Aliran Counter-Curent Suhu 45°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala Flowrate T (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 45 45 44.5 44.3 44 44 43.9 43.8 43.5 43.5 44.14
19 32 Tci 36 37 36.6 37 37 37 37.5 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.1
Tho 43 42.5 42 42 42 41.5 41.5 41 41 40.9 41.74
Tco 35.6 36.8 36.8 37.1 37.1 38 38.5 38.9 39 39 37.68
Thi 44 44 44 43 43 43 43 42.5 42.1 42 43.06
20 36 Tci 33.2 33.8 34 34 34.1 34.1 34.9 34.9 34.9 34.9 34.28
Tho 42 41.5 41.5 41 41 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.1 40 40.86
Tco 35 35 35.2 35.2 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.8 35.37
Thi 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43
21 40 Tci 32 32.5 33 33.3 33.5 34 34 34.1 34.1 35 33.55
Tho 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.6 40.77
Tco 33.5 34 34.5 34.8 35 35.1 35.2 35.5 35.6 35.8 34.9

Aliran Counter-Curent Suhu 55°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala Flowrate T (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 53 52 52 51.5 51 51 51 51 51 51.5 51.5
19 23 Tci 34 35 36 36.3 37 38 39 39 39 39 37.23
Tho 49 49 48.8 48.5 48.3 48.2 48.1 48.7 48 48 48.46
Tco 35.5 36 37.1 38 38.5 39 39.8 40 40.3 40.5 38.47
Thi 53 52 51 51 50.9 50.9 50.5 50.2 50 50 50.95
20 37 Tci 34 35 35 35.4 35.1 35.2 35.2 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.14
Tho 49.5 49.3 49.1 49 49 48.7 48.2 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.72
Tco 35 35.2 35.5 35.7 36 36.2 36.2 37 37 37 36.08
Thi 53 53 52.5 52.2 52 52 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.5 52.07
21 40 Tci 33.9 34.6 35.2 35.8 36 36.5 36.5 37.5 38 39.2 36.32
Tho 53 53 52.9 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.2 52 52.56
Tco 34.1 34.8 36 36 37 38.5 39.5 41 42 42.2 38.11
 Thi = 45°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
19 0.533333 0.000533 986.141 0.0005199 4178.29 3.35 44.14
20 0.6 0.0006 986.085 0.0005191 4178.38 3.342 43.06
21 0.666667 0.000667 986.057 0.0005190 4178.42 3.34 43

Thi = 45°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
19 0.7 0.0007 993.01 0.000682 4174 4.53 37.1
20 0.7 0.0007 989.298 0.000577 4174 3.75 34.28
21 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 33.55

Thi = 55°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
19 0.4 0.000383 989.395 0.000580 4174 4.04 51.5
20 0.616667 0.000617 989.684 0.000589 4174 3.84 50.95
21 0.666667 0.000667 989.655 0.000588 4174 3.83 52.07

Thi = 55°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
19 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 37.23
20 0.7 0.0007 991.088 0.000630 4174 4.14 35.14
21 0.7 0.0007 991.391 0.000637 4174 4.2 36.32
Tho avg Qh Thi Skala Thi-Tco Tho-Tci LMTD
(C ) (J/min) 19 6.46 4.64 5.499903
41.74 5274.0903 45 20 7.69 6.58 7.120586
40.86 5438.714 21 8.1 7.22 7.651568
40.77 6125.305

Tco avg Qc
(C ) (J/min)
37.68 1682.7984
35.37 3150.6787
34.9 3908.938

Thi Skala Thi-Tco Tho-Tci LMTD

Tho avg Qh 19 13.03 11.23 12.10771
(C ) (J/min) 55 20 14.87 13.58 14.21525
48.46 4812.518 21 13.96 16.24 15.07127
48.72 5680.732
52.56 -1349.4

Tco avg Qc
(C ) (J/min)
38.47 3590.432
36.08 2722.015
38.11 5184.997
 DATA HE Thi Skala
Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min) 0.042 19
Panjang HE (m) 0.599 45°C 20
Jumlah tube 5 21
Inside Diameter (ID) (m) 0.021 Thi Skala
Outside Diameter (OD) (m) 0.022 19
Diameter Ekuivalen (m) 0.136 45°C 20
as (m2) 0.00122 21
at (m2) 0.0016 Thi Skala
Ao (m2) 0.206895 19
Ai (m2) 0.19749 45°C 20
21
Thi Skala
19
45°C 20
21

