Soil Mechanics

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Er. S. Sorout
AIR-5th (HSSC)
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DETAILED INFORMATION OF TOPICS

SOIL MECH A N ICS 4. Deflection of Beam
1. Soil origin, Soil water relationship & 5. Principal Stress-Strain Theories of
Index Properties of Soil Failure
2. Classification of Soil 6. Bending Stress
3. Compaction of Soil 7. Shear Stress
4. Compressibility & Consolildation 8. Torsion of Circular Shaft
5. Ef fective stress, Capillary & 9. Column
Permeability 10. Springs
6. Seepage Through Soil 11. Thick & Thin Cylinder/Sphere
7. Earth Pressure & Retaining Wall 12. Moment of Inertia
8. Shear Strength of Soil STRUCTURA L A NA LYSIS
9. Shallow Foundation 1. Determinacy, I ndeter-minancy &
10. Deep Foundation Stability of Structure
A DVA NCE TOPIC 2. Arches & Suspension Bridges
11. Vertical Stress 3. Influence Line Diagram
12. Stability of Slopes 4. Methods of Structure Analysis
13. Soil Exploration 5. Truss
ESTIM ATION-COSTING RCC
1. Basic Measurement & Work 1. Basic of RCC
2. Valuation 2. Beam & Slab
3. Estimation & Area Types 3. Shear Bond, Torsion & Developmen
4. Material Calculation & Other -t Length
Miscellaneous Topics 4. Wall, Column & Footing
BMC 5. Pre-stress Concrete
1. Cement DSS
2. Concrete 1. Structural Fasteners
3. Timber 2. Tension Member
4. Brick 3. Compression Member
5. Lime 4. Beams, Plate Girder & Industrial
6. Mortar Roofs
7. Aggregate 5. Plastic A nalysis
8. Stone FLUI D MECH A N ICS
9. Miscellancous Topics 1. Basic Fluid Properties
SOLID MECH A N ICS 2. Hydrostatic, Buoyance & Pressure
1. Properties of Material 3. Fluid Kinematics
2. Simple Stress-Strain & Elastic 4. Fluid Dynamics & Flow Measurement
Constants 5. Viscous Flow of Incompressible Fluid
3. Shear Force & Bending Moment 6. Turbulent & Laminar Flow
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7. Weir & Notches Appurtenances
8. Vortex Motion, Drag & Lift 8. Sewage Treatment
9. Boundary Layer Theory 9. Solid Waste Management
10. Model Analysis 10. Air & Noise Pollution
11. Flow Through Pipes H IGH WAY ENGIN EERI NG
12. Open Channel Flow Part 1
13. Hydraulic Machine 1. Introduction
S U RV E Y 2. Highway Geometric Design
1. Fundamentals of Survey 3. Traffic Engineering
2. Linear Measurement 4. Pavement Design
3. Compass Surveying 5. Highway Material, Construction &
Maintenance
4. Theodolite
Part 2
5. Traversing
6. Airport & Tunnel Engineering
6. Levelling
Part 3
7. Plane Table Survey
7. Railway engineering
8. Contouring
A). Sleepers & Track fasteners
9. Curve
B). Geometric Design of Track
10. Photography
C). Points & Crossing
11. Miscellaneous Topics
D). Track Stress & Tractive Resistance
H YDROLOGY
E). Signalling & Control System
1. Introduction
F). Miscellaneous Topics
2. Precipitation
3. Stream Flow Measurement CPM & PERT
4. Run off 1. Project Management
5. Floods & Flood Routing 2. Network Tenchnique
IRRIGATION 3. CPM & PERT
1. I rrigation Techniques & water 4. CRASHING & Resource Allocation
Requirement of Crops
5. Engineering Economy
2. Canal Design & Cross Drainage
A PPLIED MECH A N ICS
Works
3. River Training Work
CI VIL K i GOLI BOOK
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SSC JE APPEARED CANDIDATE DETAILS
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CIVIL ENGINEERING FACTS

