Design of Machine Elements - Chapter 13

13.1
Step I: Belt tensions

πd n π (300) (720)
v = 60 ( 1000)
= 60 ( 1000)
= 11.31 m/s

1000 (kW) 1000 (35)

(P 1 − P 2 ) = v
= 11.31
= 3094.61 N

P1 = P 2 + 3094.61 (a)

m v2 = 2(11.31)2 = 255.83

180 − 2 sin−1 ( ) = 180 − 2 sin ( 2 × 2000 ) = 162.75

D −d −1 900 −300
αs = 2C
0

e(0.35) ( 180 )
162.75
π
ef α = = 2.70

From Eq. (13.6),

P1 − m v2 P1 − 255.83
P2 − m v2
= ef α or P2 − 255.83
= 2.70

P1 - 2.70 P2 + 434.91 = 0 (b)

From (a) and (b),

P1 = 5170.80 N and P 2 = 2076.19 N (i)

Step II: Belt length

From Eq. (13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π ( 900 + 300 ) (900 − 300 )2

= 2 (2000) + 2
+ 4 (2000)

= 5929.96 mm (ii)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 1 of 11
 13.2
Step I: Belt tensions

πd n π (250) (1000)
v = 60 ( 1000)
= 60 ( 1000)
= 13.09 m/s

1000 (kW) 1000 (7.5)

(P 1 − P 2 ) = v
= 13.09
= 572.96 N

P1 = P 2 + 572.96 (a)

m v2 = 0.55(13.09)2 = 94.24

αs = 180 + 2 sin−1 ( D2+Cd ) = 180 + 2 sin−1 ( 500

2 × 1500 )
+ 250
= 208.960

e(0.3) ( 180 )
208.96
π
ef α = = 2.99

From Eq. (13.6),

P1 − m v2 P1 − 94.24
P2 − m v2
= ef α or P2 − 94.24
= 2.99

P1 - 2.99 P2 + 187.54 = 0 (b)

From (a) and (b),

P1 = 955.12 N and P 2 = 382.16 N (i)

Step II: Belt length

From Eq. (13.5),

π(D+ d ) ( D + d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π ( 500 + 250 ) (500 + 250 )2

= 2 (1500) + 2
+ 4 (1500)

= 4271.85 mm (ii)

13.3
Step I: Pulley diameters

60 (1000) v 60 (1000) (13)

d = =

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 2 of 11
 60 (1000) v 60 (1000) (13)
d = πn = π (1000)
= 248.28 mm (or 250 mm )

d = 250 mm (i)

250 (1000)
D = (500)
= 500 mm (i)

Step II: Length and width of belt

The correct belt velocity is given by,

πd n π ( 250 ) ( 1000)
v = 60 ( 1000)
= 60 ( 1000)
= 13.09 m / s

From Eq. (13.5),

π(D+ d ) ( D + d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π ( 500 + 250 ) ( 500 + 250 )2

= 2 (1500) + 2
+ 4 (1500)

= 4271.85 mm (ii)

αs = 180 + 2 sin−1 ( D2+Cd ) = 180 + 2 sin−1 ( 500

2 × 1500 )
+ 250
= 208.960

e(0.3) ( 180 )
208.96
π
ef α = = 2.99

m = (0.95x10-3 )(100) ( 10
b
) ( 10 ) = (5.7x10 ) b
6 -3

m v2 = (5.7 × 10−3 ) b (13.09)2 = (0.977 b)

From Eq. (13.6),

P1 − m v2 P1 − 0.977 b
P2 − m v2
= ef α or P2 − 0.977 b
= 2.99

P1 - 2.99 P2 + 1.944 b = 0 (a)

From Eq. (13.8),

1000(kW) 1000(7.5)
P1 − P 2 = v
= 13.09
= 572.96 (b)

P1 = σ A = 1.75(6 b) = (10.5 b) (c)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 3 of 11
 From (a), (b) and (c),

b = 90.4 mm (ii)

Step III: Belt tensions

P1 = 949.2 N P 2 = 376.24 N (iii)

13.4
Step I: Pulley diameters

Assume v = 18 m/s

60 (1000) v 60 (1000) (18)

d = πn
= π (1440)
= 238.73 mm (or 250 mm )

d = 250 mm (i)

250 (1440)
D = (360)
= 1000 mm (i)

The correct belt velocity is given by,

πd n π ( 250 ) ( 1440)
v = 60 ( 1000)
= 60 ( 1000)
= 18.85 m / s

17.8 < v < 22.9 m/s (o.k.)

