Disciplines in

Computing
Mod 1, Obj 2
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Computing
Computing

Computing is the process of using

computer technology to complete a
given goal-oriented task.

“No matter how you define it,

computing all boils down to one big
fundamental question: What can be
successfully automated?”
Computing

 Examples of computing:
typing in a word processor as oppose
to writing,
storing files on for e.g. employees in a
database as oppose to a physical
cabinet,
calculating wages using a spreadsheet
as oppose to just a calculator.
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Information Technology
Information Technology

Information Technology (IT) is a business

sector that deals with computing,
including hardware, software,
telecommunications and generally
anything involved in the transmittal of
information or the systems that facilitate
communication.
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Computer Science
Computer Science

 Computer science is the study of both

computer hardware and software design.

 It encompasses both the study of

theoretical algorithms and the practical
problems involved in implementing them
through computer hardware and software.
Computer Science

 The study of computer science has many

branches, including artificial intelligence,
software engineering, programming and
computer graphics.

 Often confused with IT: IT deals with the study of

data and data processing, and may also
apply to the management of computer
systems, particularly in a business setting.
Computer science, on the other hand, deals
with the more theoretical, or academic, side of
computing.
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Software Engineering
Software Engineering

 Software engineering is the process of

analyzing user needs and designing,
constructing, and testing end user
applications that will satisfy these needs
through the use of software programming
languages.

 It is the application of engineering

principles to software development.
Software Engineering

In contrast to simple programming,

software engineering is used for larger
and more complex software systems,
which are used as critical systems for
businesses and organizations.
Software Engineering

 A software engineer takes the software

needs of end users into account and
consequently develops or designs new
applications.

 Furthermore, software engineering may

involve the process of analyzing existing
software and modifying it to meet current
application needs.
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Computer Engineering
Computer Engineering

 Computer engineering refers to the study

that integrates electronic engineering with
computer sciences to design and develop
computer systems and other technological
devices.

 Computer engineering professionals have

expertise in a variety of diverse areas such
as software design, electronic engineering
and integrating software and hardware.
Computer Engineering

 Computer engineering allows professionals

to engage in a number of areas such as
analyzing and designing anything from
simple microprocessors to highly featured
circuits, software design, and operating
system development.

 Computer engineering is not limited to

operating computer systems but is aimed
at creating a broad way to design more
comprehensive technological solutions.
Computer Engineering

Computer scientists are responsible for

electrical and software manufacturing,
while computer engineers are trained to
design software and perform and
integrate that software with hardware
components.
Computer engineering

 Computer engineering also includes the

engineers who write firmware (software
stored on ROM) specifically for embedded
microcontrollers, design and develop
analog sensors, design very-large-scale
integration chips, and create schemes for
mixed- and single-circuit boards.
Computer engineering

The engineering field of computer

sciences also contributes to robotic
research that requires digital systems to
monitor electrical components like
motors and sensors.
Relationship between IT and Other
Computing Fields
Information Systems or
Information Services (IS)
Information Systems or
Information Services (IS)

Information systems (IS) is an integrated

set of components used for gathering,
processing, storing and communicating
multiple types of information for
improved societal and organizational
efficiency.
Information Systems or
Information Services (IS)

Information system components cover

academic and professional disciplines
spanning the fields of business and
computer science.
Typical information systems include data
about people, software, hardware and
procedures.
Collected digital data is used for study
and analysis.
Information Systems or
Information Services (IS)

 Some types of information systems include:

 Transaction Process Systems (TPS)
 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
 Expert Systems
 Global Information Systems (GIS)
 Management Information Systems (MIS)
 Decision Support Systems (DSS)
 Data Warehouses (DW)
 Executive Support Systems (ESS)
Information Systems or
Information Services (IS)

Many of these systems are designed to

accomplish tasks that are more
advanced than most human brain
capabilities, such as storing large
quantities of data and executing
complex calculations and simultaneous
processes
Disciplines in
Computing
Mod 1, Obj 2