder than the others,
however, Hemingway is famous for having some of the simplest writing styles and cleanest
prose of any legendary writer. This intensely human and emotional tale is about a fisherman's
fight against nature.

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 ENGLISH IN THE WORLD

English is widely spoken, often referred to as the "language of the world," the lingua franca of
the modern era. Although it is not an official language in most countries, it is currently the
language that is most frequently taught as a foreign language. By an international treaty, it is
the official language of aeronautical, and maritime communication.
English is the most studied language in the world. In the European Union, the degree of
knowledge is variable and according to the perception of the usefulness of foreign languages
among Europeans, English is 67% ahead of German 17% and 16% French (as of 2012). Among
some of the non-English speaking countries of the EU, the following percentages of the adult
population claimed to be able to converse in English in 2012: 90% in the Netherlands, 89% in
Malta, 86% in Sweden and Denmark, 73% in Cyprus and Austria, 70% in Finland, and more
than 50% in Greece, Luxembourg, Slovenia and Germany. In 2012, with the exception of
native speakers, 38% of Europeans considered that they could speak English, but only 3% of
Japanese people spoke it.
Books, magazines and newspapers written in English are available in many countries around
the world, and English is the most widely used language in the sciences. Literature in English
predominates considerably with 28% of all volumes published in the world [Leclerc 2011 ]
and 30% of the content of the website in the year 2011 (of 50% in 2000).
This growing use of the English language worldwide has had a great impact on many other
languages, leading to the replacement of some language and even the death of languages, 48
and there have been claims of linguistic imperialism. English is shown as one of the languages
most open to change, with multiple regional varieties that feed back into the language as a
whole.
English is currently considered the most important language worldwide, either for those who
speak it as a first language or those who speak it as a second language, that is to say as a
secondary language after the mother tongue. Although native-speaking English speakers (those
who speak it as the official language of the country in which they were born) are not as many
as those of other languages such as Spanish or Chinese, English wins absolutely every battle

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when talking about people who speak or master English as a second language. In this sense, it
can be said that the English language is present in almost all the world and is considered the
main element of communication between very diverse cultures that share few or no common
traits. The English language phenomenon is interesting because it can also be related to a debate
about its presence around the world, its reasons and consequences.
In recent times, especially since the end of the 19th century and throughout the 20th century,
English has progressively become the most widely spoken language in the world. Thus, it has
displaced languages such as French or Italian, even German, which were traditional in some
scientific or artistic fields. Here globalization has been of great importance as a means through
which English has grown infinitely.

The phenomenon of globalization has contributed greatly to make English the most important
and necessary language of today, being that it is understood as the language of the dominant
countries worldwide (especially the United States and England). Through cultural consumption
(movies, series, music) and also from political, diplomatic, economic, English has

been advancing on the native languages of each place, occupying from small
places with colloquial or circumstantial words to allow idioms to be adopted ,
phrases and abstract concepts even in places where the population does not
speak or completely dominate English.

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 CONCLUSIONS

• Despite the existence of other international languages and languages that seek to use a more
neutral language, English is today the main language of international communication. This is
because a dominant "civilization" generally does not adopt another language, but, on the
contrary, imposes it; This is the reason why in many European countries they derive from Latin,
since this is the official language of the Roman Empire.

• English is the official language of the globalized world in which we live. That is why the
main reason why it is important is that today, in an interconnected world, knowledge of the
English language has become the main vehicle for the process of universalization of knowledge
and an essential factor for academic education and professional development

• Globalization is an energetic and overwhelming fact, therefore, it is our duty to prepare

ourselves to develop in it. Throughout this investigation, we have seen how the quality and
quantity of information are in English; And in a world where the domain is exercised through
good information management, it is essential to acquire the management tool of this second
language to include us in this changing world.

• At the international level, the English language is increasingly seen its influence in all areas
of life at the local level. Understanding and managing the English language will improve
development, whatever the social or employment terrain in which one must develop.

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