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MORFOFISIOLOGÍA APLICADA
A LA ODONTOLOGÍA
Anatomía aplicada a la Cirugia Oral e Implantología
Bucomaxilofacial
2 mm - 3,7 mm
0,5 mm – 2,62 mm
Goaslind GD, Robertson PB, Mahan CJ, Morrison WW, Olson JV. Thickness of facial
gingiva. J Periodontol 1977;48:768-771.
7.4mm
4,6mm
Greenstein G, Cavallaro J, Tarnow D. Practical application of anatomy for the dental implant surgeon. J Periodontol. 2008 Oct;79(10):1833-46
Rosenquist JB, Nystrom E. Occlusion of the incisal canal with bone chips. A procedure to facilitate insertion of implants in the anterior maxilla. Int J Oral
Maxillofac Surg 1992;21:210-211..
Canal nasopalatino
Mraiwa N, Jacobs R, Van Cleynenbreugel J, et al. The nasopalatine canal revisited using 2D and 3D CT imaging. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004;33:396-
402.
Foramen infraorbitario
5 mm
Van den Bergh JP, ten Bruggenkate CM, Disch FJ, Tuinzing DB. Anatomical aspects of
sinus floor elevations. Clin Oral Implants Res 2000;11:256-265
Foramen Palatino Mayor
55%
86%en
enrelación
relaciónaa3er 3ermolar.
molar. Sujatha N, Manjunath KY, Balasubramanyam V. Variations of the location
19% entre 2do y 3er molar
13% entre 2do y 3er molar of the greater palatine foramina in dry human skulls. Indian J Dent Res
12% en relacion
1% en relacion alal 2do
2do molar
molar 2005;16:99-102.
14% distal al tercer molar
Jaffar AA, Hamadah HJ. An analysis of the position of the greater palatine
foramen. J Basic Med Sc 2003; 3:24-32.
Wang TM, Kuo KJ, Shih C, Ho LL, Liu JC. Assessment of the relative
locations of the greater palatine foramen in adult Chinese skulls. Acta
Anat (Basel) 1988;132:
182-186.
16mm
Arteria Palatina Mayor
Boveda Palatina Baja: arteria se ubica 7mm desde union
cemento esmalte.
Boveda Palatina Alta: arteria se ubica 17mm desde union Promedio 14,9 hombres
cemento esmalte. 12,7mm mujeres
Monnet-Corti V, Santini A, Glise JM, et al. Connective tissue graft for gingival recession treatment: Assessment of the maximum
graft dimensions at the palatal vault as a donor site. J Periodontol 2006;77: 899-902.
Reiser GM, Bruno JF, Mahan PE, Larkin LH. The subepithelial connective tissue graft palatal donor site: Anatomic considerations
for surgeons. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1996;16:130-137.
Seno Maxilar
38 a 45mm
25 a 35mm
36 a 45mm
Van den Bergh JP, ten Bruggenkate CM, Disch FJ, Tuinzing DB. Anatomical aspects of sinus
floor elevations.Clin Oral Implants Res 2000;11:256-265.
Misch CE. The maxillary sinus lift and sinus graft surgery. In: Misch CE, ed. Implant Dentistry, 2nd ed. St Louis: CV Mosby; 1999:469-470
Septo Seno Maxilar
31,0% 1 taquique
19,6% 2 tabiques
15,7% 3 tabiques Presente en 74,5% de los
5,9 mas de 3 tabiques.- maxilares (N: 51)
Fugazzotto PA, Vlassis J. A simplified classification and repair system for sinus
membrane perforations. J Periodontol 2003;74:1534-1541.
Causas:
1. Sobre fresado.
2. Deficiente estabilidad primaria.
3. Mala planficación.
Gonzales-García A, Et al.. Accidental displacement and migration of endosseous implants into adjacent craniofacial
structures: a review and update. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2012 Sep 1; 17(5): e769-74
Mandíbula
Foramen Mandibular
75%
29,4%
22,5%
47,1%
2,5%
23,5%
21 mm
Nicholson ML. A study of the position of the mandibular foramen in adult human
mandible. Anat Rec 1985; 212:110-112.
3,4 mm
2,2 mm
3,5mm a 5,4mm
Greenstein G, Cavallaro J, Tarnow D. Practical application of anatomy for the dental
implant surgeon. J Periodontol. 2008 Oct;79(10):1833-46
n= 700 hemimandíbulas
prevalencia: 5% (n=35) SCHILLING, L. J. et al. Int. J. Odontostomat., 4(3):207-213, 2010.
Rango de distorsión de exámenes radiográficos en localización de
canal mandibular
53%
exactitud
17%
exactitud
94%
exactitud
Sonick M, Abrahams J, Faiella RA. A comparison of the accuracy of periapical, panoramic, and computerized tomographic
radiographs in locating the mandibular canal. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1994;9: 455-460.
Reiser, G. M.; Manwaring, J. D. & Damoulis, P. D. Clinical significance of the structural integrity of the superior aspect of the
mandibular canal. J. Periodontol., 75(2):322-6, 2004.
Rango de distorsión de exámenes radiográficos en localización de
canal mandibular
Minimo 2 mm
de seguridad
Gentileza Prof. Dr. Sergio Marchant M.
Foramen mental (mentoniano)
Wang TM, Shih C, Liu JC, Kuo KJ. A clinical and anatomical study of the location of the mental
Fishel D, Buchner A, Hershkowith A, Kaffe I. Roentgenologic study of the mental foramen.
foramen in adult Chinese mandibles. Acta Anat (Basel) 1986; 126:29-33..
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976;41:682-686..
n= 22 mandíbulas caucásicas (9 hombres)
(valores promedios en milímetros)
3,5
27, 6
3,6
Fishel D, Buchner A, Hershkowith A, Kaffe I. Roentgenologic study of the mental foramen. Oral Surg
Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976;41:682-686..
Foramen mental (mentoniano)
Variacion Radiografica
0 a 7,5 mm 40% Falsos
Periapical positivos
v/s
Variacion clinica 0 a 1 mm
Variacion Radiografica
Panoramica
v/s
Variacion clinica (diseccion)
0 a1mm
RX NO ES APROPIADA PARA
DIAGNOSTICAR
0,1 a 3,3mm
PRESENCIA
DEL LOOP ANTERIOR
Bavitz JB et al.Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993;8: 563-567.
Kuzmanovic DV, et al.Clin Oral Implants Res 2003;14: 464-471.
Gary Greenstein et al. J Periodontol. 2008 Oct;79(10):1833-46.
Foramen mental (mentoniano)
6 mm seguridad
anterior al foramen
Park, Kim and Moon. Injury to IAN from dental implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012, 70: e-258-e259.
Greenstein G, Tarnow D. J Periodontol 2006;77:1933-1943.
Misch CE. Implant Dentistry, 2nd ed. St Loui: CV Mosby;1999: 347-370.
canal incisivo
Gahleitner A, Hofschneider U, Tepper G, et al. Lingual vascular canals of the mandible: Evaluation with dental CT. Radiology
2001;220:186-189.
Rosano G. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 20, 2009; 791–795.
McDonnell D, Reza Nouri M, Todd ME. The mandibular lingual foramen: A consistent
Greenstein G.,arterial foramen
J Periodontol in the
2008; 79 middle of the
(10): 1833-1846
mandible. J Anat 1994;184:363-369.
Foramen lingual
Hofschneider U, Tepper G, Gahleitner A, Ulm C. Assessment of the blood supply to the mental region for reduction of
bleeding complications during implant surgery in the interforaminal region. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:379-383