C LEVEL - GRAMMAR – THE 3rd WEEK

THE PRESENT PERFECT

THE PAST PARTICIPLE:
The past participle is one of the principal parts of a verb.
It is used in the PRESENT PERFECT tense, the PAST PERFECT tense and passive.
The past participle of regular verbs is the same as the SIMPLE PAST form: both end in -ed.:

REGULAR VERBS finish finished finished

stop stopped stopped
wait waited waited
IRREGULAR VERBS see saw seen
make made made
put put put

EXERCISE 1: Write the PAST PARTICIPLE .

SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
1. finish finished finished
2. see saw …………………..
3. have had …………………..
4. meet met …………………..
5. call called …………………..
6. fall fell …………………..
7. do did …………………..
8. know knew …………………..
9. fly flew …………………..
10. come came …………………..
11. study studied …………………..
12. stay stayed …………………..
13. begin began …………………..
14. write wrote …………………..
15. eat ate …………………..
16. cut cut …………………..
17. read read …………………..
18. be was/were …………………..
19. become became …………………..
20. bite bit bitten …………………..
21. break broke …………………..
22. bring brought …………………..
23. build built …………………..
24. buy bought …………………..
25. catch caught …………………..
26. choose chose …………………..
27. cost cost …………………..
28. cut cut …………………..
29. drink drank …………………..
30. drive drove …………………..
31. feel felt …………………..
32. find found …………………..
33. fly flown …………………..
34. forget forgot …………………..
35. forgive forgave …………………..

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 36. get gotten …………………..
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

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The "Recent" Past

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MEANINGS of the PRESENT PEFECT TENSE

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FORMS of the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

EXERCISE 2: Forms of the present perfect.

EXERCISE 3:
Past Participles. Put the correct verb form in each blank.

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 be become break buy come
drive feel find forget have know
make meet put read sleep
take teach tell wake up spend

1. Have you .................your children to the new swimming pool ?

2. It was a terrible accident-his leg was ............in three places.
3. I am sorry, but I’ve ............ your surname.
4. Has he ............ your parents yet ?
5. I’ve ............ like this since I first met you.
6. Are you alone, or has jhın ............ too ?
7. It’S a British car, but some of the parts were ............ in Spain.
8. It’s so nice and quite here - I haven’t ............ so well since I was a child!
9. Have you ............ this morning’s newspaper ?
10. Not much was ............ about nuclear power until this century.
11. Has she ever ............ on the left side of the road before?
12. When I was in the arm, we were ............ by a bell ring at 6.30.
13. That yough boy that was missing was ............ by the police this morning.
14. Since tihs stamps was ............ on my passports, I’ve never ............ any trouble getting in or out of
England.
15. I don’t know when he started working here, but he’s ............ here for a long time.
16. Do you know how much money is ............ on medicine in England every year ?
17. Is English ............ in primary schools in your country ?
18. I’ve ............most of my friends, but Jean doesn’t know yet.
19. The weather has ............ rather cold over the last few days.
20. Have you ............ everthing you need for dinner, or would you like me to pick something up on
my way home ?

READING 1

EXERCISE 4: Write the correct form of the verb in the Present Perfect Tense on the line. Use the
negative when necessary.

Roberta Stack is making a lot of progress in her career as a concert pianist. This year she
(give) .................. more than thirty concerts in the U. S. and twenty other countries around the world.
She (travel) .................... to almost every country in Europe and Africa, but she still
(visit) .......................... any countries in Asia. She wants to do an Asian tour next year, if possible. Right
now she is busy working on her newest album. She (finish) .......................... recording all of it yet, but
she has to stop working on the album soon, because she (accept) .......................... an offer to compose
music for a movie.
EXERCISE 5: READING 2 Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions.
TOM BUSH, NURSE PRACTTIONER
I left school three years ago and tried different jobs. I didn't enjoy any of them. But then I decided

