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Fizik
Nama : ……………………………….............................. Tingkatan : ………………
Kertas 2
OKTOBER
2007
2 ½ Jam

SEKTOR SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH

BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN (DIAGNOSTIK) TINGKATAN 4 2007

FIZIK
KERTAS 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit

(Anda dinasihatkan untuk memperuntukkan masa 90 minit untuk Bahagian A,

30 minit untuk Bahagian B dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian C)

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU.

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian : Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C
2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A, satu soalan Bahagian Soalan Markah Penuh Markah
daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada 1 4
Bahagian C.
2 5
3. Jawapan kepada ketiga-tiga bahagian ini hendaklah
diserahkan bersama-sama. 3 6
4. Jawapan kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam 4 7
ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan. A
5. Jawapan kepada Bahagian B dan Bahagian C 5 8
hendaklah dituliskan pada ruang jawapan yang 6 8
disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. Walau
bagaimanapun kertas tulis tambahan sekiranya 7 10
digunakan, perlulah diikat bersama dengan buku 8 12
soalan ini. Dalam jawapan anda, persamaan, gambar Jumlah Bahagian A 60
rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk
menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh digunakan. 9 20
6. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. B
10 20
7. Markah maksimum yang diperuntukkan ditunjukkan
dalam kurungan pada hujung tiap-tiap soalan atau 11 20
C
bahagian soalan. 12 20
8. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh
diprogramkan dibenarkan. Jumlah Besar

Kertas ini mengandungi 23 halaman bercetak

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The following information mat be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

1. v2 = u2 + 2as
vu
2. a=
t
1
3. s = ut + at2
2
4. Momentum = mv

5. F = ma

6. Kinetic Energy = ½ mv2

7. Gravitational Potential Energy = mgh

1
8. Elastic Potential Energy = Fx
2

9. F = kx

m
10. ρ=
V

11. Pressure in liquid, P = hg

F
12. Pressure, P=
A

13. Heat, Q = mc

14. Heat, Q = mℓ

15. P1V1 = P2V2

V1 V2
16. 
T1 T2

P1 P2
17. 
T1 T2

PV
18. = constant
T

19. g = 10 ms-2

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Section A

[60 marks]

Answer all question

1 Diagram 1 shows velocity – time graph for the motorcycle moving along a straight line.

v / km h-1

12
C
10
A B
8

2
D
0 t / hours
2 4 6 8

Diagram 1

(a) From Diagram 1, state the base quantity.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(b) Name the physical quantity which is represented by the gradient of the line OA.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(c) Which part of the graph that the motorcycle moves with constant velocity.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(d) Descibe how the distance travelled by the motorcycle can be determined from
the graph.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

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2 Diagram 2.0 below shows a metal block of mass 0.5 kg which is put into 0.1 kg
of hot water. Initial temperature of the metal block is 25 0C. After a few minutes,
the metal block and the water achieved the same temperature of 480 C.

[ specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 C-1]

water

Metal block

Diagram 2.0

(a) Why does the temperature of the metal block increase?

………………………………………………………..……………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(b) (i) Explain why the final temperature of both substances are equal?

………………………………………………………..……………………………...

………………………………………………………..……………………………...
[ 2 marks ]

(ii) Calculate the specific heat capacity of the metal block.

[ 2 marks ]

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3 Diagram 3.1 shows a helix spring, S. The spring will compressed when a Force, F
exerts on it.

Diagram 3.2 shows the relationship between the force, F and the extension of the
spring, x.

F/N
1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2
Diagram 3.1
x/m
0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
Diagram 3.2

(a) A law states that;

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied if the

elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded.

Name this law.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(b) Name the physical quantity that can be determined from the gradient of the
graph?

………………………………………………………..……………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(c) Mark with a cross (x) the elastic limit of the spring on Diagram 3.2

[ 1 mark ]

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(d) Calculate the energy stored in the spring when it is compress by 0.04 m.

[ 2 marks ]

(e) Another spring, identical to spring S, is added to the arrangement in

Diagram 3.3. The experiment is then repeated.

Diagram 3.3

Sketch the graph of F against x on diagram 3.2. [ 1 mark ]

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4 Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show a boy looking at his image through two
convex mirrors of different radii of curvature.

(a) State the light phenomenon that causes the image to be formed in the mirror.

………………………………………………………..……………………………... …
[ 1 mark ]

(b) (i) Based on the image formed by the two mirrors, choose which mirror has a
bigger radius of curvature .
Explain.

