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Chapter No.3
3 Material and Energy Balance
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
= 833kg/hr
Reactant Rate:
Yield=product/reactant
Reactant=product/yield
From literature, yield is 80%
Reactant=833/0.8=1041Kg/hr
Table 1: Proximate and Ultimate Analysis of Coal
Coal %
Moisture 25
Ash 3
Sulphur 2
Hydrogen 4.94
Nitrogen 1.37
Oxygen 7.53
Carbon 56.16
Total 100
3.2.1 Gasifier
Gasifier is used to produce syngas, Steam and oxygen are the gasification agents, and high
conversions are achieved in the gasifier using steam and oxygen as gasification agents. Under the
specified conditions of temperature and pressure in the gasifier, 90% of carbon is converted into
syngas. The principal components of the syngas are H2, CO, CO2 and CH4, with the key materials
being H2 and CO.
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
Reaction 1
C + ½ O2 → CO Conversion=12%
C in feed =(1041*0.5616)/12
= 48.71 kgmol/hr
C consumed = 5.84 kgmol/hr
O2 Consumed = 5.84/2
=2.92 kgmol/hr
CO produced = 5.84 kgmol/hr
Reaction 2
C + O2 → CO2 , Conversion=6%
Ash Unreacted=31.23kg/hr
Carbon=58.68kg/hr
3 Carbon Monoxide=872.48kg/hr
Carbon Dioxide=128.48kg/hr
Hydrogen=129kg/hr
Hydrogen Sulphide=0.442kg/hr
Methane=155kg/hr
Coal 1041kg/hr 1
Coal
Oxygen 295kg/hr
Oxygen/steam 2
Steam195.66kg/hr
R-101
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
5
3
Gases
Gases and Solids 1271.742 Kg/hr
1530.03 kg/hr
CS-201
258.294
Kg/hr
3.2.3 Absorber
Absorption column is used to remove acid gases (H2S, CO2) and methane (CH4) from syngas
because these gases permanently deactivates the catalyst of FT reactor.
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
Selexol is used as solvent in absorption column because it work very effectively for absorption of
acid gases.
Solvent Gases
4 6 994.68 kg/hr
2481.98 kg/hr
A-301
Solvent
Gases 5 7
2758.98 kg/hr
1271 kg/hr
=120.70 kg/hr
Solvent requires for CH4:
9 Solvent required=2361.21 kg/hr
Steam
CO=872.48 Kg/hr
H2=129 Kg/hr
CO2=7.70 Kg/hr
Total=1006.18Kg/hr
Condensate
CH3OH=1002.49 kg/hr
H2O=5.823 Kg/hr
Unreacted H2=0.376Kg/hr
Total=1006.07 Kg/hr
Reaction 2
CO2+3H2→CH3OH+H2O
Conversion=96%
Reactant
CO2 in feed=0.175 Kgmol/hr
CO2 Consumed=0.148 Kgmol/hr
H2 Consumed=0.444 Kgmol/hr
H2O Produced=0.148 Kgmol/hr
Product
CH3OH Produced=0.148 Kgmol/hr
Total In = 1006.18 kg/hr
Total Out = 1006.07 kg/hr
Summary of material balance on Isothermal reactor
Total=1006.18 Total=1006.07
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
16
3.2.7 Mixer
From Literature the solubility of Potassium Per magnate (KMnO4) in Water =63.8g/L
Impurities water =4.662Kg/hr
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL & ENERGY BALANCE
A Crude Methanol=1004.514
KMnO4=197.289 Kg/hr
M-101 17 kg/hr
Total 1201.803 Kg/hr
KMnO4 and
Impurities=297Kg/hr
18 Un Purified
Methanol=900Kg/hr
Total=1201 Kg/hr
CW in CW out
21
C-101
22
23
Distillate=833Kg/hr
Methanol
D-101
D-101
20
Unpurified Steam
Methanol=900 Kg/hr 18 19
RB-602
Total=900 Kg/hr
Condensate Bottom=71 Kg/hr
24