API 650 Tank Roof Design

Page 1 of 47
Saipem - 2250_App.V_DOME
TANK REPORT: Printed - 12-12-2010 23:35:02
ETANK FULL REPORT - 2250_App.V_DOME

ETank2000 Demo 1.9.8 (08 Dec 2009)
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1
ETANK SETTINGS SUMMARY PAGE 2
SUMMARY OF DESIGN DATA AND REMARKS PAGE 3
SUMMARY OF RESULTS PAGE 5
SHELL COURSE DESIGN PAGE 17
SHELL COURSE SUMMARY PAGE 26
BOTTOM DESIGN PAGE 28
BOTTOM DESIGN PAGE 32
WIND MOMENT PAGE 33
SEISMIC MOMENT PAGE 36
ANCHOR BOLT DESIGN PAGE 39
CAPACITIES AND WEIGHTS PAGE 45
MAWP & MAWV SUMMARY PAGE 46

Page 2 of 47
ETANK SETTINGS SUMMARY
To Change These ETank Settings, Go To Tools->Options, Behavior Tab.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
No 650 Appendix F Calcs when Tank P = 0 -> Default : False
-> This Tank : False
* * NOTE: Ignored (Since App. F calcs apply per 650 1.1.1.)
Repad 650 Design Basis
-> Default for Tank Roof Nozzles : Use API Default 1/4 in.
-> This Tank : Use API Default 1/4 in.
Show MAWP / MAWV Calcs : True
Enforce API Minimum thicknesses : True
Enforce API Maximum Roof thickness : True
Enforce Minimum Self Supp. Cone Pitch (2 in 12) : True
Force Non-Annular Btm. to Meet API-650 5.5.1 : False
Set t.actual to t.required Values : False
Maximum 650 App. S or App. M Multiplier is 1 : True
Enforce API Maximum Nozzle Sizes : True
Max. Self Supported Roof thickness : 0.5 in.
Max. Tank Corr. Allowance : 0.5 in.
External pressure calcs subtract C.A. per V.5 : True
Use Gauge Material for min thicknesses : False
Page 3 of 47
SUMMARY OF DESIGN DATA and REMARKS
Job : 2250_App.V_DOME
Date of Calcs. : 12-12-2010 , 11:34 PM
Mfg. or Insp. Date : 12-11-1994
Designer : JEFFCOAT SMITT
Project : PR-2250-92
Tag Number : TK-2250
Plant : PLANT 1
Plant Location : COLUMBIA, SC
Site : COLUMBIA, SC
Design Basis : API-650 11th Edition, Addendum 1, Nov 2008
----------------------------------------------------------------------
- TANK NAMEPLATE INFORMATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
- Operating Ratio: 0.4
- Design Standard:
- API-650 11th Edition, Addendum 1, Nov 2008 -
- API-650 Appendices Used: F.1.3, V -
- Roof : A-36: 0.25in. -
- Shell (5): A-36: 0.1875in. -
- Shell (4): A-36: 0.25in. -
- Shell (3): A-36: 0.25in. -
- Shell (2): A-36: 0.3125in. -
- Shell (1): A-240 Type 304L: 0.3125in. -
- Bottom : A-537 Class 2: 0.25in. -
- Annular Ring : A-36: 1.5in. -
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Design Internal Pressure = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

Design External Pressure = -0.5 PSI or -13.86 IN. H2O
MAWP = 2.5000 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

MAWV = -0.6749 PSI or -18.70 IN. H2O
Design Temperature = 200 Deg.F

Seismic Zone = 2A Importance Factor = 1
Site Amplification Factor = 1.5 Basic Wind Velocity = 120 mph
Ground Snow Load = 20 lbf/ft^2 Roof Live Load = 25 lbf/ft^2
Total Roof Dead Load = 35.5333 lbf/ft^2
S.G. of Contents = 0.9 Tank Joint Efficiency = 1
OD of Tank = 18 ft Shell Height = 20 ft

Max. Liq. Level = 20 ft
DESIGN NOTES
NOTE 1 : There are tank calculation warnings.

Search for * * Warning * * notes.
NOTE 2 : Per API-650 F.7.6 - Hydro test pressure = 1.25 * P
= 3.125 PSI or 86.61 IN. H2O
** NOTE **
A Minimum Liquid Level of 1 ft. has been used for this model
as entered on the Shell Design Screen.
Page 4 of 47
DESIGNER REMARKS
THIS IS A SERIES OF REMARKS FOR THIS FILE OKAY? OK

Page 5 of 47
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
Shell Material Summary (Bottom is 1)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shell Width Material Sd St Weight CA
# (ft) (psi) (psi) (lbf) (in)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 4 A-36 23,200 24,900 1,729 0.0625
4 4 A-36 23,200 24,900 2,304 0.0625
3 4 A-36 23,200 24,900 2,304 0.0625
2 4 A-36 23,200 24,900 2,879 0.0625
1 4 A-240 Type 304L 19,200 16,700 3,024 0.0625
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Weight 12,240
Shell API 650 Summary (Bottom is 1)

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Shell t.design(Sd) t.test(St) t.external t.required t.actual
# (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
5 0.0796 0.0165 0.1557 0.1875 0.1875
4 0.0869 0.024 0.1557 0.1875 0.25
3 0.0941 0.0315 0.1557 0.1875 0.25
2 0.1014 0.0391 0.1557 0.1875 0.3125
1 0.1183 0.0694 0.1557 0.236 0.3125
-----------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: t.external includes Corrosion Allowance, per user option.
Self Supported Domed Roof; Material = A-36
t.required = 0.225 in.

t.actual = 0.25 in.
Roof Joint Efficiency = 0.85
Weight = 2,768 lbf
Bottom Type: Flat Bottom: Annular

Bottom Floor Material = A-537 Class 2
t.actual = 0.25 in.
Bottom Joint Efficiency = 1
Annular Bottom Plate Material : A-36

Minimum Annular Ring Thickness = 0.236 in.
t_Annular_Ring = 1.5 in.
Minimum Annular Ring Width = 121.46 in.
W_Annular_Ring = 121.46 in.
Total Weight of Bottom = 15,796 lbf
ANCHOR BOLTS: (8) 1.25in. UNC Bolts, A-193 Gr B7
TOP END STIFFENER: L3x3x3/8, A-36, 411. lbf

QTY (2) INTERMEDIATE STIFFENERS: A-36
Stiffener #1: 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), 1380. lbf, Elev. = 11.71 ft.
Stiffener #2: 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), 1380. lbf, Elev. = 17.21 ft.
Page 6 of 47
<Roof Design Per API 650>
DOMED ROOF: A-36
JEr = Roof Joint Efficiency = 0.85

Lr = Entered Roof Live Load = 25 lbf/ft²
Lr_1 = Computed Roof Live Load, including External Pressure
S = Ground Snow Load = 20 lbf/ft²

SL = Design Snow Load (per ASCE 7-05 Fig. 7 and API-650 Sec. 5.2.1.e)
= 0.84 * S = 16.8 lbf/ft²
Dead_Load = Insulation + Plate_Weight + Added_Dead_Load

= (8)(2/12) + 10.1988 + 24
= 35.5333 lbf/ft^2
Roof Loads (per API-650 Appendix R)
Pe = PV*144 = 0.5*144 = 72 lbf/ft^2
e.1 = DL + MAX(SL,Lr) + 0.4*Pe

= 35.5333 + 25 + 0.4*72.0000
= 89.333 lbf/ft^2
e.2 = DL + Pe + 0.4*MAX(SL,Lr)
= 35.5333 + 72.0000 + 0.4*25
= 117.533 lbf/ft^2
T = Roof Design Load (per API-650 Appendix R)

= MAX(e.1,e.2)
= 117.533 lbf/ft^2
Lr_1 = T = 117.533 lbf/ft^2
Dish Radius (Rs) = 18 ft
Alpha = 60.0000 degrees (angle between the Normal to the roof and
a horizontal line at the
roof-to-shell juncture)
Theta = 30.0000 degrees (angle between the Normal to the roof and
a vertical line at the
roof-to-shell juncture)
Rs = R1 = R2 = 216 in.
Rc = ID/2 = 107.8125 in.
<Weight, Surface Area, and Projected Areas of Roof>
hR = Height of Roof
= R - SQRT[R^2 - (OD/2)^2]
= 18 - SQRT[18^2 - (18/2)^2]
= 2.403 ft
Page 7 of 47
t_ins = Thickness of Roof Insulation

= 0.1667 ft
Ap_Vert = Vertical Projected Area of Roof
= PI*([R + t_ins]^2)(Alpha/360) - OD*([R + t_ins] - hR)/2
= PI*(18.1667^2)(59.9728/360) - 18*(18.1667 - 2.403)/2
= 30.8509 ft^2
Horizontal Projected Area of Roof (Per API-650 5.2.1.f)
Xw = Moment Arm of UPLIFT wind force on roof

= 0.5*OD
= 0.5*18
= 9 ft
Ap = Projected Area of roof for wind moment
= PI*R^2
= PI*9^2
= 254.469 ft^2
Roof_Area = 288*PI*R*hR
= 288*PI*18*2.403
= 39,086 in^2
Weight = (Density)(t)(Roof_Area)
= (0.2833)(0.25)(39,086)
= 2,768 lbf (New)
= 2,076 lbf (Corroded)
< Uplift on Tank > (per API-650 F.1.2)
NOTE: This flat bottom tank is assumed supported by the bottom plate.
If tank not supported by a flat bottom, then uplift calculations
will be N.A., and for reference only.
For flat bottom tank with self supported roof,