………………………………………………………..……………………………... …

………………………………………………………..……………………………... …
[ 2 marks ]

(ii) Relate the radius of curvature of the mirror to the size of the image.

………………………………………………………..……………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(iii) In the diagram below, the arrow represents the face as the object of the
mirror. Complete the ray diagram by drawing the required rays to locate the
position of the image.

Convex mirror [ 3 marks]

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5 Diagram 5.1 shows a car that had collided into a tree.

Diagram 5.2 shows another car that had collided into a pile of sand.
Both cars have the same mass of 1000 kg and were driven at the
same speed of 25 ms-1.

Diagram 5.1

Diagram 5.2

(a) What is meant by speed?

………………………………………………………..…………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(b) Using the diagram 5.1 and diagram 5.2,

(i) compare the damage of the two cars

…………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(ii) compare the change of momentum between the two cars

…………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

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(c) State the relationship between the time of impact with the damage of the car

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(d) (i) If the time of impact of the collisions of the car in Diagram 5.1 is 0.2 s,
calculate the rate of change of momentum of the car.

[ 2 marks ]

(ii) State the physics concept which affect the collision of the car.

…………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]

(iii) State the relationship between the time of impact with the answer
from (d) (ii)

………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 1 mark ]

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6 A sheet of paper is stuck onto an air conditioner.

Diagram 6.1 shows the situation of the paper before and after the air conditioner is
switched on.
Diagram 6.2 shows the situation of an aeroplane before and after take off.

Diagram 6.1

Diagram 6.2

(a) Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 :

(i) State two similarities for the situations observed in Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2.

1 ………………… ………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2 ……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 2 marks ]

(ii) compare the speed of the air above and below the paper when the air
conditioner is switched on.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

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(iii) Compare the air pressure above and below the aeroplane when it takes off.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(iv) Relate the speed of air to the pressure of the air.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(b) State the type of the shape of the wing and the aeroplane.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(c) An aeroplane moves with uniform velocity at the altitude of 3000 m.

(i) What happen to the altitude if the aeroplane travels through a low density area.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Give one reason for your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

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7 Diagram 7.1 shows a simple hydraulic jack.

Big piston

Big cylinder
Handle,
HandleLL
Release valve

Valve B hole

pull

Small piston Cylinder P Valve A tank

Diagram 7.1

The surface area of the small piston is 20 cm2 and the surface area of the bigger
piston is 800 cm2.

(a) Name the principle which is involved in the operation of this hydraulic system.

..............................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(b) The handle L is then pulled backwards.

State what happens to valve A and valve B as L is pulled backwards.

Tick  for the appropriate box.

Open Close
Valve A

Valve B

[ 2 marks ]

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(c) A force of 100 N is exerted on the small piston.

(i) Calculate the force produced at the bigger piston

[ 2 marks ]

(ii) When the small piston moves forward at the distance of 60.0 cm,
calculate the distance of the bigger piston.

[ 2 marks ]

(d) State the advantage of using oil in the hydraulic jack compared to the
water.

..............................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(e) Suggest one modification at the bigger piston if it is used to push the lorry
upwards. Give your reason.

...............................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks ]

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8 Diagram 8.1 shows a man pulling a trolley on soft ground.

Diagram 8.2 shows the man pushing the trolley at the same place.
The force acted on the trolley is 40 N. The trolley has a mass of 20 kg.

Diagram 8.1 Diagram 8.2

(a) In Diagrams 8.1 and 8.2, mark the force acted on the trolley.
[ 1 mark ]

(b) What is the weight of the trolley ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]

(c) In the space below draw the components of force 40 N for Diagram 8.1 and
Diagram 8.2

[ 2 marks ]

(d) (i) Determine the values of the vertical component in each diagram

Diagram 8.1 :

Diagram 8.2 :

[ 2 marks ]

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(ii) Calculate the force acted on the ground for each diagram.

Diagram 8.1:

Diagram 8.2 :

[ 2 marks ]

(e) Based on your answer (d)(ii), which method is easier to move the trolley on the
soft ground ? Give one reason for your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

[ 2 marks ]

(f) If the resistance of the ground is 2 N, what is the resultant force of the
horizontal components ?

[ 2 marks ]

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Section B

[ 20 marks ]

Answer any one question

9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 shows a rubber balloon with its neck open.
Balloon B will move faster.

Balloon B
Balloon A

air

air

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

(a) What is meant by momentum.

