PQube 3 Instruction Manual - Revision 1.9

Power monitor
MI 4100
MI 4101
User’s manual
Version 1.0, Code no. 20 750 191
Distributor:
Mark on your equipment certifies that this equipment meets the requirements of the EU
(European Union) concerning safety and electromagnetic compatibility regulations.
Manufacturer:
METREL d.d.
Ljubljanska cesta 77
1354 Horjul
Slovenia
Web site: http://www.metrel.si

E-mail: metrel@metrel.si
© 2005 METREL
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means
without permission in writing from METREL.
Table of contents
Table of contents
1 Introduction to MI 4100 – Power monitor .................................................. 5

2 Safety and operational considerations...................................................... 6
2.1 Warnings ....................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Standards applied.......................................................................................... 7
3 Power monitor description and maintenance ........................................... 8
3.1 Front panel .................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Back panel..................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Replacing fuses ........................................................................................... 10
3.4 0,Cleaning ................................................................................................... 11
3.4 Cleaning ...................................................................................................... 11
3.5 Periodic calibration ...................................................................................... 11
3.6 Service......................................................................................................... 11
4 Installing Power monitor........................................................................... 12
4.1 Power monitor installation procedure .......................................................... 12
4.2 Use of external current and potential transformers...................................... 13
4.3 External fuses for voltage inputs and mains power supply .......................... 14
4.4 Troubleshooting installation problems ......................................................... 15
5 Power monitor manipulation .................................................................... 16
5.1 Description of measurement screens .......................................................... 16
5.2 Description of information screens .............................................................. 17
5.3 Description of configuration screens............................................................ 18
5.4 Using Power monitor digital inputs .............................................................. 20
5.5 Setting output mode..................................................................................... 21
5.6 Reinitializing Power monitor ........................................................................ 23
5.7 Manipulating Power monitor screens........................................................... 24
6 MODBUS communication ......................................................................... 25
6.1 Introduction to MODBUS protocol ............................................................... 25
6.2 Network communication .............................................................................. 25
6.3 RS-485 connection ...................................................................................... 26
6.4 More information about MODBUS network.................................................. 28
6.5 Using PC as a MODBUS controller ............................................................. 28
6.6 Troubleshooting communication problems .................................................. 29
7 Programming Power monitor ................................................................... 30
7.1 MODBUS register addresses ...................................................................... 30
7.2 Configuration and command registers ......................................................... 37
7.3 Programming considerations ....................................................................... 41
8 Technical specifications ........................................................................... 46
8.1 General........................................................................................................ 46
3
Table of contents
8.2 Measuring system........................................................................................ 46

8.3 Voltage ........................................................................................................ 47
8.4 Current......................................................................................................... 47
8.5 Frequency.................................................................................................... 48
8.6 Power (P, Q, S), total power (Pt, Qt, St) ...................................................... 48
8.7 Power factor, total power factor ................................................................... 48
8.8 Energy ......................................................................................................... 48
8.9 Total harmonic distortion, harmonics........................................................... 49
8.10 Digital inputs and relay outputs.................................................................... 50
8.11 RS 485 communication port ........................................................................ 50
4
MI4100/MI4101 – Power monitor
1 Introduction to MI4100/MI4101 – Power monitor

MI 4100/MI4101 – Power monitor is programmable 4-quadrant power and energy meter.
It is capable of replacing many separate measuring instruments, like ammeters,
voltmeters, power factor and power meters, energy counters, etc. The instrument
performs accurate power and energy measurements irrespective of voltage and current
harmonics, phase angles or power interruptions. The instrument can be used as a single
phase or 3-phase meter (star or delta connection).
Power monitor performs the following simultaneous measurements:

Accurate voltage, current, frequency and phase angle measurements,
4-quadrant power measurements, including per-phase/total power and power
factor measurements,
Voltage and current total harmonic distortion (THD) and harmonic components
measurements (up to 31st component),
Per-phase voltage and current crest factor measurement,
Active and reactive energy counting,
Additional current, power and energy measurements, like maximum current or
power inside integration period.
In addition to its durable body, easy installation and simple operation Power monitor also
boasts the following features:
Direct connection of current inputs to standard CTs with 5 A output reduces
problems related to wiring positioning and burden resistor selection,
Single instrument can be used in wide voltage range from 0 V to 500 V, this range
can be further extended with potential transformers,
LCD with 4x20 characters offers simultaneous display of different measured
values,
up to 42 days of active and reactive energy monitoring (integration period of 15
minutes),
RS 485 communication port compatible with industry-standard MODBUS protocol,
enables use of standard off-the-shelf software packages and connection to
standard controllers (RS 232 communication adapter for connection to a PC is
also available),
4 optically insulated digital inputs configurable as 40-bit counters (increments of
0.01 inc/imp ÷ 327.67 inc/imp), integration period synchronisation or tariff selectors
(2 or 4 tariffs),
2 digital outputs configurable as various alarms (voltage, current, active or reactive
power, frequency out of range), power demand control outputs or energy pulse
output.
Standard 96mm x 96mm panel case
Differences between devices:

Power monitor MI 4100 is not equipped with real time clock (RTC)
Power monitor MI 4101 has built in RTC
5
2 Safety and operational considerations

2.1 Warnings
Read and understand all warnings and cautions before using this product. This will
ensure your safety, as well as keep the test equipment undamaged. However, no
engineering design can render safe an instrument which is used carelessly. Therefore,
this manual must be read carefully and completely before making any measurements.
Failure to follow directions can result in a serious or fatal accident.
symbol on the instrument means »Read the Instruction manual with
special care«. The symbol requires an action!
Read this user manual carefully, otherwise use of the instrument may be
dangerous for the operator, for the instrument or for the equipment under test!
If the test equipment is used in a manner not specified in this user manual the
protection provided by the equipment may be impaired!
Do not use the test equipment and accessories if any damage is noticed!
Consider all generally known precautions in order to avoid risk of electric shock
while dealing with hazardous voltages!
Do not connect power supply cord to voltages higher than 260 V!
Do not connect relay outputs to voltages higher than 25 V!
Do not disassemble; risk of electric shock – service intervention or adjustment
procedure is allowed to be carried out only by a competent authorized person!
Use only standard or optional test accessories supplied by your distributor!
Use only fixing elements supplied with instrument, otherwise instrument may be
damaged and/or operator’s safety impaired!
Immediately disconnect from the power line and discontinue use if:
the unit is dropped or subjected to an impact in which the interior is exposed,
the unit emits a strange smell, excessive heat, or smoke.
Measurement specific warnings (applicable to all operations performed with

Power monitor):
Always protect Power monitor voltage inputs with appropriate fuses (see section
4.3 for more information).
Always disconnect Power monitor from mains supply when connecting voltage or
current measurement inputs to the power system.
Power monitor must be connected to voltage lines which are protected by fuses or
circuit breakers.
Maximum voltage between single phase and neutral input is 500 VRMS (only one
phase input is used). Maximum voltage between multiple phase inputs and neutral
is 320 VRMS (three phase power system).
Follow specification for maximum current loads.
Maximum voltage between current inputs and ground is 300 VRMS.
Caution:
It is recommended to short any unused measurement input using insulated jumper
wire (especially CT inputs), otherwise external noise may influence readings
(especially total power and energy).
6
2.2 Standards applied

The MI4100/MI4101 – Power monitor is manufactured and tested in accordance with the
following regulations:
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –
EN 61326 EMC requirements
Class A (Hand held equipment used in industrial EM environments)
Safety (LVD)
Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control,
EN 61010 - 1
and laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
Note about EN and IEC standards:

Text of this manual contains references to European standards. All standards of EN
6xxxx (e.g. EN 61010) series are equivalent to IEC standards with the same number (e.g.
IEC 61010) and differ only in amended parts required by European harmonization
procedure.
7
3 Power monitor description and maintenance

3.1 Front panel
2 3
Figure 3.1: Front panel
Legend:
1...........LCD with 4x20 characters. The backlight is automatically turned on whenever a
key is pressed.
2...........Confirmation key (ENTER). Use it to confirm option, to show information screen
(press and hold for 1 s) or to enter configuration menu (press and hold for 5 s).
3...........Arrow keys. Use ↑ and ↓ keys to select appropriate option. Use ← and → keys to
change parameters.
8
3.2 Back panel

Caution:
Follow connection diagrams shown on information label when connecting Power
monitor to the measured mains power supply.
Connect Power monitor to the power supply only after you connected the
instrument to the measured mains system. Use U, I, f screen (see section 5.1) to
verify the state of connection.
For connecting current inputs to the measured system use wire which insulation
withstands at least 85 °C.
3-phase 5 A current inputs 3-phase voltage inputs RS 485 communication port
2 relay outputs Configurable digital inputs Power supply input

Figure 3.2: Pin description for various Power monitor connectors
NC – Not connected
9
1 7
3 6
4 5
Figure 3.3: Back panel
Legend:
1...........3-phase 5 A current inputs.
Burden resistors are built into Power monitor.
2...........Information label with connection diagrams for various Power monitor ports.
3...........RS 485 communication port.
4...........2 relay outputs. Relay contacts are normally open (N.O.).
Maximum switching current is 1 A. Maximum switching voltage is 25 V.
5...........Configurable digital inputs.
Intended for use in SELV environment only (max. voltage 25 V)!
Not TTL compatible.
6...........Power supply input.
7...........3-phase voltage inputs (max. line-to-line voltage 500 V).
3.3 Replacing fuses

