Aliran Counter-Curent Suhu 46°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala Flowrate T (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 55 55 54 54 54 54 53 53 53 52 53.7
18 32 Tci 33 34 36 37 38 38 38 38 38 38 36.8
Tho 55 54 54 54 54 54 53 53 53 52 53.6
Tco 35 35 37 38 39 39 39 39 39 39 37.9
Thi 55 54 54 54 54 54 54 53 53 53 53.8
20 36 Tci 34 35 41 48 48 49 49 50 50 50 45.4
Tho 55 54 54 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53.7
Tco 48 48 48 49 50 50 50 50 50 50 49.3
Thi 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 47
22 40 Tci 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 44 41.7
Tho 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 46 43 46.8
Tco 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 46 43.1

Aliran Counter-Curent Suhu 54°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala Flowrate T (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 47
18 23 Tci 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 44 41.7
Tho 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 46 43 46.8
Tco 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 46 43.1
Thi 48 47 47 47 46 46 46 45 45 44 46.1
20 37 Tci 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 44 41.7
Tho 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 46 45 43 46
Tco 41 41 42 42 42 42 43 44 45 45 42.7
Thi 51 50 49 48 48 46 45 44 42 40 46.3
22 40 Tci 40 40 40 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 41.4
Tho 47 47 47 47 46 46 45 46 45 45 46.1
Tco 41 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 41.6
 Thi = 46°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
18 0.533333 0.000533 986.141 0.0005199 4178.29 3.35 53.7
20 0.6 0.0006 986.085 0.0005191 4178.38 3.342 53.8
22 0.666667 0.000667 986.057 0.0005190 4178.42 3.34 53.9

Thi = 46°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
18 0.7 0.0007 993.01 0.000682 4174 4.53 36.8
20 0.7 0.0007 989.298 0.000577 4174 3.75 45.4
22 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 41.7

Thi = 54°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
18 0.4 0.000383 989.395 0.000580 4174 4.04 47
20 0.616667 0.000617 989.684 0.000589 4174 3.84 46.1
22 0.666667 0.000667 989.655 0.000588 4174 3.83 46.3

Thi = 54°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C )
18 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 41.7
20 0.7 0.0007 991.088 0.000630 4174 4.14 41.7
22 0.7 0.0007 991.391 0.000637 4174 4.2 41.4
Tho avg Qh Thi Skala Thi-Tco Tho-Tci LMTD
(C ) (J/min) 18 15.8 16.8 16.29489
53.6 219.75376 46 20 4.5 8.3 6.207344
53.7 247.21427 22 10.8 12 11.38947
53.7 549.35471

Tco avg Qc
(C ) (J/min)
37.9 3191.5143
49.3 11273.07
43.1 4053.714

Thi Skala Thi-Tco Tho-Tci LMTD

Tho avg Qh 18 3.9 5.1 4.473206
(C ) (J/min) 54 20 3.4 4.3 3.832403
46.8 316.613 22 4.7 4.8 4.749825
46 254.7414
46.2 275.388

Tco avg Qc
(C ) (J/min)
43.1 4053.714
42.7 2895.761
41.6 579.3292
 DATA HE Thi Skala
Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min) 0.042 18
Panjang HE (m) 0.599 46°C 20
Jumlah tube 5 22
Inside Diameter (ID) (m) 0.021 Thi Skala
Outside Diameter (OD) (m) 0.022 18
Diameter Ekuivalen (m) 0.136 46°C 20
as (m2) 0.00122 22
at (m2) 0.0016 Thi Skala
Ao (m2) 0.206895 18
Ai (m2) 0.19749 46°C 20
22
Thi Skala
18
46°C 20
22

Thi Skala Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis

18 342.106 358.397 350.252
54°C 22 321.277 336.576 328.926
20 280.232 293.577 286.905
Thi Skala Gt Gs
18 237.043 568.608
54°C 20 381.441 568.657
22 412.356 568.831
Thi Skala Ret Res
18 8582.575 123334.367
54°C 20 13599.754 122757.712
22 14727.009 121445.844
Thi Skala JHt JHs
18 23 212
54°C 20 30 215
22 40 217

Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)

