Design of circular beam

Name of work:- pkn

1 Radious of Beam 5 mtr Load on beam 300 kN/m
2 Width of beam 500 mm Depth of beam 1000 mm
4 Conrete M 20 unit weight 25000 N/m3
scbc 7 N/mm2 m 13
Q 0.897 j 0.906
5 Steel fy 415 tesile stress 230
6 Nominal Cover 25 mm Angle (between column) 45 degree
7 Reinforcement
Maximum torsion Bottom 20 mm F 2 Nos bars
top/ bottom 12 mm F 4 Nos bars
Distirbution 10 mm F mm c/c
Support section top 20 mm F 8 Nos bars
Distirbution 10 mm f mm c/c
Mid section Bottom 20 mm F 5 Nos bars
Distirbution 10 mm F mm c/c

0 nos bars mm f mm F top bars

0 nos bars 0 mm F

25 mm cover
mm F 0 mm c/c
mm F 0 mm c/c 1000
1000 nos bars 0 mm F mm
mm nos bars 0 mm F
mm F 0 mm c/c
mm cover
#VALUE! 500
500 mm
mm
(a) supports section (B) Mid span section

mm F 0 0
mm F 0 mm c/c each face
1000 mm F 0 mm c/c
mm nos bars 0 mm F

500
© Section on to maximum torsion

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 Design of circular beam

Radious of Beam 5 mtr = 300.00 kN/m2

Width of beam 500 mm Depth of beam = 1000 mm
Conrete M- 20 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm3
scbc 7 N/mm2 m = 13
Steel fy 415 N/mm2 Tensile stess = 230 N/mm2
Nominal cover 25 mm Angle = 45 degree

Design Constants: For HYSD Bars Cocrete M - = 20

sst = 230 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm3
scbc = 7 N/mm2 m = 13
k = 0.283 J = 0.906 R= 0.898

### Design of Bottom circular ring beam B2 :-

Assuming the size of beam = 500 x 1000 mm

Uniformaly distributed load = 300000

Self weight = 0.50 x 1.00 x 1.00 x 25000 = 12500 N/m
\ Total load on beam w = 359019 N/m

p p
45 degree = 2f = 45 =
0
f = 22.5 =
4 8
; C1 = 0.066 ; C2 = 0.030 ; C3 = 0.005 ; fm = 9.5
sin 9.5 = 0.165 , cos 9.5 = 0.986 , cot 22.5 = 2.414
p
w R2 . 2f = 359019 x 5.0 2
x = 7045748 N-m
4
Maximum -ve B.M. at support = M0 = C1.w R2.2f = 0.066 x 7045748 = 465019
Maximum +ve B.M. at support = Mc = C2.w R 2f2.
= 0.030 x 7045748 = 211372
Maximum torsion moment = Mtm = C3.w R 2f2.
= 0.005 x 7045748 = 35229
For HYSD Bars Cocrete M - 20
sst = 230 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm3
scbc = 7 N/mm2 m = 13
k = 0.283 J = 0.906 R = 0.898

Ö Ö
Mf 465019 x 1000
Required depth= = = 1017 mm
bxR 500 x 0.90
However, keep total depth = 1000 mm from shear point of veiw, Let d= 1000 - 50 = 950
Maximum shear force at supports, F0 =w.R.f = 359019 x 5.00 x p / 8 = 704575
Shear force at any point given by, F = w.R(F-f) =
At f = fm, F = 359019 x 5.00 x( 22.50 - 9.5 )x p /180 = 407088
B.M. at the point of maximum torsion moment (f = fm =9.5 ) is given by Eq.
Mf = w.R2 (Fsin f +F cot F.cosf -1) sagging
= 359019 x 5.00 x(
2
p/8 x sin 9.5 + p/8 x( cot22.5 x cos9.5 - 1))

= 359019 x 25.00 x( 0.393 x 0.165 + 0.393 x( 2.414 x 0.986 - 1))

= x( 0.064979 + 0.935356 - 1
= 8975475 x( 0.064979 + -0.0646437
= 8975475 x 0.000335
= 3006 N-m (hogging)
The tosional moment at any point is given by Eq.20.6
 Mtf = w.R2 (Fcos f - F cot F.sinf -(F-f) At the support,f= 0 \ wR2 (F-F)= 0
At the mid span, f =F= 22.50 = p/8 rad., M1f = w.R2 (Fcos f -F cot F.sinf -1) '=
Hence we have the following combinations of B .M. and the torsional moment.
(A) At the supports,
Mo = 465019 N-M (Hogging or negative); Mt0 = 0
(B) At mid span , Mc = 211372 N-m (sagging or positive) Mtc = 0
(C ) At the point of max. torsion. (f = fm = 9.5 )
Mf = 3006 N-m hogging Mtm = 35229 N-m
Mf = -3006 N-m Sagging

