Definition: instructional model based on the constructivist approach to learning, which says

that learners build or construct new ideas on top of their old ideas.

Engagement:
Teacher: Poses problems
Creates activities
Asks questions
Student: Accesses prior knowledge
Asks questions
Participates
Actions Verbs: question, assess, participate
Exploration:
Teacher: Questions
Activities
Probes
Student: Predicts
Tests predictions
Record observations
Actions Verbs: predict, question, record
Explanation:
Teacher: Asks for justification
Assesses students’ growth
Clarifies questions clearly
Student: Listens to others’ explanation
Explains their own answers
Assesses own understanding
Action Verbs: Assess, Explain, Justify
Elaboration:
Teacher: Expects students to use formal language
Reminds students of alternate explanations
Asks students to apply concepts
Student: Applies new language
Draws reasonable conclusions
Checks for understanding among peers
Action Verbs: Apply, Check, Observe
Evaluation:
Teacher: Ask open-ended questions
Assess students’ knowledge
Overserves the students as they apply their knowledge
Student: Demonstrate understanding
Evaluates their own understanding
Asks related questions
Action Verbs: Assess, Test, Question