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what I wanted to do -become a male nurse in a hospital. I've been at nursing college for two years now, and I've
just taken my final exams. At the interview they asked me 'Have you ever been in hospital?' and I said 'No, I've
never been ill myself, but I've visited lots of sick people.' They asked 'Do you really want to do this sort of
work?' and I told them 'Of course. I want to help people.' And that's the real reason I want to do this job. I really
enjoy it.
1. What does Tom think about his work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Has the writer ever visited a hospital? Why?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
EXERCISE 6: READING 3

IN the NEWS
.. .And now some late news which has just come in. The government has announced that
the President has resigned. He has refused to speak to the press until tomorrow, but we
understand he has decided to spend more time with his wife. We have received no
details of when the President is going to leave from his house. His Press Officer said 'I
haven't spoken to him yet, so I don't know any more than you do.

1. Who wants to spend more time with his family? …………………………………………………………………………………

2. Why has the President made his decision? ………………………………………………………………………………..
3. When is he going to leave? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Has the Press Officer spoken to him? ……………………………………………………………………………………………
EXERCISE 7: READING 4
DIANA
Now read about DIANA starting her career and then write questions about her.

Diana has always wanted to be an engineer. When she was at school, her teachers laughed at
her and gave her no help. Since she left school, she has written letters to all the engineering
firms in her home town. Many have not even replied. Last July, she eventually got an interview
with a local company. The interview lasted twenty-five minutes. The main question was 'How
do you feel about working with men?' A boy from her old school also had an interview. His interview lasted
forty-five minutes and he got the job.
Your questions 1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Your questions 2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Your questions 2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXERCISE 8: HAVE YOU EVER..........? Answer the questions.

1. Have you ever been to California? (-)
____________________________________________________
2. Has your father ever helped you do your English homework? (+ / 1)
____________________________________________________
3. Has your brother ever had a traffic accident? When?
____________________________________________________
4. Have you ever tried to learn how to drive a car? (+ / 1)
____________________________________________________
5. Has your English teacher ever shouted at you? When?
____________________________________________________
6. Have you ever met a famous politician? When?
____________________________________________________
7. Has your mother ever cooked "fried fish with mayonnaise" for you?(-)
____________________________________________________

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8. Have you ever seen a house breaker breaking into a house? When?
____________________________________________________
9. Have your English teachers ever organized a picnic for you? (-)
____________________________________________________
10. Have you ever watched a lion eating an animal in its cage? When?
____________________________________________________
11. Have you ever won any money on the National Lottery? When?
____________________________________________________
12. Has your father ever taken you to the theatre? When?
____________________________________________________
13. Has your deskmate ever made you get angry? When?
____________________________________________________
14. Have you ever got the best point from the quizzes in English?(+ / many)
____________________________________________________
15. Has your father ever bought an expensive present on your birthday? When?
____________________________________________________
16. Have you ever beaten someone? (-)
____________________________________________________

EXERCISE 9: Ask questions.

17. ____________________________________________________?
Yes, I have. I bought a bottle of expensive perfume for her on her birthday
18. ____________________________________________________?
No, I haven't.
19. ____________________________________________________?
Yes, he has. He was late for school two days ago.
20. ____________________________________________________?
Yes, once. I was there two years ago.
21. ____________________________________________________?
Yes, I have. I shouted at him yesterday.
22. ____________________________________________________?
Yes, I have. I got angry with him when he broke my pencil.
23. ____________________________________________________?
No, she has never helped me do it.
____________________________________________________?

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 SINCE- FOR
SINCE:
Examples:
1. We've been waiting here since two o'clock.
2. I haven't played football since I left university.
3. The factory has been here since the 1970s.
4. I left school in 1995, and since then I've lived in London.