There aren’t any fuses inside Power monitor unit.
Warning:
Power monitor must be connected to voltage lines which are protected by
fuses or circuit breakers. See section 4.3 for information about protecting Power
monitor measurement inputs.
10
3.4 Cleaning
No special maintenance is required for the housing. To clean the surface of the
instrument use a soft cloth slightly moistened with soapy water or alcohol. Then leave the
instrument to dry totally before use.
Warnings:
Do not use liquids based on petrol or hydrocarbons!
Do not spill cleaning liquid over the instrument!
3.5 Periodic calibration

It is essential that the unit is regularly calibrated in order the technical specification listed
in this manual is guaranteed. We recommend an annual calibration. The calibration
should be done by an authorised technical person only. Please contact your dealer or
manufacturer for further information.
3.6 Service
Service intervention or adjustment procedure is allowed to be carried out only by a
competent authorized person. Unauthorised person is not allowed to open the Power
monitor unit. There are no user replaceable components inside the instrument.
For repairs under warranty, or at any other time, please contact your distributor.
11
4 Installing Power monitor

4.1 Power monitor installation procedure
Step Action
Make sure that the
instrument installation
position is away from
high current wires or bus
bars.
1 Insert screw adapter into
the holes in the side
cover of the instrument.
2 Tighten the adapter.
3 Screw the adapter into
step 3 position (e.g. into the
step 2 rack ...).
4 Repeat the above steps
step 1 with the second screw
adapter (opposite side of
the instrument).
Figure 4.1: Mounting Power monitor – use only supplied accessories!
Step Action
1 Mount the Power monitor.
2 Turn power off before connecting the instrument to current
transformers or making voltage connections.
Insert appropriate fuses into measurement and power supply cables (see
section 4.3)
3 Connect current lines to built-in current transformers (CTs).
Take care to orient the CTs correctly.
4 Jumper any unused CT inputs with an insulated shorting wire to minimise
noise influence on measurements.
5 Connect the voltage wires to the voltage measurement inputs.
Always start with the N wire.
6 Double check that the current measurement phases match voltage
measurement phases.
7 Jumper any unused voltage inputs with an insulated shorting wire to
minimise noise influence on measurements.
8 Connect relay output terminals to the monitoring equipment (if applicable).
9 Connect digital input/output port to the monitoring equipment (if
applicable).
10 Connect RS 485 port to the communication network (if applicable).
Verify polarisation voltage present on communication network before
connecting Power monitor. Make sure that it doesn’t exceed allowed limit.
11 Power on the instrument and start using it.
12
4.2 Use of external current and potential transformers

Power monitor can directly interface to external current transformers with 5 A output. The
instrument incorporates internal current transformer (5 A input current), together with
accompanying burden resistor. Such design enables easy connection of the Power
monitor to the measured power system, see figure below.
Figure 4.2: Basic connection of Power monitor to the star (WYE, 4-wire) power system
(left) and delta (3-wire) power system (right)
Any unused instrument CT or voltage input must be shorted with insulated jumper wire.
Pay special attention to the polarity of current phases – they need to match the polarity of
voltage phases. Power monitor will report incorrect power polarity otherwise.
If you need to extend Power monitor voltage measuring range, use appropriate voltage
transformers. The following figure presents typical voltage extension circuits.
Figure 4.3: Extending Power monitor voltage measuring range with voltage transformers;
star (WYE, 4-wire) connection (left), delta (3-wire) connection (right)
13
Use similar measures when connecting Power monitor using Aaron connection, see
figure below.
N L1
x A/5 A L2
L1
x A/5 A L3
L2
x A/5 A
L3
L1 N L3
Figure 4.4: Connecting Power monitor using Aaron connection (left), extending voltage
and current measuring range of Aaron connection (right)
Remember to set correct voltage and current transformation factors (see section 5.3).
Power monitor will report incorrect measurement results otherwise.
Warnings:
Output of external current transformer will produce dangerous voltages if left open
while current is flowing through primary winding. Do not disconnect external CT
output while it’s connected to the live circuit to prevent damage to the CT or
the operator!
Due to the high voltages involved, it is suggested that only licensed electrician
install and configure high voltage transformers. Voltage transformers have to be
rated to handle line voltages.
For connecting current inputs to the measured system use wire which insulation
withstands at least 85 °C.
4.3 External fuses for voltage inputs and mains power supply
It is necessary to protect Power monitor voltage inputs with external fuses or circuit
breakers. Several fuse connection diagrams are shown in Figure 4.2 and Figure 4.3.
Never insert a fuse into neutral (N) measuring wire.
We recommend using 1 A or smaller fuses/circuit breakers with appropriate voltage

ratings. Fuses/circuit breakers shall have 10 kA or larger interruption current rating.
It is also necessary to protect instrument power supply input with appropriate fuse. We
recommend using a fuse with nominal current rating of around 100 mA.
14
4.4 Troubleshooting installation problems

If Power monitor appears it doesn’t report the correct power, there are several things to
check:
Measure phase currents directly with current clamps and DMM (consider clamp
measuring range), or try to estimate the current from the load (if known). Next,
measure the current in the 5 A CT loop. This current should be proportional to the
transformer ratio of the CT.
Verify that the Power monitor is showing the same current as measured in the 5 A
CT loop. If this is not the case, verify current transformation factor set on Power
monitor (refer to section 5.3 for more information). If this factor is set correctly,
check the current harmonics.
Verify the system set on the Power monitor (3-wire, 4-wire or Aaron) – it should
match the one of connection scheme described in 4.2.
If all of these tests passes, and the Power monitor is still reporting incorrect power,
then you should verify that the CTs are wired to the correct phases and oriented to
match voltage phase orientations.
Verify that the Power monitor isn’t connected close to the high current wires or bus
bars where it can pick up stray magnetic fields which influence the readings.
15
5 Power monitor manipulation

5.1 Description of measurement screens
This section describes Power monitor measurement screens. Manipulation of
measurement screens is shown in section 5.7.
Screen presentation Purpose
U&I L1-N L2-N L3-N U, I, f screen LX - N*
V 226.2 226.3 226.2 Phase-neutral RMS voltages and phase RMS
A 4.140 4.200 4.204 currents.
Hz 49.98 L1 Frequency and synchronisation phase (SYNC? is
Uthd 2.2 2.3 2.2 displayed if frequency is out of measurement range).
Ithd 2.3 2.4 2.2 Voltage and current THDs (Uthd and Ithd
Ucf 1.39 1.40 1.39 respectively, --- is displayed if input signal is too low).
Icf 1.39 1.41 1.40 Voltage and current crest factors (Ucf and Icf
respectively, --- is displayed if input signal is too low).
U&I L1L2 L2L3 L1L3 U, I, f screen LX - LY
V 394.4 393.8 397.1 Phase-phase RMS voltages and currents.
A 134.4 134.5 134.4 Uthd, Ithd, Ucf, Icf interpretation depends from
Hz 50.02 L1 chosen connection type:
Uthd 1.7 1.5 1.7 o 4-wire: these values are referred to phase values
Ithd 1.9 1.7 1.8 o 3-wire: these values are referred from calculated
Ucf 1.39 1.40 1.39 phase values
Icf 1.40 1.41 1.40 o Aron: these values are referred to line to line
voltage values and line currents
HARMONICS U1 228.1 V Harmonics screen
thd: 2.3 h1:100.0 Phase-neutral RMS voltage or phase RMS current
h2: 0.1 h3: 0.0 (↑↑↑ for over-range, ↓↓↓.for under-range).
h4: 0.0 h5: 2.1 THD of phase voltage or current (whichever is
. . . . . . . . . . selected, U1 is presented in the figure on the left).
h30: 0.0 h31: 0.0 1st – 31st harmonic values of phase voltage or
current (whichever is selected).
POW L1-N L2-N L3-N Power screen LX - N*
W 774.0 774.1 774.0 Phase active powers.
V
A 942.0 948.0 942.0 Phase apparent powers.
V
AR 540.0 540.1 534.0 Phase reactive powers.
Pf 0.81i 0.82i 0.82i Phase power factors (--- is displayed if input signal
is too low).
POW TOTAL 4wire Total power screen
kW 27.73 IP=02/02m Total active, apparent and reactive power.
kVA 27.73 T=1 Integration period (IP, remaining time/total time).
kVAR 0.00 Pft 1.00 Active tariff (T).
Total power factor (Pft, --- is displayed if no signal
is present on measurement inputs).
Selected power system (4wire, 3wire or Aaron).
*
available only in 4-wire (star) connection.
16

ENERGY* Energy screen
00000063.87 kWh+ tot Total consumed and generated active energy
00000000.00 kWh- tot (kWh+tot and kWh-tot respectively).
00000042.81 kVARh+tot Total consumed and generated reactive energy
00000000.00 kVARh-tot (kVARh+tot and kVARh-tot respectively).
00000063.87 kWh+ T1 Consumed and generated active energy for each of
00000000.00 kWh- T1 tariffs (kWh+ Tx and kWh- Tx respectively, x denotes
00000042.81 kVARh+ T1 tariff).
00000000.00 kVARh- T1 Consumed and generated reactive energy for each of
. . . . . . . . . . tariffs (kVARh+ Tx and kVARh- Tx respectively, x
00000000.00 kVARh- T4 denotes tariff, only parameters for the 1st tariff are
shown in figure on the left).
IPmax/IPlast/Count.* IP/Count screen
000000.910 kWh+ max Maximal consumed active energy during one
000000.074 kVARh+max integration period (kWh+ max).
000000.910 kWh+ lst Maximal consumed reactive energy during one
000000.000 kVARh+lst integration period (kVARh+ max).
40.24 A I1max Consumed active energy during last integration
40.26 A I2max period (kWh+ lst).
40.24 A I3max Consumed reactive energy during last integration
00000000.00 imp.cnt1 period (kVARh+ lst).
00000000.00 imp.cnt2 Maximum phase currents from the last reset of the
energy counters (I1max, I2max, I3max).
Counted impulses on inputs 1 and 2 (imp.cnt1 and
imp.cnt2 respectively).
*
Screens rows depend on instrument configuration (Tariffs & Recorder). In example, if two
tariffs mode is chosen, on energy screen only data for them two appear.
5.2 Description of information screens

