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CONCEPT OF SECURITY
Security is a frequently used and all too often
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approach has been found wanting in many respects, according
to Prof. Misra,
many scholars have pleaded for a wider
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approach to the concept of security.
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achieve its rightful place in the community of nations. At
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a secure &nd stable society cannot develop in an atmosphere
of complete international insecurity, when the very
Individual Security:
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of security can be applied. Although the traditional
emphasis in international relations has been on the security
of collective units, particularly states, individuals can be
analysed in the sarue way.
from among his fellow beings, from nature, and moral and
psychological threats. Security for individuals, however,
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property, denial of access t9 work or resources); threats to
rights (imprisonment, denial of normal civil liberties); and
threats to position or status (demotion, public
humiliation). The existence of these threats to individuals
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live contentedly." Similarly John Locke considers the
state as the great and chief end of men's desire and says
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in Argentina, and ruthless relocation, liquidation and
enforced labour in Pol Pot's Kampuchea are examples of such
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casualties, makes the decision about what constitutes a
National Security:
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specialized topics - strategy, weapons, policy analysis,
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accord with the common usage of the term." Michael H.H.
Lou\,, argues, national security includes traditional defence
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deeply held goals pursued by states. In a broader sense
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counterparts. The definition of national security for our
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organic connection between socio-economic development and
security. In a small developing nation, where the level of
development, both political and socio-economic, is low and
alienation and conformity are common, the first priority
should be to evolve strategy for the development of the
International Security:
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is closely linked with the security of sub-system which
makes up the national system. Systems approach to security
argues that security of the parts of the system is
inextricably interwined with that of the whole. The
propagators of this theory have argued that various segments
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may be dependent in one period, it might not be the same in
other. Therefore, is security possible individually, for
all the states? If not, what is the way out to ensure
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to the very existence of mankind, and in recent years masses
of people have come to realise how grave this threat is, and
that nuclear war must be averted. Although the arms race
remains an instrument of policy - and by extension, a weapon
used by some countries to pressure or blackmail others - the
actual use of nuclear weapons is senseless: such a war
cannot solve any political problems, but can only lead to
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~xplosive situation for the mankind. So, halting the arms
race and achieving disarmament are prerequisites for
strengthening security.
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Europe is beginning to appear and moves are being made
towards agreement on a new set of complementary confidence
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illiterate and about 40,000 destitutes dying every day out
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of poverty and hunger. The two Development Decades had
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World should move consciously and with deliberate
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developing countries must pursue with determination South-
South technology transfers, and must set an example on fair
and reasonable transfers of technology. The divergence
between the energy consumption patterns in the North land
South is totally skewed in favour of the North but the
developed countries have yet to accept restrictions on their
environmentally unsound policies while they demand
restrictions on the South. The need is for lan equitable
sharing of the burdens of protecting the environment and the
sharing of environmentally benign technologies.
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