1. John Smeaton is known as the Father of CI VIL Engineering.
2. Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya is the first INDI A N CI VIL Engineer.
3. India celebrates Engineer's Day on 15 September every year as a tribute to the
greatest Indian Engineer Bharat Ratna Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya.
4. Shakuntala A. Bhagat is the first INDIAN Woman CIVIL Engineer.
5. Elattuvalapil Sreedharan is known as "Metro Man" of India.
6. George Stephenson, an English Civil engineer and mechanical engineer, is
known as Father of Railway Engineering.
7. Elmina Wilson was the first woman to receive a Bachelor of civil engineering
degree at Iowa State College, and the first one to complete her master's degree in
the field. She was known as the "first lady of structural engineering", she
collaborated with Marston to build the 168-foot-tall A mes, Iowa, water tower,
the first raised steel tower west of the Mississippi.
8. Karl Von Terzaghi, Austrian Civil Engineer,Geotechnical Engineer and Geologist
known as "Father of Soil Mechanics"
9. Ludwig Prandtl changed the field of the fluid mechanics and is called the modern
father of fluid mechanics because
10. Stepan Prokopovych Timoshenko is consider to be the father of modern
engineering mechanics.
11. The survey of India is central engineering agency in-charge of mapping and
surveying, set up in 1767.
12. George Everest was surveyor-general of India, under whom great Trigonometrical
survey (1802-1852) was completed and Mount Everest was named in his honour
by Andrew Scott Waugh.
13. Qutub Minar, is the tallest minaret in the world made up of Bricks. Qutub
Minar is 73-metre (239.5 feet) tall tapering tower of five storeys, with a 14.3
metres (47 feet) base diameter, reducing to 2.7 metres (9 feet) at the top of the
peak. It is having a spiral staircase of 379 steps. It's design is thought to have
been based on the minaret of Jam, in western A fghanistan.
14. Golden Quadrilateral is the largest highway project in India and the fifth
longest in the world. The project was launched in 2001 by Atal Bihari Vajpayee
and was completed in 2012. It consists of 5,846 km (3,633 mile) four/six lane
express highways.
15. Taj Mahal is an ivory white marble on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the
in Agra (UP). It was built for Mumtaz Mahal by Shah Jahan.
16. Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal in india and largest irrigation project
in the world. It is 649 km long and runs through Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan.
HOPE YOU LIKE IT

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SOIL
MECHANICS
1 . Soil origin, Soil water relationship &
Index Properties of Soil .................................... 03 - 15
2 . Classification of Soil ....................................... 16 - 18
3 . Compaction of Soil .......................................... 19 - 21
4 . Compressibility & Consolildation ....................... 22 - 28
5 . Ef fective stress, Capillary & Permeability ............ 29 - 34
6 . Seepage Through Soil ........................................ 35 - 38
7 . Earth Pressure & Retaining Wall ......................... 39 - 43
8 . Shear Strength of Soil ....................................... 44 - 50
9 . Shallow Foundation .......................................... 51 - 56
10. De ep Foundation .............................................. 57 - 62
A DVA NCE TOPICS
11. Vertical Stress ................................................. 63 - 65
12. Stability of Slopes ............................................ 66 - 67
13. Soil Exploration ............................................... 68 - 69
Karl Von Terzaghi, Austrian Civil Engineer,Geotechnical Engineer and Geologist

known as "Father of Soil Mechanics"
[1]
[2]
CHAPTER 1
ORIGIN OF SOIL AND SOIL WATER RELATIONSHIP
1. Loess deposits are formed by reduction in the volume of soil

(a) Physical disintegration of rock mass
(b) When reduction in the volume of
(b) Constant blowing of wind from the
the soil mass is nearly equal to
same direction
the volume of water lost
(c) Vertical deposition of glacial till
(c) When the soil mass becomes
(d) Chemical weathering residual brittle
deposit
(d) When the soil mass shown a small
2. The engineering behaviour of clay is shearing resistance as the water
essentially different from that of a content is reduced
sand at the same void ratio. Which
6. Which one of the following is the most
one of the following is not responsible
active clay material
for this behaviour
(a) Na-illite
(a) Particle size and shape
(b) Na-kaolinite
(b) Specific surface area
(c) Soluble salt (c) Na-montmorillonite
(d) Cation exchange capacity (d) Ca-montmorillonite
3. Between which state of soil is 7. Which of the following statements is

false ?
shrinkage limit conceptualized
(a) Clay deposits are more porous
(a) Liquid state and soild state
than sand beds
(b) Plastic state and semi-solid state
(b) Presence of organic matter in soil
(c) Liquid state and plastic state decreases the bearing capacity of
(d) Semi-solid state and solid state the soil
4. If a saturated soil sample is (c) The change of moisture content
consolidated, the degree of saturation changes the value of angle of
repose
will
(d) None of the above
(a) Reduce
8. A mong the following types of water,
(b) Increase
which one is chemically combined in
(c) Remain constant the crystal structure of the soil
(d) Become zero mineral and can be removed only by
5. When a soil mass said to have entered breaking the crystal structure
the solid phase (a) Capillary water
(a) When loss in water is not (b) Adsorbed water
accompanied by a corres-ponding
[3]
(c) Hygroscopic water ?
(d) Structural water (a) 0.61 (b) 0.71

