PERIOD 3

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Electronic [Ne] 3s1 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2 [Ne] 3s2
configuration 3px1 3px1 3py1 3px1 3py1 3px2 3py1 3px2 3py2 3px2 3py2
3pz1 3pz1 3pz1 3pz2
Structure Metallic Metallic Metallic Giant Simple Simple Simple Simple
Covalent Molecular Molecular Molecular Molecular
Electrical Conductors Conductors Conductors Semi- Non- Non- Non- Non-
Conductivity Conductors Conductors Conductors Conductors Conductors
Coordination 8-co- 12-co- 12-co- Gaint P4 Molecules S8 Cl2 Single Atom
Number ordinated ordinated ordinated Structure Moleculess Molecules
Reaction with NaOH Mg(OH)2 Al2O3 SiO2 No Reaction No Reaction HCl + HOCl -
Water MgO with
Steam HCl + O2 in
sunlight

Reaction with Na2O MgO Al2O3 SiO2 P2O3 SO2 Cl2O -

Oxygen P2O5 SO3 Cl2O7
Na2O2 in
excess of
Oxygen
Basic Basic Amphoteric Amphoteric Acidic Acidic Acidic -
Metallic Metallic
Reaction with NaCl MgCl2 AlCl3 SiCl4 PCl3 S2Cl2 Cl2 -
Cl PCl5
Reaction of NaOH Mg(OH)2 Does not SiO2 H3PO4 H2SO4 HClO4 -
Oxides with readily reacts
Water
Reaction of NaCl + H2O MgCl2 + H2O AlCl3 + H2O - - - - -
Oxides with
Acids (HCl)
Reaction of - - NaAl(OH)4 - NaH2PO4 Na2SO3 NaClO4 -
Oxides with Na2HPO4 NaHSO3 NaOCl
Bases (NaOH) Na3HPO4 Na2SO4
Na3PO4