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t

I 'l' FLUoR
P IP INC
PIIASE IIl
PI]HPS AND TURBINES
NIJMB ER

LESSON 9
PAGE 1

I TRAIIIINC
)r lluaLs oATE Rev. 1/80

I
! A. centrifugal
1- Horizontal
2. VerticaL
! B.
3. In-1ine
Rotary

! I-
2-
3-
Gear
cam
scre!,
! C. Reciprocating

t 1.
2-
3-
Piston
Plunger (simplex and Duplex)
Diaphragm

I Ii. ?ump Drivers


A. Electric motor
t B. Turblne (steam, gas, oit)

! lII- Pump

A-
Location Consideratj-ons
Close to source, space available and size of pump

1- under pipeway
T 2- Adjacent to vessel

I 3.
a- Trenches may be requj-red

In tank area - outside diked area

I a-
b.
c.
crouping of purl{)s may be requi.red
Avoid direct runs from tank to pump suction
Check tank settlement - affects suction piping

T clearances

I 1.2'-6" around pump (ninimum $aIklray)


maintained by rnanual equipnent

I Ffexibifity
Important factor - can affect pu,np location and vessel orientation

I P3C-1-013
!
t 'l'eLuon
PIPING
PHASE III
PUI'IPS AND TIJRB]NES
NUI{BER
LESSOI 9

TRAINING
PlcE ' 2
Rev- 1/80
-I MANUALS DATE]

_r
I
I 2.
3.
4.
Do not pocket lines - step continuouslY dollrl to punP
Temporary start-up strainers required
Reducers at pump nozzle - refer to Fluor standard

I I,lhen source
foundation -
isLon, PiPing can determine elevation
check this in your studY.
of punp

I 5. supporting suction line6


a- Top suction - normallY from overhead

I B.
b- End and side suction - from grade or from Pump founalation

Discharge piping

I 1 . Tl'pes: top, side


Nozzle normally smaller than suction Piping
2- Checkvalve required to Prevent backflor,, on centrifugal Pumps
-I not mandatory on positive disPlacement prrftps -
3. Line support
-I
I From grade, pipe\ray, pipeway
supports

Side discharge - requires more sPace-


struts, and possibly separate

I 4-

5.
PumP study before locating PumP -
Verify requirements during

vertlcal purnps _ orient discharge to most suitabte and econoni-


I cal focation
on sump tlpe, verify that sump is at Proper depth to

I accePt pumps

t! 6.

7-
Ir-1ine

from
pumps

Liqht veight
concrete
Reciprocating
pr.rmps caD be supPorted from piPing; heavy
foundation
pumps
Pumps

I
! Keep discharge pj.ping close

P3C-1-013
to grade, may require hold-dovns
I NUMBER

I trLUOR

-:rrNG
PHASE lII
PI,I{PS AND IIJRBINES
LES5ON 9
pAcE 3 of 3

I .:N!ALS OAIE Rev- 1/80

I rurbine Pir,iho
steam inlet - checking freezing conditions
I
A.

1. Piping should come from !9P of suPply header for driest steam
Possible-

I 2- val.ves located Per Fluor standard


3. Proper suPPorts Provided?
4. Bootleg Provided for condensate?
I B. Steafi er<haust
1. Line to toP of header
I 2- Line(s) stress checked
i. cfru"i alrain - from e:,haust or casing? verify this fron turbine
outline

I
I
I
I

P3C- t"'013
P34- / -o/9
s4 I
Pumps and Turblnes

?.frrt

q
))
.ld-tt, v
t'/i.

d'J t1

{ {
{ s(r\
I 9 $
c
3 e
a o B s
i ls

+
I
tE1 vl
r':\

P./@B
Sfabrhzer bo+foms PumPz

FiBuro 1-'1. Horizontal conlrllugal pumpg shown on llow dlagram


Courtdy ol FIuo' Enolne6r3 and
Constsuctors, lnc.
PsC-/-O/' +
sH, 5
3 Process Piping Deslgn d1

.t
-
;.E
Ei
t- -E =:

l6 r € i; PJ
: l=
l5
t; I IE
tl li
:; i !l s ta t=
IE
t; ;E !g;;
:i E
I t: li
t-
lr
t- Ir
a E !i= 3-ie
FeE;EEii
t l= It
rlr !li !EE3:iF5 t- -
:.'!:= -:
EEsE!iEE=
!s
s
_P,q !
C
o

Effi1j 5:
;
.:
o
q
E
# 2 G
B

!:
tr o
I
oj
o
a 3i
;. =
o-
--
N o,
l t-
_t_tI
:le t
A

i
ll '\ N !

@I Er
t =
Ei

- o

o
t
I

-
-9
Ljf._l-o/Z
i- Ev! ry'J
- -* J1r:c

6
I
I
I

,.:..
: .--

lr r
I L.J
I r-1
( Lr
I r,a o-
l*u9
Irr o_
1ur
[rE z
Lfil

J
z

ti o€
i _or!2 !
EG E
. u :HEs_! q !,
i-.
sii
:s sEsiP'Ii'" i:r
i.': iui':i
! : i"r i : I : :,i .' ; J .' i 9 i :r :Jri
Y i ! i ] ! ; 3 i 'i : S E :- :t
J1
a
.: al

sl uil
iii::i:::::lEtE
0-l
BI >t iisi
E t 6l
rll f,l .,JFE: ol
Ele i:
e
1?1?:1::::::i 5r
i::I?:::i::::1el ol
{fi'.....r.,.1$ -l <l II ilJI EE.,Ei
(o
h
ilr;:' !p L!!ceee!! \9 cee
(91
trl
i. d"ir. rr:= :::
rir :Flnt,t.++ .r. ;t Ex =
litl I {tl z
zl
6l
-t

s r$ i:
a
\ ;
{l
\ $i ;l
!i I

is
xI
6 i
!:
(i
L 3r lt
sE II
*.t Ia
I

ti;,t,
{-il zn .t I
i2 I
sq - IE a

qa iz .l
'tc'.I 9I
l!r l: l'- i
tSO136 :l .i, i
,Na
V)

9i a
dl
3
:l
il

i---i----
EI
--.Ii --ii :
Et ti :
{,i I
L---J
P31- a/3
a
Process Plpins D€slgn

Elllot comPsny'
Figure 1-32. c,osg seaton, Type vR turdlne Courtesy of

l r'r

;!, jl li'- .-

t4:
g r'.--'

Turbino. Courtesy ol Elliott Company'


F
-.!re 1.33. vertical
Should the oPerating PumJ' l€t syslem. The.€ must be a trap before anY
where cond€nsate
rise which *ould form a pocket
l! I an rmDulse line opens the control valve' supply- would collect.
i:: sream io the turbine immediately withthistype
low
..a'r::siallation. steam traps are supplied at every
collect any lnlet BY'Pass
I}ri]lt in lhe inlet system to immedi:rtely
c.:riensate \!hich maY form' .
i I rr bolh manual and dutomatic starl_up' ca'int steam
All automatic start_up turbines need a l" globc
1.,.. 'f',r-fO be provided to keep the turbine bodv valve to b)'pass lhe control
valre Mdn!
Iter of condensate. These can be inltalled either
a(
warm"up b)_PdS
provided or operating companies insist on the
il. *'ing . to" poinL rI a connection is into the out_ even with manual start_uP.
,- oioine 'f the ccting drain5
'"" ",,Lt.L
7s4-/-d/3
sH.g
P,oc€ss Piping Oesign