Configuration can be quickly reviewed without the need to enter configuration menu. Just
press and hold ENTER key for 1 s in any measurement screen (automatic return to
measurement screen after 5 s). When instrument information screen is displayed use ←
and → keys to browse through instrument settings (descriptions and abbreviations have
the same meaning as in corresponding configuration screens described in section 5.7).
Meter Communication
Instrument information information
information IP information
Calibration Counter
and RTC info* information
Output 1
Recorder Output status Output 2 information
information information information
*
RTC info is valid only for MI 4101
Figure 5.1: Circling through Power monitor information screens
17
5.3 Description of configuration screens

This section describes Power monitor configuration screens. To enter configuration press
and hold ENTER key for 5 s in any measurement screen. Use ↑ and ↓ keys to select
appropriate option in any configuration menu. Press ENTER key to enter selected
configuration option. Use ← and → keys to change the value of particular setting or
activate the option (like clearing energy counters). Press ENTER to confirm settings and
return to previous menu level.
Notes:
When adjusting settings press and hold ← or → key for fast rewind.
Select Exit in main configuration menu and confirm with ENTER to return to
measurement screens. Power monitor automatically returns from configuration
menu after 1 minute of inactivity.
Configuration screen Purpose

Volt.range: 280 V Meter screen
Voltage TF: 1 Voltage range (Volt.range, 140 V, 280 V or
Current TF: 100/5A 500 V).
Connection: 4wire Voltage transformation factor (Voltage TF,
selected in increments of 1 ).
Current transformation factor (Current TF,
selected in increments of 5 regarding to 5A
secundar current).
Star (WYE), delta or Aaron connection selection
(Connection: 4wire, 3wire and Aaron respectively).
Comm.stat: MODBUS Communication
Comm.mode: none/1st Activating communication (Comm.stat, select
Net.addr.: 1 MODBUS to enable communication over
Baud.rate: 19200 MODBUS network, PC-LINK to enable proprietary
communication with PC or OFF to temporarily
disconnect the instrument from MODBUS
network).
Communication mode (Comm.mode, choose
between different settings of parity – even, none,
and number of stop bits – 1 or 2).
MODBUS network address (Net.addr., addresses
between 1 and 247 can be selected).
Communication speed (Baud.rate, available
speeds are 4800 bps, 9600 bps, 19200 bps,
38400 bps and 57600 bps).
Energy tariffs: 2 Inputs
(input4) Number of energy tariffs (Energy tariffs, select 2
IPsync.:inter.timer or 4, tariff-selection inputs are also displayed).
IPlength: 02 min. Source of integration period synchronisation
(IPsync, select between internal timer, input 2,
input 3 or remote).
Integration period length (IPlength, set IP length
between 1 and 60 minutes).
18

Count.1 stat: RUN Counters
inc/imp: 0.01 Counter inputs states (Count1. stat, Count2. stat,
Count.2 stat: STOP select RUN to enable particular counter input).
inc/imp: 0.01 Both counters are circular.
Increments per impulse setting for each counter
independently (inc/imp, set between 0.01 and
327.67).
Out1 mode: alarm >> Output 1, Output 2
Ref.inp.: Ptot+ Output mode (Out1 mode, Out2 mode, select
Ref.val.: 200.0 W between ON, OFF, alarm if higher than, alarm if
Delay: 01 s lower than, pulsating output, power demand
signalisation), sample output 1 screen is shown on
the left.
Available options depend on selected output
mode as described in section 5.5.
Clr.energy cnt. Registers
Clr.IP max. Select Clr.energy cnt. and press → to clear all
Clr.counters energy counters.
Clr.rec.data Select Clr.IP max. and press → to clear all values
in IP/Count screen (except counters 1 and 2).
Select Clr.counters and press → to clear counters
1 and 2 in IP/Count screen.
Select Clr.rec.data and press → to clear energy
recorders.
Password DISABLED System
Change password Enable/disable password.
Reinit Change password if enabled, each password
Adjust DATE/TIME consists of 4 arbitrary keypress. Use all available
Power monitor keys to define password. Even 2-
key combinations are possible (like ENTER+↑).
Use ↑↑↑↑ password, for enabling instrument
password for the first time.
Reinitialize Power monitor to default settings.
Set Power monitor date/time.
Record.stat: RUN Recorder
Rec.activ.enr: eP+ Start/stop energy recorder (Record.stat).
Rec.react.enr: eQ+ Type of recorded active energy (Rec.activ.enr,
FreeLapRec: 4035 select eP+ for recording consumed active energy,
eP- for generated active energy and eP+/- for
simultaneous recording of both types of active
energy), readable from circular buffer.
Type of recorded reactive energy (Rec.react.enr,
select eQ+ for recording consumed reactive
energy, eQ- for generated reactive energy and
eQ+/- for simultaneous recording of both types of
reactive energies), readable from circular buffer.
Number of available records (FreeLapRec) in
circular buffer depends on selected type of
recorded active and/or reactive energy.
19
Notes:
Each device on MODBUS network must be assigned different network address.
Otherwise data on the network will be corrupted and communication will fail. Refer
to section 6 for more information.
Input 3 is available as an IP synchronisation source only if 2-tariff system is
selected (it is used as a tariff selector in 4-tariff system).
Integration period can be set to match specific standards or as a convenient filter
for short term fluctuations in input power, as required.
It is possible to select from 1 to 4 different energy types for recording. Energy is
recorded in circular buffer (see section 7 for register addresses and programming
considerations). Number of possible records ranges from 1614 (all 4 energy types
selected) to 4035 (only one energy type selected for recording). If integration
period of 15 minutes is selected, this corresponds to 42 days (1 energy type), 28
days (2 energy types), 21 days (3 energy types) and 16 days (all 4 energy types
selected).
Because energy recording buffers are circular they hold accumulated results for
the last 16 to 42 days, depending on number of selected energy types for
recording.
MI4100 is not equipped with real time clock (RTC). After power-up date and tme
are set to 01. 01. 2005 00:00:00. Optionally its clock can be set via MODBUS
interface. Refer to section 7.3 for details. Once clock is set, instrument preserves
set time/date until power supply is switched off.
5.4 Using Power monitor digital inputs

Power monitor includes 4 digital inputs which are used as:
Tariff selection (input 3 and input 4);
Source of integration period synchronization (input 2 or input 3);
Two independent counters of externally generated impulses, e.g. for counting
energy, flow or items (input 1 and input 2).
Each input can only be used for one operation at a time. For instance, if you select 4-tariff
system, you can’t use input 3 as a source for IP synchronization as it is used as tariff
selector (together with input 4).
Tariff selection
Input 3 Input 4 2-tariff system 4-tariff system
0 0 1st tariff 1st tariff
0 1 2nd tariff 2nd tariff
1 0 1st tariff 3rd tariff
1 1 2nd tariff 4th tariff
Please note that only input 4 is used for tariff selection in 2-tariff system. Continuous
voltage has to be present for each selected input, otherwise Power monitor sets the 1st
tariff (both input states are treated as 0). 0 means that the voltage between any input (+)
and COMM (-) is 0 V. 1 means there is a voltage in the range between 6 V to 25 V
between any input (+) and COMM (-).
20
Integration Period (IP) synchronization

When Power monitor IP synchronization source is set to either input 2 or input 3, the user
has to provide external pulse for the start of new energy integration period. Refer to
section 8.10 for pulse characteristics.
Counting externally generated impulses

Power monitor includes two independent counters for counting externally generated
impulses. Each counter is incremented after HI-to-LO transition on the belonging input.
Pulse width has to be at least 50 ms. Increment step can be set from 0.01 inc/imp to
327.67 inc/imp (see section 5.3 for more information). The meaning of each counter value
is application dependent and has to be interpreted by the user.
Caution:
Power monitor digital inputs are not TTL compatible!
Maximum input voltage is 25 V.
Maximum cable length is up to 100 m. The length is limited by induced voltage on
the line. Functioning of each digital input will be impaired if induced voltage
exceeds voltage threshold level. Digital input may be damaged if induced voltage
exceeds 25 V!
Keep cables away from high voltage lines and measure induced voltages before
connecting cables to Power monitor!
5.5 Setting output mode

Power monitor includes 2 relays which are used as signalling outputs when predefined
value is reached or predicted power demand exceeds preset value:
Output always on or off.
IP power demand signalisation, output relay is closed if power demand is lower
than preset value (normal state). Relay goes into open state if predicted IP power
demand is higher than preset value (0.05 kWh to 1.67 MWh).
Pulse output, output relay is closed for approximately 50 ms whenever predefined
energy value is reached.
Alarm signalisation, output relay is closed when observed value is lower or greater
then preset value.
Caution:
Connection power is set for each output independently. Power monitor checks
power on each input every minute. Power monitor will disconnect only one load if
calculation shows this is adequate (output 1 has priority). The same is true when
the possibility to reconnect any of the loads is evaluated.
Power monitor relays can’t switch loads connected to mains power supply
directly – use appropriate interface circuit if such operation is needed.
Consider maximum switching current and voltage ratings.
Pay special attention when switching inductive loads to prevent damage caused by
disconnected-state energy accumulated in the load.
Cable length is limited only by the induced voltage. Relay output may be damaged
if induced voltage exceeds 25 V!
Keep cables away from high voltage lines and measure induced voltages before
connecting cables to Power monitor!
21
It is possible to select different output modes for each output (1 or 2) independently:
Mode Description Available options