18 0.6425 38.55 0.6343
46°C 20 0.6325 37.95 0.6362
22 0.6334 38.004 0.6368
Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)
18 0.6347 38.082 0.641
54°C 20 0.6356 38.136 0.6479
22 0.6358 38.148 0.6481
 Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis
65.183 68.287 66.735
201.661 201.661 201.661
1148.419 244.233 696.326
Gt Gs
328.714 569.760
369.782 567.630
410.857 568.608
Ret Res
13277.528 113617.797
14959.390 133791.473
16624.275 123334.367
JHt JHs
20 210
28 205
38 208

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.058 4 4.22 954.52039 1595.53607
38.172 4.1 4.36 1351.29781 1549.90837
38.208 4.05 4.28 1828.21604 1565.23276
 J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.46 3.83 4.2 1093.508508 1588.684713
38.874 3.84 4.14 1442.910002 1605.807761
38.886 4.04 4.12 1956.989829 1618.666693
 Perhitungan Koefisien berdasarkan tube

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
911.13310 579.95117 396.70973 488.33045 0.0132603
1289.87519 703.99321 448.52865 576.26093 0.0035383
1745.11531 825.14334 495.09734 660.12034 0.0002242
 J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Prakits
1043.8035754 629.9267469 417.7588256 523.8427862 0.00126760
1377.3231840 741.4077019 464.2776914 602.8426967 0.00169141
1868.0357459 867.2168893 510.7360198 688.9764545 0.00233236
 T (°C) Flowrate (m3/s) Nu teoritis Nu praktis Error
0.000283 36.158 31.602 14.417
45°C 0.000367 51.38 44.604 15.191
0.000450 69.276 60.290 14.905
0.000300 35.791 35.825 0.095
55°C 0.000383 46.725 46.768 0.092
0.000467 63.354 63.411 0.090

Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p

31.602 1.4997 0.6021 4.1231 9.99E-05 1.422621
44.604 1.6494 0.6128 4.1749 9.99E-05 1.422621
60.290 1.7802 0.6075 4.2207 9.99E-05 1.422621
Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p
35.825 1.5542 0.5832 3.9336 0.000362 1.078973
46.768 1.6700 0.5843 4.1335 0.000362 1.078973
63.411 1.8022 0.6064 4.1681 0.000362 1.078973
 q Nusselt Teoritis
0.203198 52.234
0.203198 101.049
0.203198 112.888
 q Nusselt Teoritis
1.49513 47.308
1.49513 78.042
1.49513 91.751
 Aliran Co-Curent Suhu 46°C
Waktu (menit)
Skala FlowrateT (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Rata-Rata
Thi 51 50 49 48 48 46 45 44 42 40 46.3
18 31 Tci 40 40 40 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 41.4
Tho 47 47 47 47 46 46 45 46 45 45 46.1
Tco 41 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 42 41.6
Thi 48 47 47 47 46 46 46 45 45 44 46.1
20 35 Tci 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 44 41.7
Tho 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 46 45 43 46
Tco 41 41 42 42 42 42 43 44 45 45 42.7
Thi 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 47
22 40 Tci 40 40 40 41 42 42 42 43 43 44 41.7
Tho 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 46 43 46.8
Tco 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 46 43.1

Aliran Co-Curent Suhu 54°C

Waktu (menit)
Rata-Rata
Skala FlowrateT (°C) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thi 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 42 41 41 42.7
18 30 Tci 34 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 37 35.6
Tho 43 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 42.6
Tco 38 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 39.9
Thi 45 45 44 43 43 43 42 41 41 41 42.8
20 36 Tci 34 34 36 36 36 37 38 38 38 39 36.6
Tho 44 44 43 42 42 42 43 43 42 42 42.7
Tco 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 41 41 41 40.2
Thi 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 41 41 41 42.9
22 41 Tci 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 36
Tho 45 44 44 44 44 44 43 40 40 39 42.7
Tco 40 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 41
 Thi = 46°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg Tho avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
14 0.516667 0.000517 989.655 0.000588 4174 3.83 46.3 46.1
16 0.583333 0.000583 989.684 0.000589 4174 3.84 46.1 46
18 0.666667 0.000667 989.395 0.000580 4174 4.04 47 46.8