Main and Longitudinal reinforcement.;- Hogging or negative

(a) Section at point of maximum torsion.
T=M t
max = 35229 N-m Mf '=M, 3006 Me1 = M+Mt, D= 1000 mm, b = 500
1+D/b 1+ 1.00 / 0.50
Where Mt= T = 35229 = 62169 N-m
1.7 1.7
\ Me1 = -3006 + 62169 = 59163 N-m
Me1 59163 x 1000
Ast1 = = = 299 mm2
sst. j.d 230 x 0.906 x 950
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using ### mm bars A = = = 314
4 x100 4 x 100
No.of hoop Bars = 299 / 314 = 1 No. say 2 No.
However Provided minimum 2 No. 20 mm F bar,
Since MT > m \ Me2 = MT -M = ### - -3006 = 65175 N-m
Me2 65175 x 1000
Ast2 = = = 329 mm2
sst. j.d 230 x 0.906 x 950
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using ### mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
No.of Bars = 329 / 113 = 3 No. say 4 No.
However Provided minimum 4 No. 12 mm F bar, Thus,
At a point of maximum torsion, provide 4 x 12 mm f bars each at top and bottom.
(b) Section at maximum hogging B.M. (support)
M0 = 465019 N-m Mt0 = 0
Me2 465019 x 1000
Ast2 = = = 2350 mm2
sst. j.d 230 x 0.906 x 950
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using ### mm bars A = = = 314
4 x100 4 x 100
\ No.of Bars = 2350 / 314 = 8 No. say 8 No.
Hence provided 6 Nos. of ### mm f bars in one layer and 2 Bars in second layer.
Thes will be provided at the top of section, near supports.
(c ) Section at maximum hogging B.M. (mid-span)
Mc = 211372 N-m Mtc = 0
For posotive B.M., steel will be to the orther face, where stress in steel (sst) can be taken as
190 N/mm2 The constants for M- 20 concrete having C= 7 N/mm2, and m=
k = 0.324 J = 0.892 R = 1.011
Mc 211372 x 1000
Ast = = = 1313 mm2
sst. j.d 190 x 0.892 x 950
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using ### mm bars A = = = 314
4 x100 4 x 100
 No.of Bars = 1313 / 314 = 5 No.
Hence the scheme of reinforcement will be as follows: the supports, provide 6 Nos ### mm bars in top layer,
and 2 Nos of ### mm f bars in second layer . Continues these upto the section of maximum
torsion (i.e.at fm = 9.5 = 0.1658 rad.) at a distance = Rfm = 0.0 x 0.166 = 0
or equal to Ld =52 f = 52 x 20 = 1040 mm from supports.
At this point, discontinue 4 bars while continue the remaining bars. Similarly, provide 4 bars
mm f at the bottom, throughout the length. These bars will take care of both the maximum positive B.M. as well
as maximum torsional moment.

Transverse reinforcement ;-
(a) At point of maximum torsional moment; At the point of max. torsion.V = 407088.00 N
Ve = V+1.6xT/b Where T= Mtm,\ 35229 ; b = 500 m
35229
\ Ve = 407088 + 1.6 x = 407201 N
500
V 407200.7328
\ tve = = = 0.857 < 1.8 safe, for M 20 concrete
b xd 500 x 950
100 x As 100 x 4 x 314
= = 0.264 \ Tc = 0.210 < 0.857 Fail
bxd 500 x 950
Since Tve < Tc, Shear reinforcement required
T . Sv V . Sv
The area of cross section Asv of the strirupps is given by = +
b1.d1.ssv 2.5 d1. ssv
where b1 = 500 - 2 x 25 - 20 = 430 mm pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
d1 = 1000 - 2 x 25 - 20 = 930 mm
\ Asv 35229 x 1000 407088.00
= + = 1.14
Sv 430 x 930 x 230 2.5 x 930 x 230
Asv tve-tc
Maximum transverse reinforcement given by = > b
Sv ssv

