ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Text Mode – Text version of the exam

1. Which of these is not a type of atrial fibrillation?

A. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

B. Lone atrial fibrillation
C. Persistent atrial fibrillation
D. Combined atrial fibrillation
2. Which of these is a feature of atrial fibrillation?

A. Presence of “p” wave on electrocardiogram

B. Absence of “p” wave on electrocardiogram
C. “p” wave of differing morphology on electrocardiogram
D. None of the above
3. Which of these is not a risk factor for atrial fibrillation?

A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Congestive cardiac failure
4. Strongest risk factor for stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation is:

A. Irregular atrial rhythm

B. Increased ventricular rate
C. Lack of anticoagulation
D. None of the above
5. The management of atrial fibrillation involves which of the following objectives?

A. Rate control
B. Correction of rhythm disturbance
C. Prevention of thromboembolism
D. All of the above
6. In patients who have self-limited episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF), antiarrhythmic drugs are
unnecessary to prevent recurrence unless AF is associated with severe symptoms related to:

A. Hypotension
B. Myocardial Ischemia
C. Heart failure
D. Any of the above
7. Which of these drugs should be used unless contraindicated in all patients to prevent
postoperative atrial fibrillation during cardiac surgery?

A. Flecainide
B. Procainanide
C. Propafenone
D. Beta blockers
8. Which of the following drugs should not be used in patients with atrial fibrillation with acute
myocardial infarction?

A. Amiodarone
B. Propanolol
C. Propafenone
D. None of the above
9. Antiarrhythmic drug that can be used in patients of atrial fibrillation with heart failure is:

A. Amiodarone
B. Flecainide
C. Propafenone
D. Sotalol
10. For patients with recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, with no or minimal heart disease, the
recommended initial antiarrhythmic therapy is:

A. Flecainide
B. Propafenone
C. Sotalol
D. Any of the above
11. The recommended antithrombotic therapy for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation is:

A. Warfarin
B. Aspirin
C. Warfarin + Aspirin
D. Clopidogrel + Aspirin
12. The recommended INR range for warfarin therapy in atrial fibrillation is:

A. 2-3
B. 1.5-3
C. 2-4
D. 1.5-4
13. Which of the following are the non-pharmacological treatments for atrial fibrillation?

A. Maze surgery
B. Radiofrequency catheter ablation
C. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators
D. All of the above
14. Electrical cardioversion is contraindicated in patients of atrial fibrillation with:

A. Heart failure
B. Myocardial ischemia
C. Digitalis toxicity
D. All the above
15. Which of the following patients can undergo cardioversion without prior anticoagulation?

A. Atrial fibrillation less than 48 hours with haemodynamic instability

B. Atrial fibrillation <72 hours with haemodynamic instability
C. Atrial fibrillation <96 hours with haemodynamic instability
D. Atrial fibrillation <7 days with haemodynamic instability
Answers
1. B. Lone atrial fibrillation
2. B. Absence of “p” wave on electrocardiogram
3. C. Hypothyroidism
4. C. Lack of anticoagulation
5. D. All of the above
6. D. Any of the above
7. D. Beta blockers
8. C. Propafenone
9. A. Amiodarone
10. D. Any of the above
11. A. Warfarin
12. A. 2-3
13. D. All of the above
14. C. Digitalis toxicity
15. A. Atrial fibrillation less than 48 hours with haemodynamic instability