7.

8 Complicated Pointing Words

We will now approach the pointing word fragment and study more complicated versions.
Remember that fundamentally, the pointing word fragment consists of an ‫ارة‬ َ ‫( اسم إ َش‬for example:
ِ
َ َ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ُ
‫هذا‬, ِ ‫ه ِذه‬, etc.) and an ‫ ال‬on the word that comes after, also called the ‫مشار إَِله‬. If the ‫ ال‬is not
present, it will no longer be a fragment, but rather a sentence.

For example:
ُ َ ْ َ َ
a. ‫‘ هذا الكِتاب‬this book’
ٌ َ َ َ
b. ‫‘ هذا ك ِتاب‬This is a book.’

As we begin to consider more complicated pointing word fragments, it is important to

َ َ
recognize most complicated pointing word fragments occur with ‫’إِضافة‬s. We will work through
the following simple examples:

1. This is my book.
a. The first thing to notice here is that this is a sentence.
َ َ ْ ‫ك َِت‬.
b. We then recognize the ‫ إِضافة‬being ‘my book,’ which is ‫اب‬ ِ
َ َ ْ َ
c. We can simply add ‫ هذا‬before ‫ ك ِت ِاب‬because ‘This is my book’ is a sentence and
ْ ‫ ك َِت‬obviously does not have an ‫ال‬. Therefore, ‘This is my book’ will be ‫اب‬
‫اب‬ ْ ‫ه َذا ك َِت‬.
َ
ِ ِ
2. This book of mine
a. The first thing to notice here is that this is not a sentence.
َ َ ْ ‫ك َِت‬.
b. We then recognize the ‫ إِضافة‬being ‘book of mine,’ which is ‫اب‬ ِ
َ َ
c. Because ‘this book of mine’ is a fragment, the pointing word (‫ )هذا‬will be placed
َ َ َ َ ْ َ
after the ‫إِضافة‬, so ‘this book of mine’ will be ‫اب هذا‬ ِ ‫ك ِت‬.
3. The book of this teacher
a. Again, we recognize that this is not a sentence.
َ َ َ َ
b. Here, there is an ‫ إِضافة‬fragment, but the ‫ إِضافة‬fragment is actually ‘the book of
َ َ ُ َ
this.’ Therefore, ‘the book of this’ is ‫ك ِتاب هذا‬.
َ ُْْ َ َ
c. Then, ‘this teacher’ is a pointing word fragment and will be ِ‫هذا اْلستاذ‬

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 i. Notice that ‘this teacher’ as a whole will be considered ‫ جر‬because it is
َ َ ُ ُ َ
the ‫ مضاف إ ِ َْله‬of the word ‫ك ِتاب‬
َ ُْْ َ َ ُ َ
d. So ‘the book of this teacher’ is ‫ك ِتاب هذا اْلستا ِذ‬.
َ َ ُ
e. Note that when we are pointing to the ‫مضاف إ ِ َْله‬, the pointing word will act as the
َ َ ُ
‫ مضاف إ ِ َْله‬itself.

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