\ Asv 0.857 - 0.210

= x 500 = 1.407 Hence depth = 1.41
Sv 230
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using ### mm f 4 lgd strirrup, Asv = = = 452
100 100
or Sv = 452 / 1.41 = 321 mm
However , the spacing should not exceed the least of x 1, (x1+y1)/4, and 300 mm
x1 = short dimension of strirrups = 430 + 20 + 10 = 460 mm
y1 = Long dimension of strirrups = 930 - 20 - 10 = 900 mm
x1 +y1 460 + 900
= = 340
4 4
Hence provided 12 mm f 4 lgd strirrups @ 300 mm
(b) At point of maximum shear (supports):
At supports, Fo = 704575 N
704575
tv = = 1.48
500 x 950
100 x As 100 x 8 x 314
At supports, = = 0.529 % \ tc = 0.3 N/mm2
bxd 500 x 950
Tv > Tc shear reinforcement necessary
Vc = 0.300 x 500 x 950 = 142500
 \ F0 - Vc = 704575 - 142500 = 562075 N
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 12 x 12
The spacing of ### mm f 4 lgd strirrup, Asv = = = 452
100 100
ssv . Asv . D 230 x 452 x 950
Sv = = = 176 mm
Vs 562075
(c ) At mid point :
At mid span S.F. is Zero ,Hence provide minimum /nominal shear reinforcement, given by
Asv 0.400 Asv 0.4. b
> or = For HYSD bars , fy = 415 N/mm2
b . Sv fy Sv fy
Asv 0.40 x 500
\ = = 0.482
Sv 415
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10 x 10
using ### mm f 4 lgd strirrup, Asv = = = 314
100 100
or Sv = 314 / 0.48 = 652 mm, maximum permissible spacing 0.75 d = 713
or 300 mm which ever is less. Hence provide 10 mm f bars 4 lgd strirrups @ 300 mm c/c
Side face reinforcement:-
Since depth is > than 450 mm, 0.1 % reinforcement is necessary.
0.10
At = x( 500 x 1000 )= 500 mm2
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using ### mm f bars Area = = = 201
4 x 100 4 x 100
\ No.of Bars = 500 / 201 = 3 No. say 4 No.
Total area = 4 x 201 = 803.84 mm2
Hence Provided 4 Nos . Bars of 16 mm f on each face ,
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
2.414

N-m
N-m
N-m

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wana@yahoo.co.in

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wana@yahoo.co.in
 VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 t
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst =
jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
140
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254
(Fe 250) Pc (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
190
Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289
(c ) sst =
jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904
230
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816
kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
(d) sst =
jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
275
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500) Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599

