Staining theory

How is Hematoxylin

oxidized?

Natural and chemical�

What are some

reasons why H&E

staining is

important?

Where does

hematoxylin come

from and what is it

oxidized to?

How it precipitate?!

What are some

chemical oxidizers?

#Sodium Iodate

#Mercuric Oxide

#Potassium permanganate
steps in routine

H&E staining??

Name some ironhematoxylins?

Weigert's

Heidenhain's

Loyez

Verhoeff's

Mallory's Iron Chloride

Name some alumhematoxylins??

Ehrlich's

Delafield's

Mayer's

Harris

Constitution of Ehrlich H?

Ehrlich Hematoxylin (ingredients)

Constitute of Mayer H?
Mayer Hematoxylin (ingredients)

● Hematoxylin

● Sodium Iodate

● Potassium Alum

● Citric Acid

● Chloral Hydrate

● Distilled water

Where is hematoxylin derived from?

The Hematoxylin campechianum tree

What two processes must hematoxylin undergo before it is used as a dye?

Ioxidized and mordanted

Why must hematoxylin need mordanted before use?

What metal salt is most commonly used as a mordant?#Aluminum potassium sulfate

What is the function of glacial acetic acid in a hematoxylin solution?

#It acts as an accentuator

What is the function of ferric chloride in an iron lake hematoxylin?

It acts as both an oxidizing agent and a mordant

What is the function of mercuric oxide or sodium iodate in a hematoxylin solution?

It acts as an oxidizing agent

A common acidic auxochrome is...........(-COOH)

The most common basic auxochrome is..........-NH2 (amino group)

An ................. primary function is to Give the dye affinity for the tissue

(auxochrome)

The atomic grouping within a dye that gives it its color.........

(Answer Chromophore)
Glycerin is commonly used as a ______ for stain

................is Physical reaction in which the tissue 'soaks up' the dye

(Absorption)

............stain is an example of. Polychromasia

(Giemsastain)

The staining mechanism in which metallic substances are selectively deposited over structures and
made visible by reduction of the metal is called.................

(Impregnation)

Oil red O staining is based on the principle of .............

(Elective solubility)

Dye solutions that are made colorless by reduction, and are subsequently used to identify tissue
components following oxidation and restoration of chromophoric groups, are called..............

(Leuco compounds)
The active staining ingredient in ripened hematoxylin is........

(Hematein)

Commonly used mordants for making hematoxylin solutions are:......................and..,.................

(ammonium alulminum sulfate and ferric ammonium )