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Double parallel fillet welded Joints
A steel plate, 100mm wide and 10mm thick is welded to another steel plate by means
of double parallel fillet welds. The plates are subjected to a static tensile force of 50 kN.
Determine the required length of the welds if the permissible shear stress in the weld is
94 N/mm2 .
L
Single transverse double parallel fillet welded Joints
Throat section
A plate, 75mm wide and 10 mm thick, is joined with another steel plate by means of
subjected to
single transverse and double parallel fillet welds. The joint is subjected to a maximum
shear stress
tensile force of 55 kN. The permissible tensile and shear stresses in the weld material are
70 and 50N/mm2 . Determine the required length of each parallel fillet weld.
Axially loaded unsymmetrical welded Joints
P1
P2
P = P1 + P2
Under equilibrium, the moment of the forces about the C.G. is equal to zero.
P1×a = P2×b
Determine the size of the welds if the permissible shear stress for the weld is 100
N/mm2. Assume static conditions.
50
50
150
7.5 KN
Eccentric load in the plane of welds
P
Rivet Parts
Method of Riveting
Caulking and Fullering: To make the joints leak proof or fluid tight.
Caulking tool closes the surface asperities and cracks on the contacting surfaces between
two plates and also between the rivet and the plates, resulting in leak proof joints.
Fullering is similar to caulking except the shape of the tool. The blows of the fullering tool
result in simultaneous pressure on the entire edge of the plate.
Pitch [P]. It is the distance from the centre of one rivet to the centre of the next rivet
measured parallel to the seam.
Back pitch [Pb]. It is the perpendicular distance between the centre lines of the successive
rows.
Diagonal pitch [Pd]. It is the distance between the centres of the rivets in adjacent rows of
zig-zag riveted joint.
Triple Riveted Lap Joint
Single riveted double strap butt joint Double riveted double strap (equal) butt joint
Crushing of a Rivet
Shearing off a rivet in double cover butt joint
Strength equations for riveted joints
The strength of the unriveted or solid plate, P = p × t × σt = 100 × 20 × 120 = 240 000 N
𝑳𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒔𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑷𝒔,𝑷𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑷𝒄
Efficiency of the joint = = 0.625 or 62.5%
𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒅 𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆
1. Thickness of the vessel
𝒑𝑫
t= + 𝑪𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆
𝟐𝝈𝒕 𝜼
2. Diameter of rivets (If t > 8mm then use Unwin’s
formula)
𝒅=𝟔 𝒕
3. Pitch of the rivets (According to IBR)
pmin = 2d
pmax =Ct + 41.28
pt = 0.2p + 1.15d (distance between outer and middle row)
pt=0.165p+0.67d (distance between middle and inner row)
Margin m = 1.5d
4. Thickness of straps
𝒑 −𝒅
t1= 0.625t [ ]
𝒑 −𝟐𝒅
5. Efficiency of the joint
𝑷
P1’ = P2’ = P3’ =P4’ =
𝑵𝒐.𝒐𝒇 𝒓𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒕𝒔
The moment at C.G results in secondary shear forces P1’’, P2’’, P3’’, P4’’
Secondary shear force at any rivet is proportional to its distance from the C.G.
𝑷. 𝒆
𝑪= 𝟐
𝒓𝟏 + 𝒓𝟐𝟐 + 𝒓𝟑𝟐 + 𝒓𝟒𝟐
𝑷.𝒆.𝒓𝟏
P1’’=
𝒓𝟏𝟐 +𝒓𝟐𝟐 +𝒓𝟑𝟐 +𝒓𝟒𝟐