Net_Uplift = Uplift due to design pressure less
Corroded weight of shell and roof plates.
= P * PI / 4 * D ^ 2 * 144 «
- Corr. shell - Corr. roof weight
= 2.5 * 3.1416 / 4 * 324 * 144 «
- 9,335 - 2,076
= 80,198 lbf
< Uplift Case per API-650 1.1.1 >
P_Uplift = 91,609 lbf

W_Roof_Plates (corroded) = 2,076 lbf
W_Shell (corroded) = 9,335 lbf
Since P_Uplift > W_Roof + W_Shell,
Tank Roof should meet App. F.1.3 and F.7 requirements.
<Minimum Thickness of Roof Plate>

ME = 28,799,999/28,799,999 = 1 (per API-650 App. M.5.1)
Page 8 of 47
<Section 5.10.6.1>
t-Calc1 = ME * SQRT[T/45]*R/200 + CA
= 1 * SQRT[117.533/45]*18/200 + 0.0625
= 0.2079 in.
t-CalcExt = t-Calc1
= 0.2079 in.
t-Calc = 0.2079 in.
Max_f (due to roof thickness)

= 200(t-CA)/ME/R
= 200(0.1875)/1/18
= 2.0833
Max_T1 (due to roof thickness)

= Max_f^2 * 45
= 2.0833^2 * 45
= 195.3063 lbf/ft^2
P_ext_1 (Vacuum limited by roof thickness)

= -[Max_T1 - DL - 0.4 * Max(Snow_Load,Lr)]/144
= -[195.3063 - 35.5333 - 0.4 * Max(16.8,25)]/144
= -1 PSI due to roof thickness
P_max_ext = -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O
<Actual Participating Area of Roof-to-Shell Juncture>

Wc = 0.6 * SQRT[Rc * (t-CA)] (Top Shell Course)
= 0.6 * SQRT[107.8125 * (0.1875 - 0.0625)]
= 2.2026 in.
NOTE: API-620 governs due to Net Uplift (per API-650 F.7.2)
Wh = 0.6 * SQRT[R2 * (t-CA)] (Roof Plate)

= 0.6 * SQRT[216 * (0.25 - 0.0625)]
= 3.8184 in.
(per API-620 Section 5.12.4.2, Eq.25)

(per API-620 Section 5.12.4.2, Eq. 24)
Top End Stiffener: L3x3x3/8

Aa = (Cross-sectional Area of Top End Stiffener)
= 2.11 in^2
Using API-650 Fig. F-2, Detail b End Stiffener Detail
Ashell = Contributing Area due to shell plates

= Wc*(t_shell - CA)
= 0.275 in^2 (per API-620 Section 5.12.2, Footnote 18)
Aroof = Contributing Area due to roof plates

= 0 in^2 (Since Roof is Lap Welded)
A = Actual Part. Area of Roof-to-Shell Juncture (per API-620)

= Aa + Aroof + Ashell - Redund.Area
= 2.11 + 0 + 0.275 - 0
= 2.385 in^2
Page 9 of 47
A_min = Minimum Participating Area ( Per API-650 Section 5.10.6.2 )

= (T/45)*D*R/1500
= (117.533/45)*(18*18/1500
= 0.564 in^2
MaxT_A = Max Roof Load due to Participating Area

( reversing API-650 Section 5.10.6.2 )
= 1500*45*A/(D*R)
= 1500*45*2.385/(18*18)
= 496.875 lbf/ft^2
P_ext_2 (Due to MaxT_A)

= -[Max_T1 - DL - 0.4 * Max(Snow_Load,Lr)]/144
= -[496.875 - 35.5333 - 0.4 * Max(16.8,25)]/144
= -1 PSI (Due to Participating Area)
P_max_ext = -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O
* * * API 650 APPENDIX V * * *
* * NOTE : Corrosion Allowances taken into account for shell and roof «
thicknesses.
<Section V.7.3.1>
Pr = Max Roof Load = T
t_Dome1 = 4.47*R*SQRT[(Pr/E)] + CA
= 4.47*18*SQRT[(117.533/28,799,999)] + 0.0625
= 0.225 in.
t_Dome = MAX(t-Calc, t_Dome1)

= MAX(0.2079, 0.225)
= 0.225 in.
<Participating Area Required per App. V>
f (Allowable Design Stress) = 23,200 psi

ts1 (Top Shell Course thickness less C.A.) = 0.125 in.
tr (Roof Actual Thickness less C.A.) = 0.1875 in.
JEr (Roof Joint Efficiency) = 0.85
JEs (Top Shell Course Joint Efficiency) = 1
JEst (Roof Comp. Ring Joint Efficiency) = 1
(Section V.7.3.2)
A_Reqd = Pr*R*D/(3.375*f)
= 117.533*18*18/(3.375*23,200)
= 0.4863 in^2
(Section V.7.3.3)
X_Dome = 2.1*(R*tr)^0.5
= 2.1*(18*0.1875)^0.5
= 3.8579 in
(Section V.7.3.4)
X_Shell = 1.47*SQRT[OD*ts1]
= 1.47*SQRT[18*0.125]
= 2.205 in
Page 10 of 47
(Section V.7.3.5)
A_stiff_reqd = (A_Reqd - JEs*ts1*X_Shell - JEr*tr*X_Dome)/JEst
= (0.4863 - 1*0.125*2.205 - 0.85*0.1875*3.8579)/1
= -0.4041 in^2
Since A_stiff_reqd <=0, No Roof Stiffener Required
A_stiff_actual = 2.11 in^2

using L3x3x3/8 angle
A_actual = JEs*ts1*X_Shell + JEr*tr*X_Dome + A_stiff_actual*JEst

= 1*0.125*2.205 + 0.85*0.1875*3.8579 + 2.11*1
= 3.0005 in^2
Page 11 of 47
<TOP END STIFFENER CALCULATIONS>
<V.8.2.2.1 Number of Waves>

N^2 = SQRT[5.33*D^3/(tsmin*Hts^2)]
= SQRT[5.33*18^3/(0.125*8.286^2)]
= 60.18
N = 7.76
<V.8.2.3 Contributing Shell at Stiffener>

w_shell = 1.47*(D*ts1)^0.5
= 1.47*(18*0.125)^0.5
= 2.205 in.
<V.8.2.3.1 Radial Load, VI>

VI = Ps * H/48
= 72 * 20/48
= 30 lbf/ft
<V.8.2.3.2 Required Moment of Inertia>
I_reqd = 648*VI*D^3/[E*(N^2-1)]
= 648*30*18^3/[28,799,999*(7.76^2-1)]
= 0.066 in^4
I_actual = 1.947 in^4

using L3x3x3/8, ts1 = 0.125 in., & W = 2.205 in.
<V.8.2.3.3.1 Area Required>
define f = Min(f_roof, f_shell, f_stiff)

= Min(23,200, 23,200, 23,200)
= 23,200 psi
A_reqd = 6*VI*D/f
= 6*30*18/23,200
= 0.1397 in^4
<V.8.2.3.3.2 Area required by stiffener>
A_stiff_reqd = A_reqd - JEs*ts1*X_Shell - JEr*t_roof*X_Dome

= 0.1397 - 1*0.125*2.205 - 0.85*0.1875*3.8579
= -0.75 in^2
Since A_stiff_reqd <=0, No Roof Stiffener Required
A_stiff = 2.11 in^2

using L3x3x3/8
A_actual = JEs*ts1*X_Shell + JEr*tr*X_Dome + A_stiff_actual

= 1*0.125*2.205 + 0.85*0.1875*3.8579 + 2.11
= 3.0005 in^2
NOTE: Per API 650 F.7.3, Roof Calculations per API-620 will also be performed.
Since there is an uplift force greater than the weight of the

shell and roof, API-650 App. F.7.2 requires top end stiffener
calculations per API-620 5.12.4
Page 12 of 47
< API-620 >
<Actual Participating Area of Roof-to-Shell Juncture>

Wc = 0.6 * SQRT[Rc * (t-CA)] (Top Shell Course)
= 0.6 * SQRT[107.8125 * (0.1875 - 0.0625)]
= 2.2026 in.
NOTE: API-620 governs due to Net Uplift (per API-650 F.7.2)
Wh = 0.6 * SQRT[R2 * (t-CA)] (Roof Plate)

= 0.6 * SQRT[216 * (0.25 - 0.0625)]
= 3.8184 in.
(per API-620 Section 5.12.4.2, Eq.25)

(per API-620 Section 5.12.4.2, Eq. 24)
Top End Stiffener: L3x3x3/8

Aa = (Cross-sectional Area of Top End Stiffener)
= 2.11 in^2
Using API-650 Fig. F-2, Detail b End Stiffener Detail
Ashell = Contributing Area due to shell plates

= Wc*(t_shell - CA)
= 0.275 in^2 (per API-620 Section 5.12.2, Footnote 18)
Aroof = Contributing Area due to roof plates

= 0 in^2 (Since Roof is Lap Welded)
A = Actual Part. Area of Roof-to-Shell Juncture (per API-620)

= Aa + Aroof + Ashell - Redund.Area
= 2.11 + 0 + 0.275 - 0
= 2.385 in^2
R3 = 107.8125 in.
At = PI*OD^2/4*144
= PI*18^2/4*144
= 36,644 in^2 (Cross-Sectional Area of Roof at Shell)
< Internal Pressure - Top-Head Edge >
W = - (weight roof plates) = -2,768 lbf