Thi = 46°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg Tco avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
14 0.7 0.0007 991.391 0.000637 4174 4.2 41.4 41.6
16 0.7 0.0007 991.088 0.000630 4174 4.14 41.7 42.7
18 0.7 0.0007 991.002 0.000627 4174 4.12 41.7 43.1

Thi = 54°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Thi avg Tho avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
14 0.5 0.0005 990.894 0.000624 4174 4.1 42.7 42.6
16 0.6 0.0006 990.851 0.000623 4174 4.09 42.8 42.7
18 0.683333 0.000683 990.829 0.000622 4174 4.08 42.9 42.7

Thi = 54°C
Flowrate V density viscosity Cp Tci avg Tco avg
Skala Pr
(L/s) (m3/s) (kg/m3) (kg/m.s) (J/kg.C) (C ) (C )
14 0.7 0.0007 993.010 0.000680 4174 4.53 35.6 39.9
16 0.7 0.0007 992.732 0.000675 4174 4.48 36.6 40.2
18 0.7 0.0007 992.688 0.000673 4174 4.46 36 41
 Qh
(J/min) Thi Skala Thi - Tci Tho - Tco LMTD
426.8514 18 4.9 4.5 4.697162 Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min)
240.9716 46°C 20 4.4 3.3 3.823665
550.6313 22 5.3 3.7 4.452186

Qc
(J/min)
579.3292
2895.761
4053.714

Thi Skala Thi - Tci Tho - Tco LMTD

Qh 18 7.1 2.7 4.550894
(J/min) 54°C 20 6.2 2.5 4.07373
206.7996 22 6.9 1.7 3.711918
248.1487
565.2151

Qc
(J/min)
12475.92
10442
14502.18
 DATA HE Thi Skala
Flowrate cold fluid (m3/min) 0.04 18
Panjang HE (m) 0.599 46°C 20
Jumlah tube 5 22
Inside Diameter (ID) (m) 0.021 Thi Skala
Outside Diameter (OD) (m) 0.022 18
Diameter Ekuivalen (m) 0.136 46°C 20
as (m2) 0.00122 22
at (m2) 0.0016 Thi Skala
Ao (m2) 0.206895 18
Ai (m2) 0.19749 46°C 20
22
Thi Skala
18
46°C 20
22

Thi Skala Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis

18 219.636 230.095 224.866
54°C 20 294.422 308.442 301.432
22 735.980 771.027 753.504
Thi Skala Gt Gs
18 309.654 569.760
54°C 20 371.569 569.600
22 423.167 569.575
Thi Skala Ret Res
18 10421.061 113951.967
54°C 20 12524.802 114763.918
22 14286.974 115099.868
Thi Skala JHt JHs
18 28.5 197.5
54°C 20 39 223
22 43 220

Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)

18 0.6299 37.794 0.6361
46°C 20 0.6307 37.842 0.6362
22 0.6309 37.854 0.6363
Thi Skala ks (W/m C) ks (joule/mnt m C) kt (W/m C)
18 0.6295 37.77 0.6483
54°C 20 0.6421 38.526 0.64837
22 0.6375 38.25 0.6484
 Uo praktis Ui praktis Ud praktis
439.230 460.146 449.6879
304.605 319.110 311.8573
597.776 626.241 612.0087
Gt Gs
319.576 568.831
360.822 568.657
412.248 568.608
Ret Res
11413.432 121445.844
12864.632 122757.712
14926.218 123334.367
JHt JHs
22 197
29 198
41 200

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.166 4.1 4.53 1061.567 1502.143
38.172 4.09 4.48 1398.431 1506.159
38.178 4.08 4.46 1975.806 1519.610

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C
kt (joule/mnt m C) Pr tube Pr shell hi ho
38.898 3.35 4.53 1311.192 1504.999
38.9022 3.342 3.75 1793.042 1628.542
38.904 3.34 4.01 1976.644 1630.803
 Perhitungan Koefisien berdasarkan tube

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
1013.314 605.116 406.994 506.055 0.000571
1334.866 707.674 450.975 579.325 0.001794
1885.997 841.547 501.882 671.715 0.000446

