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Advance Design of
Reinforced Concrete Structures
CE-5115
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Course Content
1 Introduction
2 Materials
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Course Content
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 3
Grading Policy
Midterm = 30 %
Final Term = 60 %
Assignment = 05 %
Term Project = 05 %
Attendance = 75 % is must to pass the course
Final term exam also includes the course taught before midterm
exam.
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 4
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Lectures Availability
www.drqaisarali.com
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 5
Lecture-01
Introduction
By: Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
UET Peshawar
drqaisarali@uetpeshawar.edu.pk
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Topics Addressed
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 7
Topics Addressed
Structural Safety
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Cement
In 1824 Joseph Aspdin mixed limestone and clay and heated them
in a kiln to produce cement.
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Reinforced Concrete
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Seismic Codes
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Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 12
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 13
Published by International Code Council ICC for the first time in 2000,
revised every three years.
The IBC has been developed to form a consensus single code for USA.
UBC 97 is the last UBC code and is still existing but will not be updated.
Similarly NBC, SBC will also be not updated.
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 14
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
The NBC, SBC and IBC have adopted NEHRP for seismic design.
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IBC 2000 could not be adopted because some basic input data
required by IBC for seismic design does not exist in Pakistan.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Many others.
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Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 18
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 19
The ACI 318 code has no legal status unless adopted by a state or
local jurisdiction.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
General:
The design covers all aspects of structure, not only the structural
design.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
2. Economy
The overall cost of the structure should not exceed the client’s
budget.
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Strength.
Serviceability.
4. Maintainability
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 27
Selection Criterion
Depending on structural spans, loading conditions, purpose of
building, availability of formwork, skilled labor and material etc., a
number of different structural systems such as flat plate, flat slab,
one-way or two way joist system etc. are possible.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Flat Plate
A flat plate is a slab floor system in
which the slab of uniform thickness is
supported directly on columns.
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Flat Slab
Beamless systems with drop panels or column capitals or both
are termed as flat slab systems.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Beam-Supported Slab
In beam supported slab, the perimeter beams are usually concrete
cast monolithically with the slab, although they may also be
structural steel, often encased in concrete for composite action and
for improved fire resistance.
Suitable for long spans and for parking structures.
Specially for intermediate and heavy loads for span up to about 30 ft.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Rib
Peshawar University Auditorium
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Like one-way joist system, a two way system will be called as two-
way joist system if clear spacing between ribs (dome width) does not
exceed 30 inches.
Joist
Akora Khattak Mosque
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali CE 5115 Advance Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 37
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Limit State
When a structure or structural element becomes unfit for its
intended use, it is said to have reached a limit state.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Rupture
Instability
Progressive collapse
Fatigue
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Undesirable vibrations
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Note: SLS and not ULS may be governing LS for structures such as
water retaining structures and other structures where deflection and
crack control are important.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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f Vn ≥ Vu (α Vs )
f Pn ≥ Pu (α Ps )
f Tn ≥ Tu (α Ts )
f = strength reduction factor
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Structural Safety
Variability in Resistance
The actual strengths (resistances) of beams, column, or other
structural members will almost always differ from the values
calculated by the designer (nominal strength). The main reasons
for this are as follows:
variability of the strength of the concrete and reinforcement,
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Structural Safety
Variability in Resistance
Effects of simplifying
assumptions
The fig shows Comparison of
measured (Mtest) and
computed (Mn) failure
moments for 112 similar RC
beams
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Structural Safety
Variability in Loads
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Structural Safety
Variability in Loads
Fig shows variation of Live loads
in a family of 151sft offices.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Structural Safety
The load factors and resistance factors are selected to reduce the
probability of failure to a very small level.
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Calculation of Pf:
The probability of failure (Pf) which is Probability that (Y = R – S)
< 0, can be calculated by converting the normal distribution
(which is function of Y) to standard normal distribution (which is
a function of Z ) and then using standard normal distribution
tables to find the area under the curve
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Calculation of Pf:
For β = 3.5, the probability of failure P (Z) = 0.0001 = 0.01 % =
1/9091. (from standard statistics tables)
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Selection of Pf and β
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
Selection of Pf and β
In strength design method, we
know that:
γMs = ΦMn, therefore,
Safety factor Mn/ Ms = γ/ Φ
For ΦMn = 1.2MD + 1.6ML
Let ML = MD ; then ΦMn = 2.8MD
Therefore, Safety factor (Mn/MD)
= 2.8/Φ
For Φ = 0.65 → Mn/ MD = 4.3 ≈ β
For Φ = 0.90 → Mn/ MD = 3.11 ≈ β
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Load Types
Dead = D, Live = L, Seismic = E
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
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Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar
References
ACI 318-14
PCA 2002
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The End
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