(c) 0.91 (d) 0.81
9. Bentonite is a material obtained due
to the weathering of 15. If the voids of a soil mass are full of
air only, the soil is termed as
(a) Limestone (b) Quartzite
(a) Air entrained soil
(c) Volcanic ash (d) Shales
(b) Partially saturated soil
10. The best indication of the behaviour (c) Dry soil
of a deposit sand under load can be
obtained from its
16. Which of the following soils has the
(a) Bulk density uniformity coefficient of more than 10
(b) Dry density ?
(c) Relative density (a) Well graded soil
(d) Grading (b) Coarse soil
11. For distinguishing clays from silts in (c) Uniform soil
the field, a moist soil is rolled into a (d) Poor soil
thread of 3 mm diameter. This test 17. Which of the following is responsible
will indicate the for the formation of residual soil?
(a) Dilatancy (a) Glaciers
(b) Dry strength (b) Water
(c) Wet and manipulated strength (c) Wind
(d) Toughness (d) None of these

18. A negative value of the group index of
12. Liquefaction of foundation soil during
an earthquake shall not be the reason a soil is reported as
for cracking of (a) A positive value of the same
(a) Only floors in the building magnitude dropping the nega-tive
sign
(b) Walls and roof in the building
(b) Zero
(c) Beams and column in the building
(c) Neagtive value, as GI may be
(d) Only balcony in the building
negative
13. The moisture content of soil below
(d) GI is reported as non-exist
which the soil volume become
19. When the plastic limit of a soil is
constant is called the
greater than the liquid limit, then the
(a) Liquid limit
plasticity index is reported as
(b) Plastic limit
(a) Negative
(c) Shrinkage limit
(b) Zero
(d) All of these
(c) Non-plastic (NP)
14. For a sandy soil with soil grains
spherical in shape and uniform in
size. What is the theoretical void ratio 20. Consider the following statement
[4]
1. Loess is of volcanic origin Which of the above statement are
2. Loess soil are uniformly graded correct
silt size particle (a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
3. Climatic changes cause vertical (c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
swelling and shrinkage of loess 23. Consider the following statement
4. Permeability of loess in horizontal 1. Porosity is zero in fully saturated
direction is less than that in the soil
vertical direction
2. The dry density of soil is less than
Which of the statement given above the density of soil solids
are correct
3. The moisture content of a soil can
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2 and 4 be more than 100%
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3 4. Drying of soil results in increasing
21. Consider the following statement the voids ratio
1. Partially saturated soil sample is Which of the above statement is/are
an example of three-phase system correct
2. Submerged density of a soil (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2
sample is equal to the saturated (c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4
density divided by (1 + water 24. While computing the values of limits
content) expressed as a fraction of consistency and consistency
3. Void ratio of a soil sample is indices. It is found that liquidity index
defined as the ratio of volume of has a negative value
voids to volume of soil grains Consider the following comments on

this value
Which of the statement given above
1. Liquidity index cannot have a
are correct
negative value and should be
(a) 1 and 2 only taken as zero
(b) 1 and 3 only 2. Liquidity index can have a
negative value
(c) 2 and 3 only
3. The soil tested is in semisoilid
(d) 1, 2 and 3
state and stiff
22. The term 'Loess' indicate those soil 4. The soil tested is in medium soft
which are state
1. Uniformly graded Which of these statements are correct
2. Poorly graded ?
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 3
3. Made up of 50% or more size
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 2 and 3
particles
25. Consider the following clay minerals
4. Made up of more than 50% of silt
1. Kaolinite
particles
[5]
2. Montmorillonite (c) 2 and 3 only
3. Illite (d) 1 and 3 only
What is the correct sequance in an 28. Consider the following statements
increaseing order of the plasticity 1. Mica is a clay mineral
index
2. Rock dust particles, even of clay
(a) 1- 2 - 3 (b) 3 - 2 - 1 size are non-plastic
(c) 1- 3 - 2 (d) 3 - 1 - 2 3. A particle of kaolinite is
26. By placing a soil sample at 105°C for electrically charged
24 hours in an oven Which of these statement are correct
1. Hygroscopic moisture is lost (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) Only 1 and 2
2. Capillary water is lost (c) Only 2 and 3 (d) Only 1 and 3