General Specificalions

Manhum initialpr63ur. (psr8) . . . ... . 7@ 704 700 700 700


M.rimum initiEr t mpe6tu.. (.F). . .. . . 750 750 750 750 750
yarimum cxh.ust pr.siur.s (p6i8) .. .. . vrc.l25 250 375
sp..d r.ns! (rpm)... ... 800-7000 8CO-5760 ac05o00 I 800.7350 4oo.7350
lg 2? t3
Nlmb.rotstrs.s(impulseVpe)....... 1 t 1 ! 1
Numb€. ol.o$s ol rorating btades. . . . . . 2 2 2 2 2
(in.)..........
lnletsizes 2,3&4 2 3,4 &6 2,3,4 &6 2,3,4 &6 2,3,4&6
l.l.t lodtion (facing Sovemo.)........ .ight riSht rlght .ight ight
Lh.ust slzc (in.)........ 8 10 L2 8 a
Erhaust location (1. H. Siandard). . .. .. R. H. opt'o.al R. H. optaonal
Centedin€ heisht (in.). . . . t7 22 \7 17
Approrim.tc r..g. oicapacities (hp)- . . . ro 14oo to 25Oo to 3500 ro 3000 to 30OO
Approrim.tc shlppln8 welght (b.). - . .. . r275 2050 26oO 2300 2300
S.. Butr.rin H29ror ayRH.nd AyiHH d.r.it:
sr All.rin tt32 ror AYR d.r.it'

Approximate Dimensions
(in lnches)

45t/s t2Y2 t2,/" 161/, l4 7


5tt/, 12Yz 19% l7 at/z
5t t/a r2Y2 l6'rl 22 12
555h t2j/2 t6Y. \at/. t7 9
55./. t2t/2 l6t/. ra.t 't7 9
'ilill"?'lilil,lli'llll,TioYR.(''i' aYiH md aYRaH (' n'.n'|'o
din'|'o

, Figure 1.35 App.o>imat6 drmsnsions, othor YR turblnes. Couri€sy of Elliot Company.


NUI,{88 R
FUJOR PIIASE III LESSON 9
PIPIXG PI'T{PS AND TURBINES
TRAINIHG
pAG€ 1 of 6
rur{uALs DATE Rev. 1/80

SEOUENCE FOR RECEIVINC CERTIFIED DI}IE}ISIONAL OUILINE

1. Process engineer 6ends punp calculation sheet to the pump mechanical


engineer- This shouLd be done shortly after process flov diagrarns are
completed. This calculation sheet contains the operating conditions for
one particular 6ervj.ce. the process engi.neer may aLso request punp tlpe
if he has a preference.
2. llechalical engineer uormalLy determines pump tipe ba6ed on calculation
sheet information- He fiUs in the I'Pump specification Sheet-rr He will
only fill in information noted as "to be corpleted by purchaser."
3. ltechanical engineer then selects possible vendorE based on avaifable
catalog information.
4. l.techanical engineer fills i.u "pump 1i6t" (6ee attached sheet)- this
gives Piping very prelj.minary information thich can be used for plot
development or possi-ble p!..ulP 6tudy work- the puilp list refers to an
l,l-E-D- drawing nunber- This drawing (see attached 6heet) provides a
visual picture of proposed pump,

5. llechanical engineering then goes ortt "Reque6t for Quote" to several


vendors- Each vendor fj.11s in their portj"on of the Punp specification
sheet. They give Fluor a price, pump modeL, and size r,rhich they offer
for that particular service. The vendors send the specification sheets
and quote sheets to Fluor for consideration-

6. tlechanj.cal engineer $il1 seoal revised information to Piping if vendor's


recomme[dation significantly inpacts us- ltore accurate infonnation from
veardor I s catalog is noll available -

7. llechanical engineering places order to the selected venalor. Approximately


six to eight lreeks later Fluor recej.ves a C-D.o.
8. c-D-o. is "in-house," our Vendor Data Control croup eilI send ?iping
t,Ihen
and other di6ciplines a reference copy- c-D.O- is then routed for 6quad
check- Piping wonrt normally be included on the routing of the squad
check- However, ee {ifl squad check our reference copy and any questions
or problems ve have can be dj.scussed with the mechanical engineer- He
lhen can include our corunenta !,/ith his when he formal"ly squad checks the
c.D.o. Piping and other disciplines wiLl then receive a copy of 'Isquad
check conulents" which is traEsmitted back to vendor.

P3C-1-014
I )1 //t/r1)</4L/ /
F E5/At/€2
//-/r'/
SPECIFICATIOII SHEET

I CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

I )

I !a '^': E..D_
io
No.llorors rEa,D
rEoD
I llta
GIETA NO.

I
iurrrNrs
.a -,r #srrr exo rvrt
llrr,u
oaEialrNc coNolrloNs, E^ctl I lEffom^Nca
ut GPn d fi, Nor-urEo
sucr. rff$- tslc n^x.-r rED

Yr. rrrss- d rT, rsla-olfr.8 0, fr


tr3. d 7I, s.!-Ca- Ntsti^, n

CONIIIUCIION

CASE{loUxI' E cEMErtN! . O rool O arlcrtr EYlrr' {Ilto


;6sm, orxrrL ErrD, Trr. volurl osar EDr Elorrlus.r

.oNNrcr, trvrNt tror lx Bc G!


urrElrEr Dl^.t or ED--- Elnrr. -
nouxr: olrflvrEx.ros ooYtrriuNa
l.^ Ncs.llrE: Dr Dr^r El rHrusr tu{rr c $/rrr craito-
Lr.r!E. tr flNG o[ D rtooD Oort ,{lsr tr.trNoEr tr rrls$rt
cou.lrxc, trnrr _='=- Er^ooat
oxv& $^tF r rD .Y, o rfit ,'rfr o Drlwr ntr o rurct sEr
racrlNc, trr fr r nrr
,*.cH- sE^L El^4'r .
'.ODrr

suirrlxrlNcr aroo.o-
mr !l*r rlru*;lD or".. o.o'J4
o rac(Nc coolrN(i lNrEcrox rro'a trior tc?N ot5lc
sH^rr, ElorEH El ErctosEo

osa^L llrrslt ,l'E trax+oc.s. oss..otutll{o o


o urtrxer sar, frustr fr,urD--=-ii flcar-

votrvPHlsvcYcrEs

-
I.n rlsE, a- loaftD lotor lr ts
avB! o vss HTR.|TE|4 NO. orcr-
r TUlilNE-
oft[rwlsl erpuceir.r ro, rroroi rso turcH^sEo
+ uNtEss NorEo
^Jrultro
* /,t7rcrE/AA// //e145
7o aEs/c,t./1=F
FL].-OR
!:: a c aATlaN 5cEEI
GENERAT PURPOSE STEAM TURBINE

NorE: o lN.'cAi.s :eY x^NF^fiuREi


.-

..14 oR,vE N Ear'rE':


