Unit EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN

02 CHEMISTRY

Q. 1 (a) Define. 02(001)

(i) Analysis
(ii) Analytical chemistry
(b) What is qualitative and quantitative analysis?
(c) What are the steps involved in quantitative analysis?
(d) Name the important techniques of separation.
Q.2 (a) Define the terms: 02(002)
(i) Filtration (ii) Filter (iii) Filtrate (iv)Residue (v) Filter medium
(b) Explain different methods of filtration.
(c) What important points must be kept in mind for smooth and fast filtration process?
(d) Discuss the important steps during folding to form the regular filter paper and fluted filter
paper. How rate of filtration can be increased?
(e) Draw a diagram of complete filtration assembly and mention various apparatus/chemicals
used.
(f) Write note on filter crucibles? What are their advantages?
Q.3 (a) Define crystallization. What is basic principle of crystallization? 02(003)
(b) Explain the steps involved in the process of crystallization?
Q.4 (a) Define sublimation. Name some substances, which could be purified by sublimation.
02(004)
(b) Explain the process of sublimation.
Q.5 What is solvent extraction? Explain with a common laboratory example. 02(005)
Q.6 Explain Distribution Law or Partition Law. 02(006)
Q.7 (a) Define: 02(007)
(i) Chromatography (ii) Stationary phase (iii) Mobile phase
(b) On which principle chromatography is based?
(c) What is distribution co-efficient K? How its value helps to explain the distribution of
the components of a mixture between the stationary and mobile phases?
(d) What is absorption chromatography and partition chromatography?
Q. 8 (a) What is paper chromatography? Give its types. 02(008)
(b) Explain the procedure involved in the separation of the components of a mixture by
Ascending Paper Chromatography?
(c) What is meant by Retardation factor (Rf)?
(d) Write down the uses of chromatography.
 EXERCISES
Q. 1 Fill in the blanks: 02(009)
1. A complete chemical characterization of a compound must include __________.
2. During filtration the tip of the stem of the funnel should touch the side of the beaker to avoid
__________.
3. A fluted filter paper is used to __________.
4. A solvent used for crystallization is required to dissolve __________ of the substance at its
boiling point and __________ at room temperature.
5. Repeated solvents extractions using small portions of solvent are __________ than using a
single extraction with larger volume of the solvent.
Q.2 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 02(010)
Q.3 Tick the correct sentences. If the sentence is incorrect, write the correct statement.
02(011)
(i) A qualitative analysis involves the identification of elements present in a compound.
(ii) If the process of filtration is to run smoothly, the stem of the funnel should remain empty.
(iii) If none of the solvents is found suitable for crystallization a combination of two or more
immiscible solvents may be used.
(iv) Paper chromatography is a technique of partition chromatography.
(v) A solute distributes itself between two immiscible liquids in a constant ratio of concentrations
depending upon the amount of solvent added.
Q.4 Why is there a need to crystallize the crude product? 02(012)
Q.5 A water insoluble organic compound aspirin is prepared by the reaction of salicylic acid
with a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride. How will you separate the product from the
reaction mixture? 02(013)
Q.6 A solid organic compound is soluble in water as well as in chloroform. During its
preparation, it remains in aqueous layer. Describe a method to obtain it from this layer. 02(014)
Q.7 The following figure shows a developed chromatogram on paper with five spots: 02(015)
(i) Unknown mixture X (ii) Sample A
(iii) Sample B (iv) Sample C
(v) Sample D
Find out (i) the composition of unknown mixture X (ii) which sample is impure and
what is its composition:
Q.8 In solvent extraction technique, why repeated extraction using small portions of solvent
are more efficient than using a single extraction but larger volume of solvent? 02(016)
Q.9 Write down the main characteristics of a solvent selected for crystallization of a
compound. 02(017)
Q.10 You have been provided with a mixture containing three inks with different colours. Write
down the procedure to separate the mixture with the help of paper chromatography. 02(018)