Permissible shear stress Table t v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tv N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M 15 20 25 30 35 40
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5
Shear stress tc Reiforcement % modification factore Table
100As 100As % fy 200 250 328
M-20 M-20
bd bd 0.0
0.14 0.17 0.17 0.14 0.05
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.10
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.15
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 0.20
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.25 2
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 0.30 1.85
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 0.35 1.75
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 0.4 1.65
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 0.5 2.0 1.5
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 0.6 1.75 1.4
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 0.7 1.90 1.65 1.35
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 0.8 1.80 1.55 1.30
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 0.9 1.70 1.5 1.25
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 1.0 1.60 1.45 1.2
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 1.1 1.55 1.4 1.16
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 1.2 1.50 1.35 1.13
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 1.3 1.50 1.3 1.1
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 1.4 1.45 1.3 1.1
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 1.5 1.40 1.25 1.07
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 1.6 1.35 1.2 1.05
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 1.7 1.35 1.2 1.03
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 1.8 1.30 1.18 1.01
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 1.9 1.30 1.16 1.0
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 2.0 1.25 1.14 0.99
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16 2.1 1.25 1.13 0.97
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25 2.2 1.20 1.12 0.96
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33 2.3 1.18 1.1 0.95
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41 2.4 1.17 1.1 0.94
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50 2.5 1.16 1.08 0.93
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63 2.6 1.15 1.06 0.92
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64 2.7 1.14 1.05 0.92
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75 2.8 1.13 1.04 0.91
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88 2.9 1.12 1.03 0.91
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00 3.0 1.11 1.02 0.90
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13 3.1 1.11 1.01 0.87
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25 3.2 1.11 1.00 0.86
0.5 0.30
0.51 0.30
0.52 0.30
0.53 0.30
0.54 0.30 Value of angle
0.55 0.31 Degree sin Degree cos tan cot
0.56 0.31 1 0.017 1 1.000 0.017 57.295
0.57 0.31 1.5 0.026 1.5 1.000 0.262 56.300
0.58 0.31 2 0.035 2 0.999 0.035 28.644
0.59 0.31 2.5 0.044 2.5 0.999 0.044 22.913
0.6 0.32 3 0.052 3 0.999 0.052 19.083
0.61 0.32 3.5 0.061 3.5 0.998 0.061 16.362
0.62 0.32 4 0.070 4 0.998 0.070 14.311
0.63 0.32 4.5 0.078 4.5 0.997 0.079 12.707
0.64 0.32 5 0.087 5 0.996 0.087 11.437
0.65 0.33 5.5 0.096 5.5 0.995 0.096 10.385
0.66 0.33 6 0.104 6 0.995 0.105 9.563
0.67 0.33 6.5 0.113 6.5 0.994 0.114 8.777
0.68 0.33 7 0.122 7 0.993 0.123 8.149
0.69 0.33 7.5 0.131 7.5 0.991 0.132 7.597
0.7 0.34 8 0.139 8 0.990 0.140 7.119
0.71 0.34 8.5 0.148 8.5 0.989 0.149 6.691