W/At = (-2,768 / 36,644)
= -0.0755 PSI
W/At' = -0.0708 PSI
P = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H20
<Meridional and Latitudinal Forces>

Page 13 of 47
(At the Edge of Top Head)

T1 = Rs/2*(P + W/At)
= 216/2*(2.5 + -0.0755)
= 261.85 lbf/in
T2 = Rs*[P + W/At*SIN(Alpha)] - T1
= 216*[2.5 + -0.0755*COS(60.0000)] - 261.85
= 264.03 lbf/in
< API-620 >

Minimum thickness (t) requirement:
(Per 5.10.3.2)
T = MAX(T1, T2) = 264 lb./in.
Sts = 16,000 PSI (Allowable Tensile Stress per API-620 Table 5-1)
t-Calc = T/(Sts*E) + CA = 264/(16,000*0.85) + 0.0625 = 0.0819 in.
t-Calc = 0.0819 in.
< Internal Pressure - Top-Head Center >
P = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H20
(At the Center of Top Head)

T1' = (Rs/2)*(P + W/At)
= (216/2)*(2.5 + (-0.0708)) = 262.35 lbf/in
T2' = Rs*(P + W/At) - T1'
= 216*(2.5 + (-0.0708)) - 262.35 = 262.36 lbf/in
< API-620 >

(Per 5.10.3.2)
T = MAX(T1, T2) = 262.4 lb./in.
Sts = 16,000 PSI (Allowable Tensile Stress per API-620 Table 5-1)
t-Calc = T/(Sts*E) + CA = 262.4/(16,000*0.85) + 0.0625 = 0.0818 in.
t-Calc = 0.0818 in.
Since t.actual > T620,

Back-Calculating Pmax using t.actual as target, and T620 routine...
Entry Condition: P_x = 2.501, t-620 = 0.0819
Exit Condition: P_x = 19.634, t-620 = 0.218
NOTE: Tank Limited to 2.5 PSI (per API-650)
P_max_int = 2.5PSI, or 69.28 IN. H2O

(limited by Roof Plate)
Scs = Allowable Compressive Stress (Per F.7.2)

(20,000 is not modified Since Design Temp. <= 200 Deg.F, (API-650 M.3.7 N.A.)
= 20,000 PSI
Page 14 of 47
<Minimum Participating Area>
T2s = P*R3 = (2.5)(107.8125) = 269.53 lbf/in
Q = (T2)(Wh) + (T2s)(Wc) - (T1)(Rc)(SIN(Alpha))

= (264.03)(3.8184)+(269.53)(2.2026)-(261.85)(107.8125)(SIN(60))
= -22,847 lbf
A_min = Minimum Participating Area ( per API-620 5.12.4.3 Eq. 27)

= -Q/Scs
= -22,847/20,000
= 1.142 in^2
Back-Calculating PmaxQ using Actual Roof Area (A-620) as target...

Entry Condition: P_x = 3.5, A-620 = 1.142
Exit Condition: P_x = 5.133, A-620 = 2.385
P_max_int_Q = 5.133 PSI, or 142.25 IN. H2O

(limited by Actual Participating Area)
P_max_int = MAX[MIN(2.5, MIN[2.5,5.133]),0]

= 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O
< External Pressure - Top-Head Edge >
W = -(Lr + Dead_Load) * Roof_Area

= -(25 + 35.5333) * 271.4306
= -16,431 lbf
W/At = (-16,431 / 36,644)
= -0.4484 PSI
W/At' = -0.4204 PSI
P = PV_Entered = -0.5 PSI or -13.86 IN. H20
<Meridional and Latitudinal Forces>
(At the Edge of Top Head)

T1 = Rs/2*(P + W/At)
= 216/2*(-0.5 + -0.4484)
= -102.43 lbf/in
T2 = Rs*[P + W/At*SIN(Alpha)] - T1
= 216*[-0.5 + -0.4484*COS(60.0000)] - -102.43
= -89.45 lbf/in
< API-620 >

Tp = MAX(ABS(T1),ABS(T2))
= 102.4 lb/in.
Tpp = MIN(ABS(T1),ABS(T2))
= 89.5 lb/in.
Rp = R2 = 216 in.
Rpp = R1 = 216 in.
Page 15 of 47
t_18 = SQRT[(Tp + 0.8*Tpp)*Rp]/1342 + CA

= 0.207 in.
t_19 = SQRT[Tpp*Rpp]/1000 + CA
= 0.2015 in.
(t_18 - CA)/Rp = 0.0007

(t_19 - CA)/Rpp = 0.0006
t-Calc = MAX(t_18,t_19)
Ratio = (t-CA)/R
= (0.25 - 0.0625)/216
= 0.0009
Sca = 10^6*Ratio (Per 5.5.4.3)
= 868 PSI (Allowable Compressive Stress)
t-Calc = 0.207 in.
< External Pressure - Top-Head Center >
P = PV_Entered = -0.5 PSI or -13.86 IN. H20
(At the Center of Top Head)

T1' = (Rs/2)*(P + W/At)
= (216/2)*(-0.5 + (-0.4204)) = -99.4 lbf/in
T2' = Rs*(P + W/At) - T1'
= 216*(-0.5 + (-0.4204)) - -99.4 = -99.41 lbf/in
< API-620 >

T1 & T2 Negative and Equal
T = MAX(ABS(T1), ABS(T2)) = 99.4 lb./in.

Ratio < .00667
t-Calc = SQRT[T*R/10^6] + CA
= SQRT[(99.4)(216)/10^6] + 0.0625
= 0.209 in.
Congruent t/R ratio results per API-620 5.5.4.3

Ratio = (t-CA)/R
= (0.25 - 0.0625)/216
= 0.0009
Sca = 10^6*Ratio (Per 5.5.4.3)
= 868 PSI (Allowable Compressive Stress)
t-Calc = 0.209 in.
Since t.actual > T620,

Back-Calculating Pmax using t-Calc as target, and T620 routine...
Entry Condition: V_x = -0.5 PSI, t-620 = 0.209
Exit Condition: V_x = -1.087, t-620 = 0.25
P_max_ext= -1 PSI (due to Roof Plate)

Page 16 of 47
<Minimum Participating Area>
T2s = P*R3 = (-0.5)(107.8125) = -53.91 lbf/in
Q = (T2)(Wh) + (T2s)(Wc) - (T1)(Rc)(SIN(Alpha))

= (-89.45)(3.8184)+(-53.91)(2.2026)-(-102.43)(107.8125)(SIN(60))
= 9,103 lbf
A_min = Minimum Participating Area ( per API-620 5.12.4.3 Eq. 27)

= Q/Sts
= 9,103/16,000
= 0.569 in^2
Back-Calculating PmaxQ using Actual Roof Area (A-620) as target...

Entry Condition: P_x = -1.5, A-620 = 0.569
Exit Condition: P_x = -3.579, A-620 = 2.385
A_min = MAX(0.564,1.142,0.569)
= 1.142 in^2 (per API-620 Section 5.12.4)
P_max_ext_Q= -1 PSI (due to Act. Participating Area)
P_max_ext = MAX(-1, MAX[-1,-1])

= -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O
Since API-650 called Previously, t-Calc, t-CalcInt, t-CalcExt could be set.

t-CalcInt = MAX(t-CalcInt650,t-CalcInt620)
= MAX( 0, 0.0819 )
= 0.0819 in.
t-CalcExt = MAX(t-CalcExt650,t-CalcExt620)
= MAX( 0.2079, 0.209 )
= 0.209 in.
t-Calc = MAX(t-Calc650,MAX(t-CalcInt,t-CalcExt))
= MAX[ 0.2079,MAX( 0.0819, 0.209 )]
= 0.209 in.
< ROOF DESIGN SUMMARY >

t.actual = 0.25 in.
P_max_internal = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

P_max_external = -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O
Page 17 of 47
SHELL COURSE DESIGN (Bottom Course is #1)
VDP Criteria (per API-650 5.6.4.1)

L = (6*D*(t-ca))^0.5
= (6*18*(0.3125-0.0625))^0.5
= 5.1962
H = Max Liquid Level =20 ft
L / H <= 2
Course # 1
Material: A-240 Type 304L; Width = 4 ft.
Corrosion Allow. = 0.0625 in.
Joint Efficiency = 1
API-650 ONE FOOT METHOD
Sd = 19,200 PSI (allowable design stress per API-650 App. S Table S-2a)
St = 16,700 PSI (allowable test stress)
DESIGN CONDITION
G = 0.9 (per API-650)
< Design Condition G = 0.9 >
H' = Effective liquid head at design pressure

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 20 + 2.31*2.5/0.9 = 26.42ft
t-Calc = 2.6*OD*(H' - 1)*G/(Sd*E) + CA (per API-650 S.3.2)

= 2.6*18*(26.42 - 1)*0.9/(19,200*1) + 0.0625
= 0.1183 in.
hMax_1 = E*Sd*(t_1 - CA_1)/(2.6*OD*G) + 1

= 1*19,200*(0.3125 - 0.0625) / (2.6 * 18 * 0.9) + 1
= 114.9601 ft.
Pmax_1 = (hMax_1 - H) * 0.433 * G

= (114.9601 - 20) * 0.433 * 0.9
= 37.006 PSI
Pmax_int_shell = Pmax_1
Pmax_int_shell = 37.006 PSI
HYDROSTATIC TEST CONDITION
< Design Condition G = 1 >