NORI{AL STEA,M CONOITIONS

Lo oPEN I o. cLos.u

ttErn coN DtrLoNs

PERAT!FE
UNoRM^LExHAusrT

t] POTENTIAL MAX. HP

n r nrP__-_]s r €RrflcAL
oEs,cx rNLEr-Psr6-"F E1I
trl casr NG

**rno *wes... O NoRr,tAL O RArEo o^ oB .".-i" -""e' O ".* O 'roRrz suPPoRa't.liL fTlr (?

ocu O ect as,NG sFlrr: O vERr O HoRrz [l No srAG*--


scr-srece, 6z tor fl3 Ro{ EREENTRY tlwHEEL or^-
rR,p v^LvE: O O O MEcr il HYoF
SEPARAT-E
C NINTERZAlION
a-\ oRrvEN eourP, aHRUST
'NTE6RAL
rnrEnsraGE aL^ND sEALs' O caRBoN C tAFYRTNa! (rst
,ERVICE' ..' CONfINUOUS O TNTERM'TI

ctAss- eEAnrNcs r,{o LUq€ SYSIEM


ccv. rYPE, O NEMA
D RAOIAL
E PLUS- 14

C HANo sFEEo ctsANcER (1o.) n PFEssuR€ LU€E a-) Fr c olLEo a :',rL HASER! s,srEM

florHER
C REMO-rE TRP S6NAL O coRRosox-REesrNr
BY
. EASEPL^T€ C SOLEPLATE
i.I EXT€NOEO FOR 6EAR L) FOF ORTVEN MA.HNE
fl H,GH+REss. clse-exl:lse
C) MooNr couP. HALF C rAPm sHAFr C srRA16nr (r 6.-d) Ll NozzLs
o LisuLArLoN a rAc<€r o *NTNEt I IsHA ET
aoilNEcrlons
AcE O PARrs 'coNNECr
slr F F

(l DTSASSEMBLY aFrER -lEsr


hYoFo, LEr Ll
c AUx. EourP.
r- cov RESPoNSE ro

"to"ra-sultesso.r
X /.t/PoPnA/f /7e/tr's
I fa *S,t€,t/?E

I SPECIFICATION SHEET
RECIPRt)CATING PUUPS

T
*o. -r4rex ro.
".oo.
t
r. v^.vr, r.,M;ra. oI'!r"...,PLul
1' Lra,ENo I rroDEl-.rro. .

I vrscos.6 P.r._ cPlssu


Fr,/lrN. 3 oEs.G PM;_Fr.^IN,
voL.EFF.-rlPsHR

I
uNtrs)
^cfLac
coRR/ERO6 CAUSED 9Y_
coNs! MPrtoN_ LB/BPll]R
coNsTiuc floN
LIQUID END

LINER FAST. EY (TOLLWR


PrsTor] ofi PLrrN6€R '
PISTON PACXING OR RI{GS

va Lv Es:__--___-_-___Jrrx6: o Eqi Ea LL; EV co. )

sE^ii nELo Ey: tilpEREo .rr: rHREAosi J


SIZE A NO.PER CORNER1 SUCT.
R: sucT. _ so,rN.

l3 ROO P^CKIIlG TYPE:

J^Ct(ErS: IYES)(NO) TUBRTCATTON REOUTFED lYEsr tNOt

LACGED 6Y XFR. IYES)INOI


PISION ROD: (ONE OR TWO PIECEI; PAC'(ING TYPEI

vALv€s, rlArN. rYPE: (o€E. PrsroN.


(oEe)lPrsroN)(ior^RY)1N(

ri BE^Rrxc LirB. -

DR'vEF-Ls.lcouPLrNc rPva.Fn^ME u{rrs, I r


CPLC.GUARD (YES)ItrO) STEA GOVEFNOR (YES)(NO)

PEFF EST (YES)(!O)i HYDROT€ST (YES)(NOli


saoP r{sPEcrroN tY€sltNol
nYoRorEsr PaEss,i Lraur
+.-="^".r
.n/72e7/!7 /77A'7
-,- ,243/c 1-/4-R
SPECIFICATION IHEET
sY-c8K.O_
ROTARY PUUPS

I _^Rn^ cE{EXT iHORTZ|GT

I CONDITIONS CE

I RTTED PIJMF RFM-lll^X..*-:

I coRR./EFos. c^usEo BY

tyPE-sPLrr
I
suPPoRr o{oRrz.llvERl.l
ROTOR OR CEAR OVEiflI]N6 IYESI (NO)

Rqr^troN tAcrxc PUMP cpLG. {cv/, tccwl

t iELTEF VALVES fiNT.l lEXT.l RECOl,lrr.PR€SS.SETTrflc- P

I FACE-

(BALLTSLEEVEIIOIL.CREAS€I(INT.EXTI TYPE
SEAL

*
G^SK.-

I coNN€crloxs
ru
^,-r-,"..i
rerroi.,n
"
i^.",r,ut,""t, .r".

-
I
I UOTOR SUPPLTED SY

I sTUFF.Eox (YeS)(NOt

I FEiFORTANCE CIJRVI
our iixt onr*rrc__ RO..rESr IYESIINO),
I, IIYDRO.TEST.PRE5S.-
WTTITESS iYES)(NOl

I +RErARr,,*-

I
I
I
CLIEN T Y*rs
LOCATION PI,UP DIME'ISION GUIDE
CONTRACf HC,- R"P LIST @
UN ]T
AR:A

,t-P--<LiBl t I a/. r^ Eno /ro? 4t nTce 1.oa

ovER^LL OrHErlsrons r- M,E.O. O!VG. 46-1150

- il to-M

T---1
HO

I PUMPSIZE /S L'5T60 BY OISCHARG€ NOZZLE SIZ€ ANA IMPELL€R


otAMEfER. tF R€CUtRED StZE rS NOT L'S;'ED, USE OAiA FOR NEXf
LARE ER SlZ€.
2.OIMENS/OeS SHOW,^,/ AR6 MAXTMUM FOA EACH StZ! L/SIEO, 8AS€0
ON EAUlprENr FROM zEGUL'AR D1lutESitC aR FARETGN SOURC€S'
3.THIS AATA IS FCR PRELII'IIIIARY USE,ONLY.
I- R€f€R fO PUMP LIST FCR NOZZLE ORI€NTATrcN, AIJXILIARY PIPING i,.
E-
NUMBER
'l'FLUoR PHASE III LES5ON 9
PIPING PUTPS AND TLRBINES
TRAINING
PAGE 1 of 1
tIaIUALS DATE Rev- 1/80

STE?S TO ACCOMPLTSH PU}IP EQUIPTEIIT STUDY

1- updale your flo\r diagram from |master."

