Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 1

General Theory of Multiple-Gage Induction Motors

S. S. L. CHANG

P O W E R C O M P A N I E S are usually particular about


the starting current a n d running power factor of a n
induction motor. However, induction-motor manufac­
ing current a n d full-load power factor are fixed as soon as
the full-load slip is chosen. Since the value of k is not
influenced by the selection of inner cage dimensions, alter­
raa

turers cannot possibly supply a motor much better in these ing the inner cage design would not improve the starting
respects than the present National Electrical Manufac­ current a n d power factor without lowering the torque curve
turers' Association Design C standards, even though ideal in general or in part. Real improvements can be accom-
materials should be discovered in the future.
Both the primary resistance a n d the saturation effect on
leakage reactance are neglected in this analysis. While the
first assumption can be fulfilled only with idealized mate­
rial, it is a close enough approximation in motors of 20 horse­
power or above. Under the assumptions, the motor can Figure 3. Starting
be analyzed with the help of a well-known theorem which kilovolt-amperes per

states that as soon a s i h e imaginary component of a physical horsepower of a


constant-torque mo­
network function is known for all values of frequency, the
tor as a function
real component is totally determined u p to an additive con­ of full-load slip a n d
stant. I n this case, the input reactive volt-amperes is the krco

real component; the torque in synchronous watts the


imaginary component; the slip corresponds to frequency;
and the magnetizing current is the additive constant. 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
Figure 1 shows the assumed torque as a function of slip. F U L L LOAD S L I P

Figures 2 a n d 3 show the full-load power factor and start­


ing kilovolt-amperes per horsepower as functions of full- plished only by measures which increase k such as reduc­ rooi

load slip a n d k . T h e basic leakage factor k is defined as ing the air gap, increasing the number of stator slots, a n d so
roo rm

1 —Xa/Xo where X is the leakage reactance not including forth. All of these measures have practical limitations.
m

the slot leakage of inner cages a n d Xo is the total reactance. T h e theory also provides a guide for designing rotor lami­
Since no special configuration or multiplicity of rotor slots is nations. Let X be the total leakage reactance at no load,
d

assumed, the result indicates that the best obtainable start- i ? be the rotor resistance of the outermost cage only, and
a

R be the rotor resistance with all cages in parallel.


d X, d

R , and R are determined by equations 1, 2, a n d 3.


m d
Figure 1. The
speed-torque curve
of a constant- (1)
Λ α, π \ sf
m

torque motor
Rao
(2)
xi ~~X 2
d

0 Sm
(3)
X to X CO

k i these equations, s is the slip at maximum torque point


m

and is about equal to 3.73 times the full-load slip; s is the 2

slip at which the torque tapers off. T h e value of s is usually 2

in the range of 1.5 to 2.5. T h e value of s is chosen to com­ 2

promise the full-load power factor a n d starting current.


Both are lower for higher value of s a n d conversely. 2

T h e values of R a n d R determine the total slot area a n d


d m

the slot area of the outermost cage, respectively. X deter­ d

mines the combined slot constant of the inner cages.


T h o u g h aH these conditions do not completely determine
the slot shape, they are more than a starting point.
Figure 2. Power Digest of paper 49-238, "General Theory of Multiple-Cage Induction Motors," rec­
factor o f a c o n s t a n t - ommended by the AIEE Committee on Rotating Machinery and approved by the
AIEE Technical Program Committee for presentation at the AIEE Fall General Meet­
torque motor as a ing, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 17-21, 1949. Published in AIEE Transactions, volume
1.00 function of full-load 68, 1949, part 2, pages 1139-43.
slip a n d k r o o S. S. L. Chang is with Robins' and Myers, Inc., Springfield, Ohio.

498 Chang—Theory of Multiple-Cage Induction Motors ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi