Smart Child Monitoring System

IPASJ International Journal of Mechanical Engineering (IIJME)
Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJME/IIJME.htm

A Publisher for Research Motivation ........ Email:editoriijme@ipasj.org
Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 ISSN 2321-6441
Smart Child Monitoring System

PROPOSED MODEL
Avinash D1, Pradeesh M 2, Padmanabhan Subbulakshmi3, Vijayan Sumathi4

1
Mtech. Mechatronics
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai – 600127, India
2
Mtech. Mechatronics
3
PD- ENG Platform (department) Stubhub
San Francisco, CA-94105
4
Associate Professor, School of electrical engineering
ABSTRACT
Children safety is being one of the important issues in the world so by considering the increased security risks of children, our
work proposes in developing a prototype for monitoring or tracking the children activity inside home. The main purpose of this
activity is to find out the whether children are safe or not. The child monitoring system consists of sensors, processors and
Global System for mobile communication (GSM) module and receiver module consist of mobile phone device to parents. The
sensors acquire the necessary information, transmit the information to the processor, and updates the information in the
mobile using GSM module. In this system software hand function and the safe zone function implemented, were software hand
function can be kept eye on the child’s daily regular activities and the safety zone function can make parents know children’s
position perfectly with the help of message by using some sensors and GSM module. Because of its improvement of low-cost to
implement and fast result response, the monitoring system can be utilized as a supplementary in children care and checking.
Keywords: ARM Processor, GSM Sim 900a Module, PIR Sensor, Pressure Sensor.
1. INTRODUCTION
Due to the restriction in physical potential, the children cannot act properly to risky situations, and may cause residual
consequences. In some cases, however, their parents may temporarily neglect the children or guardians, which may
cause bad thinks, happened with children. Children’s security has always been a priority problem whose solution must
constantly be improved. In above situations making of tracking devices and technologies have been under fast
development, it is achievable to design a home hold children-monitoring system that work short time for the not
permanently unavailable parents and guardians or when parents work in kitchen.
Child monitoring system is a considerable requirement in the modern world to assure that the child is safe from
hazardous areas in the absence of their parents. Mother working in the kitchen cannot keep her eyes on her child each
and every time. Our project focuses on presenting a tracking system that is capable of detecting various dangers
surrounded by the child inside the home. The system consists of couple of sensors placed within the range covering all
the hazardous regions in the house. It consists of only two regions, which is dangerous zone and safe zone. The sensors
are connected to microcontroller, which is incorporated with GSM Module. The output from the controller is send
message to parent cell through GSM ensuring the safety of the child.
2. PROPOSED MODEL
This section describes the conceptual model (figure 1) of the child monitoring system. The child position information is
received using the GSM technology. The presence of child in the hazardous area is sensed by the sensors and is sent to
the controller. The controller in turn sends this data to GSM module. The GSM sends the information to the required
cell, which allows the parent to get the child’s location.
Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 1

Figure 1 Block Diagram of the Proposed System
3. HARDWARE SYSTEM DESIGN

The system consists of
1. Power Supply
2. ARM Microcontroller
3. GSM Modem
4. PIR Sensor
5. Pressure Sensor
3.1 Power Supply Unit

The power supply unit consists of a step-down transformer, voltage regulators, and bridge rectifier. Step down
transformer as the name indicates drops the voltage input to desired output volts. The bridge rectifier converts AC to
DC of the transformer output. Voltage regulator regulates this converted DC supply as per the requirements.
3.2 ARM Microcontroller

The Arduino Due (32-bit ARM Microcontroller) is a controller board on the Microchip’s Atmel SAM3X8E ARM
Cortex-M3 processor. The ARM board is on 32-bit ARM core microcontroller that is first Arduino board. The board
be contained of 54 digitals.
Input and output pins whether the 12 pins are used as PWM outputs, 12 pins as analog inputs, 4 pins as UARTs,
which is hardware serial ports. ARM has 84 MHz clock and connection of USB OTG cable. It consists of 2 DAC
(digital to analog convertor), one SPI header, a power jack, one reset and erase button and 2 TWI.
The microcontroller operates range is 1.62V to 3.6V and it is available in 144-pin QFP and BGA packages.
Specifications
 Microcontroller- AT91SAM3X8E
 Analog Input pins- 12
 Operating Voltage Range- 3.3V
 Input Voltage Range- 6-12V
 Input Voltage Range(permissible)- 5-20V
 Analog Output- 2 pins
 Digital I/O- 54 pins
 Total DC Output Current- 130mA
 DC Current for 5V pin- 800mA
 SRAM- 96KB

 DC Current for 3.3V Pin- 800mA

 Flash Memory- 512KB (available for user)
 Clock Speed- 84MHz
Figure 2 Microchip’s Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 Processor
3.3 GSM Modem