ON Output is always activated. None.
OFF Output is always disabled. None.
alarm >> Alarm is signalled if reference ref.inp. Reference quantity for which the
quantity (ref.inp.) is equal or alarm is signalled (see table
higher than preset value. below).
Output relay is closed for as ref.val. Alarm threshold value (minimum).
long as such condition lasts Minimum condition time (1 s to 12
or for minimum condition time Delay s).
(Delay).
alarm << Alarm is signalled if reference ref.inp. Reference quantity for which the
quantity (ref.inp.) is equal or alarm is signalled (see table
lower than preset value. below).
Output relay is closed for as ref.val. Alarm threshold value (maximum).
long as such condition lasts Minimum condition time (1 s to 12
or for minimum condition time Delay s).
(Delay).
puls.out Output relay is closed for Ref.imp. Reference quantity input, always
approx. 50 ms whenever Ptot+ (total consumed active
predefined energy value is power).
reached. Puls.wgt. Predefined energy value (amount
per pulse), set in 50 Wh
increments, press and hold ← or
→ key for fast rewind.
pwr.dem. Output relay is closed if Ref.imp. Reference quantity input, always
power demand is lower than Ptot+ (total consumed active
preset value (normal state). power).
Relay goes into open state if Con.pwr1 Connection power, the output is
predicted IP (integrating reconnected if predicted power is
period) power demand is lower than this value.
higher than preset value. MaxIPpwr Maximum integration period
power. Output is disconnected if
predicted power demand exceeds
this value. Calculation is
performed each minute.
Reference quantity for alarms Description

Ptot+ Total consumed active power.
Qtot+ Total consumed reactive power.
I1 First phase RMS current.
Ix Any phase RMS current (I1 or I2 or I3).
U1 First phase RMS voltage.
Ux Any phase RMS voltage (U1 or U2 or U3).
Freq Frequency.
22
5.6 Reinitializing Power monitor

Power monitor offers an option for reinitializing to factory defaults.
Parameter Sub-parameter Factory default value

Meter Voltage range 280 V
Voltage transformation factor 1
Current transformation factor 5 A/5 A
Inputs IP synchronisation Internal
IP length 15 minutes
No. of tariffs 2
Output 1, output 2 Output 1 mode OFF
Output 2 mode OFF
Communication state OFF
Communication Communication status MODBUS
parameters Communication mode none parity, 1 stop bit
MODBUS network address 1
Communication speed 19200 bps
Alarm values Pt+/Qt+ 50 W/50 VAr
U1/Ux 50 V
I1/Ix 0.5 A
Frequency 50 Hz
Minimum condition time 1s
Predefined energy for puls.out 50 Wh
Connection power 50 W
Maximum IP power 1 kW
Counters Counter 1 STOP
Counter 2 STOP
Counter increments per impulse 0.01
Recorder Recorder status STOP
Selected energy eP+
23
5.7 Manipulating Power monitor screens
U1 U2 U3 U, I, f
screen
I1 I2 I3 LX - LY
Press and hold ↑ Press and hold ↑
or ↓ key for 1 s or ↓ key for 2 s
→ Harmonics → U, I, f → Power → Total → Energy → IP/Count →

screens screen screen power screen screen
← ← LX - N ← LX - N ← screen ← ← ←
Press and hold Automatically after Select Exit and

ENTER key for 1 s 5 s of inactivity Press and hold ENTER key for 5 s confirm with ENTER
(password required if enabled)
Instrument info Configuration screens
screens
Use ↑ and ↓ keys to select menu items, ENTER key confirms settings and
Use ← and → keys confirm selection with ENTER key returns to Configuration screen
*
Instrument info Calibration & RTC Meter Output 2
Meter Recorder Communication Registers Note:

Use ↑ and ↓ keys
Communication Output status Inputs System to scroll display in
any of screens.
↑ key scrolls
IP information Output 2 Counters Recorder display upwards.
↓ key scrolls
Counters Output 1 Output 1 Exit display
downwards.
*
Real time clock info – valid only for MI 4101
24
6 MODBUS communication
6.1 Introduction to MODBUS protocol
MODBUS communication protocol was designed by Modicon at the end of 1970s. It is
widely accepted communication protocol in industry, allowing commonly available means
of connecting almost many industrial electronic devices. Beside measurements reading,
protocol allows administration of devices across the network. Standard is published by
Modbus-IDA group and it is available at www.modbus.org. It is also widely supported by
many SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems and other software,
including Labview, PLC control software, etc.
The MODBUS serial line protocol is a master-slaves protocol. Only one master (at the
same time) is connected to the bus, and one or several (max. 247) slaves nodes are also
connected to the same serial bus. The master always initiates a MODBUS
communication. The slave nodes will never transmit data without receiving a request from
the master node. The slave nodes will never communicate with each other. The master
node initiates only one MODBUS transaction at the same time.
Notes:
MODBUS application protocol corresponds to OSI model level 7, providing
client/server communication between devices connected on buses or networks.
On MODBUS serial line the client role is provided by the master of the serial bus
and the slave nodes act as servers.
The master always addresses one or all slaves (the master doesn’t have an address).
The master can address each slave individually (unicast mode). Such conversation
consists of request from the master and reply from the slave. The master can also
address all slaves at the same time (broadcast mode). Slaves don’t reply to such
messages. An address of ‘0’ is used in such case.
Power monitor use RTU serial transmission mode with CRC (cyclic redundancy check)
error detection.
6.2 Network communication

Once connected and powered up, Power monitor is ready to communicate with other
devices. Assure that communication is enabled and properly configured (refer to section
5.3 for more information).
Power monitor provides serial communication interface to other systems connected on

MODBUS network. This allows remote reading and configuring of the meter by a
MODBUS controller (like PC or PLC equipped with control program and RS-485 driver).
RS-485 communication port is located at the back of Power monitor (see figure 3.2).
The communication protocol is a subset of MODBUS, thus enabling use of standard

commercial software packages and connection to standard controllers.
25
Power monitor sends and receives data in fixed format over the network. Data byte is
binary coded and transmitted with least-significant bit first. User can select transmission
with even or no parity bit added, and with 1 or 2 stop bits (the later is available only if
none parity is selected).
The baud rate is programmable as 4800 bps, 9600 bps, 19200 bps (default), 38400 bps
or 57600 bps (refer to section 5.3 for more information).
Notes:
Each device on MODBUS network must be assigned a unique address between 1
and 247. If two or more devices on the same network have the same addresses,
the communication will fail.
It is a good practice to maintain a database of MODBUS devices, their connections
and addresses.
All devices connected MODBUS network must have the same communication
speed selected, otherwise data will be corrupted and communication not possible.
Maximum data transfer rate depends on network distance and electrical noise
present in the network. Try to decrease communication speed if you encounter
communication problems.
6.3 RS-485 connection

Power monitor enables connection to the MODBUS network where up to 32 other
devices are already installed. Single pair of wires is used for connection (2-wire
connection system). It is recommended to use screened twisted-pair cable to minimize
noise-related signal errors. The cable screen must be connected to the connector
housing (e.g. ground) at one side only (preferably at the controller). Additionally, use 3rd
wire to connect the common (0 V) at each unit for optimum performance. Maximum
distance for reliable communication is 1000 m (baud rate 9600 bps, AWG26 gauge).
RJ45 D-shell Description

pin pin
4 5 Transceiver terminal 1,
V1>V0 → ‘1’, OFF
5 9 Transceiver terminal 0,
V0>V1 → ‘0’, ON
8 1 Signal and power
supply common
Figure 6.1: RJ45 and D-shell 9-pin

connector layouts for minimum 2-wire
MODBUS connection
Warning:
4-pairs crossed CAT 5/6 cable may cause system damage in 2-wire MODBUS
system (see MODBUS specification).
26
Notes:
Power monitor connector pins are described in Figure 3.2.
Often it is necessary to install repeaters in MODBUS network where more than 32
devices are installed (up to 247 maximum) or where total connection distance
exceeds 1000 m.
Derivates must be short, never more than 20 m – never connect line termination
resistor to derivate.
It is possible to interconnect 2-wire and 4-wire devices, see MODBUS specification
for more information.
RS-485 requires line termination with two 150 Ω/0.5 W resistors to reduce line reflections,
see figure below. 100 Ω resistors can be used instead of 150 Ω (resistor value should be
equal to characteristic cable impedance). Install one resistor at the controller input/output
buffer and the other at the buffer of the most remote device (at each extremity of the trunk
cable).
D1
150 Ω 150 Ω
D0
Common*
Controller
Remote unit 1 Remote unit 2 Last remote unit
* - recommended connection to minimize noise influence
Figure 6.2: Terminating RS-485 communication network
A better solution for line termination is to use a serial capacitor of 1 nF (10 V min.) with
120 Ω/0.25 W resistor. This solution is preferred when communication line has to be
polarised.
RS485 uses half duplex mode for communication. Electrical operation in receive mode:
D0 line is pulled up by weak “1” (+5 V and 10 kΩ resistor).
D1 line is pulled down by weak “0” (0 V and 10 kΩ resistor).
It is assumed that lines are driven by other sources. Pull-up resistors are built-
in only to prevent random signals at input (false detections due to high induced
voltage on connected cables may still occur).
D0 and D1 lines are driven by 60 mA to +5 V or 0 V in transmit mode. Electrical model of