2. Cohpare pump outline to flo\, diagra-"( and spec sheet to surface discrePancies
such as horizontal centrifugal sho'"'n on F.D. and spec sheet ca116 for in-Iine.
3. calculate elevations-
a- ilozzles-
b. Pump anchor.

out your flexjbiLj.ty bet\ieen pumps on 6cratch


v,lork Paper. This could
determine your pump spacing.

a. "Best guess" elevations to and from other equiPment-


b- Calcutate verticat grovth. From force nomograph detennine bend leg
required horizontally betseen pumps- Total vertical force on nozzle
aLso incfudes dead $eight- If lhis creates a Problem. a spring
, hanger $riII relieve dead veight-

c. DetermiDe if vertical Ieg is adequate to absorb one-half or one_quarter


(if you branch from the center in hot/cold situation) of tbe growth
of your horizontal Ieg betveen punps.
5- Nolg ptunp spacing is setbased on flexlbj.fity. verify this' spacing \'ri11
satisfy operation and maj.ntenance passagewaya -

6. study piping transposition and pj.ck pipeway bay that $orks out best lrith
suction source- If bay is empty of other at grade piPing, center your
predetermiDed pump spacing in thal bay.
'1 - Comnence actual study- You nust be accurate and draw to scale- However.
don't \rorry about drafting qualit)-, linework, or lettering- rrRough and
di-rty" but legible and complete.
8. If discharge line runs in pipel'ay, design routing so as not to restrict
pipeq,ay designer uhen he berths lines.

P3C-1-015A
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sEI$
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a\J g =i€t zl
(:r r{r l
a 'NllN >l
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r.,
(rl I

tt __-t----
?a
\ =l
q
t, a
b a
v) o =
t a
q
\
a
?
F
=
q
>t
F <l
\0

l*--{r:ir- ? ql il
N.zll1rtn=* $
fl
TJ
u
\-t : $l
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< 4ia =E
t o
a\
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{ :lol
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r,i to
l-:( bl
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l!
:(l11
q rlr :E .O;O :
r.J
l{ z d .Jl
I

a ? =
R q <l
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ot lrt i
d \JQ o e a.
IN 3 Ql\
<e1
a
o
t{a
as.
t 310N 315
a
t".l I

ff\pq I =
.\ .....1
R
{
ii$e
>a( F-
l--
iq
*J r- : : ,___T.-
o
i>
Y'..."\RS i.l-
$ a*ad\
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k\ $-'
-(}

$\ $;il;
sb t, < - l'u! >-l A(
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P I -:r \

s:i;i \
a "r=
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'l'ruuon PHASE lII LESSON 8
PIPING !TRTICAL VESSEIS PAGE 1 of I
TRAINING
MANUALS
DATE Rev- 1/80

STEPS TO ACCO}IPLISH VERIICAI VESSEL ORIENTATION

1. Update your flo!, diagran from master.r'

2. Conpare vessel outline to fLo"r diagram'


a. Vessel I.D.
b. Tangent-to-tangent dihension.
c. I.linjmurn skj.rt height.
d. Nunber of Passes.

e. N.L.L.

_ f. size, rating, and quantiiy of nozzles'


3- Calculate elevations.
a. Bottom tangent line based on minimun height on flo\,t diagran'
b- Process nozzles based on vessel outllne-

c- verify or set insinuient nozzles based on flot, diagram and instrument


standard dral,j.ng-
4. Determine vhich items require platforms or ladder access'

a. Establish elevation ranges for platforns that nust be'


b. Draw a rough freehand elevation of vessel indicating platforms that
are definilelY required.
c. Nov add laalders and any aalditionaf platforms that may be required
just
to get uP the vessef. Do this a couple of different uays until You
havi min_i-'nized the quantitY of platfoms and/or Ladders'
I 5. study Piping transPosition-
6. Draw several oullines of vessel to scale on scratch paPer'
I ?. on these outlines do rouoh sketches of piping, nozzle orientations' ladder
and platform arrangemen! Eo6llne ana ihingi sketches for optimun design
and Piping fogic- oo will always be due north'
g.
-' coMence actual sludY. You must be accurate and drau to scale' However'
;;;ia worry about dr;fting quality, linesork, or Letteriog' "Rough and
dirty," but l-eg1ble and comPlete.

L P3C-1-001A
T
T ' 'i li.',,t x a

HORIZONTAL VESSEL .

"'"'"6dSi6ruEn'
-.!.;,I::l -'." t.:t .',.

n EsPorvst etllrY
'
" 1. vESSEt-rloimtoru
, A. COORDINATES
2. ORIENTATION OF
A. PIPING EOUIPMENT CONNECTIONS

B. INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS
C. MANHOLE & VENT
'D. PLATFORM HEIGHTT&rSIZE ',, il l

E. LADDER & CAGE


F. ANCHORED SUPPORT - ONE END
G. ROUTING & SUPPORT OF PIPING TO
AND FROM EOUIPMENT NOZZLES
PHASE 3#7-2 4-7A
:
LS'

A. INLET
L. LEVEL INSTRUITENT

tT. MANHOLE
B. OUTLET -a

c. CONOEI{SATE ' ,!1.


i-r..
REBOILER C0i':NECTION

D. BRAIN OR DRAIY-0ff P. PRESSURE CBNNECTION

E. R. REFLUX

S. STEAI'I 0R SAIiIPLE
F. FEED
- comnrcnoil
G. LEVEL GA GE OR 6AGE GLASS T. THERMO CONNECTION
-l

H. HANDHOLE ,. PUMF OUT Y. VAPOR ()R VENT

W. REIIIF VALVE
K.
- connrcttoll

-Syutgots "8" ANo


.'K'' ARE USED SOIiIETIMES FOR SPECIAL
NOZZLES. pgAs€ fr. #VA e€( 4-zg
s7-4-5o81 to-73'
9-

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IESSE! ENGINEE:RING DESIGN GU,IDE 2-4.1.9

:, ;- j.l
.-l
,
1,,

qt 1

i r.-
' t;'

2#29 4-7A

22
9:9

::
F

n
E

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\ .,-!(
1

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I 'H.x
X KIG
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i l $$
Ei $'$ $iu

l' {.
lswst$t,ii
^t
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U\rl\'
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ru9\
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tiEi[si*ti,
srsrHilfr$I
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,,'-r\
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., \-
BP ;::;Jtsx'
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r.,iSS \ ..\r\J
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gxiuu rEr:Fi
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14

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a-
8
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t).in

VESSEI, ORIENTAT]ON ".:

A. OBJEC?IVE

The objective of this 6es6ion is to help you becdtre nore.failj-ILar rrith


the Fluor approach to vegsel orientation, baseal ou Fluor
Drarrings.
1 Thelmaterial and. instruction -you ret-dii'i -'ffo[ this lddi;i6;,. iliolila"enable
you to:

. ,1: rj xho!, .ho!i ,te . aSsirilate.:t}te. inforuttioD to start .a -vesbel ,iiriintation


:,
2. ?roperly piepare\orientdtirin "iturlies of both vertii:al dnal horizontaL
vessels. : :.'' '

B. TBAY TYPES

BIIBBI,E;CAP TRAY
I

ADV}NTAGES ,
DISADVAI{TAGES

1- Very efficient 1. Expensive

l{eednot be installed Leve} 2.:


" )r: r'xr f,j' _,i-
3- Corrosion not .a factor Cast iron caps occasionally
break
.-:.1}1,]^
. :_.: r:1, 4. ounting bolts rust
VAIVE TRAY

1. l,Iost efficient of al1 tlpes 1- None

2- IDeapen6ive and Iighhreight


3. Need not be in6tal1ed ]evel
4. Corrosion not a factor
SIEVEJ TRAY

1. Inexpensive I. l,lust be instafled level


2- Lightweight 2. corrosion a factor
3- cood for heavl' liquids

I P38-1-013
l'.'

