WWW.ACADEMIARAFAVILCHEZ.

COM C/ Patrocinio de Biedma, 6 953035837 - 609184294

[Jaén] info@AcademiRafaVilchez.com

GRAMMAR UNIT 7 (FIRST)

GERUND & INFINITIVE

- INFINITIVE WITH TO:

 TO + INFINITIVE:
Mean, appear, threaten, tend, let, remind, order, invite, agree, forget, intend, plan, want,
arrange, expect, learn, prepare, with, attempt, fail, manage, promise, would like, would better,
choose, help, need, propose, decide, hope, offer, seem, ask, allow, refuse, dare, make, tell,
persuade, warn, afford, begin, demand, pretend, show, explain.

Ex: They agreed to pay that high rent for the house.
Liz didn’t want to buy that t-shirt.
Do you promise to visit us more often?
 AFTER ‘BE’ + ADJECTIVE:
Ex: Ann was happy to see Brian again.
Is it expensive to travel to the USA?
It won’t be difficult to get tickets for that concert.
 AFTER ‘TOO’ + ADJECTIVE/ADVERB:
Ex: It’s too late to go out.
The exam was too difficult to pass it.
 AFTER ADJECTIVE/ ADVERB + ENOUGH:
Ex: You didn’t run quickly enough to catch the bus.

- INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO:

 May, should, shouldn’t, can’t, can, might, will, won’t, could, couldn’t, must, mustn’t, would,
wouldn’t, have to, needn’t, shall.
 AFTER ‘HAD BETTER’/ ‘WOULD RATHER’:
Ex: He had better tell Sue the truth.
We’d rather have tea than coffee.
 AFTER ‘MAKE’ OR ‘LET’:
Ex: The teacher made us write a list.
My parents never let us go out at night.

- -ING:
 AFTER:
Consider, postpone, risk, mention, put off, avoid, fancy, go on, practice, be worth, can’t
stand, enjoy, feel like, imagine, suggest, look forward to, dislike, finish, keep, can’t help, be
used to, get used to, give up, mind, be fond of, advise, miss, stop, delay, regret, admit, deny.
Ex: I can’t stand lying in the sun doing nothing.
James gave up playing tennis two months ago.
 SOME EXPRESSIONS WITH GO+ING:
Ex: Will you go skating on Saturday?
They went fishing last weekend.
 AFTER A PREPOSITION:
Ex: She went out without saying goodbye.
WWW.ACADEMIARAFAVILCHEZ.COM C/ Patrocinio de Biedma, 6 953035837 - 609184294
[Jaén] info@AcademiRafaVilchez.com

I’m tired of doing the housework.

 AS A NOUN:
Ex: Skiing is an expensive activity.
My favourite sport is running.
 IN SHORT PROHIBITIONS:
Ex: No smoking.
No parking here.

 AS AN ADJECTIVE (THINGS):
Ex: The film was interesting.
The novel was boring.

- VERBS USED WITH ‘TO+INFINITIVE’ OR ‘-ING’:

Attempt, help, love, begin, intend, prefer, continue, like, start, hate
Ex: They began to play/playing football at 5:00.
The secretary continued to type/typing letters.

- VERBS USED WITH ‘TO+INFINITIVE’ OR ‘-ING’ WITH CHANGES IN

MEANING:
 FORGET:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: olvidar hacer algo
Ex: Don’t forget to post these letters.
‘-ING’: olvidar haber hecho algo
Ex: I forgot posting the letters.
 MEAN:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: querer
Ex: Do you mean to work for this firm?
‘-ING’: implicar, suponer
Ex: That means working overtime.
 REGRET:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: lamentar
Ex: I regret to tell you that you haven’t passed the exam.
‘-ING’: lamenter haber hecho algo
Ex: You’ll regret saying those things.
 REMEMBER:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: acordarse de hacer algo
Ex: Please, remember to phone me this evening.
‘-ING’: acordarse de haber hecho algo (recuerdo)
Ex: I remember meeting you last year.
 STOP:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: parar para hacer algo (Descanso)
Ex: We stopped to have a coffee.
‘-ING’: dejar de hacer algo para siempre
Ex: I stopped having coffee, I only have tea now.
 TRY:
‘TO+INFINITIVE’: intentar hacer algo
Ex: Laura tried to do all the shopping on Friday.
WWW.ACADEMIARAFAVILCHEZ.COM C/ Patrocinio de Biedma, 6 953035837 - 609184294
[Jaén] info@AcademiRafaVilchez.com

‘-ING’: experimentar
Ex: Laura tried cooking a Greek speciality.

EXERCISES:
1. Choose the correct form:
1. Being/Be a teenager isn’t easy.
2. It isn’t easy writing/to write a book.
3. He doesn’t like to study/studying but he would like taking/to take a course on website
design.
4. They promised to give/giving him the post in the new shop.
5. You can start/starting work as soon as you finish school.
6. She stopped smoking/to smoke 2 years ago.
7. She stopped smoking/to smoke a cigarette.
8. After to work/working there for two months, he decided to quit.
2. Complete with ‘-ing’ or ‘infinitive’:
1. _____________(play) chess can help your brain to develop.
2. I can’t put up with __________(listen) to that loud music.
3. We’re ready ___________(start) training.
4. Stop _____________(eat) so much fast food!
5. You’d better not _____________(go) out in the rain.
6. Would you mind ____________(play) another song?
3. Complete with gerund or infinitive:
1. In France, many people stopped______________(smoke) when cigarette taxes were
raised.
2. None of us remembered ____________(bring) our workbooks to class which made
the teacher quite angry.
3. She’ll never forget __________(see) the look of amazement on Greg’s face after he
had won the race.
4. We saw a car accident and stopped ___________(help) the people who were hurt.
5. She hopes ____________(complete) her law studies by next summer.
6. We regret ___________(inform) you that you have not been accepted to Sheffield
University.
7. They forgot ___________(call) the DJ last week, and now he’s not available for their
party.
8. She misses __________(be) with her friends form her old neighborhood.
9. I remember ___________(read) about the bank robbery, but I forgot which bank it
was at.
10. I regret __________(watch) that programme on ghosts, because I’ve had bad dreams
ever since!