WHY PNTD?
PARTICIPATORY AND NEGOTIATED
In response to economic and social changes within
countries and in the wider political context of
globalization, methodologies, instruments and
activities need to be adapted to the new
requirements imposed by those changes. The
importance of of local stakeholders' involvement,
ownership and commitment has to be stressed to
promote a different image of territorial issues and
provide rural populations with new development
perspectives.
The Participatory and Negotiated Territorial
Development approach offers concrete answers to
the challenges of improving trust among social
actors, strengthening social cohesion and
promoting a systemic territorial development to
induce socially-legitimized results. It supports
bottom-up and participatory decision-making
processes and encourages social dialogue and
partnerships between stakeholders within a
territory.
The objective of this approach is to help insert
technical assistance related to agricultural
production, activities for local income generation
or natural resource access and management into a
wider framework of rural development in a
multisectorial perspective
WHAT ARE THE BASIC PRINCIPLES?
• Coherent and relevant, to be as efficient and
effective as possible given available resources.
• Iterative and progressive to be able to go back to
an issue and draw up new hypotheses, analyses,
evaluations, and achieve the renegotiation of
agreements.
• Flexible and replicable both in space and time with
a continuous adaptation and responsiveness to
changes in the cultural, economic and social context.
• Learning process, the methodological approach is
not outcome-oriented but attention is placed on the
process of re-establishing social dialogue.
WHERE HAS IT BEEN APPLIED?
• Preparing a Forestry and Rural Development Plan
(FRDP) of the Buják region, Hungary. TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT
• Supporting the local population in land and water
conservation in Tunisia. (PNTD)
• Revitalizing marginalized territories in Algeria.
• Reinforcing land tenure systems for displaced people
and resident communities in Angola.
• Achieving a more equitable distribution and
ownership of land and improving farm productivity
in the Philippines.
• Fighting environmental degradation and
strengthening local institutions in Lempira Sur,
Honduras.
• And others… PNTD - an approach
to rural development
To reduce power asymmetries determined by
unequal access to and control over resources
and information, and unequal capacities.
To function as a catalyst to stimulate and/ or
For more information please contact the initiate change processes and ensure their
Rural Development Division of FAO: inclusiveness.
Paolo Groppo, Land Tenure Systems Analysis Officer To support socially-legitimized
paolo.groppo@fao.org, +39 06 570 54741
agreements by involving all
Jean Bonnal, Rural Development Officer stakeholders and fostering their
jean.bonnal@fao.org, +39 06 570 54453 commitment and ownership of
the development process.
HORIZONS: NEGOTIATION:
• Supporting stakeholders in drawing up coherent and feasible perspectives for the future development of the territory; • Does not only refer to
• Helping stakeholders to become aware of all issues at stake within the territory; conflictive situations;
• Supporting the formulation of possible proposals for territorial development, as a common ground for negotiation; • Tool to aggregate the diversity
• Setting up a negotiation platform that depends on stakeholders' room to manoeuvre , their willingness to negotiate and their bargaining of interests in a given territory;
power or ability to access the negotiation arena. • Follows procedures and rules
that the actors must agree upon
VIEWS: in advance and that are
SOCIAL TERRITORIAL enforced by a credible and
• Analysis of the different VIEWS HORIZONS NEGOTIATION
AGREEMENT* legitimised third party.
stakeholders' visions of the
territory;
• Development of a coherent Institutional Setting • Understanding SOCIAL TERRITORIAL
framework regarding Norms the Rules of the Game • Clarified roles and responsibilities AGREEMENT (AST):

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stakeholders' positions, • Positions • New rules of the game
Margins of Flexibility • This agreement includes plans
interests and strategies, and
Actors • Interests Willingness for dialogue • Strengthened local institutions of activities or initiatives for
the potentialities and local development (in the short,
vulnerabilities of their • Bargaining
medium, and long term)
territory; Power • Economic activities
Dialogue • Access to basic services
through a participatory process;
• Historical analysis to identify Proposals for • Outlines the minimum required
the causes of existing History STA* • Improved use of implementation capacities and
negotiation territorial assets
territorial constraints, and Negotiation external resources;
• Conflict Management

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possible trends; • Implies concrete commitment
• Promote dialogue among • Potentialities/ on activities, institutional
stakeholders; Vulnerabilities
Possible trends/ arrangements or resource
• Inform all stakeholders on Territory • Land Tenure/ • Stronger social cohesion
constraints management;
territorial issues and their Production • Strengthened bargaining power • Leads to improved social
importance; Systems • Reduced vulnerabilities cohesion and strengthened
• Analyse the context-specific bargaining power by local
political, institutional and stakeholders.
legal frameworks at regional, DIAGNOSTICS (ACTORS/ DIALOGUE/ IMPLEMENTATION/
INSTITUTIONS/ TERRITORIES) PROPOSALS M&E
national and international MEDIATION
level and their influence on
local development. CAPACITY BUILDING AND
AWARENESS RAISING

EXTERNAL SUPPORT:
• Act as an external facilitator and "honest broker" during the whole process. It is his or her task to stimulate social dialogue with the goal of finding convergence between
the different points of view;
• Play a key role in the identification, analysis and provision of coherent information on local problem areas;
• Support the search for ways to achieve a coordinated and effective response to local problems;
• Spearheads the process of linking the local community and other relevant key-players in the area, supporting integrated territorial planning and providing valuable inputs
to municipal and provincial development actors.