FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

Bachelor of Engineering Technology (Energy & Environmental) with Hons

Lab
02 BTV3453
ENERGY AUDITING

LIGHTING AUDIT
Lab Objectives

By the end of this lab, students should be able to:

1. Conduct a lighting audit.

2. 2. Calculate spending and the potential savings available from lighting

efficiencies.

3. 3. Propose improvement how to achieve lighting efficiencies.

Student names Student ID Section Group

20

TAJUL ARIFFIN BIN ABDUL RAHIM TC16056 01G

Due Date: 16 October 2018 Delivery Date: 16 October 2018

ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out to conduct a lighting audit, where a student will first count
the number of lights, size of the location and it’s time usage to learn on how much current spending
of lighting and the potential savings are available from lighting efficiency. Lighting audit was
carried out in specific areas in Block T (Engineering Technology Laboratory). With aid of light
level meter, amount of light that falls on a surface was measured. From the calculated lighting
index for every specific area, energy consumption analysis was then made.

INTRODUCTION

THEORY

Lighting or illumination is the action of supplying or brightening with light or the resulting
state or in other words, the luminous flux per unit area on an intercepting surface at any given
point. Lighting includes both the usage of artificial light sources and natural illumination.
Lighting is the first matter to look at in a facility when it comes to attempting energy s avings.

LIGHT LEVEL METER

Usage of light meter is the easiest to measure light. Light meters contain a sensor that
converts the light energy into an electrical charge that can give the user a reading. They are
typically small enough to be hand-held and easily carried about. It is used to survey levels of
illumination. Light measurements(actual performance of visual tasks done on a work surface or
desktop), are taken to obtain accurate measurements. Extra care must be taken to not cast a shadow
over the sensor, while taking the measurements.

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 After taking the cap off the sensor, it was placed on a surface such as the centre of a
machineries area. It is important for the sensor to be placed on the surface as that is where the light
will be reflected into the user eye and represents the true level of light they receive. Holding the
light meter above the surface would produce potentially inaccurate readings. The lux reading
should then be displayed on the display.

The lux (symbol: lx) is the SI derived unit of illuminance and luminous emittance,
measuring luminous flux per unit area. One lux is the amount of illumination provided when
one lumen is evenly distributed over an area of one square metre. This is also equivalent to the
illumination that would exist on a surface all points of which is, one metre from a point source of
one (candela).

1 lx = 1 lm/m2 = 1
cd(sr/m2)

A flux of 1000 lumen, concentrated into an area of 1 square metre, lights up that square
metre with an illuminance of 1000 lux. However, the same 1000 lumen, spread out over 10 square
meters, produces a dimmer illuminance of only 100 lux. Achieving an illuminance of 500 lux
might be possible in a home kitchen with a single fluorescent light fixture with an output
of 12000 lumen. To light a factory floor with dozens of times the area of the kitchen would require
dozens of such fixtures. Thus, lighting a larger area to the same level of lux requires a greater
number of lumen.

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MATERIALS & METHODOLOGY

APPARATUS

Lux meter

Lighting form

The lighting audit was conducted in the area of

Block T (Engineering Technology Laboratory. The
result of the audit was recorded in a table.

Firstly , the experiment is run in the active area at

normal operation hours. Make sure there are
occupancies in the room or space.

The measurement is pointed at least 3 points.

Then, sensor (lux meter) is put at flat surface

(table/workstation).

The average reading is recorded and compare with

standard (MS 1525:2014).

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the sources of energy demand today are mostly come from the lighting
because it is a large and rapidly growth. The lighting are nearly related with greenhouse gas
emission based on the electricity that consumed by the building that have a possibility to attribute
the bad effect to atmosphere. Therefore, it is important to play a role in reducing emissions from
electricity for example by increased energy efficiency and conservation. From this experiment, it
can conclude that the total of the lamp are affecting the amount of energy consumption in quantity
of watt. Besides, the type of bulb also give a different index of lighting where it shown that the
fluorescent bulb produce more rate of consumption of energy whereas to the LED bulb that
produce less amount of power. The laboratory also consume so much energy and the potential for
energy and ringgit savings through energy efficiency improvements and energy conservation is
required. Hence, an overlit are able to overcome due to Energy Conservation Measure (ECM). An
ECM have a lot of benefits which is it can reduces expenditure on utility bills, reduces maintenance
costs, reduces CO2 emissions, improves occupancy comfort, and increases asset value. So, it is
good practice to apply this element in the way to make the management of energy more efficient.
Lastly, to get an accurate value, it is important to take a reading several times during conducting
an audit to achieve a good result.

REFERENCE

http://calgary.rasc.ca/lp/greengas.html

https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions

https://phys.org/news/2013-01-greenhouse-gas-emissions.html

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APPENDIX

Figure 1: Extech Easy View 30 Light Level Meter

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