NUTRACEUTICALS

VEGETA TO OVERCOME CONSTIPATION

Disusun oleh :
Komang Ari Pratiwi 128114089
Nonitha Viana Susilo 128114098
Adis Pranaya Yakin 128114103
Margareta Wulan Kurniasari 128114107
Siti Sisca Audya G. 128114151
Lucia Ida Ayu K. 128114169

FAKULTAS FARMASI
UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA
YOGYAKARTA
2014
 VEGETA TO OVERCOME CONSTIPATION

I. INTRODUCTION
Constipation
Most patients define constipation by one or more symptoms, like infrequent
stool (typically fever than three per week), a sense of incomplete bowel
evacuation, hard stool, and excessive time spent on the toilet or in unsuccessful
defecation (Sherry, 2012).
Constipation is a change in the frequency and consistency compared with
defecation patterns of the individual concerned, the frequency of defecation less
than three times a week and stool consistency harder than usual.
The causes of constipation are:
 Consumption of water and fiber are less
 Changes in diet such as when traveling
 Lack of exercise
 Business CHAPTER hold for instance for hemorrhoid pain.
 One to drugs such as laxatives or antacids
 Other diseases such as who have hypothyroidism, to colon cancer.
According to the World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) a few patients
(52%) define constipation as hard defecation, stool such as the pill or pills (44%),
inability to defecate when desired (34%), or rarely defecation (33%).
 Pathophysiology of constipation is initiated from the normal process of
defecation begins with stretching the rectal wall. The strain caused reflex
relaxation of the internal anal sphincter which will respond with the external anal
sphincter contraction. When the defecation process, and the external anal
sphincter muscle relaxation puborektalis hold such a way that the angle between
the anus and rectal canal is open, forming a straight path for feces to exit through
the anus. Then with straining, which increased abdominal pressure and
contraction of the rectum, the stool will push out through the anus. In the
squatting position, the angle between the anus and the rectum will be straight due
to maximum flexion of the thigh. This will facilitate the process of defecation and
does not require a strong straining force. In the sitting position, the angle between
the anus and the rectum become not straight enough to require a stronger force
straining. Due to the strong straining force is needed, over time can cause damage
to the area rektoanal which can cause constipation and hemorrhoids (Davey,
2006)

Nutraceutical
Usually, Nutraceutical was defined as “a food or part of food”, than
provides medical or health benefits including the prevention and treatment of
disease. They are frustrated with the expensive, high tech, disease treatment
approach prominent in modern disease, the consumer is seeking complementary
or alternative beneficial products and the red tape of meneged care makes
nutraceutical particularly appealing (Dureja, 2003).

Vegeta
Indication of Vegeta:
Vegeta and launched facilitate defecation. Substitute foods without the
calories, fat absorption, and suppress the production of cholesterol (IAI, 2014)

Composition of Vegeta Herbal:

• Extrac Senna folium 50 mg
• Rei radix Extractumsiccum 25 mg
• Extract Foeniculi Fructus 50 mg
• Liquirittiae Extractumsiccum 60 mg
• Plantagoovatasemini endosperm pulveratum 1.500 mg

Mechanism of Vegeta:
Vegeta herb works by softening the stool by absorbing water, making it easier
to pass the stool.

Benefits of Vegeta:
1. Smooth bowel movements that are already jammed
2. Helps rid the body of toxic substances
3. Make the activity becomes comfortable because defecate smoothly

II. PROBLEM
Constipation is a common problem, especially in Western countries. In the
United State, the prevalence of constipation is 2-27% with 2,5 million visits to
doctor and almost 100.000 hospitalizations per year (ISG, 2010).
A survey in people over 60 years of age in some cities of China showed
high incidence of constipation as high as 15-20%. Other report of randomized trial
in people age 18-70 years in Beijing demonstrated approximately 6,07% incidence
of constipation with male to female ratio of 1:4 (ISG, 2010).
In Indonesia, Data from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta between
1998-2005 showed that of 2.397 colonoscopy procedures, 216 (9%) of them were
performed for an indication of constipation and colorectal malignancy was found
in 7,95% cases (ISG, 2010).
 III. ANALYSIS PROBLEM
Constipation is common condition affecting children, adult, and elderly.
Constipation is frequently multifactorial and can result from systemic or
neurologic disorders or medications. Constipation can be classified in to 3 broad
categories : normal-transit constipation, slow-transit constipation, and disorders of
defecatory or rectal evacuation (Lembo, 2003).

a. Normal-Transit Constipation
Normal-transit constipation is the most common form of constipation that
clinicians see. In this group of patient, constipation is likely to be due to a
perceived difficulty with evacuation or the presence of hard stools. The patient
may experience bloating and abdominal pain or discomfort, and they may
exhibit increased psychosocial distress, some may have increased rectal
compliance, reduced rectal sensation or both (Lembo, 2003).