Power monitor RS-485 port is shown in the figure below.
27
+5V
10k
Iout D0
D1
10k
RS-485
Iout max=60mA@5V
Figure 6.3 – Electrical model of Power monitor RS-485 port
Each device can be connected to MODBUS network:

either directly on the trunk cable, forming a daisy-chain,
either on a passive tap with a derivation cable,
either on an active tap with a specific cable.
6.4 More information about MODBUS network

Please visit web page http://www.modbus.org for more information about MODBUS
network, including hardware and software specifications (downloadable as documents in
PDF format).
6.5 Using PC as a MODBUS controller

It is possible to use standard PC, equipped with suitable program, as a MODBUS
controller. Additionally, PC must be equipped with an RS-485 driver (or converter)
capable of operation in two-wire mode (a.k.a. half duplex mode).
Handling half duplex communication with a PC usually requires software control of data
direction. This can prove to be a problem under some operating systems like Windows
(high speed communication is required). Contact your software vendor for additional
information if you encounter communication problems.
RS-232 or USB to RS-485 converters are available for standard PCs. They handle data
direction control automatically. Power monitor is tested with Nudam converters models:
ND-6520 (RS-232 to RS-485) and ND-6530 (USB to RS-485).
28
6.6 Troubleshooting communication problems

If Power monitor appears it doesn’t communicate with the controller, there are several
things to check:
Verify that communication is enabled on the instrument (refer to section 5.3).
Verify that the communication mode (parity, number of stop bits) is properly set at
master and all slaves side (refer to section 5.3).
Verify the instrument address; every instrument connected to the bus should have
own unique MODBUS address (for setting instrument network address see section
5.3 and 6.2).
Examine the interconnection cable; its lines should be properly connected.
Check that termination resistors are properly installed and of correct values (see
section 6.3 for recommendations and setup of termination resistors).
Verify that the controller is properly set-up; consult its user manual. If you’re using
a PC as a MODBUS controller, verify that communication hardware is properly
installed and working, consult the user manual that came with communication card
or adapter.
Try to establish a network connection with another device on the same MODBUS
network. If it’s working, the problem is likely linked to the set-up of Power monitor
and communication program you’re using. If it’s not working, try to remove Power
monitor from the network and try again. If the other device is still not
communicating with the controller, you should examine network and controller set-
up.
Check that you’ve entered correct register addresses if you’re using commercial
off-the-shelf software package (see section 7.1 for a list of network addresses).
Disconnect RS-485 connector and turn on instrument. Measure polarisation (d.c.)
voltages present on a MODBUS network between D0 and D1 lines, and both lines
toward COM; they should be lower than 5 V d.c. If this is not the case and you’ve
connected the instrument to the network already, it’s likely that the Power monitor
communication port is damaged. Send it to your distributor or manufacturer for
repair.
If communication errors continuously appear or control software receive a lots of
“corrupted” packets, the network noise could be the problem. Try to locate the
noise source and remove the cabling from it. Lower communication speed. If none
of this is possible, try to link the devices on the network with the COM wire.
Make sure that the number of devices on a MODBUS network doesn’t exceed
maximum allowed (32 for the standard version of Power monitor).
Verify that a MODBUS network length doesn’t exceed maximum allowed. If
derivates are installed in the network, verify that they conform to MODBUS
requirements (see section 6.3 for more information).
29
7 Programming Power monitor

7.1 MODBUS register addresses
System and configuration registers, start address 0000h.
Register address Mode Data format Data type Register name
dec hex
00000 0000 R/W word binary Command register (see 7.2)
00001 0001 R/W word binary Main configuration flags (see 7.2)
00002 0002 R/W word binary Voltage transformation factor
00003 0003 R/W word binary Current transformation factor
00004 0004 R/W word binary Digital inputs configuration (see 7.2)
00005 0005 R/W word binary Digital output 1 configuration (see 7.2)
00006 0006 R/W word binary Digital output 2 configuration (see 7.2)
00007 0007 R word binary Digital input/output status (see 7.2)
00008 0008 R/W word binary IP synchronization time (see 7.3)
st
00009 0009 R word binary Position of 1 selected record
00010 000A R/W word binary Recorder configuration (see 7.2)
00011 000B R/W word binary Counter 1 increment value
00012 000C R/W word binary Counter 2 increment value
1
00013 000D R/W lo word
1 binary Output 1 alarm/pulse output parameters
00014 000E R/W hi word
00015 000F R/W word binary Output 1 timer
1
00016 0010 R/W lo word Output 2 alarm/pulse output parameters
1 binary
00017 0011 R/W hi word (see 7.2)
00018 0012 R/W word binary Output 2 timer
1
00019 0013 R/W lo word Power demand reference parameters
1 binary
00020 0014 R/W hi word (maximum IP power)
00021 0015 R word binary Serial I/O configuration (see 7.2)
00022 0016 R word binary Slave network address
00023 0017 R word binary Status flags (see 7.2)
00024 0018 R word binary Maximum possible number of records
st 3
00025 0019 R/W word binary No. of 1 selected record for reading
2 st
00026 001A R/W 1 word
2 nd Power monitor real time and date (see
00027 001B R/W 2 word binary
2 rd 7.3)
00028 001C R/W 3 word
30
Instrument information registers, start address 0080h.

dec hex
00128 0080 R
R 16 bytes ASCII Manufacturer
00135 0087 R
00136 0088 R
R 16 bytes ASCII Instrument model
00143 008F R
00144 0090 R
R 8 bytes ASCII Instrument type number
00147 0093 R
00148 0094 R
R 6 bytes ASCII Firmware version
00150 0096 R
00151 0097 R 2 bytes ASCII Hardware ID
00152 0098 R
R 8 bytes ASCII Serial number
00155 009B R
2
00156 009C R/W
2
R/W 6 bytes binary Calibration date (see 7.3)
2
00158 009E R/W
00159 009F R lo word Run-time (hours), elapsed time from
binary
00160 00A0 R hi word power-on of the instrument
Meter output registers, start address 0100h, all values are in binary format.
Register address Mode Data format Multiplication Unit Register name
dec hex factor
00256 0100 R lo word
0.1 W Total active power
00257 0101 R hi word
00258 0102 R lo word
0.1 VA Total apparent power
00259 0103 R hi word
00260 0104 R lo word
0.1 VAr Total reactive power
00261 0105 R hi word
00262 0106 R word 0.01 / Total power factor (see 7.2)
00263 0107 R word 0.01 Hz Frequency
Start address 0108h, all values are in binary format.

dec hex factor
00264 0108 R lo word
0.1 V L1-N voltage
00265 0109 R hi word
00266 010A R word 0.01 / L1-N voltage crest factor
00267 010B R lo word
0.001 A L1 current
00268 010C R hi word
00269 010D R word 0.01 / L1 current crest factor
00270 010E R lo word
0.1 W L1 active power
00271 010F R hi word
00272 0110 R lo word
0.1 VA L1 apparent power
00273 0111 R hi word
00274 0112 R lo word
0.1 VAr L1 reactive power
00275 0113 R hi word
00276 0114 R word 0.01 / L1 power factor (see 7.2)
00277 0115 R lo word
0.1 V L1-L2 voltage
00278 0116 R hi word
31

dec hex factor
00279 0117 R lo word
0.1 V L2-N voltage
00280 0118 R hi word
00281 0119 R word 0.01 / L2-N voltage crest factor
00282 011A R lo word
0.001 A L2 current
00283 011B R hi word
00284 011C R word 0.01 / L2 current crest factor
00285 011D R lo word
00286 011E R hi word
00287 011F R lo word
00288 0120 R hi word
00289 0121 R lo word
00290 0122 R hi word
00292 0124 R lo word
0.1 V L2-L3 voltage
00293 0125 R hi word

dec hex factor
00294 0126 R lo word
0.1 V L3-N voltage
00295 0127 R hi word
00296 0128 R word 0.01 / L3-N voltage crest factor
00297 0129 R lo word
0.001 A L3 current
00298 012A R hi word
00299 012B R word 0.01 / L3 current crest factor
00300 012C R lo word
00301 012D R hi word
00304 0130 R lo word
00305 0131 R hi word
00307 0133 R lo word
0.1 V L3-L1 voltage
00308 0134 R hi word
00309 0135 / / / / Reserved
00310 0136 / / / / Reserved
32

dec hex factor
00311 0137 R lo word Max. IP active consumed
1 Wh
00312 0138 R hi word energy
00313 0139 R lo word Max. IP active generated
1 Wh
00314 013A R hi word energy
00315 013B R lo word Max. IP reactive consumed
1 VArh
00316 013C R hi word energy
00317 013D R lo word Max. IP reactive generated
1 VArh
00318 013E R hi word energy
00319 013F R lo word Last IP active consumed
1 Wh
00321 0141 R lo word Last IP active generated
1 Wh
00323 0143 R lo word Last IP reactive consumed
1 VArh
00325 0145 R lo word Last IP reactive generated
1 VArh
00327 0147 R lo word
0.001 A Max. IP L1 current
00328 0148 R hi word
00329 0149 R lo word
00333 014D / / / / Reserved
00334 014E / / / / Reserved
00335 014F / / / / Reserved

dec hex factor
00336 0150 R lo word
Total active consumed
00337 0151 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00338 0152 R hi word
00339 0153 R lo word
Total active generated
00340 0154 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00341 0155 R hi word
00342 0156 R lo word
Total reactive consumed
00343 0157 R md word 1 VArh
energy
00344 0158 R hi word
00345 0159 R lo word
Total reactive generated
00346 015A R md word 1 VArh
energy
Tariff 1 active consumed
00349 015D R md word 1 Wh
energy
Tariff 1 active generated
00352 0160 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00353 0161 R hi word
00354 0162 R lo word
Tariff 1 reactive consumed
energy
00356 0164 R hi word
00357 0165 R lo word
Tariff 1 reactive generated
energy
00359 0167 R hi word
33