FOR
Examples:
1. He has been here for five minutes, but he left.
2. My father has been at work for seven hours.
3. Our manager has been on holiday for eight days

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 EXERCISE 10a: Use “since” and “for”

1. ________ two months

2. ________ September
3. ________ 1988
4. ________ last year
5. ________ two years
6. ________ last Friday
7. ________ 9:30
8. ________ three days
9. ________ the first of January
10. ________the beginning of the term
11.________ the semester
12.________ the first day of January
13.________ almost four months
14.________ fifteen minutes
15.________ the semester started
16.________ a couple of hours
17.________ yesterday
18.________ about five weeks

EXERCISE 10b: Rewrite the following sentences by using Since/For

1. I lived in Beykent in 1996, and I live in Beykent now.

(since) _________________________________________________
(for) ___________________________________________________

2. I was at school in October, and I am at school now.

(since) _________________________________________________
(for) ___________________________________________________

3. She liked him in 1991, and she likes him now.

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 (since) __________________________________________________
(for) ____________________________________________________

4. I needed a new apartment in December, and I need one now.

(since) __________________________________________________
(for) ____________________________________________________

5. My grandfather was sick last year, and he is still sick.

(since) __________________________________________________
(for) ____________________________________________________
6. I knew him in 1990, and I still know him.
(since) _________________________________________________
(for) ___________________________________________________

7. He wore jeans on Tuesday, and he’s wearing jeans now (Saturday)

(since) __________________________________________________
(for) ____________________________________________________

EXERCISE 11: Complete the sentences.

1. I have worked at __________________________________since_______

2. I have known ___________________________________ for __________
3. He has studied English since __________________________________
He has studied English for __________________________________
4. She has had a headache __________________________________
5. He has worn jeans since __________________________________
He has worn jeans for __________________________________

PRESENT PERFECT PRACTICE (SINCE / FOR)

EXERCISE 12:
Combine the sentences by using SıNCE or FOR

1. We know this song. We learned it 3 weeks ago. (for)…………………………………………………………...

2. They live in Canada. They moved there in December. (since)………………………………………………...
3. I like French movies. I liked them last year. (for)..……………………………………………………………...
4. I know Mrs. Brown. I met her last month. (since)……………………………………………………………...

EXERCISE 13:
PRESENT PERFECT INTERVIEW (SINCE/FOR)

Ask and answer . Use SINCE in your answers

1. How long/you/live/in Istanbul?

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
2. How long/you/study English?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. How long/you/know/your grammar teacher?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. How long/you/speak/your language?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
A. Write the answers again, and use “for”. Begin with “he” or “she”. Write complete sentences.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
3. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
4. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
6. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...

YET – ALREADY - JUST

YET: until now, still; until the present time; The idea of YET: Something did not happened before now,
but it may happen in the future. Example:
I expected the mail an hour ago, but it hasn’t come yet. (Yet is used in negative and question sentences.)
Examples:
I haven't spoken to her yet!
Haven't you eaten your lunch yet?
He hasn't finished yet.
I got the book a month ago and I haven't yet had a chance to read it.
"Are you ready?" "Not yet - wait a moment."
"Is the cake cooked?" "Not (quite) yet - give it five more minutes."
"Have you finished your homework?" "Not yet."
Has the new washing machine arrived yet?
Have they said anything about the money yet?
I haven't been to the new exhibit yet, but I hope to this weekend.

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ALREADY: earlier than the time expected, in a short time or before the present time;
the idea of ALREADY: Something happened before now, before this time.
"Do you want to come to the Van Gogh exhibition with me?" "No, I've already seen it."
The company already owns three national newspapers.
A test for the disease already exists, but the new test will be quicker and cheaper.
As I have already mentioned, I doubt that we will able to raise all the money we need.
"Would you mind giving the bath a quick clean?" "I've already done it."

JUST: now or (almost) at the same time, or very soon, or very recently
I've just recently seen Mary.
I have just been introduced by one of your own men here
I have just received these books from Handan.
They have just moved into a new house.
I have just found a virus on my computer that I cannot find any information about it.
The has just left, sorry.

EXERCISE 14:

The Present Perfect Tense with SINCE, FOR, JUST, ALREADY, YET.
A- Change the sentences.