29. Consider the following statement?
3. Free water is lost
Lime stabilisation of soil leads to
4. Structural water is lost
1. Decrease in shrinkage limit
Which of the above statement are
2. Increase in plastic limit
correct
3. Decrease in liquid limit
(a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 3 and 4
4. Flocculation of clay particle
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3
Which of the statement given above
27. Consider the following statement are correct
1. Each year black cotton soil
(a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3
appereciably shrinks during dry
season and swells during rainy (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 2, 3 and 4
season .This alternate cycle of 30. consider the following statements:
shrinking and swelling causes 1. I ll ite is the mineral largely
server stresses in structure responsible for the swelling and
supported directly by such soil shrinkage behaviour of clayey
2. Black cotton soil contains soils.
predominantly a clay mineral 2. A differential free swell value of
called kaolinite, which is 55% indicates a soil with low
responsible for causing degree of expansiveness.
appreciable shrinking and 3. Higher the plasticity index of a
swelling soil, greater its swelling potential.
3. Shrinking and swelling of black 4. A low shrinkage limit of a soil
cotton soils are observed only upto indicates possibility of swelling at
a certain depth below the ground low water content.
level. Below that level, There is
Which of the above statements are
neither shrinking nor swelling
correct ?
Which of the these statement is/are
(a) 1 and 2 only
correct
(b) 2 and 3 only
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4 only
(b) 3 only
[6]
(d) 3 and 4 only 34. A soil deposit has a void ratio of 1.0.
31. Consider the following effects as If the void ratio is reduced to 0.60 by
indicative of complete saturation of a compaction, the percentage volume
soil sample: loss is
1. Pore water pressure is positive. (a) 10% (b) 20%
2. Volume of water to volume of voids (c) 30% (d) 40%
is equal to 1. 35. The difference between maximum void
3. Relative density is equal to 1. ratio and minimum void ratio of a
Which of the above statements are sand sample is 0.30. If the ralative
correct ? density of this sample is 66.6% at a
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only void ratio of 0.40. Then the void ratio
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 of this sample at its loosest state will
be
32. Consider the following statements:
(a) 0.40 (b) 0.60
1. When a soil sample is dried beyond
its shrinkage limt, the volume of (c) 0.70 (d) 0.75
the soil slowly decreases 36. A saturated soil mass has a total
2. Plastic limit is always lower than density 22 kN/m3 and a water content
the liquid limit for any type of soil of 30%. The bulk density and dry
3. At the liquid limit, the soil density of this soil are
behaves like a liquid and (a) 26 kN/m 3 and 20 kN/m 3
possesses no shear strength at all respectively
4. When subjected to drying, the (b) 22 kN/m 3 and 17 kN/m 3
volume of the soil remains respectively
unchanged once the water content (c) 17 kN/m 3 and 17 kN/n 3
of the soil goes below its shrinkage respectively
limit (d) 20 kN/m 3 and 20.6 kN/m 3
Which of the above statements are respectively
correct 37. On analysis of particle size
(a) 1 and 3 only distribution of a soil. It is found that
(b) 1 and 4 only D10 = 0.3 mm,D30= 0.52 and D60 = 0.8
(c) 2 and 3 only mm. The uniformity coefficient and
co-efficient of curvature as given by
(d) 2 and 4 only
the partical size distribution curve are
33. The atterberg limits of a clay are 38%, respectively
27% and 24.5%. Its natural water
(a) 3 and 3
content is 30%. The clay is
in.............state (b) 2.67 and 1.125
(a) Plastic State (c) 2.67 and 3
(b) Semi-fluid State (d) 8 and 1.125
(c) Liquid State 38. The following data were obtained from
a liquid limit test conducted on a soil
(d) None of these
sample.
[7]
Number 17 22 25 28 34 43. If an unconfined compressive
of blows strength of 12 kg/cm2 in the natural
state of clay reduces by three times
Wa t e r 63.8 63.1 61.0 60.6 60.5
in the remoulded state, then its
Conte nt
sensitivity will be
(%)
(a) 1 (b) 2
The liquid limit of the soil is:
(c) 4 (d) 3
(a) 63.1% (b) 62.8%
44. Soil sample A and B have void ratios
(c) 61.0% (d) 60.6%
of 0.5 and 0.7 respectively. If 1.5 m3
39. A fine grained soil has 60% (by weight)
of soil sample A and 1.7 m3 of soil
silt content. The soil behaves as semi-
sample B are mixed to form sample C
solid when water content is between
15% and 28%. The soil behaves fluid- having a volume of 3.2 m3, which one
like when the water content is more of the following correctly represents
than 40%. The 'Activity' of the soil is the porosity of sample C
(a) 3.33 (b) 0.42 (a) 0.375 (b) 0.60
(c) 0.30 (d) 0.20 (c) 1.66 (d) 2.66
40. Which one of the following is the 45. The saturated and dry densities of a
water content of the mixed soil made soil are respectively 1800 kg/m3 and
from 2 kg of soil (say A) with water 1500 kg/m3. The water content (in
content of 100% and 3 kg of soil (say percentage ) of the soil in the
B) with water content of 50% saturated state would be
(a) 33.33 (b) 20
(a) 67% (b) 71%
(c) 50 (d) 66.66
(c) 75% (d) 82%
46. If the specific gravity of a suspended
41. A saturated sand sample has a dry unit particle is increased from 4 to 7, the
weight of 18 kN/m3 and a specific settling velocity will
gravity of 2.65. The water content of (a) Not change
the soil is (b) Get doubled
(a) 0.25 (c) Get increased by 1.75 times
(b) 0.36 (d) Get increased by 2.25 times
(c) 0.45 47. In a wet soil mass, air occupies one-
(d) None of these sixth of its volume and water occupies
42. The liquid limit and plastic limit of 1/4 of its volume. The void ratio of
sample are 65% and 29% respectively. the soil is
The percentage of the soil fraction (a) 0.7 (b) 0.5
