Isna

6. The Concentration of Glucose is Equal in the Plasm and Cytoplasm

Glucose is a polar molecule therefore it can’t pass the membrane plasm with just
simple diffusion. There are two ways for glucose to enter the cell, either by
facilitated diffusion or active transport.

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport mechanism in which carrier proteins shuttle

molecules across the cell membrane without using the cell’s energy supplies. Instead, the energy
is provide by the concentration gradient, which means that molecules are transported from higher
to lower concentrations, into or out of the cell. The carrier proteins bind to glucose, which causes
them to change shape and translocate the glucose from one side of the membrane to the other.
Red blood cells use facilitated diffusion to absorb glucose.

Active transport is divided into two, which are Primary Active Transport and Secondary
Active Transport. In primary active transport, it ensure that glucose only flows one way, from
digested food to the inside of cell. Active transport proteins use ATP to pump glucose into the
cell, either with or agains the concentration of gradient. Meanwhile in the secondary active
transport, a transmembrane protein known as a symporter imports two sodium ions for every
glucose molecule imports. This method doesn’t use ATP, but instead relies on the higher
concentration gradient of sodium outside relative to the cell interior. Secondary transport is used
by cells in the small intestine, heart, brian, kidneys, and certain other organs.