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  • IB History Mussolini Cheat Sheet

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    davidholcer
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    1) Support for socialism surged in Italy after World War 1 due to high unemployment, inflation, and dissatisfaction with the liberal government. Socialist groups seized control of local governments and factories in northern Italy. 2) Benito Mussolini and his fascist groups used violence and intimidation tactics like the squadristi to suppress the socialists and gain control. Mussolini marched on Rome in 1922 and was appointed Prime Minister. 3) Mussolini consolidated his power through laws restricting opposition parties and censorship. He formed alliances with the Catholic Church, industrialists, landowners, and the military to establish a dictatorship with himself as Il Duce.

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    IB History Mussolini Cheat Sheet

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    1) Support for socialism surged in Italy after World War 1 due to high unemployment, inflation, and dissatisfaction with the liberal government. Socialist groups seized control of local governments and factories in northern Italy. 2) Benito Mussolini and his fascist groups used violence and intimidation tactics like the squadristi to suppress the socialists and gain control. Mussolini marched on Rome in 1922 and was appointed Prime Minister. 3) Mussolini consolidated his power through laws restricting opposition parties and censorship. He formed alliances with the Catholic Church, industrialists, landowners, and the military to establish a dictatorship with himself as Il Duce.

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    235 vues1 page

    IB History Mussolini Cheat Sheet

    Transféré par

    davidholcer
    1) Support for socialism surged in Italy after World War 1 due to high unemployment, inflation, and dissatisfaction with the liberal government. Socialist groups seized control of local governments and factories in northern Italy. 2) Benito Mussolini and his fascist groups used violence and intimidation tactics like the squadristi to suppress the socialists and gain control. Mussolini marched on Rome in 1922 and was appointed Prime Minister. 3) Mussolini consolidated his power through laws restricting opposition parties and censorship. He formed alliances with the Catholic Church, industrialists, landowners, and the military to establish a dictatorship with himself as Il Duce.

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF, TXT ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 1

    In 1920, support for socialism surged again in Battle of Economies:

    ITALY AND MUSSOLINI the North. Agrarian strikes and land


    occupations in central Italy.
    Socialists won 26 out of 69 provinces
    Battle for Grain 1925: Import controls. Mod.
    success
    Battle for Land 1926: Seeking to increase
    Causes:
    1. Fas. French Rev. Laissez faire (passivity) Squadristi effective in suppressing rise in farmland. Mod. success
    Against individualism and div. of social North. Battle for Lira 1926: Forceful raising of the
    classes. Industrialists/Middle Class: landowners Lira for international reputation. Failure
    Nat., Military. Control of media. appease with price ceilings, concessions. Battle of Births 1927: Tax cuts to 6+ children.
    Religion+gov. Shows incompetency. Loans to married couples. Failure
    2. WW1->revolt against liberal ideas. Fascist Groups: Squadristi, ex-army
    Fascist Manifesto 1919. legionaries. Formed base of support for Role of youth:
    • 8hrs, min. wage, ret. 65->55 Mussolini, also gained support from Mandatory youth organizations (40% don’t
    Youth passionate. Reject middle-class values. middle/lower classes, fear of socialist join.)
    Imperial destiny (Ancient Roman) revolution. Attacked unionists and socialists. State-run school teachers must be fascists,
    Universal male suffrage+prop. representation. Aim to unite the different groups in the right Emphasized “fascist soul.”
    Problems: mutilated victory, econ, fear of rev. into Fascio di Combattimento. Develop into C.f. Mao’s red book.
    • Fiume taken then seized. Extreme pol. Rise. blackshirts.
    Gov. powerless, fas. gained support. Identity Army: Violent takeovers (biennio rosso) pow. Foreign Policy:
    c.f. Boxer Rebellion. (weakness) To fascism. Peacemaker, and land conquer. <bad than
    • run-down industry, mass unemployment. Catholic Church: Marriage of Convenience Hitler.
    Increased anger against gov. fas. Gained Conciliazione (Felice) 1922-1934 want fiume.
    support. Desperate choice. Accepting sudden Corfu Crisis of 1923 demands $ and apology
    change. Consolidation of Power: from Greece. Occupy -> $ gained.
    • biennio rosso 1918-1920. Violence Acerbo Law 1923 25% of votes -> 2/3 of Kellog-Briand 1928 & Locarno Pact 1925
    up+Revolution parliament. against war.
    1921 Elections 35 seats (7%) Won general elections of 1924. 1935-36 War on Abyssinia. Success distracts
    1922 ultimatum against strikes Murder of Matteotti-> unrest. public from domestic problems.
    March on Rome 1922 • Cult (‘Duce’ c.f. Mao) 1935 Charter of
    Main Parties: OVRA secret police 1925 Race, loses support
    Socialist Movement: Socialist Threat 1926 Press censorship. of Church
    WWI→inflation, unemployment, debt, discontent Rocco Law in 1926 outlawed strikes. 1936 Rome-Berlin
    → socialism (PSI) Ban political opposition. Pact link to Nazi
    Inspired by Bolshevik Revolution Party “an instrument of the state’s will”. Germany.
    Militant wave in Biennio Rosso (two red years) The Lateran Accords 1929: Abyssinia Crisis
    Comprised of 1 million workers • Recognition of Vatican. 1936 Aids
    In the North, seized local governments, factories • Catholicism sole religion nationalists during
    In general though, the central PSI didn’t support • Accepts Italian sovereignty over the former outbreak of war.
    movement, preached. Papal States. Gives church 30 million lira. 1939 Pact of Steel
    Working Class population (Industrial workers): Economical aims: solidifies link w/
    Unemployment rose to over 2 million → militant Consolidate political system Germany.
    action from 1918 to end of 1920. -> Violence Make country self sufficient
    Mussolini uses appeasement and suppression. Provide an economic base for military.

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