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Group 1

Palaroan- The Definition of Philosophy

Liloan- The Value of Philosophy
Sales- Holism
Facura- Reflective Practice
Barcelona- Models of Reflective Practice
Inco- Wisdom
Domasian- Religious Perspectives
Gruta- Truth
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PHILOSOPHY

 Is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society?

 From the Greek word Philosophia, meaning “the love of wisdom.”
 Is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence,
knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language?

Other questions asked by Philosophers are these:

 What is good?
 What is beauty?
 Does God Exist?
 What us truth?
 What is Science?
 What is evil?

The three types of questions that might philosophers asked:

 Metaphysics
 Epistemological
 Ethical

Questions:

1. Is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society?

 Philosophy
2. From the greek word “Philosophia” which means?
 “The love of wisdom.”

3.-5. The three types of questions that might philosophers asked?

 Metaphysics
 Epistemological
 Ethical

What is the value of philosophy?

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o First, it’s natural to wonder, to be inquisitive. Children are marvelous philosophers

who never tire of asking questions. However, you may reply that we have no duty to
do what’s natural, or that you don’t find it natural to philosophize.
o Second, philosophizing is pleasurable. We find joy asking questions and considering
possibilities. Perhaps that is why Plato called philosophizing “that dear delight.”
Nonetheless, you might counter that it doesn’t suit your tastes.
o Third, we appeal to philosophy’s usefulness. Any kind of knowledge is potentially
useful, and if philosophy engenders a bit of knowledge and wisdom, then it’s
worthwhile. Nevertheless, you may not value wisdom or knowledge unless it
engenders material reward.
o Finally, we might argue that philosophical (critical) thinking protects us against
unsupported ideology, unjustified authority, unfounded beliefs, baseless propaganda,
and questionable cultural values. These forces may manipulate us if we don’t
understand them, and can’t think critically about them. This doesn’t require a
rejection of cultural values, only a reflection on them. Otherwise, they aren’t our
values, ideas, or beliefs—we have accepted them second-hand. To this you might
respond that reflection is laborious, that ignorance is bliss, and that trust in authority
and tradition maintain culture

Quiz.
1. Children are marvelous philosophers who never tire of asking questions.
2. We find joy asking questions and considering possibilities.
3. Who is the philosopher that philosophize “that dear delight”
4-5. In your own word explain the first and fourth value of philosophy.

Answer
1. First value of philosophy
2. Second value of philosophy
3. Plato
4-5 Own word

Holism

O The theory that living matter or reality is made up of organic or unified wholes that is
greater than the simple sum of their parts. A holistic investigation or system of treatment.
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O In philosophy the principle of Holism (which comes from the Greek “holos” meaning “all
or “total”) was concisely summarized by Aristotle in his “Metaphysics” The whole is more
than the sum of its parts”.

Types of Holism

O Epistemological Holism (or Confirmation Holism)

In the epistemology of science, confirmation holism, also called epistemological holism,

is the view that no individual statement can be confirmed or disconfirmed by an empirical test,
but only a set of statements (a whole theory).It is attributed to Willard van Orman Quine who
motivated his holism through extending Pierre Duhem's problem of underdetermination in
physical theory to all knowledge claims.

O Semantic Holism is a theory in the philosophy of language to the effect that a certain part of
language, be it a term or a complete sentence, can only be understood through its relations to
a (previously understood) larger segment of language

Quiz

1. It is a theory that living matter or reality is made up of organic or unified.

2. Holism comes from the Greek word?

3-4. 2 types of Holism

5. Holos means?

Answer

1. Holism

2. Holos

3-4. Epistemological and Semantic

5. All or total
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Reflective Practice

Reflective Practice is a way of studying your own experiences to improve the

way you work. Reflective practice is learning from everyday situations, issues and
concerns that arise which from part of our daily routine while working in an early
childhood setting. This enables us to develop and extend on children’s learning and build
upon their knowledge and skills. Reflecting helps you to develop your skills and review
their effectiveness, rather than just carry on doing things as you have always done them.
Self-reflection helps to build emotional self-awareness.

Practicing Reflection puts our ideas continually under scrutiny and makes them
available for change. Reflecting is a very practical undertaking. It requires us to think on
and through a subject who is important to us. It is the capacity to reflect an action so as to
engage in a process of continuous learning.

So What
What?
what? next?

Quiz!

1. It is the way of studying your own experiences to improve the way you work.
2. What process does reflective practice engage with?
3. [TRUE or FALSE] Reflective practice can help people to have good and wiser decisions.
4. [TRUE or FALSE] Self-reflection helps to build emotional self-awareness.
5. [TRUE or FALSE] Reflective practice is not important to us.