NUMEER
, PHASE, III
,j,Hofr?6ffi,ffi6sELs
iirl i MAlqlLs

c. REI{OVABLE TRAYS

vessels ln heavy (dirty) . service or vith a high corro6ion rate :of,ten have
tray6 that are built in sectLons- Ihese tray6 caE be dismaltled aDil
irejlovejFlhtgg[jh.tl]e 4v.es6e1 [6trho].es for lleaDing, repairing or- replacing.
i.t;.,r.i;ir,- lr,rr, '' r.a
D. FIXED TRAYS (Nonremovabl-e )

:.1,-. .,Vesse16 problem usually


have fl can be steamed.but in place.
E.
E JRIEF.PROCESS DESCRIfIIOT{ OF- A JTPICaL DISTILLATI0}I
.OR
'FRACIIONATIoN COLU}rN

Heat for.vapor.lzation i6 6r.rpplied by heating the crude feeal 6tock ilr a


furnace.l*$ilprehgated crude (f,eed) is charged ilto the'bottoD of the
fractionatloD colunn onto the feed tray at it6 boiltng poi-nt,.at a pres6ure
sughtly above atmo6pheric- This is called the I'f1ash zone.I In the
fLash zolre, the feeal separates into liquial and vapors. the vaPors rise
up under the bubble-caps and bubble out through the reflux liquld on each
tray- The vapors rise through the col.uilrl contacting the doi|trflowing
reflux strean at each tray; as a result the tightest material"s concen-
trate at th€..top of the colunn (overhead vaPor). The vapor out the top
of the colt n'i6 condeDsed into liquid by the o-H- conden6ar. The liquid
is then acctrmulated ilr the o.H- reflux accunulator-. Part of the liquid
is retumed to the column'6 top tray as reflux- The reflux flow6 across
each trgy.ro-nititq:xray dowa. the cofulul by say of dosncoBers and btrbble_caps-
rhe poiii6ii 6i ule ioLrann bet$een the overhead and the feed i6 called ttte
t'rectifying lection-'r Thi6 is $here the cou.ntercurrettt flolt of reflura
and vapor reach an. equili.brium- This means the liquid head on each traY
i6 just enouqh to allow the vapor to rise through the liquid aod the
. vapor .ve1ocity,.:isr,:iust fast enough to allolt sone of the liquid to droP
through the same opening ilr the tray. The heavier materials concentrate
at the bottom of the column (bottoms ) and the intermediate materials
in-bet\reen- De6ired "6ide cut" products are \rj.thdralrn at aPpropriate
1eve1s (drar,-off6). The portion of the column betreen the feed and the
botton tray is calLed the "Etrippihq section.t' This is \,rhere additional
light haterial-. are relea6ed a6 vapor (6tripped) from the beavier liquid
portion of the feed by the addition of stripping stean ioto the Isurge
section'! of the column- The portion of the feed that reaches the bottom
of the vessel is the residue or bottoms liquid.
fhe top tray must be continuously fed lrith coollDg reflux liqui.d or the
trays vould soon become dry- Reflux must be increased as side cuts are
dlra\am off at several 1eve1s- Thd inateriaL on each tray is at its boiling
point and the dollnflowing material is constantly changinq composition as
it picks up heat from the rising vapors. The vapor is always hotter than
.the liquid on the tray from shich it is rising. The vapors are coDstantly
being cooled by the cooler reflux on each tray. The vapor on the top
tray is condensed into liquid. The fiquid that is not returned to the
colum[ as ref].ux is one finaL product-
P!B;!--P13
r . ''yn ri.i
I
I 'l'rr-uoe I
nrrrxc' .l;1j
*,',l,,,,
TR^rilrNG L"|' ;i'" 3,, r ,
r" ." rUXUlt-S '| ; DATE -J. Revl LI

I r- to the
]oesroir
I l.-r:_-1.,.'1
I r r,:_ i, r;.soIIPaE ,

1.

2-

4.
5. vessel

6- or Drun Height

7- Process Nozzle Elevations

NonBal liquid Levef and other


,
:. ^|::.

Instrument NozzIe Elevations

10- Custolner Requirements - custoher via ?roject l{alager,


Desiqn coordinator aod
Pipiug Desiqm supervisor*
G. I'IANHOI,XS

Ilanholes are generally 18" nominal size except for columns with removable
trays, in uhiih a savings may be realized by iltcieasing the size of the
manloIe to permit ].arge tray sectioD6 to be removed. In those cases
generalLy only one laiger rnanhole i5 Provided, preferably belolt the
bottom tray.
H. TADDERS }ND PIATFORIIS

1- Platforms on horizontal vessels anal top platforms (above head) on


vertical vessels should be square or rectangular.

I P3B-1-013
@

' .- The
valves anal equlPnent. anal for c!'ossovdrs biti6iit lidildis.-" si
rhe 6ize
t1,""" pf"if"i1trs.shoultl be kept to a minimre- .The viaU.r (z':s"
"t
io.iioo"1si-a."a) is usually onty e@ughtqir;eroit oPening of t}re
oi" or to provl<le a-niai.ntrm of-18"incba;6 clearance betveen
""ot
r,.ndiiir .na pipi"g such as level controller, gage glasslrevel
"o.r".
saflty.:rilves - PlatforniDg need
slritch or safety-valves.
s{itch qee.+ not eatentl
extend underneath
valves and equiphent to Dake then accessible.
-,1
, ...3. proj;ction of.rio'lzLes erteudin{' t
exteuding thi6ughtirtoi pletforus
plqtforus mirst be such
are abovt the.Diitfoi:m lever.
. -l!:.J1.i'4,".: .j l .
"
not be iupDo:'tedl from platforns unless abso-
' ila;it";;;;;";.y.-:,,rf it is fo-und necessary to 6uPport piping
i.o. i pl"tforrn, t'otify tfr" vessel GrouP. The vessel Designer
..qay-have to "be;f--trl,:' ahe platform st{rport-'brackets rto rtake the
added 1oad.

I. HORIZOTIIAI VESSEL ORIENTATION

,cenerally, vessel anal nozzle orientation should be as follows:


1.
- rnlet should be at the opposite end of vessel f'om tlle liquid and
outlets to prevent' i'short circuiting" of the floi''' They
".po.
shouLd also be maximurn distance aPart-

2. boot should Ue a1 tUe opposiie; eaa of vessel


Leeel .instr\reetrts anal
from inlet. There is les6 liquid turbulence at the outlet end'
They should also be maximum distance apart.

3.
' for the horizontal grouth due to ther&al eq>ansion, oneto
To alLov
irrpport of the vess;l is anciored anil the other end i6 allo!'ed
qr'oi, ly of a slide Plate and glotted holes at the opPo6ite
".y
Juppo.ll e'av.ntage should be taken of this vessel growth by making
-For
it'vork for you- exaEple, by anchoring the vessel at the support
,,.ur""t thu iipevay and tetting ihe vessel gros al'ray from-the Pipe\day'
the grovth oi'tt" ves".t i{i}l cance} out the grosth of a lioe from
the tipeway to the rmanchored end of the vessel.
4. The inlet is normally located on the end of the vessel a!'ay from the
pipeway. This arraugement then locates the Ievel instruments next
. to- the- operating aisie for good accessiSility Per s?-5'1'1'
5- The setting of the suPPort Iegs on a horizontal_ vessel is normally
done by the computer tut sometires we stutly and orient -vessels
beiore'thi.s information is available to Piplng' A good "rule of
thutnb[ to follow is:

?3B-1-013
';,.