dec hex factor
00360 0168 R lo word
Tarrif2 active consumed
00361 0169 R md word 1 Wh
energy
Tarrif2 active generated
00364 016C R md word 1 Wh
energy
00365 016D R hi word
Tarrif2 reactive consumed
00367 016F R md word 1 VArh
energy
00368 0170 R hi word
00369 0171 R lo word
energy
00371 0173 R hi word
00372 0174 R lo word
00373 0175 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00374 0176 R hi word
00375 0177 R lo word
00376 0178 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00377 0179 R hi word
00378 017A R lo word
00379 017B R md word 1 VArh
energy
00381 017D R lo word
00382 017E R md word 1 VArh
energy
00384 0180 R lo word
00385 0181 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00386 0182 R hi word
00387 0183 R lo word
00388 0184 R md word 1 Wh
energy
00389 0185 R hi word
00390 0186 R lo word
energy
00392 0188 R hi word
00393 0189 R lo word
00394 018A R md word 1 VArh
energy
00397 018D R md word 1 / Input counter 1
00400 0190 R md word 1 / Input counter 2
00401 0191 R hi word

dec hex factor
00402 0192 R word 0.1 % L1 voltage THD
00403 0193 R word 0.1 % L1 current THD
34
Harmonics output registers, start address 0200h, all values are in binary format.
dec hex factor
st
00513 0201 R word 0.1 % L1 voltage, 1 harmonic
nd
rd
th
R n harmonic address:
513 + (n – 1)
st
00543 021F R word 0.1 % L1 voltage, 31 harmonic

dec hex factor
st
00545 0221 R word 0.1 % L1 current, 1 harmonic
nd
rd
th
545 + (n – 1)
st
00575 023F R word 0.1 % L1 current, 31 harmonic

dec hex factor
st
nd
rd
th
577 + (n – 1)
st

dec hex factor
st
nd
rd
th
609 + (n – 1)
st
00639 027F R word 0.1 % L2 current, 31 harmonic

dec hex factor
st
nd
rd
th
641 + (n – 1)
st
35
Start address 02A0h, all values are in binary format.

dec hex factor
00672 02A0 R word 0.1 % L3 current THD
st
00673 02A1 R word 0.1 % L3 current, 1 harmonic
nd
rd
th
673 + (n – 1)
st
00703 02BF R word 0.1 % L3 current, 31 harmonic
3
Energy recorder output registers , start address 0300h.
dec hex
00768 0300 R lo word st
binary 1 selected record for read
00769 0301 R hi word
th
R n lo word: 768 + 2 × (n-1)
binary th
R n hi word: 768 + 2 × (n-1) + 1
00814 032E R lo word th
binary 24 record selected for read
1
Values are written only if low word precedes high word.
2
Write with cmd.16 only (MODBUS command 16 – write multiple regs.).
3
Temporary recorder memory registers for 24 records. First record is defined in register 00025 / 0019h
st
(number of 1 selected record). Refer to section 7.3 for more information about recorder data format.
36
7.2 Configuration and command registers

Command register, address 0000h (00000 decimal)
Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x x
Clear IP max.
Clear energy
Clear energy
Clear input
Remote IP
Command
counters
counters
recorder
records
status
sync.
To execute any command first set appropriate bit(s) to “1” using MODBUS command 06. Command(s) are
executed after bit 7 (command status) is set to “1”. After the completion of requested action(s), Power
monitor sets appropriate bit(s) to “0”.
Main configuration flags, address 0001h (00001 decimal)

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x
Recorder status
Communication
Voltage range
Password
Connect.
status
type
Connection type Recorder status Password Voltage range

Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 5 Description Bit 4 Description Bit 1 Bit 0 Description
0 0 4-wire 0 Stopped 0 Disabled 0 0 500 V
1 0 3-wire 1 Running 1 Enabled 0 1 280 V
1 1 Aaron 1 0 140 V
Communication status
Bit 3 Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled
Digital inputs configuration, address 0004h (00004 decimal)

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x x x
Tariffs
IP synchronization
source
IP synchronization source Tariffs – see to section 5.4 for tariff selection

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Description Bit 0 Description
0 0 0 1 Timer + digital input 2 0 2 tariffs
0 0 1 0 Timer + digital input 3 1 4 tariffs
0 1 0 0 Timer only
1 0 0 0 Timer + remote
37
Digital output 1 configuration, address 0005h (00005 decimal)

Digital output 2 configuration, address 0006h (00006 decimal)
Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x Digital output configuration
Digital output configuration – part 1

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Description Hex.
0 0 0 0 x x x x OFF 0xh
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 alarm >> Pt+ 10h
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 alarm >> Qt+ 11h
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 alarm >> I1 12h
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 alarm >> Ix 13h
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 alarm >> U1 14h
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 alarm >> Ux 15h
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 alarm >> freq 16h
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 alarm << Pt+ 20h
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 alarm << Qt+ 21h
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 alarm << I1 22h
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 alarm << Ix 23h
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 alarm << U1 24h
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 alarm << Ux 25h
0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 alarm << freq 26h
0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 pulse out. (Pt+) 30h
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 power demand (Pt+) 40h
0 1 0 1 x x x x ON 5xh
>> means “higher than”.
<< means “lower than”.
See section 5.5 for more information.
Digital input/output status, address 0007h (00007 decimal), read-only

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x x
Output 2
Output 1
Input 1
Input 3
Input 4
Input 2
Bit set to logical ‘0’ - input/output is set to off.

Bit set to logical ‘1’ - input/output is set to on.
38
Recorder configuration, address 000Ah (00010 decimal)

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x x x x
capacitive energy
Active consumed
Active generated
inductive energy
Reactive
Reactive
energy
energy
Energy (active, reactive)
Bit 7, Bit 6, Bit 5, Bit 4 Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled
Serial I/O configuration, address 0015h (00021 decimal)

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x Serial x Serial I/O speed
mode Status
Serial I/O mode Serial I/O status Serial I/O speed

Bit 7 Bit 6 Description Bit 6 Description Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Description
0 0 none/2 stop 0 MODBUS 0 0 0 1 4800 bps
0 1 none/1 stop 1 PC Link 0 0 1 0 9600 bps
1 1 even/1 stop 0 0 1 1 19200 bps
0 1 0 0 38400 bps
0 1 0 1 57600 bps
Status flags, address 0017h (00023 decimal), read-only

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x x x x x x x x x
Recorder memory
parameters error
AD converter
RTC present
RTC error
Settings/
error
error
Every bit is set to “1” whenever Power monitor encounters error during operation, except RTC present bit
which is set to “1” for MI 4101:
Settings/parameters error bit is set if default parameters are loaded into the instrument (see
section 5.6) – check set parameters and measured values, send the instrument for calibration if
necessary.
When ADC converter error bit is set, the instrument AD converter failed – send it for repair. The
instrument operation is stopped.
RTC error bit is set when real-time clock time is invalid – set real-time clock time and date (this bit
has meaning only for MI 4101).
Please contact manufacturer or your distributor if recorder memory error bit is set.
39
Total power factor, address 0106h (00262 decimal), read-only

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x
Total power = 0? Total power factor
Total PF = 1?
Total reactive
Total power
Total active
power sign
power sign
factor type
Value Total PF = 1? Total power = 0? Total active Total reactive Total power
power sign power sign factor type
0 Total PF value is Total power value is Negative Negative Inductive
valid valid
1 Total PF = 1.00 Total power = 0.0 Positive Positive Capacitive
If Total PF = 1? bit is set to “1”, total power factor value is 1.00 – other bits have no meaning. If Total
power = 0? bit is set to “1”, total measured power is 0 – other power values have no meaning and are
undefined. Total power factor value is represented as unsigned byte with values between 0 and 100.
Divide by 100 to get actual total power factor value. This value is meaningful only if Total PF = 1? and
Total power = 0? bits are both set to “0”.
L1 power factor, address 0114h (00276 decimal), read-only

Bits
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
x x x Phase power factor
Phase power = 0?
Phase PF = 1?
Phase reactive
Phase power
Phase active
power sign
power sign
factor type
Value Phase PF = 1? Phase power = 0? Phase active Phase reactive Phase power
power sign power sign factor type
0 Phase PF value Phase power value Negative Negative Inductive
is valid is valid
1 Phase PF = 1.00 Phase power = 0.0 Positive Positive Capacitive
If Phase PF = 1? bit is set to “1”, phase power factor value is 1.00 – other bits have no meaning. If Phase
power = 0? bit is set to “1”, total measured power is 0 – other power values have no meaning and are
undefined. Phase power factor value is represented as unsigned byte with values between 0 and 100.
Divide by 100 to get actual phase power factor value. This value is meaningful only if Phase PF = 1? and
Phase power = 0? bits are both set to “0”.
40
7.3 Programming considerations

Data interpretation
Each register consists of 16 bits (2 bytes or 1 word). All data values are unsigned. Some
registers are combined to form larger data structures – 2 words (32 bits) and 3 words (48
bits).
One word-long value corresponds to unsigned integer data type (ANSI C). Two-word long
value corresponds to unsigned long integer data type (ANSI C). It is the responsibility of
controller (or a PC communication program) to interpret larger data structures, including
3-word records (consisting of low, middle and high words).
Interpreting “Position of 1st selected record” register

