READING TEST 65 Minutes—52 Questions ‘Turn to Section | of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section Directions: Each passage or pair of passages below is followed by a number of questions. After reading cach passage or pair, choose the best answer to each question based on what is stated or implied in the passage or passages ani Questions 1-10 are based on the following passage. ‘This passage is adapted from A Study in Scarlet, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's first story in his acclaimed Sherlock Holmes series. In this excerpt the narrator, Dr, Watson, observes Mr. Holmes, with whom he has recently entered into a shared housing arrangement, although he knows very little about this new room- mate as of yet As the weeks went by, my interest in him and my curiosity as to his aims in life gradually deepened and increased. His very person and appearance Line Were sich a5 to strike the attention of the most (5) casual observer. In height he wasrather over six feet, and so excessively lean that he seemed to be considerably taller. His eyes were sharp and piercing, save during those intervals of torpor to which Thave alluded; and his thin, hawk like nose gave his (10) whole expression an air of alertness and decision. His chin, too, had the prominence and squareness ‘which mark the man of determination, His hands ‘were invariably blotted with ink and stained wit chemicals, yet he was possessed of extraordinary as) delicacy of touch, as I frequently had occasion to ‘observe when I watched him manipulating his fragile philosophical instruments, He was not studying medicine. He had himself, in reply toa question, confirmed Stamford's! opinion upon that point, Neither did he appear to have pursued any course of reading which might fit him for a degree in science or any other recognized ( ‘stamford is Ghe mutual acquaintance who lotroduced ‘Dr. Watton to Me Holmes. ina previoutscenehetold Watson tht Holmes was nota medical dent on 3) “w) “ 50) any accompanying graphics (such as a table or graph). portal which would give him an entrance into the learned world, Yet his zeal for certain studies ‘was remarkable, and within eccentric limits his knowledge was so extraordinarily ample and ‘minute that is observations have fairly astounded me, Surely no man would work so hard or attain ‘such precise information unless he had some definite end in view. Desultory readers are seldon remarkable for the exactness of thei learning. No ‘man burdens his mind with small matters unless he has some very good reason for doing so. His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest ‘way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when [found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican ‘Theory and of the composition of the solar system. ‘That any civilized human being in this nineteenth century should not be aware that the earth travelled round the sun appeared to be to me such an extraordinary fact that I could hardly realize it to be astonished” he said, smiling at “You app my expression of surprise, "Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it” “To forget it!” "You see." he explained, "I consider that a man's brain originally is ike a litle empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose. A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might "Thoms Carle was an influential writer and philosopher hose work was well kaowa st the tate ofthis novels potatos(oo 0) be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best is jumbled up with alot of other things so that he haas a difficulty in laying his hands upon it. Now the skilfal workman is very careful indeed as to what he takes into his brain-attic, He will have nothing but the tools which may help him in doing his work, but of these he has a large assortment, and all in the most perfect order. Its a mistake to ‘think that that litle room has elastic walls and can, distend to any extent, Depend upon it there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you knew before. Itis of the highest importance, therefore, nat to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones” “But the solar system!” I protested, “What the deuce is it to me?” According to the passage, as time passes, Watson finds Holmes A) increasingly intriguing, B)_ frequently irritating. 5) somewhat snobby. D) occasionally generous, AAs used in line 5, “casual” most nearly means A) impulsive B) comfortable. ©) relaxed. D) occasional ‘As presented in the passage, Sherlock Holmes is best described as A) very secretive and hard to understand. B) an excellent companion to Watson, ©) highly regarded by his peers. D) an unusual and extraordinary man. [As used in line 8, “torpor” most nearly means A) agitation, 1B) sluggishness. ©) alertness D) illness ‘The passage most strongly suggests that which of. the following is true of Holmes? A) He tried, but failed, to become a doctor. 2B) He was an excellent student at the university ©) He studies things he is passionate about 1D) He is considered an expert in philosophy. ‘Which choice provides thebest evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 12.17 instruments”) B) Lines 18.20 ("He was not... . that point") ©) Lines 24.28 ("Yet his D) Lines 28-30 (“Surely no man is hands were astounded me’ in view") “The passage most strongly suggests that Holmes believes which ofthe following about learning? A) People should study broadly to know something about everything, B)_ Philosophy is not a valid field of study to pursue. C) The brain is limited in capacity, so you should prioritize what you le D) The Copernican Theory is unfounded and therefore should not be studied. ‘Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? his knowledge”) B) Lines 35-36 ("Of contemporary nothing”) ©) Lines 42-45 ("That any D) Lines 66-68 ("Itis of t A) Line 34 ("His ignorance 1... ones")9. ‘The comparison of the brain toan attic mainly serves to |A) demonstrate Holmes’ unique views on how a person should make use of knowledge. B) illustrate Watson's combative nature. ©) provide an alternate explanation for why Holmes doesn’t know about Copernicus D) resolve the conflict between Watson and Holmes. “The decision to tell the story from Watsons poin of view suggests that the author A) wants the reader to dislike Holmes. B) needed a sympathetic narrator. ©) will focus the rest of the story on Watson's actions. D) hopes the reader will share Watson's curiosity about Holmes. Questions 11-20 are based on the following passage. This passage is adapted from a speech given by President Woodrow Wilson to Congress on January 8, 1918. Here Wilson proposes @ 14-point program for world peace. These 14 points became the basis for peace negotiations at the end of World War | Iwill be our wish and purpose that the processes of peace, when they are begun, shall be absolutely open and that they shall involve and permit henceforth no secret understandings of any {s) kind. The day of conquest and aggrandizement is gone by; so is also the day of secret covenants entered into in the interest of particular govern- ‘ments and likely at some unlooked-for moment to upset the peace of the world It is this happy fact, (10) now clear to the view of every public man whose ‘thoughts do not stillinger in an age that is dead and gone, which makes it possible for every nation ‘whose purposes are consistent with justice and the ‘peace of the world to avow now or at any other (18) time the objects it as in view. ay @ ey 0s) oa (6) ‘We entered this war because violations of right hhad occurred which touched us to the quick and made the life of our own people impossible unless they were corrected, .., What we demand in this war, therefore is nothing peculiar to ourselves. It is that the world be made fit and safe to live in; and particulary that it be made safe for every peac: loving nation which, like our own, wishes to live its own life, determine its own institutions, be assured ‘of justice and fair dealing by the other peoples of the world... The programme of the world’s peace, therefore, is our programme; and that programme, the only possible programme, as we see it, is this: 1, Open covenants of peace... with no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. IL, Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas... alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for enforcement of international covenants. IIL. The removal, so far as possible, ofall ‘economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting IV. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety V. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims. VI. The evacuation ofall Russian territory and such a settlement ofall questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations ofthe world. VII. Belgium... must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations, VIL. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, IX. A readjustment of the fronties should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality ofttaly