0.72 0.34 9 0.156 9 0.988 0.158 6.315
0.73 0.34 9.5 0.165 9.5 0.986 0.168 5.963
0.74 0.34 10 0.174 10 0.985 0.176 5.673
0.75 0.35 10.5 0.182 10.5 0.983 0.185 5.396
0.76 0.35 11 0.191 11 0.981 0.194 5.142
0.77 0.35 11.5 0.199 11.5 0.980 0.203 4.915
0.78 0.35 12 0.208 12 0.978 0.213 4.704
0.79 0.35 12.5 0.819 12.5 0.976 0.839 1.192
0.8 0.35 13 0.225 13 0.974 0.231 4.332
0.81 0.35 13.5 0.233 13.5 0.972 0.240 4.166
0.82 0.36 14 0.242 14 0.970 0.249 4.011
0.83 0.36 14.5 0.250 14.5 0.968 0.259 3.867
0.84 0.36 15 0.259 15 0.966 0.268 3.732
0.85 0.36 15.5 0.259 15.5 0.964 0.269 3.723
0.86 0.36 16 0.276 16 0.961 0.287 3.488
0.87 0.36 16.5 0.284 16.5 0.959 0.296 3.376
0.88 0.37 17 0.292 17 0.956 0.306 3.272
0.89 0.37 17.5 0.301 17.5 0.954 0.315 3.172
0.9 0.37 18 0.309 18 0.951 0.325 3.078
0.91 0.37 18.5 0.317 18.5 0.948 0.335 2.989
0.92 0.37 19 0.326 19 0.946 0.344 2.905
0.93 0.37 19.5 0.334 19.5 0.943 0.354 2.824
0.94 0.38 20 0.342 20 0.940 0.364 2.747
0.95 0.38 20.5 0.350 20.5 0.937 0.374 2.674
0.96 0.38 21 0.358 21 0.934 0.384 2.605
0.97 0.38 21.5 0.367 21.5 0.930 0.394 2.539
0.98 0.38 22 0.375 22 0.927 0.404 2.475
0.99 0.38 22.5 0.383 22.5 0.924 0.414 2.414
1.00 0.39 23 0.391 23 0.921 0.424 2.356
1.01 0.39 23.5 0.399 23.5 0.917 0.435 2.300
1.02 0.39 24 0.407 24 0.924 0.440 2.271
1.03 0.39 24.5 0.415 24.5 0.910 0.456 2.194
1.04 0.39 25 0.422 25 0.906 0.466 2.148
1.05 0.39 25.5 0.431 25.5 0.905 0.476 2.103
1.06 0.39 26 0.438 26 0.898 0.488 2.049
1.07 0.39 26.5 0.446 26.5 0.895 0.499 2.006
1.08 0.4 27 0.454 27 0.891 0.510 1.963
1.09 0.4 27.5 0.462 27.5 0.887 0.521 1.921
1.10 0.4 28 0.469 28 0.883 0.532 1.881
1.11 0.4 28.5 0.477 28.5 0.879 0.543 1.842
1.12 0.4 29 0.485 29 0.875 0.554 1.804
1.13 0.4 29.5 0.492 29.5 0.870 0.566 1.767
1.14 0.4 30 0.500 30 0.866 0.577 1.732
1.15 0.4 30.5 0.508 30.5 0.862 0.589 1.698
1.16 0.41 31 0.515 31 0.857 0.601 1.664
1.17 0.41 31.5 0.522 31.5 0.853 0.613 1.632
1.18 0.41 32 0.530 32 0.848 0.625 1.600
1.19 0.41 32.5 0.537 32.5 0.843 0.637 1.570
1.20 0.41 33 0.545 33 0.839 0.649 1.540
1.21 0.41 33.5 0.552 33.5 0.834 0.662 1.511
1.22 0.41 34 0.559 34 0.829 0.675 1.483
1.23 0.41 34.5 0.566 34.5 0.834 0.679 1.473
1.24 0.41 35 0.573 35 0.819 0.700 1.429
1.25 0.42 35.5 0.581 35.5 0.814 0.713 1.402
1.26 0.42 36 0.588 36 0.809 0.726 1.377
1.27 0.42 36.5 0.595 36.5 0.804 0.740 1.351
1.28 0.42 37 0.602 37 0.799 0.754 1.327
1.29 0.42 37.5 0.609 37.5 0.793 0.767 1.303
1.30 0.42 38 0.616 38 0.788 0.781 1.280
1.31 0.42 38.5 0.623 38.5 0.783 0.795 1.257
1.32 0.42 39 0.629 39 0.777 0.810 1.235
1.33 0.43 39.5 0.636 39.5 0.772 0.824 1.213
1.34 0.43 40 0.643 40 0.766 0.839 1.191
1.35 0.43 40.5 0.649 40.5 0.760 0.854 1.171
1.36 0.43 41 0.656 41 0.755 0.869 1.150
1.37 0.43 41.5 0.663 41.5 0.749 0.885 1.130
1.38 0.43 42 0.669 42 0.743 0.900 1.111
1.39 0.43 42.5 0.676 42.5 0.737 0.916 1.091
1.40 0.43 43 0.682 43 0.731 0.933 1.072
1.41 0.44 43.5 0.688 43.5 0.725 0.949 1.054
1.42 0.44 44 0.695 44 0.719 0.966 1.036
1.43 0.44 44.5 0.701 44.5 0.713 0.983 1.018
1.44 0.44 45 0.707 45 0.707 1.000 1.000
1.45 0.44 45.5 0.713 45.5 0.701 1.018 0.983
1.46 0.44 46 0.719 46 0.695 1.036 0.966
1.47 0.44 46.5 0.725 46.5 0.688 1.054 0.949
1.48 0.44 47 0.731 47 0.682 1.072 0.933
1.49 0.44 47.5 0.737 47.5 0.676 1.091 0.916
1.50 0.45 48 0.742 48 0.669 1.109 0.902
1.51 0.45 48.5 0.749 48.5 0.663 1.130 0.885
1.52 0.45 49 0.755 49 0.656 1.150 0.869
1.53 0.45 49.5 0.760 49.5 0.649 1.171 0.854
1.54 0.45 50 0.766 50 0.643 1.192 0.839
1.55 0.45 50.5 0.772 50.5 0.636 1.213 0.824
1.56 0.45 51 0.777 51 0.629 1.235 0.810
1.57 0.45 51.5 0.786 51.5 0.623 1.262 0.792