A controller can read 24 energy records at the time, starting at the address written in
“Position of 1st selected record” register.
The register represents a pointer relative to the energy recording memory address where
the first energy record for reading is positioned. It is 0-based (the first record has address
of 0000h). If the register value is FFFFh, there are no energy records available for
reading.
Interpreting energy registers

Energy registers hold computed energy values (active, reactive, consumed, generated)
with the resolution of 10 Wh/VArh. Voltage and current transformation factors are already
included in the calculus.
Power monitor always sends 48 words to controller (24 energy register values). The 1st
register address is defined in “Number of 1st selected record” at address 00025/0019h.
Controller always has to start reading at address 00768/0300h.
Maximum number of energy record depends on number of selected energy types for
recording. Refer to section 5.3 about recorder configuration (FreeLapRec parameter).
Value is available in “Maximum possible number of records” register at address
00024/0018h.
Each energy record is started with time/date stamp (see below for ANSI C programming
example on how to interpret time stamp value). This stamp represents elapsed time from
1. 1. 2005 00:00:00. Note that MI 4100 instrument time/date values are set to 0 each time
it’s powered on, while in MI 4101 which is equipped with real-time clock (RTC), has valid
time/date stamp. It is possible to set time/date by sending new values to “Power monitor
real time and date” register (addresses from 00026/001Ah to 00028/001Ch, data format
is described below). The instrument preserves set time/date until power supply is
switched off (unless RTC is incorporated in the instrument).
Each record consists of time/date, active consumed energy (eP+), reactive consumed
energy (eQ+), active generated energy (eP-) and reactive generated energy (eQ-).
Please note that only energy types, selected for recording, are sent.
41
Example 1:
Recording of active consumed energy (eP+) is set.
In such case each record consists of 4 registers.
Register address Data format Register meaning

dec hex
st
00768 0300 lo word 1 selected record for read – time/date
00769 0301 hi word Time/date
00770 0302 lo word eP+
00771 0303 hi word eP+
nd
00774 0306 lo word eP+
00775 0307 hi word eP+
th
00812 032C lo word 12 selected record for read – time/date
00813 032D hi word Time/date
00814 032E lo word eP+
00815 032F hi word eP+
Example 2:
Recording of active consumed (eP+) and reactive consumed energy (eQ+) is set.
In such case each record consists of 6 registers.
Register address Data format Register meaning

dec hex
st
00770 0302 lo word energy eP+
00771 0303 hi word energy eP+
00772 0304 lo word energy eQ+
00773 0305 hi word energy eQ+
nd
00776 0308 lo word energy eP+
00777 0309 hi word energy eP+
00778 030A lo word energy eQ+
00779 030B hi word energy eQ+
th
00810 032A lo word 12 selected record for read – time/date
00811 032B hi word Time/date
00812 032C lo word energy eP+
00813 032D hi word energy eP+
00814 032E lo word energy eQ+
00815 032F hi word energy eQ+
42
Each 32-bits time stamp consists of two parts. The lowest 26 bits represent elapsed
minutes from 1.1.2005 00:00:00. The highest 6 bits represent IP length in minutes
multiplied by 4. Therefore 15 sec IP length is represented by value 1, 30 sec IP is
represented by value 2 and so on. ANSI C example for time stamp conversion into real
time value is presented below:
/* ANSI C structure rectime holds readable time and date values of

time stamp value after the code below is executed:
#include time.h
struct rectime
{ int rectime_sec; // Seconds
int rectime_min; // Minutes
int rectime_hour; // Hour (0 - 23)
int rectime_mday; // Day of month (1 – 31)
int rectime_mon; // Month (0 – 11)
int rectime_year; // Year (calendar year minus 1900)
int rectime_wday; // Weekday (0 - 6; Sunday is 0)
int rectime yday; // Day of year (0 -365)
int rectime_isdst; // Nonzero if daylight saving time
// is in effect.
};
*/
unsigned long temp; // Rec. time stamp = 1st reg. of

// energy record (e.g. regs 0768
// and 0769)
unsigned long recstart;
unsigned int iplenght;
struct tm *rectime;
recstart = temp & 0x3ffffff; // Elapsed time from 00:00:00

// 01.01.2005 in minutes
recstart = recstart * 60; // Conversion to seconds
// Add elapsed time from 00:00:00
// 01.01.1970 to 00:00:00 01.01.2005
// in seconds
recstart = recstart + 11045556000;
rectime = localtime
// IP length in minutes
iplenght = (temp & 0xfc000000) / 4;
Interpreting power registers

Power registers hold computed power values (active, reactive, apparent) with the
resolution of 0.1 W/VAr/VA. Voltage and current transformation factors are already
included in the calculus.
43
Interpreting peak IP/last IP registers

Peak IP/last IP registers hold computed energy values (active, reactive, consumed,
generated) with the resolution of 1 Wh/VArh. Voltage and current transformation factors
are already included in the calculus.
Interpreting real and calibration date/time values

Instrument real and calibration date/time information is packed into 3 words, interpreted
as bytes:
1st word: minutes in 00 to 59 range (high byte, 00h to 3Bh), seconds in 00 to 59
range (low byte, 00h to 3Bh).
2nd word: days in 01 to 31 range (high byte, 00h to 1Fh), hours in 00 to 23 range
(low byte, 00h to 017h).
3rd word: year in 05 to 36 range (high byte, 05h to 24h), month in 01 to 12 range
(low byte, 01h to 0Ch). Year “05” represents year 2005.
Power monitor uses special sequence to set calibration date and time (available only to
manufacturer, distributors and authorized calibration labs). Please contact manufacturer
for additional information.
Remote IP synchronization
Remote synchronization is preformed by writing “1” into the 6 bit of register 0000h using
MODBUS command 06. Instrument then synchronize IP, and set bit 7 to “1” (command
status). Finally bit 6 is automatically reset back to “0”.
Exception function codes

Power monitor supports the following exception function codes:
01 – Illegal function.
02 – Illegal data address.
03 – Illegal data value.
04 – Slave failure (attempting requested action).
06 – Slave busy.
Exception function codes are sent to a controller by slave device in case of an error
during execution of request.
‘0’ address recognition

Power monitor recognizes ‘0’ address (broadcast) for the following controller functions:
6 – Write single register.
16 – Write multiple registers.
Response and turnaround times

Response time of Power monitor is 500 ms (max.). Turnaround time of Power monitor is
200 ms (max.). Both times are measured from the moment of completed reception of the
message. They’re independent of communication speed.
Error correction
Power monitor implements CRC error correction.
44
Detecting partial messages, diagnostic counters

Power monitor ignore corrupted or incomplete MODBUS messages. Power monitor
doesn’t have diagnostic counters implemented.
There is internal timeout sequence, which resets communication devices and enables
communication again.
MODBUS communication example

All presented values in the examples below are in hex format. CRCs at the end of each
message are only indicated – master or slave units always send actual value. Slave
network address in the examples is always 01h.
Example 1:
Setting voltage transformation factor (UTF, register 0002h) to 40 (28h).
Host request: 01 06 00 02 00 28 [CRC]

Power monitor answer: 01 06 00 02 00 28 [CRC]
Example 2:
Setting slave network address (register 0016h) to 10 (0Ah), incorrect register
address will result in communication error (trying to write a word into one-byte
register).
Host request: 01 06 00 15 00 0A [CRC]

Power monitor answer: 01 86 02 [CRC]
>>>> ERROR 02 – illegal data address
Example 3:
If tariff 2 is active enable output 1, otherwise disable it. Preserve alarm settings for
output 1.
Host request: 01 03 00 07 00 01 [CRC] // Read dig. I/O status

Power monitor answer: 01 03 02 00 reg_data [CRC]
SCADA internal:
if (reg_data & 0x20) // 0x0020 = mask for test of input 4
temp = 0x50; // 0x0050 = set output 1 to ON
else temp = 0; // 0 = set output 1 to OFF
Host request: 01 03 00 05 00 01 [CRC] //Read output 1 status
Power monitor answer: 01 03 02 reg_data [CRC]
SCADA internal:
reg_data & = 0x000F; // Preserve alarm settings
reg_data | = temp;
Host request: 01 06 00 05 reg_data [CRC] // Configure output 1
Power monitor answer: 01 06 00 05 reg_data [CRC]
45
8 Technical specifications
8.1 General
Power supply voltage ........................ 180 V a.c. ÷ 260 V a.c., 50 Hz/60 Hz
Protection classification .................... double insulation
Pollution degree ................................ 3
Protection degree.............................. IP 40
Over voltage category....................... CAT II 600 V / CAT III 300 V
Load ............................................ 5 VA max.
Dimensions (w × h × d) ..................... 96 cm × 96 cm × 100 cm (without screw adapters)

Dimensions (w × h × d) ..................... 108 cm × 96 cm × 100 cm (with screw adapters)
Weight ............................................ 0.55 kg
Reference conditions
Reference temperature range........... 0 °C ÷ +40 °C
Reference humidity range................. 30 %RH ÷ 75 %RH, non-condensing
Operation conditions
Working temperature range .............. -10 °C ÷ +50 °C
Maximum relative humidity ............... 95 %RH (0 °C ÷ +40 °C), non-condensing
Storage conditions
Temperature range ........................... -10 OC ÷ +70 OC
Maximum relative humidity ............... 90 %RH (-10 OC ÷ +40 OC)
70 %RH (+40 OC ÷ +70 OC)
Caution:
Error of voltage and current transducers is not considered in this specification.
Accuracies apply for 1 year in reference conditions. Temperature coefficient
outside these limits is at most the error in reference conditions + 0.01 % of
measured value per °C.
In case the unit gets moistened the results and/or safety could be impaired. In
such case it is recommended to dry the unit for at least 12 hours.
8.2 Measuring system