1. My father has been abroad for a long time. (-)

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 ____________________________________________________
2. The street cleaners have just stopped working. (yet)
____________________________________________________
3. I've already telephoned him. (yet)
____________________________________________________
4. She has just left home. (?)
____________________________________________________
5. I haven't done my homework yet. (already)
____________________________________________________
6. They have just had lunch. (yet)
____________________________________________________

B- Answer the questions.

7. What kind of dictionary have you bought?
____________________________________________________
8. Has your mother cooked dinner yet? (already)
____________________________________________________
9. Have you finished your homework yet? (just)
____________________________________________________
10. What has your uncle done? (see a UFO)
____________________________________________________
11. What has Julia bought? (an enormous yacht)
____________________________________________________
12. Have your parents gone to Australia to work? (+)
____________________________________________________
13. What have you done since 5 o'clock? (draw a map)
____________________________________________________
14. Have you ever traveled by plane? (+ / once)
____________________________________________________

EXERCISE 15:
Fill in the blanks with JUST, YET, SINCE, and FOR.

15. a) He has_______ done the washing up.

b) I have been ill_______ a week.
16. a) Tim hasn't called me_______.
b) She has_______ signed the contract.
17. a) The plane has_______ left the airport.
b) I haven't smoked a cigarette_______ two days.
18. a) He has been in the teachers' room_______ almost an hour.
b) We haven’t been to the theatre_______ a year.
19. a) It hasn't rained in Turkiye_______ June.
b) She has worked as a secretary_______ ten years.
20. a) I haven't seen my aunt_______ last year.
b) I haven't had lunch_______.
21. a) I haven't met her_______ ages.
b) He hasn't posted the letter_______.

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22. a) My penfriend hasn't written to me_______ a long time.
b) It's a long time_______ I saw her.
23. a) It's ages_______ he left his job.
b) My mother has_______ left home.
24. a) My father has worked for that firm_______ 1967.
b) My cat hasn't eaten anything_______ the weekend.
25. a) Has your uncle found his stolen car_______?
b) They have lived in Ankara_______ their first child was born.

SIMPLE PAST- PRESENT PERFECT

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EXERCISE16: SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT

EXERCISE 17: PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT 1 (Verb Review)

1. I _____________________ (move) to Seattle in January. I _____________________ (live) here for 3 months now. I
_____________________ (live) in Canada from 1978 to 1980.

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2. My friend ______________ (live) in Seattle since 1990.
3. My teacher in my country was British. I _________________ (study) with her for 1 year.
4. Now my teacher is American. I _________________ (study) with her since the beginning of the quarter.
5. My father __________________ (work) hard all of his life. (he is dead.)
6. My father __________________ (work) hard all of his life. (He is alive.)
7. My friend works at Microsoft now, but before that, she ____________________ (have) a job with Boeing.
8. Since January, I _________________ (have) a great job. I feel very lucky.
9. My parents ____________________ (like) my girlfriend since they met her.

EXERCISE 18: PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT 1 (Verb Review)

Last night, I _______________________________ (talk) to my friend. She___________ (have) great news. She’s getting
married soon. But she ___________________ (tell/not) her parents yet. They __________________________________
(be) angry at her for two weeks because she ____________________________________ (borrow) their car
and________________ (have) an accident two weeks ago.

EXERCISE 19: PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT 1 (Verb Review)

Last week, I _____________ (meet) my friend at a Restaurant. We _____________ (have) many things to talk
about. He is married now. He __________________ (be) married for 2 years. Since 1990, he
_______________ (work) for a travel agency. He ____________ (travel)around the world two times and he is
going to go again next year. I _____________ (meet/never) his wife. He___________________ (say) she likes to travel,
too.