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 20 + 2.31*2.5/1 = 25.78ft
t.test = 2.6*18*(25.78 - 1)/(16,700*1) = 0.0694 in.
Course # 2
Material: A-36; Width = 4 ft.
Page 18 of 47
Sd = 23,200 PSI (allowable design stress per API-650 Table 3-2)

DESIGN CONDITION
G = 0.9 (per API-650)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 16 + 2.31*2.5/0.9 = 22.42ft
t-Calc = 2.6*OD*(H' - 1)*G/(Sd*E) + CA (per API-650 5.6.3.2)

= 2.6*18*(22.42 - 1)*0.9/(23,200*1) + 0.0625
= 0.1014 in.
hMax_2 = E*Sd*(t_2 - CA_2)/(2.6*OD*G) + 1

= 1*23,200*(0.3125 - 0.0625) / (2.6 * 18 * 0.9) + 1
= 138.7018 ft.
Pmax_2 = (hMax_2 - H) * 0.433 * G

= (138.7018 - 16) * 0.433 * 0.9
= 47.8169 PSI
Pmax_int_shell = Min(Pmax_int_shell, Pmax_2)

= Min(37.006, 47.8169)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 16 + 2.31*2.5/1 = 21.78ft
t.test = 2.6*18*(21.78 - 1)/(24,900*1) = 0.0391 in.
Course # 3

DESIGN CONDITION
G = 0.9 (per API-650)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 12 + 2.31*2.5/0.9 = 18.42ft
Page 19 of 47

= 2.6*18*(18.42 - 1)*0.9/(23,200*1) + 0.0625
= 0.0941 in.
hMax_3 = E*Sd*(t_3 - CA_3)/(2.6*OD*G) + 1

= 1*23,200*(0.25 - 0.0625) / (2.6 * 18 * 0.9) + 1
= 104.2764 ft.
Pmax_3 = (hMax_3 - H) * 0.433 * G

= (104.2764 - 12) * 0.433 * 0.9
= 35.9601 PSI

= Min(37.006, 35.9601)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 12 + 2.31*2.5/1 = 17.78ft
t.test = 2.6*18*(17.78 - 1)/(24,900*1) = 0.0315 in.
Course # 4

DESIGN CONDITION
G = 0.9 (per API-650)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 8 + 2.31*2.5/0.9 = 14.42ft

= 2.6*18*(14.42 - 1)*0.9/(23,200*1) + 0.0625
= 0.0869 in.
hMax_4 = E*Sd*(t_4 - CA_4)/(2.6*OD*G) + 1

= 1*23,200*(0.25 - 0.0625) / (2.6 * 18 * 0.9) + 1
= 104.2764 ft.
Pmax_4 = (hMax_4 - H) * 0.433 * G

= (104.2764 - 8) * 0.433 * 0.9
= 37.5189 PSI
Page 20 of 47

= Min(35.9601, 37.5189)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 8 + 2.31*2.5/1 = 13.78ft
t.test = 2.6*18*(13.78 - 1)/(24,900*1) = 0.024 in.
Course # 5

DESIGN CONDITION
G = 0.9 (per API-650)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 4 + 2.31*2.5/0.9 = 10.42ft

= 2.6*18*(10.42 - 1)*0.9/(23,200*1) + 0.0625
= 0.0796 in.
hMax_5 = E*Sd*(t_5 - CA_5)/(2.6*OD*G) + 1

= 1*23,200*(0.1875 - 0.0625) / (2.6 * 18 * 0.9) + 1
= 69.8509 ft.
Pmax_5 = (hMax_5 - H) * 0.433 * G

= (69.8509 - 4) * 0.433 * 0.9
= 25.6621 PSI

= Min(35.9601, 25.6621)

= H + 2.31*P(psi)/G
= 4 + 2.31*2.5/1 = 9.78ft
Page 21 of 47
t.test = 2.6*18*(9.78 - 1)/(24,900*1) = 0.0165 in.
W (Wind Pressure) = 31*(V/120)^2

= 31*(120/120)^2
= 31 lbf/ft^2
Pe (External Pressure) = 0.5 PSI, OR 13.86 In. H2O

= 72 lbf/ft^2
Ps (Shell Design Pressure) = MAX(Pe, W + 0.4*Pe)
= MAX(72, 31 + 0.4*72)
= MAX(72, 59.8)
= 72 lbf/ft^2
Wtr = Transposed Width of each Shell Course

= Width*[ (t-ca)_top / (t-ca)_course ]^2.5
Transforming Courses (1) to (5)
Wtr(1) = 4*[ 0.125/0.25 ]^2.5 = 0.7071 ft

Wtr(2) = 4*[ 0.125/0.25 ]^2.5 = 0.7071 ft
Wtr(3) = 4*[ 0.125/0.1875 ]^2.5 = 1.4515 ft
Wtr(4) = 4*[ 0.125/0.1875 ]^2.5 = 1.4515 ft
Wtr(5) = 3.9688*[ 0.125/0.125 ]^2.5 = 3.9688 ft
Hts (Height of the Transformed Shell)
= SUM{Wtr} = 8.286 ft
Page 22 of 47
* * * SHELL STIFFENING PER API-650 APP. V.8 * * *
D (Tank OD) = 18 ft
SHELL MATERIAL (thinnest course) : A-36
ts1 (Top Shell Thickness) = 0.125 in.
tsn (Bottom Shell Thickness) = 0.25 in.
tsmin (Smallest Actual Shell Thickness) = 0.125 in.
JEr (Roof Joint Efficiency) = 0.85
JEs (Top Shell Joint Efficiency) = 1
Hts (Transformed Shell Height) = 8.286 ft
f_shell (Allowable Stress for thinnest Shell) = 23,200 psi
Fy_shell (Yield Stress for thinnest Shell) = 36,000 psi
E (Mod. of Elasticity for thinnest Shell) = 28,799,999 psi
TOP STIFFENER MATERIAL : A-36
f_stiff (Allowable Stress for Stiffener) = 23,200 psi
Fy_stiff (Yield Stress for Stiffener) = 36,000 psi
SHELL STIFFENER MATERIAL : A-36
f_stiff (Allowable Stress for Stiffener) = 23,200 psi
Fy_stiff (Yield Stress for Stiffener) = 36,000 psi
BOTTOM STIFFENER MATERIAL :
f_stiff (Allowable Stress for Stiffener) = 0 psi
Fy_stiff (Yield Stress for Stiffener) = 0 psi
BOTTOM PLATE MATERIAL : A-537 Class 2
f_btm (Allowable Stress for Bottom Floor) = 32,000 psi
Fy_shell (Yield Stress for Bottom Floor) = 60,000 psi
JEn (Bottom Shell Joint Efficiency) = 1
JEb (Bottom Joint Efficiency) = 1
Bottom Floor OD = 18.25 ft
<V.8.1 UNSTIFFENED SHELLS>
V.8.1.1 Criteria (Elastic Failure when EFC >= 0.19,

otherwise must use ASME Section VIII)
EFC = (D/tsmin)^0.75*[(Hts/D)*(Fy/E)^0.5]
= (18/0.125)^0.75*[(8.286/18)*(36,000/28,799,999)^0.5]
= 0.6765
Since EFC >= 0.19, using App. V method.
Condition 1: Wind plus specified external (vacuum) pressure

Since Pe > 15, PSI1 = 2.5
<V.8.1.2 Max External Pressure>

PS_Max = 0.6*E/[PSI1*(Hts/D)*(D/tsmin)^2.5]
= 0.6*28,799,999/[2.5*(8.286/18)*(18/0.125)^2.5]
= 60.3427 lbf/ft^2
= 0.419 psi
PV_max1 = Min(PS_Max, [PS_Max - W/144]/0.4)

= Min(0.419, 0.5094)
= 0.419 psi
Condition 2: Specified external (vacuum) pressure only

PSI2 = 3
<V.8.1.2 Max External Pressure>

PV_Max2 = 0.6*E/[PSI2*(Hts/D)*(D/tsmin)^2.5]
= 0.6*28,799,999/[3*(8.286/18)*(18/0.125)^2.5]
= 50.2856 lbf/ft^2
= 0.3492 psi
Page 23 of 47
PV_Max = Min(PV_Max1,PV_Max2)
= Min(0.419,0.3492)
= 0.3492 psi
Since PSI1*Ps < PSI2*Pe, PSI = PSI2 & Ps = Pe
<V.8.1.3 Min thickness due to Design Pressure>

t_min_ext = 1.23*[(PSI*Hts*Ps)^0.4]*(D^0.6)/(E^0.4) + CA
= 1.23*[(3*8.286*72)^0.4]*(18^0.6)/(28,799,999^0.4) + 0.0625
= 0.2072 in.
* * Warning * *tsmin = 0.1875 < t_min_ext, so tank is inadequate without «

stiffeners.
<V.8.2 CIRCUMFERENTIALLY STIFFENED SHELLS>
<V.8.2.1.2 Maximum Unstiffened Shell Height>

Hs = 0.6*(tsmin^2.5)*(E)/[(D^1.5)*Ps*PSI]
= 0.6*(0.125^2.5)*(28,799,999)/[(18^1.5)*72*3]
= 5.79 ft.
<V.8.2.1.3 Number of Stiffeners Required>

Ns = Hts/Hs - 1 (Rounded Up)
= 8.286/5.79 - 1
= 0.4311, Rounded Up => 1
Actual Number of Stiffeners = 2
<V.8.2.1.4 Maximum Stiffener Spacing on transposed shell>
Lx = Hts/(Ns + 1)
= 8.286/(1 + 1)
= 4.143 ft
Evenly spaced uniform stiffeners,

Act. Spacing Ls = Hts/(N + 1)
= 8.286/(2 + 1)
= 2.762 ft
t_min_ext_stiff = 1.23*[(PSI*Ls*Ps)^0.4]*(D^0.6)/(E^0.4) + CA
= 1.23*[(3*2.762*72)^0.4]*(18^0.6)/(27,400,000^0.4) + 0.0625
= 0.1557 in.
PsMax = {[(tsmin-CA)*(E^0.4)/[(D^0.6)*1.23]]^2.5}/(PSI*Ls)/144
= {[0.125*(28,799,999^0.4)/[(18^0.6)*1.23]]^2.5}/(3*2.762)/144
= 1.041 PSI
PV_max = Min(PsMax, [PsMax - W/144]/0.4)

= MIN(1.041, [1.041 - 31/144]/0.4)
= 1.041 PSI
<V.8.2.2 Intermediate Stiffener Ring Design>

= SQRT[5.33*18^3/(0.125*8.286^2)]
= 60.18
N = 7.76
<V.8.2.2.3 Radial Load>

Page 24 of 47
For each stiffener, Q is calculated using Ls for each.