1.58 0.45 52 0.788 52 0.616 1.280 0.781
1.59 0.45 52.5 0.793 52.5 0.609 1.303 0.767
1.60 0.45 53 0.799 53 0.602 1.327 0.754
1.61 0.45 53.5 0.804 53.5 0.595 1.351 0.740
1.62 0.45 54 0.809 54 0.588 1.376 0.727
1.63 0.46 54.5 0.814 54.5 0.581 1.402 0.713
1.64 0.46 55 0.819 55 0.574 1.428 0.700
1.65 0.46 55.5 0.824 55.5 0.566 1.455 0.687
1.66 0.46 56 0.829 56 0.559 1.483 0.675
1.67 0.46 56.5 0.834 56.5 0.552 1.511 0.662
1.68 0.46 57 0.839 57 0.545 1.540 0.649
1.69 0.46 57.5 0.843 57.5 0.537 1.570 0.637
1.70 0.46 58 0.848 58 0.530 1.600 0.625
1.71 0.46 58.5 0.853 58.5 0.522 1.632 0.613
1.72 0.46 59 0.857 59 0.515 1.664 0.601
1.73 0.46 59.5 0.862 59.5 0.508 1.698 0.589
1.74 0.46 60 0.866 60 0.500 1.732 0.577
1.75 0.47 60.5 0.870 60.5 0.492 1.767 0.566
1.76 0.47 61 0.875 61 0.485 1.804 0.554
1.77 0.47 61.5 0.879 61.5 0.477 1.842 0.543
1.78 0.47 62 0.883 62 0.470 1.880 0.532
1.79 0.47 62.5 0.887 62.5 0.462 1.921 0.521
1.80 0.47 63 0.891 63 0.454 1.963 0.510
1.81 0.47 63.5 0.895 63.5 0.446 2.006 0.498
1.82 0.47 64 0.899 64 0.438 2.051 0.488
1.83 0.47 64.5 0.903 64.5 0.431 2.097 0.477
1.84 0.47 65 0.906 65 0.423 2.145 0.466
1.85 0.47 65.5 0.910 65.5 0.415 2.195 0.456
1.86 0.47 66 0.914 66 0.407 2.246 0.445
1.87 0.47 66.5 0.917 66.5 0.399 2.300 0.435
1.88 0.48 67 0.921 67 0.391 2.356 0.424
1.89 0.48 67.5 0.924 67.5 0.383 2.414 0.414
1.90 0.48 68 0.927 68 0.375 2.475 0.404
1.91 0.48 68.5 0.930 68.5 0.819 1.136 0.880
1.92 0.48 69 0.934 69 0.358 2.605 0.384
1.93 0.48 69.5 0.937 69.5 0.350 2.674 0.374
1.94 0.48 70 0.940 70 0.342 2.747 0.364
1.95 0.48 70.5 0.943 70.5 0.556 1.696 0.590
1.96 0.48 71 0.946 71 0.326 2.904 0.344
1.97 0.48 71.5 0.948 71.5 0.317 2.989 0.335
1.98 0.48 72 0.951 72 0.309 3.078 0.325
1.99 0.48 72.5 0.954 72.5 0.301 3.172 0.315
2.00 0.49 73 0.956 73 0.292 3.271 0.306
2.01 0.49 73.5 0.959 73.5 0.284 3.376 0.296
2.02 0.49 74 0.961 74 0.276 3.488 0.287
2.03 0.49 74.5 0.964 74.5 0.267 3.606 0.277
2.04 0.49 75 0.966 75 0.259 3.732 0.268
2.05 0.49 75.5 0.968 75.5 0.250 3.868 0.259
2.06 0.49 76 0.970 76 0.242 4.011 0.249
2.07 0.49 76.5 0.982 76.5 0.233 4.209 0.238
2.08 0.49 77 0.974 77 0.225 4.332 0.231
2.09 0.49 77.5 0.976 77.5 0.216 4.511 0.222
2.10 0.49 78 0.978 78 0.208 4.705 0.213
2.11 0.49 78.5 0.980 78.5 0.199 4.915 0.203
2.12 0.49 79 0.982 79 0.191 5.145 0.194
2.13 0.50 79.5 0.983 79.5 0.182 5.396 0.185
2.14 0.50 80 0.985 80 0.174 5.673 0.176
2.15 0.50 80.5 0.986 80.5 0.165 5.977 0.167
2.16 0.50 81 0.988 81 0.156 6.315 0.158
2.17 0.50 81.5 0.989 81.5 0.148 6.691 0.149
2.18 0.50 82 0.999 82 0.139 7.178 0.139
2.19 0.50 82.5 0.991 82.5 0.131 7.597 0.132
2.20 0.50 83 0.993 83 0.122 8.145 0.123
2.21 0.50 83.5 0.994 83.5 0.113 8.777 0.114
2.22 0.50 84 0.995 84 0.105 9.517 0.105
2.23 0.50 84.5 0.995 84.5 0.096 10.389 0.096
2.24 0.50 85 0.996 85 0.087 11.431 0.087
2.25 0.51 85.5 0.997 85.5 0.078 12.716 0.079
2.26 0.51 86 0.998 86 0.070 14.302 0.070
2.27 0.51 86.5 0.998 86.5 0.061 16.362 0.061
2.28 0.51 87 0.999 87 0.052 19.083 0.052
2.29 0.51 87.5 0.999 87.5 0.044 22.913 0.044
2.30 0.51 88 0.999 88 0.035 28.637 0.035
2.31 0.51 88.5 1.000 88.5 0.026 38.299 0.026
2.32 0.51 89 0.9998 89 0.017 57.295 0.017
2.33 0.51 89.5 0.9999 89.5 0.009 114.931 0.009
2.34 0.51 90 1.000 90 0.000 1.000 0.000
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Permissible Bond stress Table t bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concreteM-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 M-45 M-50
tbd (N / mm2 -- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Development Length in tension