Thi Skala Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis

19 1921.150 2012.636 1966.893
55°C 20 1931.527 2023.508 1977.517
21 -432.755 -453.363 -443.059
Thi Skala Gt Gs
19 237.043 568.608
55°C 20 381.441 568.657
21 412.356 568.831
Thi Skala Ret Res
19 8582.575 123334.367
55°C 20 13599.754 122757.712
21 14727.009 121445.844
Thi Skala JHt JHs
19 23 212
55°C 20 30 215
21 40 217

Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)

19 0.6425 38.55 0.6343
45°C 20 0.6325 37.95 0.6362
21 0.6334 38.004 0.6368
Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)
19 0.6347 38.082 0.641
55°C 20 0.6356 38.136 0.6479
21 0.6358 38.148 0.6481
 Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis
4634.932 4855.651 4745.292
3867.545 3867.545 3867.545
19060.224 4053.519 11556.871
Gt Gs
328.714 569.760
369.782 567.630
410.857 568.608
Ret Res
13277.528 113617.797
14959.390 133791.473
16624.275 123334.367
JHt JHs
20 210
28 205
38 208

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.058 4 4.22 954.52039 1595.53607
38.172 4.1 4.36 1351.29781 1549.90837
38.208 4.05 4.28 1828.21604 1565.23276
 J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.46 3.83 4.2 1093.508508 1588.684713
38.874 3.84 4.14 1442.910002 1605.807761
38.886 4.04 4.12 1956.989829 1618.666693
 Perhitungan Koefisien berdasarkan tube

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
911.13310 579.95117 396.70973 488.33045 -0.0015135
1289.87519 703.99321 448.52865 576.26093 -0.0011619
1745.11531 825.14334 495.09734 660.12034 -0.0011254
 J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Prakits
1043.8035754 629.9267469 417.7588256 523.8427862 -0.00107907
1377.3231840 741.4077019 464.2776914 602.8426967 -0.00084310
1868.0357459 867.2168893 510.7360198 688.9764545 -0.00341015
 T (°C) Flowrate (m3/s) Nu teoritis Nu praktis Error
0.000283 36.158 31.602 14.417
45°C 0.000367 51.38 44.604 15.191
0.000450 69.276 60.290 14.905
0.000300 35.791 35.825 0.095
55°C 0.000383 46.725 46.768 0.092
0.000467 63.354 63.411 0.090

Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p

31.602 1.4997 0.6021 4.1231 9.99E-05 1.422621
44.604 1.6494 0.6128 4.1749 9.99E-05 1.422621
60.290 1.7802 0.6075 4.2207 9.99E-05 1.422621
Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p
35.825 1.5542 0.5832 3.9336 0.000362 1.078973
46.768 1.6700 0.5843 4.1335 0.000362 1.078973
63.411 1.8022 0.6064 4.1681 0.000362 1.078973
 q Nusselt Teoritis
0.203198 52.234
0.203198 101.049
0.203198 112.888
 q Nusselt Teoritis
1.49513 47.308
1.49513 78.042
1.49513 91.751
 Aliran Co-Curent Suhu 45°C
Waktu (menit)
Skala FlowrateT (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Rata-Rata
Thi 44.5 44.3 44 43 43 43 43 43 42.1 42 43.14
19 31 Tci 31 31 31.2 32 32 32.1 32 33 32.5 32.7 31.87
Tho 42 42 41.8 42 41.2 40.1 41 41 40.4 40.1 41.05
Tco 31.2 31.4 31.8 32 33.1 33.7 34 34 34 34.1 32.95
Thi 44.5 44 44 44 43.5 43.5 43 43 43 43 43.55
20 35 Tci 33.5 33.5 34 34 34 34 35 35 34.5 34.5 34.1
Tho 42.5 42.2 42.1 42 41.3 41.2 41 41 40.9 40.8 41.49
Tco 36.2 36.9 37 37 37.1 37.2 37 37 37.3 37.3 37.05
Thi 45 44.8 44.8 45 44.5 44.1 44 44 43.6 43.5 44.23
21 40 Tci 38.2 39 39 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 39.57
Tho 43.1 43.5 43.7 44 43.1 42.3 42 41 40 39.8 42.21
Tco 40 42 43.9 44 44.3 44.9 45 45 45.5 45.6 44.04