Q_1 = Ps * Ls_1/12
= 72 * 2.762/12
= 16.57 lbf/ft
Q_2 = Ps * Ls_2/12
= 72 * 2.762/12
= 16.57 lbf/ft
<V.8.2.2.4 Contributing Shell at Stiffener>
w_shell_1 = 2*1.47*(D*(ts_3-CA))^0.5
= 2*1.47*(18*0.1875)^0.5
= 5.4011 in.
w_shell_2 = 2*1.47*(D*(ts_5-CA))^0.5
= 2*1.47*(18*0.125)^0.5
= 4.41 in.
I_reqd_1 = 648*Q*D^3/[E*(N^2-1)]
= 648*16.57*18^3/[28,799,999*(7.76^2-1)]
= 0.0367 in^4
I_actual_1 = 356.6433 in^4

using 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), t = 0.1875 in., & W = 5.4011 «
in.
I_reqd_2 = 648*Q*D^3/[E*(N^2-1)]
= 648*16.57*18^3/[28,799,999*(7.76^2-1)]
= 0.0367 in^4
I_actual_2 = 304.0149 in^4

using 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), t = 0.125 in., & W = 4.41 in.
For each stiffener, A_reqd is calculated using Q.
define fc = MAX(0.4Fy,15,000)
= MAX(0.4*36,000,15,000)
= 15,000 psi
A_reqd_1 = 6*Q_1*D/fc
= 6*16.57*18/15,000
= 0.119 in^2
define fc = MAX(0.4Fy,15,000)
= MAX(0.4*36,000,15,000)
= 15,000 psi
A_reqd_2 = 6*Q_2*D/fc
= 6*16.57*18/15,000
= 0.119 in^2
<V.8.2.2.6.2 Area Required by Stiffener>
For each stiffener, A_stiff is calculated using shell t.

Page 25 of 47
A_stiff_1 = A_reqd_1 - 2.94*ts_3*(D*ts_3)^0.5

= 0.119 - 2.94*0.1875*(18*0.1875)^0.5
= -0.894 in^2
Since A_stiff_1 <=0, No Stiffener Required
A_stiff_actual_1 = 6.625 in^2

using 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in).
A_stiff_2 = A_reqd_2 - 2.94*ts_5*(D*ts_5)^0.5

= 0.119 - 2.94*0.125*(18*0.125)^0.5
= -0.432 in^2
Since A_stiff_2 <=0, No Stiffener Required
A_stiff_actual_2 = 6.625 in^2

using 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in).
Page 26 of 47
< SHELL COURSE SUMMARY >
STIFFENER ELEVATIONS ON SHELL

--------------------------------
Stiffener #1: 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), Elev. = 11.71 ft.
Stiffener #2: 18 x 6 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 (in), Elev. = 17.21 ft.
SHELL COURSE #1 SUMMARY

-------------------------------------------
t_min_ext governs. See the STIFFENING RINGS Calculations.
t-Calc = MAX(t-Calc_650, t_min_ext)

= MAX(0.1183, 0.1557)
= 0.1557 in.
t-650min = 0.236 in. (per API-650 Section 5.6.1.1, NOTE 4)
t.required = MAX(t.design, t.test, t.min650) = 0.236 in.

t.actual = 0.3125 in.
Weight = Density*PI*[(12*OD) - t]*12*Width*t

= 0.2975*PI*[(12*18)-0.3125]*12*4*0.3125
= 3,024 lbf (New)

-------------------------------------------

= MAX(0.1014, 0.1557)
= 0.1557 in.


= 0.2833*PI*[(12*18)-0.3125]*12*4*0.3125
= 2,879 lbf (New)

-------------------------------------------

= MAX(0.0941, 0.1557)
= 0.1557 in.

Page 27 of 47

t.actual = 0.25 in.

= 0.2833*PI*[(12*18)-0.25]*12*4*0.25
= 2,304 lbf (New)

-------------------------------------------

= MAX(0.0869, 0.1557)
= 0.1557 in.

t.actual = 0.25 in.

= 0.2833*PI*[(12*18)-0.25]*12*4*0.25
= 2,304 lbf (New)

-------------------------------------------

= MAX(0.0796, 0.1557)
= 0.1557 in.


= 0.2833*PI*[(12*18)-0.1875]*12*4*0.1875
= 1,729 lbf (New)
Page 28 of 47
FLAT BOTTOM: ANNULAR PLATE DESIGN
Bottom Plate Material : A-537 Class 2

<Weight of Bottom Plate>
Bottom_Area = PI/4*(OD - 2*t_course_1 - 2*AnnRing_Width)^2

= PI/4*(216 - 2*0.3125 - 2*121.46)^2
= 596 in^2
Annular_Area = PI/4*(Bottom_OD)^2 - Bottom_Area

= PI/4*(219)^2 - 596
= 37,072 in^2
Weight = Btm_Density * t.actual * Bottom_Area + Ann_Density * t-AnnRing * «

Annular_Area)
= 0.2833 * 0.25*596 + 0.2833 * 1.5*37,072
= 15,796 lbf (New)
< API-650 >
Calculation of Hydrostatic Test Stress & Product Design Stress

(per API-650 Section 5.5.1)
t_1 : Bottom (1st) Shell Course thickness.
H'= Max. Liq. Level + P(psi)/(0.433)

= 20 + (2.5)/(0.433) = 25.7737 ft
St = Hydrostatic Test Stress in Bottom (1st) Shell Course

= (2.6)(OD)(H' - 1)/t_1
= (2.6)(18)(25.7737 - 1)/(0.3125)
= 3,710 PSI
Sd = Product Design Stress in Bottom (1st) Shell Course

= (2.6)(OD)(H' - 1)(G)/(t_1 - ca_1)
= (2.6)(18)(25.7737 - 1)(0.9)/(0.25)
= 4,174 PSI
--------------------------
For Non-Annular Bottom Plates,
t_min = 0.236 + CA = 0.236 + 0 = 0.236 in. (per Section 5.4.1)
t-Calc = t_min = 0.236 in.
t_Annular_Ring = Actual Annular Ring Thickness

= 1.5 in.
For Annular Bottom Plates (per API-650 5.5.3 TABLE 5-1b),
t_Min_Annular_Ring = 0.236 + 0
= 0.236 in.
W_Annular_Ring = Actual Annular Ring Width

= 121.46 in.
Page 29 of 47
For Annular Bottom Plates (per API-650 Section 5.5.2),
W_int = Minimum Annular Ring Width

(from Shell ID to Any Lap-Welded Joint)
= 390*t_b/SQRT(H*G)
= 390(1.5)/SQRT(25.7737*0.9)
= 121.46 in.
< Vacuum Calculations > (per ASME Section VIII Div. 1)
Weight Resisting External Vacuum (Corr. Btm. Plate + Min. Liq. Level)
P_btm = 0.2833 * 0.25 + 0.3897

= 0.4605 PSI or 12.76 IN. H2O
P_ext = PV + P_btm = -0.5 + 0.4605 = -0.0395 PSI or -1.09 IN. H2O

= -0.0395 PSI
td_ext = (t-Calc - CA) (1st course)

= (0.1557 - 0.0625)
= 0.0932 in.
ts = (t.actual - CA) (1st course)

= (0.3125 - 0.0625)
= 0.25 in.
C = 0.33 * td_ext / ts
= 0.33 * 0.0932 / 0.25
= 0.123
since C < 0.2, set C = 0.2
t-Vac = OD*SQRT(C*P_ext/SE) + CA
= (216)*SQRT[(0.2)(-0.0395)/(32,000)(1)] + 0
= 0.1073 in.
t-Calc = MAX(t-Calc, t-Vac)

= MAX(0.236,0.1073)
= 0.236 in.
P_max_external (Vacuum limited by bottom plate thickness)

= -([(t - CA)/OD]^2*(S*E/C) + P_btm)
= -([(0.25 - 0)/216]^2*(32,000*1/0.2) + 0.4605)
= -0.6749 PSI or -18.70 IN. H2O
-------------------
Wtr = Transposed Width of each Shell Course

= Width*[ (t-ca)_top / (t-ca)_course ]^2.5
Transforming Courses (1) to (5)