1. r. .l'
or che -ca11y changing

6toring Iiquids and


gaae6
& !!€ vertical
the horizontal

t.L.2

uithout internal
fractionation
l€ 6ervice
the frac-

catalyst (from a
the catalYBt for

1.1- 3

Flat B.ottom oDentoD: For storage of non-volatile productg'


Flat Bottoo conical top3 for stoilge of loir volatility Pro'tuct-
Flat Roof: For storage of volatile liquid6 '
Bottom Floatinq

Gas tlolders: These have flat bottoms an'l roof6


or dones shich rise
anE-EaII ulth the quautitY of ga6 6tored'

1.I.4 SOUE TSPES OF STORAGE VESSELS


a series of fegs
!P!9{9C, a spherical. shaped ves6elpresiurizea-bygases? or liquid and
6rPPorted
around the "qo""ot, "'oi"f"o"tiias
gas -

?38-1-013
,:','{;ii".riirjl+i. :'i

''l/FiJoR vessel rxeixrentxc oEslcN GUIDE


I VESSEL,}IOUEIICLATI'RE
. {r
DESIGN .i,t. r :: .ijj.,;r
driors
:;::;;:-;--,ri***..--:a - ."

!P!g!!: shape resenbleE a alroP of nercury resting on a flat surface,


anal has special t!,pe glpports. ilseat to contaih pres6urized liquids '

BuUet: A largr rroitzontai veasgl' c6ntiini.ng,p.ieaiurlzetl{ases, or


Uquid and gas .
. ..-. 1,.1. :r:

1.1.5 VESSEL AND IANK PArrS. . . ,i :. I , ,.

,,The,:cyrilalrlcal.pgrtion 9f a.yq96e1

,' Heroispharical Head: Bpher:.


I conicaL Head3 .Heaal foracd
c/.-
]L ToricooicaL .Ileail: in the 6bape-of, a cone aEd having a
Heatl forEed
ffiAG-ra6;-?angent to tlr. cotre. rnal thelI.
L - n.t u";a r;i i#;i iliit;ii "i'iii4piiid ii"ri.a o"
a shell-
skj-rt: Cyliniter BlJlilar to 6hcu, ihtch ls used for BrPPdrtlDg vertical
vessels-
.F
skirt Vent6: SDall circuf.r hole5 ln tbe skirt to preveDt collection
of alangerou6 gases rithfu thc 6klrt.

rL
skirt Access openinq: Circular hole6 in the skirt to allos rorkman to
;i."n;@;t etc. tn6l& of. slirt-
'/ Base Plate: Flat plate relded to the botton of ve6seL Eupports and
b"JCq on the foundation-
anchor' BoIt chairs: . GuBBets .nat p1ate6 selded to ba6e plate and ekirt
t.EilA;-Ei a".h.r bolt attaciuent-
lnchor Bolts: Bolts i-mbeatttetl in concrete foundation and boLted to
il;;r;E6r bolt chairs -
sadalLes: steel supports for itorizontal vessels,

I P3B-1-013
i,t, .i :l:
i
.,1 iEssElj ENGTNEERING DESIGN GUIDE NUIIBER 2-1,1
'l'Fi-rffi-' VESSEL IOI.IENCI.ATT'RE PAGE 4
DESIGN -J olTE ._5-?6
citidEs $ "{
r

irsiile of fractionatioD
Used to prevent vsPor

A Derforatea tray whLch Provlde8 equal dlstrilutlon


,ressel are", Bl-sere o! thc tray extend above the

Iiquid
traY
of, the
v.ssel.'

to fgrD
cavLtatLon in the

,a rtLre he6b pad helal Ln placc bettree! tito light


@i<ts - rtre oiet elisLaator iliiengages liquids
contaiue'l irr the vapor'

srDDort icrli!:]r Gratirig or 66e othcr t!'Pc of sqrport $hlcb


vapor or
IIfi iE-carlpisr:through- U6ed to 6ubp;;t to('er packi-ng such a6 catalyst,
ra8chig rings, €tc.
skirt Pircproofhq: BrLch or concr'te aPPIicdofiJi'Ide' artd outside of
;Ef.a 6Ee""rE-a"rage to 6kirt in the event a f ire '
' '' 1?tatfort6: -.!!'.tfottt bolteat to. 'nd sirpPorted by cl'ips o! the outalde
rcricf
:fffifr;"et]'-c.a.Lirv bcltid justLeloi' a oanholc. aid
n'r't f,requ'at 't
scrv''ce '
;1r;; i;tiU.t'rai".e oi conacctiong a'ttch

Lealtler6 and - -'ita ladders with


caqes: ItLurg-ttDe cagc6 bu1lt of structural
shap.s to Pravent a Dan ar t"ltias tlbeD cuDbirrg t}e la'liler ' These
fott"a to anat supported by clip- on the out6jde of the vessel'
"..
Ir6eal fo! aecesE uP arA alown to tJle Platforlns'
column Davitr a hoi-stiDg &vice attached by heans of a socket
to the
iffiifitii..,i.I;;-;il; -
used eor haniliaq relLer valves' bubble
trays, bubble caPs, etc-
1.1.6 ASI'E BOII.ER }ND PRESSI'RE VESSEL CODE

Standard rules for the construction of, boilers and pressure vc66e1s
loaterial
divtated into sections shich establL6heE desigEr forDulas'
Eelection,allosablestressvalueE,rnetho'IsofcoDstructio['itrsPec-
iioo ulra norra."t."ctive examj.nation procedures for preasure contaliment
vessel-

P3B-1-013
'{c1:r.,1i..1 I j .

supDo;t Leqs: LcgE Bade of plpe. or structural EbaPes,.used to slqrPort


vertlcal .vesEel6.
bol-tirlg

used

E Itarlhole Hlnoea or Davlt6: Itlnqe6 or davit8 attached .lo-.tlaDhoie


i.nd cover platc which alLoss cover plate to be dtl.urld-dsldc
'fron
ffar,g.
t-he
rianhole opeEilg.

rnsuletioD Rinqs. , Ri.ngs nade of flat bar or angte, .attached aroutrd


EF;iiEilc-ifiroferenEe)
'apart; of verticar vessels and siiaccd-aPProaiuatery
l2-; -[-!7t' uee<t io et4port-the eelqht of the veeaef iD6uletloa'
vacuum Stiff.ner Rilqs! t{irgs Dade of flat bar or plate, or structural
circunference of ttt€ vessel. rhe6e rlngs are
"h-;E;;Ii;a=;ffi-the
insialled on ves6els operatlng untler e8ternal Pressure i! order to
prevent collapse of thl vesseL. vacute stLffener rings are also
uti.Liz.d a6 LDEulation 6ulrPort ringE.
FractioBatinq Travs: Circular flat plates bolted to the 6heII ihside
;f-i.."i$ftio-[EluDns - useal to obtain vapor liquid contact lrhich
results in fractlonation-
Dortacorler6: Rectanqularflat plate6 bolted to 5hel1 and trays, inside
6?-?ilfif6.,ation coiunns- used for directing process liquld and to
prevent blPassing of vaPor.