Aliran Co-Curent Suhu 55°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala FlowrateT (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 54.5 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53.35
19 30 Tci 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 35.9 35.9 35.97
Tho 51 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 49.8 49.5 50.43
Tco 40 40 40 40 40.3 40.6 41 41 41.1 41.3 40.55
Thi 53 52.5 52 52 51.8 51 51 51 51 50.8 51.61
20 36 Tci 35 35.1 36 36 36 36 36 36 36.5 36.5 35.93
Tho 50 49.2 49.2 49 48.3 47.8 47 46 45.9 45.1 47.76
Tco 39 39 40 40 40 40.5 41 41 41.9 42.3 40.5
Thi 55 54 53.5 53 52 52 52 52 52 52 52.75
21 41 Tci 35.2 35.5 35.9 36 36.1 36.1 36 36 36.1 36.1 35.92
Tho 54 53 52.9 51 50 48 47 46 45.9 45.5 49.38
Tco 36 36.2 37.1 38 38 38.5 39 39 39.6 40.5 38.16
 Thi = 45°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg Tho avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
19 0.516667 0.000517 989.655 0.000588 4174 3.83 43.14 41.05
20 0.583333 0.000583 989.684 0.000589 4174 3.84 43.55 41.49
21 0.666667 0.000667 989.395 0.000580 4174 4.04 44.23 42.21

Thi = 45°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg Tco avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
19 0.7 0.0007 991.391 0.000637 4174 4.2 31.87 32.95
20 0.7 0.0007 991.088 0.000630 4174 4.14 34.1 37.05
21 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 39.57 44.04

Thi = 55°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg Tho avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
19 0.5 0.0005 990.894 0.000624 4174 4.1 53.35 50.43
20 0.6 0.0006 990.851 0.000623 4174 4.09 51.61 47.76
21 0.683333 0.000683 990.829 0.000622 4174 4.08 52.75 49.38

Thi = 54°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg Tco avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
19 0.7 0.0007 993.010 0.000680 4174 4.53 35.97 40.55
20 0.7 0.0007 992.732 0.000675 4174 4.48 35.93 40.5
21 0.7 0.0007 992.688 0.000673 4174 4.46 35.92 38.16
 Qh
(J/min) Thi Skala Thi - Tci Tho - Tco LMTD
4460.597 19 11.27 8.1 9.597909 Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min)
4964.014 45°C 20 9.45 4.44 6.632596
5561.376 21 4.66 1.83 3.027711

Qc
(J/min)
3128.378
8542.495
12942.93

Thi Skala Thi - Tci Tho - Tco LMTD

Qh 19 17.38 9.88 13.27886
(J/min) 55°C 20 15.68 7.26 10.93498
6038.548 21 16.83 11.22 13.83596
9553.726
9523.874

Qc
(J/min)
13288.3
13255.58
6496.976
 DATA HE Thi Skala
Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min) 0.04 19
Panjang HE (m) 0.599 45°C 20
Jumlah tube 5 21
Inside Diameter (ID) (m) 0.021 Thi Skala
Outside Diameter (OD) (m) 0.022 19
Diameter Ekuivalen (m) 0.136 45°C 20
as (m2) 0.00122 21
at (m2) 0.0016 Thi Skala
Ao (m2) 0.206895 19
Ai (m2) 0.19749 45°C 20
21
Thi Skala
19
45°C 20
21

Thi Skala Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis

19 2197.974 2302.640 2250.307
55°C 20 4222.851 4423.939 4323.395
21 3327.018 3485.447 3406.233
Thi Skala Gt Gs
19 309.654 569.760
55°C 20 371.569 569.600
21 423.167 569.575
Thi Skala Ret Res
19 10421.061 113951.967
55°C 20 12524.802 114763.918
21 14286.974 115099.868
Thi Skala JHt JHs
19 28.5 197.5
55°C 20 39 223
21 43 220

Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)

19 0.6299 37.794 0.6361
46°C 20 0.6307 37.842 0.6362
21 0.6309 37.854 0.6363
Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)
19 0.6295 37.77 0.6483
54°C 20 0.6421 38.526 0.64837
21 0.6375 38.25 0.6484
 Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis
2246.297 2353.264 2299.780
3617.432 3789.690 3703.561
8878.072 9300.838 9089.455
Gt Gs
319.576 568.831
360.822 568.657
412.248 568.608
Ret Res
11413.432 121445.844
12864.632 122757.712
14926.218 123334.367
JHt JHs
22 197
29 198
41 200

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.166 4.1 4.53 1061.567 1502.143
38.172 4.09 4.48 1398.431 1506.159
38.178 4.08 4.46 1975.806 1519.610