Page 30 of 47
Wtr(1) = 4*[ 0.125/0.25 ]^2.5 = 0.7071 ft

Wtr(2) = 4*[ 0.125/0.25 ]^2.5 = 0.7071 ft
Wtr(3) = 4*[ 0.125/0.1875 ]^2.5 = 1.4515 ft
Wtr(4) = 4*[ 0.125/0.1875 ]^2.5 = 1.4515 ft
Wtr(5) = 3.9688*[ 0.125/0.125 ]^2.5 = 3.9688 ft
Hts (Height of the Transformed Shell)
= SUM{Wtr} = 8.286 ft
W (Wind Pressure) = 31*(V/120)^2

= 31*(120/120)^2
= 31 lbf/ft^2
Pe (External Pressure) = 0.5 PSI, OR 13.86 In. H2O

= 72 lbf/ft^2
Ps (Shell Design Pressure) = MAX(Pe, W + 0.4*Pe)
= MAX(72, 31 + 0.4*72)
= MAX(72, 59.8)
= 72 lbf/ft^2
Page 31 of 47
* * * BOTTOM END STIFFENING CALCULATIONS PER V.8 * * *
Using API-650 App. V for flat bottom tank stiffening.
<V.8.2.3 Contributing Shell at Stiffener>

w_shell = 1.47*(D*tsn)^0.5
= 1.47*(18*0.25)^0.5
= 3.1183 in.
<V.8.2.3.1 Radial Load, VI>

VI = Ps * H/48
= 72 * 20/48
= 30 lbf/ft

= SQRT[5.33*18^3/(0.125*8.286^2)]
= 60.18
N = 7.76
w_btm (Width of bottom available for I)

= 16*tb (cannot exceed W_annring)
= 24in.
I_reqd = 648*VI*D^3/[E*(N^2-1)]
= 648*30*18^3/[27,400,000*(7.76^2-1)]
= 0.07 in^4
I_actual = 1,810 in^4

using NONE, tsn = 0.25 in., & W_shell = 3.1183 in.
define f = Min(Fy_bottom, Fy_shell, Fy_stiff)

= Min(32,000, 19,200, N.A.)
= 19,200 psi
A_reqd = 6*VI*D/f
= 6*30*18/19,200
= 0.1688 in^4
<V.8.2.3.3.2 Area required by stiffener>
A_stiff_reqd = A_reqd - JEb*tb*w_btm - JEn*tsn*w_shell

= 0.1688 - 1*0.25*24 - 1*0.25*3.1183
= -6.61 in^2
Since A_stiff_reqd <=0, No Bottom Stiffener Required
A_stiff = 0 in^2
using NONE
A_actual = A_stiff + JEb*tb*w_btm + JEn*tsn*w_shell

= 0 + 1*0.25*24 + 1*0.25*3.1183
= 6.78 in^2
Page 32 of 47
< FLAT BOTTOM: ANNULAR SUMMARY >
Bottom Plate Material : A-537 Class 2

t.actual = 0.25 in.

Minimum Annular Ring Thickness = 0.236 in.
t_Annular_Ring = 1.5 in.
Minimum Annular Ring Width = 121.46 in.
W_Annular_Ring = 121.46 in.
Page 33 of 47
WIND MOMENT (Per API-650 SECTION 5.11)
vs = Wind Velocity = 120 mph

vf = Velocity Factor = (vs/120)^2 = (120/120)^2 = 1
Wind_Uplift = 30 * vf
= 30 lbf/ft^2
API-650 5.2.1.k Uplift Check

P_F41 = WCtoPSI(0.962*Fy*A*TAN(Theta)/D^2 + 8*t_h)
P_F41 = WCtoPSI(0.962*36,000*2.385*1.5/18^2 + 8*0.1875)
= 13.852 PSI
Limit Wind_Uplift/144+P to 1.6*P_F41
Wind_Uplift/144 + P = 2.7083 PSI
1.6*P_F41 = 22.1632 PSI
Wind_Uplift/144 + P = MIN(Wind_Uplift/144 + P, 1.6*P_F41

Wind_Uplift/144 = MIN(Wind_Uplift/144, 1.6*P_F41 - P
Wind_Uplift = MIN(Wind_Uplift, (1.6*P_F41 - P) * 144)
= MIN(30,2,832)
= 30 lbf/ft^2
hR = Height of Roof
= R - SQRT[R^2 - (OD/2)^2]
= 18 - SQRT[18^2 - (18/2)^2]
= 2.403 ft
t_ins = Thickness of Roof Insulation

= 0.1667 ft
Ap_Vert = Vertical Projected Area of Roof
= PI*([R + t_ins]^2)(Alpha/360) - OD*([R + t_ins] - hR)/2
= PI*(18.1667^2)(59.9728/360) - 18*(18.1667 - 2.403)/2
= 30.8509 ft^2
Horizontal Projected Area of Roof (Per API-650 5.2.1.f)
Xw = Moment Arm of UPLIFT wind force on roof

= 0.5*OD
= 0.5*18
= 9 ft
Ap = Projected Area of roof for wind moment
= PI*R^2
= PI*9^2
= 254.469 ft^2
M_roof (Moment Due to Wind Force on Roof)

= (Wind_Uplift)(Ap)(Xw)
= (30)(254.469)(9) = 68,707 ft-lbf
Xs (Moment Arm of Wind Force on Shell)

= H/2 = (20)/2 = 10 ft
As (Projected Area of Shell)

= H*(OD + t_ins / 6)
= (20)(18 + 2/6) = 366.6667 ft^2
Page 34 of 47
M_shell (Moment Due to Wind Force on Shell)

= (vf)(18)(As)(Xs)
= (1)(18)(366.6667)(10) = 66,000 ft-lbf
Mw (Wind moment)
= M_roof + M_shell = 68,707 + 66,000
= 134,707 ft-lbf
W = Net weight (PER API-650 5.11.3)

(Force due to corroded weight of shell and
shell-supported roof plates less
40% of F.1.2 Uplift force.)
= W_shell + W_roof - 0.4*P*(PI/4)(144)(OD^2)

= 9,335 + 2,076 - 2.5*(PI/4)(144)(18^2)
= -25,233 lbf
NOTE: There is net uplift on the tank.
RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNING (per API-650 5.11.2)
An unanchored Tank must meet these two criteria:

1) 0.6*Mw + MPi < MDL/1.5
2) Mw + 0.4MPi < (MDL + MF)/2
Mw = Destabilizing Wind Moment = 134,707 ft-lbf
MPi = Destabilizing Moment about the Shell-to-Bottom Joint from Design «

Pressure.
= P*(PI*OD^2/4)*(144)*(OD/2)
= 2.5*(3.1416*18^2/4)*(144)*(9)
= 824,480 ft-lbf
MDL = Stabilizing Moment about the Shell-to-Bottom Joint from the Shell and «
Roof weight supported by the Shell.
= (W_shell + W_roof)*OD/2
= (9,335 + 2,076)*9
= 102,699 ft-lbf
tb = Annular Bottom Ring thickness less C.A. = 1.5 in.
Lb = Minimum bottom annular ring width
Lb = greater of 18 in. or 0.365*tb*SQRT(Sy_btm/H_liq)

= 0.365*1.5*SQRT(60,000/20)
= 29.988in.
Lb should be <= 0.35 * OD

Lb = 0.35*18
= 0.63 in.
wl = Circumferential loading of contents along Shell-To-Bottom Joint.

= 4.67*tb*SQRT(Sy_btm*H_liq)
= 4.67*1.5*SQRT(60,000*20)
= 7,674 lbf/ft
wl = 0.9 * H_liq * OD (lesser value than above)

= 0.9*20*18
= 324 lbf/ft
Page 35 of 47
MF = Stabilizing Moment due to Bottom Plate and Liquid Weight.

= (OD/2)*wl*PI*OD
= (9)(324)(3.1416)(18)
= 164,896 ft-lbf
Criteria 1
0.6*(134,707) + 824,480 < 102,699/1.5
Since 905,304 >= 68,466, Tank must be anchored.
Criteria 2
134,707 + 0.4 * 824,480 < (102,699 + 164,896)/2
Since 464,499 >= 133,798, Tank must be anchored.
RESISTANCE TO SLIDING (per API-650 5.11.4)
F_wind = vF * 18 * As
= 1 * 18 * 366.6667
= 6,600 lbf
F_friction = Maximum of 40% of Weight of Tank

= 0.4 * (W_Roof_Corroded + W_Shell_Corroded +
W_Btm_Corroded + W_min_Liquid)
= 0.4 * (2,076 + 9,335 + 15,796 + 14,202)
= 16,564 lbf
No anchorage needed to resist sliding since
F_friction > F_wind

(Due to Wind and Uplift.)
ANCHORED TANKS (per API-650 5.11.3)
btwind = Anchor Tension Required to Resist Wind Moment

= 4*Mw/(D*N) - W/N
= 4*134,707/(18.25*8) - (-25,233)/8
= 6,845 lbf
Page 36 of 47
SEISMIC MOMENT (API-650 APPENDIX E & API-620 APPENDIX L)
Ms (Seismic Moment)
Ms = Z*I*(C1*Ws*Xs + C1*Wr*Ht + C1*W1*X1 + C2*W2*X2)
Z = 0.15 Zone coefficient for zone 2A (from Table E-2)

