 1.

0 : OBJECTIVE
 This assignment is important for me to apply the concept of artificial selection by
using the appropriate and suitable example.

 2.0 : INTRODUCTION
Artificial selection is the process of intentional or unintentional modification of a
species through human actions which encourage the breeding of certain traits. The
genotype is altered to produce a new strain of the organism for a specific purpose. Many
domesticated animals were formed this way.
In artificial selection, human preferences have a significant effect on the evolution of
a particular population or species. Here, human exert control over which organisms in a
population reproduce, or how many offspring the produce. The distribution or traits in
population of the organism will change.
Most example of artificial fall into selective breeding, in which particular individuals
are selected from breeding because the posses desired characteristics or excluded from
breeding because their traits are undesirable. Both process have contributed to the
domestication of animals by humans.
Domesticated dog varieties like Chihuahua mix and Great Dane show a wide range of dog
breed sizes created using artificial selection through selective breeding.

Photo: Great Dane and Chihuahua mix

There are two types of artificial selection, which are inbreeding and outbreeding. So
for this assignment, I had assigned to explain about inbreeding.
 Inbreeding is the breeding between closely related individuals whether plant or
animal. It often leads to a reduction in genetic diversity. It also causes far higher expressions
of deleterious genes within a population than would normally be expected.
Inbreeding is used by breeders of domestic animals to get desirable genetic traits
within a population. For example, an animal with desirable colour is bred back to siblings or
parents because the letter may vary the genes for that particular colour. By inbreeding with
parent or siblings, the percentage of offspring with the desirable colour becomes much
higher. Inbreeding is done to produce good breeds for competition or as guard or police
tracker dogs.
On other hand, inbreeding has been a very favourable tool for scientists. Through
inbreeding, organisms which are genetically identical have been created to assist in
experiment.
In plants and primitive animals, inbreeding occurs during self-fertilisation.
 3.0 : CONCEPTUAL ( FOCUS STUDY)