24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering

June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

IEC 61850 Based Electrical Protection

and Control System
for Nuclear Power Plants

Chang Choong-koo
KINGS, Korea
 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

1. Introduction
 IEC61850 functionality have been developed for MV protection
relays as well as LV circuit breakers recently.
 Together, these devices make it possible to design and operate a
fully integrated protection and supervision system that spans the
LV and MV networks.
 This comprehensive approach is made possible by exploiting
IEC61850 to create features such as;
- advanced logic selectivity based on peer to peer
communication,
- real-time diagnostics and integrated engineering.

-2- Chang Choong-koo

 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

2. Overview of Existing Electrical Protection and Control

System in Nuclear Power Plants
2.1 Relays and Field Devices
 Digitalized protective relays were applied to Class 1E* and Non-
class 1E MV systems fully form the Shin-Kori Unit 3 and 4 nuclear
power plants in Korea.
 Four(4) types of digital relays were installed in the MV networks of
APR 1400 nuclear power plants (NPPs).
- Generator Protection Relays
- Motor Protection Relays
- Transformer Protection Relays
- Bus Protection Relays
 Two out of three protection logic for major equipment protection
 Component control by analog signal
[Note] Class 1E* : Nuclear safety related systems are classified into Class 1E.

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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

2.2 Distribution Switchgear

 Medium voltage switchgear : VCB control at local and main control
room(MCR) via Component Control System(CCS)
 Motor start/stop by open/close of VCB
 Low voltage switchgear : ACB control at local and MCR or local
control room(LCR)
 The ACB has built in trip device composed of;
- current sensor, instantaneous trip element(IT), short time trip(ST)
element and longtime trip element(LT).
- In addition, instantaneous ground overcurrent relay (50GS) or
time ground overcurrent relay (51G) was installed for feeders
respectively.

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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

2.3 Station Computer System

 Digital relay based electrical protection and control system (EPCS)
had been installed. The EPCS composed of operator workstations,
engineering work station, data communication network, printers
and digital protective relays.
 Functions of the EPCS:
• Status monitoring and measurement
• Alarming and annunciation
• Sequence of event tagging
• Data logging
• Trend analysis
• Fault analysis
• Data storage
• Self-diagnosis
 The circuit breakers are controlled in the plant control system.

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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

2.4 Challenge of Existing System

 Digital relays were applied to the medium voltage networks of Shin-
Kori unit 3 and 4 NPPs.
 Still many devices provided by different manufacturer are used for
transformers as well as LV switchgears. It results in lack of unified
data modeling and communication protocol.
 The complexity of the system and inconvenience to plant design plant
design, construction, operation and maintenance are increased.
 Electrical protection system and component control system(CCS) are
separated and logical coordination is not applicable .

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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

3. Physical System Architecture of IEC 61850 based EPCS

Fig. 1. IEC61850 based EPCS System Architecture Fig. 2. Logical Nodes and Information
Modeling
 The VTs and CTs connected to the primary equipment send signals
to a merging unit (MU) or to a IDPR.
 The logical nodes (LNs) representing functions or equipment used in
power systems (See Fig. 2). Each LN provides a list of well-
organized and named information.
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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

4. Software & Communication Architecture of IEC 61850

Based EPCS

Fig. 3. Object Name Structure Fig. 4. Anatomy of an IEC 61850 Object Model

 IEC61850 provides a comprehensive model for how power system

devices should organize data in a manner that is consistent across
all types and brands of devices.
 The result is a very large savings in the cost and effort to configure
an IEC61850 device .
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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

Fig. 5. IEC 61850 Protocol: related standards for Fig. 6 IEC 61850 Communication Mapping
communication

 Use Ethernet(ISO/IEC 8802-3) as the basic communication

technology.
 Services for electric power systems are mapped in IEC 61850-8-1
mapping to MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification, ISO 9506).
 The IEC 61850 standard describes its requested services in abstract
communication system interface (ACSI).
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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

5. Interface with Process Component Control System

Fig.7 Simplified Functional Diagram of the ESF-CCS

 Process systems of a nuclear power plant are divided into safety related
systems and non-safety related systems.
 The safety related systems are controlled by engineered safety features-
component control system (ESF-CCS) and non-safety related systems
are controlled by power control system (PCS) and process-component
control system (P-CCS).
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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

Fig. 8 Control Logic Diagram for a Circuit Breaker Operated Process Component
 The control, monitoring and management of electrical apparatus,
such as main transformer, unit auxiliary transformer (UAT), and
standby auxiliary transformer (SAT) are achieved by IEC 61850
based EPCS in proposed system.
 The incoming circuit breakers of MV and LV switchgears and
feeder circuit breakers for the process components are controlled
by the component control systems (ESF-CCS, P-CCS or PCS).
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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

24. Conclusions
 By implementing the IEC 61850 the protocol conversion between
devices produced by different manufacturer is not required.
 Monitoring, maintenance and management are convenient and cable
wiring is simple. In addition, optimized system layout is possible too.
 IEC61850 based EPCS can utilize many of useful control functions for
both MV and LV networks.
 Zone selective interlocking can prevent the propagation of short
circuit fault in the LV systems and function as same as bus differential
protection relay without additional CTs in the MV systems.
 IEC61850 based EPCS can control process components and can be
used as backup of ESF-CCS, P-CCS and PCS system.
 But, for the practical implementation of IEC61850 based EPCS to the
safety related electrical system the system shall be qualified
environmentally and seismically.

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 24th International Conference on Electrical Engineering
June 24-28, 2018 l Korea University, Seoul, Korea

Chang Choong-koo
KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School
Home Page : www.kings.ac.kr E-mail : ckchang@kings.ac.kr

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