I = 1 Importance Factor
S = 1.5 Site amplification factor (from Table E-3)
C1 = 0.6 = Lateral earthquake force coefficient
k = 0.59 (factor for D/H = 0.9 from figure E-4)
T = Natural Period of First Sloshing Mode

= k*SQRT(OD) = 0.59*SQRT(18) = 2.503
C2 = Lateral Earthquake Force Coefficient

= 0.75(S)/T = .75(1.5)/(2.503) = 0.4495
From Figures E-2 & E-3

X1_H = X1/H chart factor
X2_H = X2/H chart factor
W1_Wt = W1/Wt chart factor
W2_Wt = W2/Wt chart factor
Wt = Weight of tank contents @ Max. Liquid Level
X1 = (X1_H)*H = (0.413)*20 = 8.2598

X2 = (X2_H)*H = (0.7434)*20 = 14.8679
W1 = (W1_Wt)*Wt = (0.8373)*284,295 = 238,052
W2 = (W2_Wt)*Wt = (0.2238)*284,295 = 63,618
Ws = W_shell + W_Insulation (New Condition)
= 12,240 + 1,508 = 13,748
Wr = W_roof + Snow Load + W_Insulation (New Condition)
= 2,768 + 5,429 + 362 = 8,559
C1*Ws*Xs = 0.6*(13,748)(10) = 82,488

C1*Wr*Ht = 0.6*(8,559)(20) = 102,708
C1*W1*X1 = 0.6*(238,052)(8.2598) = 1,179,763
C2*W2*X2 = (0.4495)(63,618)(14.8679) = 425,133
Ms = Z*I*(C1*Ws*Xs + C1*Wr*Ht + C1*W1*X1 + C2*W2*X2)

= (0.15)(1)(82,488 + 102,708 + 1,179,763 + 425,133)
= 268,514 ft-lbf
W_shell = Weight of Shell (New Condition)

W_roof2 = Weight of Roof Plates Supported By Shell (New)
wt = (W_shell + W_roof2)/(PI*OD) (New Condition)

= (13,748 + 2,768)/(PI*18)
= 292. lbf/ft
RESISTANCE TO OVERTURNING (per Section E.4.1, E.4.2,

assuming no anchors)
wl = 7.9*(tb1)*SQRT(Sy*G*H)
= 7.9*(0.25)*SQRT(36,000*0.9*20)
= 1,590 lbf/ft
where tb1 = t - CA = 0.25 in. (for Bottom Plate)

Page 37 of 47
1.25*G*H*OD = 1.25(0.9)(20)(18)
= 405 lbf/ft
since wl > 1.25*G*H*OD, wl = 1.25G*H*OD

wl = 405 lbf/ft
UNANCHORED TANKS (Section E.5.1)
Ms/[OD^2(wt+wl)] = 268,514/[(18^2)(292. + 405)] = 1.1889
b = max longitudinal compressive force

(b + wl)/(wt + wl) = 3.0610 (from figure E-5)
b = (3.0610)(292. + 405) - 405 = 1,729 lbf/ft
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SHELL COMPRESSION (Section E.5.3)
b/(12t) = Max Longitudinal Compressive Stress

= 1,729/(12*(0.3125 - 0.0625)) = 576 PSI
G*H*OD^2/t^2 = (0.9)(20)(18^2)/(0.3125 - 0.0625)^2 = 93,312
Fa = 10^6*t/(2.5*OD) + 600*SQRT(G*H)
= (10^6)(0.3125 - 0.0625)/(2.5*18) + (600)SQRT[(0.9)(20)]
= 8,101 PSI
t = 0.3125 - 0.0625 = 0.25 in. (OK since b/(12t) <= Fa)
ANCHORED TANKS (Section E.5.2)
b = wt + 1.273(Ms)/OD^2 = Max Longitudinal Compressive Force

= 292. + 1.273(268,514)/(18)^2 = 1,347 lbf/ft
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SHELL COMPRESSION (Section E.5.3)
b/(12t) = Max Longitudinal Compressive Stress

= 1,347/(12*(0.3125 - 0.0625)) = 449 PSI
G*H*OD^2/t^2 = (0.9)(20)(18^2)/(0.3125 - 0.0625)^2 = 93,312
Fa = 10^6*t/(2.5*OD) + 600*SQRT(G*H)
= (10^6)(0.3125 - 0.0625)/(2.5*18) + (600)SQRT[(0.9)(20)]
= 8,101 PSI
t = 0.3125 - 0.0625 = 0.25 in. (OK since b/(12t) <= Fa)
ANCHORAGE OF TANKS (Section E.6.1)
N = 8 Number of Anchors
D = 18.25 ft Diameter of Anchor Circle
Net_Uplift = Net uplift due to internal pressure
MAR = minimum anchorage resistance due to seismic moment

= 1.273(Ms)/OD^2 + Net_Uplift/Circumference
= 1.273(268,514)/18^2 + 80,198/(PI*18)
= 2,473 lbf/ft circumference
Page 38 of 47
btseis = anchor tension req'd to resist seismic moment

= MAR*D*PI/(N)
= (2,473)(18.25)(PI)/(8) = 17,723 lbf
<ANCHORAGE REQUIREMENTS>
Wind or Uplift calculations require anchorage,

Minimum # Anchor Bolts = 5
per API-650 5.12.3
Actual # Anchor Bolts = 8

Anchorage Meets Spacing Requirements.
Page 39 of 47
ANCHOR BOLT DESIGN
Bolt Material : A-193 Gr B7

Sy = 105,000 PSI
< Uplift Load Cases, per API-650 Table 5-21b >
D (tank OD) = 18 ft
P (design pressure) = 69.28 INCHES H2O
Pt (test pressure) = 1.25 * P = 86.61 INCHES H2O
Pf (failure pressure per F.6) = N.A. (see Uplift Case 3 below)
t_h (roof plate thickness) = 0.25 in.
Mw (Wind Moment) = 134,707 ft-lbf
Ms (Seismic Moment) = 268,514 ft-lbf
W1 (Dead Load of Shell minus C.A. and Any
Dead Load minus C.A. other than Roof
Plate Acting on Shell)
W2 (Dead Load of Shell minus C.A. and Any

Dead Load minus C.A. including Roof
Plate minus C.A. Acting on Shell)
W3 (Dead Load of New Shell and Any

Dead Load other than Roof
Plate Acting on Shell)
For Tank with Self Supported Roof,

W1 = Corroded Shell + Shell Insulation
= 9,335 + 1,508
= 10,843 lbf
W2 = Corroded Shell + Shell Insulation + Corroded
Roof Plates + Roof Dead Load
= 9,335 + 1,508
+ 2,076 + 39,086 * 25.3345/144
= 19,796 lbf
W3 = New Shell + Shell Insulation
= 12,240 + 1,508
= 13,748 lbf
Uplift Case 1: Design Pressure Only

U = [(P - 8*t_h) * D^2 * 4.08] - W1
U = [(69.28 - 8*0.25) * 18^2 * 4.08] - 10,843
= 78,096 lbf
bt = U / N = 9,762 lbf
Sd = 15,000 PSI
A_s_r = Bolt Root Area Req'd
A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 9,762/15,000 = 0.651 in^2
Uplift Case 2: Test Pressure Only

U = [(Pt - 8*t_h) * D^2 * 4.08] - W1
U = [(86.61 - 8*0.25) * 18^2 * 4.08] - 10,843
= 101,005 lbf
bt = U / N = 12,626 lbf
Page 40 of 47
Sd = 20,000 PSI
A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 12,626/20,000 = 0.631 in^2
Uplift Case 3: Failure Pressure Only

Not applicable since if there is a knuckle on tank roof,
or tank roof is not frangible.
Pf (failure pressure per F.6) = N.A.
Uplift Case 4: Frangibility Pressure

U = [(3 * Pf - 8*t_h) * D^2 * 4.08] - W3
U = [(3 * 0 - 8*0.25) * 18^2 * 4.08] - 13,748
= -16,392 lbf
bt = U / N = -2,049 lbf
Sd = 105,000 PSI
A_s_r = N.A., since Load per Bolt is zero.
Uplift Case 5: Wind Load Only

U = [4 * Mw / D] - W2
U = [4 * 134,707 / 18] - 19,796
= 10,139 lbf
bt = U / N = 1,267 lbf
Sd = 0.8 * 105,000 = 84,000 PSI

A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 1,267/84,000 = 0.015 in^2
Uplift Case 6: Seismic Load Only

U = [4 * Ms / D] - W2
U = [4 * 268,514 / 18] - 19,796
= 39,874 lbf
bt = U / N = 4,984 lbf
Sd = 0.8 * 105,000 = 84,000 PSI

A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 4,984/84,000 = 0.059 in^2
Uplift Case 7: Design Pressure + Wind Load

U = [(P - 8*t_h) * D^2 * 4.08] + [4 * Mw / D] - W1
U = [(69.28-8*0.25)*18^2 * 4.08]+[4*134,707 / 18] - 10,843
= 108,031 lbf
bt = U / N = 13,504 lbf
Sd = 20,000 = 20,000 PSI

A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 13,504/20,000 = 0.675 in^2
Uplift Case 8: Design Pressure + Seismic Load

U = [(P - 8*t_h) * D^2 * 4.08] + [4 * Ms / D] - W1
U = [(69.28-8*0.25)*18^2 * 4.08]+[4*268,514/18]-10,843
= 137,766 lbf
bt = U / N = 17,221 lbf
Page 41 of 47
Sd = 0.8 * 105,000 = 84,000 PSI

A_s_r = bt/Sd
= 17,221/84,000 = 0.205 in^2
< ANCHOR BOLT SUMMARY >
Bolt Root Area Req'd = 0.675 in^2
Exclusive of Corrosion,
Nominal Bolt Diameter Req'd = 1.125 in. (per ANSI B1.1)
Actual Bolt Diameter = 1.250 in.
Bolt Diameter Meets Requirements.
ANCHOR BOLT CHAIRS NOT SPECIFIED.