P38-t-013
NUMEER
'l'puuon P}IASE III LE55ON
.,tlflIqil,.r HoRrzmEGSsELs piee 5of5
,Tf,AlNlNG,1, IIA}IDOUT
I,IANUAI.s OATE Rev. 1/80

'rD! = Vessel diameter, "L" = vessel lenqth tan- to tan.,


rrs( = Distance from tan- to centerline of support Ieg
Normal shefl thickness vessel6
s=L/s
Thin shel1 thiclxless vessels
s = Dl4 Note: In this case the vessel
head acts as a sti.ffelrer
to the shell
6. Vent is located at the opposite end of the vessel from the steam out
and a maximum tlistance a$aY-
J. SKTBT TCIGITI AND HEIGIIT OF TIORIZOMAL VESSELS

Skirt height and height of horizontal vessels are sho'rn ou the flo!,
diagrah- The Process Englneer determines irhat the skirt height rill be
by the N-P-S-H- (Net Positive suction Head) - This is the liquid head
required to keep t}1e punp suction pri,iled- Ptutp suction lines fron the
vessel bottoms shall have a 8.0.?- minimun of 8'-0" above H-P-F-S- If
this requirement is not met, there are three aLternatives:
l. The vessel or skirt height can be increased to meet the 8'-0u head
rooro requirement-

2- vith a lot suction line.


Block the operating ai6le
3. Take the pump out of the punp roe and locate it near t}le base of the
vessel out of the operating aisle.
Do Dot pocket pwlp 6uction Lines- The vessel or skirt height may have to
be increased to elimjrate a pocket condition-
K. RTACTORS AND AIVANCED DESIGN VESSELS

tleaq, \ra1l, vessels sith heni-spherical heads are a speciaf design challenge.
Careful consideration should be given to 1adder6, platforns, pipe supPorts,
etc. No velding to the shell- welding to the heads and skirt only.

P3B-1-013
'1. ruuon PIIASE ]II
NIJMB E R

PIPING
Lrssot 7
HORIZOMAL VBSSEI,S
TRAINING HANDOOT
PAGE 1
I.IANUALS DATE Rev. t/

VESSEL ORIENTATION

A. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this session is to help you become rnore famlliar sith
the Fluor approach to vessel orientation, based or! Fluor Standard
Drawings.

The haterial anal instruction you receive from thj.s session shoulal enable
you to:
1. K!!oq hos to assimilate the information to start a vessel orientation
study.
2- lroperly prepare orientati.on studies of both vertical and horizontaL
vessels.
B. TRAY TYPES

BIEBLE.CAP TRAY

ADVANIAGES DI SADVANIAGES

1- Very efflcient 1- Expensive

2. Need not be in6talled level 2- Heavl' and bulky

corrosi.on not a factor 3. cast iro[ caps occasionally


break

4- ltounting bolts rust


VA],VE TRAY

1. uost efficient of all tlpes 1- None

2- Ine>q)ensive and lightr,,eight

3- Need not be installed level


4. Corrosion nol a factor
SIEVE TRAY

1. Inexpensive 1. tlust be install-ed leve1


2- Lightweight 2. corrosion a factor
3. Good for healy liquids

P3B-1-013

--
NUMBE R
'l'FLUoR PHASE III LESSON 7
PIPING HORIZONTAI" VESSELS
IRAINING HANDOT}T
PAGE 3
IIANUALS DATE Rev. 7/

F. INFORI.IATION REQUIRED TO START IESSEL ORIENTATION *Prirary source to the


Designer

INFORI'IATION SOURCE

1. FLov Dlagrafis - Piping Design super-visor


or Roller Board

2- Job Specifications, Drafting Room - Pj.ping Design supervisor


Instruction6 and standards anal Fluor Standards. Job Book*

3. ?relirinary Job Informatiotr - Project llanager, Desiqn


coordunator or Piping Design
supervisor*
Flovsheet Transpositioo - Piplnq Design Supewisor
vessel Drasing or vessel - vessel Design supervisor or
Quote Dralring Piping Design supervisor*
6- skirt Height or Druin Height - Floi,sheet*, Process Engineer or
vessel Dra',ring (vertical)
Process Nozzle Elevatiotls - vessel Dralring* or Process Engineer
Nomal Liquid Levef and other - Vessel Drat ing, Flow Diagram*
Iiquid Levels or Process Engineer

9. Instrlment Nozzle El,evations - vessel Dra\.ring, ?rocess or


Instrument Engineer, Instrument
standard Drarings*

10. Customer Requlrements - custoher via Project l'lanager,


Design coordinator and
Piping Design supervisor*
G. }IANHOLES

I{anholes are generafly 18rr nominal size except for columns \rith removable
trays, in whiih a savings may be realized by increasing the size of the
manhole to permit larqe tray sections to be removed- In those cases
generally only one larger manhole is provided, preferably beloH the
bottom tray.
H. I,ADDERS AND PLATFOR},IS

1- Platforms on horizontal vessels and top platforms (above head) on


vertical vessels should be square or rectangular.

P3B-1-013
VESSEL ENGINEERING D€SIGN GUIDE lluMBER 2-1-1
'l'ru.Pn PAGE 1 of 5
DESIGN DATE g-76
GUIDES

1.1.I GENERAI, VESSEL NO}IENCI,ATT'BE

Process Vessel: A contailrer for han'lling or cheDLcally changing


lIfrIE-li?@ses uithin a process Ey6ten'
Storaqe Vessel enq q!9leSglgE' A container for storjng
liquid6 and
A"*-F;ffi to ;-?;i1o"ijrgiEe process svsteo'

vertical vessel: A ves6el vhose longitudi_nal axiE is in the vertical


poBitlon-
tlorizontal Vessel: A ve6ae1 uho6e longitudiral axis ls la the horizontal
' position.
1.1.2 SOt{8 rr?Es of PRocEss vEssELs
FractionationcolulEl.Generalliaverticalve66elcontaillngtraYsor
''t txt!."ct_" frorn the process 6ystelr a certain
packing t hen in 6ervi(
requireal fraction Euch aa butane or Propane '
RefluxAccunulator:GenerallyahorizoEtalve66el'andt'ithoutiDterDaL
E" anal tranebltB back to a fractionation
"".tf,tri=--"*;i."-ioir""i"
:;i;; th" fraction which is Proce6sed by that colunm '
Reactor: a vertLcal vessel contaitd'tg catalyst' tdhich ih service
i-iii6g"" the nolecular structure, 'nd thcrefore chaDge6 ttre trac-
tions in a Proces6 sYste$'
Redenerato!: A vertical vessel coDtalning used catalyst (fromfor a
iiid)fri"r, itt-"".oi"" t"gt"ttttc6 (restoreg) the catalyst
re_use in the reactor-

1.1.3 SOI{E TYPES OF SMRAGE TANITS

Flat Botton Top: For storage of non_volatil'e productE'


oDen

Flat Botto$ cooic.l Top: For ltorag€ of lotr' volatility product-


Roof: For storage of volatile liqui&'
dones whlch rise
Cas Holders: These have flat bottoms and roof6 or
;A-?;TIti-t}r the guantity of gas 6torcd'
r-1,4 SOI.IE TYPES OF STORAGE IESSELS

sbheres: tr sDherical shaped ves6e1 supPorted by a series-of legs


#ffi=;.-.;;;;i, *r'ilt'"o"t'in" preiiurized qases' or liquid and
gas.