[ 1 mark ]

(b) i) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the mass of air
discharged and the velocity of the balloon.

ii) State the relationship between the velocity of the balloon with the mass
of air discharged from the balloon.

iii) State one similarity for the situation in Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2.

iv) Name the principle involved.

[ 5 marks ]

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Diagram 9.3

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a boy jumps out of the boat onto the river bank. By using
the relevant physics concept, explain why the boat moves away from the jetty
as he jumps.
[ 4 marks ]

(d) You are representing your school in a water rocket tournament.

Diagram 9.4 shows the basic structure of a water rocket that is being used in
the competition.

Plastic container
Bekas plastik

water

Diagram 9.3

As a participant, you are asked to design and construct a water rocket using a
plastic container. Based on the relevant physics concepts, state and explain
the important features that have to be considered in the construction of the
water rocket.

In your explanation, emphasise the following aspects:

i) the acceleration of the rocket
ii) the structure of the rocket
iii) the upthrust of the rocket

[ 10 marks ]

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10 Diagram 10.1 and diagram 10.2 show the readings of two identical thermometers,
one placed in a beaker containing 500g of water, and another in 500g of cooking oil
which have been heated for 2 minutes. Both liquids are heated at the same rate of
heat. The initial temperature for both liquids were 28 0C.

Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2

(a) (i) What is the meaning of specific heat capacity?

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Using Figures 10.1 and 10.2, compare the temperature, the rate of heat flow
and specific heat capacity.
Relate the specific heat capacity with the rise of temperature to deduce a
physic concept.

[ 5 marks ]

(b) In the day time, the wind blows from the sea to the land. Explain why this
phenomenon happens?

[ 4 marks ]

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(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the features of a car engine radiator that is used to
absorb the heat from the car engine.

Cooling coil

Fin blade
Cooling liquid

Fan

Diagram 10.3

Using your knowledge on the features of cooling liquid and the design of the
car engine radiator, explain how you would design a radiator that can absorb a
large quantity of heat in a short time.
[ 10 marks ]

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Section C

[20 marks]

Answer any one question

11 Diagram 11 shows two pairs of shoes used by a lady. The shoes in Diagram 11.1 is
used when she is going for work in office and the shoes in figure 11.2 is used when
she went for jogging.

Diagram 11.1 Diagram 11.2

(a) What is meant by pressure?

[ 1 mark ]

(b) The shoes in Diagram11.2 is more suitable to used for jogging along the beach
compared to the shoes in Diagram 11.1. Explain why?

[ 4 marks ]

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(c) Diagram 11.3 shows a pair of outdoor shoes suitable for mountain trekking.

Diagram 11.3

Table 11.1 shows the characteristics of five types of materials that can be used
for making the soles of the trekking shoes.

Type of Density Number of studs x Area Expansion Ability to

material (Kg/m -3) of 1 stud effect stretch
P 820 6 x 30 cm2 Low Good
Q 700 8 x 30 cm2 Low Good
R 720 5 x 30 cm2 Medium Average
S 750 4 x 30 cm2 High Poor
T 880 3 x 30 cm2 High Poor

Table 11.1

You are asked to study the characteristics of the materials shown in

Table 11.1. Explain the suitability of each characteristics in Table 11.1 and then
determine the most suitable material to be used. Give a reason for your choice.
[ 10 marks ]

d) A man of mass 60kg runs along a dirt track. The soles of his shoes is 20 cm 2.
He exerts a forward force 0f 100N while the total frictional force from the dirt
track against his running shoes is 20N.

(i) What is the pressure exerted?

[ 2 marks ]

(ii) Find the acceleration of the man?

[ 3 marks ]

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12 (a) Diagram 12.1 shows a cargo ship floats on sea water .

The water level is at R as indicated by the Plimsoll line.

Diagram 12.1

(i) Why does an iron nail sink in water but a cargo ship with a huge mass
floats?
[ 2 marks ]

(ii) What is the function of Plimsoll line?

[ 2 marks ]

(b) The mass of the ship is 9 x 106 kg and the volume of sea water displaced is
7200 m3.

(i) What is meant by density?

[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Calculate the buoyant force of the ship.

[ 3 marks ]

(iii) Calculate the density of the sea water.