Step II: Maximum power

Maximum power = 10 (load factor) = 10 (1.2) = 12 kW

Step III: Arc of contact factor

180 − 2 sin−1 ( ) = 180 − 2 sin ( 2 × 2000 ) = 158.39

D −d −1 1000 −250
αs = 2C
0

Assuming linear interpola]on of values in Table 13.2,

(1.13 − 1.08)
F d = 1.08 + (160 − 150)
(160 − 158.39) = 1.088

Step IV: Corrected power

Corrected power = 1.088(12) = 13.056 kW

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 4 of 11
 Step V: Corrected power ra]ng of belt

Corrected belt ra]ng = (0.0118) ( 18.85

5.08 )
= 0.04379

Step VI: Selec]on of belt

(width x number of plies) = ( 0.04379

13.056
) = 298.15

4 ply w = 74.54 or 76 mm (standard size)

Belt specifica]on = 4 ply × 76 mm wide bel]ng (ii)

Step VII: Belt length

From Eq. (13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π ( 1000 + 250 ) (1000 − 250 )2

= 2 (2000) + 2
+ 4 (2000)

= 6033.81 or 6035 mm (iii)

13.5
Step I: Pulley diameters

Assume v = 18 m/s

60 (1000) v 60 (1000) (18)

d = πn
= π (800)
= 429.72 mm (or 450 mm standard size)

d = 450 mm (i)

450 (800)
D = (400)
= 900 mm (i)

The correct belt velocity is given by,

πd n π ( 450 ) ( 800)
v = 60 ( 1000)
= 60 ( 1000)
= 18.85 m / s

17.8 < v < 22.9 m/s (o.k.)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 5 of 11
 Step II: Maximum power for selec]on

Maximum power = 30 (load factor) = 30 (1.3) = 39 kW

Step III: Arc of contact factor

180 − 2 sin−1 ( ) = 180 − 2 sin ( 2 × 3000 ) = 171.4

D −d −1 900 −450
αs = 2C
0

Assuming linear interpola]on of values in Table 13.2,

(1.04 − 1)
Fd = 1 + (180 − 170)
(180 − 171.4) = 1.034

Step IV: Corrected power

Corrected power = 1.034(39) = 40.33 kW

Step V: Corrected power ra]ng of belt

Corrected belt ra]ng = (0.0147) ( 18.85

5.08 )
= 0.0545

Step VI: Selec]on of belt

(width x number of plies) = ( 0.0545

40.33
) = 740

4 ply w = ( 740
4 )
= 185 mm

5 ply w = ( 740
5 )
= 148 or 152 mm (standard size)

Belt specifica]on = 5 ply x 152 mm wide bel]ng (ii)

Step VII: Belt length

From Eq. (13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π ( 900 + 450 ) (900 − 450 )2

= 2 (3000) + 2
+ 4 (3000)

= 8137.45 or 8138 mm (iii)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 6 of 11
 13.6
Step I: Correc]on factor according to service

In this applica]on, an induc]on motor is driving a compressor of 20 kW capacity for 15 hr per

day. From Table 13.15, the correc]on factor according to service (Fa) is 1.2.

Step II: Design power

Design power = Fa (transmibed power) = 1.2(20) = 24 kW

Step III: Type of cross-sec]on for belt

Plot a point with coordinates 24 kW and 1440 r.p.m. speed in Fig. 13.24. It is observed that the
point is located in the region of C - sec]on belt. Therefore, for this applica]on the cross-sec]on
of V-belt is C.

Step IV: Pitch diameters of pulley

From Table13.12, the minimum pitch diameter for the smaller pulley of C sec]on is 315 mm.

1440
Speed ra]o = 480
= 3

d = 315 mm and D = 3(315) = 945 mm (ii)

Step V: Pitch length of belt

From Eq. (13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π (945 + 315 ) (945 − 315 )2

= 2 (1200) + 2
+ 4 (1200)

= 4461.89 mm

Step VI: Preferred pitch length of belt

From Table 13.14, the preferred pitch length for C- sec]on belt is 4060 or 4600 mm. It is
assumed that the pitch length of the belt is 4600 mm.