Page 42 of 47
TABLE 1: NOZZLES & MANWAYS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TYPE SIZE FLANGE SCH. ELEV. WEIGH REPAD REPAD REPAD REPAD
FACING ON t Do W CA
SHELL or L
(in) (ft) lbf (in) (in) (in) (in)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
A SHNZ 10 RFSO 40 2 3 0.25 28.5 0 0
B RFMW 24 RFSO .25 N.A. N.A. 0.25 46 25 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Page 43 of 47
< Nozzle A Reinforcement Requirements >

(Per API-650 Section 3.7.2 and other references below)
NOZZLE Description : 10in. 40 RFSO
MOUNTED ON SHELL COURSE 1 ; Elevation = 2 ft.

COURSE PARAMETERS:
t_cr = 0.1557 in. (Course t-Calc)
t_c = 0.25 in. (Course t less C.A.)
t_Basis = 0.1557 in.
(SHELL NOZZLE REF. API-650 TABLE 5-6, AND FOOTNOTE A OF TABLE 5-7)
t_rpr (Repad Required Thickness)

t_rpr = NOMINAL(A_rpr / D)
A_rpr = (Required Area - Available Shell Area

- Available Nozzle Neck Area)
Required Area = t_Basis * D

= 0.1557 * 10.25
= 1.596 in^2
Available Shell Area = (t_c - t_Basis) * D

= (0.25 - 0.1557) * 10.25
= 0.967 in^2
Available Nozzle Neck Area = [4 * (t_n-ca) + t_c] * (t_n-ca) * «

MIN(Sd_n/Sd_s, 1)
= [4 * (0) + 0.25] * (0) * 1
= 0 in^2
A_rpr = 1.596 - 0.967 - 0

= 0.629 in^2
t_rpr = NOMINAL(0.629/10.25)
= 0.0625 in.
Based on Shell Nozzle Size of 10 in.,

Repad Size (OD) Must be 23 in.
Page 44 of 47
< Nozzle B Reinforcement Requirements >

(Per API-650 Section 5.8.4 and other references below)
NOZZLE Description : 24in. .25 RFSO
MOUNTED ON ROOF; Elevation = 20 ft.

ROOF PARAMETERS:
(Per User Setting, t-Basis = API 650 default 1/4 in.)
t_c = 0.1875 in.
t_Basis = 0.25 in.
(ROOF MANWAY REF. API-650 FIG 5-16, AND TABLE 5-13)
t_rpr = (Repad Required Thickness)

= 0.25 in.
Based on Roof Manway Size of 24 in.,

Repad Size (OD) Must be 46in.
Page 45 of 47
CAPACITIES and WEIGHTS
Shell capacity to upper TL : 37,886 gal
New Condition Corroded

-----------------------------------------------------------
Shell 12,240 lbf 9,335 lbf
Roof Plates 2,768 lbf 2,076 lbf
Bottom 15,796 lbf 15,796 lbf
Stiffeners 3,171 lbf 3,171 lbf
Nozzle Wgt 3 lbf 3 lbf
Misc Roof Wgt 0 lbf 0 lbf
Misc Shell Wgt 0 lbf 0 lbf
Insulation 1,870 lbf 1,870 lbf
-----------------------------------------------------------
Total 35,848 lbf 32,251 lbf
Weight of Tank, Empty : 35,848 lbf

Weight of Tank, Full of Product (SG=0.9) : 320,473 lbf
Weight of Tank, Full of Water : 352,098 lbf
Net Working Capacity : 36,000 gal
Foundation Area Req'd : 254 ft^2
Foundation Loading, Empty : 141.13 lbf/ft^2

Foundation Loading, Full of Product (SG=0.9) : 1,262 lbf/ft^2
Foundation Loading, Full of Water : 1,386 lbf/ft^2
SURFACE AREAS
Roof 271 ft^2
Shell 1,131 ft^2
Bottom 254 ft^2
Wind Moment 134,707 ft-lbf

Seismic Moment 268,514 ft-lbf
MISCELLANEOUS ATTACHED ROOF ITEMS
MISCELLANEOUS ATTACHED SHELL ITEMS

Page 46 of 47
MAWP & MAWV SUMMARY FOR 2250_App.V_DOME
MAXIMUM CALCULATED INTERNAL PRESSURE
MAWP = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O (per API-650 App. F.1.3 & F.7)
MAWP = Maximum Calculated Internal Pressure (due to shell)

= 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O
MAWP = Maximum Calculated Internal Pressure (due to roof)

(Roof also Per F.1.3 and F.7.5.c)
= 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O
TANK MAWP** = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

Page 47 of 47
* This MAWP calculation assumes a minimum liquid level of 1 FT. in the tank.
MAXIMUM CALCULATED EXTERNAL PRESSURE
MAWV = 1 PSI or 27.71 IN. H2O (per API-650 V.1)
MAWV = Maximum Calculated External Pressure (due to shell)

= -1.041 PSI or -28.85 IN. H2O
MAWV = Maximum Calculated External Pressure (due to roof)

= -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O
MAWV = Maximum Calculated External Pressure (due to bottom plate)

= -0.6749 PSI or -18.7 IN. H2O
TANK MAWV = -0.6749 PSI or -18.7 IN. H2O

API 650 Tank Roof Design

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API 650 Tank Roof Design

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Page 1 of 47

ETANK FULL REPORT - 2250_App.V_DOME

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1

ETANK SETTINGS SUMMARY PAGE 2

SUMMARY OF DESIGN DATA AND REMARKS PAGE 3

SUMMARY OF RESULTS PAGE 5

SHELL COURSE DESIGN PAGE 17

SHELL COURSE SUMMARY PAGE 26

BOTTOM DESIGN PAGE 28

BOTTOM DESIGN PAGE 32

WIND MOMENT PAGE 33

SEISMIC MOMENT PAGE 36

ANCHOR BOLT DESIGN PAGE 39

CAPACITIES AND WEIGHTS PAGE 45

MAWP & MAWV SUMMARY PAGE 46

ETANK SETTINGS SUMMARY

To Change These ETank Settings, Go To Tools->Options, Behavior Tab.

SUMMARY OF DESIGN DATA and REMARKS

Design Internal Pressure = 2.5 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

MAWP = 2.5000 PSI or 69.28 IN. H2O

Design Temperature = 200 Deg.F

OD of Tank = 18 ft Shell Height = 20 ft

NOTE 1 : There are tank calculation warnings.

THIS IS A SERIES OF REMARKS FOR THIS FILE OKAY? OK

Shell Material Summary (Bottom is 1)

Shell API 650 Summary (Bottom is 1)

Self Supported Domed Roof; Material = A-36

t.required = 0.225 in.

Weight = 2,768 lbf

Bottom Type: Flat Bottom: Annular

Annular Bottom Plate Material : A-36

Total Weight of Bottom = 15,796 lbf

ANCHOR BOLTS: (8) 1.25in. UNC Bolts, A-193 Gr B7

TOP END STIFFENER: L3x3x3/8, A-36, 411. lbf

<Roof Design Per API 650>

DOMED ROOF: A-36

JEr = Roof Joint Efficiency = 0.85

S = Ground Snow Load = 20 lbf/ft²

Dead_Load = Insulation + Plate_Weight + Added_Dead_Load

Roof Loads (per API-650 Appendix R)

Pe = PV*144 = 0.5*144 = 72 lbf/ft^2

e.1 = DL + MAX(SL,Lr) + 0.4*Pe

T = Roof Design Load (per API-650 Appendix R)

Lr_1 = T = 117.533 lbf/ft^2

Dish Radius (Rs) = 18 ft

Rc = ID/2 = 107.8125 in.

<Weight, Surface Area, and Projected Areas of Roof>

t_ins = Thickness of Roof Insulation

Horizontal Projected Area of Roof (Per API-650 5.2.1.f)

Xw = Moment Arm of UPLIFT wind force on roof

< Uplift on Tank > (per API-650 F.1.2)

For flat bottom tank with self supported roof,

< Uplift Case per API-650 1.1.1 >

P_Uplift = 91,609 lbf

<Minimum Thickness of Roof Plate>

t-Calc = 0.2079 in.

Max_f (due to roof thickness)

Max_T1 (due to roof thickness)

P_ext_1 (Vacuum limited by roof thickness)

P_max_ext = -1 PSI or -27.71 IN. H2O

<Actual Participating Area of Roof-to-Shell Juncture>

Wh = 0.6 * SQRT[R2 * (t-CA)] (Roof Plate)

Pe = PV144 = 0.5144 = 72 lbf/ft^2

A_actual = JEsts1X_Shell + JErtrX_Dome + A_stiff_actual*JEst

A_stiff_reqd = A_reqd - JEsts1X_Shell - JErt_roofX_Dome

A_actual = JEsts1X_Shell + JErtrX_Dome + A_stiff_actual

t-Calc = T/(StsE) + CA = 264/(16,0000.85) + 0.0625 = 0.0819 in.

t-Calc = T/(StsE) + CA = 262.4/(16,0000.85) + 0.0625 = 0.0818 in.