BY

UZAIR MANSOOR BME 173105

A Project Report submitted to the

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Faculty of Engineering
Capital University of Science and Technology
Islamabad
Dec, 2018
 Table of Content
Abstract
Introduction
Design of Gas Power Plant
 Layout diagram
 T-S diagram
 Design calculation
 Cost Analysis
Abstract:
Regenerative gas turbine with reheat and intercooling, have high performance
expectations over the simple ideal Brayton cycle. Gas turbines are very sensitive to
changes in design parameters such as the pressure ratio and the components in the
turbine. The performance of a gas turbine for marine vessel operating between an
ambient temperature of 300k and 1160k is evaluated in this project. A single shaft
turbine was considered. The study was based on an ideal Brayton cycle and means
of improving the performance of this cycle were added progressively. Given the
limits in turbine materials, a pressure ratio of 1:6 was deduced from the results. The
investigations further revealed that reheat and intercooling, limited to two stage,
were not efficient enough unless combined with regeneration, through this
configuration the gas turbine could achieve a thermal efficiency of 45%
Introduction:
Gas turbine power plants may operate on either an open or closed basis. This is an
engine in which atmospheric air is continuously drawn into the compressor, which
draws air into the engine, pressurizes it, and feeds it to the combustion chamber at
speeds of hundreds of miles per hour. The combustion system, typically made up of
a ring of fuel injectors that inject a steady stream of fuel into combustion chambers
where it mixes with the air. The mixture is burned at temperatures of more than 2000
degrees F or 1370 K. The combustion produces a high temperature, high pressure
gas stream that enters and expands through the turbine section.
The turbine is an intricate array of alternate stationary and rotating aerofoil-section
blades. As hot combustion gas expands through the turbine, it spins the rotating
blades. The rotating blades perform a dual function: they drive the compressor to
draw more pressurized air into the combustion section, and they spin a generator to
produce electricity.
Design of Gas Power Plant:
800 K ---
Design Calculation:
T1 = 300 K
h1 = 300.19 kJ / kg

(Pr2S / Pr1) = (P2 / P1)

(Pr2S / 1.3860) = (250 / 100)

Pr2S = 3.465
h2S = 390.41 kJ / kg

η = h2S – h1
h2 – h1

h2 = 406.33 kJ / kg
h3 = 300.19 kJ / kg

(Pr4S / Pr3) = (P4 / P3)

(Pr4S / 1.3860) = (600 / 250)

Pr4S = 3.3264
h4S = 385.77 kJ / kg
 η = h4S – h3
h4 – h3
h4 = 400.84 kJ / kg

T5 = 1160 K
h5 = 1230.92 kJ / kg

(Pr5 / Pr6S) = (P5 / P6)

(207.2 / Pr6S) = (600 / 250)

Pr6S = 86.3
h6S = 968.62 kJ / kg

η = h5 – h6
h5 – h6S

h6 = 1021.08 kJ / kg
T7 = 800 K
h7 = 821.95 kJ / kg

(Pr7 / Pr8S) = (P7 / P8)

(47.75 / Pr8S) = (250 / 100)
Pr8S = 19.1
h8S = 633.35 kJ / kg
 η = h7 – h8
h7 – h8S

h8 = 671.07 kJ / kg

η = h9 – h4
h8 – h4

h9 = 644 kJ / kg

Wt = (h5 – h6) + (h7 – h8)

m

Wt = (1230.92 – 1021.08) + (821.95 – 671.07)

m

Wt = 360.72 kJ / kg
m

Wc = (h4 – h3) + (h2 – h1)

m

Wc = (400.84 – 300.19) + (406.33 – 300.19)

m
 Wc = 206.79 kJ / kg
m

Qin = (h5 – h9) + (h7 – h6)

m
Qin = (1230.92 – 644) + (821.95 – 1021.08)
m

Qin = 387.79 kJ / kg
m

η = Wt – Wc × 100
Qin

η = 40 %

ṁ = W net
Wt – Wc

ṁ = 162.41 kg/sec
Cost Analysis:
In designing of any power plant, it is very important to analyses the cost of project.
To produce a 25MW electricity. The cost of installing a intercooler is 10,000 dollars.
In turbine section, the cost of reheater is 5000 dollars. The cost of installing a
regenerator is 3000 dollars. The cost of operating a gas power plant without any
reheater, intercooler and regenerator is 30,000 dollars.
The constraints used are two reheater, one intercooler, regenerator. The cost of
designing a power plant is 53000 dollars.