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.898 3.35 4.53 1311.192 1504.999
38.9022 3.342 3.75 1793.042 1628.542
38.904 3.34 4.01 1976.644 1630.803
 Perhitungan Koefisien berdasarkan tube

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
1013.314 605.116 406.994 506.055 -0.001218
1334.866 707.674 450.975 579.325 -0.001143
1885.997 841.547 501.882 671.715 -0.001078

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

 hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
1251.593 683.324 439.303 561.314 -0.00102
1711.540 834.505 501.187 667.846 -0.00097
1886.797 874.743 513.903 694.323 -0.00085
 T (°C) Flowrate (m3/s) Nu teoritis Nu praktis Error
0.000317 35.691 35.046 1.840
45°C 0.000383 47.278 46.16 2.422
0.000500 67.193 65.208 3.044
0.000317 4.25E+01 4.2473E+01 0.064
55°C 0.000417 5.80E+01 58.075 0.129
0.000450 6.34E+01 64.018 0.965

Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p

35.046 1.545 0.613 4.057 1.28E+23 0.939394
46.160 1.664 0.612 4.109 1.28E+23 0.939394
65.208 1.814 0.611 4.174 1.28E+23 0.939394
Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p
42.473 1.628 0.525 4.018 7.70E-13 1.272727
58.075 1.764 0.524 4.098 7.70E-13 1.272727
64.018 1.806 0.524 4.155 7.70E-13 1.272727
 q Nusselt Teoritis
-41.0303 59.706
-41.0303 73.852
-41.0303 93.891
 q Nusselt Teoritis
1.67E+01 6.06E+01
1.67E+01 7.36E+01
1.67E+01 8.62E+01
4.1 Hub lajur alir vs U
T=45

Laju alir vs U
25000.000 5000.000

20000.000 4000.000

Ui Counter-current 3000.000
15000.000
Uo Counter-current
2000.000
U

U
Uo Co-current
10000.000
Ui Co-current
1000.000
5000.000
0.000
0.00035
0.000
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 -1000.000
Laju Alir

4.2 Laju Alir terhadap Uc dan Ud praktis

T=45

Laju Alir vs U
14000.00000 5000.0000000

12000.00000 4000.0000000
10000.00000
Uc Counter-current 3000.0000000
8000.00000
Ud Counter-current
2000.0000000
U

U
6000.00000 Uc Co-current
Ud Co-current
4000.00000 1000.0000000

2000.00000 0.0000000
0.00
0.00000
0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 -1000.0000000
Laju Alir

4.3Perbandingan Ud teoritis dan Ud praktis

T=45

Laju Alir vs U
14000.00000 5000.0000000
12000.00000
4000.0000000
10000.00000
Ud teori tis Counter-current 3000.0000000
8000.00000
Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
U

6000.00000 Ud teori tis Co-current 2000.0000000

U

Ud Pra ktis Co-current

4000.00000 1000.0000000
2000.00000
0.0000000
0.00000 0.00
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 -1000.0000000
 10000.00000
Ud teori tis Counter-current 3000.0000000
8000.00000
Ud Pra ktis Counter-current

U
6000.00000 Ud teori tis Co-current 2000.0000000

U
Ud Pra ktis Co-current
4000.00000 1000.0000000
2000.00000
0.0000000
0.00000 0.00
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 -1000.0000000
Laju Alir

4.4 Hubungan T thdp Nilai Ud praktis

T= 55

Laju Alir vs U
5000.000

4000.000

3000.000

2000.000
U

1000.000

0.000
0.00035 0.0004 0.00045 0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007
-1000.000
Laju Alir

T=55

Laju Alir vs U
5000.0000000

4000.0000000

3000.0000000 Uc Counter-current
Ud Counter-current
2000.0000000
U

Uc Co-current
Ud Co-current
1000.0000000

0.0000000
0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008
-1000.0000000
Laju Alir

T=55

Laju Alir vs U
5000.0000000

4000.0000000

3000.0000000 Ud teori tis Counter-current

Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
2000.0000000
U

Ud teori tis Co-current

Ud Pra ktis Co-current
1000.0000000

0.0000000
0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008
-1000.0000000
 3000.0000000 Ud teori tis Counter-current
Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
2000.0000000

U
Ud teori tis Co-current
Ud Pra ktis Co-current
1000.0000000

0.0000000
0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008
-1000.0000000
Laju Alir