[ 2 marks ]

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(c) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of hot air balloon as below.
Explain the suitability for each characteristic for the hot air balloons and then
determine which hot balloon will move up the fastest into the air. Give a reason
for your choice.
[ 10 marks ]
Hot air balloon R

Volume of the balloon , V = 1700 m3

Density of the balloon material, ρ = 1200 kg m-3

Gas temperature
T = 85 oC

Total of mass
m = 50 kg

Hot air balloon S

Volume of the balloon , V = 2190 m3

Density of the balloon material, ρ = 1150 kg m-3

Gas temperature
T = 100 oC

Total of mass
m = 50 kg

Hot air balloon T

Volume of the balloon , V = 2000 m3

Density of the balloon material, ρ = 1400 kg m-3

Gas temperature
T = 110 oC

Total of mass
m = 80 kg

Hot air balloon R

Volume of the balloon , V = 2270 m3

Density of the balloon material, ρ = 1300 kg m-3

Gas temperature
T = 90 oC
Total of mass
4531/2 m = 70 kg SULIT

END OF QUESTION PAPER

 SEKTOR SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH
BAHAGIAN SEKOLAH
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN DIAGNOSTIK TINGKATAN 4

TAHUN 2007

FIZIK

PERATURAN PERMARKAHAN

KERTAS 2
 SECTION A

Section Answer schemes

1 a) Time 1

b) Acceleration 1

c) Part AB 1

b) Calculate the area under the graph. 1

Total 4

2 a) Heat is absorbed by the metal block

1
b) i The rate of heat flows between metal block and the water is the same. 1
The water and the metal block achieve thermal equilibrium. 1

ii. mwater x cwater x θwater = mmetal block x cmetal block x θmetal block
cmetal block = 0.1 x 4200 x (48-28)
0.5 x (48-28) 1
= 840 J kg-1 C-1 1

Total 5

3 a) Hooke’s law 1

b) Spring constant 1

c) At coordinate (0.05, 1.0) 1

d) Energy stored = ½ F x
= ½ (0.8) (0.04 ) 1
= 0. 16 J 1

e) On graph 3.2, the gradient is higher 1

Total 6

2
4 a) Reflection 1

b) i. Diagram 4.1 1
The size of virtual image is smaller 1

ii The bigger the curvature of the mirror, the smaller is the size of its image 1

iii Ray parallel to principal axis diverge from the focal point 1
Ray from top of the object to the centre of curvature,C ,a straight line. 1
The virtual image behind the mirror, upright and diminished. 1

Total 7

5. a) The rate of change of a distance 1

b) i. The damage of the car in diagram 5.1 is greater than the damage of the car in
diagram 5.2 1

ii Same 1

c) The shorter the time of impact,the greater the damage of the car. 1

d) i. F = 1000 ( 0 – 25) 1
0.2
= 125000 @ 1.25 x 105 N 1

ii. Impulsive force 1

e) The longer the time of impact,the lower the impulsive force. 1

Total 8

3
6 a) i. 1. Before the air conditioner is switched on ,the paper is at rest. 1
Before it takes off, the aeroplane moves at the same height

2. After the air conditioner is switched on ,the paper lifted

After it takes off, the aeroplane moves upwards. 1

ii. The air speed above the paper is higher than the air speed below the paper 1

iii. The air pressure above the aeroplane is lower than the air pressure below the 1
aeroplane when it take off.

iv. The higher the speed of the air,the lower the pressure of the air. 1

( b) Aerofoil 1

(c)i Altitude decrease 1

ii Upthrust force decrease // less air molecules moving 1

Total 8

7 a) Pascal’s principle 1

b) Valve A : close ( √ ) 1
Valve B : open ( √ ) 1

c) i. 100 = FB
20 800
FB = 100 x 800
20 1
= 4000 N. 1

ii. 60 x 20 = d x 800
d = 60 x 20
800 1
= 1.67 cm 1

d) Oil is difficult to evaporate/ / not easier to compress 1

e) Increase the surface area of bigger piston. 1

Produce a higher force on the bigger piston. 1

Total 10

4
8 a) Diagram 8.1 diagram 8.2
1

b) 200 N 1

c)

40 sin 300 40 cos 300

300

1
40 sine 300 1
0
30
40 cos 300

d) i. Diagram 8.1:
FY = Cos 60
40
FY = 40 x 0.5 = 20 N
1
Diagram 8.2:
FY = Cos 60
40
FY = 40 x 0.5 = 20 N 1

ii. Diagram 8.1:

200 – 20 = 180 N 1

Diagram 8.2 :
200 + 20 = 220 N 1

e) Method in diagram 8.1 1

The force acts to the ground is lower. 1

5
 f) The horizontal components of force 40 N
= 40 x cos 30
= 40 x 0.866
= 34.64 N 1