EXERCISE 21: PAST, PAST PROGRESSIVE, PRESENT PERFECT (Verb Review)

A: Something uncomfortable ___________________ (happen) last night.
B: What?
A: It ___________________ (be) about 10:00. I ___________________
(hear) a noise. My neighbors _______________________ (fight). They
_____________________ (shout) a long time.
B: How long _____________________________ (you/know) them?
A: Let’s see. They _________________________ (move) here in 1995.
I guess I _______________________________ (know) them for about 9 years.
But I don’t think they _____________________ (ever/fight) before.
B. _______________________ (you/call) the police?
A: No. But next time I will.

EXERCISE 22: PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT 1 (Verb Review)

1. Since I was a child, I _________________________ (like) collecting stamps.

2. When I was child, I __________________________ (collect) coins.
3. Last night, I ________________________________ (have) an interesting dream. Actually, for the last
three weeks, I ________________ (have) interesting dreams.
a. I really expect to get a high TOEFL® Test score. I ___________________________
(study) for this exam for 6 months.
4. My friend is also taking the TOEFL® Test. She __________________ (study) one
day last week. Since she was in elementary school, she __________________ (like/not) to study.
5. This vacation, my family is going skiing. For the last three vacations, we
_____________ (go) skiing together. My mother _______________________ (be) a great skier when she was younger but
now she doesn’t enjoy it so much.

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6. My father _____________(be) a great skier for all of his life. His father _______________ (be) a champion skier for many
years, but he _____________ (die) last year.

USEFUL LINKS
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE - EXERCISES
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simple/exercises?03
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/exercise1.swf
http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/englishfile/elementary/a_grammar/file09/grammar09_a01/
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/exercise3.swf
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/exercise4.swf
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/exercise5.swf
http://perso.orange.fr/raud.dugal/intermediate/preterit/exercise1.htm
http://www.longman.com/ae/azar/grammar_ex/materials/documents/EDCC3_FEG4b.doc
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE – PAST SİMPLE
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-preper
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE – THEORY + EXERCİSES
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-simple
http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/menu.php
http://gocsm.net/sevas/esl/reviewlesson/presperf3a.html
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE – THEORY
http://www.learn-english-today.com/free-english-lessons/free-english-lesson_contents/present_perfect_lesson.html
http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/recursos_informaticos/andared02/the_happy/tenses/form/perfectform.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/pres_perf.htm
http://www.1-language.com/englishcoursenew/unit52_grammar.htm

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THE PRESENT PERFECT OR SIMPLE PAST
1. I (know) ______Carl since I (be) ______ a little child.
a. have known, have been
b. have known, was
c. knew, have been
d. knew, was
e. -
2. ______ you (see) ______ Annemie today ? I (see) ______her this morning but I
(not see) ______her since.
a. Did you see... I saw ... I didn't see...
b. Did you see... I have seen ... I haven't seen...
c. Have you seen ... I have seen... I didn't see ...
d. Have you seen ... I saw ... I haven't seen ...
e. Have you seen ... I have seen ... I haven't seen ...
3. Since last year traffic (double) _____. It (increase) ______ from 25 cars per
minute in 1997 to 50 now.
a. doubled, increased
b. doubled, has increased
c. has doubled, increased
d. has doubled, has increased
e. is doubling, increased
4. Helen (work) ______ so hard today that she (have) ______no time to play her
weekly game of tennis.
a. worked, had
b. worked, has had
c. has worked, has had
d. has worked, had
e. had worked, had
5. We (spend) ______most of the time working on the project. April 1997 (be)
______work, no play!
a. have spend, was
b. have spent, was
c. have spent, has been
d. spent, was
d. spent, has been
6. The sun was shining. We quickly (check) ___all the locks and (drive) ___ off.
a. checked, have driven
b. have checked, drove
c. have checked, have driven
d. have checked, has driven
e. checked, drove
7. My late grandfather never (see)___ the sea. (late: dead)
a. never saw
b. has never seen
c. sees
d. saw never
e. ----
8. My uncle George never (see) ___ the sea. I (hear) ___ him make plans last
week though.
a. never saw, heard
b. never saw, have heard
c. has never seen, heard
d. has never seen, have heard
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e. has never seen, has heard

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