Experiment

No: 8 Experimental verification of “Three dimensional

Date:
relieving effect”.

To understand the concept of “three dimensional relieving effect” and to find out the
Aim difference between flow over 2 dimensional model and 3 dimensional model without
changing the model wedge angle

Why this
- To experimentally verify the ‘’ Three dimensional relieving effect”
study?

- Mach 2 Convergent Divergent Nozzle

- Supersonic Tunnel
Apparatus
Required - 3D Model (ex: a missile nose cone, a bullet etc)
- Schlieren Setup
- Digital Camera

𝑀𝑛2
𝑀𝑛1 – 𝑀1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 & 𝑀2 =
sin (𝛽− 𝜃)
Formula used
 Use θ – β – M curve in ” Appendix F - Table A3” for solving oblique shock problem

 Fix firmly the 3D ‘missile model’ inside the supersonic test section
 Switch on the light source of schlieren
 Adjust the concave mirror 1 in such a way that the light ray from the the light
source aligned to the visualization window of test section
 Position the concave mirror 2 in such a way that it receives the parallel light beam
passing through test section from concave mirror 1
Procedure
 Carefully adjust the the concave mirror 2 so that the reflected beam pass through
the knife edge
 Adjust the knife edge until we get clear shadow of model in the camera/screen
 Run the tunnel at Mach 2
 Take photograph of shock formation on the model
 Compare the shock angle, expansion fan angle with your analytical results
 Experimental (3D cone model) Analytical (2D wedge model)
Table
required

Upstream Shock 32 39.30

Angle
Upstream μ1= 40° μ1=37.22
Expansion fan
angle μ2=20° μ2=30.33
Downstream μ1= 40° μ1=37.22
Expansion fan
angle μ2=20° μ2=30.33
Downstream 32 39.90
Shock Angle

Diagram / schlieren Photograph of 3D Missile cone at Mach 2

Photo Vs
required schematic diagram of 2D wedge model shock wave system at M 2

Inference Refer “Appendix E”

Graph
- Nil -
Required
verification of “Three dimensional relieving effect”.
Conclusion
 Repeat the same experiment for other 3D models and compare your analytical
results with the experimental results
Activity
 Do computational analysis on the 3D missile cone model and compare the results
with your experimental results
Further  Gas Dynamics “ Ethirajan Rathakrishnan” PHI Learning Private Limited-New Delhi
Readings  Modern compressible flow “J.D.Anderson” Tata McGraw Hill