P3B-1-013

-
I
VESSEL ENGINEERI G DESIGII GUIDE 2-1-1
NU|{BER
'l'ruron VESSEL NO}'ENCLATI'88
PAGE 4
DESICN
cut0cs DAIE 5-76
I

Seal ?ans: FIat pLates bolted or lrelded to Lnside of fractionation


column 6hell belou dor,Dcomer of loeest tray- Used to Prcvent vapor
bypassing up through the alo$ncoDer.
Distrilutor Tray: a perforated tray which provideE equal alistri.butLon
;i-iIqnIa ov.r the vea6el area- RLeers on th. tray ettenal abov€ the
Itqqtd Lev.l to perEit lr!63age of vaporE rislng uprrard-
chi-onevTrav: A tray coqroscil of chimncy6 e8teldlng above th. Uquid
ledI;f the tray pemlttirg pa66age of the vaPor6 upra.d- the tray
collectd aual r.movea afl liquLl product from a al,ccLfic Portion of the
vessel-
I vortea Breaker: I alevice locateal ilsLde a ves3el at tbe outlet
E6 IEIlon ceuerally coasL6ting of plate. sctdctl together to fotn
the 6hape of a cro66. fhe vorte8 brelker preventa cavLtatLon jn the
Iiquid pa6sing th!'ouqh the outlet coEnactlon.

ui6t Elinlnator: I xire mesh pad hcld ln place betue.n two liqht
srla;:--fr;-E.t elLoLnator disengagea liqulats contalned in the vaPor-
support Grld: Grati.ng or sooe other tlPe of Blqrport -uhlch vaPor or
ITfrIE-5laas throuEh. u6ed to 6upport to er PactLng such as catalyst
ra6chig rings, etc.
Shirt Fir.prooflrrg: BrLck or concrete applLed hEide aDd outsL'le of
;II.t t.Eeve-"Ld"ra9€ to .kirt Ln the evEitt of a fLr.i.

P1atfo!'Es: Platforo6 boltcat to aad 4Pporteit by ctiPs ou the outsi-de


6?ltle ve-r""l. cenerally located Just belo, a oaDhole, aat! at rell.f
vrlves or othea valv.6 or connections l,lrlch nacal frequeDt 6ervLcc.
Ladiler5 apd Caqes: Rung_tlDe lqdders lrith cage6 bulLt of Etructural
;Eapcs to p;evcnt a D.n f,rom fallilg whe! cli-ubirtg the Ladder. These
are bolteal to and supported by cliPs on the outside of the vess61_
uaed for acce6E r{, and down to the Platforns.

Colunn Dry!!: A hoisting device attached by means of a socket to the


top of JiiZfionatioo col;mns - used for handling reli.ef valves. bubble
tral,s, bubble cap6, etc.
1.1.6 AS}IE BOILER AND PRTSSURE VESSEL CODE

standard rules for the construction of boilers and Pressure vessels


divlded into section6 $hich e6tabllshes design forDulas, material
selection, alLowable stress values, methods of construction, insPec_
tj,on anal nonilestructive exanination procedures for Pressure contaii'nent
vessef.

P3B-1-013
NUMBER
'l'rluoa PHASE III LEssoN 7
PIPING
TRAINING -----ffiotn
HORIZONTAL VBSSELS
PAGE 5 Of 5
TTANUALS oATE Rev- L/

rrD = vessel diameter, 'rl-r = vessel length tan. to tan.


,,S,,
= Distance from ta!- to centerline of support Ieg
Normal shelf thickness vessels
s=L/5
Thin shell thicknes6 vessels
s = Dl4 Note: In this case the vessel
head acts as a stiffener
to the shell
5. vent is located at the opposite end of the vessel from the steam out
and a lnaximlnn alistance a$ay.

I J. SKIRT }IEIC}l1 AND IIEIGHT OF HORIZONTAL VESSELS

skilt height and height of horizontal vessels are shown on the flos
diaoram. The Procesl Enqineer determine6 what the skirt height t'til} be
Uy itre N-p.s.tt. (Net Positive suction Head). This is the liquid head
requi.red to keep the Pump suction primed- PumP suction lineE fron the
vessel bottoms sfratl i'r"vl a B-o-P. ninimui of 8'-0" above H.P'F'S' If
this requi.rement is not met, there are three alteroatives:
1. The vessel or skirt height can be increased to meet the 8'-0' head
room requirement.

2. Block the operating aisle with a 1o!r suction 1ine.


3. Take the out of the pump rot, and locate
pump it near the base of the
vessel out of the operating aisle.

Do not pocket ptstP suction lines The ves6e1 or skirt height may have to
be increaseal to eliminate a pocket condition.
(. REACIORS AND ADVANCED DESIGN VESSE1S

Hea\rr- \raI1 vessels with hemispherical heads are a speclal design chal]enqe_
careiul consideration should be given to ladder6, platforms, Pipe supports,
etc. No \,,elding to the shell. !|elding to the heads and skirt only'

P3B-1-013
'l'rluon PHASE IIl
NUI.,IBER

PIPING
HORIZONTAI VESSEiS
Lgssox 7
TRAIXING
HANDOI'T PAGE 1 Of 1
flANUALS
DATE Rev. 1/

STEPS TO ACCOI{PLISH HORIZON]AL VESSEL STIJDY

1- Update your floi, diagram from rllaster,l


2- Compare vessel outlille to flow diagram -

a- Vessel I.D,
b- Tangent to tangent dilnension
c. N.L.L-
d. Size, rating and quantity of nozzles
Calculate elevations
a. centeru.ne of vessel based on mini-oum height on f1o!, aliaqram
b- Process nozzles based on vessel outtine -
c. verify or 6et instrument nozzles based on flolr diagram and instrunent
standard dra\ring
4- Determine vhat items require platform or Iaalder access
study piping transposition
6. Drav vessel outline to scale and get xerox copies
7- On these copies do rgug\ skeqches of piping and nozzle arranqements,
comDrne anal change sketches for optijnun design using piping iogic.

8. Pipj.ng logic considerations or priorities


a- F1olr diagran
b. Stress
c. Economics
d. Support and stability
Lines run at standard efevations per unit plot drawing
f. Looks
s- Operation, Daintenance and safety
h. Job standards
Your order of inportance will change in each situation. For instance
econonics vrould be more important than lgoks on a large a1loy line- '
-
on a smaLl carbon steel 1ine, looks nay be more irnporiant than economics-
9. Conunence actual study. you must be accurate and drav to scafe; houever,
donrt worry about draftihg qualiry, li.Ilework, or lettering. ,,Rough and
dirtyr' but legible and complete.

P3B-1-019
VESSE! ENGINEEIUNG GUIDE 2-4.1.2

EEUIPMB}A, VESSE.S, TA]J}iS ,urg5x sr-2-4ro6


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