Belt specifica]on = C sec]on 4600 mm pitch length V belt (i)

Step VII: Correct centre distance

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 7 of 11
 Subs]tu]ng this value of pitch length in Eq.(13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π (945 + 315) (945 − 315 )2

4600 = 2 C + 2
+ 4C

Simplifying the above expression,

C 2 − 1310.4 C + 49 612.5 = 0

1310.4 ± √1310.4 2 − 4 ( 49 612.5)

C = 2
= 1271.38 mm

The correct center distance is 1271.38 mm. (iii)

Step VIII: Correc]on factor for belt pitch length

From Table 13.21 (C-sec]on and 4600 mm pitch length),

Fc = 1.05

Step IX: Correc]on factor for arc of contact

From Eq. (13.1),

180 − 2 sin−1 ( ) = 180 − 2 sin ( 2 × 1271.38 ) = 151.31

D −d −1 945 −315 0
αs = 2C

From Table 13.22, Fd is approximately 0.93.

Step X: Power ra]ng of single V belt

From Table 13.18, ( 1440 r.p.m., 315 mm pulley, C-sec]on) ( speed ra]o = 3)

Pr = 14.76 + 1.27 = 16.03 kW

Step XI: Number of belts

From Eq.(13.18),

P × Fa 20 ( 1.2)
Number of belts = Pr × Fc × Fd
= 16.03 (1.05) (0.93)

Number of belts = 1.53 or 2 belts (iv)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 8 of 11
 13.7
Step I: Correc]on factor according to service

In this applica]on, an induc]on motor is driving a centrifugal pump for a service of 24 hr per
day. From Table 13.15, the correc]on factor according to service (Fa) is 1.3.

Step II: Design power

Design power = Fa (transmibed power) = 1.3(15) = 19.5 kW

Step III: Type of cross-sec]on for belt

Plot a point with coordinates 19.5 kW and 1440 r.p.m. speed in Fig. 13.24. It is observed that the
point is located on the border of B and C - sec]on belts. We will select B cross-sec]on V-belt.

Step VI: Pitch diameters of pulleys

From Table13.12, the minimum pitch diameter for the smaller pulley of B sec]on is 200 mm.

1440
Speed ra]o = 360
= 4

d = 200 mm and D = 4(200) = 800 mm (ii)

Step V: Pitch length of belt

From Eq. (13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π (800 + 200 ) (800 − 200 )2

= 2 (1000) + 2
+ 4 (1000)

= 3660.80 mm

Step VI: Preferred pitch length

From Table 13.14, the preferred pitch length for B- sec]on belt is 3600 or 4060 mm. It is
assumed that the pitch length of the belt is 3600 mm.

Belt specifica]on = B sec]on 3600 mm pitch length V belt (i)

Step VII: Correct centre distance

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 9 of 11
 Subs]tu]ng this value of pitch length in Eq.(13.3),

π(D+ d ) ( D − d )2
L = 2C + 2
+ 4C

π (800 + 200) (800 − 200 )2

3600 = 2 C + 2
+ 4C

Simplifying the above expression,

C 2 − 1014.6 C + 45 000 = 0

1014.6 ± √1014.6 2 − 4 ( 45 000)

C = 2
= 968.12 mm

The correct center distance is 968.12 mm (iii)

Step VIII: Correc]on factor for belt pitch length

From Table 13.21 (B-sec]on and 3600 mm pitch length),

Fc = 1.1

Step IX: Correc]on factor for arc of contact

From Eq. (13.1),

180 − 2 sin−1 ( ) = 180 − 2 sin ( 2 × 968.12 ) = 143.90

D −d −1 800 −200 0
αs = 2C

From Table 13.22, Fd is approximately 0.90.

Step X: Power ra]ng of single V belt

From Table 13.17, (1440 r.p.m., 200 mm pulley, B-sec]on) ( speed ra]o = 4)

Pr = 5.90 + 0.46 = 6.36 kW

Step XI: Number of belts

From Eq.(13.18),

P × Fa 15 ( 1.3)
Number of belts = Pr × Fc × Fd
= 6.36 (1.1) (0.90)

Number of belts = 3.097 or 3 belts (iv)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 10 of 11
 13.8
Step I: Moment of arm

(P1 a + P2 b) 1500(75) + 500(250)

e = W
= 100×9.81
= 242.1 mm (Ans.)

http://onlinecourses.flipick.com/CMContent/Library/Assests/Video/27847/index.html 29/11/18, 4E35 PM

Page 11 of 11