with grain size finer than 0.002 mm (c) 1.00 (d) 1.50
is 24.The activity ratio of the soil 48. A dry soil has mass specific gravity of
sample is 1.35. If the specific gravity of solids
(a) 0.50 (b) 1.00 is 2.7, then the void ratio will be
(c) 1.50 (d) 2.00 (a) 0.5 (b) 1.0
[8]
(c) 1.5 (d) 2.0 55. The plasticity index and the
49. A clay soil has a void ratio of 0.43 in percentage of grain size finer than 2
dry state and specific gravity of solids microns of a clay sample are 5 and
= 2.70. Its shrinkage limit will be 15, respectively. Its active ratio is
(a) 15.9% (b) 13.5% (a) 2.5 (b) 1.67
(c) 18.5% (d) 22% (c) 0.67 (d) 0.33
50. In a 200 gm wet soil sample, 100 gm 56. If a soil sample of weight 0.18 kg
constitution soil particle. What is the having a volume of 10-4 m3 and dry
unit weight of 1600 kg/m3 is mixed
water content of the soil
with 0.04 kg of water. Then the water
(a) 300% (b) 50% content in the sample will be
(c) 100% (d) 150% (a) 30% (b) 38%
51. The dry density of a soil is 1.5 g/cc. If (c) 20% (d) 25%
the saturation water content were
57. A sample of saturated sand has a dry
30%. Then its saturated density and
unit weight of 18 kN/m3 and a specific
submerged density would be
gravity of 2.7. If density of water is 10
respectively
kN/m 3, the void ratio of the soil
(a) 1.5 g/cc and 1.0 g/cc sample will be
(b) 2.25 g/cc and 1.25 g/cc (a) 0.5 (b) 0.6
(c) 2.0 g/cc and 1.0 g/cc (c) 0.4 (d) 0.9
(d) 2.50 g/cc and 1.50 g/cc 58. If the soil sample is having porosity
52. Two soil sample A and B have 50% and degree of saturation is 90%.
porosities n A = 30% and n B = 60% Then its percentage air voids is
respectively.What is the ratio of void (a) 5% (b) 50%
ratios eA : eB
(c) 45% (d) 4.5%
(a) 4:9 (b) 7:2
59. Embankment fill is to be compacted
(c) 2:7 (d) 9:4 at a density of 18 kN/m3.The soil of
53. A fill having a volume of 1,50,000 cum the borrow area is at a density of 15
is to be constructed at a void ratio of kN/m3. What is the estimated number
0.6. The borrow pit soil has a void ratio of trips of 6 m 3 capacity truck for
of 1.4. The volume of soil required (in hauling the soil required for
cube meters) to be excavated from the compacting 150 m 3 fill of the
borrow pit will be embankment ?
(a) 1,87,500 (b) 2,25,000 (Assume that the soil in the borrow
(c) 2,00,000 (d) 2,50,000 area and that in the embankment are
54. Given that Plastic Index (PI) of local at the same moisture content)
soil = 25 and PI of sand = zero. For a (a) 10 (b) 18
desired PI of 6, the percentage of sand (c) 30 (d) 20
in the mix should be 60. A speciman of clayey silt contains
(a) 60 (b) 76 70% silt size partical. Its liquid limit
(c) 40 (d) 24 = 40 and plastic limit = 20.In liquid
limit test at moisture content of 30%
[9]
required number of below was 50.Its
plasticity index, activity and
consistency index will respectively be
(a) 20,0.67 and 0.5
(b) 20,1.05 and 2.0
(c) 30,1.5 and 0.72
(d) 20, 0.286 and 0.38
61. In a shrinkage limit test, the volume (a) 100% (b) 63%
and mass of a dry soil pit are found (c) 37% (d) 13%
to be 50 cm3 and 88g, respectively. 66. A sample of dry soil is coated with a
The specifc gravity of the soil solids thin layer of paraffin and has a mass
is 2.71 and the density of water is of 460 g. It displaced 300 cc of water
1g/cc. The shrinkage limit (in % ) is when immersed in it. The paraffin is
_____ peeled off and its mass was found to
(a) 19.91 (b) 18.71 be 9 g. If the specific gravity of soil
(c) 17.51 (d) 6.62 solids and paraffin are 2.65 and 0.9
62. The maximum dry density and respectively. The voids ratio of soil is
optimum moisture content of a soil is nearly
given by 1.65 gm/cc and 20.5% (a) 0.92 (b) 0.71
respectively. What is the percentage (c) 0.59 (d) 0.48
of air content of soil at OMC, if the
67. The liquid limit of a soil mass is 30%
specific gravity of particles is given
and its plastic limit is 45%. Then the
by 2.65 ?
plasticity index of this soil is_______
(a) 10.4 (b) 15.5
(a) 15
(c) 26.8 (d) 35.7
(b) –15
63. The dry density of soil specimen is
(c) 0
1.818 g/cm3. Find the shrinkage ratio
(d) None of these
(a) 1 (b) 0.55
68. Find the quantity of soil, if dry density
(c) 1.82 (d) 0.82
of given soil is 1.75 gm/cm3 for an
64. The mass specific gravity of a fully embankment of volume of 5 × 104 m3
saturated specimen of clay having a
(a) 875 ton (b) 8750 ton
water content of 36% is 1.86. On oven
(c) 87500 ton (d) 8.75 ton
drying, the mass specific gravity
drops to 1.72. Then the specific gravity 69. What is the bulk unit weight of a clay
of clay is soil when the void ratio of a sample
is 0.05, the degree of saturation is
(a) 3.12 (b) 2.69
70% and the specific gravity of the
(c) 3.21 (d) 2.96
soil grains is 2.2. Take the value of
65. The moisture content of a certain Yw to be 9.81 kN/m3?
Municipal solid waste with the
(a) 13.65 kN/m2
following composition will be
(b) None of this
(c) 19.65 kN/m2
[ 10 ]
(d) 29.95 kN/m2 Which of the clays X or Y experiences
70. A given cohesionless soil has emax = larger settlement under identical
0.85, emin = 0.5. In the field, the soil is loads is more plastic and is softer in
compacted to a mass density of 1800 consistency
kg/m3 at w/c of 8%. Take the mass (a) X, Y and X (b) Y, X and X
density of water as 1000 kg/m3 and (c) Y, X and Y (d) X, Y and Y
Gs = 2.7. The relative density (in %)
75. A soil sample has 28 g of soil soilds,
of the soil is
10 cm 3 of voids, 9g of water and
(a) 56.43 (b) 60.25
specific gravity of soil grains of 2.7.
(c) 62.87 (d) 65.71
Consider the following statement in
71. A soil is composed of solid spherical
this regard
grains of identical specific gravity and
diameter between 0.075 mm and 1. The water content is 9/28  100%
0.0075 mm. If the terminal velocity of 10  2 . 7
2. The void ratio is
the largest particle falling through 28
water without flocculation is 0.5 mm/ 3. Degree of saturation is
s, that for the smallest particle would
be 9
 100
(a) 0.005 mm/s (b) 0.05 mm/s 10  2 . 7
(c) 5 mm/s (d) 50 mm/s