Grade of Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

concrete tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
M 15 0.6 58 0.96 60
M 20 0.8 44 1.28 45
M 25 0.9 39 1.44 40
M 30 1 35 1.6 36
M 35 1.1 32 1.76 33
M 40 1.2 29 1.92 30
M 45 1.3 27 2.08 28
M 50 1.4 25 2.24 26

fy
fy
Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000) fy
Permission stress in compression (N/mm ) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
2
fy
Grade of Bending acbc Direct (acc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2) fy
concrete
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40

tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5
n factore Table
415 500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.90 1.50
1.80 1.40
1.70 1.35
1.60 1.30
1.50 1.20
1.40 1.16
1.30 1.08
1.20 1.00
1.15 0.95
1.05 0.90
1.02 0.86
1.20 0.84
0.98 0.82
0.96 0.81
0.94 0.80
0.92 0.79
0.91 0.78
0.90 0.77
0.89 0.76
0.86 0.75
0.86 0.74
0.85 0.73
0.84 0.72
0.83 0.72
0.83 0.72
0.82 0.71
0.82 0.71
0.81 0.71
0.81 0.70
0.81 0.70
0.81 0.69
0.81 0.69
0.81 0.68
0.81 0.68

Table Carpentors's coefficents for cylenlidrical tank (Reyolndha

Factors F K1
H+dA 10 20 30 40 10 20 30
0.2 0.046 0.028 0.022 0.015 - 0.5 0.45
0.3 0.032 0.019 0.014 0.01 0.55 0.43 0.38
Value of H/D
 Value of H/D
0.4 0.024 0.014 0.01 0.007 0.5 0.39 0.35
0.5 0.02 0.02 0.009 0.006 0.45 0.37 0.32
1.0 0.012 0.006 0.005 0.003 0.37 0.28 0.24
2.0 0.006 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.3 0.22 0.19
4.0 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.27 0.2 0.17

TABLE 20.1
Cofficent for bending moment and twisting moment in circular beam
No of support 2f C1 C2 C3 fm
4 90 0.137 0.07 0.021 19.25
5 72 0.108 0.054 0.014 15.25
6 60 0.089 0.045 0.009 12.75
8 45 0.066 0.03 0.005 9.5
9 40 0.06 0.027 0.004 8.5
10 36 0.054 0.023 0.003 7.25
12 30 0.045 0.017 0.002 6.25

Cofficent for bending moment and twisting moment in circular beam

Negative positive Maximum Angular
bending bending twiting distance
moment moment moment for
No of at at centr of or torque maximum
support supporte span torsion
2f K1 K2 K3 fm
4 90 0.0342 0.0176 0.0053 19.12
6 60 0.0148 0.0075 0.0015 12.44
8 45 0.0083 0.0041 0.0006 9.33
10 36 0.0054 0.0023 0.0003 7.3
12 30 0.0037 0.0014 0.0017 7.15

2.414
 fs = 120 =fy200
2.0
fs =145 =fy250
fs =190 =fy328
1.6
fs =240 =fy415

1.2

0.8

0.4

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6

Modification factore
Fig 7.1
Fs= steel stress of service load =0.58fy
for steeel
500 = Fs 290 N/mm2
415 = Fs 240 N/mm2
328 = Fs 190 N/mm2
250 = Fs 145 N/mm2
207 = Fs 120 N/mm2
drical tank (Reyolndhand book)
K1 K2
40 10 20 30 40
0.4 0.32 0.46 0.53 0.5
0.33 0.35 0.53 0.6 0.66
 0.3 0.44 0.58 0.65 0.7
0.27 0.48 0.63 0.69 0.73
0.21 0.62 0.73 0.74 0.83
0.16 0.73 0.81 0.85 0.88
0.14 0.8 0.85 0.87 0.9

ircular beam
fs =240 =fy415
fs = 290 =fy500

1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2