Resultant force = 34. 64 – 2 = 32. 64 N. 1

Total 12

SECTION B

9.a) Product of mass and velocity 1

b) Mass of air discharged in diagram 9.2 > diagram 9.1 1

Balloon B has bigger velocity. 1
When the mass of air discharged increased,the velocity of the balloon also
increased. 1
The direction of the balloon movement is opposite to the direction of air
discharged. 1
The Principle of conservation of momentum. 1
c) When the boy jumps onto the riverbank,his momentum is forward. 1
Using the Principle of conservation of momentum, 1
the total momentum before and after jumping is equal. 1
The boat moves backward to balance the forward momentum. 1

d)
Aerodynamics / cone shape at Reducing of air friction 2
top
Small mass Higher rate of acceleration 2
Less than half of the bottle Enough space for increasing air 2
filled with water pressure
Big buoyant force 2
3 or 4 wings The stability of the rocket. 2

TOTAL 20
10.a)i Specific heat capacity
-The amount of energy that must be transferred to change the temperature of
one kilogram material by 1oC or 1K. 1

a)ii The temperature of the water/in diagram 10.1 is lower than the temperature of
the cooking oil/in diagram 10.2. 1
Both are heated at the same rate of heat. 1
The rise/increase of temperature in diagram 10.2 is faster. 1

6
 The specific heat capacity for water is higher than the specific heat capacity for 1
cooking oil.
The higher the specific heat capacity of a material,the rate of increase of 1
temperature slower.

b) During the day,the land and the sea receive the same amount of heat from the
sun. 1
Water has a higher specific capacity than the land. 1
The land is heated to a higher temperature than the sea/The density of the air
above the sea is higher than the density of the air above the land. 1
The air above the land flows up and the air above the sea flows towards the
land. 1

c) Modification Explaination
Use a larger fan Can cool down a larger area 1+1
Increase the number of fin blades Can cool down easily 1+1
Use the cooling liquid with higher It won’t boil easily.
boiling point. 1+1
Use the cooling liquid with higher Can absorb a larger amount of heat.
specific heat capacity 1+1
Increase the length/area of cooling Can transfer a larger amount of
coil heat to the surrounding/
Can transfer the heat faster to the
surrounding. 1+1

TOTAL 20

SECTION C

11.a) Pressure
-The force acting normally per unit area. 1

b) The area in contact with the ground for the shoes in figure 11.2 is larger than
the the shoes in figure 11.1. 1
The pressure exerted by the shoes in figure 11.2 is lower than the shoes in
figure 11.1. 1
The shoes in figure 11.2 is difficult to sink into the ground compared to the
shoes in figure 11.1. 1
So,it is easier to run using the shoes in figure 11.2. 1

7
 c)
Characteristic Reasons
Low density Small mass/light 1+1
Many/fewer/very few studs Gives extra/higher grip 1+1
Expansion effect is low Always fits/Does not loosen when
hot. 1+1
Ability to stretch is good Less stress on the feet/
Can be pushed in all directions/
Can walk on uneven surface. 1+1

The most suitable material is Q 1

Because it has a low density,many studs,low expansion effect and good ability
to stretch. 1

d)i P = 60 x 10 @ P = 60 x 10
20 x 10-4 20 1
= 300,000 @ 3.0 x 105 Pa = 30 Ncm-2 1

ii. a =F
m
= 100 - 20 1
60 1
= 1.33 ms-2 1

TOTAL 20
12 a)i. A cargo ship displaces a larger volume of water. 1
The buoyant force acted on the ship is higher, 1

ii. The function of Plimsoll line.

-To indicate the maximum permissible loading levels of the ship in different
regions around the world/
To indicate the safety limit. 2

b) i. The mass devided with volume 1

ii. Buoyant Force = Weight

= 9 x 106 x 10 1
= 9 x 107 N 1

iii. Buoyant Force = ρVg 1

ρ = 9 x 107
7200 x 10 1
= 1250 kgm-3 1

8
c)
Characteristic Explaination
Volume of the balloon is high Displace a larger amount of air/
Produce a higher buoyant force. 1+1
Density of the balloon material is Lower mass/Light
low 1+1
Gas temperature is high Produce a maximum expansion of
balloon. 1+1
Total of mass is low Upwards resultant force is higher/
Balloon move upwards faster. 1+1
The hot balloon will move up fastest is Q 1
Because it has a high volume,the density of the balloon material is low,the gas
temperature is high and the total mass is low. 1

TOTAL 20