10  2 . 7
72. A borrow pit soil has a dry density of 4. The porosity is 28  10  2 . 7 
17 kN/m3. How many cubic meters of
this soil will be required to construct Of these statements
an embankment of 100 m3 volume
with a dry density of 16 kN/m3. (a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(a) 94 m3 (b) 106 m3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 are correct

(c) 100 m3 (d) 90 m3 (c) 1, 3 and 4 are correct
73. The porosity (n) and the degree of (d) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
saturation (S) of a soil sample are 0.7
76. Match List-I with List-II and select
and 40%, respectively. In a 100m3
the correct answer using the codes
volume of the soil, the volume
(expressed in m3) of air is....... given below the list
(a) 42 (b) 62 List-I List-II

(c) 32 (d) 52 (Property of soil)
74. Consider the following properties for A. Grain size 1. Pycnometer
clays X and Y
B. Specific gravity 2. Permeameter
SI. Clay X Clay Y
Properties C. Coefficient of 3. Vane shear
NO. (%) (%)
1. Liquid limit 42 56 permeability apparatus
2. Plastic limit 20 34 D. Cohesion 4. Pipette
Natural water
3. 30 50
content 5. S a n d
[ 11 ]
p o u r i n g List-I List-II
cylinder A. Coarse grained 1. Flocculated
Codes: soil
A B C D B. Silt deposit 2. C o h e s i v e
matrix
(a) 4 1 2 3
C. Clay deposit 3. Honeycomb
(b) 4 5 2 3
D. Composite soil 4. S i n g l e -
(c) 5 4 2 4 grained
(d) 1 5 3 2 Codes:
A B C D
77. Match Lis t-I (Soil) with Lis t -I I
(a) 2 3 1 4
(Discription) and select the correct
(b) 4 3 1 2
answer using the codes given below
(c) 2 1 3 4
the lists
(d) 4 1 3 2
List-I
79. Match List I with List II and select
A. Lacustrine the correct answer using the codes
B. Peat given below the lists
List-1 List-2
C. Till
(Name of person) (Field of
D. Varved clay
contribution)
List-II (a) Stockes 1. Flow through
1. A glacial clay characterized by capillary
distinctly marked annual deposit (b) Darcy 2. Classification of
of sediments soils
2. Part of glacial drift which is (c) Poiseuille 3. Consistency limits
directly deposit by ice (d) Atterberg 4. Flow of water
through a soil
3. An organic soil formed of
mass
vegetational matter
5. Velocity of settling
4. A soil which is deposit in lakes Partcle
Codes: A B C D
A B C D (a) 5 4 1 3
(a) 4 3 2 1 (b) 5 3 2 1
(c) 3 4 2 1
(b) 2 1 4 3
(d) 3 2 1 4
(c) 4 1 2 3
80. Group I lists the type of gain or loss
(d) 2 3 4 1 of strength in soils, Group II lists the
78. Match List-I (Deposit) with List-II property or process responsible for the
(Soil structure) and select the correct loss or gain of strength in soils.
answer using the codes given below Group I Group II
the lists
[ 12 ]
P. Regain of strength 1. Boiling unit weight of soil and the unit weight
with time of water are 15.70 kN/m3 and 9.81
Q. Loss of strength due 2. Liquefa kN/m3 respectively
to cyclic loading -ction List-I List-II
R. Loss of strength due 3. Thixotropy A. Dry unit weight 1. 5.89 kN/m3
to upward seepage
B. Submerged unit 2. 13.34 kN
S. Loss of strength due 4. Sensitivity
Weight m3
to remoulding
3. 13.65 kN/m3
The correct match is
(a) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 4. 25.51 kN/m3
(b) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4 Codes:

(c) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4 A B
(d) P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3 (a) 1 2
81. Match List-I (Type of soil) with List- (b) 2 3
II (Feature) and select the correct (c) 3 1
answer using the codes given below
(d) 3 4
the list
83. Match List-I (Cause) with List-II