J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C J/s.mtr^2. C

 hio Uc Uo teoritis Ud teoritis Rd Praktis
1251.593 683.324 439.303 561.314 0.00298
1711.540 834.505 501.187 667.846 0.00212
1886.797 874.743 513.903 694.323 0.00018
 T (°C) Flowrate (m3/s) Nu teoritis Nu praktis Error
0.000317 35.691 35.046 1.840
45°C 0.000383 47.278 46.16 2.422
0.000500 67.193 65.208 3.044
0.000317 4.25E+01 4.2473E+01 0.064
55°C 0.000417 5.80E+01 58.075 0.129
0.000450 6.34E+01 64.018 0.965

Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p

35.046 1.545 0.613 4.057 1.28E+23 0.939394
46.160 1.664 0.612 4.109 1.28E+23 0.939394
65.208 1.814 0.611 4.174 1.28E+23 0.939394
Nusselt log Nu log Pr log Re Alpha p
42.473 1.628 0.525 4.018 7.70E-13 1.272727
58.075 1.764 0.524 4.098 7.70E-13 1.272727
64.018 1.806 0.524 4.155 7.70E-13 1.272727
 q Nusselt Teoritis
-41.0303 59.706
-41.0303 73.852
-41.0303 93.891
 q Nusselt Teoritis
1.67E+01 6.06E+01
1.67E+01 7.36E+01
1.67E+01 8.62E+01
4.1 Hub lajur alir vs U
T=45

Laju alir vs U
1400.000 900.000

1200.000 800.000
700.000
1000.000
600.000
Ui Counter-current
800.000 500.000
Uo Counter-current
U

U
600.000 Uo Co-current 400.000
Ui Co-current 300.000
400.000
200.000
200.000 100.000
0.000 0.000
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 0.00035 0
Laju Alir

4.2 Laju Alir terhadap Uc dan Ud praktis

T=45

Laju Alir vs U
900.00000 1000.0000000
800.00000 900.0000000
700.00000 800.0000000
600.00000 700.0000000
Uc Counter-current 600.0000000
500.00000 Ud Counter-current 500.0000000
U

U
400.00000 Uc Co-current
400.0000000
300.00000 Ud Co-current
300.0000000
200.00000 200.0000000
100.00000 100.0000000
0.00000 0.0000000
0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0003
Laju Alir

4.3Perbandingan Ud teoritis dan Ud praktis

T=45

Laju Alir vs U
800.00000 800.0000000
700.00000 700.0000000
600.00000 600.0000000
500.00000 Ud teori tis Counter-current 500.0000000
400.00000 Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
400.0000000
U

Ud teori tis Co-current

U

300.00000 Ud Pra ktis Co-current 300.0000000

200.00000 200.0000000
100.00000 100.0000000
0.00000
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 0.0000000
0.0002
 600.00000 600.0000000
500.00000 Ud teori tis Counter-current 500.0000000
400.00000 Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
400.0000000

U
Ud teori tis Co-current

U
300.00000 Ud Pra ktis Co-current 300.0000000
200.00000 200.0000000
100.00000 100.0000000
0.00000
0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007 0.0000000
0.0002
Laju Alir

4.4 Hubungan T thdp Nilai Ud praktis

T= 55

Laju Alir vs U
900.000
800.000
700.000
600.000
500.000
U

400.000
300.000
200.000
100.000
0.000
0.00035 0.0004 0.00045 0.0005 0.00055 0.0006 0.00065 0.0007
Laju Alir

T=55

Laju Alir vs U
1000.0000000
900.0000000
800.0000000
700.0000000
600.0000000 Uc Counter-current
500.0000000 Ud Counter-current
U

Uc Co-current
400.0000000
Ud Co-current
300.0000000
200.0000000
100.0000000
0.0000000
0.0003 0.0004 0.0005 0.0006 0.0007 0.0008
Laju Alir

T=55

Laju Alir vs U
800.0000000
700.0000000
600.0000000
500.0000000 Ud teori tis Counter-current
400.0000000 Ud Pra ktis Counter-current
U

Ud teori tis Co-current

300.0000000 Ud Pra ktis Co-current
200.0000000
100.0000000
0.0000000
0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008
 600.0000000
500.0000000 Ud teori tis Counter-current
400.0000000 Ud Pra ktis Counter-current

U
Ud teori tis Co-current
300.0000000 Ud Pra ktis Co-current
200.0000000
100.0000000
0.0000000
0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008
Laju Alir