b. Slow-Transit Constipation
Slow-transit constipation occurs most commonly in young women who
have infrequent bowel movement (one a week or fewer). The condition often
starts at puberty. Associated symptoms are infrequent urge to defecate,
bloating, and abdominal pain or discomfort (Lembo, 2003).

c. Defecatory Disorders
Defecatory disorders are most commonly due to dysfunction of the pelvic
floor or anal sphincter. Prolonged avoidance of the pain associated with either
the passage of a large, hard stool or an anal fissure or hemorrhoid may result in
defecatory disorders (Lembo, 2003).
 IV. RESULT

How often do you have constipation in a

week ?
4%
7%
27%
once a week
once in 3 days
once a day
62%
twice a day

From the questionnaire we know that many students still have the
constipation. It can be seen from the chart above that 62 % of the respondents are
having constipation once in 3 days following by 27 % once in a day, then 7 %
once in a week and the last is twice a day with 4 %. The differences of the result
caused by many factors, such as :
a. Daily foods and beverages
Every kind of food has their own nutrition inside the food. Many people now
like to eat junk food because they are cheap, delicious, and easy to get.
Nowadays, there are a lot of instant beverages that is not healthy for our body
and will give impact to immunity system and cause many diseases, such as
constipation.
b. Daily life style
Nowadays people are very busy and have no time to do exercise. They prefer
to sleep than to move their body and do exercise. Whereas having exercise
can help to maintenance the health of the body. When you move your body
you make your part of your body (in this section: colon) become elastic and
you won’t get constipation.
 What do you feel while you are having
constipation ??

9%

21%
Flatulence
53% Stomachache, dizzy
Sweaty, restless
17%
No answer

From question number 2, the results are: 53% people who are having
constipation feel flatulence, 21 % people produce sweat more and restless, 17 %
people are having stomachache and dizzy, and 9 % do not feel anything. Based on
that answer we know that many people feel uncomfortable while they are having
constipation, so we should take care of our body so that many people will not
have constipation.

What do you do when you are having

constipation ?

34%
41%
Eat food that contains fiber
Drink water
Apply eucalyptus oil
23% Drink vegeta
2%
 From the question of what do you do when you are having constipation are
41 % of people will eat food that contains high fiber, 34% of people will drink
Vegeta, 23 % of people will drink water, and 2 % of people will apply eucalyptus
oil. Many people have known that when you are having constipation they should
eat food that contain high fiber because fiber will help to make your feces become
smoother. Vegeta is an instant product that can be drunk to help you adding the
fiber concentration in the body and this is the alternative way to be done for those
people who don’t like to eat food that contain a lot of fiber. By drinking water you
will add the water concentration in you feces and your feces will be easier to
remove from your body.

Which food do you prefer while you are

having constipation ????
1%
10%

18%
Papaya, orange
Spinach, brocoli
71% Peanuts
Nothing

For the question of which food do you prefer while you are having
constipation we can see that 71 % of people will prefer to eat papaya and orange
rather than others. Many people believe that papaya contains high fiber and
become the King of Fiber Fruit. If you ate papaya you won’t get any constipation.
Vegeta as the alternative fiber that can be drunk instantly contains high fiber to
make the volume of the feces become higher and produce smoother feces so the
feces will be easy to be pushed out.
 How often do you comsume vegeta ?

7% Never
12%
38%
Rare ( once a week )

Often ( twice a week )

43%

Very often ( more than 3

times a week )

From the question number 5, the result show that 43% the students rare
consume vegeta once a week. 38% the students never consume vegeta. 12% the
students often consume vegeta twice a week. And then 7% the student very often
consume vegeta more than 3 times a week. From the chart, most of the students
consume Vegeta for treating their constipation.

V. SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM

Vegeta is from plant that have some benefits for our body. Some of them
can help to maintenance the bowel movement and to remove the toxic substances
from the body and make the activity becomes comfortable because defecate
smoothly.
The solutions of constipation are:
 Consuming the food that contain high fiber, such as vegetables (spinach,
broccoli, nuts, lettuce, etc) and fruit (papaya, orange, apple, banana, mango,
etc)
 Doing exercise like jogging, swimming, cycling, etc

 Drinking a lot of water like 8 glasses of water each day

 No stress

 Having enough time to sleep

DAFTAR PUSTAKA :

Davey, 2006, At A Glance Medicine, Erlangga, Jakarta, p. 233.

Indonesian Pharmacist Association, 2014, Drug Information Spesialite Indonesia,
PT. ISFI Publishing, Jakarta, hal.652.