Answers:

1. Reflective Practice
2. Continuous learning
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3. True
4. True
5. False

Gibbs Model of Reflective Practice

Description-(what happened) so what event or experience you are reflecting on.

Feelings-(What where thinking and feeling) this step describes your personal feelings, thoughts
and actions/reactions.

Evaluation-(What was good and bad about experience?) This is it makes positive/negative
judgment about an experience.

Analysis-(What sense you can make of the situation?) This step tries to explain the causes and
consequences of things that happened during the event or experience

Conclusion-(What else could have you done?) It’s important to be specific either about what
you think or perhaps relised about yourself

Action Plan-(If it arose again what would you do?) That one designed to improve your
knowledge, Ability or experience

Question

1) How many Gibbs Models of reflective practice?

2) What the meaning of Evaluation?

3) What the Conclusion? What the Analysis?

4) What the is Feelings?

5) Why we can do all of these?

Answer:

1) 6

2) What was good and bad about the experience?

3) What else could have you done

4) What were you thinking and feeling

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5) To assist the challenge your assumption

Wisdom

From the Latin sapientia, it relates to intelligence, in the opinion, common sense, prudence,
knowledge, science, philosophy.

Wisdom is commonly used to describe the character of that which is reasonable, or to exercise
moderation in desires.

In the classical tradition, from antiquity to the Cartesians, she relates, however, knowledge,
science, philosophy, perfect knowledge, generally encompassing the idea of virtue. It is a prelude
to a third sense derivative of it because it also means the character of one who is wise, who
makes a moral ideal type, which manages to virtue.

Definitions of Philosophers

Descartes- “Through wisdom, we hear not only prudence in business, but a perfect knowledge
of all things that man can know, both the conduct of his life by preserving his health and the
invention of all arts. ”

Aristotle- “The wise man has the knowledge of all things, insofar as possible”

Gide- “I do not think that the last word of wisdom is to surrender to nature, and give free rein to
the instincts, but I think that before seeking to reduce and tame, it is important to understand –
because many of the disharmony that we suffer are only apparent and due only to errors of
interpretation. ”

Molière- “By dint of wisdom, it can be to blame.”

Heraclitus-“Wisdom is one thing. It is to know the thought by which all things are led by all

Things”

Quiz

1. What is wisdom based on you have read?

2. Who is the philosopher who says wise man has knowledge of everything as far as he can?

3. Who are the philosophers who gave him his opinion?

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4. From the Latin sapientia, it relates to intelligence, in the opinion, common sense, prudence,
knowledge, science, philosophy.

5. For you what is wisdom?

Answer
1. The wisdom seems to be from latin sapeienta who has already relates it to
commonsense intelligence and opinion wisdom commonly used to describe the character
of that which is reasonable, or to exercise moderation in desires.
2. Aristotle
3. Descartes, Aristotle, and Gide
4. Wisdom
5. Own word
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Religious Perspective

Over the last twenty-five years religious thinkers have discussed the prospect of human
cloning in the context of long-standing religious traditions that often influence and guide citizen's
responses to new technologies. Religious positions on human cloning are pluralistic in their
premises, modes of argument and conclusions. Some other religious thinkers contend that human
cloning to create a child could be morally justified under some circumstances but hold that it
should be strictly regulated in order to prevent abuses.

Quiz
1-5 Defined religious perspective in your own word. At least 5 sentences

Truth
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Truth

Property of sentences, assertions, beliefs, thoughts, or propositions that are said, in ordinary
discourse to agree with the facts or to state what is the case.

“aim of belief wherein falsity is a fault.”-Blackburn

Propositions- “Non-linguistic bearer of truth value.”-Peter van Inwagen

Sentences - Symbolic, linguistic representations of propositions.

Belief -“Dispositional” Incline a person to behave in a way as if the thing they believe is true.
(Untested/unconfirmed idea)

Knowledge - Theories of knowledge attempt to describe when person is in a “right” cognitive

relationship with true propositions. (Tested/confirmed idea.)

Quiz

1. What is truth according to Blackburn?

-Truth is “Aim of belief wherein falsity is a fault.”

2. What is a proposition?

-Proposition is non-linguistic bearer of truth.

3.What is knowledge?

-Knowledge is a tested or confirmed idea.

4. What is belief?

-Belief is an unconfirmed or untested idea.

5. What are the three theories of truth?

-The three theories of truth are the Coherence, Correspondence and pragmatics.