List-I List-II
(Effect) and select the correct answer
A. Lacustrine 1. Transported by using the codes given below the lists
wind List-I
B. Alluvial 2. Transported by A. Brownian movement
running B. Soil grading
water
C. Consistency
C. Aeolian 3. Deposit at D. Stratification
the bot-tom
List-II
of lakes
1. Soil structure
D. Marine 4. Deposit in
2. Flow index
sea water
3. Coefficient of curvature
Codes:
4. Particle settlement
A B C D
Codes:
(a) 1 4 3 2
A B C D
(b) 3 2 1 4 (a) 4 1 2 3
(c) 3 4 1 2 (b) 2 3 4 1
(d) 1 2 3 4 (c) 4 3 2 1
82. A soil sample is fully saturated at (d) 2 1 4 3
water content of 15%. The saturated 84. Match List-I (Soil) with List-II (Type)
[ 13 ]
and select the correct answer using D. For zero plasticity 4. Plastic limit
the codes given below the lists index and liquid limit
are equal
List-I List-II
Codes:
A. Fine sand 1. Expansive soil
A B C D
B. Silt 2. Coarse grai-ned
A. 1 2 3 4
soil
B. 3 2 4 1
C. Peat 3. Fine grained Soil
C. 3 1 2 4
4. Organic soil
D. 4 1 2 3
Codes:
87. List I List II
A B C
A. Stoke's law 1. Very plastic soil
(a) 3 2 1 B. Clay 2. Least plastic soil
(b) 4 3 1 C. Sand 3. Determina-tion
(c) 3 1 2 of plas-ticity of
soils
(d) 2 3 4
D. Atterberg's experim- 4. Setting of soil
85. Match List-I (Measuring device) with
ents particles in a soil
List-II (Soil parameter) and select the
suspen-sion
correct answer using the codes given
Codes:
below the lists
A B C D
List-I List-II
A. 1 2 4 3
A. Pycnometer 1. Compress
B. 4 2 3 1
-ibility C. 1 4 3 2
B. Hydrometer 2. P e r m e a b i - D. 4 1 2 3
lity 88. List I List II
C. Oedometer 3. S p e c i f i c A. Black cotton soil 1. Field vane shear
gravity test
D. Permeameter 4. Particle size B. Fat clays 2. High compre-
ssibility
analysis
C. Fine saturated sands 3. Swelling phen-
Codes:
omenon
A B C D D. Sensitive soft clays 4. S p o n t a n e o u s
(a) 2 4 1 3 liquefaction
(b) 3 1 4 2 Codes:
(c) 2 1 4 3 A B C D
(d) 3 4 1 2 A. 3 2 1 4
86. List I List II B. 1 3 2 4
A. Plasticity index 1. N o n - p l a s t i c C. 2 4 3 1
material D. 3 2 4 1
B. Clean sand 2. Shows no shear
89. List I List II
stress
C. Liquid state 3. Difference of (D et er m in a t i o n (Suit abilit y )
water contents at o f w at er co nt ent )
liquid limit and
A. Oven drying method 1. Most accurate
plastic limit
[ 14 ]
laboratory me- Codes:
thod
A B C D
B. Sand bath method 2. For rough value
A. 1 4 3 2
of the water
content B. 4 3 2 1
C. Calcium carbide 3. For embank-ment C. 1 2 3 4
soil
D. 2 3 1 4
D. Pycnometer method 4. For soil whose
specific gravity is
accurately known
Answer Sheet
1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (C) 7. (A) 8. (D) 9. (C) 10. (C)
11. (D) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (C) 15. (C) 16. (A) 17. (D) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20. (B)
21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (C) 24. (D) 25. (C) 26. (D) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (D)
31. (A) 32. (D) 33. (A) 34. (B) 35. (B) 36. (B) 37. (B) 38. (C) 39. (C) 40. (A)
41. (D) 42. (C) 43. (D) 44. (A) 45. (B) 46. (B) 47. (A) 48. (B) 49. (A) 50. (C)
51. (C) 52. (C) 53. (B) 54. (B) 55. (D) 56. (B) 57. (A) 58. (A) 59. (C) 60. (A)
61. (A) 62. (A) 63. (C) 64. (B) 65. (C) 66. (B) 67. (C) 68. (C) 69. (B) 70. (D)
71. (A) 72. (A) 73. (A) 74. (C) 75. (D) 76. (A) 77. (A) 78. (B) 79. (A) 80. (C)
81. (B) 82. (C) 83. (C) 84. (D) 85. (D) 86. (C) 87. (D) 88. (D) 89. (C)
DO YOU KNOW ?
Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya is the first INDIAN CIVIL Engineer.
[ 15 ]