Configuration .................................... 4 voltage inputs, 3 current inputs
System ............................................ single phase, 3-phase (3 or 4 wire unbalanced load)
Measuring principle........................... 4 quadrants, 10 periods, 128 scans/period
Display update .................................. 1 update/s, harmonics 1 update/5 s
Voltage input loading ........................ less than 0.1 VA
Current input loading......................... less than 0.1 VA
Voltage input overload ...................... ×1.2 UN permanently, ×2 UN for less than 2 s
Current input overload ...................... ×2 IN permanently, ×40 IN for less than 0.5 s
Internal timer stability ........................ 4.4 s/24 h, worst case in complete operating range
46
8.3 Voltage
TRMS phase to neutral voltage LX – N, AC
Nominal input range (V) Phase to neutral Resolution (V)
Accuracy
voltage range (V)
140
280 0.00 UFS ÷ 0.14 UFS 0.1 ±(1.3 V * UTF)
500
140
±(0.2 %FS +
280 0.15 UFS ÷ 1.10 UFS 0.1
0.3 % of reading)
500
Voltage crest factor is 1.5 × UN (measuring range). Accuracies are given according to full scale value
(UFS = UN * UTF). Over-range indication with ↑↑↑ mark. Over-range indicator appears when line voltage is
out-of-range. Accuracies apply for frequency range 45.00 Hz ÷ 65.00 Hz. Line-to-neutral input impedance is
approx. 550 kΩ. Line-to-line input impedance is approx. 1100 kΩ.
TRMS phase to phase voltage LX – LY, AC

Nominal input range (V) Phase to neutral Resolution (V)
Accuracy
voltage range (V)
140
±(0.3 %FS +
280 0.00 UFS ÷ 1.10 UFS 0.1
0.7 % of reading)
500
Input voltage range: LX – N = 500 VRMS (single phase), 290 VRMS (3-phase)
LX – LY = 500 VRMS
Voltage input transformation factor (UTF)

Phase to neutral voltage range (V) Factor Comment
0.0 ÷ 140.0 1× ÷ 1279× 140 kV @ 110 V input
0.0 ÷ 280.0 1× ÷ 612× 140 kV @ 230 V input
0.0 ÷ 500.0 1× ÷ 351× 140 kV @ 400 V input
Voltage TF and current TF are linked together, their product is limited to 20 MW per phase.
8.4 Current
TRMS current
Current range (A) Resolution (A) Accuracy
0.00 IFS ÷ 0.10 IFS TBD*
0.001 ±(0.1 %FS +
0.11 IFS ÷ 1.25 IFS
0.4 % of reading)
Nominal current input range is 0 A ÷ 5 A (IN). Current crest factor is 2.0 × IN. Accuracies are given according
to full scale value (IFS = IN * ITF). Over-range indication with ↑↑↑ mark. Accuracies apply for frequency range
45.00 Hz ÷ 65.00 Hz.
*
To be defined
Current input transformation factor (ITF)

Nominal current range (A) Factor Comment
0.0 ÷ 5.0 5 A/5 A ÷ 10000 A/5 A 20 MW max./phase
Voltage TF and current TF are linked together, their product is limited to 20 MW per phase.
47
8.5 Frequency
Frequency range (Hz) Resolution (Hz) Accuracy
45.00 ÷ 65.00 0.01 ±0.04 Hz
Out-of-range indication with SYNC? mark. Phase used for synchronisation is displayed. Accuracy applies
for voltage range 0.15 UN ÷ 1.20 UN.
8.6 Power (P, Q, S), total power (Pt, Qt, St)

Power (P, Q, S)
Product of voltage range, voltage TF, current range Resolution
Accuracy
and current TF (W, VA, VAr) (W, VA, VAr)
±(0.5 %FS +
0.0 ÷ 20000000.0 0.1
1 % of reading)
Total power (P, Q, S)

Accuracy
and current TF (W, VA, VAr) (W, VA, VAr)
±(0.5 %FS +
0.0 ÷ 60000000.0 0.1
1 % of reading)
Accuracies are given according to full scale value (FS = UN * IN * ITF). All stated accuracies apply for
voltage range 0.15 UN ÷ 1.10 UN, current range 0.01 IN ÷ 1.2 IN, PF 0.40 ÷ 1.00 and frequency range
45.00 Hz ÷ 65.00 Hz. For PF 0.00 ÷ 0.39 stated accuracies have to be multiplied by 2.
8.7 Power factor, total power factor

PF range Resolution Accuracy
0.00 ÷ 0.39 ±0.04
0.01
0.40 ÷ 1.00 ±0.02
Accuracies apply for voltage range 0.15 UN ÷ 1.10 UN, current range 0.01 IN ÷ 1.2 IN and frequency range
45.00 Hz ÷ 65.00 Hz.
8.8 Energy
IP max/IP last energy
and current TF (MWh, MVAh, MVArh) (Wh, VAh, Accuracy
VArh)
0 ÷ 1.000.000 10 TBD*
48
Total energy
and current TF (Wh, VAh, VArh) (Wh, VAh, Accuracy
VArh)
0 ÷ 1.000.000 10 TBD*
*
To be defined
8.9 Total harmonic distortion, harmonics

Accuracies apply for voltage range 0.15 UN ÷ 1.10 UN, current range 0.01 IN ÷ 1.2 IN and frequency range
45.00 Hz ÷ 65.00 Hz. Over-range indication with ↑↑↑ mark. Under-range indication with ↓↓↓ mark.
Voltage harmonics
Measuring range (V) Resolution (%) Accuracy (V)
UM < 0.03 UN ±5 % UM
0.1
UM > 0.03 UN ±0.15 % UN
Voltage THD
Nominal input range (V) Resolution (%) Accuracy (V)
140
280 0.1 ±1 % UN
500
U N: nominal input voltage range (TRMS)
st st
U M: measured harmonic voltage (TRMS), M = 1 ... 31
Current harmonics
Measuring range (A) Resolution (%) Accuracy (A)
IM < 0.03 IN ±5 % IM
0.1
IM > 0.03 IN ±0.15 % IN
Current THD
Nominal input range (A) Resolution (%) Accuracy (V)
5 0.1 ±1 % IN
IN: nominal input current range (TRMS)
st st
IM: measured harmonic current (TRMS), M = 1 ... 31
49
8.10 Digital inputs and relay outputs

Max. input voltage 25 V
Input threshold voltage 6V
Input impedance 2.2 kΩ
Activation sequence LO-to-HI-to-LO transition
Min. activation period (impulse 50 ms (10 Hz max.)
width)
Relay output type Normally open (N.O.)

Max. output switching voltage 25 V
Max. output switching current 1A
Digital inputs and relay outputs are intended for use in SELV environment only (max.
voltage 25 V).
8.11 RS 485 communication port

Polarisation voltage +5 V d.c. (D0), 0 V (D1)
7 V d.c. between D0 and D1, ±7 V d.c. between
Max. polarisation voltage
D0/D1 lines and COM
50

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Power monitor

Web site: http://www.metrel.si

1 Introduction to MI 4100 – Power monitor .................................................. 5

8.2 Measuring system........................................................................................ 46

1 Introduction to MI4100/MI4101 – Power monitor

Power monitor performs the following simultaneous measurements:

Differences between devices:

2 Safety and operational considerations

Measurement specific warnings (applicable to all operations performed with

2.2 Standards applied

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Note about EN and IEC standards:

3 Power monitor description and maintenance

Figure 3.1: Front panel

3.2 Back panel

3-phase 5 A current inputs 3-phase voltage inputs RS 485 communication port

2 relay outputs Configurable digital inputs Power supply input

Figure 3.3: Back panel

3.3 Replacing fuses

3.5 Periodic calibration

4 Installing Power monitor

Figure 4.1: Mounting Power monitor – use only supplied accessories!

4.2 Use of external current and potential transformers

We recommend using 1 A or smaller fuses/circuit breakers with appropriate voltage

4.4 Troubleshooting installation problems

5 Power monitor manipulation

Screen presentation Purpose

5.2 Description of information screens

5.3 Description of configuration screens

Configuration screen Purpose

Screen presentation Purpose

5.4 Using Power monitor digital inputs

Integration Period (IP) synchronization

Counting externally generated impulses

5.5 Setting output mode

It is possible to select different output modes for each output (1 or 2) independently:

Mode Description Available options

Reference quantity for alarms Description

5.6 Reinitializing Power monitor

Parameter Sub-parameter Factory default value

5.7 Manipulating Power monitor screens

→ Harmonics → U, I, f → Power → Total → Energy → IP/Count →

Press and hold Automatically after Select Exit and

Meter Recorder Communication Registers Note:

6.2 Network communication

Power monitor provides serial communication interface to other systems connected on

The communication protocol is a subset of MODBUS, thus enabling use of standard

6.3 RS-485 connection

RJ45 D-shell Description

Figure 6.1: RJ45 and D-shell 9-pin

Remote unit 1 Remote unit 2 Last remote unit

* - recommended connection to minimize noise influence

Figure 6.2: Terminating RS-485 communication network

D0 and D1 lines are driven by 60 mA to +5 V or 0 V in transmit mode. Electrical model of

Figure 6.3 – Electrical model of Power monitor RS-485 port

Each device can be connected to MODBUS network:

6.4 More information about MODBUS network

6.5 Using PC as a MODBUS controller

6.6 Troubleshooting communication problems

7 Programming Power monitor

Instrument information registers, start address 0080h.

Start address 0108h, all values are in binary format.

Start address 0117h, all values are in binary format.

Start address 0126h, all values are in binary format.