GSM or Global System for Mobile correspondence is a generally acknowledged standard for computerized cell
correspondence. This device is most compact a reliable wireless module and is dual-band GSM/GPRS. A GSM
module, which is a remote modem, works with GSM remote system. The baud rate extends from 9600-115200
through AT summon. This is pertinent for SMS, Voice a Data move application in M2M interface. In this project we
use GSM Sim 900a. The advantage of this GSM model is sim cardholder and high-quality product.
Specifications
 Dual-Band GSM/GPRS
 Frequency Range 900/1800 MHz
 Modem RS232 Serial Interface
 Input voltage Range 4.5V to 12V
 Current Require less than 590mA
Figure 3 GSM Modem
3.4 PIR Sensor

PIR sensor is essentially made of Pyroelectric sensor, which detects infrared radiation level. PIR are mostly used to
discover whenever a person enters or leaves the area. Sensors either have three pin connections in most of them at the
top or bottom. The three pins functions for power, signal and ground. The power input is usually up to 5v. As PIR acts
as a digital output listening to the pin shows a high or a low output. This movement can be sensed by the high output in
the I/O pin. PIR sensor needs some warm up time to work effectively in its initial trial. Whenever the sensor detects the
presence of human in its sensing range it sends an output pulse to the controller.

Figure 4 Pin configuration of PIR sensor
Figure 5 PIR sensor
3.5 Pressure Sensor

Pressure sensor senses the pressure and coverts that into an analog electrical signal whose value depends on the
pressure applied. In our model we have used FSR-149AS (6mm die) pressure sensor. This sensor has two membranes,
which are divided by thin air gap kept by a spacer. First membrane consists of a PCB and second membrane has a
conductive ink. Whenever a pressure is applied on the sensor, the ink shorts the hints of the PCB, producing a
resistance proportional to the applied force. Self-adhesive sensor surface is one of its features and it can bear a load up
to 1kg (for the senor used in this model).
Figure 6 FSR-149AS pressure sensor

4. METHODOLOGY
4.1 Development of hardware
The hardware required for the proposed model comprising PIR sensor, pressure sensor, ARM processor and GSM
module was collected and was studied individually.
4.2 Testing of hardware

All the hardware components were individually tested to ensure its proper working condition
4.3 Development of software
The Arduino program as per the design criteria was developed.
4.4 Testing of Software

The hardware components were arranged as per the circuit diagram and all the necessary connections was established.
The supply was turned ON and the experiment was conducted.
The sensor once supplied with the required volts works as per their specifications. The PIR sensor if finds any
difference in the IR waves obtained in any of the slots sends a signal to the controller. Similarly, the resistance
produced by shorting of the ink in the PCB by the application of force sends a signal to the microcontroller. The
controller in turn sends it to GSM module by which an SMS will be received in the parent cell.
5. CONCLUSION
All the hardware required were tested individually and was connected according to the circuit diagram. Inputs were
given to the sensors and corresponding outputs were obtained. The response was sent to a mobile using GSM module.
The responses include the outputs from pressure sensor and PIR sensor This paper developed a child monitoring system
that can improve children’s safety. This paper enhances the safety of child in the absence of parents.
6. FUTURE SCOPE
The proposed model is a basic arrangement for child monitoring system. This model can be expanded using some
sensor which can check child health also and combine GPS technology for a wide variety of applications. Using GPS
technology, the exact position of a child can be tracked even if the child is outside the home premises or anywhere in
world. This can be helpful to track children if they are kidnapped, missing itself or any accident happened they track by
this system also applications in hospitals include tracking movements of newborn babies and aged patients.
References
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2777, 2017.
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AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY
Avinash Dikkar completed B.Tech degree in Mechanical Engineering from G.H. Raisoni College of Engineering and
M.Tech degrees in Mechatronics from Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. His research interest are robotics,
artificial intelligence, sensor, machine vision system, automation.
Pradeesh M, pursuing M.Tech in mechatronics from VIT Chennai. He completed his BE in mechanical engineering
under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi. His research interest are sensor networks, artificial
intelligence, machine vision system.
Subbulakshmi Padmanabhan, is an Engineering Manager at Stubhub, USA. She completed her BE in the
department of Computer Science and Engineering at Bharathiyar University. Her research interests are artificial
intelligence, electronic devices, communication systems, big data and cloud computing
Sumathi Vijayan, is an Associate Professor at VIT Chennai, India. She completed her B. Tech and M.E from Anna
University Chennai and PhD from VIT University, Vellore, India. Her research interests are artificial intelligence,
electronic devices, communication systems, big data, cloud computing, embedded systems and microcontrollers.

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IPASJ International Journal of Mechanical Engineering (IIJME)

Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJME/IIJME.htm

Smart Child Monitoring System

Avinash D1, Pradeesh M 2, Padmanabhan Subbulakshmi3, Vijayan Sumathi4

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 1

Figure 1 Block Diagram of the Proposed System

3. HARDWARE SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 Power Supply Unit

3.2 ARM Microcontroller

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 2

 DC Current for 3.3V Pin- 800mA

Figure 2 Microchip’s Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 Processor

3.3 GSM Modem

Figure 3 GSM Modem

3.4 PIR Sensor

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 3

Figure 4 Pin configuration of PIR sensor

Figure 5 PIR sensor

3.5 Pressure Sensor

Figure 6 FSR-149AS pressure sensor

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 4

4.2 Testing of hardware

4.4 Testing of Software

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 5

Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2018 Page 6

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