Académique Documents
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• Engineering Apprentice
• 15 yrs experience with nut running systems
• Working for the leader in motor vehicle
threaded fastener assembly tools & systems
Topics for discussion
• Threaded fastener basics
• How different joints affect the tool
• Tightening strategies
• Tool selection
• Motor Vehicle Industry issues
– Traceability
– Zero fault production
– CR6+Free coatings
The threaded fastener
We measure the
We stretch the applied torque
fastener
We WANT to measure
the clamping force
To create a
clamp
force
Relationship between applied Torque
and resulting Clamp Force
Clamp Force
40 %
50 %
Effects of friction on clamp force
Friction variables:-
•Bolt coating
•Lubrication
Clamp
force (%) •Surface finish
•Component Alignment
150
100
50
Dry Oiled
Coefficient of friction
Tensile Stress / Yield Stress
Stress
Yield
Failure
75%
Normal torque
specifications
Angular displacement
ISO 5393 – Testing of threaded fastener
power tools
Torque
< 30 deg
X Hard Joint
Nm < 30 deg (ISO 5393)
Angle
Snug level
Torque
> 720 deg
Soft Joint
X Nm > 720 deg (ISO 5393)
Angle
Snug level
Hard and Soft joints
Torque
Over Shoot
Mean Shift
Target
Hard
Soft
Snug Angle
level
Relaxation
Time
Torque
Prevailing
torque
Angle / Time
Tightening Strategies
Torque Control
Torque
Torque = OK
Angle
Torque + Angle Monitoring
Detects reject parts
Torque = OK
Torque Angle = OK
Torque = OK Torque = OK
Angle = Low Angle = High
Angle
Torque + Angle Control
Increases clamp force accuracy
Torque
10 Nm +90 degrees
90 degrees
10 Nm
Angle
Yield Control
The best clamp force accuracy
Stress Yield
Controller algorithm
shuts off at set
change in torque
rate
Angular displacement
Tool selection
• Choosing the correct tool is not
easy
• There is no one-size fits all
solution
• Productivity, ergonomics and
quality must all be considered
Ergonomics
Cost savings
Productivity Quality
Choosing the right tools for the job
Impulse Air
or or
Nutrunner Electric
Technical Capability Index
Shut off Pulse tool + DC DC
Pneumatic Controller Non Transdxr Transdxr
Conventional tool No
Missed traceability
Bad tool rework
Wrong/ performance
Bad parts forgotten • Sof
Lost Wrong parts t
join
OK
• Hard
quality Stripped screws torque t
joint NOK
Missing screws
? T
Five steps to zero fault fastening
Step 5
Quality Critical – the vast majority of joints Zero fault fastening
(Controlled rework)
Step 4
Safety critical OK
(Data collection)
Step 3
Joint OK
Step 2
Batch OK
Step 1
Torque OK
Step 5. To assure zero fault fastening
Example BMW Mini Oxford Plant
Cr6+ Free coatings
• Study in US showed 15% of joints required torque
change
• 66% of the changes were so great they needed different
equipment
• Lack of knowledge & awareness of possible impact
• Lack of testing
• Passing the responsibility down the supply chain