Soil Mechanics

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MY DEAR CIVIL ENGINEERS

DETAILED INFORMATION OF TOPICS

ESE - CIVIL Engg. PAPER 1 CUT OFF

2011 125 121 107 - -

2012 149 146 105 87 87

2013 165 153 102 113 101

2014 202 186 100 90 101

2015 262 228 187 91 114

2016 229 214 183 83 76

2017 202 177 151 102 68

ESE - CIVIL Engg. PAPER MAINS CUT OFF

2011 283 239 221 125 159

2012 342 296 255 126 126

2013 352 301 252 159 -

2014 391 373 293 158 158

2015 516 470 411 197 225

2016 464 418 395 223 143

2017 520 459 439 315 145

ESE - CIVIL Engg. PAPER FINAL CUT OFF

2011 451 427 387 216 251

2012 512 484 422 274 393

2013 500 475 419 299 -

2014 572 540 453 329 263

2015 674 630 552 380 323

2016 623 588 539 414 217

2017 691 650 578 437 311

SSC JE PAPER 2 CUT OFF (OUT OF 300)

SSC JE FINAL CUT OFF RANGE

2016 238.25-264.75 236-252.25 205.25-225 228.25-245

2015 235.5-284.75 236.25-276.25 213.5-289.75 236.25-267.75

2014 285-353 287.75-334.5 265.25-307.75 250-392.75

2013 199.75-280.75 226-291.5 213.25-245.5 205-232.25

2012 184-276.75 190-258.5 168-238.75 144.25-237.25

GATE - CIVIL Engg. CUT OFF

2012 33.03 29.73

2013 27.13 24.42

2014 26.57 23.91

2015 27.52 24.77

2016 26.9 22.5

2017 28.7 25.8

2018 26.9 24.2

SSC JE APPEARED CANDIDATE DETAILS

2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

569930 339379 3,08,852 2,64,945 1,65,661 1,02, 145

4433 5892 6788 8852 4809 5025

1422 2440 1801 2135 1980 1986

1280 2765 3291 3567 1980 2680

319 1177 836 850 842 1083

918 1242 1718 844 1407

356 330 398 376 563

CIVIL ENGINEERING FACTS

HOPE YOU LIKE IT

Karl Von Terzaghi, Austrian Civil Engineer,Geotechnical Engineer and Geologist

1. Loess deposits are formed by reduction in the volume of soil

(d) Cation exchange capacity (d) Ca-montmorillonite

3. Between which state of soil is 7. Which of the following statements is

(d) Structural water (a) 0.61 (b) 0.71

(c) Wet and manipulated strength (c) Wind

(d) Toughness (d) None of these

voids to volume of soil grains Consider the following comments on

2. Capillary water is lost (c) Only 2 and 3 (d) Only 1 and 3

(a) Plastic State (c) 2.67 and 3